Academic literature on the topic 'Single-use plastic items'
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Journal articles on the topic "Single-use plastic items"
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Herberz, Timo, Claire Y. Barlow, and Matthias Finkbeiner. "Sustainability Assessment of a Single-Use Plastics Ban." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 5, 2020): 3746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093746.
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Governments around the world are introducing single-use plastics bans to alleviate plastic marine pollution. This paper investigates whether banning single-use plastic items is an appropriate strategy to protect the environment. Product life cycle assessment was conducted for single-use plastic and single-use non-plastic alternatives. The life cycle impacts of the two product categories were compared and scaled according to EU consumption of 2016. The results show that a single-use plastics ban would decrease plastic marine pollution in the EU by 5.5% which equates to a 0.06% decrease globally. However, such a ban would increase emissions contributing to marine aquatic toxicity in the EU by 1.4%. This paper concludes that single-use items are harmful to the environment regardless of their material. Therefore, banning or imposing a premium price on single-use items in general and not only single-use plastic items is a more effective method of reducing consumption and thereby pollution. The plastics ban only leads to a small reduction of global plastic marine pollution and thus provides only a partial solution to the problem it intends to solve.
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Di Paolo, Luca, Simona Abbate, Eliseo Celani, Davide Di Battista, and Giovanni Candeloro. "Carbon Footprint of Single-Use Plastic Items and Their Substitution." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 10, 2022): 16563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416563.
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Single-use plastic is having a significant environmental impact and its reduction is a mandatory step to reduce plastic pollution worldwide. Indeed, the time that a plastic item can persist in the environment is very long and it is well known that it can produce devastating effects in particular in seas and oceans. Moreover, production, use and disposal of plastic items have a significant impact also on the greenhouse effect; this can be estimated in a life cycle approach, by evaluating their carbon footprint. In this work, a review of the carbon footprint evaluation of different single-use plastic categories has been carried out, developing a methodology to immediately evaluate the benefits related to their substitution with compostable and bio-plastic and/or multiple-use items and materials. The result of the novel methodology developed is a certain number of matrixes, which can categorize impact values in order to compare them with replacement with bio-based plastic materials or multi-use things. Finally, the methodology was tested and validated through a case study, where a plastic reduction plan was proposed and implemented and the CO2 equivalent reduction was assessed, demonstrating a reduction potential related to a replacement by bioplastic or other materials equal, respectively, to 73% and 90%.
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Baechler, Britta R., Elise F. Granek, Kerry A. Carlin-Morgan, Tina E. Smith, and Max Nielsen-Pincus. "Aquarium Visitor Engagement with an Ocean Plastics Exhibit: Effects on Self-Reported Intended Single-Use Plastic Reductions and Plastic-Related Environmental Stewardship Actions." Journal of Interpretation Research 25, no. 2 (November 2020): 88–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10925872211021183.
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Plastic pollution requires, among a suite of other interventions, education to inspire behavioral change and reduce consumption of single-use items. We designed and installed an ocean plastics exhibit at the Oregon Coast Aquarium in Newport, Oregon, USA. We evaluated visitor engagement and the effects of the exhibit on their reported single-use plastic and plastic-related environmental stewardship intentions. Timed interaction observations ( n = 317) revealed children (0–17 years) engaged more with interactive elements than adults (18–80+ years). Ten single-use plastic reduction and plastic stewardship intentions were evaluated through structured questionnaires; the top three behaviors visitors intended to change were: using a reusable straw (37.4%), cleaning the beach (37.4%), and bring-your-own bag to the store or market (33.0%). 18 to 29 year olds had the highest change in desire to address the ocean plastics problem before and after seeing the exhibit, but the lowest likelihood of engaging in either single-use plastics reduction or plastic stewardship actions of all age groups.
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Genon, Jamaica, Jessa Mabunay, James Opsima, Rochelle Zamora, Jay Repaso, and John Michael Villagorda Sasan. "Solutions and Strategies to Reduce Damaging Impact of Single-Use Plastic Bag in Toledo City." Amalee: Indonesian Journal of Community Research and Engagement 3, no. 1 (March 19, 2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37680/amalee.v3i1.1304.
