Journal articles on the topic 'Singaporeans'
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1
Litman, Raviv. "Singaporean Societies: Multimedia Communities of Student Migration." Migration, Mobility, & Displacement 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd41201918968.
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As young Singaporeans are evaluating their obligations towards their parents at home, the state of Singapore is implementing policies to entrench long-term connection between overseas Singaporean students and their families by using nancial support to guide over- seas Singaporean student societies. These methods reach far beyond Singapore’s borders and involve a combination of online and of ine communities of practice that bring young overseas Singaporeans closer together by setting social boundaries across multiple media. Young Singaporeans learn about studying overseas through online communities, and Sin- gaporean societies seek to control that form of communication. In this paper, the author describes the worldwide state-funded and student-run Singaporean societies and how they seek to govern overseas students’ relationships with family at home using methods such as social media, nances, and parties. Drawing from ethnographic and online methods of inquiry over three months in 2015, this article explores how students experienced Singa- porean societies as a tool to access social and nancial resources, which set boundaries for them when reevaluating their responsibilities at home while they live abroad. The author looks at the critical language that is present in an online community of young Singaporeans and shows how Singaporean societies limit opportunities for criticism.
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Chan, Ying-kit. "Who, or What, is Lost: Singapore’s Impressions of Christmas Island, c. 1960–1990." MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities 25, no. 1 (June 9, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-24030009.
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Abstract Although Singapore no longer governs Christmas Island, either on behalf of its British colonial administrators or for itself, some Singaporeans continue to regard it as a lost territory and have false impressions that it once belonged and should again belong to Singapore. By examining this complexity related to Christmas Island and its possible implications for Singapore’s national psyche, this paper surveys the newspapers of Singapore and oral history records of Singaporean ministers and officials for accounts of Christmas Island. It suggests that Singaporean newspapers’ portrayal of Christmas Island as a neglected Australian overseas territory contributed to some Singaporeans’ perception that Christmas Island might actually be better off with Singapore; others even had a misconception of Christmas Island as a lost territory. Such opinions have never really dissipated because the government has never publicly clarified the transfer of Christmas Island and rejected claims about its “sale” to Australia.
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Ortmann, Stephan. "Singapore: The Politics of Inventing National Identity." Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 28, no. 4 (December 2009): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/186810340902800402.
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This study wants to shed new light on the politics of Singapore's national identity invention. Since independence in 1965, the Singaporean government has tried to generate a sense of national identity in Singapore. While at first, the priority was on pragmatic values to promote the economic development, this changed in the late 1980s when the government became concerned with the widespread materialism within the society. As an alternative, so-called Asian values sought to provide an ideological alternative and a new basis for a stronger national identity. At the same time, average Singaporeans have developed their own unique conceptions of the city-state's national identity, which sometimes contradict the official nation-building efforts and thus constitute a subtle form of opposition. Many Singaporeans demand greater participation in the negotiation of their Singaporean identity, which demonstrates the difficulty of constructing a sustainable authoritarian civic national identity.
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Hoon, Chng Huang. "“You see me no up”." Language Problems and Language Planning 27, no. 1 (February 25, 2003): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.27.1.04hoo.
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Singlish, Singapore’s brand of colloquial English, is accepted by some as an essential marker of Singaporean identity but deplored by others as a variety of English that puts Singapore and Singaporeans at a disadvantage because of its lack of international intelligibility. For this reason, it has been argued that Singaporeans cannot afford to maintain Singlish as a viable linguistic resource. A campaign known as the “Speak Good English Movement” was established in 2000 to counter the ill effects of Singlish through the promotion of Standard English. This paper addresses the Singlish-Standard (Singaporean) English debate in terms of discourse resources and the politics of language planning in Singapore. It may be true that Singlish is not the most internationally intelligible of Englishes, but what is more interesting is the considerable disparity between the official concern over international intelligibility and the reality of life in Singapore, especially for the Singlish speaker. Such a disparity suggests differing notions of what constitutes an important linguistic resource for the nation as a whole and for specific speech communities. On another level, it provides insights into the politics of language management in Singapore. The Singlish-Standard English debate also provides clear evidence of struggles over the determination of the choice of a preferred variety of English and the control over linguistic resources. Through an examination of media reports, official statements, and letters to local newspapers, the author considers the implications of this debate for Singaporeans (especially Singlish speakers) and their participation within the society. In the process, the author also examines the power relations that are intertwined in this debate for determining the ideal Singaporean society.
