Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sketch-Based Interface and Modelling'
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1
Finlay, Janet Elizabeth. "Modelling users by classification : an example-based approach." Thesis, University of York, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276497.
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Clark, Graham Adrian. "An intelligent modelling interface for process simulators in process industries." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2001. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7562.
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Over the past three decades, modelling packages for chemical processes have become more advanced and widely used. For example, equation-oriented dynamic simulators, such as gPROMS are useful for simulating plantwide processes as well as unit operations, and are widely used by process engineers. Whereas, other types of simulator (e.g. Simulink) are often used by control engineers to solve complex control problems. However, both these types of simulator rely on the user being proficient in modelling and familiar with their syntax beforehand. A useful development would be the integration of some knowledge into the formation of the process models and automatic syntax code generation. This would lead to the design engineers having a library of knowledge to check on first, much as an expert engineer uses their past experiences to help guide them through a design. If this could be incorporated into a modelling interface this would greatly help the design engineer, especially when tackling problems in areas that they have little, or no experience. The thesis addresses this problem and describes the design of an intelligent modelling interface that incorporates a knowledge base using some form of a priori case library and recall facility. The interface also incorporates an automatic input file generation stage. At present, the user can: specify a single unit operation problem to search for, retrieve similar cases from the database, specify their solution in the database based on past cases and experience, and then automatically generate an input file for either gPROMS or Simulink. These features are demonstrated through four case studies.
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Akinlofa, Olurotimi Richard. "An investigation into the cognitive effects of instructional interface visualisations." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/925.
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An investigation is conducted into the cognitive effects of using different computer based instructions media in acquisition of specific novel human skills. With recent rapid advances in computing and multimedia instructional delivery, several contemporary research have focussed on the best practices for training and learning delivered via computer based multimedia simulations. More often than not, the aim has been cost minimisation through an optimisation of the instructional delivery process for efficient knowledge acquisition. The outcome of such research effort in general have been largely divergent and inconclusive. The work reported in this thesis utilises a dual prong methodology to provide a novel perspective on the moderating effects of computer based instructional visualisations with a focus on the interaction of interface dynamism with target knowledge domains and trainee cognitive characteristics. The first part of the methodology involves a series of empirical experiments that incrementally measures/compares the cognitive benefits of different levels of instructional interface dynamism for efficient task representation and post-acquisition skilled performance. The first of these experiments utilised a mechanical disassembly task to investigate novel acquisition of procedural motor skills by comparing task comprehension and performance. The other experiments expanded the initial findings to other knowledge domains as well as controlled for potential confounding variables. The integral outcome of these experiments helped to define a novel framework for describing multimodal perception of different computer based instruction types and its moderating effect on post-learning task performance. A parallel computational cognitive modelling effort provided the complementary methodology to investigate cognitive processing associated with different instructional interfaces at a lower level of detail than possible through empirical observations. Novel circumventions of some existing limitations of the selected ACT-R 6.0 cognitive modelling architecture were proposed to achieve the precision required. The ACT-R modifications afforded the representation of human motor movements at an atomic level of detail and with a constant velocity profile as opposed to what is possible with the default manual module. Additional extensions to ACT-R 6.0 also allowed accurate representation of the noise inherent in the recall of spatial locations from declarative memory. The method used for this representation is potentially extendable for application to 3-D spatial representation in ACT-R. These novel propositions are piloted in a proof-of-concept effort followed by application to a more complete, naturally occurring task sequence. The modelling methodology is validated with established human data of skilled task performances. The combination of empirical observations and detailed cognitive modelling afforded novel insights to the hitherto controversial findings on the cognitive benefits of different multimodal instructional presentations. The outcome has implications for training research and development involving computer based simulations.
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Eriksen, Daniel. "Molecular-based approaches to modelling carbonate-reservoir fluids : electrolyte phase equilibria, and the description of the fluid-fluid interface." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/49242.
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In this thesis, a new approach to parameterization of the intermolecular potential models of ionic species in electrolyte solutions for the SAFT-VRE Mie theory is presented. Additionally, a predictive approach to the description of the fluid-fluid interface of non-electrolytic, non-associating mixtures is presented. These approaches are intended to support an integrated workflow for the study of the fluid systems relevant for carbon capture and sequestration. The parameterization methodology developed for the intermolecular potential models of ionic species in the SAFT-VRE Mie theory reduces the parameters to be estimated from solution data to a single interaction-energy per solvent-ion pair. This is achieved through the use of literature values for the ion-size parameter, and theoretical estimates for the ion-ion interaction energy. Additionally, the Born diameters of the ion models are taken to be those of Rashin and Honig, and not estimated from data. This approach is applied to the monovalent halides as well as select divalent ions. The resulting models reproduce the solvation energy in H2O to within 5 % error at standard conditions for the monovalent halides. Furthermore, the electrolyte models are demonstrated to provide a fair description of aqueous electrolytes when considering the limited parameterization. The predictive description of the fluid-fluid interface, is achieved by an approach in which the Square Gradient Theory (SGT) and the SAFT-VR Mie EOS are combined. The SGT influence parameter is mapped to the SAFT-VR Mie intermolecular model parameters through the relationship with the direct correlation function. The resulting model is parametrized by matching simulation data for the interfacial tension of λr-6 Mie monomeric fluids. A final evaluation of the model is carried out against non-associating systems of up to 4 species, for which predictive capabilities are demonstrated.
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Loizou, Andreas. "Modelling and simulation of themo-mechanical phenomena at the friction interface of a disc brake.An empirically-based finite element model for the fundamental investigation of factors that influence the interface thermal resistance at the friction interface of a high energy sliding pair in a disc brake." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5489.
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The fundamental theories of heat generation and transfer at the friction interface of a
brake assume either matching or not matching surface temperatures by having a
varying or uniform heat partition ratio respectively. In the research presented the
behaviour of heat partition has been investigated in a fundamental study based on
experimental measurements of temperature and the associated modelling and
simulation of heat transfer in a brake friction pair. For a disc brake, an important
parameter that was identified from the literature study is the interface tribo-layer
(ITL), which has been modelled as an equivalent thermal resistance value based on its
thickness and thermal conductivity. The interface real contact area was also an
important parameter in this investigation, and it has been found to affect heat
partitioning by adding its own thermal resistance.
