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Journal articles on the topic 'Ski characterization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Sutrave, P., T. D. Copeland, S. D. Showalter, and S. H. Hughes. "Characterization of chicken c-ski oncogene products expressed by retrovirus vectors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 6 (June 1990): 3137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.6.3137.

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We constructed replication-competent avian retrovirus vectors that contain two of the three known types of chicken c-ski cDNAs and a third vector that contains a truncated c-ski cDNA. We developed antisera that recognize the c-ski proteins made by the three transforming c-ski viruses. All three proteins (apparent molecular masses, 50, 60, and 90 kilodaltons) are localized primarily in the nucleus. The proteins are differentially phosphorylated; immunofluorescence also suggests that there are differences in subnuclear localization of the c-ski proteins and that c-ski protein is associated with condensed chromatin in dividing cells.

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2

Sutrave, P., T. D. Copeland, S. D. Showalter, and S. H. Hughes. "Characterization of chicken c-ski oncogene products expressed by retrovirus vectors." Molecular and Cellular Biology 10, no. 6 (June 1990): 3137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.10.6.3137-3144.1990.

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We constructed replication-competent avian retrovirus vectors that contain two of the three known types of chicken c-ski cDNAs and a third vector that contains a truncated c-ski cDNA. We developed antisera that recognize the c-ski proteins made by the three transforming c-ski viruses. All three proteins (apparent molecular masses, 50, 60, and 90 kilodaltons) are localized primarily in the nucleus. The proteins are differentially phosphorylated; immunofluorescence also suggests that there are differences in subnuclear localization of the c-ski proteins and that c-ski protein is associated with condensed chromatin in dividing cells.

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3

Sutrave, P., and S. H. Hughes. "Isolation and characterization of three distinct cDNAs for the chicken c-ski gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 9 (September 1989): 4046–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.9.4046.

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Three types of c-ski cDNAs have been isolated from two different chicken cDNA libraries. Sequence comparisons suggest that the cDNAs derive from alternatively spliced mRNAs. A short stretch of sequence homology that exists between c-ski and avian leukosis virus may have played a role in viral transduction.

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4

Sutrave, P., and S. H. Hughes. "Isolation and characterization of three distinct cDNAs for the chicken c-ski gene." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 9 (September 1989): 4046–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.9.4046-4051.1989.

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Three types of c-ski cDNAs have been isolated from two different chicken cDNA libraries. Sequence comparisons suggest that the cDNAs derive from alternatively spliced mRNAs. A short stretch of sequence homology that exists between c-ski and avian leukosis virus may have played a role in viral transduction.

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5

Kelder, Bruce, Craig Richmond, Edward Stavnezer, Edward O. List, and John J. Kopchick. "Production, characterization and functional activities of v-Ski in cultured cells." Gene 202, no. 1-2 (November 1997): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1119(97)00439-3.

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6

Fukuda, D. H., R. P. Hetrick, K. L. Kendall, A. E. Smith-Ryan, M. E. Jackson, and J. R. Stout. "Characterization of the work–time relationship during cross-country ski ergometry." Physiological Measurement 35, no. 1 (December 17, 2013): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0967-3334/35/1/31.

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7

Fanti, Giulio, R. Basso, and V. Montauti. "Damping Measurement of Bending Vibration in Alpine Skis: An Improvement of Standard ISO 6267." Applied Mechanics and Materials 5-6 (October 2006): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.5-6.199.

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The ISO 6267 standard defines a damping measuring method in terms of the half-time of the vibration of clamped alpine skis that is mainly related to the first vibration mode only. By means of the experimental test done in laboratory, it is shown that this method is not able to completely characterize the damping of the skis that depends on the vibration mode considered. For example in the case a ski sample, damping ratio varies from 0.45%±0.05% of the first mode to 2.1%±0.1% of the fourth one. The experimental test done on ski tracks by means of piezo-accelerometers placed on the skis running at speed of 12.5 m/s showed that the skis vibrate according to a combination of at least the first 4 vibration modes and that the snow better excites frequencies greater than the first one. As the excitation frequencies on the skis during the descent are much higher than the first natural frequency of the ski, it appears not correct to hypothesize that only the damping coefficient relative to the first natural frequency is representative of the ski vibrations. To improve the UNI ISO 6267 standard, a new method based on the Fourier Transform filtering to separate the time history into the vibration components is proposed for the characterization of the ski damping that is variable with its natural modes.

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8

Jordan, S. E., and C. A. Brown. "Comparing texture characterization parameters on their ability to differentiate ground polyethylene ski bases." Wear 261, no. 3-4 (August 2006): 398–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2005.12.011.

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9

Bardera, R., A. Rodríguez-Sevillano, M. León-Calero, and J. Nova-Trigueros. "Three-dimensional characterization of passive flow control devices over an aircraft carrier ski-jump ramp." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 232, no. 15 (June 27, 2017): 2737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410017716195.

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The aircraft carrier is a key element in modern navies. On-board operations at sea take place under very severe conditions, which affect the aerodynamic flow on the flight deck. The ski-jump ramp is a curved runway that enables the aircraft to take-off using shorter runway distance. However, this geometry generates strong flow disturbances, mainly characterized by a recirculation bubble at the forward end of the ramp. This phenomenon reduces the aircraft performances and increases the pilot’s workload due to the unsteady forces which appear on the control surfaces. Passive flow control appears as a solution to this problem. Wind tunnel experimental research was developed in this study to mitigate the adverse aerodynamic effects of the ski-jump ramp presence. Different devices were tested using particle image velocimetry. Geometrical parameters of the devices were varied to study the effectiveness and select the best solution. Interesting results were found for the columnar vortex generator configurations. The optimum configuration could be applied shortly to the full-scale problem to reduce the adverse aerodynamic effects during take-off maneuvers.

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10

Fraccaroli, Lorenzo, and Franco Concli. "Introduction of Open-Source Engineering Tools for the Structural Modeling of a Multilayer Mountaineering Ski under Operation." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (July 31, 2020): 5310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155310.

