Academic literature on the topic 'Site selection – Chicago – Case studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Site selection – Chicago – Case studies"
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Heitzman, Eric, and Adrian Grell. "Planting Oaks in Group Selection Openings on Upland Sites: Two Case Studies from Arkansas." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 30, no. 3 (August 1, 2006): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/30.3.117.
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Abstract Two upland sites in Arkansas were studied to test the performance of 1-0 northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and white oak (Quercus alba L.) seedlings planted in group selection openings. Both red and white oak seedlings were planted at one location in the Ozark Mountains,and only red oak seedlings were planted at a second site along Crowleys Ridge. Holes were dug with power augers and seedlings were planted by hand. At the time of planting, the mean height of red oak and white oak seedlings at the Ozark site were 3.4 and 1.9 ft, respectively. Red oak seedlingsat Crowleys Ridge averaged 3.0 ft tall when planted. After 4 years at the Ozark site, 77% of red oak and 86% of white oak were alive. After 3 years at Crowleys Ridge, red oak survival was 80%. Seedlings at both sites grew slowly. Mean 4-year height increment at the Ozarksite was 2.1 ft for red oak and 2.5 ft for white oak, and mean 3-year height increment for red oak at Crowleys Ridge was 1.6 ft. Three years after planting in the Ozark Mountains and 2 years after planting at Crowleys Ridge, naturally regenerating competition had suppressed over one-thirdof the red oak and about one-half of the white oak. This necessitated a release treatment around planted seedlings at both sites. Oaks that decreased in total height over a given growing season were common. Most seedlings that decreased in height had been pulled over or crushed by other vegetationor exhibited top dieback. South. J. Appl.For. 30(3):142–146.
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Willingham-McLain, Gary. "Darwin's “Eye of Reason”: Natural Selection and the Mathematical Sublime." Victorian Literature and Culture 25, no. 1 (1997): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300004630.
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According to charles darwin's subsidence theory of coral reef formation, coral polyps laid the foundation fifty million years ago for a Pacific reef now known as Enewetak Atoll (Wood 12). At that time Enewetak was simply a ring of coral around the fringe of a sinking island mountain. Able to live only near the ocean's surface, however, corals build upon previous generations of coral structure as their land base sinks, and in the case of Enewetak this process continued long after the mountain's peak first submerged. Today Enewetak Atoll rises above the original mountain seven-tenths of a mile (two-and-a-half times the height of the Chicago Sears Tower) before it reaches its apex in a circle of lagoon islands on the ocean's surface.
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Ünlü Öztürk, Ceren, and Ersin Türk. "Location Site Selection Preferences of Construction Firms that Offer Second Homes to Foreign Investors: The Case of Trabzon." Iconarp International J. of Architecture and Planning 9, no. 2 (December 21, 2021): 874–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15320/iconarp.2021.184.
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Stadtmann, Sven, and Philip J. Seddon. "Release site selection: reintroductions and the habitat concept." Oryx 54, no. 5 (November 23, 2018): 687–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605318001199.
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AbstractIdentifying release sites with good habitat quality is one of the most important steps in any reintroduction project. However, despite their wide application in legislation and research, the habitat concept and habitat-related terms remain poorly defined and subject to confusion. Reviewing a variety of definitions, we advocate for understanding habitat as an area with a species-specific set of resources and environmental conditions that enable a population to persist and reproduce. Using this understanding we investigated release site selection as well as the usage of the term habitat and other habitat-related terms in 324 reintroduction case studies and reintroduction policy documents published during January 1990–May 2016. Although the use of the habitat concept in these publications remained mostly unclear because of the lack of definitions provided, we found an overall improvement in the quality of reintroduction site assessment, and a shift towards more systematic approaches, such as habitat modelling and experimental translocation. To further improve reporting on release site selection, we recommend updating IUCN reintroduction publications and encouraging practitioners to consider the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of habitat, as well as the multiple scales at which a species selects its habitat, in the design of a release site assessment.
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McShane, Marilyn D., Frank P. Williams, and Carl P. Wagoner. "Prison Impact Studies: Some Comments on Methodological Rigor." Crime & Delinquency 38, no. 1 (January 1992): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128792038001007.
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Many pronouncements have been made in the process of site selection for new prisons. A review of the research literature on the effect of prisons on communities reveals that most of this information is unsupported by good research design. This essay presents a critique of the methodological and research design problems of prison impact studies. Various threats to validity are explored and two complementary methodologies, a single-site time series and multisite time series, are proposed for prison impact studies. Strict attention to internal-validity concerns will provide better answers to causal mechanisms and outcomes than is currently the case.
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Arleiny, Arleiny, Yoyok Soesatyo, and Erny Roesminingsih. "Management and Recommendations of Nautical Simulators and Laboratory: Multiple-Site Case Study." IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research 3, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 110–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v3i1.192.
