Journal articles: 'SKEW BEHAVIOR'

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Marsh, Aaron K., Kyle M. Rollins, Bryan Franke, Jaycee Smith, and Katie Palmer. "Passive Force–Deflection Behavior for 0° and 30° Skewed Abutments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2363, no. 1 (January 2013): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2363-02.

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Accounting for seismic forces and thermal expansion in bridge design requires an accurate passive force–deflection relationship for the abutment wall. Current design codes make no allowance for skew effects on passive force; however, small-scale experimental results indicate a significant reduction in peak passive force as skew angle increases for plane-strain cases. To explore this issue further, large-scale field tests were conducted at skew angles of 0° and 30° with unconfined backfill geometry. The abutment back wall was 11 ft (3.35 m) wide by 5.5 ft (1.68 m) high, and backfill material consisted of dense, compacted sand. The peak passive force for the 30° skew was found to be 58% of the peak passive force for the 0° skew case, which was in good agreement with the available laboratory and numerical results; however, the small difference between field and available laboratory results suggests that backfill geometry may have some effect on the reduction in peak passive force with respect to skew angle. Longitudinal displacement of the back wall at the peak passive force was found to be between 3% and 5% of the back wall height for field tests of both the 0° and 30° skew, which was consistent with previously reported values for large-scale passive force–deflection tests. For both tests, the failure geometry extended approximately 4 to 5 ft (1.22 to 1.52 m) beyond the edge of the pile cap and 16 to 18 ft (4.88 to 5.49 m) from the face of the cap when measured perpendicular to the back wall.

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Azikov, N. S., and Yu V. Gaidarzhi. "POSTBUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF SKEW COMPOSITE PLATES." Composites: Mechanics, Computations, Applications, An International Journal 3, no. 2 (2012): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/compmechcomputapplintj.v3.i2.50.

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Lu, Jennifer, and Steven L. Salzberg. "SkewIT: The Skew Index Test for large-scale GC Skew analysis of bacterial genomes." PLOS Computational Biology 16, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): e1008439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008439.

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GC skew is a phenomenon observed in many bacterial genomes, wherein the two replication strands of the same chromosome contain different proportions of guanine and cytosine nucleotides. Here we demonstrate that this phenomenon, which was first discovered in the mid-1990s, can be used today as an analysis tool for the 15,000+ complete bacterial genomes in NCBI’s Refseq library. In order to analyze all 15,000+ genomes, we introduce a new method, SkewIT (Skew Index Test), that calculates a single metric representing the degree of GC skew for a genome. Using this metric, we demonstrate how GC skew patterns are conserved within certain bacterial phyla, e.g. Firmicutes, but show different patterns in other phylogenetic groups such as Actinobacteria. We also discovered that outlier values of SkewIT highlight potential bacterial mis-assemblies. Using our newly defined metric, we identify multiple mis-assembled chromosomal sequences in previously published complete bacterial genomes. We provide a SkewIT web app https://jenniferlu717.shinyapps.io/SkewIT/ that calculates SkewI for any user-provided bacterial sequence. The web app also provides an interactive interface for the data generated in this paper, allowing users to further investigate the SkewI values and thresholds of the Refseq-97 complete bacterial genomes. Individual scripts for analysis of bacterial genomes are provided in the following repository: https://github.com/jenniferlu717/SkewIT.

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Chen, Chao Wei. "Analysis on the Mechanical Behavior of the Pile Base of Integral Abutment Skew Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 1203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1203.

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Ansys, the large-scale general FE program, was used to establish computational models of 3×16m-long integral abutment skew bridge with different skew angle to analyze the mechanical characteristics of pile base under the temperature load. Through the analysis of parameters, some helpful conclusions, which would pave the way for further exploration on mechanical behavior of integral abutment skew bridge, were reached.

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5

Okada, Tatsuya. "Asymptotic Behavior of Skew Conditional Heat Kernels on Graph Networks." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 45, no. 4 (August 1, 1993): 863–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1993-049-6.

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AbstractIn this note, we will consider the heat propagation on locally finite graph networks which satisfy a skew condition on vertices (See Definition of Section 2). For several periodic models, we will construct the heat kernels Pt with the skew condition explicitly, and derive the decay order of Pt as time goes to infinity.

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Abid, Salah, Uday Quaez, and Javier Contreras-Reyes. "An Information-Theoretic Approach for Multivariate Skew-t Distributions and Applications." Mathematics 9, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9020146.

