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Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Fide Pişirgen, Elif, Münip Akalın, Oya Demirci, Pınar Kumru, and Emine Eda Akalın. "The comparison of the perinatal outcomes in monochorionic twin pregnancies with and without selective intrauterine growth restriction." Perinatal Journal 29, no. 1 (January 17, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2399/prn.21.0291004.

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Objective Both fetuses may be affected negatively as a result of the non-equal share of the placenta and vascular anastomoses in monochorionic pregnancies with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). In our study, we aimed to investigate the perinatal outcomes of both larger and smaller fetuses in monochorionic pregnancies with and without sIUGR (non-sIUGR) separately. Methods A total of 196 monochorionic twin pregnancies were evaluated retrospectively between January 2013 and January 2019. The cases were grouped as sIUGR and non-sIUGR pregnancies. The pregnancies with sIUGR were also separated into sub-groups as the cases with normal umbilical flow pattern and the cases with abnormal umbilical flow pattern. The perinatal outcomes were investigated separately between the groups for larger and smaller fetuses. Results Of 153 monochorionic pregnancies included in the study, 17.6% (n=27) were sIUGR cases and 82.4% (n=126) were non-sIUGR cases. While the umbilical artery flow pattern was normal in 59.3% (n=16) of the pregnancies which developed sIUGR, 40.7% (n=11) of them had abnormal umbilical artery flow pattern. The preeclampsia rate was found significantly higher in sIUGR pregnancies than non-sIUGR pregnancies (25.9% vs. 11.1%, p=0.042). The need for intensive care for both larger and smaller newborns was significantly higher in sIUGR pregnancies compared to non-sIUGR pregnancies (p<0.001). Three (11.1%) of newborns in sIUGR pregnancies passed away during neonatal period. All of the newborns that passed away were the smaller newborns from sIUGR pregnancies with abnormal umbilical artery flow pattern. Conclusion The pregnancies with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) are more associated with high risks in terms of perinatal outcomes compared to the pregnancies with non-sIUGR. In pregnancies developing sIUGR, the risk increases for larger fetus as well as smaller fetus. More prospective studies are needed to investigate whether this increased risk in the pregnancies with sIUGR is associated with prematurity which is more common or is a result of sIUGR.
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2

Van Winden, Kristi R., Rubén A. Quintero, Eftichia V. Kontopoulos, Lisa M. Korst, Arlyn Llanes, and Ramen H. Chmait. "Decreased Total Placental Mass Found in Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Gestations with Selective Growth Restriction." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 40, no. 2 (2016): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000442153.

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Introduction: We examined placental weight characteristics associated with donor selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR) among patients with twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) who underwent laser surgery. Materials and Methods: Fresh placental specimens were studied. Pregnancies with higher-order multiples, fetal demise, or disrupted or nonsubmitted placental specimens were excluded. Placental characteristics prospectively collected included total placental weight, individual placental weight, and placental share. Data were compared between pregnancies with SIUGR (TTTS + SIUGR group) and those without SIUGR (TTTS-only group). Results: Of 369 consecutive patients who underwent laser surgery for TTTS, 155 (42%) met inclusion criteria: 91 with TTTS + SIUGR and 64 with TTTS-only. Compared to the TTTS-only group, patients in the TTTS + SIUGR group had a lower total placental weight (608 ± 163 vs. 687 ± 224 g, p = 0.012), with a lower donor individual placental weight (237 ± 91 vs. 291 ± 124 g, p = 0.002), but no apparent difference in the individual placental weight of recipient twins (371 ± 109 vs. 396 ± 133 g, p = 0.211). Donor placental share was smaller in those pregnancies affected by SIUGR (38.7 ± 9.6 vs. 42.3 ± 9.8%, p = 0.029). Discussion: TTTS patients with SIUGR had a lower total placental weight and a lower donor individual placental weight compared to those without SIUGR. These findings suggest that differences in donor individual placental weights for SIUGR gestations may not solely be related to differences in placental share.
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Weisz, Boaz, Liat Hogen, Yoav Yinon, Liat Gindes, Alon Shrim, Michal Simchen, Eyal Schiff, and Shlomo Lipitz. "Perinatal Outcome of Monochorionic Twins With Selective IUGR Compared With Uncomplicated Monochorionic Twins." Twin Research and Human Genetics 14, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/twin.14.5.457.

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Objective: To evaluate the perinatal outcome of MC twins with selective IUGR (sIUGR).Study design: A prospective study, which included three groups of MC twins: Group A, uncomplicated MC twin pregnancies (n = 91); group B, sIUGR with normal umbilical artery Doppler (n = 19); and group C, sIUGR with abnormal (absence or reversed EDV) umbilical artery Doppler (n = 18). The latter were routinely hospitalized in the high-risk ward under strict surveillance.Results: Neonatal outcome of fetuses complicated with sIUGR and normal Doppler was similar to controls. Neonates born to pregnancies complicated by sIUGR and abnormal Doppler had significantly increased incidence of CNS findings, RDS, NEC, sepsis, and neonatal death compared to controls. Adverse outcome in this group was independently associated only with gestational age at birth.Conclusion: The perinatal outcomes of MC twins complicated with sIUGR and normal Doppler are similar to uncomplicated MC pregnancies. MC twins with sIUGR and abnormal Doppler have reasonable outcomes, yet significantly more neonatal complications compared to non-complicated MC twins.
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Cosmi, Erich, Silvia Visentin, Donata Favretto, Marianna Tucci, Eugenio Ragazzi, Guido Viel, and Santo Davide Ferrara. "Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies: Markers of Endothelial Damage and Metabolomic Profile." Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, no. 4 (May 23, 2013): 816–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2013.33.