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This study aims to manage laboratory management and nautical simulators at Marine Science Polytechnic of Semarang and Polytechnic of Surabaya. Methods This research uses a multi-status study (multiple-site case study) in two institutions. This study uses interview guide instruments, observation sheets, and a list of documentation studies. The results showed that the laboratory management of Marine Science Polytechnic of Semarang and Polytechnic of Surabaya was said to be good. With qualifications in planning, supervising, managing, supervising laboratories and nautical simulators. Laboratory planning and nautical simulators at Marine Science Polytechnic of Semarang go through 4 (four) stages, the procurement preparation stage, the selection preparation stage, the selection implementation stage, and the contract implementation stage and handover of work results. Meanwhile, planning for laboratories and nautical simulators at Polytechnic of Surabaya is divided into 2 (two), procurement of new goods and maintenance. The findings in this study are emphasized on the results of data collection through interviews and documentation sent by resource persons to researchers. And the conclusion of the study shows that the quality management of both marine Science Polytechnic of Semarang and Polytechnic of Surabaya has been running well according to the procedure.
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Nasirinezhad, Ali, Dejan Stevanović, Dragan Ignjatović, and Mehdi Rahmanpour. "Primary crusher site selection in open pit mines: Case study in Sungun copper mine." Podzemni radovi, no. 38 (2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/podrad2138015n.
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Facility site selection, (such as Primary or in pit Crusher location) is one of the most important steps in mine design process that has a significant impact on economy of the mining operation. This study covers an attempt to find the optimal location for primary crusher in order to support the expansion of Sungun copper mine, which is the second largest open pit mine in Iran. Recent exploration drilling has led to a considerable increase in the ore reserve. Therefore, Sungun started the studies followed with an expansion plan with the goal to increase the capacity from 14 to 28 Mt/Year within the next 8 years. In this paper, 14 effective parameters for finding the best location for a new crusher in five possible options were considered. The options were evaluated based on weighted linear combination method. The results show that the location in South East part of the open pit is the best option for locating of the new crusher. Finally, based on the economic parameters and copper price forecasts, pit optimization and sensitive analysis are applied. Results show that in the worst case, just 0.17 % of ore reserve is affected by the selected area and the minable reserve can cover 78 years of operation.
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Palanisamy, Ramaraj. "Tacit Knowledge Sharing During ERP Acquisition: An Exploratory Multi-Site Case Study." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 11, no. 02 (June 2012): 1250010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649212500104.
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Organisations that implement Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) software packages are making a big commitment in terms of both time and money. Realising the ERP benefits, some organisations have successfully implemented while others have struggled, settled for minimum returns, and abandoned the system. To mitigate the risks, a knowledge sharing framework is suggested to be put in place during ERP acquisition. Based on findings in an explorative case study of three Canadian organisations that have gone through ERP acquisition phases, this study examines tacit knowledge sharing in ERP acquisition planning process, information search process, selection, evaluation, choice, and negotiations. The lessons learned and knowledge sharing activities are given by presenting a cross-comparison of the case studies.
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Neal, PhD, David M. "Four case studies of emergency operations centers: Design characteristics and implications." Journal of Emergency Management 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2005.0006.
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Few studies exist on Emergency Operating Center (EOC) location and design. In response to the lack of literature on the topic, this study describes some basic characteristics of four EOCs located in central Alabama. The results of the study show that convenience and availability determine the EOC site selection. The EOCs in the study have dedicated areas for offices, operations, and meetings. In a perfect world, the respondents in the study recommended that EOCs should have sleeping areas, showers, cooking facilities, and restrooms. The biggest challenge faced by the respondents in the study was noise level in the operations room, which hinders communications and decision making. Most have attempted various strategies with some success to tackle this issue. A combination of allotted space, resources, personal experience, and advice from others strongly influence EOC design and configuration.
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Qiao, Yuanlu, and Jingpeng Wang. "An intuitionistic fuzzy site selection decision framework for waste-to-energy projects from the perspective of "Not In My Backyard" risk." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 2 (2022): 3676–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023184.
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<abstract> <p>In the process of site selection for waste-to-energy (WtE) projects, the public is concerned about the impact of project construction on the surrounding environment and physical health and thus resists the construction site, leading to the emergence of "Not In My Backyard" (NIMBY) risk, which hinders the implementation of WtE projects. These risks make the ambiguity and uncertainty of scheme evaluation and decision higher. In this regard, this study constructed a WtE project site selection decision framework based on comprehensive consideration of NIMBY risk. Firstly, indicators were selected from cost perception, benefit expectation, and NIMBY risk to construct a WtE project site selection indicator system. Then, based on the "Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory" (DEMATEL) and the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi-criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution (IFVIKOR) method, a site selection decision framework is constructed. The system takes into account the interaction between indicators and obtains a more reasonable index weight. Meanwhile, the intuitionistic fuzzy theory is used to solve the fuzziness and uncertainty in risk assessment and decision-making. Finally, the feasibility of the siting decision system was verified through case studies. The results show that the A3 in this case was considered the best location for the project. In addition, the sensitivity analysis verifies the reliability and stability of the WtE project location decision framework.</p> </abstract>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Site selection – Chicago – Case studies"
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Hawkins, Matthew Lane 1974, and Christian Eyre 1975 Foulger. "Quantifying the art of retail site selection : a retail case study." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29893.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 88-89).