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Winter sports have significantly developed in the last century. Among others, skiing is a winter-sport branch in which the equipment makes the difference in the performances. While in the beginning of the last century skis were simply made of wood, nowadays the increasing demand of performances and weight reduction has promoted the adoption of composite materials. However, no significant progress has been made in the engineering approach to design such equipment which are very often still designed on the basis of several physical prototypes and trials. This is particularly true in the niche sector of ski mountaineering, where the production batches are significantly smaller with respect to those of alpine skis and at the same time the weight reduction plays a determinant role. In this context, finite elements analysis (FEA) could represent an important tool to shorten the development times and costs leading to a more effective design process. The aim of this research is the development of an accurate virtual model of an existing mountaineering ski, capable of reproducing the behavior of the real component under operation. A preliminary characterization of all the materials used for the different layers of the ski was performed via tensile tests on flat dog-bone-shaped samples in combination with digital image correlation (DIC) techniques. Samples were laser cut from sheets. The tensile tests were performed in the two principal directions for each material. In combination with DIC, these tests allowed us to estimate the four in-plane (XY) elastic properties, namely, the two elastic modules, the shear module, and the Poisson ratio (Ex, Ey, Gxy, νxy). The DIC acquisitions were elaborated with the free software GOM-Correlate. The digital model of the ski was created and simulated in an open-source environment: Code_Aster/Salome-Meca. The reason for using an open-source software is the possibility to parallelize the calculation without restrictions due to licenses and to customize the code according to the specific problem of interest. These aspects underline the potential of open-source software to improve the design process. The results of the simulations were compared with the response of the real ski in a three-point bending and a torsion-bending tests. Differences of 2.5–10% with respect to the real ski were observed for the different modeling techniques. Moreover, the validated virtual model of the ski was used to study the behavior of the ski when interacting with the snow for different roll angles and loads.

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11

Chardonnens, Julien, Julien Favre, Florian Cuendet, Gérald Gremion, and Kamiar Aminian. "Characterization of lower-limbs inter-segment coordination during the take-off extension in ski jumping." Human Movement Science 32, no. 4 (August 2013): 741–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2013.01.010.

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12

Yoon, Suk-Hoon, Jin-Hyea Kim, Jae-Hyeon Park, and Ji-Sun Ryu. "Terrain Characterization of SlalomㆍGiant Slalom Course in Alpine Ski Racing and Their Effect on Performance Factors." Sports Science 36, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46394/iss.36.1.21.

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13

Yoon, Suk-Hoon, Jin-Hyea Kim, Jae-Hyeon Park, and Ji-Sun Ryu. "Terrain Characterization of SlalomㆍGiant Slalom Course in Alpine Ski Racing and Their Effect on Performance Factors." Sports Science 36, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46394/iss.36.2.21.

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14

Natali, Arturo N., Silvia Todros, Chiara Venturato, and Chiara G. Fontanella. "Evaluation of the mechanical behaviour of Telemark ski boots: Part I – materials characterization in use conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 228, no. 3 (March 10, 2014): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337114524380.

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15

Touré, Bakary B., Jon Scott Munzer, Ajoy Basak, Suzanne Benjannet, Jim Rochemont, Claude Lazure, Michel Chrétien, and Nabil G. Seidah. "Biosynthesis and Enzymatic Characterization of Human SKI-1/S1P and the Processing of Its Inhibitory Prosegment." Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, no. 4 (January 28, 2000): 2349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.275.4.2349.

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16

Arndt, Stephanie, Ina Poser, Thomas Schubert, Markus Moser, and Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff. "Cloning and functional characterization of a new Ski homolog, Fussel-18, specifically expressed in neuronal tissues." Laboratory Investigation 85, no. 11 (October 3, 2005): 1330–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.3700344.

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17

Kim, Joo-NYeon, and Suk-Hoon Yoon. "Terrain Characterization of DownhillㆍSuper Giant Slalom Course in Alpine Ski Racing and Their Effect on Performance Factors." Sports Science 36, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46394/iss.36.1.20.

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18

Kim, Joo-NYeon, and Suk-Hoon Yoon. "Terrain Characterization of DownhillㆍSuper Giant Slalom Course in Alpine Ski Racing and Their Effect on Performance Factors." Sports Science 36, no. 2 (February 28, 2019): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46394/iss.36.2.20.

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19

Gilgien, Matthias, Philip Crivelli, Jörg Spörri, Josef Kröll, and Erich Müller. "Characterization of Course and Terrain and Their Effect on Skier Speed in World Cup Alpine Ski Racing." PLOS ONE 10, no. 3 (March 11, 2015): e0118119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0118119.

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20

Gilgien, Matthias, Philip Crivelli, Jörg Spörri, Josef Kröll, and Erich Müller. "Correction: Characterization of Course and Terrain and Their Effect on Skier Speed in World Cup Alpine Ski Racing." PLOS ONE 10, no. 5 (May 20, 2015): e0128899. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128899.

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21

Hladnik, Jurij, and Boris Jerman. "Advanced finite element cross-country ski boot model for mass optimization directions considering flexion stiffness." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 232, no. 3 (December 6, 2017): 264–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337117745238.

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Flexion stiffness and mass were recognized as two important parameters of energy efficiency for modern top-class ski boots used in skate cross-country skiing. This article summarizes the study on mass optimization of the front foot region of an existing cross-country ski boot, while considering its flexion stiffness. For this purpose, a finite element model of the boot and an artificial foot for simulation of boot flexion stiffness measurement were made. The boot consists of textiles which require specific measurements for their characterization and special finite element material models for their realization. The finite element model was validated through a three-step validation process, in which flexion stiffness of the complete and stripped versions of the finite element model were compared with experimentally acquired flexion stiffness. Flexion stiffness contributions of individual boot components of the front foot region were acquired from the strain energy accumulated in their finite element. Using flexion stiffness and mass contributions and ratios between them (flexion stiffness to mass contributions), directions for flexion stiffness to mass contribution optimization of the boot’s front region were determined. The shoe-upper and shoe-cap were the most efficient regarding their flexion stiffness to mass contribution ratios and were suggested to be thickened. The soles had the highest potential for the boot’s flexion stiffness to mass contribution optimization due to their high mass contribution and relatively low flexion stiffness to mass contribution ratios. As a result, recommendations were made to reduce the soles’ size and/or increase their flexion stiffness to mass contribution ratios. These recommendations are similar to recommendations from a previous study, despite the higher finite element model accuracy and different method used to determine the flexion stiffness contributions.