A 2-dimensional (2D) coupled-temperature displacement Finite Element (FE) model is
presented, based on which a novel relationship which characterises the total thermal
resistance (or conductance) at the friction interface has been characterised based on
the ITL thermal properties, the contact area, and the contact pressure at the interface.
Using the model the effect of friction material wear on the total thermal resistance (or
conductance) at the friction interface was predicted and a comparison of the Archard
and Arrhenius wear laws in predicting the wear of a resin bonded composite friction
material operating against a cast iron mating surface is presented.
A 3-dimensional (3D) model is also presented. This model has represented a small
scale disc brake test rig which has been used in parallel with the simulation for
validation in a drag braking scenario. Two simulation conditions with different pad
surface states were investigated, the first having a nominally flat surface, and the
second an adjusted (worn) pad surface based on bedding-in data. The Arrhenius wear
model was applied to significance of including wear on the total thermal resistance at
the friction interface over a short brake application.
A sensitivity analysis on the interface thermal conductance, the location of heat
generation, and the magnitude of contact pressure has identified the importance of
each factor in determining the total thermal resistance (or conductance) at the friction
interface during any friction brake application. It is concluded that the heat
partitioning is insensitive on the location of heat generation, and that the most
sensitive parameter is the contact pressure.Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE)
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Loizou, Andreas. "Modelling and simulation of themo-mechanical phenomena at the friction interface of a disc brake : an empirically-based finite element model for the fundamental investigation of factors that influence the interface thermal resistance at the friction interface of a high energy sliding pair in a disc brake." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5489.
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The fundamental theories of heat generation and transfer at the friction interface of a brake assume either matching or not matching surface temperatures by having a varying or uniform heat partition ratio respectively. In the research presented the behaviour of heat partition has been investigated in a fundamental study based on experimental measurements of temperature and the associated modelling and simulation of heat transfer in a brake friction pair. For a disc brake, an important parameter that was identified from the literature study is the interface tribo-layer (ITL), which has been modelled as an equivalent thermal resistance value based on its thickness and thermal conductivity. The interface real contact area was also an important parameter in this investigation, and it has been found to affect heat partitioning by adding its own thermal resistance. A 2-dimensional (2D) coupled-temperature displacement Finite Element (FE) model is presented, based on which a novel relationship which characterises the total thermal resistance (or conductance) at the friction interface has been characterised based on the ITL thermal properties, the contact area, and the contact pressure at the interface. Using the model the effect of friction material wear on the total thermal resistance (or conductance) at the friction interface was predicted and a comparison of the Archard and Arrhenius wear laws in predicting the wear of a resin bonded composite friction material operating against a cast iron mating surface is presented. A 3-dimensional (3D) model is also presented. This model has represented a small scale disc brake test rig which has been used in parallel with the simulation for validation in a drag braking scenario. Two simulation conditions with different pad surface states were investigated, the first having a nominally flat surface, and the second an adjusted (worn) pad surface based on bedding-in data. The Arrhenius wear model was applied to significance of including wear on the total thermal resistance at the friction interface over a short brake application. A sensitivity analysis on the interface thermal conductance, the location of heat generation, and the magnitude of contact pressure has identified the importance of each factor in determining the total thermal resistance (or conductance) at the friction interface during any friction brake application. It is concluded that the heat partitioning is insensitive on the location of heat generation, and that the most sensitive parameter is the contact pressure.
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Chong, Natalie. "Beyond Evidence-Based Decision Support : Exploring the Multi-Dimensional Functionality of Environmental Modelling Tools. Comparative Analysis of Tool." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC1005.
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À l’heure où les horizons d’une croissance et d’une consommation infinies sont remis en cause, les appels aux développements de solutions de plus en plus robustes, flexibles et intégrées pour gérer les problèmes environnementaux inédits ont conduit à l’avènement d’un nouveau paradigme, transformant de manière radicale les pratiques de la science et de la gestion. L’importance accrue accordée aux approches collaboratives, intégrées et participatives a soutenu l’essor d’arrangements entre science, pratique et politique, tout en rendant nécessaire la création de nouveaux outils pour accompagner la mise en œuvre d’une réglementation de plus en plus exigeante. Dans le contexte de la gestion des ressources en eau, les modèles sont apparus comme des outils cruciaux, plébiscités par des scientifiques et des praticiens, pour leur capacité à faire avancer la compréhension scientifique du fonctionnement des systèmes hydrologiques à renseigner les politiques publiques et la planification de l’eau dans les bassins versants. Une grande diversité d’outils de modélisation a été développée pour analyser les processus physiques, chimiques et biologiques à l’œuvre, à des échelles spatiales et temporelles diverses et avec des degrés de complexité variés. Par ailleurs, les modèles sont censés fournir aux praticiens des outils concrets au service de politiques fondées sur des faits scientifiques (‘evidence-based policy’), en permettant de transposer des problèmes complexes en solutions techniques « gérables ». Pour autant, leur application pratique est loin d’être proportionnelle à l’investissement en temps et en ressources dédié à leur développement. Cette thèse vise à éclairer le fossé persistant entre science, pratique et politique dans le contexte d’un nouveau paradigme pour la science et la gestion, à travers le prisme des outils de modélisation et de leur rôle à l’interface science-pratique-politique. Nous utilisons une approche qualitative et nous nous appuyons sur deux exemples empiriques : le PIREN-Seine en France et le CRC for Water Sensitive Cities en Australie. Bien que les deux exemples partagent des défis, des méthodes et des objectifs similaires, la richesse de leur comparaison repose sur la différence fondamentale dans leurs approches et leurs stratégies.Ce faisant, nous explorons les moteurs, implications et conséquences potentielles des changements de paradigme parallèles à l’œuvre de la science et la gestion, en nous concentrant sur trois aspects : 1/ l’utilisation et l’utilité des outils de modélisation pour soutenir la gestion, la planification et les politiques publiques concernant les ressources en eau ; 2/ les différentes modalités qui permettent d’aborder l’incertitude dans l’aide à la décision reposant sur des modèles ; 3/ la signification ou la portée de nouveaux arrangements entre science, pratique et politique. En retraçant l’histoire de la production et de l’utilisation des outils de modélisation dans les deux exemples, nous cherchons tout d’abord à comprendre la relation nuancée entre « utilisation » et « utilité », en offrant un aperçu des facteurs qui les influencent. Nous nous intéressons ensuite à la question de l’incertitude en analysant la manière dont chercheurs et praticiens affrontent le défi fondamental de l’incertitude dans l’aide à la décision fondée sur les modèles. En considérant les processus complexes, socialement négociés, qui s’inscrivent dans le contexte de la prise de décision, nous nous concentrons sur la construction sociale de l’ignorance et sur sa fonction. Nous examinons