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Shannon and Rényi entropies are two important measures of uncertainty for data analysis. These entropies have been studied for multivariate Student-t and skew-normal distributions. In this paper, we extend the Rényi entropy to multivariate skew-t and finite mixture of multivariate skew-t (FMST) distributions. This class of flexible distributions allows handling asymmetry and tail weight behavior simultaneously. We find upper and lower bounds of Rényi entropy for these families. Numerical simulations illustrate the results for several scenarios: symmetry/asymmetry and light/heavy-tails. Finally, we present applications of our findings to a swordfish length-weight dataset to illustrate the behavior of entropies of the FMST distribution. Comparisons with the counterparts—the finite mixture of multivariate skew-normal and normal distributions—are also presented.

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Abid, Salah, Uday Quaez, and Javier Contreras-Reyes. "An Information-Theoretic Approach for Multivariate Skew-t Distributions and Applications." Mathematics 9, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9020146.

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Shannon and Rényi entropies are two important measures of uncertainty for data analysis. These entropies have been studied for multivariate Student-t and skew-normal distributions. In this paper, we extend the Rényi entropy to multivariate skew-t and finite mixture of multivariate skew-t (FMST) distributions. This class of flexible distributions allows handling asymmetry and tail weight behavior simultaneously. We find upper and lower bounds of Rényi entropy for these families. Numerical simulations illustrate the results for several scenarios: symmetry/asymmetry and light/heavy-tails. Finally, we present applications of our findings to a swordfish length-weight dataset to illustrate the behavior of entropies of the FMST distribution. Comparisons with the counterparts—the finite mixture of multivariate skew-normal and normal distributions—are also presented.

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8

Azmir, Azra Ariel, Ni Made Ary Esta Dewi Wirastuti, and Komang Oka Saputra. "Review methods for clock skew measurement." MATRIX : Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi dan Informatika 12, no. 3 (November 30, 2022): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/matrix.v12i3.117-122.

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Clock skew is the deviation of the clock from the true time, which makes it an important role in time information. Clock skew is unavoidable and causes each clock to run at a different speed, so there is a very slight difference between them, but it can still be observed properly. The known properties of clock skew make it potential research for many experts, such as Paxson, Aoki, and Huang. To produce a more accurate clock skew measurement, this study uses the ant colony optimization method by adopting the behavior of an ant colony in searching for food by choosing the path with the shortest route, which will become the cluster offset as a material for measuring clock skew. Ant colony optimization method has the most potential to be adapted in clock skew measurement because the cluster offset is not affected by the upper and the bottom outliers to produce an accurate clock skew measurement.

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9

Huang, Xin Yi, Yan Jiang Chen, and Wei Dong Zhuo. "Simplified Seismic Response Assessment Method and Parametric Study of Multi-Girder Skew Bridges." Key Engineering Materials 456 (December 2010): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.456.77.

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A simplified grillage bridge model suitable for parametric study of skew bridge is presented, and the formulae for computing the seismic response of skew bridges are developed. Considering the existence of crossbeams and elastic bearings, the effects of stiffness eccentricity ratios, frequency ratios, the number of beams and skew angles are assessed using response spectrum analysis. The results show that the natural frequencies and mode shapes depend mainly on the stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratios. The study also demonstrates that the seismic response of skew bridge is influenced quite noticeably by stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratio. The maximum seismic response of skew bridge can be reduced by increasing stiffness eccentricity ratio and frequency ratio. Based on this study, a theory to evaluate the dynamic behavior and seismic response of skew bridges is presented and it can be conveniently applied in bridge seismic design.

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OBATA, Shigeru, Kazutaka SATO, Satoshi SHIRASAWA, Shigeo YANABE, and Hui CHENG. "429 Research on Skew Behavior of Endless Belt." Proceedings of Yamanashi District Conference 2000 (2000): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeyamanashi.2000.121.

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11

Singha, Maloy K., L. S. Ramachandra, and J. N. Bandyopadhyay. "Vibration behavior of thermally stressed composite skew plate." Journal of Sound and Vibration 296, no. 4-5 (October 2006): 1093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2006.01.070.

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12

Souza, Josiney A. "On limit behavior of skew-product transformation semigroups." Mathematische Nachrichten 287, no. 1 (July 29, 2013): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mana.201200190.

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13

TAJ, M. N. A. GULSHAN, and ANUPAM CHAKRABARTI. "BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED SKEW PLATES: AN EFFICIENT FINITE ELEMENT APPROACH." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 05, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825113500415.

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In the present study, an attempt has been made to present the Co finite element formulation based on third order shear deformation theory for buckling analysis of functionally graded material skew plate under thermo-mechanical environment. Here, prime emphasis has been given to study the influence of skew angle on the buckling behavior of functionally graded plate. Two dissimilar homogenization schemes, namely Mori–Tanaka scheme and Voigt rule of mixture are employed to sketch their influence for the interpretation of data. Temperature-dependent material properties of the constituents of the plate are considered to perform thermal analysis. Numerical examples are solved using different mixture of ceramic and metal plates to generate the new results and relative imperative conclusions are highlighted. The roles played by the different factors like loading condition, volume fraction index, skew angle, boundary condition, aspect ratio, thickness ratio and homogenization schemes on buckling behavior of the FGM skew plates are presented in the form of tables and figures.