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22

Schlie, Katrin, Anna Maisa, Frank Lennartz, Ute Ströher, Wolfgang Garten, and Thomas Strecker. "Characterization of Lassa Virus Glycoprotein Oligomerization and Influence of Cholesterol on Virus Replication." Journal of Virology 84, no. 2 (November 4, 2009): 983–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02039-09.

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ABSTRACT Mature glycoprotein spikes are inserted in the Lassa virus envelope and consist of the distal subunit GP-1, the transmembrane-spanning subunit GP-2, and the signal peptide, which originate from the precursor glycoprotein pre-GP-C by proteolytic processing. In this study, we analyzed the oligomeric structure of the viral surface glycoprotein. Chemical cross-linking studies of mature glycoprotein spikes from purified virus revealed the formation of trimers. Interestingly, sucrose density gradient analysis of cellularly expressed glycoprotein showed that in contrast to trimeric mature glycoprotein complexes, the noncleaved glycoprotein forms monomers and oligomers spanning a wide size range, indicating that maturation cleavage of GP by the cellular subtilase SKI-1/S1P is critical for formation of the correct oligomeric state. To shed light on a potential relation between cholesterol and GP trimer stability, we performed cholesterol depletion experiments. Although depletion of cholesterol had no effect on trimerization of the glycoprotein spike complex, our studies revealed that the cholesterol content of the viral envelope is important for the infectivity of Lassa virus. Analyses of the distribution of viral proteins in cholesterol-rich detergent-resistant membrane areas showed that Lassa virus buds from membrane areas other than those responsible for impaired infectivity due to cholesterol depletion of lipid rafts. Thus, derivation of the viral envelope from cholesterol-rich membrane areas is not a prerequisite for the impact of cholesterol on virus infectivity.

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23

Cignetti, Martina, Danilo Godone, Aleksandra Wrzesniak, and Daniele Giordan. "Structure from Motion Multisource Application for Landslide Characterization and Monitoring: The Champlas du Col Case Study, Sestriere, North-Western Italy." Sensors 19, no. 10 (May 22, 2019): 2364. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19102364.

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Structure from Motion (SfM) is a powerful tool to provide 3D point clouds from a sequence of images taken from different remote sensing technologies. The use of this approach for processing images captured from both Remotely Piloted Aerial Vehicles (RPAS), historical aerial photograms, and smartphones, constitutes a valuable solution for the identification and characterization of active landslides. We applied SfM to process all the acquired and available images for the study of the Champlas du Col landslide, a complex slope instability reactivated in spring 2018 in the Piemonte Region (north-western Italy). This last reactivation of the slide, principally due to snow melting at the end of the winter season, interrupted the main road used to reach Sestriere, one of the most famous ski resorts in north-western Italy. We tested how SfM can be applied to process high-resolution multisource datasets by processing: (i) historical aerial photograms collected from five diverse regional flights, (ii) RGB and multi-spectral images acquired by two RPAS, taken in different moments, and (iii) terrestrial sequences of the most representative kinematic elements due to the evolution of the landslide. In addition, we obtained an overall framework of the historical development of the area of interest, and distinguished several generations of landslides. Moreover, an in-depth geomorphological characterization of the Champlas du Col landslide reactivation was done, by testing a cost-effective and rapid methodology based on SfM principles, which is easily repeatable to characterize and investigate active landslides.

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24

Sanchez, Angela J., Martin J. Vincent, and Stuart T. Nichol. "Characterization of the Glycoproteins of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus." Journal of Virology 76, no. 14 (July 15, 2002): 7263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.14.7263-7275.2002.

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ABSTRACT Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus is the cause of an important tick-borne disease of humans throughout regions of Africa, Europe, and Asia. Like other members of the genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae, the CCHF virus M genome RNA segment encodes the virus glycoproteins. Sequence analysis of the CCHF virus (Matin strain) M RNA segment revealed one major open reading frame that potentially encodes a precursor polyprotein 1,689 amino acids (aa) in length. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the M-encoded polyproteins of Nigerian, Pakistani, and Chinese CCHF virus strains revealed two distinct protein regions. The carboxyl-terminal 1,441 aa are relatively highly conserved (up to 8.4% identity difference), whereas the amino-terminal 243 to 248 aa are highly variable (up to 56.4% identity difference) and have mucin-like features, including a high serine, threonine, and proline content (up to 47.3%) and a potential for extensive O-glycosylation. Analysis of released virus revealed two major structural glycoproteins, G2 (37 kDa) and G1 (75 kDa). Virus protein analysis by various techniques, including pulse-chase analysis and/or reactivity with CCHF virus-specific polyclonal and antipeptide antibodies, demonstrated that the 140-kDa (which contains the mucin-like region) and 85-kDa nonstructural proteins are the precursors of the mature G2 and G1 proteins, respectively. The amino termini of the CCHF virus (Matin strain) G2 and G1 proteins were established by microsequencing to be equivalent to aa 525 and 1046, respectively, of the encoded polyprotein precursor. The tetrapeptides RRLL and RKPL are immediately upstream of the cleavage site for mature G2 and G1, respectively. These are completely conserved among the predicted polyprotein sequences of all the CCHF virus strains and closely resemble the tetrapeptides that represent the major cleavage recognition sites present in the glycoprotein precursors of arenaviruses, such as Lassa fever virus (RRLL) and Pichinde virus (RKLL). These results strongly suggest that CCHF viruses (and other members of the genus Nairovirus) likely utilize the subtilase SKI-1/S1P-like cellular proteases for the major glycoprotein precursor cleavage events, as has recently been demonstrated for the arenaviruses.

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25

Oxman, Bernard H., and Annalisa Ciampi. "NATO Status of Forces Agreement—primary right to exercise jurisdiction—offenses committed in performance of official duty—judicial review of characterization of such offenses—double jeopardy." American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (January 1999): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997966.

