Journal articles on the topic 'Sites of enactment'
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1
McAllister, Patrick. "Waitangi Day: An Annual Enactment of the Treaty?" Sites: a journal of social anthropology and cultural studies 4, no. 2 (2007): 155–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11157/sites-vol4iss2id78.
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Herr, Kathryn. "Cultivating disruptive subjectivities: Interrupting the new professionalism." education policy analysis archives 23 (September 10, 2015): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v23.2097.
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This paper explores the everyday enactments of new public management in our professional lives utilizing principles of self-ethnography. Drawing on the reworking of an Action Research class, I explore the possibilities of a contextual analysis of the workplace to make more transparent the enactment of new public management. Little is known regarding how NPM plays out on the ground in local sites and how, in interacting with the culture it creates, professionals locate themselves and their work. I offer a close examination here of our changing context to explore the techniques and forms of power of NPM in the realms of higher education as well as how we might enact a politics of refusal.
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Lloyd, Annemaree, and Jane Wilkinson. "Tapping into the information landscape: Refugee youth enactment of information literacy in everyday spaces." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 1 (May 29, 2017): 252–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000617709058.
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The development of information literacy and learning practices in everyday spaces is explored. Data for the study was collected using photo voice technique. Data analysis was conducted using photos and analysis of group transcripts. Participants describe how they tapped into social, physical and digital sites to draw information in the process of (re) forming their information landscapes, building bridges into new communities and maintaining links with family overseas. Media formats were identified according to their appropriateness as fit for purpose, suggesting that the enactment of information literacy was agile and responsive to need at the moment of practice. The results indicate that everyday spaces provide opportunities to develop information literacy practices, which support informal learning. Findings of the study conclude that information literacy is played out in a series of digital, vernacular and visual enactments, which shape the information landscape.
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Tufi, Stefania. "Liminality, heterotopic sites, and the linguistic landscape." Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 3, no. 1 (June 18, 2017): 78–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.3.1.04tuf.
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Abstract This paper is an investigation into the construction of Venice as a heterotopia – another place – characterised by a liminal linguistic landscape (LL) against a background of mass tourism seen as the enactment of different tourist subjectivities converging onto a peculiarly transnational space. The first part of the study contextualises mass tourism and outlines the concepts of liminality, deterritorialisation and heterotopia. The second part presents and discusses the data, which lay the basis for a linguistic and semiotic reading of Venice’s public space. The conclusion proposes an interpretation of Venice’s LL as a deterritorialised, heterotopic and liminal space, and, importantly, highlights that LL studies have much to contribute to an understanding of late modernity.
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McLeod, Shane, Frances Wilkins, and Carlos Galán-Díaz. "Sound, Movement, and Emotion: An Historically-informed Performance at a Viking Burial Site." Northern Scotland 10, no. 2 (November 2019): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nor.2019.0183.
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Launched in 2014, the aim of the Funeralscapes project is to explore the interplay between landscape, music and emotion by conducting re-enactment fieldwork at pre-modern burial sites in Scotland. In 2014 re-creations of aspects of a Viking funeral at an archaeologically attested Viking burial site was conducted with adult and primary school aged community volunteers on the Isle of Eigg. The aim was to investigate how Viking Age funeral music and movement (such as processions) could have worked in their immediate environment, and what emotional responses the modern-day participants had to the landscape and music. Following a brief outline of the site and performance choices, this paper draws upon fieldwork and interviews conducted with the participants following the re-enactments. It particularly comments upon the dramatic performance of heritage as a method through which the past is taught and remembered.
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Bryant, Darren A., and Chunping Rao. "Teachers as reform leaders in Chinese schools." International Journal of Educational Management 33, no. 4 (May 7, 2019): 663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijem-12-2017-0371.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of teacher leadership on the enactment of educational reforms in southeastern China. It considers how the work of middle and teacher leaders in schools is structured to support reform enactment at the school level. Design/methodology/approach The research was conducted in three case study sites in one school district in Shenzhen, China. Low, moderate and high academic achieving schools which had engaged teacher leaders in instructional reforms were selected. A combined total of 34 senior, middle and teacher leaders participated in semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed through a comparative coding process. Findings Across the three schools, teacher leaders without positional authority strongly influenced the instructional reforms. Their influence was strongest when bolstered by a combination of formal recognition systems, opportunities to lead projects that were directly related to the reform efforts, and mentorship systems that skilled novice teachers in reform-related skills and experienced teachers in leading reform enactment. Mechanisms and structures embedded in schools, when coherently focused on selected reforms, supported the efficacy of teachers without formal authority. And, middle leaders’ impact was enhanced when working collaboratively with formal and teacher leaders. Originality/value This research yields insight on teacher leaders’ influence of reform. It considers how the work of middle and teacher leaders can be structured as a collective that impacts on reform enactment at the school level. And, it illuminates teacher leadership in a Chinese context other than the scrutinized Shanghai school system.
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Pyter, Magdalena. "Ewolucja ustawodawstwa oświatowego w Anglii w XIX i XX wieku." Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 69, no. 1 (October 4, 2018): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2017.1.4.
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The issues raised in the article concern the development of education law in England from the enactment of the School Sites Act of 1841 to the enactment of the Education Act of 1944 which was the first comprehensive education act in England. Firstly, the article presents the reasons behind the rapid development of English education in the second half of the 19th century. Furthermore, the paper delineates the influence of the economy and of the industrialization on the systematic dissemination of education. Particular attention was paid to the spread of education to the masses at the primary level and to the education ofthe poorest people. The article presents the successively enacted legislative acts and legislative work conducted on them in various types of committees (royal committees, government committees). Also, the results of the work of these committees is discussed, i.e. the reports prepared by the said committees which later were the basis of legislative acts.
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Tyson, Amy M. "Review: Living History: Effective Costumed Interpretation and Enactment at Museums and Historic Sites by David B. Allison." Public Historian 39, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 124–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2017.39.2.124.
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Mader, Gottfried. "Authorizing Authority: Constitutive Rhetoric and the Poetics of Re-enactment in Cicero’s Pro Lege Manilia." Rhetorica 39, no. 2 (2021): 150–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rh.2021.39.2.150.
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This paper studies the persuasive strategies in Pro Lege Manilia in conversation with contemporary rhetorical theory, drawing especially on the perspective of constitutive discourse and the interaction between what is in the text and what is outside. Prior receptions of Pompey by internal audiences double as sites of panegyric image construction, which was itself then instrumentalized to influence external groups. The speech self-referentially thematizes this production of authority, disclosing its rhetorical mechanisms as both performed and performative text. Cicero himself, in the process of proclaiming Pompey, crucially participates in the manufacture and mediation of the image, and in constituting ideological cohesion.
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Yudarwati, Gregoria Arum, and Fandy Tjiptono. "The enactment of public relations functions: insights from the Indonesian mining industry." Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 29, no. 2 (April 10, 2017): 453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/apjml-10-2016-0194.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the process in which organizational members construct and enact public relations (PR) functions as well as how the organization accommodates local values in the PR enactment. Design/methodology/approach A case study of three large mining companies representing multinational, state-owned, and privately owned mining companies in Indonesia was employed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 key informants (three top executives and 34 members of PR units). Findings The Indonesian private mining company and the multinational corporation actively engaged in their environment during the post-Suharto era. They perceived the local community to be more powerful than ever before as a result of the socio-cultural and political changes in the country. They changed their organization designs to gain organizational legitimacy by establishing independent PR divisions at the mining sites and assigning field officers who had the same cultural background as the community. These companies enacted the role of PR as relationship agents and cultural interpreters. Unlike these two companies, the state-owned mining company did not actively search for information from its environment. It relied on the government support for its organizational legitimacy and ignored the environmental changes. Originality/value This study is one of the first few studies examining the enactment of PR functions in Indonesia, an emerging country that is under-represented in the marketing and PR literature.
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Chiou, Wen-Bin, Szu-Wei Chen, and Da-Chi Liao. "Does Facebook Promote Self-Interest? Enactment of Indiscriminate One-to-Many Communication on Online Social Networking Sites Decreases Prosocial Behavior." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 17, no. 2 (February 2014): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2013.0035.