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The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of residents' personal concerns about improper plastic disposal and to give voice to their thoughts about the Toledo City Government's prospective ideas and approaches for minimizing the city's plastic pollution. Residents of Magdugo, Toledo City, Cebu, Philippines, have been subjected to increasing levels of plastic pollution. The vast number of discarded plastic items that eventually end up in canals, drainage systems, and city streets, generating flooding that poses a severe challenge in agriculture, health, and sanitation. According to the findings, the city's inefficient waste management system has resulted in a massive accumulation of durable plastics. Toledo City, on the other hand, has improved waste management, restored cleanliness, and minimized the environmental effect of plastics through regulatory initiatives. The majority of citizens in Toledo City have enthusiastically embraced the city's ordinance prohibiting the use of plastic bags. Plastic bag littering has been shown to decrease throughout the city, resulting in a cleaner and healthier environment. The city's achievement might serve as a model for other places that have yet to abolish plastic bags. As a result of a cleaner and healthier environment, people have become more productive, and tourists have returned to the city, contributing to the city's economic growth. Policy management in the reduction of plastic pollution.
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Khanal, Ashish. "Survey on usage of single use plastic bags in Nepal." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1057, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1057/1/012008.
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Abstract The rapid urbanization and economic growth have caused increase of plastic products globally. The least developed countries (LDCs) have been facing severe problems with solid waste due to lack of people’s awareness, lack of skilled manpower to handle waste and necessary equipment to manage in sustainable manner. Nepal, a LDC in South Asia, lacks source segregation leading the maximum plastic items reaching to the landfill site. It is even difficult for the planning authorities to make effective plans for sustainable management of plastic waste due to lack of waste generation data. Nepal has made many rules and directives to ban plastic bags till date but has failed in its implementation. This study is the first of its kind to capture the perception of youths towards single use bags in Nepal. This study was conducted among 569 Nepalese youths of age between 18-40 years. A closed ended self-administered questionnaire was distributed among the respondents and responses were collected for three weeks. The questionnaire was prepared using google form and distributed via Facebook. A snowball method was used where the respondents were asked to share the questionnaire in their network. It was found that majority of Nepalese youths have been practicing the source segregation at their houses. The use of single use plastic is very common in Nepal with an individual using at least 208 plastic bags in a year. The gender and source segregation of waste was statistically significant with p-value of 0.02 (<0.05). The main reason of using plastic bags was its easy availability. There is lack of alterative to the plastic bags in Nepal. However, the youths are ready to support the government plastic ban policy and have asked the alternatives to the plastic bags. The result has shown that the Nepalese people have negative perception towards single use plastics and are in search of alternatives. The government need to implement heavy penalty for producing plastic bags greater than 30 micron and deploy tax with shop keepers and customer if found using it.
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Baccar Chaabane, Amina, Esther Robbe, Gerald Schernewski, and Hendrik Schubert. "Decomposition Behavior of Biodegradable and Single-Use Tableware Items in the Warnow Estuary (Baltic Sea)." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 22, 2022): 2544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052544.
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Due to the increasing demand for alternative and supposedly more sustainable single-use tableware compared to conventional fossil-based plastic items, there now exists a broad variety of innovative new bio-based and biodegradable items. The aim of this research is to conduct a monitoring of the biodegradability of selected tableware items: polylactic acid (PLA), crystallized polylactic acid (CPLA), wood, palm leaf, paper/cellulose and sugar cane bagasse, as well as a common fossil-based plastic polystyrene (PS) as a comparative material in a water column, to determine their possible use as a substitute for single-use plastic flatware. In situ experiments were performed over a one-year period to consider changes in water temperature, salinity gradients, pH values and dissolved oxygen (DO). The main findings show that tableware items composed of palm leaf, sugar cane bagasse and paper are less resistant to estuary conditions. However, wood, PLA, CPLA and PS items showed a certain resistance during the experimentation period. Furthermore, items placed in the upper incubators degraded relatively faster than those of the same material but placed in the lower incubators. The results indicate that temperature and exposure to natural light could be an important factor in terms of accelerating the degradation of the materials considered.