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14

Chen, Min, Zhong Chu Tian, and Guo Liang Zeng. "The Program Design of the Variable Cross-Section of Concrete Continuous Skew Beam Bridge." Key Engineering Materials 400-402 (October 2008): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.400-402.633.

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In practical engineering, we often encounter designs of variable cross-section or compound section skew girder bridge. While in many bibliographies, uniform cross-section of the concrete beams studying was carried out, but few of variable cross-section concrete beams were in-depth studied. Based on analyzing the mechanical behavior of variable cross-section beam skew girder bridge, the semi-analytic solution of variable cross-section beam skew girder bridges were provided in this paper. With this method developed a planar computation program to resolve the calculation problems of skew girder bridge, a more convenient way will be brought up for designers in calculation.

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15

Liu, Xueshan, Wei Guo, Jianzhong Li, and Hua Zhang. "Seismic Study of Skew Bridge Supported on Laminated-Rubber Bearings." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (November 18, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8899693.

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Skew bridges consisting of simply supported girders, continuous decks, and laminated-rubber bearings are widely used in western China; however, they are highly vulnerable to strong earthquakes. To investigate the seismic performance of skew bridges considering the sliding behavior of laminated-rubber bearings, the Duxiufeng Bridge located in Sichuan, China, was used as a prototype bridge. This bridge is a skew bridge that suffered seismic damage during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The possible seismic response of this skew bridge under the Wenchuan earthquake was simulated, and the postearthquake repair methods were analyzed considering the effects of bearing types and cable restrainers. Parametric studies, using the finite element method, were also performed to investigate the effects of the skew angle and friction coefficient of the bearings on the seismic response of the skew bridge. The results indicate that pin-free bearings could effectively control the seismic displacement of the bridge, and the cable restrainers with an appropriate stiffness could significantly reduce the longitudinal residual displacements. The effect of skew angles is less significant on skew bridges with laminated-rubber bearings than on rigid-frame skew bridges because of the sliding between the girders and bearings. The residual displacements of the bearings were more sensitive to the variation in the friction coefficient between the laminated-rubber bearings and the girders compared to the maximum seismic displacements.

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16

Budiman, Budiman. "STUDY ON FREE VIBRATION OF SKEW PLATE USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD." International Journal of Civil Engineering and Infrastructure 2, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/ijcei.2.2.28-36.

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A numerical procedure is presented for free vibration analysis of skew plates using the finite element method. The finite element method is a tool used by many researchers to analyze plates element and gives good results. In this research, the natural frequency of the plate is obtained through free vibration analysis, the analysis utilizes skew plate elements with several skew angles and varying length to thickness ratios. The reference solution in the literature will be used as a comparison to obtain the convergence behavior of the plate element.

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17

Tomar, Sanjay Singh, and Mohammad Talha. "On the flexural and vibration behavior of imperfection sensitive higher order functionally graded material skew sandwich plates in thermal environment." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 4 (March 29, 2018): 1271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406218766959.

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This work presents an investigation on the flexural and vibration behavior of imperfection sensitive higher order functionally graded material skew sandwich plates in thermal environment. Material properties have been assumed to be temperature dependent and graded in transverse direction following the power law distribution. Reddy’s higher order shear deformation theory has been used to model displacement field kinematics of skew sandwich plate. Variational principle has been used for deriving the governing equations. Finite element methodology has been adopted to discretize plate domain. Convergence and comparison studies have been performed to demonstrate the reliability of present formulation. Effect of various system parameters such as thickness ratio, volume fraction index, skew angle, imperfection parameter, and boundary conditions on the flexural and vibration response have been investigated.

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18

Ashiquzzaman, Md, Li Hui, Ahmed Ibrahim, Will Lindquist, Nader Panahshahi, and Riyadh Hindi. "Exterior girder rotation of skew and non-skew bridges during construction." Advances in Structural Engineering 24, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220945061.