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Shenar, Gabriele. "Indian-Jewish Shrine Hopping in Israel." Journeys 20, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 98–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jys.2019.200106.
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Focusing on the aesthetic, moral, and affective economies of one-day multisite pilgrimage tours of Indian-Jewish Israelis to the tombs of tzaddikim (“righteous persons”) as well as venerated sites of biblical figures in Israel, the article explores how the neoliberal idea of entrepreneurial competitiveness assists in mobilizing and sustaining culturally valued moral and aesthetic inclinations. Furthermore, it foregrounds the “multisensoriality” of religiously defined practice, emotion, and belief and their role in the production of an Indian-Jewish ambiance and the narratives that it elicits. Clearly, throughout their pilgrimage, Indian-Jewish Israelis carve out their own spaces in which they author the sacred sites and cultural landscapes that they visit through aesthetic engagement, embodied ritual, and, more generally, sensory enactment. However, in order to achieve the desired ambiance, Indian-Jewish pilgrims must to some extent become entrepreneurs or consumers in Israel’s flourishing market of folk veneration both with regard to homegrown and imported saintly Jewish figures.
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Stockett, Miranda. "SITES OF MEMORY IN THE MAKING: POLITICAL STRATEGIZING IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND DECONSTRUCTION OF PLACE IN LATE TO TERMINAL CLASSIC SOUTHEASTERN MESOAMERICA." Ancient Mesoamerica 21, no. 2 (2010): 315–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536110000295.
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AbstractArchaeological spaces can be viewed as material manifestations of human drama—sites for the production, expression, and manipulation of social life, power, and history. By viewing such spaces as stages for the enactment of processes of social memory, we may further enrich considerations of the interplay of materiality and history. Here I address the insights archaeologists may gain from engaging with theories of social memory by exploring their application to the analysis of settlements occupied during the Late to Terminal Classic period transition (a.d. 650–900) in pre-Columbian southeastern Mesoamerica. I also consider their relevance to community initiatives engaged by archaeologists today. Ultimately, I argue that processes of making, altering, and remaking place are one among many ways that memory may have served as a tool for political strategies and discourses about power.
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Hedman, Eva-Lotta E. "Refuge, Governmentality and Citizenship: Capturing ‘Illegal Migrants’ in Malaysia and Thailand." Government and Opposition 43, no. 2 (2008): 358–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1477-7053.2008.00258.x.
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AbstractThis article directs attention to dynamics of refuge and governmentality in a region of the ‘global South’, South-East Asia, and brings into focus the major recipients of (forced) migrants, Malaysia and Thailand, neither of which is a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention, or the 1967 Protocol. Against the backdrop of the illuminating contrast offered by the Thai case, this article argues that, in the case of Malaysia, the mobilization of ‘volunteers of the nation’ in campaigns against ‘illegal migrants’ serves as a performative (re)enactment of ethnic identity and national citizenship in the making of Malays and Malaysians in this postcolonial ‘plural society’. The article explores the wider consequences of the (re)production of (il)legality and identity as a social reality experienced not merely by (forced) migrants, and not only at the border, but also by government officials and national citizens actively mobilized in high-profile campaigns to flush out ‘illegal migrants’ from markets, construction and plantation sites, as well as dwellings in kampong neighbourhoods, city blocks and jungle sites across Malaysia.
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Huang, Xian. "Visual activism in the geomedia era: Revitalizing heritage in the Old City of Shantou." Communication and the Public 3, no. 4 (December 2018): 290–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057047318812961.
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With the rapid development of digital visualization technologies, the visual value of cultural heritage is increasingly important, giving rise to new ways to interpret the true worth of heritage. Taking the case of geomedia as an example, the article aims to reflect on how the visual culture in historic conservation has been changed by way of exploring the new significance of cultural heritage and its historic conservation in the light of geomedia. Based on my fieldtrip study of the historic conservation of the Old City in Shantou, southeastern China, I claim that historic conservation of the Old City, assisted by visual activism from the ground up, reveals its close relation to geographical sites through digital knowhow of geomedia. The interaction between image pixels and physical space contributes to the process of continuous creation and recreation of the heritage sites experienced by viewers/visitors; they are sensorially enticed to blend multiple interpretations into their physical experience in real time and construct multivalent situations for their embodied encounter. These heritage sites, once saturated with location-based visual enactment, help perform an effective role as a connective node to integrate different temporal periods as well as different groups of actors in their drive to better the city’s future.
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Kovalevska, Olga. "MEMORIAL PLACES FOR THE POLISH ARMY FALLEN SOLDIERS IN MODERN MEMORIAL PRACTICIES OF UKRAINIANS AND POLES." Kyiv Historical Studies 11, no. 2 (2020): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-0757.2020.2.9.
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The article is devoted to the burial sites of the Polish Army fallen soldiers discovered on the territory of Ukraine, as well as to the role of these places in modern memorial practices of Ukrainians and Poles, who turned them into peculiar places of memory. Individual researchers, historic re-enactment clubs, Polish cultural societies, etc. are now involved in research work to identify the burial sites for soldiers of the Polish and Ukrainian armies who carried out separate and joint military operations against the Bolshevik Red Army in 1920. The result of their activities was the identification and reconstruction of the burial sites of Polish soldiers in Ukraine and Ukrainian soldiers in Poland. The burial sites which have been known since the 20th century included the graves of fallen Poles who died near Zadvirya and Brody, in Lviv. The burial sites of the Polish soldiers in a separate area at the Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv are among those discovered in the early 1990s. Recently restored were graves in a village cemetery near the village of Susly in the Novohrad-Volynskyi district of Zhytomyr region in Ukraine. The lists of Polish soldiers are still being clarified. The research work is underway to study the biographies of the fallen. The commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the Polish-Ukrainian military alliance in 2020 highlighted the need for joint memorial events to honour the memory of the fallen representatives of both nations, organized information campaigns for citizens of both countries to create awareness about common history.
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Wang, William Y. C., David J. Pauleen, and Hing Kai Chan. "Facilitating the Merger of Multinational Companies." Journal of Global Information Management 21, no. 1 (January 2013): 42–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2013010103.
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This paper reports on case research investigating the challenges presented by a newly formed supply chain after a merger and acquisition (M&A) and the subsequent solution – the enactment of a global virtual enterprise (GVE). Adaptive Structuration Theory (AST) is used as a lens to view and understand the transformational effects that occurred after the merger and the adoption of the GVE. A case study approach was adopted with empirical data collected from corporate web sites, direct participation in the project, and in-depth interviews with the two merged multinational supply networks set in Asia (the sub-ordinates are based in China, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam) and North America (sites in Canada and the U.S.). The major problems encountered in the M&A process in the supply chain included incompatible product codes, redundant business processes, no unified ERP platforms, conflict of interests of supply chain entities, etc. The findings show the GVE approach improved the efficiency and effectiveness of this global acquisition through the re-alignment of organizational structures and personnel. Implications for practice and the further application of AST to the study of global supply chains and M&A are raised.
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Hall, Jay. "Editorial." Queensland Archaeological Research 4 (January 1, 1987): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/qar.4.1987.170.
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As 1987 comes to a close a very important piece of Queensland legislation is being repealed, an event which affects all archaeologists working in this state. I refer of course to the Aboriginal Relics Preservation Act 1967-76 which, since its enactment has served to protect Aboriginal cultural remains by making them the property of the crown. While it has come under quite a deal of fire over the years, especially for not providing for sites of Aboriginal cultural significance and for appearing to have little power to prevent the theft and vandalism of relics, it has worked quite well compared to similar acts in other states. I write now not to mourn its passing so much as to raise some skepticism regarding the piece of legislation that will take its place -- The Cultural Record (Landscapes Queensland and Queensland Estate) Bill.
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Varutti, Marzia. "The Politics of Imagining and Forgetting in Chinese Ethnic Minorities' Museums." Outlines. Critical Practice Studies 12, no. 2 (April 5, 2010): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ocps.v12i2.2272.