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Public Prosecutor v. Ashby. Judgment No. 161/98.Court of Trento, Italy, July 13, 1998.On February 3, 1998, a U.S. Marine EA-6B aircraft, redeployed at Aviano air base as part of Operation Deliberate Guard in support of the multinational Stabilization Force (SFOR) in Bosnia, was on a low-level training mission over northern Italy when it severed the wires of the cable car at the Cermis ski resort near Cavalese, causing the deaths of twenty people. Because the exercise of criminal action is mandatory under Article 112 of the Italian Constitution, the public prosecutor decided that he had to institute preliminary investigations immediately, with a view to determining whether to prosecute. On July 13, 1998, an Italian judge, in a preliminary hearing, rejected the prosecutor's request that seven U.S. servicemen stand trial for the cable-car accident. The judge found that, under Article VII, paragraph 3(a) (ii) of the NATO Status of Forces Agreement (NATO SOFA), the United States, as the sending state, had the primary right to exercise jurisdiction over the case and that jurisdiction had not been waived. Accordingly, the judge dismissed the case.

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26

Edholm, Roger. "FAMILY FRAMING AND THE COMEDY OF CONVENTIONS IN RUBEN ÖSTLUND’S FORCE MAJEURE." Nordic Journal of Aesthetics 27, no. 55-56 (November 6, 2018): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nja.v27i55-56.110722.

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Ruben Östlund’s Force Majeure (2014) centres around a Swedish family vacationing at a ski resort in the Alps. The film depicts how the family breaks down after the father leaves his wife and children behind while fleeing from a possible avalanche. This breakdown is reflected in the film’s use of framing. In the opening scenes, the viewer is presented with a series of family portraits. After the averted disaster, the family is no longer shown as a coherent whole. Framing in Force Majeure is thus as a technical as well as a thematic matter related to the film’s exploration of the nuclear family. Framing is also connected to the comedic characterization of the family that the film depicts. Rather than identifying with them, the viewer is invited to critically reflect upon their self-image and their actions. The focus of this essay is therefore the concept of framing in connection with the film’s theme of family and certain comedic conventions. Force Majeure is symmetrically structured and the narrative progression adheres to a traditional plot-pattern moving from the disruption of order to the restoration of order. Yet, the film also flaunts its structure and makes the viewer aware of the clichés of conventional storytelling as these clichés and conventions are reproduced in the lives of the main characters.

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27

Zizkova, Hana, Eliska Motlova, Karla Zemanova, Hana Klamova, Lenka Hovorkova, Jan Zuna, Jan Zach, Susanne Saussele, Francois-Xavier Mahon, and Katerina Machova Polakova. "DNA Based Detection and Quantification of BCR-ABL1 Gene Using Patient-Specific qPCR and Droplet Digital PCR Tests in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4043.4043.

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Abstract Introduction - Targeted therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) very effectively suppresses the growth of leukemic clone to a clinically safe level of the disease. Therefore sensitive monitoring of molecular response (MR) based on standardized measurements of BCR-ABL1 transcript levels plays an important role for prediction either of optimal response or progression. Thus, its sensitive and accurate detection is very important for the individualized therapy, especially for a TKI stopping treatment management in patients achieving long-term deep MR. While the transcript levels may not exactly correspond to the number of leukemic cells, BCR-ABL1 quantification at the DNA level using patient-specific assays may bring more accurate information about residual disease. Moreover, BCR-ABL1 DNA quantification may contribute to a stratification of patients for whom the cessation of TKI therapy may be safe. Objectives - This work is focused on the comparison of BCR-ABL1 quantity at DNA and mRNA level in CML patients after TKI initiation until the MR achievement, and after TKI discontinuation within the EURO-SKI clinical trial (Europe Stops TKI in CML), respectively, and on determination of differences on BCR-ABL1 positivity/negativity of samples analyzed. Additionally, the BCR-ABL1 DNA data obtained from the measurements by qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) were compared. Methods - Our study included analyses of 232 samples of 13 patients with CML in chronic phase (CP), who achieved deep MR during TKI treatment. Four of 13 patients (total of 85 samples analyzed) discontinued the treatment within the EURO-SKI study. The levels of BCR-ABL1 mRNA were determined by standardized RT-qPCR method and DNA levels were detected by qPCR with developed patient-specific qPCR assays after BCR-ABL1 genomic fusions characterization. The ddPCR method was performed on 72 samples using QX-200 Droplet Digital PCR System (Bio-Rad). The determined ratios of BCR-ABL1/GUSB (mRNA) and BCR-ABL1/albumin (DNA level) of follow-up samples of every patient were related to the diagnostic sample (considered as 100% level) for the most appropriate comparison of mRNA and DNA levels. Results - Standardized RT-qPCR and patient-specific qPCRs were able to detect the mRNA and DNA BCR-ABL1 levels, respectively, reduced by more than 5 logs from the levels at the time of diagnosis. We observed a significant correlation between the mRNA and DNA levels by comparing 148 paired BCR-ABL1 positive results (correlation coefficient r2=0.9055; P˂0.0001). When comparing the frequency of the BCR-ABL1 negative/positive results at the DNA vs. mRNA levels, BCR-ABL1 positivity at DNA level was found in 21 samples which were BCR-ABL1-negative at mRNA level. BCR-ABL1 mRNA was found either negative or positive at MR5.0 in 3/4 EURO-SKI patients within the period between MR achievement until the TKI discontinuation (19 samples analyzed). The level of BCR-ABL1 DNA was continuously positive in this period before the TKI cessation. The molecular relapse (i.e. MMR loss) was observed in all those 3 patients several months after the therapy cessation. The levels of BCR-ABL1 DNA detected by ddPCR method correlated with DNA qPCR results (r2=0.9684; P˂0.0001) and the obtained values were not significantly different. Conclusion - The levels of the BCR-ABL1 mRNA and DNA in peripheral blood (PB) correlated significantly, thus both consistently reflecting the course of CP-CML at the molecular level. Although much more patients with TKI cessation need to be tested for the presence of BCR-ABL1 DNA, our data suggest that quantification at the DNA level appears to be (at least in some cases) more sensitive method for detection of residual leukemic cells in PB in comparison to the mRNA quantification. The BCR-ABL1 DNA measurement may have a potential prognostic significance in deciding for eventual withdrawal of TKI therapy, which is currently being investigated within the clinical trials. Digital PCR enables absolute quantification without a need of patient-specific calibration curves and with the potentially higher sensitivity and accuracy for BCR-ABL1 DNA quantification. This work was supported by the project 15-31540A of the Czech Health Research Council, GAUK 554214 and EURO-SKI Research Consortium. Disclosures Klamova: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol Myers-Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Saussele:ARIAD: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria, Other: Travel grant; BMS: Honoraria, Other: Travel grant, Research Funding; Novartis Pharma: Honoraria, Other: Travel grant, Research Funding. Mahon:Pfizer: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Ariad: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding. Machova Polakova:Bristol Myers-Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding.