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In bridge design, bridge decks regularly overhang past the exterior girders in arrange to extend the width of the deck whereas constraining the specified number of girders. The overhanging part of the deck comes about in uneven eccentric loads to the exterior girders which are by and large most prominent. These eccentric loads are primarily a result of bridge construction operations as well as the weight of new concrete and other construction live loads. These unbalanced loads can lead to a differential edge deflection of overhang deck and a rotation of the exterior girders. The girder rotation or differential deck deflection can also affect local and global stability of the entire bridge. The objective of this study is to enhance the knowledge and understanding of external girder behavior due to unbalanced eccentric construction loads and to identify the critical factors affecting their rotation. In this article, field data obtained during the construction of two skewed (one with a small skew (3.8°) and the second with a severe skew (24°)) and one non-skewed steel girder bridges are described, and a detailed comparison is presented. The three bridges experienced maximum outward exterior girder rotation during construction which subsequently decreased following construction operations. The field results were used to validate and calibrate the finite element models. The numerical and field-monitored data showed good agreement and can be used to assist bridge designers and construction engineers to design appropriate systems to limit girder rotation during construction.

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19

Mackey, Michael C., and Marta Tyran-Kamińska. "Central limit theorem behavior in the skew tent map." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 38, no. 3 (November 2008): 789–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2007.01.013.

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20

Upadhyay, A. K., and K. K. Shukla. "Post-buckling behavior of composite and sandwich skew plates." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 55 (October 2013): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2013.05.010.

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21

Johnstone, Woodroffe, Cant, and Wright. "Reproductive Skew in Multimember Groups." American Naturalist 153, no. 3 (1999): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2463827.

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22

Buwono, Haryo Koco, and Budiman Budiman. "NATURAL FREQUENCY OF SKEW PLATES USING FIRST-ORDER SHEAR DEFORMATION THEORY." International Journal of Civil Engineering and Infrastructure 1, no. 2 (February 15, 2022): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/ijcei.1.2.42-53.

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This paper presents the free vibration analysis of skew plates based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The development of finite element plates based on first-order shear deformation plate theory has been carried out and provides good results in plate element analysis. In this study, we investigate plate analysis in the case of free vibration to obtain natural frequency using one of the plate elements developed based on FSDT, numerical analysis was performed on skew plates case with varying skew angles and length to thickness ratios, the result will be used to see the convergence behavior and performance of plate element by comparing with the reference solution in the literature.

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23

WU, W. X., C. SHU, C. M. WANG, and Y. XIANG. "FREE VIBRATION AND BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF HIGHLY SKEWED PLATES BY LEAST SQUARES-BASED FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 10, no. 02 (June 2010): 225–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021945541000349x.

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It is well-known that stress singularities occur at the obtuse corners of skew plates, especially when the skew angles are large. Owing to the stress singularities, accurate bending results, vibration frequencies and buckling loads of highly skewed plates are difficult to obtain accurately. In this paper, the mesh-free least squares-based finite difference (LSFD) method is proposed for solving the free vibration and buckling problems of highly skewed plates. As such vibration and buckling results are scarce in the open literature, the method was verified by comparing the LSFD solutions with existing ones having a skew angle θ ≤ 70°, or by carrying out convergence studies. The vibration and buckling results for plates with very large skew angle (θ = 80°) are presented for the first time. The close agreement observed in the comparison studies and the good convergence behavior of the LSFD solutions provide the confidence that these vibration and buckling results predicted by the LSFD method are of good accuracy.

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El-Ariss, Bilal, Moustafa Mansour, and Tamer El-Maaddawy. "Effects of Web Height Reduction and Skew Angle Variation on Behavior of RC Inverted T-Beams." Buildings 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2021): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11100451.

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The use of precast inverted T-beams has been frequently used to minimize construction activities and installation time. However, shipping and placement of large invert T-beams can become challenging tasks due to their weight. Decreasing the web height of the beam can be effective in reducing the beam weight. This paper considers inverted T-beams with two overhangs, negative moment regions, and one span, a positive moment region. The examined parameters were the web height and skew angle of the inverted T-beams. To avoid high costs of testing beams and to save time, the application of numerical modeling is, hence, inevitable. A calibrated 3D nonlinear numerical model, using ATENA software, was further used to numerically investigate the effects of reducing the weight, by decreasing the web height and varying the skew angle of inverted T-beams on their structural performance. The outcomes of this study indicated that reducing the web height of the beam was an effective tool to reduce the weight without jeopardizing the strength of the beams. Increasing the skew angle of the inverted T-beam also decreased their ductility.

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25

Civalek, Ömer. "Elastic buckling behavior of skew shaped single-layer graphene sheets." Thin Solid Films 550 (January 2014): 450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.10.021.

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Ryjáček, Pavel, Michal Polák, Tomáš Plachý, and Jiří Kašpárek. "The dynamic behavior of the extremely skew railway bridge “Oskar“." Procedia Structural Integrity 5 (2017): 1051–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2017.07.069.

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FUJII, Makoto, Youichi NAGASAKI, and Minoru NOHARA. "Differences in Dynamic Behavior between Straight and Skew Bevel Gears." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 63, no. 613 (1997): 3229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.63.3229.