enfin, à un niveau macro socio-économique, l’évolution des pratiques engendrée par le changement de paradigme dans la science et la gestion. Parmi ces changements, nous proposons une interprétation de l’émergence et des fonctions des « organisations frontières », et le rôle qu’elles sont amenées à jouer dans la recherche de solutions robustes, flexibles et durablesAs the sun sets on the age of unlimited growth and consumption, the call for progressively robust, adaptive and integrated solutions to address ‘wicked’ environmental problems has ushered in a new paradigm that has fundamentally changed the practices of both science and management. Emphasis on collaborative, integrative and participative approaches has given rise to burgeoning science-practice-policy arrangements while necessitating new tools to support the implementation of increasingly demanding regulation. In the context of water resources, models have emerged as fundamental tools favoured by scientists and practitioners alike, owing to their ability to advance scientific understanding of water systems functioning, while at the same time supporting key decisions in the management, policy and planning of river basins. A wide range of modelling tools have been developed to study the numerous physical, chemical, and biological processes at work, on different spatial and temporal scales, with varying levels of complexity. At the same time, models provide practitioners with a practical tool for supporting ‘evidence-based’ policy by transposing complex problems into technical, ‘manageable’ solutions. Yet, their application in practice has proven far from proportional to the amount of time and resources that have been invested in their development.This thesis aims to elucidate the enduring divide between science, practice and policy in the context of a new paradigm of science and management through the lens of modelling tools and their role at the science-practice-policy interface. Using a qualitative approach, we draw from two empirical examples: the PIREN-Seine in France and the CRC for Water Sensitive Cities in Australia. While both share similar challenges, methods and objectives, the fundamental difference in their strategies and approaches offers a rich foundation for comparison. In doing so, we explore the driving forces, implications and potential consequences of the parallel paradigm shifts in science and management, focusing on three main aspects: 1/ the use and utility of modelling tools to support water management, policy and planning; 2/ the different modalities of addressing uncertainty in model-based decision support, and; 3/ the role of new science-practice-policy arrangements. By first retracing the history of production and use of modelling tools in both examples, we seek to understand the nuanced relationship between ‘use’ and ‘utility’, offering insight into influencing factors. Next, we turn to the question of uncertainty by analysing how researchers and practitioners reconcile the fundamental challenge of uncertainty in model-based decision support. Delving deeper into the complex, negotiated social process that comprises the decision-making context, we focus on the social construction of ignorance and its role in decision-making. Finally, we examine the macro-level changes brought about by the paradigm shift in science and management. Amidst these changes, we seek to understand the emergence and functions of ‘boundary organisations’ in this new epoch, and their role in the quest for robust, adaptive and sustainable solutions
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Kazmi, Ismail Khalid. "Efficient sketch-based 3D character modelling." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2017. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/28754/.
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Sketch-based modelling (SBM) has undergone substantial research over the past two decades. In the early days, researchers aimed at developing techniques useful for modelling of architectural and mechanical models through sketching. With the advancement of technology used in designing visual effects for film, TV and games, the demand for highly realistic 3D character models has skyrocketed. To allow artists to create 3D character models quickly, researchers have proposed several techniques for efficient character modelling from sketched feature curves. Moreover several research groups have developed 3D shape databases to retrieve 3D models from sketched inputs. Unfortunately, the current state of the art in sketch-based organic modelling (3D character modelling) contains a lot of gaps and limitations. To bridge the gaps and improve the current sketch-based modelling techniques, this research aims to develop an approach allowing direct and interactive modelling of 3D characters from sketched feature curves, and also make use of 3D shape databases to guide the artist to create his / her desired models. The research involved finding a fusion between 3D shape retrieval, shape manipulation, and shape reconstruction / generation techniques backed by an extensive literature review, experimentation and results. The outcome of this research involved devising a novel and improved technique for sketch-based modelling, the creation of a software interface that allows the artist to quickly and easily create realistic 3D character models with comparatively less effort and learning. The proposed research work provides the tools to draw 3D shape primitives and manipulate them using simple gestures which leads to a better modelling experience than the existing state of the art SBM systems.
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Motuk, Halil Erdem. "Intelligent Student Assessment And Coaching Interface To Web-based Education-oriented Intelligent Experimentation On Robot Supported Laboratory Set-ups." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1092931/index.pdf.
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This thesis presents a framework for an intelligent interface for the access of robotsupported
remote laboratories through the Internet. The framework is composed of
the student assessment and coaching system, the experimentation scenario, and the
associated graphical user interface. Student assessment and coaching system is the
main feature of a successful intelligent interface for use during remote
experimentation with a robot-supported laboratory setup. The system has a modular
structure employing artificial neural networks and a fuzzy-rule based decision
process to model the student behaviour, to evaluate the performance and to coach
him or her towards a better achievement of the tasks to be done during the
experimentation. With an experimentation scenario designed and a graphical user
interface, the system is applied to a robotic system that is connected to the Internet
for the evaluation of the proposed framework. Illustrative examples for the operation
of the each module in the system in the context of the application are given and
sensitivity analysis of the system to the change in parameters is also done. The
framework is then applied to a mobile robot control laboratory. The user interface
and the experimentation scenario is developed for the application, and necessary
modifications are made to the student assessment and coaching system in order to
support the experiment.
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Håkansson, Anne. "Graphic Representation and Visualisation as Modelling Support for the Knowledge Acquisition Process." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Computer Science, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3812.
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The thesis describes steps taken towards using graphic representation and visual modelling support for the knowledge acquisition process in knowledge-based systems – a process commonly regarded as difficult. The performance of the systems depends on the quality of the embedded knowledge, which makes the knowledge acquisition phase particularly significant. During the acquisition phase, a main obstacle to proper extraction of information is the absence of effective modelling techniques.
The contributions of the thesis are: introducing a methodology for user-centred knowledge modelling, enhancing transparency to support the modelling of content and of the reasoning strategy, incorporating conceptualisation to simplify the grasp of the contents and to support assimilation of the domain knowledge, and supplying a visual compositional logic programming language for adding and modifying functionality.