Although there have been great strides in attempting to identify the locations that will yield the highest sales, the opinion among retailers remains that once the demographic, market, and sub-market analysis is complete, the choice of where to open a store within a sub-market is a matter of "feeling". Science can help a retailer pinpoint an optimal intersection that will enable it to place its goods and/or services in front of the largest number of potential customers, but it is the "art" of site selection that will enable a retailer to choose the best of the available locations surrounding the targeted intersection. There are invariably a number of appropriate alternative sites within a qualified trade area. Choosing the best location among these alternative sites is subjective. This "feeling" or "art" of selecting the relatively better location is something that is usually refined through years of developing the intuition for what will work the best. The purpose of this paper is to look at and then quantify the real estate variables that affect the relative attractiveness of available locations that exist within a delineated trade area. This is in an attempt to replace the subjectivity or "art" of selecting the best location with that of quantifiable results that prove that one site will result in higher sales than that of another. The results of the analysis show that the independent variables fail to predict sales per square foot with a requisite statistical significance. While the data failed to prove the hypothesis that the "art" of selecting retail locations can be replaced with quantitative analysis, the authors believe that with a larger sample size real estate factors can provide valuable insight into sales per square foot forecasts.
by Matthew Lane Hawkins and Christian Eyre Foulger.
S.M.
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Lashkari, Hormoz, and Christopher Voutsinas. "Site selection criteria for resort development and a case study in northern New England." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/68244.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1990.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 167-170).
by Hormoz Lashkari and Christopher Voutsinas.
M.S.
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Chabuk, Ali Jalil. "Analysis of Landfill Site Selection-Case Studies Al-Hillah and Al-Qasim Qadhaas, Babylon, Iraq." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-347.
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The selection of a landfill site is considered as a complicated task because the whole process is based on many factors and restrictions. This study shows the present status of solid waste management, solid waste sources, staffing for solid waste collection, machinery and equipment used in the waste collection process, finance and financial management at Babylon Governorate and its Qadhaa. The management of collection and disposal of waste in Babylon Governorate and its Qadhaa is done through open dumping of waste and the quality of the collection process is poor. This is the case in Al-Hillah Qadhaa, which is located in the central part of the governorate, Iraq and Al-Qasim Qadhaas, which is situated in the southern part of the Babylon Governorate, Iraq. These sites do not conform to the scientific and environmental criteria applied in the selection of landfill sites. In the first part of the current study, to find out how much solid waste will be produced in the future; two methods were used to calculate the population growth in Al-Hillah and Al-Qasim Qadhaas to the year 2030. The results showed that the total waste in 2030 according to the first and second methods respectively will be 394,081 tonnes and 472,474 tonnes in Al-Hillah Qadhaa, and (54,481 tonnes and 76,374 tonnes) in Al-Qasim Qadhaa. The cumulated quantity of solid waste expected to be produced between 2020 and 2030 according to the first and second methods respectively was 3,757,387 tonnes and 4,300,864 tonnes in Al-Hillah Qadhaa, whilst in Al-Qasim Qadhaa it was 519,456 tonnes and 695,219 tonnes. The generation rate in 2020 will be (0.88 and 0.62) kg/ (capita. day) in Al-Hillah and Al-Qasim Qadhaas respectively; in year 2030, the generation rate will be (0.97 and 0.69) kg/ (capita. day) based on method 2 and an expected incremental increase in generation rate of 1 kg/ (capita. day) per year. The second part of this study aims to find the best sites for landfills in Al-Hillah and Al-Qasim Qadhaas. For this reason, 15 criteria were adopted in this study (groundwater depth, rivers, soil types, agricultural land use, land use, elevation, slope, gas pipelines, oil pipelines, power lines, roads, railways, urban centres, villages and archaeological sites) using GIS (geographic information system), which has a large capacity for managing input data. In addition, the AHP (analytical hierarchy process) method was used to derive the relative weightings for each criterion using pairwise comparison. The suitability index map for candidate landfill sites was obtained. Two suitable candidate landfill sites were found to fulfill the scientific and environmental requirements in each Qadhaa, with areas of 9.153 km2 and 8.204 km2 respectively in Al-Hillah Qadhaa, and with areas of 2.766 km2 and 2.055 km2 respectively in Al-Qasim Qadhaa. The area of these sites can accommodate solid waste from 2020 until 2030 based on the required areas, which were 4.175 km2 and 4.778 km2 (Ali-Hillah Qadhaa) and 0.577 km2 and 0.772 km2 in (Al-Qasim Qadhaa) according to the first and second methods respectively.
Book chapters on the topic "Site selection – Chicago – Case studies"
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Belmecheri, Soumaya, William E. Wright, and Paul Szejner. "Sample Collection and Preparation for Annual and Intra-annual Tree-Ring Isotope Chronologies." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 103–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_4.
