Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sites Web d'information – 2000-'
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Ferry, Mélisande Couillens Annie. "Mise en oeuvre d'un catalogue collectif et d'un portail d'information sur l'égalité hommes - femmes." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dessride/rsferry.pdf.
Full textJoste, Clémence Meyer Anne. "La place du site web au sein de la bibliothèque." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/joste.pdf.
Full textZhang, Jian. "Content analysis of web sites from 2000 to 2004: a thematic meta-analysis." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2639.
Full textJosé, de Lima Rinaldo. "Extraction d information adaptative de pages web par induction supervisée d extracteurs." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2000.
Full textA Extração de Informação (EI) compreende técnicas e algoritmos que realisam duas tarefas importantes: a identificação de informações desejadas a partir de documentos estruturados e não-estruturados, e o armazenamento dessas informações em um formato apropriado para uso futuro. Este trabalho concentrase nos sistemas d'EI adaptativos que podem ser customizados para novos domínios através de um processo de treinamento (Machine Learning) usando coleções de documentos anotados como entrada. Particularmente, técnicas de induçao automática de wrappers são estudadas para extração de informação que se baseiam na exploração de regularidades estruturais encontradas em documentos Web. Wrappers são procedimentos para extrair dados de documentos. A indução de wrappers é definida como uma técnica de extração de informação que usa algoritmos de aprendizado de máquina para automaticamente construir wrappers a partir de um corpus previamente anotado e que tem mostrado bons resultados quando aplicada em textos estruturados, semi-estruturados e livres (em linguagem natural). Este trabalho propõe um sistema d'EI baseado em Boosted Wrapper Induction (BWI), um algoritmo de indução de wrappers supervisionado no qual um outro algoritmo, o AdaBoost, é usado para gerar um procedimento genérico de extração que combina, no final do processo, um conjunto de wrapers específicos por voto ponderado. Alguns autores tem estudado como as técnicas de boosting contribuem ao sucesso do algorithmo BWI e examinado sua perfomance tomando a direção desafiadora de usá-lo como um método de extração de informação para documentos não-estruturados em linguaguem natural. Este fato foi a principal motivação para se incluir Parts-of-Speech (POS) tagging na fase de préprocessamento do sistema d'EI ora proposto. Afim de se avaliar o desempenho do sistema, vários experimentos foram executados usando-se três corpora como testbed para a tarefa de extração de informação no preenchimento de esquemas de extração (template filling task). Outros experimentos foram também conduzidos usando-se diversas combinações de atributos para sistematicamente avaliar os efeitos que esses últimos têm no desempenho do algoritmo de aprendizado. Os resultados obtidos experimentalmente mostraram que o desempenho geral do sistema proposto é comparável a outros sistemas de EI do estado da arte
Jouini, Saloua. "La communication financière des entreprises françaises et britanniques sur les sites WEB : contenu et motivations." Toulon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUL2004.
Full textBased on the agency and signalling theories and the costs- benefit analysis, we study in this research the different factors influencing the extent of Internet-based financial reporting by French and UK companies. The first part was devoted to the theoretical framework and to the related literature explaining voluntary disclosure. The second part presents the results of the empirical study. The descriptive part of the study reveals a significant difference in the amount and the presentation of information at corporate Web sites of French and UK companies. The study treated, using a linear multiple regression analysis, applied to a sample of 106 French companies and 76 UK companies, the reasons for the differences in the online disclosure practices by testing the association between seven firm-specific factors and the level of Web disclosure. The results of multivariate analysis showed that ownership structure and the competitive costs are the most important factors explaining the voluntary Internet-based disclosures by French and UK companies. Foreign listing place is only significant for UK companies sample and profitability appeared to be only significant for the French sample. The external financing have no predictive value for the Internet-reporting practices of the French and UK companies. Another important result is that the explanatory power of our model is greater for the dimension measuring the amount of information disseminated than for the presentation dimension. Results of this research enhance our understanding of disclosures practices on the Internet in France and in the UK and their determinants
Somé, Djilikoun Cyriaque. "Critiques et conceptions web citoyennes du journalisme : analyse de commentaires d'internautes sur les sites d'information québécois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26071.
Full textNguyen, Dang Tuan. "Extraction d'information à partir de documents Web multilingues : une approche d'analyses structurelles." Caen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006CAEN2023.