The user-centred knowledge acquisition model, proposed in this thesis, applies a combination of different approaches to knowledge modelling. The aim is to bridge the gap between the users (i.e., knowledge engineers, domain experts and end users) and the system in transferring knowledge, by supporting the users through graphics and visualisation. Visualisation supports the users by providing several different views of the contents of the system.
The Unified Modelling Language (UML) is employed as a modelling language. A benefit of utilising UML is that the knowledge base can be modified, and the reasoning strategy and the functionality can be changed directly in the model. To make the knowledge base more comprehensible and expressive, we incorporated visual conceptualisation into UML’s diagrams to describe the contents. Visual conceptualisation of the knowledge can also facilitate assimilation in a hypermedia system through visual libraries.
Visualisation of functionality is applied to a programming paradigm, namely relational programming, often employed in artificial intelligence systems. This approach employs Venn-Euler diagrams as a graphic interface to a compositional operator based relational programming language.
The concrete result of the research is the development of a graphic representation and visual modelling approach to support the knowledge acquisition process. This approach has been evaluated for two different knowledge bases, one built for hydropower development and river regulation and the other for diagnosing childhood diseases.
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Guillard, Valérie. "Characterization and modelling of moisture transfer in composite foods constituted of fresh filling nd cereal-based food : barrier performance of edible films placed at the interface." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20006.
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Kim, Dae Hyun [Verfasser]. "A Sketch-Based Modeling Interface for Pen-Input Displays / Dae Hyun Kim." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/1181604958/34.
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Hammond, Tracy Anne. "LADDER : a perceptually-based language to simplify sketch recognition user interface development." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38532.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 473-495).
Diagrammatic sketching is a natural modality of human-computer interaction that can be used for a variety of tasks, for example, conceptual design. Sketch recognition systems are currently being developed for many domains. However, they require signal-processing expertise if they are to handle the intricacies of each domain, and they are time-consuming to build. Our goal is to enable user interface designers and domain experts who may not have expertise in sketch recognition to be able to build these sketch systems. We created and implemented a new framework (FLUID - f acilitating user interface development) in which developers can specify a domain description indicating how domain shapes are to be recognized, displayed, and edited. This description is then automatically transformed into a sketch recognition user interface for that domain. LADDER, a language using a perceptual vocabulary based on Gestalt principles, was developed to describe how to recognize, display, and edit domain shapes. A translator and a customizable recognition system (GUILD - a generator of user interfaces using ladder descriptions) are combined with a domain description to automatically create a domain specific recognition system.
(cont.) With this new technology, by writing a domain description, developers are able to create a new sketch interface for a domain, greatly reducing the time and expertise for the task Continuing in pursuit of our goal to facilitate UI development, we noted that 1) human generated descriptions contained syntactic and conceptual errors, and that 2) it is more natural for a user to specify a shape by drawing it than by editing text. However, computer generated descriptions from a single drawn example are also flawed, as one cannot express all allowable variations in a single example. In response, we created a modification of the traditional model of active learning in which the system selectively generates its own near-miss examples and uses the human teacher as a source of labels. System generated near-misses offer a number of advantages. Human generated examples are tedious to create and may not expose problems in the current concept. It seems most effective for the near-miss examples to be generated by whichever learning participant (teacher or student) knows better where the deficiencies lie; this will allow the concepts to be more quickly and effectively refined.
(cont.) When working in a closed domain such as this one, the computer learner knows exactly which conceptual uncertainties remain, and which hypotheses need to be tested and confirmed. The system uses these labeled examples to automatically build a LADDER shape description, using a modification of the version spaces algorithm that handles interrelated constraints, and which also has the ability to learn negative and disjunctive constraints.
by Tracy Anne Hammond.
Ph.D.
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Mao, Chen. "An investigation of techniques for sketch-based human modelling and animation." Thesis, Brunel University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436482.
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Al, Karkour Khaleel. "Unreinforced masonry walls and flange effect: a parametric study through block-based modeling." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
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This study reported in this thesis shows the flange effect in unreinforced masonry walls subjected to in-plane loading. Previous studies showed the importance of capturing the in-plane behaviour of flanged masonry walls for seismic studies. A generative tool was developed using Dynamo and Abaqus Scripting Interface (ASI) to make a parametric model covering most cases of constructing the flange wall. The analysis was held using Finite Element Method through ABAQUS software and masonry wall was modelled through block-based modelling strategy. Large parametric study was carried out to investigate the effects of several parameters on the collapse load and failure type. The effect of aspect ratio, length of flange part, location of the main part, vertical applied load and the applied boundary condition are represented in this thesis.
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Bao, Xin. "Sketch-based intuitive 3D model deformations." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sketchbased-intuitive-3d-model-deformations(2c12a1f9-cf0c-45d1-926e-a5f3db0d5acb).html.
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In 3D modelling software, deformations are used to add, to remove, or to modify geometric features of existing 3D models to create new models with similar but slightly different details. Traditional techniques for deforming virtual 3D models require users to explicitly define control points and regions of interest (ROIs), and to define precisely how to deform ROIs using control points. The awkwardness of defining these factors in traditional 3D modelling software makes it difficult for people with limited experience of 3D modelling to deform existing 3D models as they expect. As applications which require virtual 3D model processing become more and more widespread, it becomes increasingly desirable to lower the "difficulty of use" threshold of 3D model deformations for users. This thesis argues that the user experience, in terms of intuitiveness and ease of use, of a user interface for deforming virtual 3D models, can be greatly enhanced by employing sketch-based 3D model deformation techniques, which require the minimal quantities of interactions, while keeping the plausibility of the results of deformations as well as the responsiveness of the algorithms, based on modern home grade computing devices. A prototype system for sketch-based 3D model deformations is developed and implemented to support this hypothesis, which allows the user to perform a deformation using a single deforming stroke, eliminating the need to explicitly select control points, the ROI and the deforming operation. GPU based accelerations have been employed to optimise the runtime performance of the system, so that the system is responsive enough for real-time interactions. The studies of the runtime performance and the usability of the prototype system are conducted to provide evidence to support the hypothesis.
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Fowmes, Gary John. "Analysis of steep sided landfill lining systems." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/3531.