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Through an exploration of the representation of ethnic minorities in the museums of Kunming, Yunnan Province of China, this article discusses the active role that museums play in the processes of memory and identity engineering, whereby museum images and narratives are used to support collective imagination about ethnic minorities' identities and past. Drawing from a comparative analysis of museum displays in Kunming, I discuss how the image of ethnic minorities is conveyed through a selective process of i) remembering and emphasizing specific cultural elements, ii) forgetting other elements, and lastly, iii) modifying the perception of ethnic minorities relation to the Han majority. By revealing the extent and modalities through which museum representations manipulate ethnic minorities' identities in China, the analysis aims to contribute to our understanding of the multiple ways in which museums act as sites for the enactment of collective memory and imagination.
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Wilkins, David B., and Maria J. Esteban Ferrer. "The Integration of Law into Global Business Solutions: The Rise, Transformation, and Potential Future of the Big Four Accountancy Networks in the Global Legal Services Market." Law & Social Inquiry 43, no. 03 (2018): 981–1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lsi.12311.
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Using a unique data set comprised of original research of both the corporate Web sites of the Big Four—PwC, Deloitte, KPMG, and EY—and their affiliated law firms, as well as archival material from the legal and accountancy press, this article documents the rise and transformation of the Big Four legal service lines since the enactment of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002. Moreover, it demonstrates that there are good reasons to believe that these sophisticated players will be even more successful in penetrating the corporate legal services market in the decades to come, as that market increasingly matures in a direction that favors the integration of law into a wider category of business solutions that these globally integrated multidisciplinary practices now champion. We conclude with some preliminary observations about the implications of the reemergence of the Big Four legal networks for the legal profession.
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Hamman, Evan. "Addressing Coastal Wetland Decline in China’s Yellow Sea." Chinese Journal of Environmental Law 2, no. 2 (November 19, 2018): 165–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24686042-12340031.
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AbstractThis article provides an analysis of the environmental challenges presented by coastal development on the Chinese coast of the Yellow Sea, and, in particular, its effect on migratory shorebirds. It reflects on the rate of coastal development in China and its impact on intertidal wetlands, including what is being done, from a legal perspective, to address the declines. Existing regulatory measures are examined and it is argued that strategic environmental assessment needs to be given greater attention by the Chinese authorities. In addition, principles of conservation such as participatory management need to be fully embraced to empower local communities to restore degraded sites, monitor birdlife, and, where necessary, challenge inappropriate development activities through the courts. These initiatives, coupled with the eventual enactment of a new national wetland law in China, should strengthen the response to the threats and help arrest some of the declines in shorebird populations.
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Greenberg, Max A. "Empowerment in a Controlling Place: Youth Program Facilitators and Resistance to School Discipline." Sociological Perspectives 61, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): 610–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731121417742115.
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Research has described a nearly monolithic culture of control that shapes the disciplinary practices and experiences of youth in urban schools. However, existing research does not adequately account for the diverse actions of school-based adults in relation to school discipline. Drawing on four years of fieldwork in violence prevention programs implemented in classrooms throughout Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD), this study explores how program facilitators create and sustain a cultural frame of empowerment within the context of the culture of control. As the findings reveal, facilitators narrowed and refined empowerment, emphasizing student anonymity and leveling classroom authority. This enactment of empowerment temporarily subverted disciplinary and punitive mechanisms in ways that meaningfully impacted individuals. This article applies the theoretical framework of cultural heterogeneity to educational contexts, arguing that while schools are sites of an overarching culture of control, school-based adults enact multiple, often conflicting cultural frames.
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GOLDMANN, SIGRID, JÜRGEN MÜNCH, and HARALD HOLZ. "DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING SUPPORT WITH MILOS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 10, no. 04 (August 2000): 511–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194000000298.
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Software development processes are highly creative, and therefore prone to change frequently. Also, recent developments show that most software projects require knowledge and skills in a lot of areas. Since the necessary expertise often cannot be found at one development site, the necessity arises to distribute projects among several sites, or form "virtual" corporations, where software development is shared between several companies. The first point makes it necessary to support changes by identifying and notifying the people affected by a change. The second point emphasizes this necessity, while also complicating project planning and management: changes in one development site or company might necessitate replanning in several locations. In this paper, we introduce the MILOS approach, which provides concepts to integrate process modeling, planning, scheduling and enactment in one system. Thus dynamic plan changes, as well as automated feedback from execution to the project plan can be supported.
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Auberger, Elise, Jean-Pierre Gély, and Didier Merle. "New regulatory tool for the conservation of the geological heritage in France: the Prefectural Decree of the Protection of the Geotope (APPG). Application and feedback in the Yvelines department (Paris basin, Île-de-France)." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 189, no. 1 (2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2018002.
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In France, the conservation of geological heritage has a complex history that dates back to the middle of the 19th century. Two regulatory tools, “Site Classé”, established in 1906, and Natural Reserves, created in 1976, have served to protect geological sites in the past. Nonetheless, these tools are long to implement vis-à-vis to the rapid destruction of geological objects in the French territory. Due to this juridical void, the state created in 2015 two prefectural decrees for the protection of geological sites of interest. These tools allow the Prefect to: (i) determine a departmental list of geological sites of importance; (ii) define appropriate regulations for their conservation through the Prefectural Decree of the Protection of the Geotope (APPG). Their decentralised legal proceedings appear to be easy to administer, as they only require the advice of regional and departmental commissions as well as some local stakeholders. Our article reports the first enactment of the APPG in France, in a peri-urban to urban area, the Yvelines department. By relying on the programmes of Strategy of Creation of Protected metropolitan Areas (SCAP) and the National Inventory of the Geological Heritage (INPG), two geological sites of international value threatened by anthropic activities were selected for the APPG: the Lutetian fossil sites of Grignon and the Ferme de l’Orme. If successfully enacted, the APPG could prove advantageous because it is a tool adapted to the protection of geological objects and to its socio-economic and environmental context. However, after almost two years, the proceedings of the APPG have not been finalised. Optional yet beneficial steps, as well as unforeseen requests, delayed the process considerably. Given that the APPG do not confer protection to the geological sites during this period, their efficacy must be questioned in a fast-evolving region where land pressure is high and geological sites disappear quickly. However, the French juridical system has improved in the recent years in that it encourages Earth Sciences specialists to form part of local consultative instances (CSRPN, CDNPS) and thereby influence the decisions concerning the protection of these highly threatened sites.
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Hussain, Sajjad, Dhanasekaran Vikraman, Manzoor Hussain, Hyun-Seok Kim, and Jongwan Jung. "Highly Active Mo2C@WS2 Hybrid Electrode for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction." Catalysts 11, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11091060.
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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are the auspicious inexpensive electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) which has been broadly studied owing to their remarkable enactment, however the drought of factors understanding were highly influenced to hinder their electrocatalytic behavior. Recently, transition metal carbide (TMC) has also emerged as an attractive electrode material due to their excellent ionic and electronic transport behavior. In this work, Mo2C@WS2 hybrids have been fabricated through a simple chemical reaction method. Constructed heterostructure electrocatalyts presented the small Tafel slope of 59 and 95 mV per decade and low overpotential of 93 mV and 98 @10 mA·cm−2 for HER in acidic and alkaline solution, respectively. In addition, 24-h robust stability with the improved interfacial interaction demonstrated the suitability of hybrid electrocatalyst for HER than their pure form of Mo2C and WS2 structures. The derived outcomes describe the generated abundant active sites and conductivity enhancement in TMC/TMD heterostructure along with the weaken ion/electron diffusion resistance for efficient energy generation applications.
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Steeples, Don W. "Engineering and environmental geophysics at the millennium." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 1 (January 2001): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444910.