Full textMultilingual Web Document (MWD) processing has become one of the major interests of research and development in the area of information retrieval. Therefore, we observed that the structure of the multilingual resources has not been enough explored in most of the research works in this area. We consider that links structure embed crucial information for both hyperdocument retrieving and mining process. Discarding the multilingual information structures could affect the processing performance and generate various problems : i)°Redundancy : if the site proposes simultaneously translations in several languages, ii)° Noisy information: by using labels to shift from language to another, iii)° Loosing information: if the process does not consider the structure specificity of each language. In this context, we wonder to remind that each Web site is considered as a hyper-document that contains a set of Web documents (pages, screen, messages) which can be explored through the links paths. Therefore, detecting the dominant languages, in a Web Site, could be done in a different ways. The framework of this experimental research thesis is structures analysis for information extraction from a great number of heterogeneous structured or semi-structured electronic documents (essentially the Web document). It covers the following aspects : Enumerating the dominants languages, Setting-up (virtual) frontiers between those languages, enabling further processing, Recognizing the dominants languages. To experiment and validate our aim we have developed Hyperling which is a formal, language independent, system dealing with Web Documents. Hyperling proposes a Multilingual Structural Analysis approach to cluster and retrieve Web Document. Hyperling’s fundamental hypothesis is based on the notion of relation-density : The Monolingual relation density: i. E. Links between Web Documents written in the same language, The Interlingual relation density: i. E. Links between Web Documents written in different languages. In a Web document representation we can encounter a high level of monolingual relation density and low level of inter-lingual relation density. Therefore, we can consider a MWD to be represented by a set of clusters. Regarding the density level of each cluster, it may represent a dominant language. This hypothesis has been the core of Hyperling and has been experimented and approved on a real multilingual web documents (IMF, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF, WTO)
Pitout, Cédric. "Conception et utilisation d'un système d'information géographique pour l'étude et le suivi de sites industriels pollués : Analyse spatiale 2D-3D. Analyse multiparamètre." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50377-2000-23.pdf.
Full textVernardet, Julien. "De l'autre côté de l'écran : les médias traditionnels et leurs sites Internet." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004IEPP0048.
Full textZhang, Alice Jin. "Excavation Sites: Art-ifacts of the Millennial Girl Web Development and Blogging Community of the 2000's to the Early 2010's." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1238.
Full textBORZIC, BORIS. "Un modele de gestionnaire iteratif de flux informationnel sur internet." Paris, CNAM, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CNAM0314.
Full textThe phenomenal growth of internet and proliferation of contents at one-line users 'disposal have amazingly increased the problem of informational overabundance. Within the context of a cifre contract, a performing access system to personalised information and shared on internet, called iterative management device of information flows, has been elaborated. The purely information research part is leaded through an hybridisation between a linguistic layer of terminological extraction and an infometric ? layer of themes automatic detection. Further this simple transfer of technical know-how, we had to think about the way of integrating this hybrid system in the innovative space, fluctuating and federative which is internet, that owns its proper hypertextual logic of information organisation. Its own characteristics, so much at sources identification level as the documents' nature (new process of electronical writing) have been taken into account. Afterwards, we conducted a categorisation of the documents on internet calculated from the hypertextual and textual cover of each one. This categorisation is the basis of the database iterative process. Whereas the first part uses most advanced technics of documentary world (indexation in complete text by accelerated linguistic treatment) combined with the ones of informative monitor world, technics capable of detecting weak signals (infometric treatment), the inherent part to internet applies itself to robots, to new 3d representation formats and to a systems typology of informational distribution available on the network
Ahouandjinou, Géraud. "Les sites d'informations touristiques sur le web en Afrique de l'Ouest francophone : le cas particulier du Bénin." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020076.
Full textTourism-focused web sites in French-speaking Western Africa, a case study of Benin. For nearly two decades now, African countries have been experimenting with information technology and communication. This entry into the information society is seen by many researchers as an opportunity to develop Africa. But, for now, socio-economic difficulties are hindering policies and actions conducted to use information systems for development purposes. The situation varies from one country to another. South Africa and Morocco, for example, have been clearly more successful than countries south of the Sahara in their tourism industrialization policies, putting information technology to good use. Benin is one of the first countries in French-speaking West Africa to be connected to the Internet. It is, however, struggling to get more of a foothold into the digital age. The defective and lacking telecommunications infrastructure, the lack of a coherent legal and regulatory framework, people’s inability to access computer equipment and services, the lack of local experts ... are all reasons for the delay. Internet could be a catalyst to promote culture and tourism in Benin and is one of the country’s development challenges today. Tourism is in fact the second largest source of income and contributes to 2% of Benin’s GDP.This study is an inventory of Benin’s tourism industry and its presence on the Web. It focuses in particular on the best way to turn the country’s countless attractions into real assets. This work is made up of two sections. The first provides an overview of the situation of tourism in the world and in Africa. It develops the topic and the issues of ICTs, seen as a springboard for development in Africa. The second part focuses on Benin. It provides descriptions and an analysis of the country, using as a starting point its general data to assess its tourism policy, its results and its outlook for growth, mainly through Internet. The methodological basis of this research includes a literature review, observations, field surveys and Web mapping
Heuchou, Nana Manuella M. "Les sites d’informations générales sur Internet : stratégies, conceptions et pratiques des diasporas camerounaises en France, Belgique, États-Unis." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL010/document.