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The EC Landfill Directive (1999), which is enforced in England and Wales through the Landfill (England and Wales) Regulations (2002), has increased the technical challenge associated with the design and construction of landfill containment systems, in particular those on steep side slopes. Increased numbers of lining system components, varied configurations, and complex loading scenarios require advanced analysis tools to facilitate design. This project involved the development of advanced numerical modelling techniques, based on the FLAC finite difference modelling code. The analysis toolbox can be used to predict the behaviour of multilayered geosynthetic and soil lining systems, during and after staged construction. The model can include non-linear interface and geosynthetic axial properties, represent complex loading, including downdrag from the waste mass, whilst retaining the flexibility to represent varied geometries and include engineered support structures. Whilst numerical modelling is becoming increasingly commonplace in commercial design, there is little evidence of the validation of numerical models with field or experimental data. Validation of the analysis toolbox described in this document was conducted by back analysis of published data, modelling of landfill failure mechanisms, and comparisons to large scale laboratory testing. Design of field scale instrumentation has also been carried out as part of this project. The influence of interface shear strength variability has been assessed through the compilation of a comprehensive database, and the effect of this variability on lining system behaviour assessed through reliability based analyses. This has shown probability of failures may be higher than proposed limiting values when adopting traditional accepted factors of safety. A key area of interest identified during the project was the requirement for support, potentially through reinforcement, of the geological barrier. The inclusion of randomly reinforced fibres in bentonite enhanced soil has shown the potential for increased strength, without adverse effects on hydraulic barrier performance. ii Additionally, the influence of geomembrane seams on lining system integrity has been investigated, showing that fusion welded seams can result in stress concentration and extruded seams can cause significant stress concentration.
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Chang, Xianglong. "Semi-automatic fitting of deformable 3D models to 2D sketches." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/797.
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We present a novel method for building 3D models from a user sketch. Given a 2D sketch as input, the approach aligns and deforms a chosen 3D template model to match the sketch. This is guided by a set of user-specified correspondences and an algorithm that deforms the 3D model to match the sketched profile. Our primary contribution is related to fitting the 3D deformable geometry to the 2D user sketch. We demonstrate our technique on several examples.
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Medeiros, Jonatas da Câmara. "Construção de ilustrações com linhas de contorno." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/147970.
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Para criar representações do mundo real, ilustradores utilizam técnicas baseadas em princípios perceptuais para criar efeitos e comunicar informação de maneira eficiente e elegante. Nos últimos anos, essas técnicas têm sido adotadas na computação gráfica para melhorar a visualização de dados científicos. Os ilustradores tradicionais conseguem compor imagens utilizando apenas linhas, gerando representações limpas e simples e com grande poder de comunicar forma. Apesar de alguns trabalhos tentarem reproduzir os efeitos das ilustrações tradicionais com linhas, os princípios perceptuais utilizados pelos artistas ainda não foram bem explorados. Esses princípios são importantes para gerar uma imagem fácil de interpretar, sem ambigüidades e criar efeitos como focos de atenção, sombreamento, noção de profundidade, etc. Este trabalho explora as técnicas utilizadas pelos ilustradores profissionais na criação de visualizações digitais, propondo a adaptação de um método chamado perspective contouring, utilizado para criar focos de atenção em ilustrações baseadas em linhas de contorno. O sistema de ilustração desenvolvido utiliza uma interface baseada em esboço para a definição das regiões de interesse, onde se quer dar ênfase, para determinação de curvas de eixo do modelo e para o desenho de curvas de controle dos atributos das linhas de desenho, como espessura e espaçamento. A título de resultado, são apresentadas comparações de imagens criadas por um ilustrador profissional e imagens criadas pelo sistema desenvolvido.To create representations of the real world, illustrators use techniques based on perceptual principles to create effects and communicate information in an efficient and elegant manner. In the last years, these techniques have been adopted in computer graphics to improve the visualization of scientific data. Traditional illustrators can compose images using only lines, creating representations that are clean, simple and are suitable to communicate form. Although some works try to reproduce the effects of traditional line illustration, the perceptual principles used by artists are not fully explored. These principles are important to create an image that is easy to interpret and has no ambiguity, and also to create effects like focus of attention, shading, depth perception, etc. In this work, we aim at exploring the techniques used by professional illustrators in the creation of digital visualizations, by proposing the adaptation of a method called perspective contouring, used to create focus of attention in contour lines illustrations. We implemented an illustration system that uses a sketch-based interface to define the regions of interest, where the emphasis is desirable, to create axis curves for the model, and to draw curves that control line attributes like width and spacing. As results, we present a comparison of images by a professional illustrator and images created with the developed system.
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Bartie, Philip James. "Advances in Visibility Modelling in Urban Environments to Support Location Based Services." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5655.
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People describe and explore space with a strong emphasis on the visual senses, yet modelling the field of view has received little attention within the realm of Location Based Services (LBS), in part due to the lack of useful data. Advances in data capture, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), provide new opportunities to build digital city models and expand the range of applications which use visibility analysis. This thesis capitalises on these advances with the development of a visibility model to support a number of innovative LBS functions in an urban region and particular focus is given to the visibility model‟s supporting role in the formation of referring expressions, the descriptive phrases used to identify objects in a scene, which are relevant when delivering spatial information to the user through a speech based interface. Speech interfaces are particularly useful to mobile users with restricted screen viewing opportunities, such as navigational support for motorists and a wider range of tasks including delivering information to urban pedestrians. As speech recognition accuracies improve so new interaction opportunities will allow users to relate to their surroundings and retrieve information on buildings in view through spoken descriptions. The papers presented in this thesis work towards this goal, by translating spatial information into a form which matches the user‟s perspective and can be delivered over a speech interface. The foundation is the development of a new visual exposure model for use in urban areas, able to calculate a number of metrics about Features of Interest (FOIs), including the façade area visible and the percentage on the skyline. The impact of urban vegetation as a semi-permeable visual barrier is also considered, and how visual exposure calculations may be adjusted to accommodate under canopy and through canopy views. The model may be used by pedestrian LBSs, or applied to vehicle navigation tasks to determine how much of a route ahead is in view for a car driver, identifying the sections with limited visibility or the best places for an overtaking manoeuvre. Delivering information via a speech interface requires FOI positions to be defined according to projective space relating to the user‟s viewpoint, rather than topological or metric space, and this is handled using a new egocentric model. Finally descriptions of the FOIs are considered, including a method to automatically collect façade colours by excluding foreground objects, and a model to determine the most appropriate description to direct the LBS user‟s attention to a FOI in view.