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Near‐surface geophysics is being applied to a broader spectrum of problems than ever before, and new application areas are arising continually. Currently, the tools used to examine the near‐surface environment include a variety of noninvasive methods employing electrical, electromagnetic, or mechanical energy sources, along with passive techniques that measure the physical parameters of the earth. Some of the advances of recent years have emerged from breakthroughs in instrumentation and computer‐processing techniques, and some have been driven by societal needs, such as the increasing demand for the accurate geophysical characterization of polluted sites. Other compelling factors, such as the ever‐expanding need for groundwater, the enactment of laws that have spurred geophysical surveying for archaeological purposes, and the necessity for better soil‐physics information in geotechnical engineering and agriculture, are present worldwide. For historical context, the reader is referred to an excellent review concerning the status of shallow exploration techniques in the mid-1980s (Dobecki and Romig, 1985).
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Chiou, Wen-Bin, and Chun-Chia Lee. "Enactment of one-to-many communication may induce self-focused attention that leads to diminished perspective taking: The case of Facebook." Judgment and Decision Making 8, no. 3 (May 2013): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1930297500006033.
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AbstractSocial networking sites (SNSs) provide users with an efficient interface for distributing information, such as photos or wall posts, to many others simultaneously. We demonstrated experimentally that this type of indiscriminate one-to-many (i.e., monologue) communication may induce self-focused attention and thereby impair perspective taking. The present study used multiple paradigms to explore the link between engaging in online one-to-many communication and a decrease in perspective taking. Experiment 1 revealed that Facebookers who published a personal photo to the public or their friends were less likely to adopt another person’s visual perspective than were those in the control group. Experiment 2 showed that Facebookers who engaged in indiscriminate one-to-many wall posting were more likely than those in the control group to rely heavily on their own perspectives. A state of self-focus, as measured by greater Stroop interference in naming the color of self-relevant versus neutral words, mediated the detrimental effect of indiscriminate one-to-many communication on cognitive perspective taking. These findings suggest that indiscriminate one-to-many communication on SNSs may promote public self-focus, leading to self-referential processing when making social judgments. Online monologue communication may be more harmful to perspective taking than previously understood.
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Knox, Hannah, and Penny Harvey. "Anticipating Harm." Theory, Culture & Society 28, no. 6 (November 2011): 142–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263276411420889.
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This article draws on an ethnography of road construction in the Peruvian Andes to explore how engineering projects operate as sites of contemporary governance. Focusing on the way in which engineering projects entail a confrontation with dangers of various kinds, we explore how people caught up in road construction processes become preoccupied with the problem of anticipated harm. Drawing on the notion of ‘codes of conduct’, we suggest that the governmental effects of practices which attempt to deal with the uncertainty of the future might be analysed as a tension between the enactment of two different kinds of codification. Building on the notion of coding as a situated material practice, we investigate the appearance of two different ways of encoding a relationship with an uncertain future which we term ‘machinic’ and ‘emergent’. The article builds on a description of these two ways of encoding uncertainty to explore how formal mechanisms of dealing with anticipated harm, such as the regulations of health and safety, are both unsettled and reinvigorated by more affective and relational dimensions of practice.
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Wong, WK Tim, Alex Broom, Emma Kirby, and Zarnie Lwin. "What lies beneath? Experiencing emotions and caring in oncology." Health: An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health, Illness and Medicine 24, no. 4 (September 24, 2018): 348–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363459318800168.
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Medical encounters – while often viewed as centred on conveying clinical knowledge – are also sites of emotion and for exerting emotional labour by healthcare professionals. The temptation to view these encounters as largely ‘technical’ – an exchange of knowledge or information – can marginalise the complex emotions often experienced by healthcare professionals, and negates the critical work done in these encounters. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 22 Australian medical oncologists, this article explores the experience and meaning of (their) emotions in medical encounters, and the manner in which emotional labour is performed by medical oncologists. Emotions, as it emerges, are central to the ‘management’ of encounters, ensuring professional sustainability and in ‘achieving’ clinical outcomes. Here, we broaden understandings of emotionality in oncological work, focusing on emotions as central to the production and enactment of professionalism, relationships and identities across professional careers. We illustrate how the performance of emotional labour reflects a dialectic between notions of ‘professionalism’ and ‘feelings’ – which in practice are co-existing and intermingling dimensions of oncology relations – manifested in the practice of ‘bounded caring’.
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Lien, Marianne E. "What’s Love Got to Do with It? Care, Curiosity, and Commitment in Ethnography beyond the Human." Environmental Humanities 14, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 457–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-9712511.
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Abstract An ethics of care in nature conservation must ask not only whose voices are heard, but also which interspecies relations that come to matter. Inspired by Jane Bennett’s question about how ethical codes are transformed into laudable acts in interspecies relations, this article explores alignments between affective enchantment and interspecies response-ability. Juxtaposing two ethnographic sites in Norway, salmon aquaculture and nature conservation, Marianne E. Lien argues that ethical conduct calls for relational interspecies commitment beyond mere affect: enchantment offers no guarantee of animal welfare. But nor does a set of legal regulations. The first section of this article explores the practical enactment of sentient salmon in Norwegian aquaculture, and details interspecies response-ability and care through practices where legal regulations and affective registers intersect. In the second section Lien turns to what some call untouched nature, while others call it home, and shows how enchantment of nature in the abstract may legitimate the dispossession of the vital relations between local people and their worlds. Both cases suggest the need to pay close attention to relational and vernacular arts of noticing that have been cultivated by others. Shifting our attention from the outsider’s gaze as an affective enchantment toward the relationality of others, we may notice the myriad of generative interspecies relations that unfold quietly, in a minor chord, and often in unexpected places. The article draws on extensive fieldwork within aquaculture production sites in western Norway and in the coastal regions of Varanger, North Norway.
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Graue, Elizabeth, Sharon Ryan, Bethany Wilinski, Kaitlin Northey, and Amato Nocera. "What Guides Pre-K Programs?" Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120, no. 8 (August 2018): 1–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811812000807.
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Background/Context Early childhood education joined the standards movement in 2002 with the Good Start, Grow Smart initiative, with advocates arguing that standards were a tool for creating more continuity and coherence in Pre-K systems. Critics posed concerns about a perceived poor fit between standards-based and developmentally appropriate practices, pointing to standardization and pressure from the K–12 system. With growth in public Pre-K programs guided by state early learning standards, we set out to understand what guides Pre-K programs. Setting We sampled two states with mature Pre-K programs: New Jersey (NJ), a targeted, highly regulated full-day program for 3- and 4-year-olds and Wisconsin (WI), a universal, local control half-day program for 4-year-olds. Both programs implement Pre-K programs in schools, Head Start, and child care classrooms. Purpose/Focus of Study The purpose of the project was to compare the role of standards in Pre-K programs in NJ and WI, analyzing standards conceptualization and enactment by district administrators and teachers. Research Design We designed a multi-state, comparative case study including interviews with state actors who identified rural, midsize, and urban districts for fieldwork, weekly observations of Pre-K classrooms in elementary schools, Head Start, and childcare centers and interviews with the teachers in these sites. Conclusions Policy and standards alone were not very good predictors of the Pre-K programs’ enacted practices. The logic of practice embedded in standards evolved through policy enactment in the local context, through the work of actors, like local child care advocates, the administrative designs of district leaders, and the policies of the adjacent K–12 system. The nonlinear implementation of early learning standards in this study shows the importance of looking beyond policy inputs and child outcomes and the need to include the administrative and instructional practices between if we are to understand how to best support young learners and their teachers.
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Agyemang-Badu, Samuel Yaw, Esi Awuah, Sampson Oduro-Kwarteng, Justice Yao Woelinam Dzamesi, Nazri Che Dom, and Girum Gebremeskel Kanno. "Environmental Management and Sanitation as a Malaria Vector Control Strategy: A Qualitative Cross-Sectional Study Among Stakeholders, Sunyani Municipality, Ghana." Environmental Health Insights 17 (January 2023): 117863022211468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786302221146890.