Full textThe present work questions the place of diasporic actors in the production process and uses of information on the Internet through general information websites. Electronic media that would emerge in a context in which the media space would be "reconfigured" by ICT. To this end, the Cameroonian websites general information we have served as a case study. Indeed, our work is focused around a central question: what explains the proliferation of Cameroonian news sites while already exists online news? An online press that is already struggling to assert themselves and / or to develop viable and independent business models. How and by what logic these actors react? Answering these two questions led us to show or demonstrate that games and player strategies are built on and around these sites in order to "legitimize" (Charaudeau, 2005, p. 123) their choices and orientations / opinions in media contents.The theoretical grid mobilized to realize this has turned around the building agenda paradigms and / or the news’ construction (Esquenazi, (2002), Charaudeau (1997, 2011), social constructivism (Bernard Delforce, p. 208 , Sismondo, Mucchieilli) and editorial identity Roselyne Ringoot (2014).We opted for a quali-quantitative study. Thus, we registered in empirical-inductive search logic. Our methodological tools are indirect observation, documentary research, semi-structured intervieuws assigned to promoters of general information Cameroonian websites , surveys to users and content analysis of such websites titrailles of 15 January 2014 to January 15, 2015The results of this study show that as well as the Cameroonian diaspora have realized the inevitability of electronic media and the "webjournalisme" as attest their communication practices and interactions around these websites. However promoters of Cameroonian general informations websites have difficulty financing and rarely make use of communication professionals. This craze for Internet and ICT development thus would cause the establishment of a societal space training (if one notes the fragmentation of the public space, treated by Miege) in which citizens would be "free "to speak on societal issues
Vo, Quang-Tri. "Déterminant du comportement de recommandation d'un site web." Thesis, Paris 9, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA090050/document.
Full textDespite of the increasing importance and the high frequency of the action of recommending websites, marketing has not specified reasons for which a person recommends a website more than others, and the determinants of this behavior. Based on an interdisciplinary literature including Marketing, Information Systems and Knowledge Management, this thesis presents a model of website recommending behaviors. The proposed model has been validated on a sample of 776 Vietnamese web users. The results highlight the impact of utilitarian and hedonistic benefits of the website for interlocutors on the transmitter’s decision and behavior
Faessel, Nicolas. "Indexation et interrogation de pages web décomposées en blocs visuels." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX30014/document.
Full textThis thesis is about indexing and querying Web pages. We propose a new model called BlockWeb, based on the decomposition of Web pages into a hierarchy of visual blocks. This model takes in account the visual importance of each block as well as the permeability of block's content to their neighbor blocks on the page. Splitting up a page into blocks has several advantages in terms of indexing and querying. It allows to query the system with a finer granularity than the whole page: the most similar blocks to the query can be returned instead of the whole page. A page is modeled as a directed acyclic graph, the IP graph, where each node is associated with a block and is labeled by the coefficient of importance of this block and each arc is labeled by the coefficient of permeability of the target node content to the source node content. In order to build this graph from the bloc tree representation of a page, we propose a new language : XIML (acronym for XML Indexing Management Language), a rule based language like XSLT. The model has been assessed on two distinct dataset: finding the best entry point in a dataset of electronic newspaper articles, and images indexing and querying in a dataset drawn from web pages of the ImagEval 2006 campaign. We present the results of these experiments
Amisador, Alexandra. "Services automatisés de référencement d’images en ligne et droit d’auteur : approche franco-canadienne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67509.