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28

Noë, Adrian J., Daniela Marcantonio, James Barton, Areti Malapetsa, and Lawrence C. Panasci. "Characterization of the catecholamine extraneuronal uptake2 carrier in human glioma cell lines SK-MG-1 and SKI-1 in relation to (2-chloroethyl)-3-sarcosinamide-1-nitrosourea (SarCNU) selective cytotoxicity." Biochemical Pharmacology 51, no. 12 (June 1996): 1639–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(96)00129-3.

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29

Liu, Meiyan, Jiakui Yu, and Shuguo Zhang. "More on Arhangel’skiĭ sheaf amalgamations." Filomat 34, no. 10 (2020): 3369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil2010369l.

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We proceed to consider the topic of ideal-convergence. In particular, we introduce the ideal-version of Arhangel?ski? sheaf amalgamations, and exam the relations among the ideal-version of Arhangel?ski? sheaf amalgamations, ideal-version of QN-spaces and ideal-version of covering properties. Some characterizations of ideal-version of Arhangel?ski? sheaf amalgamations will be given. Our observations extend some classic results.

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Hougan, Linda, David Y. Thomas, and Malcolm Whiteway. "Cloning and characterization of the SKI3 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae demonstrates allelism to SKI5." Current Genetics 16, no. 3 (September 1989): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00391469.

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SALMAN, ISRAA S. "Isolation and Characterization Skin Fibroblast of Newborn Mice Using Easy and Simple Protocol." Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 51, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36872/lepi/v51i2/301121.

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Okogbue, Emmanuel Chilekwu, and Joseph Adesola Adedokun. "Characterization of sky conditions over Ile-Ife, Nigeria, based on 19921998 solar radiation observations." Meteorologische Zeitschrift 11, no. 6 (December 16, 2002): 419–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2002/0011-0419.

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Sterchi, Reto, and Pascal Haegeli. "A method of deriving operation-specific ski run classes for avalanche risk management decisions in mechanized skiing." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-269-2019.

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Abstract. An in-depth understanding of the nature of the available terrain and its exposure to avalanche hazard is crucial for making informed risk management decisions when travelling in the backcountry. While the Avalanche Terrain Exposure Scale (ATES) is broadly used for providing recreationists with terrain information, this type of terrain classification has so far only seen limited adoption within the professional ski guiding community. We hypothesize that it is the generic nature and small number of terrain classes of ATES and its precursor systems that prevent them from offering meaningful assistance to professional decision makers. Working with two mechanized skiing operations in British Columbia, Canada, we present a new approach for deriving terrain classifications from daily terrain assessment records. We used a combination of self-organizing maps and hierarchical clustering to identify groups of ski runs that have been assessed similarly in the past and organized them into operation-specific ski run hierarchies. We then examined the nature of the emerging ski run hierarchies using comprehensive run characterizations from experienced guides. Our approach produces high-resolution ski run hierarchies that offer a more nuanced and meaningful perspective on the available skiing terrain and provide new opportunities for examining professional avalanche risk management practices and developing meaningful decision aids.

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Orfao, Alberto, Bruno Paiva, Juan Flores-Montero, Noemi Puig, Laura Gutierrez, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Maria-Victoria Mateos, Juan Jose Lahuerta, and Jesus San Miguel. "Characterization of Minimal Residual Disease." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): SCI—52—SCI—52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.sci-52.sci-52.

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Abstract Minimal residual disease (MRD) defines persistence of minimal numbers (<10-2-10-6) of residual tumor cells after treatment. In recent years, evaluation of MRD has become more frequently used as a mean to assess the quality of response to therapy in multiple myeloma (MM), particularly among those patients who have reached complete remission (CR). At the same time, it has become one of the most relevant prognostic factors in MM, both among patients with standard-risk and those with high-risk cytogenetics. In parallel, the introduction of novel therapies has led to significantly higher CR rates, with also lower rates of MRD-positivity and lower MRD levels. Such improvement in response to therapy of MM has fostered the development of progressively more sensitive approaches that allow deeper evaluation of the quality of the response achieved. However, it is well-known that while most cases that show persistence of MRD after therapy will eventually relapse, some of these patients show persistence of MRD in the absence of disease recurrence. In turn, a significant fraction of MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics, despite reaching deep responses to therapy, show early relapse. Altogether, these findings point out the potential relevance of the biological features of MRD cells, in addition to the MRD levels, in determining long-term MRD control vs. disease recurrence. Therefore, understanding the biologic signature of MRD cells may provide important insight into the mechanisms involved in chemoresistance and the discovery of novel potential therapeutic targets. At present, information about the phenotypic and genetic/genomic features of the chemoresistant myeloma plasma cell (PC) clones remains limited; this is mainly due the minimal levels of residual tumor cells, particularly among the MRD+ patients identified at advanced stages of therapy. Characterization of the phenotypic and genetic profiles of MRD+ myeloma PC which are resistant to induction therapy vs. paired diagnostic myeloma PC from elderly patients treated with novel drugs in the GEM2010MAS65 clinical trial, unravel that therapy-induced clonal selection can be already identified at the MRD stage, after induction therapy. In these settings, chemoresistant myeloma PC showed a specific phenotypic signature that may result from the persistence of clones with unique cytogenetic alterations. Thus, MRD myeloma PC which persisted after induction therapy showed increased expression levels of integrins and adhesion molecules (e.g. CD11c, CD29, CD44, CD49d, CD49e, CD54 and CD138, suggesting that among the initial tumor bulk, the few chemoresistant cells are likely to be those with stronger adhesion properties. Such cells also showed overall different gene expression profiles, with de-regulated genes/pathways related to proteasome-inhibition chemoresistance (e.g.: genes encoding for proteasome subunits or endoplasmic reticulum proteins), and that may influence survival of MM patients. Comparison of both iFISH and copy number variation profiles between patient-paired diagnostic vs. MRD PC revealed different genetic profiles in a substantial percentage of cases, which may potentially be due to the acquisition of new alterations during therapy that render the cell more chemoresistant, and/or the emergence of ultra-chemoresistant MRD cells that represented a subclone of all PC present at diagnosis. Disclosures Paiva: Celgene: Consultancy; Binding Site: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy; BD Bioscience: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy; EngMab AG: Research Funding; Millenium: Consultancy; Sanofi: Consultancy. Puig:The Binding Site: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy. San Miguel:Millennium: Honoraria; Onyx: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Sanofi-Aventis: Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria.