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The aim of this study was to assess the aorta–intima thickness (aIT) and serum metabolomic profile in selective intrauterine growth-restricted (sIUGR) monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin fetuses presenting Doppler velocimetry alterations. Fetal abdominal aIT was measured by ultrasound at 32 weeks of gestation, enrolling 24 MCDA twin fetuses (8 sIUGR and 16 controls). sIUGR twin fetuses were classified into two groups: Group 1 consisted of sIUGR with abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler waveforms and Group 2 included sIUGR with normal UA Doppler. Group 3 were control fetuses appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Fetal blood samples were obtained from the umbilical vein immediately after fetal extraction. A non-targeted metabolomic profiling investigated fetal metabolism alterations by using liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Median fetal aIT was significantly larger in Group 1 (median value = 0.9 mm; range = 0.8–1.0 mm; p < .002) and Group 2 (median value = 0.8 mm; range = 0.7–0.8 mm; p < .002) than in AGA Group 3 (median value = 0.5 mm; range = 0.4–0.6 mm; p < .002). Metabolomic analyses, performed on four sIUGR cases (Group 1) compared with four AGA co-twins, showed an upregulation of phenylalanine, sphingosine, glycerophosphocholine, and choline, and a downregulation of valine, tryptophan, isoleucine, and proline sIUGR Group 1 compared with AGA. Although for metabolomics data only a statistical tendency (and not a statistical significance) was reached due to the small sample size, we believe that our results represent a valid starting point for further in-depth metabolomic and proteomic investigations of sIUGR in MCDA fetuses.
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Wang, Xueju, Huifeng Shi, Luyao Li, Pengbo Yuan, Yangyu Zhao, and Yuan Wei. "A study on the correlation of placental characteristics and the onset of selective intrauterine growth restriction." Science Progress 105, no. 1 (January 2022): 003685042210863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504221086358.

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Objective: To investigate the correlation between placental characteristics and the onset of selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and to explore the influence of placental characteristics on sIUGR onset. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at our hospital from April 2013 to April 2019. The pregnancy data and placental perfusion of 114 sIUGR patients who had received conservative treatment and delivered in our hospital were included. Correlation analysis was conducted between the total diameter of placental anastomoses, placental territory discordance, umbilical cord insertion point distance ratio, and the onset time of sIUGR. Results: The prevalence of AA anastomoses was 88.6% (101/114), with an average total diameter of 2.8 ± 1.5 mm, the prevalence of AV anastomoses was 93.9% (107/114), with an average diameter of 5.4 ± 3.6 mm, and the prevalence of VV anastomoses was 18.4% (21/114), with an average diameter of 4.0 ± 1.9 mm. There was a significant negative correlation between the time of sIUGR onset and the placental territory discordance ratio with a Spearman correlation coefficient of −0.306 ( P = 0.001). Conclusions: The larger the placental territory discordance, the earlier onset time of sIUGR.
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Carmant, Laurence, Sandrine Wavrant, and Elisabeth Codsi. "Expectant Management of Monochorionic-Triamniotic Triplets Complicated by Selective In Utero Growth Restriction: Report of 2 Cases." Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020 (October 3, 2020): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2979261.

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The optimal management of monochorionic-triamniotic (MCTA) triplet pregnancies is not clearly established, and there is no literature to guide management of MCTA complicated with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). This gap in knowledge and the concern for higher risk of severe complications have led some medical societies to recommend selective termination of nontrichorionic triplet pregnancies. We sought to report the favourable outcomes of two MCTA complicated by sIUGR expectantly managed at Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Canada. The first case is of a 42-year-old woman with spontaneous MCTA triplets diagnosed at 18 weeks with type II sIUGR who opted for expectant management. The second patient was a 22-year-old woman with a spontaneous MCTA triplet pregnancy diagnosed at 18 weeks with type III sIUGR. Our experience shows that close serial ultrasounds could potentially allow physicians to foresee fetal deterioration. In our opinion, expectant management should be considered as a management option for MCTA complicated by sIUGR.
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Machado, Rita de Cássia Alam, Maria de Lourdes Brizot, Seizo Miyadahira, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco, Vera Lúcia Jornada Krebs, and Marcelo Zugaib. "Intrauterine growth restriction in monochorionic-diamniotic twins." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 60, no. 6 (December 2014): 585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.60.06.019.

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Objective: to evaluate neonatal morbidity and mortality in monochorionic- -diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies complicated by selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and non-selective intrauterine growth resctriction (nsIUGR). Methods: neonatal morbidity parameters and mortality were analyzed in 34 twins with IUGR (< 10th percentile on twins’ growth charts): 18 with sIUGR and 16 with nsIUGR. The sIUGR group was made up of 18 pregnancies in which growth was restricted in only one fetus (n = 18). The nsIUGR group was composed of 8 pregnancies in which both fetuses presented restricted growth (n = 16). Cases of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome and fetal malformation were not included in the study. Results: the MCDA twin pregnancies with sIUGR had a higher rate of orotracheal intubation (p = 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.0006), as well as longer than average fasting time (p = 0.014) compared to those in which the fetuses had nsIUGR. A higher incidence was also observed of types II and III umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry patterns in the sIUGR cases (p = 0.002). There was no significant difference between the two groups as to mortality during pregnancy and the neonatal period (p = 0.09). Conclusion: in MCDA twin pregnancies, sIUGR presents more severe umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry abnormalities and worse morbidity than nsIUGR.
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de Haseth, S. B., M. C. Haak, A. A. W. Roest, M. E. B. Rijlaarsdam, D. Oepkes, and E. Lopriore. "Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction in Monochorionic Twins with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/426825.

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Monochorionic twin pregnancies are at increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR), and higher incidence of congenital heart malformations. The incidence of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) in recipients with TTTS is known to be higher than in the general population. There is limited data on the risk of RVOTO in monochorionic twins with sIUGR. We report a case of RVOTO in the larger twin in a monochorionic twin pregnancy with sIUGR, treated successfully with balloon dilatation after birth.
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Chang, Yao-Lung, An-Shine Chao, Hsiu-Huei Peng, Shuenn-Dyh Chang, Sheng-Yuan Su, Kuan-Ju Chen, Po-Jen Cheng, and Tzu-Hao Wang. "Increased Fetal Plasma Erythropoietin in Monochorionic Twin Pregnancies With Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Abnormal Umbilical Artery Doppler." Twin Research and Human Genetics 19, no. 4 (May 10, 2016): 383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2016.38.