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28

Adcock, C. J. "The Linear Skew-t Distribution and Its Properties." Stats 6, no. 1 (February 23, 2023): 381–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/stats6010024.

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The aim of this expository paper is to present the properties of the linear skew-t distribution, which is a specific example of a symmetry modulated-distribution. The skewing function remains the distribution function of Student’s t, but its argument is simpler than that used for the standard skew-t. The linear skew-t offers different insights, for example, different moments and tail behavior, and can be simpler to use for empirical work. It is shown that the distribution may be expressed as a hidden truncation model. The paper describes an extended version of the distribution that is analogous to the extended skew-t. For certain parameter values, the distribution is bimodal. The paper presents expressions for the moments of the distribution and shows that numerical integration methods are required. A multivariate version of the distribution is described. The bivariate version of the distribution may also be bimodal. The distribution is not closed under marginalization, and stochastic ordering is not satisfied. The properties of the distribution are illustrated with numerous examples of the density functions, table of moments and critical values. The results in this paper suggest that the linear skew-t may be useful for some applications, but that it should be used with care for methodological work.

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Clutton-Brock, T. H. "Reproductive skew, concessions and limited control." Trends in Ecology & Evolution 13, no. 7 (July 1998): 288–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01402-5.

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Contreras-Reyes, Javier E., Mohsen Maleki, and Daniel Devia Cortés. "Skew-Reflected-Gompertz Information Quantifiers with Application to Sea Surface Temperature Records." Mathematics 7, no. 5 (May 6, 2019): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7050403.

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The Skew-Reflected-Gompertz (SRG) distribution, introduced by Hosseinzadeh et al. (J. Comput. Appl. Math. (2019) 349, 132–141), produces two-piece asymmetric behavior of the Gompertz (GZ) distribution, which extends the positive to a whole dominion by an extra parameter. The SRG distribution also permits a better fit than its well-known classical competitors, namely the skew-normal and epsilon-skew-normal distributions, for data with a high presence of skewness. In this paper, we study information quantifiers such as Shannon and Rényi entropies, and Kullback–Leibler divergence in terms of exact expressions of GZ information measures. We find the asymptotic test useful to compare two SRG-distributed samples. Finally, as a real-world data example, we apply these results to South Pacific sea surface temperature records.

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Ara, Anderson, and Francisco Louzada. "Alpha Skew Gaussian Naïve Bayes Classifier." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 21, no. 01 (October 12, 2021): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622021500644.

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The main goal of this paper is to introduce a new procedure for a naïve Bayes classifier, namely alpha skew Gaussian naïve Bayes (ASGNB), which is based on a flexible generalization of the Gaussian distribution applied to continuous variables. As a direct advantage, this method can accommodate the possibility to handle with asymmetry in the uni or bimodal behavior. We provide the estimation procedure of this method, and we check the predictive performance when compared to other traditional classification methods using simulation studies and many real datasets with different application fields. The ASGNB is a powerful alternative to classification tasks when lie the presence of asymmetry of bimodality in the data and outperforms well when compared to other traditional classification methods in most of the cases analyzed.

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Sasu, Adina Luminiţa, and Bogdan Sasu. "Translation Invariant Spaces and Asymptotic Properties of Variational Equations." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2011 (2011): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/539026.

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We present a new perspective concerning the study of the asymptotic behavior of variational equations by employing function spaces techniques. We give a complete description of the dichotomous behaviors of the most general case of skew-product flows, without any assumption concerning the flow, the cocycle or the splitting of the state space, our study being based only on the solvability of some associated control systems between certain function spaces. The main results do not only point out new necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of uniform and exponential dichotomy of skew-product flows, but also provide a clear chart of the connections between the classes of translation invariant function spaces that play the role of the input or output classes with respect to certain control systems. Finally, we emphasize the significance of each underlying hypothesis by illustrative examples and present several interesting applications.

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Arevalillo, Jorge M., and Hilario Navarro. "New Insights on the Multivariate Skew Exponential Power Distribution." Mathematica Slovaca 73, no. 2 (March 31, 2023): 529–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ms-2023-0039.

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ABSTRACT The multivariate exponential power is a useful distribution for modeling departures from normality in data by means of a tail weight scalar parameter that regulates the non-normality of the model. The incorporation of a shape asymmetry vector into the model serves to account for potential asymmetries and gives rise to the multivariate skew exponential power distribution. This work is aimed at revisiting the skew exponential power distribution taking as a starting point its formulation as a scale mixture of skew-normal distributions. The paper provides some highlights and theoretical insights on the role played by its parameters to assess two complementary aspects of the multivariate non-normality such as directional asymmetry and tail weight behavior regardless of the asymmetry. The intuition behind both issues relies on well-known mathematical ideas about skewness maximization and convex transform stochastic orderings.