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Wang, Shuwei, Kai Yang, Fei Gao, Deyu Wang, and Cai Shen. "Direct visualization of solid electrolyte interphase on Li4Ti5O12 by in situ AFM." RSC Advances 6, no. 81 (2016): 77105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra16208h.

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Whether Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ has a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the electrode surface has been the subject of controversy for a long time due to the delicate nature of this SEI layer and the lack of reliable characterization tools.

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Bae, Young-Ho, Byoung-Gil Kim, and Kyung-Wook Kwon. "Electrical Characterization of Nano SOI Wafer by Pseudo MOSFET." Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers 18, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 1075–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/jkem.2005.18.12.1075.

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Ayo, Victoria Ifeoluwa, Dickson Achimugu Musa, and Evans Chidi Egwim. "Extraction and characterization of type 1 collagen from the skin and scales of Heterotis niloticus and Lates niloticus." AROC in Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology 1, no. 2 (September 14, 2021): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53858/arocpb01020110.

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The study is aimed to extract and characterize collagens from the skin and scale of two selected Nigerian freshwater fish species (Heterotis niloticus and Lates niloticus) using either pepsin (PSC) or acid-soluble (ASC) extraction. The collagen was extracted using 0.5M acetic acid and pepsin. The collagen yield was determined and characterized by SDS PAGE, and FTIR. Collagen extraction yields varied with the extraction process; the yield was significantly higher in the skin (5.08±0.34–33.97±1.78 %) than in the scale (1.76–8.05 %). The absorption peaks of the extracted collagen using acetic acid and pepsin show that only ASC of skin (3344.27 cm-1) and scale (3495.85 cm-1) of H. niloticus shows the peaks characteristic of Amide A, while Amide B peaks of collagen extracted from the skin and scale of H. niloticus and L. niloticus were found at 2974.46 cm-1 and 2925.7 cm-1 , representing an asymmetrical stretch of CH2. Similarly, ASC on the skin (1558.36 cm-1) and scale (1576.46 cm-1) of H. niloticus shows the absorption peak characteristics of amide II. ASC on the skin of H. niloticus (1671.05 cm-1), PSC on scale of H. niloticus (1658.55 cm-1), and on scale of H. niloticus (1678.65 cm1) shows absorption peaks in range characteristic of amide 1. There were no differences in the skin and scale collagen profiles among the two fish species when characterized by SDS-PAGE. Our data revealed that the skin and scale of Lates niloticus and Heterotis niloticus could be a good alternative source of high-quality collagen for industries.

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Zhao, Ling Zhi, Xin Fang Lai, Qiao Li Niu, and Chang Ming Li. "Characterization of SEI Layer Formed on Tin Film Anode." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 1869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.1869.

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Tin thin film on Cu foil substrate as the anode of lithium ion battery was prepared by direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering. The surface morphology and the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is found that the SEI layer should be formed on the surface of the tin electrode after initial discharge processes, just like the carbon anode of lithium ion battery. The SEI layer undergoes continuous reformation during the initial cycles. The tin in the electrode can be covered completely by SEI layer after 3rd discharge process. The carbon in SEI layer is mainly in the form of -CO32- , which makes up about 54.5 at%.

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Alachkar, Bassem, Althea Wilkinson, and Keith Grainge. "Frequency Reference Stability and Coherence Loss in Radio Astronomy Interferometers Application to the SKA." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 07, no. 01 (March 2018): 1850001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171718500010.

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The requirements on the stability of the frequency reference in the square Kilometer array (SKA), as a radio astronomy interferometer, are given in terms of the maximum accepted degree of coherence loss caused by the instability of the frequency reference. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between the characterization of the instability of the frequency reference in the radio astronomy array and the coherence loss. The calculation of the coherence loss from the instability characterization given by the Allan deviation is reviewed. A model of a typical frequency distribution system is presented. The verification of the coherence and frequency reference stability requirements is discussed. Some practical aspects and limitations relevant to the SKA are analyzed.

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Gyung Lee, Eun, Lorenzo Cena, Jiwoon Kwon, Ali Afshari, HaeDong Park, Gary Casuccio, Kristin Bunker, et al. "Correction: Characterization of aerosolized particles from nanoclay-enabled composites during manipulation processes." Environmental Science: Nano 7, no. 6 (2020): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0en90027c.

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41

Vijay, Y. K. "SHI induced nano track polymer filters and characterization." Indian Journal of Physics 83, no. 7 (July 2009): 927–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12648-009-0050-y.

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42

Munson, Sibyl H., Mary T. Tremaine, Marsha J. Betley, and Rodney A. Welch. "Identification and Characterization of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Types G and I fromStaphylococcus aureus." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 7 (July 1, 1998): 3337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.7.3337-3348.1998.

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ABSTRACT Staphylococcal enterotoxins are exotoxins produced byStaphylococcus aureus that possess emetic and superantigenic properties. Prior to this research there were six characterized enterotoxins, staphylococcal enterotoxin types A to E and H (referred to as SEA to SEE and SEH). Two new staphylococcal enterotoxin genes have been identified and designated segand sei (staphylococcal enterotoxin types G and I, respectively). seg and sei consist of 777 and 729 nucleotides, respectively, encoding precursor proteins of 258 (SEG) and 242 (SEI) deduced amino acids. SEG and SEI have typical bacterial signal sequences that are cleaved to form toxins with 233 (SEG) and 218 (SEI, predicted) amino acids, corresponding to mature proteins of 27,043 Da (SEG) and 24,928 Da (SEI). Biological activities for SEG and SEI were determined with recombinant S. aureus strains. SEG and SEI elicited emetic responses in rhesus monkeys upon nasogastric administration and stimulated murine T-cell proliferation with the concomitant production of interleukin 2 (IL-2) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ), as measured by cytokine enzyme-linked immunoassays. SEG and SEI are related to other enterotoxins of S. aureus and to streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SpeA) and streptococcal superantigen (SSA) of Streptococcus pyogenes. Phylogenetic analysis and comparisons of amino acid and nucleotide sequence identities were performed on related staphylococcal and streptococcal protein toxins to group SEG and SEI among the characterized toxins. SEG is most similar to SpeA, SEB, SEC, and SSA (38 to 42% amino acid identity), while SEI is most similar to SEA, SEE, and SED (26 to 28% amino acid identity). Polyclonal antiserum was generated against purified histidine-tagged SEG and SEI (HisSEG and HisSEI). Immunoblot analysis of the enterotoxins, toxic-shock syndrome toxin 1, and SpeA with antiserum prepared against HisSEG and HisSEI revealed that SEG shares some epitopes with SEC1 while SEI does not.