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Background: For centuries malaria infection remains a public health burden globally as well as in the Sunyani Municipality. This exploratory qualitative study aimed to assess the prospects of environmental management and sanitation (EMS) as a malaria vector control strategy among key stakeholders involved in the prevention and control of malaria in Sunyani Municipality, Ghana. Method: We used an exploratory qualitative study and a designed focus group discussion (FGD) guide (with specific research questions) to solicit opinions and/or views among Malaria Control Focal Persons, Environmental Health Officers (Health Inspectors), and Honourable Assembly Members. Data were collected between December 2019 and February 2020. The responses were analyzed according to the specific research questions. Result: Findings from this study shows that high government support and/or political will by investing in environmental sanitation infrastructure, creating the enabling environment for strict enforcement of environmental sanitation bye-laws by Environmental Health Officers/Health Inspectors, effective and efficient collaboration among key stakeholders and organization of communal labor activities is likely to help reduce the majority of the mosquito breeding sites. Conclusion: The prospects of environmental management and sanitation (EMS) as a vector control strategy, look promisingly very high, pertinent, and workable and a likelihood game changer of winning the fight against malaria due to the residual transmission that is happening outdoors. However, EMS can be employed as a supplementary method to the current core vector control methods if the following conditions and bottlenecks are addressed and in place: (a) Effective collaboration among key stakeholders at all levels; (b) Adequate allocation of funds to the Environmental Health and Sanitation Department; (c) Enactment of robust educational campaigns across all educational levels and via different media; (d) Recognition, empowerment, and adequate resourcing of Environmental Health Officers; (e) Adherence to the building regulations to prevent encroachment of natural wetlands; (f) Revision of fees/fines and prosecution of sanitary offenders; (g) Enactment of an Environmental Sanitation Day (ESD), and establishment of the Environmental Health and Sanitation Fund (EHSF).
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Narayanan, Yamini. "“Cow Is a Mother, Mothers Can Do Anything for Their Children!” Gaushalas as Landscapes of Anthropatriarchy and Hindu Patriarchy." Hypatia 34, no. 2 (2019): 195–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12460.
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This article argues that gaushalas, or cow shelters, in India are mobilized as sites of Hindutva or Hindu ultranationalism, where it is a “vulnerable” Hindu Indian nation—or the “Hindu mother cow” as Mother India—who needs “sanctuary” from predatory Muslim males. Gaushalas are rendered spaces of (re)production of cows as political, religious, and economic capital, and sustained by the combined and compatible narratives of “anthropatriarchy” and Hindu patriarchy. Anthropatriarchy is framed as the human enactment of gendered oppressions upon animal bodies, and is crucial to sustaining all animal agriculture. Hindu patriarchy refers to the instrumentalization of female and feminized bodies (women, cows, “Mother India”) as “mothers” and cultural guardians of a “pure” Hindu civilization. Both patriarchies commodify bovine motherhood and breastmilk. which this article frames as a feminist issue. Through empirical research, this article demonstrates that gaushalas generally function as spaces of exploitation, incarceration, and gendered violence for the animals. The article broadens posthumanist feminist theory to illustrate how bovine bodies, akin to women's bodies, are mobilized as productive, reproductive, and symbolic capital to advance Hindu extremism and ultranationalism. It subjectifies animal bodies as landscapes of nation‐making using ecofeminism and its subfield of vegan feminism.
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Cowan, Robert. "Passing Over Cephisos' Grandson: Literal Praeteritio and the Rhetoric of Obscurity in Ovid Met. 7.350-93." Ramus 40, no. 2 (2011): 146–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000382.
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After tricking Pelias' daughters into killing their father, Ovid's metamorphic Medea flies in her (future reflexive) Euripidean dragon chariot from Thessaly to Corinth by a very circuitous route. In so doing, she performs a physical and narrativepraeteritio, passing rapidly over both the landscape and its local myths, which remain unnarrated. This article will reflect on some of the metapoetic connotations of thepraeteritioand its rhetoric of obscurity, and propose an identification for one of the most obscure of the figures over whom Medea passes. It will also identify a technique whereby Ovid plays with concepts of obscurity anddoctrinato unmask and dramatise a common reading practice.Medea's literal enactment of a rhetorical strategy is one among many instances in the poem of the reification of figurative language, an operation which most commonly takes place in the process of metamorphosis or the depiction of personifications, but by no means always. Among such reifications, the particular instance of the ‘literalpraeteritio’ has antecedents in Apollonius’Argonautica, where the Argonauts ‘passed by’ (παϱάμειβον) Calypso's island, and in Virgil'sAeneid, where Aeneas and the Trojans on at least three occasions pass by sites such as Ithaca, the land of the Phaeacians, and Circe's island. In each of these four cases the epic narrator is also ‘passing over’ the Odyssean narrative associated with the site.
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Elliott, Jonathan, Miranda Lim, Allison Keil, Alon Avidan, Donald Bliwise, Jean-Francois Gagnon, Michael Howell, et al. "524 NAPS." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A206—A207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.523.
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Abstract Introduction Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is characterized by a lack of muscle atonia during REM sleep with dream enactment. RBD is regarded as a prodromal synucleinopathy as a high proportion of patients eventually phenoconvert to Parkinson’s Disease and related synucleinopathies, suggesting RBD may be an early non-motor symptom of disease. Accordingly, patients with RBD are ideally situated to test potential therapeutic interventions to prevent phenoconversion to synucleinopathy. However, RBD itself, and associated patient registries, are rare. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Consortium (formed in 2018) establishes a multisite registry of RBD patients with standardized neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neuropsychological assessments and biomarker collection. The present work reports baseline characteristics of this RBD patient database at its current state. Methods Seven participating sites have contributed n=170 polysomnographically-confirmed RBD patients. Data includes past medical and family history, self-report questionnaires, and neuropsychological, motor, sensory, and autonomic function testing. Additionally, all subjects have contributed blood, and a subset of subjects have contributed cerebrospinal fluid samples to the National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias for future analysis. A final diagnosis for each subject was determined through an adjudication process by NAPS Consortium PIs; subjects were categorized as ether: 1) isolated RBD, 2) RBD+, 3) Early Symptomatic, or 4) Phenoconverted. Results Of the n=170 subjects, there were n=39 isolated RBD, n=81 RBD+, n=45 Early Symptomatic, and n=4 Phenoconverted. Isolated RBD subjects have no other early neurodegeneration signs/symptoms, those with RBD+ have at least one other identifiable early/mild symptom. The early symptomatic group includes those with mild or subjective cognitive impairment, pure autonomic failure, or possible multiple systems atrophy. The Phenoconverted group consists of those with Dementia with Lew Bodies, Dementia NOS, Parkinson’s Disease, or Parkinson’s NOS. The distribution of impairment across the 5 major domains (motor, cognitive, autonomic, sensory, and psychiatric) for each of the 4 groups will be described. Conclusion This interim analysis presents data on n=170 subjects. The target enrollment is n=360 across the 7 original sites plus 3 new sites. Future work will follow these subjects longitudinally to assess rates and predictors of phenoconversion. Support (if any) NIH NIA R34 AG056639 (YJ, BB)
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Tomski, Piotr. "Information Technology and Firm Internationalization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 795 (October 2015): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.795.227.
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In the reality of the New Economy the impact of social media (SM) on business activities is often examined. The rise of SM and online communities enable individuals to easily share and access information. With the rise of social networks, there has emerged a new era of content creation where individuals can easily share experiences and information with other users. At the same time, the recently emerging focus of entrepreneurship scholars’ attention is the domain of international entrepreneurship which is the discovery, enactment, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities - across national borders - to create future goods and services. The process of internationalization is of vital importance when considering both new ventures and established enterprises. As the Internet has revolutionized the way individuals access and gain information, also the information on the possibilities of internationalization is available via this kind of communication. In the light of the above statements, the aim of the paper is to explore the influence of the utilization of SM by the entrepreneur at the stage of the process of firm internationalization. The information derived from social network sites from international contacts of the entrepreneur may be useful and may support the internationalization process. In this context, the aim of the paper is to present and emphasize the role of the use of IT systems in the process of firm internationalization.
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LaBelle, Robert P., and Charles M. Marshall. "APPLICATION OF OIL SPILL SIMULATIONS TO TANKER ROUTING OFF THE U.S. COAST." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1995, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 265–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1995-1-265.