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K.P, Hasna, and Muhammadali Jauhar. "A REVIEW ON PREVALENCEOF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC IN CURRENT LIFE." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 09 (September 30, 2022): 09–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/15315.
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Plastics have become an integral part of our lives. The problem of conventional plastics istaking decades to degrade in nature. Plastic waste is increasing every year and the precise time needed for biodegradation is unknown. Environmental awareness has driven the development of new biodegradable materials, especially for single use plastic items. Synthetic plastics provide a range of utilities in the civilization of mankind, at the same time the accumulation of these nonbiodegradable plastic in the environment is a menacing drawback increasing day by day. So thatthe management of plastic waste is a worldwide concern and also a substitute for plastic has become essential to us.
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Louro, Patrícia, and Carlos Antunes. "AWARENESS ACTIONS TO REDUCE SINGLE-USE PLASTICS FROM LAND, BASED SOURCES INTO RIVERS AND OCEANS, IN MINHO RIVER." ENVIRONMENTAL SMOKE, Special Issue (March 31, 2022): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32435/envsmoke/xibesymp.9.
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There is an imperative need to reduce disposable plastics and enhance the value of plastic waste. Stakeholders from the HORECA network and the general public participated in 11 awareness actions at Minho river, riverbanks, and at Caminha beach. The aim of these actions was to raise awareness about plastic reduction from land-based sources into the oceans, especially single-use plastics. Over 4.300 plastics were collected and organized in a TOP 5 of predominance: Fragments (< 2,5 cm); Cigarette butts; Fragments (> 2,5 cm); Cotton buds; Bio filters pieces. A digital pedagogical “Collection Litter 365” was created with photographs of waste removed from the aquatic environment and art works that used it as raw material for the artistic process. Simultaneously, 42 restaurants, cafes, hotels and accommodation establishments were surveyed and motivated to eliminate or minimize the use of disposable plastics and improve it's separation for recycling. Plastic water bottles (43%), plastic straws (40%) and plastic bags with handles (26%) were the most decreased items. Plastic separation for recycling reached 29%. Art works were exhibited in Minho river, at the Art Biennale of Cerveira and disseminated via digital communication. These actions were performed during LowPlast Project, promoted by Aquamuseu do rio Minho - Vila Nova de Cerveira Municipality, in partnership with the Portuguese Marine Litter Association, the Foundation Biennale of Art of Cerveira and the Interdisciplinary Art Institute - DTK, in Norway, and financed by EEA Grants. https://aquamuseu.cm-vncerveira.pt/pages/893.
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Jamaica Genon, Jessa Mabunay, James Opsima, Rochelle Zamora, Jay Repaso, and John Michael Villagorda Sasan. "Exploring The Alternative Solutions and Strategies of Toledo City Government for The Damaging Impact of Single-Use Plastic Bag in the Environment." International Journal of Education and Humanities 1, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.58557/ijeh.v1i4.39.
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The object of research: The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of residents' personal concerns about improper plastic disposal and to give voice to their thoughts about the Toledo City Government's prospective ideas and approaches for minimizing the city's plastic pollution.Investigated problem: Residents of Magdugo, Toledo City have been subjected to increasing levels of plastic pollution. The vast number of discarded plastic items that eventually end up in canals, drainage systems, and city streets, generating flooding that poses a severe challenge in agriculture, health, and sanitation. The main scientific results: According to the findings, the city's inefficient waste management system has resulted in a massive accumulation of durable plastics. Toledo City, on the other hand, has improved waste management, restored cleanliness, and minimized the environmental effect of plastics through regulatory initiatives. The area of practical use of the research results: The majority of citizens in Toledo City have enthusiastically embraced the city's ordinance prohibiting the use of plastic bags. Plastic bag littering has been shown to decrease throughout the city, resulting in a cleaner and healthier environment. The city's achievement might serve as a model for other places that have yet to abolish plastic bags. Innovative technological product: As a result of a cleaner and healthier environment, people have become more productive, and tourists have returned to the city, contributing to the city's economic growth. Scope of the innovative technological product: Policy management in the reduction of plastic pollution
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Genon, Jamaica, Jessa Mabunay, James Opsima, Rochelle Zamora, Jay Repaso, and John Michael Sasan. "Exploring the alternative solutions and strategies of toledo city government for the damaging impact of single-use plastic bag in the environment." ScienceRise, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2313-8416.2022.002148.