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Hypoxia is the primary stimulus for the production of erythropoietin (EPO) in both fetal and adult life. Here, we investigated fetal plasma EPO concentrations in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and abnormal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler. We diagnosed sIUGR in presence of (1) birth-weight discordance >20% and (2) either twin with a birth weight <10th percentile. An abnormal UA Doppler was defined as a persistent absent-reverse end diastolic flow (AREDF). The intertwin EPO ratio was calculated as the plasma EPO level of the smaller (or small-for-gestational-age) twin divided by the EPO concentration of the larger (or appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA)) twin. Thirty-two MC twin pairs were included. Of these, 17 pairs were normal twins (Group 1), seven pairs were twins with sIUGR without UA Doppler abnormalities (Group 2), and eight pairs were twins with sIUGR and UA Doppler abnormalities (Group 3). The highest EPO ratio was identified in Group 3 (p< .001) but no significant differences were observed between Groups 1 and 2. Fetal hemoglobin levels did not differ significantly in the three groups, and fetal EPO concentration did not correlate with gestational age at birth. We conclude that fetal plasma EPO concentrations are selectively increased in MC twin pregnancies with sIUGR and abnormal UA Doppler, possibly as a result of uncompensated hypoxia.
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Xueju, Wang, Li Luyao, Yuan Pengbo, Shi Huifeng, Zhao Yangyu, and Wei Yuan. "Comparison of the ratio of placental territory discordance to birthweight discordance in placentas of monochorionic diamniotic twins." Science Progress 104, no. 2 (April 2021): 003685042110105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00368504211010595.

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The ratio of placental territory discordance to birthweight discordance was calculated in monochorionic diamniotic twin placentas. We then determined whether the ratio: (1) correlated with the overall diameter of the placental superficial vascular anastomoses and (2) was different in normal monochorionic diamniotic twin (normal MCDA), twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) pregnancies. A prospective study of MCDA placentas was conducted from April 1, 2016, to April 1, 2019, including three groups, normal MCDA ( N = 49), TTTS ( N = 38), and sIUGR ( N = 52). Placentas were studied via dye injection. In the normal MCDA, sIUGR, and TTTS groups, the ratio positively correlated with the overall diameter of the placental superficial vascular anastomoses (Spearman’s = 0.295, 0.619, and 0.530; p = 0.040, <0.001, and 0.001, respectively) and gradually decreased from normal MCDA to sIUGR and to TTTS (2.88 (0.34, 64.25), 1.70 (0.27, 4.52), and 1.03 (0.12, 15.17); p < 0.001, p = 0.016/<0.001/0.005, respectively). The placental territory discordance to birthweight discordance ratio is an effective index reflecting the overall vascular anastomoses in MCDA placentas.
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Gou, Chenyu, Xiangzhen Liu, Xiaomei Shi, Hanjing Chai, Zhi-ming He, Xuan Huang, and Qun Fang. "Placental Expressions of CDKN1C and KCNQ1OT1 in Monozygotic Twins with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction." Twin Research and Human Genetics 20, no. 5 (August 14, 2017): 389–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2017.41.

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CDKN1C and KCNQ1OT1 are imprinted genes that might be potential regulators of placental development. This study investigated placental expressions of CDKN1C and KCNQ1OT1 in monozygotic twins with and without selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). Seventeen sIUGR and fifteen normal monozygotic(MZ) twin pairs were examined. Placental mRNA expressions of CDKN1C and KCNQ1OT1 were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. CDKN1C protein expression was detected by immunohistochemical assay and Western-blotting. In the sIUGR group, smaller fetuses had a smaller share of the placenta, and CDKN1C protein expression was significantly increased while KCNQ1OT1 mRNA expression was significantly decreased. The CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1 mRNA ratio was lower in the larger fetus than in the smaller fetus (p < .05). In the control group, CDKN1C protein expression showed no difference between larger and smaller fetuses, while KCNQ1OT1 mRNA expression was significantly lower in the larger fetus, and the CDKN1C/KCNQ1OT1 mRNA ratio was higher in the larger fetus than in the smaller fetus (p < .05). Our findings showed that pathogenesis of sIUGR may be related to the co-effect of the up-regulated protein expression of CDKN1C and down-regulated mRNA expression of KCNQ1OT1 in the placenta.
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Pavlichenko, M. V., N. V. Kosovtsova, Ya Yu Pospelova, and T. V. Markova. "Physical development of preterm monochorionic diamniotic twins at birth: retrospective cohort study." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 30, no. 1 (February 17, 2023): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2023-30-1-37-48.

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Background. Much controversy surrounds the estimation of anthropometric parameters in multiple newborns. In newborn monochorionic diamniotic twins, these parameters can be affected by specific antenatal complications.Objectives. To estimate the physical development parameters of preterm monochorionic diamniotic twins according to standards proposed within the INTERGROWTH-21st project, taking specific intrauterine complications into account.Methods. The anthropometric data were analyzed in 148 pairs of newborn monochorionic diamniotic twins, who were divided into three groups according to the presence of specific intrauterine complications: Group I (n = 56 pairs) — twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS); Group II (n = 38 pairs) — selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR); Group III (n = 58 pairs) — absence of the above-mentioned specific complications. The obtained data were statistically processed on a personal computer via variation statistics methods using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets (Microsoft, USA) and an online service available at https://medstatistic.ru.Results. Newborns with sIUGR (37–100.0%) and 26 (49.1%) donors fell into the category of newborns light for gestational age. Disharmonious (3–10th percentile) and markedly disharmonious (below the 3rd percentile) physical development at birth was most commonly observed in newborns with sIUGR and, to a lesser extent, in donors (OR — 9.2; 95% CI — 3.2–24.3; p < 0.05), which was noted only occasionally in monochorionic twins from other groups. A combined decrease in the values of birth centiles for head circumference, body weight, and body length was found in 13 (35.1%) newborns with sIUGR and in 12 (22.6%) donors, which may mark the severity of antenatal complications and the development of neurological deficit.Conclusion. Monochorionic diamniotic twins include newborns having greater and lower body weights. In the newborn having a lower birth weight, specific complications associated with monochorionic multiple pregnancy result in body weight and length deficit, disharmonious development due to the lack of nourishment (22.6% in the TTTS group and 73.0% in the sIUGR group), as well as delayed head circumference growth in 56.8% of newborns with sIUGR.
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Aquino, Carolina, Ana Elisa Rodrigues Baião, and Paulo Roberto Nassar de Carvalho. "Perinatal Outcome of Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Monochorionic Twins: Evaluation of a Retrospective Cohort in a Developing Country." Twin Research and Human Genetics 24, no. 1 (February 2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2021.7.