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ABSTRACT Enactment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 has resulted in increased efforts by the U.S. Coast Guard to identify and evaluate existing tanker routing schemes that may pose a threat to sensitive marine resources. The Minerals Management Service is assisting in these efforts through stochastic applications of its oil spill trajectory models. Restricting tanker routes or establishing tanker-free zones would constrain the potential sites of future tanker spills. This restriction would maximize the available response time for containment, recovery, or natural dispersion of tanker spills. Two analyses are described. In the first analysis, multiple trajectories were simulated from tanker routes off the U.S. west coast. (Similar analyses are planned for the east coast and the Gulf of Mexico.) Contacts with environmental resources, which were assigned sensitivity index values, were plotted as seasonal oil spill contact risk contours. The contours were used to define alternative boundaries of potential tanker-free zones. These alternative boundaries, in turn, may provide specified levels of protection for sensitive marine areas. The second application of oil spill simulations is in the Gulf of Mexico, where the U.S. Coast Guard is evaluating the potential impact of establishing tanker lightering zones. These lightering zones would concentrate traffic in certain areas where large vessels would offload petroleum cargo into smaller tankers for transport ashore. Results of the oil spill trajectory model characterize the risks from these zones.
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Rooney, Eilish. "Engendering transitional justice: questions of absence and silence." International Journal of Law in Context 3, no. 2 (June 2007): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552307002066.
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The globalisation of transitional justice as a framework for the resolution of conflicts is a remarkable phenomenon of the post-Cold War era (Bell and Craig, 2000). In different contexts this framework has significant consequences for women’s equality. This article asserts that a conceptualisation of gender that intersects with other dimensions of inequality in state formation provides an important tool for understanding contemporary transitional justice processes. This complex tool of intersectional analysis is used to explore the issue of women’s equality in Northern Ireland’s transition. This is applied to the problems of women’s absence from negotiations and the silence in these negotiations on matters to do with women’s day-to-day lives. The Good Friday/Belfast Agreement and the enactment of the equality legislation enacted in the Northern Ireland Act 1998 are the textual sites of analysis. These documents comprise the formal transitional framework for Northern Ireland. The article examines the theoretical tensions and practical implications inherent in universal claims for women’s equality in a situation where recognition of ‘difference’ is enshrined in both the equality legislation and the mechanisms for future democratic representation. The article concludes by suggesting that transitional justice discourse can benefit from the theoretical challenges posed by intersectionality and that social stability in NI and in other conflicted societies may be strengthened through addressing the corrosive impacts of inequality.
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Gray, Jhanelle Elaine, Christine Laronga, Erin Siegel, Ji-Hyun Lee, William J. Fulp, Michelle Fletcher, and Paul B. Jacobsen. "An overview of breast medical oncology documentation through the Florida Initiative on Quality Cancer Care (FIQCC): The Phase II 2009 results." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2012): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.27_suppl.73.
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73 Background: Following feedback provided to each site of their 2006 compliance results and enactment of improvement plans, the FIQCC re-evaluated the quality of documentation of specific quality indicators for breast cancer in the medical records of 11 participating FIQCC sites in 2009. Quality indicators were based upon ASCO, ACOS, NCCN, and expert-consensus panel recommendations. The findings were compared with 2006 results. Methods: Chart reviews from the same 2006 FIQCC sites for pre-specified Breast Medical Oncology quality indicators were performed by trained abstractors on patients first seen in 2009. The indicators included: clinical trial decisions, consent for treatment, definitive surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, published regimen dose plan, and chemotherapy selected from a published list. Statistical comparisons of 2006 and 2009 data were performed using the Pearson chi-square exact test based on Monte Carlo estimation. Results: 636 pts (99% female) [average age of 60.7 years (range 24-94)] were evaluated, with the 2009 number of cases per site ranging from 59 to 97. Significant improvements in treatment planning and administration were seen over time when comparing 2006 (n=602) to 2009 charts. This included signed chemotherapy consent (2006: 74%; 2009: 81% p=0.047), definitive surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (2006: 88%; 2009:100% p=0.017), and the planned dose being from a published list (2006: 74%;200: 84% p=0.020). Strides were also made in documenting that patients were evaluated for clinical trial enrollment (2006:13%; 2009: 21% p=0.001). Declines were seen in chemotherapy selections from an approved list (2006:94%; 2009: 82% p<0.001). Further investigations into this finding are underway and will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: With the adoption of specific quality indicators, evaluation of a specified number of cases across multiple practices, and then providing feedback on documentation to providers and medical teams, here we demonstrate that significant improvements in medical charting and thus quality cancer care can be made.
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Luke, Carmen. "Globalization and Women in Southeast Asian Higher Education Management." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 104, no. 3 (April 2002): 625–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810210400302.
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This paper draws on data from a group case study of women in higher education management in Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand. I investigate culture-specific dimensions of what the Western literature has conceptualized as “glass ceiling” impediments to women's career advancement in higher education. I frame my argument within recent debates about globalization and “glocalization” to show how the push–pull and disjunctive dynamics of globalization are experienced in local sites by social actors who traverse global flows and yet remain tethered to local discourses, values, and practices. All of the women in this study were trained in Western universities and are fluent English speakers, world-class experts in their fields, well versed with equity discourses, and globally connected on international nongovernment organization (NGO) and academic circuits. They are indeed global cosmopolitans. And yet their testimonies indicate that so-called Asian values and religious-cultural ideologies demand the enactment of a specific construct of Asian femininity that militates against meritocratic equality and academic career aspirations to senior management levels. Despite the global nature of the university and increasing global flows of academics, students, and knowledge, the politics of academic glass ceilings are not universal but always locally inflected with cultural values and norms. As such, the politics of disadvantage for women in higher education require local and situated analyses in the context of global patterns of the educational status of women and the changing nature of higher education.
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AF, Eghomwanre. "Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution of Surface Soils from Scrapyards in Benin City, Nigeria." Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 2, no. 4 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000132.
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Scrap metals found in scrapyards accounts for a large proportion of municipal solid waste in Nigeria. They are a menace to the environment and pose potential health risk to nearby residents. T his study assessed the physicochemical quality and heavy meta l contamination of surface soils from selected scrapyards in Benin City, Nigeria. Surface soils were collected from 12 randomly selected scrapyards between February and April 2018. Physicochemical analyses were carried out using standard analytical methods , while heavy metal ( Fe, Cd, Zn, Cr, and Pb ) concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The physicochemical indicators showed values which ranged from 6.17 ± 1.17 to 7.81 ± 0.88, 335.00 ± 60.62 to 2467.33 ± 1708.95μS/cm and 2 .18 ± 0.39 to 44.27 ± 17.72 mg/kg for pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrate ( NO - 3 ) respectively. The texture of the scrapyard soils was predominantly sand. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the scrapyard sites were significantly ( p < 0.05 ) higher than the control site. A strong positive correlation existed among the studied metals. The concentrations of heavy metals were above the WHO/FAO critical level of 100 mg/kg except for Cr and Cd. Contamination indexes of the scrapyard soils showed th at the soils samples from all the locations were highly contaminated with heavy metals. There is urgent need for evacuation of the scrap metal wastes from the scrapyards and enactment of appropriate legislations which prohibits the use of land in residenti al areas as scrapyards in the city to prevent likely health hazard
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Torbert, J. L., J. A. Burger, S. H. Schoenholtz, and R. E. Kreh. "Growth of Three Pine Species after Eleven Years on Reclaimed Minesoils In Virginia." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2000): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/17.3.95.