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AbstractThis chapter provides guidance for conducting studies based on stable isotope measurements in tree rings to infer past and present climate variability and ecophysiology. Balancing theoretical perspectives of stable isotope variations recorded in tree rings, intended research applications (paleoclimate or ecophysiology) and resource limitations, this chapter describes key aspects of field sampling strategies and laboratory sample processing. It presents an overview of factors influencing variations and thus interpretations of carbon and oxygen isotopes, including juvenile/age effects, canopy status and stand characteristicsto inform sampling strategies that optimize a robust paleoenvironmental and physiological signal with statistically defined confidence limits. Fieldwork considerations include the selection of a study site and trees, field equipment, and sample requirements to recover sufficient material for isotopic measurements, and the desired environmental signal. Aspects of laboratory sample processing include choosing a sampling resolution (e.g. whole ring, earlywood/latewood, thin section, etc.), sample pooling within and between trees, and particle size requirements for chemical extraction and analytical repeatability. Finally, this chapter provides a case study highlighting the potential benefits and limitations of high-resolution sub-seasonal sampling.
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Belmecheri, Soumaya, William E. Wright, and Paul Szejner. "Sample Collection and Preparation for Annual and Intra-annual Tree-Ring Isotope Chronologies." In Stable Isotopes in Tree Rings, 103–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92698-4_4.
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AbstractThis chapter provides guidance for conducting studies based on stable isotope measurements in tree rings to infer past and present climate variability and ecophysiology. Balancing theoretical perspectives of stable isotope variations recorded in tree rings, intended research applications (paleoclimate or ecophysiology) and resource limitations, this chapter describes key aspects of field sampling strategies and laboratory sample processing. It presents an overview of factors influencing variations and thus interpretations of carbon and oxygen isotopes, including juvenile/age effects, canopy status and stand characteristicsto inform sampling strategies that optimize a robust paleoenvironmental and physiological signal with statistically defined confidence limits. Fieldwork considerations include the selection of a study site and trees, field equipment, and sample requirements to recover sufficient material for isotopic measurements, and the desired environmental signal. Aspects of laboratory sample processing include choosing a sampling resolution (e.g. whole ring, earlywood/latewood, thin section, etc.), sample pooling within and between trees, and particle size requirements for chemical extraction and analytical repeatability. Finally, this chapter provides a case study highlighting the potential benefits and limitations of high-resolution sub-seasonal sampling.
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Lewis, Robert. "Building the Suburban Factory and Industrial Decline in Postwar Chicago." In Chicago's Industrial Decline, 39–64. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752629.003.0003.
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This chapter examines the built form of deindustrialization through an examination of the metropolitan geography of factory construction after 1945. It shows the little capital investment that flowed to Chicago, while the suburbs became the prime location for the construction of new industrial facilities. It also discusses how employment loss in the central city of Chicago was rooted in site selection decisions made by the managers of industrial and financial firms about more profitable locations for fixed-capital investment. The chapter focuses on factory construction that provides a different perspective on the impact that industrial change had on the built environment. It looks at studies of the relationship between local economic change, politics, and place dependency that have demonstrated the tenuous hold that places have on productive forces and the unequal relationship that exists between place and capital.
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Scholte, Tatja. "Site-Specific Installation Art in Historical Perspective." In The Perpetuation of Site-Specific Installation Artworks in Museums. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463723763_ch02.
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The argument in this chapter starts with a discussion of the art historical discourse on site-specific installation art. Artists as well as critics have explored various notions of site specificity, usually in concordance with successive art historical periods: the first “wave” of site-specific installations created during the late 1960s and early 1970s, and a second period, from the 1980s and early 1990s until today. The chapter elucidates several art historical perspectives on both periods and the shifts occurring in the relationship between artists and museum institutions, between the artwork and the site. Furthermore, it is important to realize that site-specific installation artworks are highly diverse in form, content, and meaning. For the current purpose of developing a model with an eye to the artworks’ perpetuation, a chronological approach is only partly effective. A further abstraction in categorization is needed, focusing on the network of site-specific functions and their changes over time. To this end, a selection of relevant notions elucidate the extended lives of site-specific installations, which I derive from case studies and observations made by artists and art historians in this respect. The discussion is a prelude to chapter 3, in which I take the vocabulary for site-specific installation artworks one step further by employing a triadic set of spatial functions, which I derive from Henri Lefebvre’s theory on space.
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van Klinken, Adriaan, and Ezra Chitando. "Introduction." In Reimagining Christianity and Sexual Diversity in Africa, 1–20. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197619995.003.0001.
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Positioning the book in wider scholarship and debates, this chapter offers a general introduction to the subject of sexuality and Christianity in contemporary Africa. It discusses (1) how sexuality has become a key site of struggle where postcolonial African identity is imagined, negotiated, contested, and transformed; (2) how Christianity is a critical discursive field in which this struggle over sexuality in Africa takes place; (3) how African Christian thought, practice, and creative arts also constitute a site for a progressive re-imagination of sexual diversity in contemporary Africa. The chapter further provides a rationale for the selection of the case studies presented in this book, and acknowledges some limitations. It explains the way in which the book is organized, and introduces each of the main chapters.
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Louvros, Spiros, and Athanassios C. Iossifides. "Polymer Optical Fibers (POF) Applications for Indoor Cell Coverage Transmission Infrastructure." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 1178–87. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch160.