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AbstractSelective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) in monochorionic twin pregnancies is associated with greater morbidity and mortality for both fetuses when compared to singleton and dichorionic pregnancies. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the perinatal outcomes of monochorionic twin pregnancies affected by this disorder and conducted expectantly, by analyzing the results according to the end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery Doppler of the smaller twin (type I: persistently forward/type II: persistently absent or reversed/type III: intermittently absent or reversed). Seventy-five monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies with sIUGR were included in this study. sIUGR was defined by estimated fetal weight below the 3rd centile for gestational age, or below the 10th centile, when associated with at least one of the following three criteria: abdominal circumference below the 10th percentile, umbilical artery pulsatility index of the smaller twin above the 95th percentile, or estimated fetal weight discordance of 25% or more. Perinatal outcomes were analyzed from the prenatal period to hospital discharge and included perinatal death, neurological injury, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and sepsis. The mortality rate was 1.33% in this cohort. The overall morbidity rate was lower in type I twin pregnancies. In conclusion, this study shows that sIUGR type I has lower morbidity than types II and III in expectant management.
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Chen, Lu, Hong Wen, Yuhang Zhu, Fangfang Wang, Li Zhao, Qiongxin Liang, and Fan Qu. "miR-373-3p Regulates the Proliferative and Migratory Properties of Human HTR8 Cells via SLC38A1 Modulation." Disease Markers 2022 (June 28, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6582357.

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The genetic pathogenesis of selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) remains elusive, with evidence suggesting an important role of epigenetic factors such as microRNAs. In this study, we explored the relevance of miR-373-3p to the occurrence of sIUGR. Hypoxia enhanced the levels of miR-373-3p and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, while HIF-1α knockdown not only boosted the migration and proliferation of HTR8 cells but also suppressed the hypoxia-induced upregulation of miR-373-3p and SLC38A1. By contrast, HIF-1α overexpression induced miR-373-3p downregulation and SLC38A1 upregulation, reducing cell growth and migration, which could be reversed by a miR-373-3p inhibitor. Importantly, the miR-373-3p inhibitor and mimic reproduced phenomena similar to those induced by HIF-1α downregulation and overexpression, respectively (including altered SLC38A1 expression, mTOR activation, cell growth, and migration). Mechanistically, the miRNA regulated cell behaviors and related mTOR signaling by targeting SLC38A1 expression through an interaction with the 3 ′ -untranslated region of SLC38A1. The placental tissues of smaller sIUGR fetuses exhibited miR-373-3p and HIF-1α upregulation, SLC38A1 downregulation, and activated mTOR. Overall, miR-373-3p appears to restrict the growth and migration of HTR8 trophoblast cells by targeting SLC38A1, as observed in the placental tissues associated with smaller sIUGR fetuses, and it could have utility in the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.
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Parra-Cordero, Mauro, Mar Bennasar, José María Martínez, Elisenda Eixarch, Ximena Torres, and Eduard Gratacós. "Cord Occlusion in Monochorionic Twins with Early Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Abnormal Umbilical Artery Doppler: A Consecutive Series of 90 Cases." Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 39, no. 3 (September 8, 2015): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000439023.

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Objective: To describe perinatal outcomes achieved with cord occlusion (CO) in monochorionic twins with severe selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler in the IUGR twin (types II and III). Methods: We studied a consecutive series of 90 cases of sIUGR with abnormal Doppler treated with CO of the IUGR fetus. Abnormal Doppler was defined as continuous (type II, n = 41) or intermittent (type III, n = 49) absent/reversed end-diastolic flow. All cases presented at least one of the following severity criteria: gestational age (GA) <22 weeks, inter-twin estimated weight discordance >35%, reversed end-diastolic umbilical artery flow or ductus venosus pulsatility index >95th centile. We prospectively recorded pregnancy course and perinatal outcome. Results: Median GA at surgery was 20.6 weeks and mean duration 22.4 min. Miscarriage (<24 weeks) occurred in 3.3% (3/90) and preterm delivery <32 weeks in 7.1% (6/84) of continuing pregnancies. GA at delivery was 36.4 weeks and neonatal survival of the larger twin was achieved in 93.3%. Conclusion: In a consecutive series studied by an experienced team, CO in monochorionic twins with severe sIUGR type II or III was associated with delivery >32 weeks in 92.9% and neonatal survival of the normal twin in 93.3% of pregnancies.
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Suresh, Indrani, Chitra Andrew, and Suresh Seshadri. "Relationship of Fetal Complications in Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy with Placental Site Cord Insertion: A Retrospective Analysis of 30 Months Data in a Referral Fetal Medicine Center." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 8, no. 4 (2016): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1439.

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ABSTRACT Aims Among the increasing twin gestations, monochorionic twins occur in about 12 to 15% of all twin gestations and the occurrence is about 1 in 20 in assistive reproductive technology pregnancies. Early detection of twin to twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) or selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) aids the obstetrician in counseling and therapy as required. Materials and methods This is a retrospective cohort study of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) pregnancies referred from January 2011 to June 2013. Those cases that had crown rump length and nuchal translucency measurements done in the first trimester and then at least one subsequent scan at > 16 weeks, at the institution were chosen. The objective was to assess the utility of placental site of cord insertion in early second trimester scan to predict fetal outcome in monochorionic twin pregnancy. The patient characteristics, placental cord insertion site, and neonatal outcomes were compared among TTTS, sIUGR, and normal groups. Discussion Of 89 MCDA pregnancies, only 60 had been referred for second trimester scan. Among these, in 48 (80%) of pregnancies, both babies were delivered and discharged alive and well. Cord insertions that were eccentric or central were classified as “type A”. Marginal and velamentous cord insertions were classified as “type B”. Pregnancies with both types A and B insertions were called “concordant cord insertions group” and the others were classified as “discordant cord insertions” group. The two groups were compared to look for the pregnancy complications — TTTS or sIUGR. Results The concordant cord insertions (n = 33) had 84.8% of pregnancies having a normal pregnancy and 12.1 and 3.1% developing sIUGR and TTTS respectively. The discordant cord insertion group (n = 27) had 59.2% with normal findings at the second scan and 14.8 and 26% developing sIUGR and TTTS respectively. The incidence of TTTS was 30% in twin pairs with discordant cord insertions and 3% in twin pairs with concordant cord insertions (p = 0.0158). Cord insertions did not influence the occurrence of sIUGR in our study. (p = 0.69). Significantly more pregnancies with concordant cord insertions had normal outcomes (p = 0.02). Conclusion Determination of placental site of cord insertion should be incorporated into protocols of twin pregnancy care. This is a window of opportunity to gain valuable information regarding the pregnancy. Further large studies incorporating fetal biometric and Doppler parameters could show the relative utility of each parameter in the detection of MCDA vascular complications. If the MCDA pregnancy can be classified as “low risk” then reassessment intervals can be extended. This would help to reduce patient stress and costs involved in repeated scans. How to cite this article Andrew C, Suresh I, Seshadri S. Relationship of Fetal Complications in Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancy with Placental Site Cord Insertion: A Retrospective Analysis of 30 Months Data in a Referral Fetal Medicine Center. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2016;8(4):304-308.
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Nesarajah, L., R. Narayan, and J. Hyett. "OP21.08: Evaluating the Gratacós classification system for sIUGR." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 42, s1 (October 2013): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.12905.