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Abstract A reforestation experiment was established to test the growth of three pine species on two different surface-mined sites in the Appalachian coalfields of southwest Virginia. One site was mined just prior to enactment of the 1977 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA), and one site was mined and reclaimed to its approximate original contour in accordance with post-SMCRA regulations. Three pine species (Pinus taeda, P. virginiana, and P. strobus) were planted on each site in 1981. A fertilization and an herbaceous weed control treatment were tested. Half the plots were fertilized with a 21 g fertilizer tablet at time of planting and a broadcast application of 50 kg/ha N as ammonium nitrate prior to the fourth growing season. Each plot was split to accommodate an herbaceous weed control treatment during the first 3 yr. After 11 yr, all three tree species grew very well on the prelaw bench site, but were less productive on the postlaw AOC site. The fastest growing species was loblolly pine, which averaged 22 ft tall. Aggressive herbaceous ground covers commonly established on surface-mined land to reduce erosion were successfully controlled by herbicides, resulting in a significant improvement in survival and growth for all tree species. Fertilization as used in this study had little effect on growth and was not as beneficial for tree establishment as the herbicide treatment. The performance of these commercial tree species in this study demonstrates that good forest management opportunities exist for the owners of surface-mined land. North. J. Appl. For. 17(3):95–99.
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Sweeting, Helen, Carolyn Blake, Julie Riddell, Simon Barrett, and Kirstin R. Mitchell. "Sexual harassment in secondary school: Prevalence and ambiguities. A mixed methods study in Scottish schools." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 23, 2022): e0262248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262248.
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Background Adolescence is characterized by identity formation, exploration and initiation of intimate relationships. Much of this occurs at school, making schools key sites of sexual harassment. Schools often lack awareness and understanding of the issue, and UK research on the topic is scarce. We explored prevalence and perceptions of sexual harassment in a school-based mixed-methods study of 13–17 year-old Scottish adolescents. Methods A student survey (N = 638) assessed past 3-months school-based victimization and perpetration prevalence via 17 behavioral items based on the most commonly used school-based sexual harassment measure (‘Hostile Hallways’). Eighteen focus groups (N = 119 students) explored which of 10 behaviors were perceived as harassing/unacceptable and why. Results Two-thirds reported any victimization: 64.7% ‘visual/verbal’ (e.g. sexual jokes) and 34.3% ‘contact/personally-invasive’ behaviors (e.g. sexual touching; most of whom also reported experiencing visual/verbal types) in the past 3-months. Data suggested a gateway effect, such that contact/personally-invasive behaviors are more likely to be reported by those also reporting more common visual/verbal behaviors. Some survey participants reported being unsure about whether they had experienced certain behaviors; and in focus groups, participants expressed uncertainty regarding the acceptability of most behaviors. Ambiguities centered on behavioral context and enactment including: degree of pressure, persistence and physicality; degree of familiarity between the instigator-recipient; and perception of the instigator’s intent. In attempting to resolve ambiguities, students applied normative schemas underpinned by rights (to dignity, respect and equality) and ‘knowingness’, usually engendered by friendship. Conclusions Our study confirms school-based sexual harassment is common but also finds significant nuance in the ways in which students distinguish between acceptable and harassing. School-based strategies to tackle sexual harassment must engage with this complexity.
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Evans, Mark, Andrew Peterson, Márta Fülöp, Dina Kiwan, Jasmine B. Y. Sim, and Ian Davies. "Pedagogy and youth civic engagement: Shifting understandings, emergent considerations and persisting challenges." Citizenship Teaching & Learning 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 155–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ctl_00027_1.
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Pedagogies about and for civic engagement are not clearly defined. We consider how these understandings have been constructed and how these pedagogical developments reveal a gradual yet fundamental shift from more transmission-oriented learning intentions and practices to more transformative orientations. We examine how particular broad and interrelated pedagogical considerations and experiences appear to enhance civic engagement learning (e.g. a focus on real-life and relevant political questions and issues, classroom to community, local to global). We review experiences that allow for the practice of different forms of civic engagement; varied ways of knowing and active involvement in the process of constructing knowledge in relation to these political questions and issues rather than simply receiving information passively; and building capacities for decision-making, public issue investigation, ethical thinking, peace-building and conflict management. We recognize that these matters are approached differently in the literature and in classrooms, schools and communities with varying degrees of emphasis and levels of sophistication. We contend that these contrasting approaches and practices reflect differing cultural and historical traditions and contexts, pressures being experienced locally and globally, and the guidance of educational policies and study programmes. The enactment of these developing understandings of civic engagement pedagogy is nominal and uneven in classrooms, schools and community sites within and across countries. Most forms of civic engagement pedagogy for youth tend to occur randomly in their communities, while school-based programmes are limited and most often involved in forms of civic action that are perceived as safe and minimal. We highlight ‐ in the form of questions ‐ some of the persisting challenges that face educators in developing appropriate pedagogies for civic engagement. This work originated from a three-year (2016‐19), six-country project, ‘Youth Activism, Engagement and the Development of New Civic Learning Spaces’, undertaken by an international network of researchers (based in Australia, Canada, England, Hungary, Lebanon and Singapore) and funded by a Leverhulme Network Grant. We explore key ideas and issues about the ways in which young people participate in society and discuss what implications there are for education.
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Levendowski, D., J. Lee-Iannotti, D. Shprecher, C. Guevarra, P. Timm, E. Angel, G. Mazeika, and E. St. Louis. "P076 Sleep Staging Agreement Between Polysomnography and Sleep Profiler in Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder." SLEEP Advances 2, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2021): A45—A46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpab014.120.
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Abstract Purpose Evaluate the sleep staging agreement between polysomnography (PSG) and Sleep Profiler (SP) in patients with suspected isolated REM-sleep-behavior-disorder. Methods Twenty-six patients with reported dream-enactment-behavior (Site1=16, Site2=10; 27% women; age 64±13 years) underwent a diagnostic PSG with simultaneously recorded SP. A registered sleep-technologist at each site performed PSG-staging, while SP was auto-staged and technically reviewed/edited. Across technicians, the initial staging was blinded. Site1 then performed unblinded restaging of PSG=N3(N2) vs. SP=N2(N3) epochs, while Site2 conducted a blinded, carefully-targeted restaging of N3. Statistics included Cohen’s kappa and Chi-square analyses. Results Agreement between SP and Site1 vs. Site2 were significantly different for Wake (kappa:Site1=0.816;Site2=0.650;combined=0.736), stage N1 (kappa:Site1=0.149;Site2=0.228;combined=0.188), stage N2 (kappa:Site1=0.632;Site2=0.718;combined=0.659), stage N3 (kappa:Site1=0.715;Site2=0.368;combined=0.525) and REM (kappa:Site1=0.827;Site2=0.719;combined=0.766)(all P<0.001). After restaging of N3, the kappa values improved at Site1 (unblinded:N2=0.659/N3=0.883) and Site2 (blinded:N2=0.775/N3=0.736)(combined:N2=0.735/N3=0.851). The proportion of PSG-epochs restaged from N3 to N2 was 17% at Sites1 and 38% at Site2 (P<0.001), while Site1 had fewer remaining PSG=N3 vs. SP=N2 conflicts (5.6% vs. 20.8%, P<0.001). Compared to Site2, Site1 had a superior: REM kappa due to fewer SP=N2 disagreements (8.5% vs. 16.8%, P<0.001), and Wake kappa resulting from fewer SP=N1 (6.6 vs. 15.6%, P<0.001) and SP=N2 conflicts (5.9 vs. 12.0%, P<0.001). Conversely, the Site1 N1 kappa was inferior due to greater SP=wake disagreement (41.6% vs. 19.8%, P<0.001). Discussion N3 was excessively stage by both PSG technicians before restaging. At Site1, Wake, N3, and REM had almost-perfect-agreement with SP, while N2 had substantial-agreement. At Site2 and across-site, substantial-agreement was observed for Wake, N2, N3, and REM.