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JOHNSTONE, RUFUS A., and MICHAEL A. CANT. "Reproductive skew and indiscriminate infanticide." Animal Behaviour 57, no. 1 (January 1999): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1998.0952.

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LERMAN, L. M. "REMARKS ON SKEW PRODUCTS OVER IRRATIONAL ROTATIONS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 15, no. 11 (November 2005): 3675–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127405014118.

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We prove several results of the orbit behavior of skew product diffeomorphisms generated by quasi-periodic differential systems. The first diffeomorphism is derived from a periodic differential equation on the circle by means of a construction proposed by Z. Opial to get a scalar quasi-periodic equation with all its solutions bounded but without an almost periodic solution. We consider both possible cases for the irrational rotation number, transitive and singular (intransitive). The main result for a transitive case is that the related skew product diffeomorphism has a foliation into invariant curves with pure irrational rotation on each curve (being the same for each curve). For intransitive case, we get invariant sets of two types: a collection of continuous invariant curves and invariant sets being dimensionally inhomogeneous ones.Section 3 is devoted to perturbations of a skew product diffeomorphism over an irrational rotation being initially foliated into invariant curves. We prove an analog of Poincaré–Pontryagin theorem which sets conditions when a perturbation of a one-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian system (given in an annulus and written down in action-angle variables) has limit cycles. Our theorem provides sufficient conditions when a perturbation of a foliated skew product diffeomorphism has isolated invariant curves (asymptotically stable or unstable).In Sec. 4 we present some results on the geometry of skew product diffeomorphisms derived by a quasi-periodic Riccati equation.

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Maarefdoust, Mahdi, and Mehran Kadkhodayan. "Nonlinear elastic/plastic buckling analysis of thick/thin skew plates under uniaxial and biaxial loading." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 229, no. 16 (December 11, 2014): 2854–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406214564411.

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In this study, elastic/plastic buckling analysis of thick skew plates subjected to uniaxial compression or biaxial compression/tension loading using the generalized differential quadrature method is presented for the first time. The governing differential equations are derived based on the incremental and deformation theories of plasticity and first-order shear deformation theory. The elastic/plastic behavior of the plates is described by the Ramberg–Osgood model. Generalized differential quadrature discretization rules in association with an exact coordinate transformation are simultaneously used to transform and discretize the equilibrium equations and the related boundary conditions. The results are compared with the previously published data to verify the established methodology and procedures. The effect of skew angle and thickness ratio on the convergence and accuracy of the method are studied. Moreover, the effects of aspect, loading and thickness ratios, skew angle, incremental, and deformation theories and different types of boundary conditions on the buckling coefficients are presented in detail. The results show that the difference between the incremental and deformation theories becomes greater with increasing thickness ratio and constraints at boundary conditions. Furthermore, the skew angle also has an important effect on differences between those theories.

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Gebhardt-Henrich, Sabine G., Ariane Stratmann, and Marian Stamp Dawkins. "Groups and Individuals: Optical Flow Patterns of Broiler Chicken Flocks Are Correlated with the Behavior of Individual Birds." Animals 11, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020568.

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Group level measures of welfare flocks have been criticized on the grounds that they give only average measures and overlook the welfare of individual animals. However, we here show that the group-level optical flow patterns made by broiler flocks can be used to deliver information not just about the flock averages but also about the proportion of individuals in different movement categories. Mean optical flow provides information about the average movement of the whole flock while the variance, skew and kurtosis quantify the variation between individuals. We correlated flock optical flow patterns with the behavior and welfare of a sample of 16 birds per flock in two runway tests and a water (latency-to-lie) test. In the runway tests, there was a positive correlation between the average time taken to complete the runway and the skew and kurtosis of optical flow on day 28 of flock life (on average slow individuals came from flocks with a high skew and kurtosis). In the water test, there was a positive correlation between the average length of time the birds remained standing and the mean and variance of flock optical flow (on average, the most mobile individuals came from flocks with the highest mean). Patterns at the flock level thus contain valuable information about the activity of different proportions of the individuals within a flock.

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Yoshiba, Toshinao, Takaaki Koike, and Shogo Kato. "On a Measure of Tail Asymmetry for the Bivariate Skew-Normal Copula." Symmetry 15, no. 7 (July 13, 2023): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15071410.

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Asymmetry in the upper and lower tails is an important feature in modeling bivariate distributions. This article focuses on the log ratio between the tail probabilities at upper and lower corners as a measure of tail asymmetry. Asymptotic behavior of this measure at extremely large and small thresholds is explored with particular emphasis on the skew-normal copula. Our numerical studies reveal that, when the correlation or skewness parameters are around at the boundary values, some asymptotic tail approximations of the skew-normal copulas proposed in the literature are not suitable to compute the measure of tail asymmetry with practically extremal thresholds.