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Mercier, Jessica, Letizia Gremillet, Antoine Netter, Cécile Chau, Catherine Gire, and Barthélémy Tosello. "Neonatal and Long-Term Prognosis of Monochorionic Diamniotic Pregnancies Complicated by Selective Growth Restriction." Children 9, no. 5 (May 11, 2022): 708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9050708.

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Background: There are few data concerning the neonatal and long-term prognosis of monochorionic biamniotic twin pregnancies (MCBA) complicated by selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR). The aim of the study is to assess the neurological outcomes at two years of age of these newborns and compares these outcomes to those of newborns resulting from intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies. Methods: The study focuses on a cross-sectional prospective cohort of patients treated between 2012 and 2019 in Marseille, France. The primary endpoint is the overall score of the Ages and Stages questionnaires (ASQ) at two years, which assesses the global neurodevelopment. The secondary endpoint is the assessment of neonatal morbi-mortality for both groups (composite endpoint). Results: In total, 251 patients were included in the analysis: 67 in the sIUGR group and 184 in the IUGR group. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall ASQ score at two years but there was the finest motor skills impairment in the IUGR group. The areas most often impaired were communication and fine motor skills. There were no significant differences between the neonatal morbi-mortality of the two groups (adjusted OR = 0.95, p = 0.9). Conclusions: Newborns from MCBA pregnancies with sIUGR appear to have similar overall neurological development to IUGR. Notably, IUGR seems to have the most moderate neurobehavioral disorder (fine motor) as a consequence of impaired antenatal brain development due to placenta insufficiency leading to chronic hypoxia.
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Belfort, M. "Expectant management is appropriate in some sIUGR monochorionic twins." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 128, no. 2 (July 27, 2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.16337.

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Miller, E., K. Gosnell, L. Rand, J. Gonzalez, C. Blat, and N. Ghaffari. "P11.03: Predictors of TTTS and SIUGR in monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 54, S1 (September 30, 2019): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.20979.

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Zhu, Gaibian, Qiuyan Zhang, and Sujuan He. "Relationship between Twin-to-Twin Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction with sFas/sFasL Level of Umbilical Cord Blood Using Doppler Ultrasound Fetal Heart Rhythm Detection Algorithm." Scientific Programming 2021 (December 20, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6256562.

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The study focused on the application value of ultrasound Doppler fetal heart rate detection algorithm based on short-time Fourier transform (STFT) in the diagnosis of twin-to-twin selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and the correlation between twin-to-twin sIUGR and sFas/sFasL levels of umbilical cord blood. The normalized method was introduced into the STFT algorithm to optimize it to detect the fetal instantaneous heart rate. 82 pregnant women with twin pregnancies were selected as the research subjects and they were divided into the restricted group (41 cases) and the control group (41 cases) according to whether the fetus had selective growth restriction. The two groups were compared for the differences in the fetal mortality, complication rate, and sFas/sFasL expression levels. The results showed that the STFT-based ultrasonic Doppler fetal heart rate detection algorithm could ensure the quality of the fetal heart rate signal and had high resolution at the 200–400 Hz characteristic frequency band and that the accuracy in distinguishing S1 and S2 was 5.8% higher than that of the traditional autocorrelation algorithm. The proportion of abnormal fetal heart rate in the restricted group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ), birth weight was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ), and fetal mortality was significantly higher than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). In restricted group, the content of sFas in cord blood was (3326.54 ± 317.42) pg/mL and that in the control group was (2003.29 ± 196.45) pg/mL. The content of sFas in cord blood of the restricted group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.01 ). In the restricted group, the content of sFasL in cord blood was (382.52 ± 36.17) pg/mL, and that in the control group was (180.84 ± 16.20) pg/mL. The content of sFasL in cord blood of the restricted group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.001 ). It was concluded that the STFT-based ultrasound Doppler fetal heart rate monitoring is beneficial to early diagnosis and timely intervention of twin-to-twin sIUGR.
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Ha, Thi Tieu Di, Ta Son Vo, and Duc Vinh Le. "Nghiên cứu các đặc điểm siêu âm và kết quả xử trí thai kỳ song thai một bánh nhau tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản Nhi Đà Nẵng." Tạp chí Phụ sản 16, no. 4 (June 1, 2019): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46755/vjog.2019.4.569.

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Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu các đặc điểm siêu âm song thai một bánh nhau và kết quả xử trí. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Gồm 61 thai phụ được chẩn đoán song thai một bánh nhau từ tháng 8/2018 đến 3/2019 tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản - Nhi Đà Nẵng, được nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả và hồi cứu. Kết quả: Thai phụ 25 - 34 tuổi tỉ lệ cao nhất 78,7%, trung bình 28,3 ± 4,2 tuổi. Nhóm thai phụ Đà Nẵng chiếm 50,8% và ngoại tỉnh 49,2%. Thai phụ là công nhân viên tỉ lệ cao nhất 36,0% (p > 0,05). Bản thân và gia đình không có tiền sử sinh song thai tỉ lệ 83,5%. Tất cả thai phụ phát hiện song thai một bánh nhau trong quí I. 8,2% trường hợp siêu âm 3 tháng đầu có chênh lệch khoảng mờ gáy (> bách phân vị 95) và chiều dài đầu - mông thai nhi. Song thai một nhau - hai ối chiếm 95,1%. Thai chậm tăng trưởng chọn lọc (sIUGR) chiếm tỉ lệ cao nhất 41%, type I:34,5%; hội chứng truyền máu cho nhận (TTTS) 11,5%. Chúng tôi giảm ối 3/7 trường hợp TTTS; 37,7% sIUGR được theo dõi đến lúc sinh, can thiệp bào thai: 1 trường hợp đốt laser (TTTS), 3 trường hợp hủy thai chọn lọc (3 TTTS kèm 2 sIUGR,). Tuổi thai lúc sinh 32 - 36 tuần tỉ lệ cao nhất 65,6%, trung bình 35,2 ± 2,5 tuần. Kết quả sau sinh: Cả 2 thai sinh ra sống tỉ lệ cao nhất 88,5%; Apgar < 7 điểm sau 1 phút: 26,3% - sau 5 phút: 19,3%; cân nặng trung bình 2211,5 ± 519,5g. Kết luận: Song thai là một thai nghén nguy cơ cao, đặc biệt song thai một bánh nhau có các biến chứng nguy hiểm tính mạng thai nhi. Vì vậy thai phụ cần khám thai và theo dõi chặt chẽ tại Bệnh viện chuyên khoa sâu sản - nhi đế phát hiện và xử trí kịp thời các biến chứng xảy ra.
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Chang, Yao-Lung, Shuenn-Dyh Chang, An-Shine Chao, Peter C. C. Hsieh, Chao-Nin Wang, and Tzu-Hao Wang. "Placenta Share Discordance and Umbilical Artery Doppler Change After Antenatal Betamethasone Administration in Monochorionic Twins With Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Is There a Link?" Twin Research and Human Genetics 15, no. 5 (July 3, 2012): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.39.