Full textAbstract:
The object of research: The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of residents' personal concerns about improper plastic disposal and to give voice to their thoughts about the Toledo City Government's prospective ideas and approaches for minimizing the city's plastic pollution.
Investigated problem: Residents of Magdugo, Toledo City have been subjected to increasing levels of plastic pollution. The vast number of discarded plastic items that eventually end up in canals, drainage systems, and city streets, generating flooding that poses a severe challenge in agriculture, health, and sanitation.
The main scientific results: According to the findings, the city's inefficient waste management system has resulted in a massive accumulation of durable plastics. Toledo City, on the other hand, has improved waste management, restored cleanliness, and minimized the environmental effect of plastics through regulatory initiatives.
The area of practical use of the research results: The majority of citizens in Toledo City have enthusiastically embraced the city's ordinance prohibiting the use of plastic bags. Plastic bag littering has been shown to decrease throughout the city, resulting in a cleaner and healthier environment. The city's achievement might serve as a model for other places that have yet to abolish plastic bags.
Innovative technological product: As a result of a cleaner and healthier environment, people have become more productive, and tourists have returned to the city, contributing to the city's economic growth.
Scope of the innovative technological product: Policy management in the reduction of plastic pollution
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Single-use plastic items"
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Do, Thi Kim Chi. "Plastic Waste Management and Policy in the Fast Food Industry in Vietnam." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/403642.
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The fast food industry (FFI) has been rapidly developing over the past few decades due to economic development and an increase in the "on the go" consumption culture. This industry consumes a considerable number of single-use items (SUIs), including single-use plastic items (SUPIs) and single-use paper items (SUPaIs), for the takeaway culture, which treats plastics as waste rather than a valuable resource. The frequent use of SUPIs leads to a significant amount of plastic waste ending up in the ocean. Within this context, Vietnam is one of the focus countries contributing considerably to plastic ocean (Akenji et al., 2019b). While regulations and policy interventions related to plastic packaging waste or SUPIs in the FFI have been limited, research into SUPIs in the FFI also has not been undertaken in Vietnam. This research aims to improve plastic waste management and the use and disposal of SUPIs in the FFI in Vietnam.
First, the research reviewed intervention policies on the management of SUPIs in selected regions (the EU, Singapore, India, Indonesia) to recommend policy measures to manage plastic waste in the FFI in Vietnam. Second, this research determined the components and weight of SUPIs consumed and disposed of in the FFI in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. The results show that six fast food companies (Lotteria, KFC, Jollibee, Popeyes, Texas Chicken, and McDonald's) in HCMC generated approximately six tons of waste per day. Among them, SUPIs presented from 1.1 t/d to 2.2 t/d and SUPaIs were around 1.4 t/d to 1.6 t/d. Third, the research also surveyed 273 customers and 77 managers on their Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) about the use and the disposal of SUPIs in the FFI in HCMC, with the results showing that the knowledge of customers and managers about the impacts of the use of SUPIs on the environment is positive but still limited.