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The role of transmission network design is diverse. Basically, it includes the preparation of transmission solutions for access and core (backbone) transmission networks. In the design of a transmission network, the engineer must have knowledge about existing transmission products and also operator budget analysis. For this reason, the transmission engineer might also act in early discussions with an operator and, in that case, support the marketing unit with technical competence within the area of transmission. In GSM/GPRS networks the user traffic is circuit switched through the GSM network and the signaling messages (including SMS) are transported on dedicated circuits, while the packet traffic is packet switched through the GPRS infrastructure. One of the most important parameters to consider is the design of GSM/PRS networks is the access radio topology. The network topology selection is an evaluation process, which incorporates business strategy, investment costs, technology roadmap, network redundancy and robustness, network evolution path, and the migration strategy from the current network to the planned target network. The topology selection produces a preferred network topology plan for the target network. The topology provides information about the network such as node/site location, geographical information, existing network infrastructure, and capacity, new node/site to be added, and new network configuration, such as new hub sites. The information contained in the topology plan allows the radio transmission network planner to formulate an expansion strategy to meet future cellular network growth (Figure 1). Cell plan is a graphical representation of the network which simply looks like a cell pattern on a map. However, there is a lot of work behind it, regarding the correct geographical position of the site, the antenna parameters and types, the dimensioning analysis regarding the offered and designed capacity and interference predictions. Such planning needs computer-aided analysis tools for radio propagation studies, for example, planning tools like TEMS CellPlanner Universal or NetHawk analyzer.
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"Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat: The Governance, Practices, and Science." In Managing the Impacts of Human Activities on Fish Habitat: The Governance, Practices, and Science, edited by Philip Roni, Tim Beechie, Chris Jordan, and George Pess. American Fisheries Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874417.ch5.
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<em>Abstract.</em>—Monitoring of restoration at a basin rather than reach scale presents both scientific and organizational challenges. Using three case studies in the Pacific Northwest, we demonstrate the key factors and challenges that need to be considered when designing basin-scale evaluation of numerous restoration actions. These include linking reach and basin scale responses to restoration, identifying a core set of parameters to monitor at those different scales, and continuous coordinating of restoration, monitoring, and other fisheries management actions. Linking reach and basin level responses to restoration requires different methods of site selection, sampling design, and scale of measurement than typically used for reach-scale monitoring. In addition, parameters may not be appropriate for measurement at both scales. For example, parameters typically measured at a reach scale, such as fish abundance or pool frequency, may be examined at both a reach and basin scale while others, such as sediment supply, are more appropriately examined at basin level. Parameters that measure processes such as sediment supply or riparian condition respond slowly to restoration actions and require a long term monitoring (>10 years). A core set of parameters for basin scale monitoring of restoration should include: stream discharge and temperature, coarse and fine sediment supply, riparian species diversity and size, pool frequency, wood abundance, fish abundance, macroinvertebrates, and periphyton. Finally, failing to properly coordinate the timing, location, and implementation of restoration, monitoring, and other fisheries and land management activities can prevent the most well designed and costly monitoring program from detecting a restoration response.
Conference papers on the topic "Site selection – Chicago – Case studies"
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Brotzman, John M. "NOX Control Systems: SCR Bypass Systems — 20,000 MW of Case Studies." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52173.
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Correct design and layout of the SCR BYPASS SYSTEM is critically important to the efficiency and operation of power plants. Utilities have even had to consider closing down plants that could not efficiently operate their Bypass Systems. Numerous gas path configurations are available, which vary considerably based on site and space limitations, construction lifting capabilities and site construction limitations, as well as other key considerations specific to each plant site. This technical paper discusses a number of arrangements, technical selection and layout criteria. This paper discusses case studies and design details of approximately 20,000 MW of successful bypass system equipment which improve system performance, reduce pressure drop, reduce abrasive wear, substantially minimize maintenance costs and simplify operating requirements.
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West, Julia M., Ian G. McKinley, and Simcha Stroes-Gascoyne. "Implications of Microbial Redox Catalysis in Analogue Systems for Repository Safety Cases." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16336.
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A detailed assessment of studies of oxidising redox fronts around fractures at depth in otherwise “reducing” environments suggests that the usual explanation, in terms of past disturbances that have resulted in deep penetration of oxidising water, are incompatible with hydrogeological and/or geochemical observations. An alternative hypothesis, microbial catalysis of kinetically slow or hindered reactions involving oxyanions such as sulphate or carbonate, appears potentially more credible. Although still not always taken into account by the geochemical community, the role of microbial metabolism in low temperature geochemistry is supported by the rapidly expanding database on subsurface microbial populations. These populations are demonstrated to be viable and, therefore, could potentially be active at levels close to or below current detection limits in deep geological systems. Indeed, inspection of information available from several analogue studies or repository site characterisation programmes suggests that such activity may explain some of the geochemical anomalies encountered. This paper examines the current (indirect) evidence for microbial redox catalysis in relevant subsurface rock matrix environments and considers the implications that this would have for the development of site understanding — and in particular the identification of factors that may distinguish between different locations during site selection. Further, it examines the wider implications of more extensive roles of microbes in repository systems on the overall post-closure safety case and the need for further focused analogue studies to develop answers to these open questions.