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Scarton, Dylan V., William T. Roddy, Jerika A. Taylor, Mary Geda, Cynthia A. Brandt, Peter Peduzzi, Robert D. Kerns, and Paul F. Pasquina. "Development and Implementation of the Military Treatment Facility Engagement Committee (MTFEC) to Support Pragmatic Clinical Trials in the Military Health System." Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa368.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Within the population of military service members and veterans, chronic pain is highly prevalent, often complex, and frequently related to traumatic experiences that are more likely to occur to members of this demographic, such as individuals with traumatic brain injury or limb loss. In September 2017, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Defense (DOD), and Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Pain Management Collaboratory (PMC) was formed as a significant and innovative inter-government agency partnership to support a multicomponent research initiative focusing on nonpharmacological approaches for pain management addressing the needs of service members, their dependents, and veterans. Methods A Pain Management Collaboratory Coordinating Center (PMC3) was also established to facilitate collective learning across 11 individually funded pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) designed to optimize the impact of the PMC as an integrated whole. Although the DOD and VA health care systems are ideal sites for the enactment of PCTs, executing these trials within the local context of DOD military treatment facilities (MTFs) can present unique challenges. The Military Treatment Facility Engagement Committee (MTFEC) was created to support the efforts of the PMC3 in its role as a national resource for development and refinement of innovative tools, best practices, and other resources in the conduct of high impact PCTs. Results The MTFEC is composed of experts from each service who bring experiences in executing clinical pain management trials that can enhance the planning and execution of the PCTs. It provides expertise and leadership in the execution of research studies at within MTFs and within the DOD health care system, with guidance from PMC3 Directors and in collaboration with NIH, DOD, and VA program and scientific officers. Discussion/Conclusion Considering the importance of enacting large-scale, pragmatic studies to implement effective strategies in clinical practice for chronic pain management, the MTFEC has begun to actualize its purpose by identifying potential barriers and challenges to study implementation and exploring how the PMC can support and aid in the execution of PCTs by applying similar approaches to stakeholder and subject matter engagement for their research.
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Ammah-Tagoe, Naa, Kyra Caspary, Matthew A. Cannady, and Eric Greenwald. "Learning to Teach to Argue: Case Studies in Professional Learning in Evidence-Based Science Writing." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 123, no. 7 (July 2021): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146812112300708.
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Background/Context The emphasis on scientific practices articulated by the National Research Council framework and the Next Generation Science Standards requires significant pedagogical shifts for U.S. science teachers. Purpose/Objective/Research Question/Focus of Study This study provides a rare window into the challenges and opportunities teachers encounter as they introduce argument writing into their science classrooms with support from the National Writing Project's Inquiry into Science Writing project. The purpose of this study is to better understand the teacher-change process so as to inform the development of future professional development efforts. Population/Participants/Subjects Case studies were drawn from a professional development network led by the National Writing Project to support teachers in studying and improving their practice while sharing knowledge and benefiting from the expertise of others. The network included 28 middle school teachers at five writing project sites around the United States; the case studies presented in this article are based on the experiences of three of these teachers. Intervention/Program/Practice The Inquiry into Science Writing Project was a 2-year practitioner-driven professional learning experience seeking to better understand and support student practice around evidence-based science writing. During the duration of the project, teachers taught at least one lesson series culminating in written arguments by students each semester, and participated in two summer institutes, an ongoing national professional learning community, and monthly meetings of their local teacher research group. Research Design The study uses a qualitative comparative case study approach. Data Collection and Analysis The case studies draw on interviews, lesson artifacts, written teacher reflections, and samples of student work. Conclusions/Recommendations The study findings reinforce the complexity of the change process: The relationship between teachers’ knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes and their practice was not linear and unidirectional (i.e., change in attitude leads to change in practice) but rather iterative and mediated by both student work and the external supports they received. These findings confirm the need for sustained learning environments with features that promote enactment and reflection on student work to support teacher change. Further, they suggest that professional development providers should think about how to build habits of reflection into their own design processes, allowing space for feedback and learning from practitioners.
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Elliott, Jonathan, Miranda Lim, Allison Keil, Alon Avidan, Don Bliwise, Jean-François Gagnon, Michael Howell, et al. "0640 North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Consortium: Baseline characteristics in 251 patients with REM Sleep Behavior Disorder." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A281—A282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.637.
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Abstract Introduction Introduction: Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is characterized by a lack of muscle atonia during REM sleep with dream enactment. RBD is regarded as a prodromal synucleinopathy as a high proportion of patients eventually phenoconvert to Parkinson’s Disease and related synucleinopathies, suggesting RBD may be an early non-motor symptom of disease. Accordingly, patients with RBD are ideally situated to test potential therapeutic interventions to prevent phenoconversion to synucleinopathy. However, RBD itself, and associated patient registries, are rare. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Consortium (NAPS) establishes a multisite registry of RBD patients with standardized neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neuropsychological assessments and biomarker collection. The present work reports baseline characteristics of this RBD patient database at its current state. Methods Methods: Participants >18 years of age with overnight polysomnogram-confirmed RBD by ICSD-3 criteria who did not meet criteria for the diagnosis of PD, dementia, MSA, or narcolepsy were enrolled from 10 sites across North America (8/2018 to 4/2021). Data collection included family and personal history of RBD and related symptoms, as well as standardized assessments related to cognitive, motor, sensory and autonomic function. Additionally, all subjects have contributed blood, and a subset of subjects have contributed cerebrospinal fluid samples to the National Centralized Repository for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias for future analysis. Results Results: A total of n=251 participants were enrolled. Outcomes are reported based on sex (n=202 male, n=49 female). Data were further examined based on participants’ history of antidepressant use (n=142 with, n=103 without) and based on participants’ extent of synucleinopathy burden (n=70 defined as isolated RBD, n=181 defined as RBD+ [i.e., exhibiting ≥1 abnormality]). Any observed sex differences among the data did not persist after correction for antidepressant use. Conclusion Conclusions: This prospective, cross-sectional data on history, demographic, cognitive, motor, sensory, and autonomic function in n=251 participants with RBD highlight the lack of sex differences and the high preponderance of concomitant neurological abnormalities with RBD, and provide a valuable registry for future longitudinal studies and neuroprotective clinical trials. Support (If Any) NIH NIA R34 AG056639 (YJ, BB)
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Panteli, Niki, and Ben Marder. "Constructing and enacting normality online across generations." Information Technology & People 30, no. 2 (June 5, 2017): 282–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/itp-06-2015-0134.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how different age groups construct and enact normality within social networking sites (SNS) and consequently extend theory in the area of online interactions. Design/methodology/approach The chosen research site was Facebook and research design involved focus groups across three different age groups: teenagers, young adults and the middle-aged. In total, there were 78 participants. The focus groups explored the metaphoric images of Facebook interactions. In doing so, participants were asked to draw a picture to represent their metaphor and following this, to position themselves and other characters within the picture. The drawings as well as the facilitators’ records provided the main data set for the study. Findings Connective and protective encounters were found to be used by different age groups when constructing and enacting normality on SNS. Further, it emerged that the interpretation and enactment of normality across the different age groups significantly varied. The metaphorical images have transpired as being a resourceful way of unpacking these differences. Research limitations/implications The study relied on focus groups in order to capture metaphorical images across generations. It did not include interviews with individual participants to elicit the extent to which they agreed with the group metaphor or whether there was anything else they might have presented in the drawings. This could be on the agenda for future research. Practical implications The findings of the study suggest that SNS managers and designers should sympathise with the view that users of different ages engage in different ways with SNS and as a result, user interfaces should be customised according to the age of the user. Social implications The study has implications for those interested in cross- and inter-generational research. Originality/value This is the first study in which the concept of normality has been adopted as a theoretical lens for understanding the interactions on SNS. Further, this work adds to the limited body of research on SNS use across different generations whilst it expands on the range of methodologies used within the information systems field.
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Fred, Morris A. "Law and Identity: Negotiating Meaning in the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act." International Journal of Cultural Property 6, no. 2 (July 1997): 199–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739197000301.
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AbstractThe enactment of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) in 1990 represented the culmination of a long process of negotiation and ultimate compromise between representatives of Native American tribes and American museums. This paper focuses on the initial implementation stage of NAGPRA. That stage reveals that interaction between the two sides has entailed (and continues to entail) negotiations not only concerning the disposition of specific Native American cultural objects but also equally important concerning the professional identities of Native Americans and museum professionals, respectively. Viewed in this way, NAGPRA's post-enactment process is seen to illustrate the various functions of law (both symbolic and concrete) in maintaining the social and ideological dialectic of American society.