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This study was designed to evaluate the degree of placenta share discordance in relation to the betamethasone-induced return of positive end-diastolic flow in monochorionic twin pregnancies with selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) and abnormal umbilical artery Doppler. Monochorionic twins with sIUGR was defined as one twin having an estimated fetal weight below the 10th percentile combined with an estimated fetal weight discordance >25%. The umbilical artery Doppler directly prior to (D0) and 24 hours (D1) and 48 hours (D2) after the first dose of betamethasone administration was recorded. The estimated individual placental weight in monochorionic twins was obtained by cutting the placenta along the vascular equator into two territories; the placenta share discordance was calculated as [(estimated individual placental weight of appropriated for gestational age twin- estimated individual placental weight of growth restricted twin)/estimated individual placental weight of appropriated for gestational age twin] × 100%. Six (23.1%) of the 26 included cases achieved betamethasone-induced return of positive umbilical artery end-diastolic flow. The difference of placenta share discordance and birth weight discordance were not significantly different between twins with and without betamethasone-induced return of positive umbilical artery end-diastolic flow. Thus, according to our study results, it was proposed that although the placenta share discordance correlated with the abnormal umbilical artery Doppler in the IUGR fetus in monochorionic twin, the betamethasone-induced return of positive umbilical artery end-diastolic flow, however, did not reveal the similar relationship with the severity of placenta share discordance.
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Chmait, Ramen H., Andrew H. Chon, Lisa M. Korst, Stephen Ma, Arlyn Llanes, and Joseph Ouzounian. "227: Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction (SIUGR) type II: Proposed subclassification and management algorithm." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 220, no. 1 (January 2019): S164—S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.248.

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Bamberg, C., E. Tobler, E. Huhn, M. Tavares Sousa, and K. Hecher. "EP21.17: sIUGR in monochorionic twins: liveborn rates and neonatal deaths after expectant management." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 54, S1 (September 30, 2019): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.21570.

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Chmait, Ramen H., Andrew H. Chon, Lisa M. Korst, Stephen Ma, Arlyn Llanes, and Joseph Ouzounian. "228: Monochorionic twins with Selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction (SIUGR) type II: Laser surgery versus cord occlusion." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 220, no. 1 (January 2019): S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.249.

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27

Brock, Clifton O., Eleazar E. Soto Torres, Baha M. Sibai, Kenneth J. Moise, Anthony Johnson, Sean Blackwell, and Ramesha Papanna. "355: sIUGR in monochorionic diamniotic twins: Is it discordance >25%, EFW < 10th percentile or both?" American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 222, no. 1 (January 2020): S237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2019.11.371.

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Avnet, H., V. Leung, J. Alphonse, G. Beirne, and A. W. Welsh. "OP02.06: Evaluation of multimodality, global fetal cardiac function assessment in pregnancies complicated with IUGR, TTTS and sIUGR." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 50 (September 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.17707.

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Soliman, Nancy, Stephanie Cooper, Abhay Lodha, and Amy Metcalfe. "523: Clinical outcomes of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twins diagnosed with selective intrauterine growth restriction (siugr) before 24 weeks." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 212, no. 1 (January 2015): S261—S262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.569.

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Valsky, D. V., A. Shalata, V. Meiner, S. Yagel, and Y. Sciaky Tamir. "OP25.06: Selective feticide in monochorionic dizygotic twins discordant for heart anomaly and sIUGR with prenatally confirmed blood chimerism." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 50 (September 2017): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.17932.

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Cosmi, E., S. Visentin, V. Macchi, and R. De Caro. "OP30.09: Perinatal outcome and timing of delivery in type II monochorionic twins with sIUGR and marginal umbilical cord insertion." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 40, S1 (September 2012): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.11688.

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32

Batsry, L., B. Weisz, N. Duvdevani, B. Chayen, S. Lipitz, and Y. Yinon. "OP15.05: Perinatal outcome of monochorionic twins with sIUGR according to the umbilical artery Doppler flow pattern: a prospective cohort study." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 52 (October 2018): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.19528.

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VanWinden, Kristi, Ruben Quintero, Eftichia Kontopoulos, Lisa Korst, Arlyn Llanes, and Ramen Chmait. "179: Placental characteristics of monochorionic gestations complicated by twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) with and without selective intrauterine growth restriction (SIUGR)." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 212, no. 1 (January 2015): S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.225.

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34

Antsaklis, Aris, and Panagiotis Antsaklis. "Invasive Procedures in Monochorionic Twins." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 9, no. 3 (2015): 280–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1415.

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ABSTRACT Monochorionic twin pregnancies (MC) are less frequent but they are considered higher risk pregnancies compared to dichorionic pregnancies. As a result, determining the chorionicity of a twin pregnancy is of vital importance for the surveillance and management of the pregnancy. The problem originates from the fact that monochorionic twins have one placenta, and as a result the circulation of the two fetuses is closely related to each other mainly through anastomosis of the placenta. The number and type of anastomosis is of great importance for the course of the pregnancy. Diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities in such pregnancies requires excellent knowledge of invasive procedures and good clinical skills. Monochorionic twins are at increased risk for unique complications including twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR), and twin-reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome is a very well known and described complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies and must be considered and checked in each monochorionic pregnancy. Selective feticide is not a method used very commonly in MC pregnancies, but may be applied in selected cases. For TTTS laser treatment of the anastomosis is a method of choice, but should be performed in centers with experience. How to cite this article Antsaklis A, Antsaklis P. Invasive Procedures in Monochorionic Twins. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(3):280-292.
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Visentin, S., V. Macchi, F. Grumolato, O. Anis, R. De Caro, and E. Cosmi. "OP31.04: Marginal umbilical cord insertion in sIUGR monochorionic twins does not correlate with TTTS and optimal timing of delivery avoid adverse perinatal outcome." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 38, S1 (September 14, 2011): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.9548.