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Ahmed, Kausar Begam Riaz, Roberto H. Nussenzveig, Andrew T. Chen, Josef T. Prchal, Charles J. Parker, Eric Gourley, Paul Severson, et al. "Preclinical Characterization of the JAK-2 Inhibitor, SGI-1252." Blood 112, no. 11 (November 16, 2008): 2629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.2629.2629.

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Abstract Discovery of somatic mutation of JAK-2 (G1849T that produces JAK-2V617F) in the hematopoietic cells of patients with Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative disorders (Ph−MPDs) was a watershed event that not only provided new insights into the pathobiology of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis but also identified a potential target for therapy. Herein we report the results of preclinical studies designed to characterize the activity of a novel inhibitor of JAK-2. The compound, SGI-1252, developed by SuperGen (Dublin, CA) incorporates with high affinity into the ATP-binding site of JAK-2. SGI-1252 was tested against a panel of 75 kinases and was found to have significant activity against only FLT-3, TYK-2 and the SRC family members, ABL, LCK, YES, in addition to JAK-2 and JAK-1. SGI-1252 has an IC50 for JAK-2 of 5.4 nM with an IC50 for JAK-2V617F of 19.7 nM. The inhibitor also effectively blocks the activity of JAK-1 (IC50 14.8 nM) but has little JAK-3 inhibitory activity (IC50 1,700 nM). SGI-1252 is a potent inhibitor of STAT-5 phosphorylation (EC50 76.2 nM) and was also found to block the JAK-2 dependent expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, BCL-XL (EC50 778 nM). Drug treatment of a murine cell line (FDCP) transfected with either human wild-type JAK-2 or JAK-2G1849Tgenerated IC50 values of 83 nM and 108 nM, respectively, and SGI-1252 treatment of human cell lines, HEL, UKE-1 and SET-2, that express mutant JAK2 in different copy numbers, gave IC50 values of 472 nM, 83 nM and 63 nM, repectively. When tested in ex-vivo expanded native human erythroid progenitor cells from 17 patients with Ph−MPDs (10 PV and 7 MF), SGI-1252 showed an IC50 of ~100 nM, regardless of the JAK-2V617F allele burden. Using a flow cytometric assay, SGI-1252 was shown to induce apoptotic cell death in a concentration dependent manner. Luminex technology allows for concurrent quantitative analysis of multiple proteins from the same tissue source, and this technology was used to investigate simultaneously the effects of SGI-1252 on total and phospho ERK1/2, total and phospho STAT3, phospho STAT5, caspase 3, cleaved PARP and GAPDH (control) in untreated and drug treated cells at IC50 and IC80 concentrations. Significant in vivo efficacy of SGI-1252 was also observed using HEL and MV-4-11 xenograft models when compared to treatment with vehicle or daunorubicin. Using a murine model, we found that SGI-1252 has high oral bioavailability and is well tolerated with a five-day repeat maximum dose of at least 900 mg/kg. Together, these studies demonstrate that SGI-1252 is a potent inhibitor of JAK-2 dependent proliferation in both JAK-2V617F positive cell lines and in ex vivo expanded erythroid progenitors derived from patients with JAK-2V617F positive Ph−MPDs. Moreover, our studies show that the effects of SGI-1252 are mediated by blocking both JAK-2 dependent anti-apoptoic pathways and JAK-2 dependent proliferative pathways. Using the orally available form of the compound, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and toxicity studies in mice suggest that serum concentration of the drug well above the predicted therapeutic range can be achieved without significant hematological toxicity. Based on these preclinical experiments, SGI-1252 appears to be an excellent candidate for phase I/II studies in patients with Ph−MPDs.

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Lillicrap, David. "Genetic Characterization of Hemophilia and Implications for Novel Therapies." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): SCI—9—SCI—9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.sci-9.sci-9.

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Abstract Abstract SCI-9 The genes encoding factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX) were cloned 25 years ago. Since then, substantial translational application of this knowledge has been witnessed. First, genetic analysis of hemophilia has enabled a detailed understanding of the types and patterns of mutation responsible for these conditions. This knowledge has provided important biological insights into the mechanisms underlying mutation generation and has also formed the basis for precise molecular diagnosis for hemophilia carriers and potentially affected fetuses. In addition, the hemophilic genotype is the best-characterized and strongest predictor for the development of inhibitor generation in previously untreated patients. The second benefit deriving from the genetic characterization of the hemophilias has been the production of recombinant coagulation factor concentrates. Over the past 20 years, the use of recombinant factor concentrates has increased dramatically and we are currently witnessing a flurry of activity to develop second-generation, enhanced concentrates. The major objective of these projects is to facilitate clotting factor prophylaxis through the production of concentrates whose half-lives are extended, thus reducing the frequency of factor administration. These endeavors are utilizing a variety of approaches, but most are focused on either chemical modification of the factors through polymer conjugates or the generation of fusion proteins with immunoglobulin or albumin to take advantage of the recycling function of the neonatal Fc receptor. The first wave of these new products is now undergoing early phase clinical studies, and while substantial benefits for FIX half-life extension appear achievable, FVIII half-life modification may be more challenging. Finally, molecular genetic knowledge of the hemophilias has resulted in the pursuit of strategies to utilize genetic approaches to effect long-term “cures” of the disease. These initiatives have resulted in several small phase I/II trials of viral vector-based gene transfer but have also formed the basis of mutation-specific therapies such as a translational read-through approach being undertaken in patients with nonsense mutations. Currently, two phase I/II trials are in progress with liver-directed AAV FIX gene transfer in which two different AAV serotypes are being evaluated. These studies follow on from two previous AAV clinical trials in which the major obstacle to clinical benefit appears to have been the host immune response to the vector. There is considerable interest in the outcomes of these new studies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Wang, Hai-Xu, Qingyun Wan, Kam-Hung Low, Cong-Ying Zhou, Jie-Sheng Huang, Jun-Long Zhang, and Chi-Ming Che. "Correction: Stable group 8 metal porphyrin mono- and bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity." Chemical Science 11, no. 22 (2020): 5837. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sc90103b.