The next step, the research examined key stakeholders' choices on the recommended policy measures for SUPIs in the FFI, which were implicated from the first, second, and third objectives of the thesis. This fourth objective of the thesis was carried out by interviewing 37 people in five stakeholder groups (customers, restaurant managers in FFI, plastic manufacturers, and policymakers). Finally, the research also calculated the impacts of the two recommended policy interventions, including ceasing the use of the identified unnecessary SUPIs in the six studied FFCs and standardising the weight of each type of SUPI in the FFI. Consequently, the study is optimistic that by adopting the policy recommendations, a substantial amount of plastic waste which is currently being generated by the FFI and released into the environment each year will be prevented.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Eng & Built Env
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Book chapters on the topic "Single-use plastic items"
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A. Glaser, John, Endalkachew Sahle-Demessie, and Te’ri L. Richardson. "Are Reliable and Emerging Technologies Available for Plastic Recycling in a Circular Economy?" In Waste Material Recycling in the Circular Economy - Challenges and Developments. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101350.
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A spectrum of plastics has been produced in the last 70 years, and plastic production has increased faster than any other manufactured material. Current recycling of all plastic materials is pegged at 10% or less. The social value that plastics enjoys is reflected in its myriad uses for engineered durability to single-use applications. Disposable or single-use plastic items have become a significant problem. Plastic debris has become ubiquitous to the landscape and aquatic resources, leading to human health, ecological concerns, and sustainability issues. Past disposal practices relied on waste plastic flows to certain countries for disposal, but these have been summarily curtailed, needing alternatives as productive and environmentally conscious recycling technology. Waste plastics can be repurposed using purification, decomposition, or conversion processes that are based on established and emerging mechanical and chemical technologies. Plastic recycling technologies, such as thermal, chemical, and biological depolymerization processes, including pyrolytic technologies using plastics-to-fuel strategies, are under development ranging from bench-scale demonstrations to full-scale implementation. The ideal of closed supply chain constraints offers optimal solutions to plastic recycling. Evaluation of new processes requires performance assessment to understand better how plastics recycling technologies contribute to the environment and the sustainable reuse of plastic materials.
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Elliott, Tim, Hannah Gillie, and Alice Thomson. "European Union's plastic strategy and an impact assessment of the proposed directive on tackling single-use plastics items." In Plastic Waste and Recycling, 601–33. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-817880-5.00024-4.
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Cnossen, Sijbren. "Excise Duties to Correct Market and Individual Failure." In Tax by Design for the Netherlands, 402–18. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192855244.003.0022.
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Selective taxes on goods and services (known as excise duties) should be designed so that they internalize the external and internal costs of abusive consumption or the use of potentially harmful products, in conjunction with targeted regulations. The current excise duty system in the Netherlands does not seem to meet this requirement, as shown by an analysis of the duties on tobacco, alcohol, gambling, soft drinks, fireworks, and plastics. Policies should be directed at minimizing abuse by people who (potentially) cause the greatest external and internal costs. Importantly, internal effects should be taken into consideration when assessing the regressive distribution of excise duties—not just who pays the tax. Specifically, it is recommended to replace the non-targeted excise duty on soft drinks with a specific excise duty on sugar, to prohibit plastic packaging and single-use items, and to promote an increase in the minimum duties on alcohol at the European level.
Reports on the topic "Single-use plastic items"
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Brooks, Amy, Jenna Jambeck, and Eliana Mozo-Reyes. Plastic Waste Management and Leakage in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002873.
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As of 2017, 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic had been produced worldwide. Since about 40% is used in things that are thrown away relatively quickly (packaging and single use items), 6.4 billion metric tons had already become discarded materials needing to be managed. Only 9% of these discarded materials were recycled globally. The annual estimate of plastic entering our oceans globally is 5 to 13 million metric tons (MMT) per year. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has an extensive populated coast, 119,000 km of coastline and over 205 million people living within 50 km of that coastline. Waste management infrastructure is still under development in many countries. Economic growth without fully developed infrastructure can lead to increased plastic leakage. This report focuses on municipal solid waste as a source of plastic input into the environment in LAC. The reports estimates that total plastic waste available to enter the ocean in LAC in 2020 was 3.7 MMT . Under business-as-usual projections, the report anticipates that the regional quantity available to enter the oceans in 2030 will be 4.1 MMT and 4.4 MMT in 2050.