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Liu, Yin. "Modelling and simulation of service area based OFDM air interfaces for beyond 3G mobile radio systems." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974148555.
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Sencu, Razvan. "Multiscale stochastic fracture mechanics of composites informed by in-situ X-ray CT tests." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/multiscale-stochastic-fracture-mechanics-of-composites-informed-by-insitu-xray-ct-tests(85a0be40-9e7a-4df3-a366-69ac6ce02e35).html.
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This thesis presents the development of a new multiscale stochastic fracture mechanics modelling framework informed by in-situ X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) tests, which can be used to enhance the quality of new designs and prognosis practices for fibre reinforced composites. To reduce the empiricism and conservatism of existing methods, this PhD research systematically has tackled several challenging tasks including: (i) extension of the cohesive interface crack model to multi-phase composites in both 2D and 3D, (ii) development of a new in-house loading rig to support in-situ X-ray CT tests, (iii) reconstruction of low phase-contrast X-ray CT datasets of carbon fibre composites, (iv) integration of X-ray CT image-based models into detailed crack propagation FE modelling and (v) validation of a partially informed multiscale stochastic modelling method by direct comparison with in-situ X-ray CT tensile test results.
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Tolksdorf, Gregor Stefan [Verfasser], Günter [Akademischer Betreuer] Wozny, Jens-Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Repke, Jens-Uwe [Gutachter] Repke, Richard [Gutachter] Baur, and Günter [Gutachter] Wozny. "Automatised implementation of CAPE-OPEN interfaces : a workflow for equation-based flowsheet modelling / Gregor Stefan Tolksdorf ; Gutachter: Jens-Uwe Repke, Richard Baur, Günter Wozny ; Günter Wozny, Jens-Uwe Repke." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1200018192/34.
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Freitas, José Rúben Silva. "Web-based interface for environmental niche modelling." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/3980.
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Marine species are subject to anthropogenic impacts, such as noise pollution,
marine litter, and direct impact collisions. While there are efforts in the marine
community and crowd-sourcing to report the occurrence of marine species, not
enough projects explore the prediction of where such animals may be.
This dissertation analyzes the state of the art in species distribution model ing (SDM) systems, capable of reporting and predicting marine biodiversity. The
proposal implements the algorithms for predicting species through publicly avail able repositories of data, provides means to ease the upload and management of
occurrence points as well as methods for prediction analysis. A web-based user
interface is proposed using Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) as an automated
alerting mechanism towards ecological awareness.
Performed user studies evaluate marine biodiversity concerns from fisherman
and whale-watching sea-vessels, assessing attitudes, threats, values, and motiva tion of both samples. Further, biologists and experts on ENMs will evaluate the
workflow and interface, reviewing the proposal’s potential to enable ecologists
to create solutions for their custom problems using simple protocols without the
need for any third-party entities and extensive knowledge in programming.Espécies marinhas estão sujeitas a impactos antropogênicos, tais como poluição sonora, lixo marinho, e colisões com tráfego marinho. Apesar de existirem al guns esforços da comunidade marinha e crowdsourcing relativamente ao registo de ocorrências de biodiversidade marinha, não existem projeto suficientes que exploram as previsões de onde estas espécies poderão estar. Esta dissertação analisa o estado da arte em sistemas de modelação de dis tribuição de espécies, capazes de relatar e prever biodiversidade marinha. A pro posta implementa os algoritmos para prever espécies por meio de repositórios consolidados de dados disponíveis online, fornece meios para facilitar o carrega mento e gestão de pontos de ocorrência, bem como métodos para análise das previsões. Uma interface web de utilizador é proposta utilizando Ecological Niche Modeling como um mecanismo de alerta automatizado para incrementar a con sciência ecológica. Os estudos do sistema irão avaliar as preocupações relativas a biodiversi dade marinha de embarcações de pesca e navios de observação de baleias. Desta forma é possível determinar atitudes, ameaças, valores e motivação de ambas as amostras para com a biodiversidade marinha. Além disso, biólogos e espe cialistas nesta tipologia de sistemas, avaliarão o fluxo de trabalho e a inter face desenvolvida, avaliando o potencial do sistema, permitindo aos ecologistas criar soluções personalizados através de protocolos simples, sem a necessidade de quaisquer entidades terceirizadas e conhecimento em programação.
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Jesus, Diego António Rodrigues de. "Sketch based interaction for procedural modelling." Doctoral thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/115929.
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Jesus, Diego António Rodrigues de. "Sketch based interaction for procedural modelling." Tese, 2002. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/115929.
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Vieira, Lucas Lima. "Coordinated specification and quantity take-off through digital modelling." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/73292.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Building Information ModellingEven though BIM-based specification and quantity take-off are more efficient than traditional methods (Olsen and Taylor, 2017; Khosakitchalert, Yabuki and Fukuda, 2019), they still have a vast space for further developments which would enable them to reach higher degrees of digitalization. Both processes still lack integration and are not entirely automatized, requiring the information to flow within different BIM platforms, demanding some time-consuming and error-prone human interventions. Also, BIMbased solutions for specification and quantity take-off can be expensive and not compliant with some needs for customization to better adapt to companies internal workflows. This problematization led this work to the following question: How to re-engineer BIM-based specification and quantity take-off processes in order to make them more automatized, accurate, integrated, faster and cheaper? This dissertation addressed the problem by developing an add-in through the API of a specific BIM authoring tool, found on a proposed framework that comprises standards, information modelling and database management issues. The developed tool is a BIM-based digital solution which automatically generates a coordinated report for specification and quantity take-off, setting up also a preliminary cost estimation. It extracts, matches and combines information from a BIM model and a database, based on a classification system. Alongside the literature review, the work methodology leaned on a study object, the architectural office Marta Campos Atelier de Arquitectura based in Porto, Portugal. It diagnosed their current workflow, mapping the process AS-IS for specification and quantity take-off. Next, it performed its assessment and finally proposed the framework which comprises the re-engineered process TO-BE, embedded in the developed digital solution. In the end, the add-in was executed in real case scenarios, on two ongoing projects at the study object firm, and successfully produced the expected outcome, the coordinated specification and quantity take-off report (in Portugal commonly called “Mapa de Trabalhos e Quantidades”). The re-engineered BIM-based specification and quantity take-off embedded by the proposed framework alongside the developed digital tool enabled a more integrated, automatized and faster generation of the coordinated specification, quantity take-off and preliminary cost estimation report. The whole reengineered process (TO-BE) took 1/5 of the time than the AS-IS (performed in the current workflow) and was able to limit the manual interventions for the modelling activities. The TO-BE process added value to the firm business model, accomplishing a higher degree of digitalization.