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Nagasaki, S., M. Nakata, M. Takano, J. Sakuma, R. Ueyama, and M. Morita. "OP17.11: Modified sequential method combined with Solomon technique is useful to prevent fetal demise of donor twins of TTTS and larger twins for sIUGR." Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 54, S1 (September 30, 2019): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.20826.

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37

Wataganara, Tuangsit, Piengbulan Yapan, Sakita Moungmaithong, Nalat Sompagdee, Nisarat Phithakwatchara, Pattarawan Limsiri, Katika Nawapun, Thanapa Rekhawasin, and Pattarawalai Talungchit. "Additional benefits of three-dimensional ultrasound for prenatal assessment of twins." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 48, no. 2 (February 25, 2020): 102–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2019-0409.

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AbstractThree-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) may provide additional information for prenatal assessment of twins. It may improve the diagnostic confidence of dating, nuchal translucency (NT) and chorionicity assignment in twin pregnancies. The “virtual 3DUS placentoscopy” can guide selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (SFLP) to treat twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Volumetric assessment of the dysmorphic acardiac twin with the Virtual Organ Computer-aided Analysis (VOCAL) software is more accurate than the conventional ultrasound measurement. Twin anemia polycythemia (TAP) sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) may be clinically monitored with 3DUS placental volume (PV) and power Doppler vascular indices. Congenital anomalies are more common in twins. Evaluation of fetal anomalies with 3DUS could assist perinatal management. The 3DUS power Doppler can provide a better understanding of true and false umbilical cord knots, which are commonly found in monoamniotic (MA) twins. Single demise in monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies can cause severe neurologic morbidity in the surviving co-twin. Prenatal prediction of brain injury in the surviving co-twin with unremarkable neurosonographic examination is difficult. The 3DUS power Doppler may aid in prenatal detection of subtle abnormal cerebral perfusion. Prenatal assessment of conjoined twins with 3DUS is important if emergency postnatal surgical separation is anticipated. There is no significant additional advantage in using real-time 3DUS to guide prenatal interventions. Assessment of the cervix and pelvic floor during twin pregnancies is enhanced with 3DUS. Due to lack of high-quality studies, routine prenatal 3DUS in twin pregnancies needs to be balanced with risks of excessive ultrasound exposure.
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Смирнов, Валерий В., Людмила М. Красных, Игорь П. Шиловский, Александра П. Рыженкова, Муса Р. Хаитов, and Владимир Н. Дроздов. "Подходы к фармацевтическому анализу инновационного липосамального препарата для лечения гепатита C." Химико-фармацевтический журнал 52, no. 3 (April 28, 2018): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30906/0023-1134-2018-52-3-59-61.

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Объектом исследования является композиция «Y14/siUTR», представляющая собой комплекс, состоящий из 2 компонентов: 1) вспомогательного вещества — катионного липопептида Y14; 2) фармацевтической субстанции — молекул малых интерферирующих РНК (миРНК), направленных против региона UTR вируса гепатита C (siUTR). Композиция предназначена для ингибирования репликативного цикла вируса гепатита C. Целью данной работы являлась разработка методов фармацевтического анализа компонентов данной композиции. В ходе работы использованы методы ВЭЖХ-УФ и УФ-спектроскопия.
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Chiles, T. C., and T. L. Rothstein. "Surface Ig receptor-induced nuclear AP-1-dependent gene expression in B lymphocytes." Journal of Immunology 149, no. 3 (August 1, 1992): 825–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.149.3.825.

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Abstract The relationship between signals generated via the sIgR complex of B lymphocytes and subsequent changes in gene expression is poorly understood at the molecular level. To illuminate mechanisms that may couple these events, we examined the expression and function of tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-response element (TRE)-binding proteins (i.e., activator protein 1, (AP-1)) in the murine B lymphoma cell line BAL-17.7.1 (BAL-17), which models primary B lymphocyte responses in a number of respects. Cross-linking of sIgR led to substantial induction of nuclear AP-1, in BAL-17 B cells, that bound the TRE, as detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The sIgR-induced TRE-binding activity consisted of both Jun and Fos proteins, on the basis of immunoreactivity of nucleoprotein complexes with specific antisera. In addition, immunoprecipitation with specific antisera showed that de novo synthesis of Jun-B and c-Jun proteins, accompanied by c-Fos, was stimulated after cross-linking of sIgR on BAL-17 B cells. Transient transfection of BAL-17 B cells with reporter gene constructs showed that B cell AP-1 failed to trans-activate the TRE-containing human collagenase gene promoter, for which activity is dependent upon functional expression of cellular c-Jun. In contrast, sIg-induced AP-1 trans-activated a HSV-tk promoter that contained three TRE; this pattern of gene expression is consistent with the presence of functional Jun-B-containing AP-1 in B lymphocytes. These results are the first to attribute a functional role to sIgR-mediated AP-1 in B lymphoid cells and suggest that AP-1 functions to couple the sIgR complex to changes in nuclear gene expression.
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Størvold, Tore. "Sigur Rós: reception, borealism, and musical style." Popular Music 37, no. 3 (September 12, 2018): 371–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143018000442.