Full textEn France, les articles L. 136-1 et suivants du Code de la propriété intellectuelle ont prévu un mécanisme de gestion collective obligatoire applicable à la recherche et au référencement des œuvres d'art plastiques, graphiques ou photographiques. Sans décret d’application, le mécanisme n’a pas été mis en œuvre. Les doutes étaient, en effet, nombreux quant à la conformité du mécanisme au droit européen. La récente directive 2019/790 et son article 12 permettant l’octroi de licences collectives ayant un effet étendu apportent de nouvelles clés de réflexion dans le cadre des utilisations d’œuvres en masse. Ils pourraient rendre conformes les articles L. 136-1 et suivants. Sorti le 7 février 2020, un rapport1 du Conseil supérieur de la propriété littéraire et artistique2 propose une modification législative des articles L. 136-1 et suivants actuels. La mesure phare est le remplacement de la gestion collective obligatoire par un mécanisme de licence collective étendue3 . Au Canada, la réforme de 2012 de la Loi sur le droit d’auteur a abouti, entre autres, à une exonération de responsabilité pour les outils de repérage. Mais, récemment, les questions de responsabilité des intermédiaires techniques, de partage de la valeur et de licence collective étendues se sont fait entendre à la Chambre des communes du Canada lors de l’examen prévu de la Loi sur le droit d’auteur. Le mémoire revient sur la question de l’opposabilité du droit d’auteur dans le contexte des services automatisés de référencement d’images en France et au Canada. L’épineuse question d’un éventuel retour à l’opposabilité du droit d’auteur en France et au Canada est ensuite abordée. Ce retour à l’opposabilité du droit est envisagé dans le mémoire par le biais de la reconnaissance d’un enjeu de partage de la valeur et de la mise en œuvre d’un mécanisme de licence collective étendue.
Vu, Xuan Truong. "User-centered and group-based approach for social data filtering and sharing." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2179/document.
Full textThe social media have played an increasingly important role in many areas of our every day life. Among others, social network sites such as Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Google+ have recently exploded in popularity by attracting millions of users, who communicate with each other, share and publish information and contents at an unprecedented rate. Besides the recognized advantages, social network sites have also raised various issues and challenges. We are particularly interested in two of them, information overload and "walled gardens". These two problems prevent the users from fully and efficiently exploiting thewealth of information available on social network sites. The users have difficulties to filter all incoming contents, to discover additional contents from outside of their friend circles, and importantly to share interesting contents with their different groups of interest. For helping the users to overcome such difficulties, we propose a User-centered and group- based approach for social data filtering and sharing. This novel approach has a twofold purpose : (1) allow the users to aggregate their social data from different social network sites, and to extract from those data the contents of their interest, and (2) organize and share the contents within different groups. The members of a group are moreover able to choose which part of their social data to share with the group, and collectively define its topics of interest. To achieve the proposed approach, we define a modular system architecture including a number of extensible modules, and accordingly build a working Web-based prototype, called SoCoSys. The experimental results, obtained from the two different tests, confirm the added values of our approach
Lablanche, Pascal. "Modèle économique de l'information écrite à l'ère numérique. Peut-on encore créer de la valeur ?" Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020015/document.
Full textCreating value is the natural aim of any private company. This study shows however that from the beginning of the 21st century print media publishers have been losing money and getting into a spiral of value-destruction so vicious as to jeopardise their very survival. Some are practically bankrupt. Nor is there any sign they will have turned the corner or even be breaking even by 2016 if the industry doesn’t restructure. There are three ways for print media firms to turn this round and regain positive momentum: recapturing market-share, improving their operational freedom and their margins and changing market perception. To do this however they will need to understand and take account of some big and interrelated themes – the ways in which the new uses of data, its ‘history’, its location and its very nature have enriched the value of information itself. They will also need to accept that publishers no longer have a monopoly of information and that they are only a link in a global value chain. To reach this conclusion the study runs a range of scenarios comparing confident short term forecasts and foresights for the longer term, from 2010 to 2020. We find that there will probably be three key stages of constraint, change and restructuring. A few publishers probably will manage to reorganise themselves, reach critical size and create value in this new world. To do so they will have a profoundly new and efficient value-creation ‘equation’, readjusted and differentiated from what has gone before. It is this that will allow them to migrate into and flourish in the new informational paradigm born from this digital universe
Seck, Sokhna Fatou. "Pratiques, stratégies et modèles de positionnement des acteurs de l'information en ligne en Afrique de l'Ouest francophone : le cas des portails Abidjan.net, Lefaso.net et Seneweb.com." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL015.
Full textInformation diffusion on the internet is now provided by a multiplicity of actors with, on the peak audiences, portals, also designated under the vague concept of Infomediaries. Their emergence is part of a re-configuration movement of the media space, driven by the Information Technology and Communication (ICT) (Internet and Web 2.0, specifically).The research presented here is part of a major observation regarding their success since their appearance while the already established media are struggling to establish viable editorial and economic models on the Internet.We consider that strategies of actors are observable in the heart of the industry under construction of online information and roles are redefined around the production, diffusion and consumption of information enhanced by the phenomenon of convergence.The study plans these strategies of actors as participating in a reconfiguration of the digital media space, dominated by the portals, whose approach relies in a "strategic" way on combining the content and practices certified professional by newspapers publishers, and in "tactical" way, based on marketing methods, in order to propose new models both "editorial and economic" fairly innovative, adapted to changes in the press sector vis-à-vis the digital, to the needs of users and relatively profitableThe area under study is that of Francophone West Africa, it presents some specificities sometimes away from references recognized in the field. Our corpus is composed of three portals, Seneweb.com (Senegal), Lefasonet.net (Burkina Faso) and Abidjan.net (Ivory Coast)
Rançon, Elodie. "La protection des contenus de presse numériques contre leur reprise par les agrégateurs d'actualités." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAD003.