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Greene, John F., and Dara Williams. "The Influence of Drilling Rig and Riser System Selection on Wellhead Fatigue Loading." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83754.
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With drilling and exploration activity currently high in both deep and shallow water regions rig availability and selection is an issue for operators to consider in order to achieve the desired exploration schedule. At present the industry focus is on the development of 6th generation drilling rigs with the capacity to operate in increasing deep water. However despite the focus on deepwater exploration and the associated demand for deepwater drilling rigs there still exists demand for drilling rigs that can operate in shallow to moderate water depths (100m–500m). In addition, certain field development scenarios may exist where planned water depths for drilling activities vary significantly and therefore a drilling rig and riser system is required that can operate satisfactorily in both shallow and deep water depths. For a given drill site, rig availability or well location, may be such that an operator may have to select a modern deepwater 6th generation rig for shallow water activities where a 3rd generation rig would appear to provide a better solution. Other considerations such as vessel station keeping requirements may lead to selection of a 6th generation rig over a 3rd generation rig, as the former tend to have improved DP thrusters capacity. However it is also important to note that while the 6th generation rigs may have been proven to be robust systems for operation in deep water, the response of a 6th generation drilling system in shallow water depths can be very different to that of an older 3rd generation rig and drilling riser system. Thus careful consideration must be made by the operator when considering the selection of drilling vessels for shallow to moderate water depths. Fatigue life of the wellhead is shown to be affected when one compares the response of the 6th generation and 3rd generation drilling systems in shallow to moderate depths. This also needs to be accounted for when selecting rigs for workover or intervention operations on older infrastructure. This paper presents a discussion on the various parameters such as BOP stack size, riser, flex joint and vessel design that influence the response of the drilling system in shallow to moderate water depths (100m–500m). A number of case studies and parametric studies have been carried out and the results of these are presented in order to compare the wellhead fatigue damage from the older 3rd generation systems with the 6thgeneration systems and also to identify the critical drivers for this fatigue life reduction.
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Wan, Ping K., Desmond W. Chan, and Alice C. Carson. "Environmental Considerations for Preparing Permit Applications of New Nuclear Power Plants Located in Greenfield Sites." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29330.
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Nuclear power generation has become an increasingly attractive alternative in the United States (U.S.) power market due to several factors: growing demand for electric power, increasing global competition for fossil fuels, concern over greenhouse gas emissions and their potential impact on climate change, and the desire for energy independence. Assuring the protection of people and the environment are of paramount concern to nuclear power generators and regulators as we move towards a possible nuclear renaissance. Thus, sound engineering design is of utmost important and potential environmental and safety concerns must be carefully evaluated and disposition during permitting of the new nuclear power plants. Areas to be considered in order to alleviate these concerns include the following: • Site meteorology and dispersion conditions of the area; • Evaluation of radiological consequence during normal plant operation and emergency conditions; • Water availability for plant cooling system; • Evaluation of potential land use, water use, ecological and socioeconomic impacts of the proposed action. This paper focuses on site suitability evaluation for greenfield sites through site characterization, examination of challenges/constraints in deployment of available technology/plant systems, and mapping of permitting compliance strategy. Case studies related to selection of plant systems based on the environmental site conditions, preferred compliance plan, and public acceptance, are included.
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Shi, Zhongming, Shanshan Hsieh, Bhargava Krishna Sreepathi, Jimeno A. Fonseca, François Maréchal, and Arno Schlueter. "Coarse typological studies on urban program and density defined by various urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5636.
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Coarse typological studies on urban program and density defined by various urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore. Zhongming Shi1,2, Shanshan Hsieh1,2,3, Bhargava Krishna Sreepathi1,2, Jimeno A. Fonseca1,2, François Maréchal1,3, Arno Schlueter1,2 1 Future Cities Laboratory, Singapore-ETH Centre, 1 Create Way, CREATE Tower, 138602 Singapore 2 Architecture and Building Systems, Institute of Technology in Architecture, ETH Zurich, John-von-Neumann-Weg 9, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland 3 Industrial Process and Energy Systems Engineering Group, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland E-mail: shi@arch.ethz.ch, nils.schueler@epfl.ch, hsieh@arch.ethz.ch, sebastien.cajot@epfl.ch, fonseca@arch.ethz.ch, francois.marechal@epfl.ch, schlueter@arch.ethz.ch Keywords: Urban typology, urban form, energy technology, urban program, density Conference topics and scale: Efficient use of resources in sustainable cities Cities consume about three quarters of global primary energy. Compared to the beginning of the Twentieth Century, the urban area is expected to triple by 2030. The future urban energy performance is substantially influenced by how the urban area is planned, designed, and built. New energy technologies have enabled new possibilities of the urban form. For example, a district cooling system can free the building rooftops for more architectural design options, like an infinity pool or a sky garden. Vice versa, to maximize the energy performance, some new energy technologies enforce some specific requirements on the urban forms, like the urban form and density. We apply a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation to identify the optimal allocation of energy demand density and energy systems (e.g. district cooling network) subject to resource availability and energy (or environmental) performance targets (e.g. renewable share). The optimized energy demand density can be translated into urban program combinations and density ranges and gradients. To build the model, we survey the prevailing energy conversion technologies and their costs. Based on the local standards of Singapore, we derive the energy profiles and demand densities of buildings with different programs. We adopt a real case study in Singapore to test the target energy technologies. Adjacent to the existing central business district, the site, currently a container terminal, has an area around 1,000 hectares. Upon the relocation of the terminal in 10 years, the energy technologies, the density, and the program of the site have a variety of possibilities. This paper builds a series of coarse urban typologies in terms of urban program and density when adopting different urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore. Furthermore, the general density and the density gradient may vary when the size of these energy infrastructures alters. In an integrated urban design process involving energy considerations, the urban designer can refer these urban typologies for rules on the general density, the density gradient, and the urban program combination based on the selected energy technologies. On the other way, these urban typologies can also help on the selection of energy technologies to accommodate the target urban density and program. References (100 words) Ratti, C., Baker, N., and Steemers, K. (2005). Energy consumption and urban texture. Energy Build. 37, 762–776. Salat, S. (2009). Energy loads, CO2 emissions and building stocks: morphologies, typologies, energy systems and behaviour. Build. Res. Inf. 37, 598–609. Seto, K.C., Güneralp, B., and Hutyra, L.R. (2012). Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and direct impacts on biodiversity and carbon pools. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109, 16083–16088. UN-Habitat (2012). Energy. [Online]. Available: http://unhabitat.org/urban-themes/energy. [Accessed:08-Nov-2016].