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AbstractSince the international breakthrough of The Sugarcubes and Björk in the late 1980s, the Anglophone discourse surrounding Icelandic popular music has proven to be the latest instance of a long history of representation in which the North Atlantic island is imagined as an icy periphery on the edge of European civilization. This mode of representation is especially prominent in the discourse surrounding post-rock band Sigur Rós. This article offers a critical reading of the band's reception in the Anglo-American music press during the period of their breakthrough in the UK and USA. Interpretative strategies among listeners and critics are scrutinised using the concept of borealism (Schram 2011) in order to examine attitudes towards the Nordic regions evident in the portrayals of Sigur Rós. Reception issues then form the basis for a musical analysis of a seminal track in the band's history, aiming to demonstrate how specific details in Sigur Rós's style relate to its reception and the discourse surrounding it. The article finds that much of the metaphorical language present in the band's reception can be linked to techniques of musical spatiality, the unusual sound of the bowed electric guitar and non-normative uses of voice and language.
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Gibran, Akhmad Khahlil, Rachmad Setijadi, Eko Bayu Purwasatriya, Dimas Rizki Ananda, and Muhammad Ilham Nabil. "Asosiasi Fasies dan Lingkungan Pengendapan Batuan Sedimen Pliosen-Pleistosen Lembah Bumiayu, Jawa Tengah." Jurnal Sumberdaya Bumi Berkelanjutan (SEMITAN) 1, no. 1 (August 6, 2022): 344–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31284/j.semitan.2022.3103.

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Stratigrafi regional pada Lembah Bumiayu memiliki lingkungan pengendapan yang relatif berbeda terdiri dari Formasi Kalibiuk, Formasi Kaliglagah yang terendapkan pada lingkungan laut, Formasi Mengger dan Formasi Gintung yang terendapkan pada lingkungan non laut. Secara stratigrafi daerah penelitian tersusun atas 10 litofasies secara deskriptif, yaitu batulempung masif karbonat (Fm), batupasir sedang laminasi karbonat (Sh), batupasir kasar silang-siur (Sp), batupasir kasar laminasi (Sh), batupasir kasar laminasi karbonat (Sh), batupasir sedang silang-siur karbonat (Sp), Konglomerat massif karbonat (Gcm), Konglomerat massif (Gcm), Batupasir sedang silang-siur (St), dan batupasir sedang laminasi (Sh). Berdasarkan asosiasi fasies dengan pendekatan model fasies, rekonstruksi paleogeografi daerah penelitian terbagi menjadi 5 tahapan event perubahan asosiasi fasies yaitu pada N19 – N20 terendapkan fasies offshore dengan pengendapan progradasi, Pada N20 – N21 mengalami progradasi terendapkan fasies beach kemudian terjadi retrogradasi dan terendapkan fasies shoreface, Pada N21 – N22 terjadi pengendapan progradasi sehingga terendapkan fasies braided channel fluvial system, dan pada N22 – N23 terjadi kembali pengendapan retrogradasi sehingga terendapkan fasies shoreface.
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Hénin, Michel. "Présentation du SIGR de l’Ile-de-France." Géographes associés 30, no. 1 (2006): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/geoas.2006.2346.

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43

Hall, Þorbjörg Daphne. "Can the Core of Icelanders be Found in the Wilderness?:." European Journal of Musicology 18, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5450/ejm.18.1.2019.57.

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This article investigates how Iceland is presented in Heima: A Film by Sigur Rós and how it relates to the issues of nationalism and national identity in Iceland. In this article stereotypes of the North and Iceland are introduced, and concerns regarding nature and nationalism are presented. The indie band Sigur Rós and the film are discussed, and the relationship between nature and music and their conjunction is analysed. The stereotypes of Icelandic national identity appearing in the film are examined and put in context with the ideas from the national romantic movement and its modern counterparts. This is likewise intertwined with an analysis of the attitudes towards nature conservation in the film. The findings show how the film can be understood as a contribution to nation building based on an “othering” process constructed on stereotypes and nationalism, which originates from both urban and foreign viewpoints.
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Mudedla, Sathish Kumar, Kanagasabai Balamurugan, Manoharan Kamaraj, and Venkatesan Subramanian. "Interaction of nucleobases with silicon doped and defective silicon doped graphene and optical properties." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 1 (2016): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp06059a.

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Kim, Keon Young, Sunmin Kim, Jeong Kuk Park, HyoJin Song, and SangYoun Park. "Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of carboxyl-terminal region 4 of SigR fromStreptomyces coelicolorA3(2)." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 70, no. 6 (May 10, 2014): 747–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x14008437.

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Full-length SigR fromStreptomyces coelicolorA3(2) was overexpressed inEscherichia coli, purified and submitted to crystallization trials using either polyethylene glycol 3350 or 4000 as a precipitant. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.60 Å resolution under cryoconditions using synchrotron X-rays. The crystal packs in space groupP43212, with unit-cell parametersa=b= 42.14,c= 102.02 Å. According to the Matthews coefficient, the crystal asymmetric unit cannot contain the full-length protein. Molecular replacement with the known structures of region 2 and region 4 as independent search models indicates that the crystal contains only the −35 element-binding carboxyl-terminal region 4 of full-length SigR. Mass-spectrometric analysis of the harvested crystal confirms this, suggesting a crystal volume per protein weight (VM) of 2.24 Å3 Da−1and 45.1% solvent content.
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46

Dorsch, Helga. "Siur Ciprian Pescosta (1815–1889). Zur 100. Wiederkehr seines Todestages." Ladinia 13 (1989): 107–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54218/ladinia.13.107-141.

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47

Reddy, P. Vijaya Vardhan, and Lakshmi Rajamani. "Hypervisors’ Guest Isolation Capacity Evaluation in the Private Cloud Using SIAGR Framework." International Journal of Information Technology and Computer Science 7, no. 4 (March 8, 2015): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijitcs.2015.04.06.

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48

Shambaugh, David. "Foreword by the Outgoing Editor." China Quarterly 147 (September 1996): 701–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000051742.

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The publication of this issue signifies the changing of the editorial guard at The China Quarterly. Although I will guest-edit the forthcoming special issue on Contemporary Taiwan (No. 148), it is time to hand over the editorial chair to my successor. This transition is occasioned by my move to the George Washington University to take up the positions of Professor of Political Science and International Affairs, and Director of the Sigur Center for Asian Studies.
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49

Tischer, Matthias. "Recreating the Creation:." European Journal of Musicology 18, no. 1 (February 21, 2020): 128–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5450/ejm.18.1.2019.128.

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Recreating the creation is on the trail of a theory of remix. Using the example of the debut album of the Icelandic band Sigur Ros, the question is asked how nature sounds and pop songs relate to each other and in the tension between production, composition and sampling. In doing so, contemporary poetics and techniques of music production are historically and aesthetically contextualized with the practice of a music that not only wants to reinvent itself, but refers to existing music and sounds.
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50

Størvold, Tore. "Musical aesthetics below ground: volcanic action and the geosocial in Sigur Rós’s “Brennisteinn”." Journal of Aesthetics & Culture 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1761060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20004214.2020.1761060.

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