Full textThe evolution of digital technologies has transformed the way people read press contents; new uses and new actors have emerged. Online, the public can now also read the news through hypertext links established by news aggregators leading to press publisher’s websites. This study provides an analysis of the difficulties around the reuse of digital press contents by news aggregators. On the one hand, the production of news contents requires significant investment for press publishers, which explains why they want to earn money from these hypertext links. On the other hand, news aggregators facilitate access to publications and, incidentally, the exercise of the public's right to information. If the development of new online activities facilitating access to information is to be encouraged, it is also necessary to make sure that press publishers are getting paid for the use of their publications. It is to this issue that the present thesis endeavors to answer. For this reason, press contents are first studied from the point of view of an economic value protected by copyright law. Then, in addition, the behavior of news aggregators towards press publishers is analyzed under economic law
López, Díaz Ricardo Augusto. "Les discours en interaction de la presse en ligne. Propositions pour une théorisation de la coproduction journalistique." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030050/document.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to present the characteristics of the discourses in interaction generated by the online press. Our hypothetical matrix justifies, in one hand, that a semiolinguistic analysis of the online press can redefine, from a current perspective, the contract of the mass media communication, and, in other hand, that the semiolinguistic analysis of the online press can lead the introduction of the theoretical components of the journalistic coproduction. As a general conclusion, after conducting an analysis of the selected corpus, consisting of digital information published by four reference headers (TheNewYorkTimes.com, DerSpiegel.de, ElPaís.com and LeMonde.fr), we argue that online press intends to promote (controversial) discussions among its readers in order to strengthen the foundations of its economic logic as a sense-making machine. The so-called citizen or participatory journalism is, for now, an advertising and marketing strategy that appeals to readers, and plunges them into a wave of changing situations in which, it is true, everyone can now be a journalist, but never with the same technical resources, communication devices, and, above all, the same range in the vast and invisible audience of such networks
Scavo, Giuseppe. "Content curation and characterization in communities of a place." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066521/document.
Full textThe amount of information on the Internet today overwhelms most users. Discovering relevant information (e.g. news to read or videos to watch) is time-consuming and tedious and yet it is part of the daily job of at least 80% of the employees in North America. Several information filtering systems for the web can ease this task for users. Examples fall into families such as Social Networks, Social Rating Systems and Social Bookmarking Systems. All these systems require user engagement to work (e.g. submission or rating of content). They work well in an Internet-wide community but suffer in the case smaller communities. Indeed, in smaller communities, the users' input is more scarce. We focus on communities of a place that are communities that group people who live, work or study in the same area. Examples of communities of a place are: (i) the students of a campus, (ii) the people living in a neighborhood or (iii) researchers working in the same site. Anecdotally we know that only 0.3% of workers contribute daily to their corporate social network. This information shows that there is a lack of user engagement in communities of a place
Al, Nasser Wissam. "Les usages politiques de Facebook : cadre d'injustice et logiques de mobilisation : le cas de la page The Syrian revolution 2011." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0024.
Full textDuring the last decade, the political use of the Internet and Social Network Sites (SNS) has tremendously increased. Using networks such as Facebook, Youtube, Twitter, Skype, Instagram, etc., has become a must for both political actors and ordinary citizens. Using as a framework the Syrian crisis in 2011, this research will follow the evolution of the political use of SNS in addition to the logics of mobilization and the production of the political speech in these networks. Through the analysis of the Facebook Page the Syrian Revolution 2011, it will question the possibilities that these SNS provide to the users to create mobilizations spaces and collective interaction. Our analysis covered two periods of time: the first one from January 18th to March 14th 2011, and the second from March 15th to April 30th 2011. This will help us better understand the change from one operational mode to another based on the change of the political context and on the degradation of the dramatic situation in Syria. Our research questions the place of the political discussion online and its parts on the creation of collective actions frames. It shows that these frames are activated, adopted and spread in ways that are specific to the social and technical practices provided by the SNS. From this perspective, we hope that our study can bring an original contribution in the analysis of the SNS field. It shows how these networks can be an area for mobilization of information that would help users develops various communication practices