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Correction for ‘Stable group 8 metal porphyrin mono- and bis(dialkylcarbene) complexes: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity’ by Hai-Xu Wang et al., Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, 2243–2259, DOI: 10.1039/C9SC05432D.

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Yaegashi, Junko, Jillian Romsdahl, Yi-Ming Chiang, and Clay C. C. Wang. "Correction: Genome mining and molecular characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster of a diterpenic meroterpenoid, 15-deoxyoxalicine B, in Penicillium canescens." Chemical Science 7, no. 3 (2016): 2440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6sc90012g.

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Correction for ‘Genome mining and molecular characterization of the biosynthetic gene cluster of a diterpenic meroterpenoid, 15-deoxyoxalicine B, in Penicillium canescens’ by Junko Yaegashi et al., Chem. Sci., 2015, 6, 6537–6544.

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Quinkler, Marcus, Robert D. Murray, Pinggao Zhang, Claudio Marelli, Robert Petermann, Andrea M. Isidori, Bertil Ekman, and _. _. "Characterization of patients with adrenal insufficiency and frequent adrenal crises." European Journal of Endocrinology 184, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 761–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-1324.

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Objective This study aimed to characterize the clinical and biochemical features of patients with primary (PAI) and secondary (SAI) adrenal insufficiency who developed adrenal crises (ACs) and estimate the incidence of ACs in these patients. Design Retrospective case-control analysis of the European Adrenal Insufficiency Registry (EU-AIR; NCT01661387). Methods Two thousand six hundred and ninety-four patients with AI (1054 PAI; 1640 SAI) enrolled in EU-AIR. Patients who developed ≥ 1 AC were matchd 1:3 with patients without ACs for age, sex and AI type. Data were collected at baseline and follow-up (mean ± s.d.: PAI 3.2 ± 1.7 years; SAI 2.9 ± 1.7 years). Results One hundred and forty-eight out of 2694 patients (5.5%; n = 84 PAI; n = 64 SAI) had an AC during the study: 6.53 (PAI) and 3.17 (SAI) ACs/100 patient-years. Of patients who experienced an AC, 16% (PAI) and 9.4% (SAI) experienced ≥ 1 AC/year. The incidence of adverse events, infectious intercurrent illnesses and infectious serious adverse events were higher in patients with ACs than without ACs. No differences were observed in BMI, HbA1c, blood pressure and frequencies of diabetes mellitus or hypertension between subgroups (PAI and SAI, with and without ACs). At baseline, PAI patients with AC had higher serum potassium (4.3 ± 0.5 vs 4.2 ± 0.4 mmol/L; P = 0.03) and lower sodium (138.5 ± 3.4 vs 139.7 ± 2.9 mmol/L; P = 0.004) than patients without AC. At last observation, SAI patients with AC had higher hydrocortisone doses than patients without AC (11.9 ± 5.1 vs 10.1 ± 2.9 mg/m2; P < 0.001). Conclusions These results demonstrate that concomitant diseases and cardiovascular risk factors do not feature in the risk profile of AC; however, patients with AC had a higher incidence of infectious events.

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Ertem Kaya, Filiz, and Ayşe Yavuz. "Harmonic curvatures of the strip in Minkowski space." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 11, no. 04 (August 2018): 1850061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557118500614.

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This study aimed to give definitions and relations between strip theory and harmonic curvatures of the strip in Minkowski space. Previously, the same was done in Euclidean Space (see [F. Ertem Kaya, Y. Yayli and H. H. Hacısalihoglu, A characterization of cylindrical helix strip, Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Ser. A1 59(2) (2010) 37–51]). The present paper gives for the first time a generic characterization of the harmonic curvatures of the strip, helix strip and inclined strip in Minkowski space.

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Veryovkin, I. V., C. E. Tripa, A. V. Zinovev, S. V. Baryshev, Y. Li, and D. P. Abraham. "TOF SIMS characterization of SEI layer on battery electrodes." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 332 (August 2014): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2014.02.098.

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50

Adeoti, O. M., and A. T. Usman. "The Molecular Characterization of Rhizobacteria Isolates from Saki, Nigeria." European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2, no. 2 (March 18, 2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.2.159.

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Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are important in the agricultural sector. Although different microorganism live in the soil but thrive in PGPR rhizosphere zones, improve the production and protection to them from diseases by production of metabolites, volatile compounds and phytohormones and Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR). This study was aimed at isolating and characterize molecularly the bacteria from the rhizosphere of pepper (Capsicum annuum), vegetable (Spinacia oleracea), rice (Oryza sativa) grown in Saki. The rhizosphere sample of pepper, rice and vegetable were collected between the hours of 1:40-2:00pm. The colonial characteristics, Gram staining techniques, biochemical test were carried out. The isolates were tested against eight antibiotics (Ceftriaxone, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime, Ofloxacin, Augmentin, Cefuroxime, Erythromycin, and Cloxacillin) by using disc diffusion method. PCR techniques and subsequent use of sanger method was used for sequencing. DNA extract was obtained using the lysozyme-SDS-phenol chloroform method in the prepared kits by Jena Bioscience. Amplification of the 16S rRNA gene was performed with the use of T1-Thermocycler PCR machine with 1492R primers pA (5′-TAC GGYBTAC CTT GTT ACG ACT T3′) and 27F primers pH (5′-AGAGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG3'). This Primer was used for PCR amplification of 16S rRNA gene. All bacterial isolates were catalase (+) and indole (-). Antibiotics screening showed that all isolates resist most of the antibiotics except Ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin while sample 1, 2, 5 and 6was susceptible to Gentamicin. Six bacterial isolates obtained were characterized on molecular basis of 16S rRNA sequencing. The identified isolates were: Bacillus thuringensis B. weidmanii, B. cereus.

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