Embora os processos de especificação e extração de quantidades pautados em BIM sejam mais eficientes do que quando realizados por métodos tradicionais (Olsen and Taylor, 2017; Khosakitchalert, Yabuki e Fukuda, 2019), há ainda um longo caminho a ser percorrido para que eles atinjam altos níveis de digitalização. Tais processos não são completamente integrados e automatizados, demandando que a informação navegue por diferentes plataformas. Além disso, requerem intervenções manuais suscetíveis a erros e que podem consumir muito tempo. Não obstante, soluções para especificação e extração de quantidades baseadas em BIM são muitas vetestezes caras e não respondem às necessidades de customização para uma melhor adequação aos fluxos de trabalhos internos específicos de uma determinada empresa. Esta problematização levou o trabalho à seguinte questão: Como reestruturar os processos de especificação e extração de quantidades tornando-os mais automatizados, precisos, integrados, rápidos e baratos? Esta dissertação lida com o problema colocado, desenvolvendo um add-in através da Interface de Programação de Aplicações de uma ferramenta de modelagem BIM. O add-in baseia-se na abordagem conceitual do trabalho que compreende questões relacionadas à padronização, modelagem da informação e gerenciamento de banco de dados. A ferramenta desenvolvida é uma solução digital fundamentada em BIM que permite a geração de um relatório coordenado de especificações e quantidades de forma automática, incorporando ainda uma estimativa de custo preliminar. Para além disso, extrai as informações do modelo BIM, combinando-as com a sua correspondência no banco de dados, baseada num sistema de classificação. Paralelamente à revisão bibliográfica, a metodologia para a realização deste trabalho se estruturou a partir de um objeto de estudo, o escritório de arquitetura Marta Campos Atelier de Arquitectura, situado no Porto, Portugal. Primeiramente, foi feito o diagnóstico do fluxo de trabalho, mapeando todo o processo como ele é atualmente (AS-IS) para especificação e extração de quantidades. Em seguida, foi feita a avalição desse processo, culminando numa proposta para uma nova abordagem do trabalho que compreende o processo reestruturado (TO-BE), no qual se fundamentou a solução digital desenvolvida. Por fim, o add-in foi executado em casos reais, dois projetos em andamento no escritório de arquitetura, produzindo com sucesso o resultado esperado, o relatório coordenado de especificação e extração de quantidades (Mapa de Trabalhos e Quantidades). O processo de especificação e extração de quantidades reestruturado que faz parte da abordagem de trabalho proposta, bem como a solução digital desenvolvida permitiram a geração do Mapa de Trabalhos e Quantidades, incorporando uma estimativa preliminar de custo, de forma mais integrada, automatizada e rápida. O processo redesenhado (TO-BE) levou 1/5 do tempo do processo como era executado atualmente (AS-IS) e contribuiu para limitar intervenções manuais às atividades de modelagem da informação. Este novo processo permitiu o aumento do valor agregado ao modelo de negócios do atelier de arquitetura, atingindo um nível maior de digitalização.
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Singha, Roy Sesa. "Development of an interface using penalisation method for improving computational performance of bushfire simulation tools." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/40023/.
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Wind is the dominant environmental factor affecting wildland fire intensity and spread.
Previously, fire analysts and managers have relied on local measurements and site-specific
forecasts to determine how winds influence fire. The advancements in computer hardware,
increased availability of electronic topographical and experimental data, and advances
in numerical methods for computing winds, have led to the development of new
tools capable of simulating wind flow. Several numerical models have been developed
for fire prediction and forecasting. Modelling wind in physics-based models like Fire
Dynamics Simulator (FDS) has been shown to produce promising results, but at an inordinate
cost. Because of the high computational expense, physics-based models are not
suitable for operational use. Little research has been conducted to improve the computational
speed of these models. The current study intends to decrease the computational
cost of physics-based fire simulations and improve physics-based models by including
more complicated driving winds.
Physics-based wildfire simulations are driven by inlet boundary conditions which model
the atmospheric boundary layer. Various inlet conditions, such as the 1/7-powerlaw or
the log law models with artificial turbulence (e.g. the synthetic eddy method, [SEM])
can be used as an inlet to generate a statistically steady wind field for a fire simulation.
The power-law inlet is the default inlet condition used in FDS where the wind develops
turbulence as it sweeps through the domain, and is often used with wall-of-wind type
methods. The log-law inlet generates a log wind profile similar to Atmospheric Boundary
Layer (ABL). Development of techniques for imposing inlet conditions and initial conditions
for flow simulations have been topics of interest for the past few decades. Current
inlet and initial conditions requires time in a scale order of 100s of CPU hours, for generating an appropriate condition to start a fire simulation, hence resulting in increased
computational expense. A novel nesting method has been implemented, which involves
two regions : penalisation and blending, named as the PenaBlending method. The initial
conditions of the fire simulations in FDS are set to the initial condition prescribed by an
external model or simulation. This is achieved by a one-way coupling method. External
wind data, for which u,v,w can vary in space and time, can be obtained. The precursor
data can be generated either from any reduced wind model such as Windninja, which
gives terrain modified wind data, or by using analytical methods such as generating logarithmic
windfield using Matlab. These external data can be introduced into the FDS domain
through a penalization region at the inlet/outlet. A blending region has also been
implemented near the specified inlet/outlet which allows a smooth mixing of a precursor
wind field to that in the simulation domain. This new inlet condition allows complicated
terrain modified temporally and spatially varying wind fields, obtained from precursor
simulations or any other models, to be implemented relatively easily in the FDS domain.
To test the implementation of this method, a flat terrain is considered in the current study.
However, this method could also be used for complicated terrain structures, as a part of
future studies. The PenaBlending method provides appropriate flow conditions with reduced
computational effort (up to ~ 80%), to start a fire simulation, and, hence, reduces
the computational expense of physics-based models.