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Sasu, Bogdan. "On Dichotomous Behavior of Variational Difference Equations and Applications." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2009 (2009): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/140369.

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We give new and very general characterizations for uniform exponential dichotomy of variational difference equations in terms of the admissibility of pairs of sequence spaces overℕwith respect to an associated control system. We establish in the variational case the connections between the admissibility of certain pairs of sequence spaces overℕand the admissibility of the corresponding pairs of sequence spaces overℤ. We apply our results to the study of the existence of exponential dichotomy of linear skew-product flows.

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Ahn, Jae Seok, Kwang Ik Son, Kwang Sung Woo, and Young Shik Shin. "Singular Behavior of Laminated Skew Composite Materials with Cross-Ply Stacking." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1640–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1640.

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This study deals with effects depending on skew angles in skewed-laminated composite materials in macroscopic point of view. Based on higher-order approximation of displacements, subparametric layer-wise finite elements are used to analyze skewed-laminated composite systems. The elements have higher-order shape functions derived from the Lobatto shape functions. The modes of the elements are classified into three groups such as vertex, side, and internal modes. The vertex modes have physical meaning, while side and internal modes with respect to the increase of order of the Lobatto shape functions do not have physical meaning but improve accuracy of analysis. Therefore, fixing mesh arrangement of present analysis, the quality of the analysis can be enhanced without re-meshing work. The approach based on p-version of finite element method is implemented with three-dimensional elasticity theory, while shape functions are developed by combination of one- and two-dimensional shape functions, not using three-dimensional shape functions. Using the accurate and practical proposed technique, macroscopic behavior of skewed-laminated composite materials is investigated.

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Park, T., S. Y. Lee, J. W. Seo, and G. Z. Voyiadjis. "Structural dynamic behavior of skew sandwich plates with laminated composite faces." Composites Part B: Engineering 39, no. 2 (March 2008): 316–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2007.01.003.

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SONODA, Tetsuya, Fumihiro NAKASHIGE, Masaaki TAKAI, Minoru TAKAHASHI, and Shigeo YANABE. "2206 Evaluation of Belt Skew Behavior in an Image Formation Device." Proceedings of the Conference on Information, Intelligence and Precision Equipment : IIP 2008 (2008): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeiip.2008.293.

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Cant and Johnstone. "Power Struggles, Dominance Testing, and Reproductive Skew." American Naturalist 155, no. 3 (2000): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3078875.

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Joseph, Shince V., and SC Mohanty. "Buckling and free vibration analysis of skew sandwich plates with viscoelastic core and functionally graded material constraining layer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 233, no. 1 (August 25, 2017): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410017727024.

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The present study is concerned with the free vibration and buckling analysis of a skew sandwich plate with a viscoelastic material core fixed between a functionally graded material constraining layer and a base layer of elastic material. The sandwich plate theory is followed to obtain the governing equations of motion in which the displacement fields of the viscoelastic core are assumed to have a linear variation between those of the two face layers. Finite element method based on first-order shear deformation theory is used to develop the governing equations of motion of the plate. The effects of different parameters such as skew angle, aspect ratio, thickness ratio, and volume fraction index on static and dynamic characteristics of the plate are examined. The increase in the skew angle has increasing effect on both natural the frequencies and critical buckling loads, whereas the fundamental loss factor decreases. The volume fraction index and various boundary conditions also have significant effects on the static and dynamic behavior of the plate.

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Laghmach, R., H. El Hadfi, B. Maroufi, and M. Daoud. "Fisher and skew information for two-qubit Bell states under decoherence effects." International Journal of Quantum Information 18, no. 04 (June 2020): 2050018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749920500185.

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We give the explicit expressions of quantum Fisher information and skew information for a two-qubit Bell states. We investigate their dynamics under the decoherence effects: phase-damping channel, depolarizing channel and amplitude-damping channel. We also discuss the thermal entanglement quantified by Wootters concurrence for these three decoherence channels and we compare its dynamical behavior with the quantum Fisher information and skew information. We then use this comparison to investigate the influence of noisy channels on thermal entanglement and its role in boosting the performance of metrology protocols. It is shown that the correlations in two-qubit Bell states are more resistant to phase-damping channel and depolarizing channels.

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Montoya, José A., and Gudelia Figueroa-Preciado. "FLAT LIKELIHOODS: THE SKEW NORMAL DISTRIBUTION CASE." Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias 11, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rev.fac.cienc.v11n2.99967.