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Nesbitt, Victoria A. "The Phytoremediation of Radioactively Contaminated Land: A Feasible Approach or Just Bananas?" In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96318.
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Soil is an essential component of all terrestrial ecosystems and is under increasing threat from human activity. Techniques available for removing radioactive contamination from soil and aquatic substrates are limited and often costly to implement; particularly over large areas. Frequently, bulk soil removal, with its attendant consequences, is a significant component of the majority of contamination incidents. Alternative techniques capable of removing contamination or exposure pathways without damaging or removing the soil are therefore of significant interest. An increasing number of old nuclear facilities are entering ‘care and maintenance’, with significant ground contamination issues. Phytoremediation — the use of plants’ natural metabolic processes to remediate contaminated sites is one possible solution. Its key mechanisms include phytoextraction and phytostabilisation. These are analogues of existing remedial techniques. Further, phytoremediation can improve soil quality and stability and restore functionality. Information on the application of phytoremediation in the nuclear industry is widely distributed over an extended period of time and sources. It is therefore difficult to quickly and effectively identify which plants would be most suitable for phytoremediation on a site by site basis. In response, a phytoremediation tool has been developed to address this issue. Existing research and case studies were reviewed to understand the mechanisms of phytoremediation, its effectiveness and the benefits and limitations of implementation. The potential for cost recovery from a phytoremediation system is also briefly considered. An overview of this information is provided here. From this data, a set of matrices was developed to guide potential users through the plant selection process. The matrices take the user through a preliminary screening process to determine whether the contamination present at their site is amenable to phytoremediation, and to give a rough indication as to what plants might be suitable. The second two allow the user to target specific plant species that would be most likely to successfully establish based on prevailing site conditions. The outcome of this study is a phytoremediation tool that can facilitate the development of phytoremediation projects, avoiding the need for in-depth research to identify optimal plant species on a case-by-case basis.
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Sharma, Pavan K., B. Ghosh, R. K. Singh, A. K. Ghosh, and H. S. Kushwaha. "Evaluation and Numerical Simulation of Tsunami for Coastal Nuclear Power Plants of India." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89849.
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Recent tsunami generated on December 26, 2004 due to Sumatra earthquake of magnitude 9.3 resulted in inundation at the various coastal sites of India. The site selection and design of Indian nuclear power plants demand the evaluation of run up and the structural barriers for the coastal plants: Besides it is also desirable to evaluate the early warning system for tsunamigenic earthquakes. The tsunamis originate from submarine faults, underwater volcanic activities, sub-aerial landslides impinging on the sea and submarine landslides. In case of a submarine earthquake-induced tsunami the wave is generated in the fluid domain due to displacement of the seabed. There are three phases of tsunami: generation, propagation, and run-up. Reactor Safety Division (RSD) of Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), Trombay has initiated computational simulation for all the three phases of tsunami source generation, its propagation and finally run up evaluation for the protection of public life, property and various industrial infrastructures located on the coastal regions of India. These studies could be effectively utilized for design and implementation of early warning system for coastal region of the country apart from catering to the needs of Indian nuclear installations. This paper presents some results of tsunami waves based on different analytical/numerical approaches with shallow water wave theory.
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Webster, Scott, and Brent Robinson. "Driveability Analysis Techniques for Offshore Pile Installations." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11608.