The results obtained using the PenaBlending method have been compared with that obtained
using the existing inlet conditions of FDS, like the SEM method, wall-of-wind
method and mean-forcing methods, using the 1/7 power-law or log-law inlets. To test
these three methods, a set of fire simulations have been conducted and tested against the
PenaBlending method. It was found that the results of the PenaBlending methods agree
well with that of existing methods, with small variations for both the wind and fire cases.
FDS 6.6.0 (the version used in this study) requires a very fine grid to obtain grid convergence.
This is not feasible in the case of a large-scale simulation because of very high
computation cost. FDS 6.2.0, with a reaction-rate-limiter combustion model, needs less
fine grids to obtain grid convergence. Therefore, this combustion model is re-introduced into FDS 6.6.0, providing an option of choosing between two different combustion models,
as a part of this study. For all the simulations, the reaction-rate-limiter combustion
model has been used. The simulations are carried out in a neutral-atmospheric stability
condition. However, the PenaBlending method can apply any general driving wind, and
the effect of atmospheric stability, could be included, as part of future studies. The PenaBlending
method could be extended in conjunction with Monin-Obukhov Similarity
Theory (introduced in FDS 6.6.0) to model fire in various atmospheric stability conditions.
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Thorne, Matthew E. "Motion doodles : a sketch-based interface for character animation." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/14521.
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This thesis presents a novel sketch-based interface for animating an articulated
human character quickly and with a, limited amount of training. The character
is animated by sketching a sequence of simple arcs, loops and lines which are
interpreted as an appropriate sequence of steps, jump, flips and other motions.
The motion synthesis extracts key feature's from the sketch such as height, distance
and timing information allowing a user to create a variety of styles of
motion. The details of the sketch interpretation process are discussed for both
a 2D and 3D version of the system.
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Su, Meng-Chang, and 蘇孟昌. "A Sketch Based Interface for ModelPose Editing with Dual-Resolution Meshes." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75345446640418594043.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
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As computer graphics grows its capability, movies and video games consist of computer animations obtained quality improvement and become more popular. However, authoring tools for making these works also increase their complexity to bring in new technologies. That means ovices for 3D animation have to take more training to join into the industry. Systems with simpler control manner and more concise user interface are needed to introduce them into the palace hull of computer animation. One of the general solutions for driving the motion of a 3D object is by constructing a skeleton and defining the binding relationship and then adjusting the key-pose of it. Even each stage is time consuming, the artist must repeat the three stages on every model which needs to be animated. The procedure is annoying especially when he just want to present some primary ideas. For this reason, reducing the time and effort spent in each stage is also important. Based on the demands we mentioned above, an intuitive user interface for animation authoring is introduced. We adopted a sketch based input method for accelerating the learning and also the editing process, and provides automatic skeleton and binding weight generation to omit the preparation needed for skeleton driven key-pose editing. To the former, the skeleton is represented as feature points connected with NURBS and deformed according to the input stroke of the user. Technique for assisting the procedure of editing 3D curve by changing the shadow appearance is also introduced. To the latter, some optimization such as smoothing is adopted to make the deformed result more pleasant. Additional treatment for model with lumpy surface called ‘dual-resolution meshes’ is taken to prevent the detail feature from eliminated by the smooth operator. As a result, our system provides great facility in editing and quite simplicity in learning. Users could pick-up the system in few minutes and create simple but interesting animations also in few minutes.
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Meng-Chang, Su. "A Sketch Based Interface for Model Pose Editing with Dual-Resolution Meshes." 2005. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-0707200518391500.
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Yi-ChengTsao and 曹以承. "The study of developing a sketch-based interface modeling system by single-view reconstruction." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48528647123702384702.
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Grasberger, Herbert. "Accelerated, Collaborative & Extended BlobTree Modelling." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5995.
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BlobTree modelling has been used in several solid modelling packages to rapidly prototype models by making use of boolean and sketch-based modelling. Using these two techniques, a user can quickly create complex models as combinations of simple primitives and sketched objects. Because the BlobTree is based on continuous field-values, it offers a lot of possibilities to create and control smooth transitions between surfaces, something more complicated in other modelling approaches. In addition, the data required to describe a BlobTree is very compact. Despite these advantages, the BlobTree has not yet been integrated into state of the art industrial workflows to create models. This thesis identifies some shortcomings of the BlobTree, presents potential solutions to those problems and demonstrates an application that makes use of the BlobTree's compact representation.
A main criticism is that the evaluation of a large BlobTree can be quite expensive, and, therefore, many applications are limited in the complexity of models that can be created interactively. This work presents an alternative way of traversing a BlobTree that lowers the time to calculate field-values by at least an order of magnitude. As a result, the limit of model complexity is raised for interactive modelling applications.
In some domains, certain models need more than one designer or engineer to be created.
Often, several iterations of a model are shared between multiple participants until it is finalized. Because the description of a BlobTree is very compact, it can be synchronized efficiently in a collaborative modelling environment. This work presents CollabBlob, an approach to collaborative modelling based on the BlobTree. CollabBlob is lock-free, and provides interactive feedback for all the participants, which helps with a fast iteration in the modelling process.
In order to extend the range of models that can be created within CollabBlob, two areas of BlobTree modelling are improved in the context of this thesis. CAD modelling often makes use of a feature called filleting to add additional surface features, which could be caused by a manufacturing process. Filleting in general creates smooth transitions between surfaces, something that the BlobTree can do with less mathematical complexity than approaches needed in Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG), in the case of fillets between primitives.
However, little research has been done on the construction of fillets between surfaces of a single BlobTree primitive. This work outlines Angle-Based Filleting and the Surface Fillet Curve, two solutions to improve the specification of fillets in the BlobTree.
Sketch-based implicit modelling generates 3D shapes from 2D sketches by sampling the drawn shape and using the samples to create the implicit field via variational interpolation.
Additional samples inside and outside the sketched shape are needed to generate a field compatible with BlobTree modelling and state of the art approaches use offset curves of the sketch to generate these samples. The approach presented in this work reduces the number of sample points, thus accelerating the interpolation time and improving the resulting implicit field.Graduate
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herbert.grasberger@gmail.com
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Liu, Yin [Verfasser]. "Modelling and simulation of service area based OFDM air interfaces for beyond 3G mobile radio systems = Modellierung und Simulation von OFDM-Luftschnittstellen für Mobilfunksysteme jenseits der dritten Generation auf der Basis von Service-Gebieten / von Yin Liu." 2005. http://d-nb.info/974148555/34.
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