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Several references argue in favor of alternative estimation methods, rather than the likelihood one, when the likelihood function exhibits flat regions. However, in the case of the skew normal distribution we present a discussion describing the interpretation of those flat likelihoods. This distribution is widely used in several interesting applications and contains the normal distribution as a nested model and the half-normal as an embedded model. Here, we show that flat likelihoods provide relevant information that should be carefully analyzed before discarding its use and proposing other estimation methods. Two well-known examples, that have been reported as troublesome, are analyzed here, including also an exhaustive computational study. The analysis of different scenarios allows to understand not only the reason of this likelihood function shape, but also to discover the information this behavior provides.

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Neethling, Ané, Johan Ferreira, Andriëtte Bekker, and Mehrdad Naderi. "Skew Generalized Normal Innovations for the AR(p) Process Endorsing Asymmetry." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (July 29, 2020): 1253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081253.

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The assumption of symmetry is often incorrect in real-life statistical modeling due to asymmetric behavior in the data. This implies a departure from the well-known assumption of normality defined for innovations in time series processes. In this paper, the autoregressive (AR) process of order p (i.e., the AR(p) process) is of particular interest using the skew generalized normal (SGN) distribution for the innovations, referred to hereafter as the ARSGN(p) process, to accommodate asymmetric behavior. This behavior presents itself by investigating some properties of the SGN distribution, which is a fundamental element for AR modeling of real data that exhibits non-normal behavior. Simulation studies illustrate the asymmetry and statistical properties of the conditional maximum likelihood (ML) parameters for the ARSGN(p) model. It is concluded that the ARSGN(p) model accounts well for time series processes exhibiting asymmetry, kurtosis, and heavy tails. Real time series datasets are analyzed, and the results of the ARSGN(p) model are compared to previously proposed models. The findings here state the effectiveness and viability of relaxing the normal assumption and the value added for considering the candidacy of the SGN for AR time series processes.

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Yang, Hai Bo, Li Jie Zhang, and Zheng Huan Hu. "The Analysis of the Stress and Strain in Skew Rolling." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1650.

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In this paper, three-dimensional finite-element model for the skew rolling (helical-groove rolling) process has been used to characterize the workpiece material stress,strain and deformation behavior. Particular attention has been paid to representative cross section and the center, edge and mid-radius points of the billet

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Petrova, Ludmila. "Qualitative Investigation of Hamiltonian Systems by Application of Skew-Symmetric Differential Forms." Symmetry 13, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010025.

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In the present paper, a role of Hamiltonian systems in mathematical and physical formalisms is considered with the help of skew-symmetric differential forms. In classical mechanics the Hamiltonian system is realized from the Euler–Lagrange equation as the integrability condition of the Euler-Lagrange equation and discloses specific features of Lagrange formalism. In the theory of differential equations, the Hamiltonian systems reveals canonical relations that define the integrability conditions of differential equations. The Hamiltonian systems, as a self-independent equations, are an example of dynamic systems that describe a behavior of dynamical systems in phase space. The connection of the Hamiltonian systems with differential equations and dynamical systems point to the fact that dynamical systems can be generated by differential equations. Under the investigation of Hamiltonian systems, in addition to exterior skew-symmetric differential forms it is suggested to use the skew-symmetric differential forms that are defined on a nonintegrable manifolds and possess a nontraditional mathematical apparatus, such as degenerate transformations and transitions from nonintegrable manifold to integral structures.

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Chaubey, Abhay, Ajay Kumar, Stanisław Fic, Danuta Barnat-Hunek, and Barbara Sadowska-Buraczewska. "Hygrothermal Analysis of Laminated Composite Skew Conoids." Materials 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12020225.

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The present paper is the first study on the hygrothermal analysis (i.e., effect of temperature and moisture loadings) of laminated composite skew conoids with reasonable depth and thickness. In order to solve the hygrothermal problem of laminated composite skew conoids, the cubic variation in displacement field, along with cross curvature effects of the shell, were considered. In the present analysis, the shear correction factor is not needed due to the parabolic variation of transverse shear strain. The zero transverse shear stress conditions at the top and bottom of the shell were imposed in the mathematical model. The novelty of our model is reflected by the simultaneous addition of twist curvature in the strain field, as well as the curvature in the displacement field allowing the reasonably thick and deep laminated composite rhombic conoid. The conoid behavior differs from the usual shells, like cylindrical or spherical ones, due to its inherent twist curvature with the complex geometry and different location of maximum deflection. The finite element (FE) implementation of the present realistic mathematical model was carried out using a nine-noded curved isoparametric element with seven unknowns at each node. The C0 FE implementation of the present mathematical model was done and coded in FORTRAN. The present model results were compared and found in good agreement with other solutions published in the literature. Hygrothermal analysis was performed for skew conoids having a different skew angle, temperature, moisture concentration, curvatures, ply orientation, thickness ratio, and boundary conditions.

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Journal articles on the topic 'SKEW BEHAVIOR'

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