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Pile driveability analyses for offshore platforms require a unique set of criteria, which may not normally be associated with other pile foundation installations. The selected hammers, pile makeup details and soil profile must be carefully reviewed, as these factors will determine if pile installations will be successful. The most important of the variables to establish is the expected Soil Resistance to Driving (SRD). Common practice is to relate the SRD to the Static Soil Resistance (SSR) which is normally provided based upon the American Petroleum Institute (API) methods of calculation or some variance based upon local site conditions and experience. In addition, due to the substantial use of hydraulic hammers hammer operating energies must be selected such that pile driving can be accomplished while avoiding pile damage. Current procedures used for driveability analysis will be provided and the methods of parameter selection discussed in detail. These procedures, which have been used on several offshore projects in various offshore fields around the world, will be presented with the original driveability analysis and the recorded pile installation records. A method to determine the expected SRD will be discussed based upon the experience collected from these sites which are in numerous offshore fields worldwide. Four Case Studies are shown to validate the described methodology.
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Lall, Amrita, Hamid Khakpour Nejadkhaki, and John Hall. "Design and Control Framework for Selecting Wind Turbine Gear Ratios Based on Optimal Power Generation and Blade Stress." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9716.
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A variable ratio gearbox (VRG) can enable small wind turbines to operate at discrete variable rotor speeds. This reliable, low-cost, alternative does not require power conversion equipment, as is the case with conventional variable speed. Previous work conducted by the author has demonstrated that a VRG can increase the power production for a fixed-speed system with passive blades. The current study characterizes the performance of a wind turbine equipped with a VRG and active blades. The contribution of this work is an integrative framework that optimizes power production with blade root stress. It works by defining a set of control rules that specify the VRG gear ratio and pitch angle that will be used in relation to wind speed. Three ratios are selected through the proposed procedure. A case study based on the simulation of a 300-kW wind turbine model is performed to demonstrate the proposed technique. The model is constructed with aerodynamic, mechanical, and electrical submodels. These drivetrain components work together to simulate the conversion of moving air to electrical power. The blade element momentum (BEM) technique is used here to compute the blade loading. The resulting torque and rotor speed are reduced and increased, respectively, through the mechanical system gearbox. The output from this is then applied to the electrical generator. The BEM technique is also used here to determine the bending and thrust and loads that are applied to the blade. The stress in the root of the blade is then determined based on these loads, and that caused by centrifugal force and gravity. The proposed method devises a VRG design and control algorithm based on the unique wind conditions at a given installation site. Two case studies are conducted using wind data sets provided by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Low and high-speed data set are selected as inputs to demonstrate the versatility of the proposed method. Dynamic programming is used to reduce the computational expense. This enables the simulation of an exhaustive set of potential VRG combinations over each set of recorded wind data. Each possible combination is evaluated in terms of the total energy production and blade-root stress produced over the simulation period. A set of weights is applied to a multi-objective function that computes the cost associated with each combination. A Pareto analysis is then used to identify the VRG combination and establish the control algorithm for both systems. The results suggest that the VRG can improve energy production in the partial-load region by roughly 10% in both cases. Although stress increases in Region 2, it decreases in Region 3, and overall, through the optimal selection of gear combinations.
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Lall, Amrita, Hamid Khakpour Nejadkhaki, and John Hall. "An Integrative Framework for Design and Control Optimization of a Variable-Ratio Gearbox in a Wind Turbine With Active Blades." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60244.
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A variable ratio gearbox (VRG) provides discrete variable rotor speed operation, and thus increases wind capture, for small fixed-speed wind turbines. It is a low-cost, reliable alternative to conventional variable speed operation, which requires special power-conditioning equipment. The authors’ previous work has demonstrated the benefit of using a VRG in a fixed-speed system with passive blades. This work characterizes the performance of the VRG when used with active blades. The main contribution of the study is an integrative design framework that maximizes power production while mitigating stress in the blade root. As part of the procedure, three gear ratios are selected for the VRG. It establishes the control rules by defining the gear ratio and pitch angle used in relation to wind speed and mechanical torque. A 300 kW wind turbine model is used for a case study that demonstrates how the framework is implemented. The model consists of aerodynamic, mechanical, and electrical submodels, which work collaboratively to convert kinetic air to electrical power. Blade element momentum theory is used in the aerodynamic model to compute the blade loads. The resulting torque is passed through a mechanical system and subsequently to the induction machine model to generate power. The BEM method also provides the thrust and bending loads that contribute to blade-root stress. The stress in the root of the blade is also computed in response to these loads, as well as those caused by gravity and centrifugal force. Two case studies are performed using wind data that was obtained from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Each of these represents an installation site with a unique set of wind conditions that are used to customize the wind turbine design. The framework uses dynamic programming to simulate the performance of an exhaustive set of combinations. Each combination is evaluated over each set of recorded wind data. The combinations are evaluated in terms of the total energy and stress that is produced over the simulation period. Weights are applied to a multi-objective cost function that identifies the optimal design configurations with respect to the design objectives. As a final design step, a VRG combination is selected, and a control algorithm is established for each set of wind data. During operation, the cost function can also be used to bias the system towards higher power production or lower stress. The results suggest a VRG can improve wind energy production in Region 2 by roughly 10% in both the low and high wind regions. In both cases, stress is also increased in Region 2, as the power increases. However, the stress in Region 3 may be reduced for some wind speeds through the optimal selection of gear combinations.