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Li, Lianghongchen. "The Role and Influence of Chinese Immigrants in Singapore in Diplomacy with China." Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 5 (April 1, 2024): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/egm36688.
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The relationship between Southeast Asian countries and China has always been an academic concern. Some scholars define it as the rational choice and wisdom of small countries to survive in the cracks of the struggle between big powers. As a predominantly Chinese country, the relationship between Singapore and China has always been the focus of discussion and research. This paper focuses on the characteristics of Singapore's Chinese predominance and analyzes the role of Singaporean Chinese in the changing relations between the two countries. This includes the influence of clan organizations and the Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry on Singapore-China relations. This paper finds that Chinese organizations have played a key role in cultural and political exchanges between the two countries. CSCCs and chambers of commerce have played an active role in the attitude of Chinese Singaporeans towards China. However, the attitudes and perceptions of Chinese Singaporeans are also affected by the social environment and political situation.
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Chong, Rachael Hui-Hui, and Ying-Ying Tan. "Attitudes toward accents of Mandarin in Singapore." Chinese Language and Discourse 4, no. 1 (August 2, 2013): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cld.4.1.04cho.
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Like many other countries, Singapore has seen some public tension fermenting over what is sometimes perceived as the government’s generous open-door immigration policy. Some Singaporeans appear to have taken to regarding themselves as rightful “natives” by distinguishing between local and foreign accents (see Jacobs 2012; Oon 2012). With a sizeable number of foreigners hailing from China, do Singaporeans have negative attitudes toward non-local Chinese accents because of these ‘anti-foreigner’ sentiments? This paper examines the language attitudes of Chinese Singaporeans towards speakers of Mandarin from three locales: Beijing, Taiwan and Singapore. It describes an attitudinal test using the verbal guise technique, comparing the attitudes of 100 Singaporean Chinese youths toward the Beijing, Taiwanese and Singaporean accents of Mandarin along the dimensions of prestige and solidarity. This study shows that there are distinct differences in the ways in which the three accents are perceived by Singaporeans. However, contrary to expectations, the foreign accents are not discriminated against, but are in fact ranked more favourably as compared to the local accent. Ultimately, functionality and economic goals of advancement seem to override other socio-cultural aims of the nation as Singaporeans focus on the prestige that the foreign Chinese accents can bring them.
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Ng, Ashton. "The divisiveness of Chinese identities in Singapore." International Communication of Chinese Culture 8, no. 4 (November 24, 2021): 465–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40636-021-00235-z.
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AbstractIn July 2019, the Jamestown Foundation, an American think tank, published a report accusing China of imposing a Chinese identity onto Singapore through propaganda and influence operations. In this article, I argue that the Jamestown report is factually inaccurate and is itself an influence operation aimed at engendering distrust towards China. The re-discovery of a Chinese cultural identity by some Chinese Singaporeans—from Lee Kuan Yew to Nathan Hartono—is fuelled not by China’s clandestine influence operations, but by an intrinsic desire to mend ruptures in one's cultural heritage. Historically, the Chinese in Singapore have discarded or re-adopted their Chinese cultural identities depending on the degree to which contact is kept with China. When contact with China diminishes, successive generations of Singapore Chinese inevitably cease to identify China as a cultural motherland. When contact with China resumes, the Chinese in Singapore have frequently become divided, split into those who culturally identify as Chinese and those who do not. Since the 1978 reform and opening-up of China, the restoration of contact between China and Singapore have led to a rekindling of interest amongst Chinese Singaporeans in their cultural identities. This rekindling yields three major consequences. Firstly, Chinese Singaporeans may become further divided in terms of their cultural identity, with de-Sinicised, monolingual English speakers on one extreme and re-Sinicised, cultural Chinese on the other. Secondly, successive generations of re-Sinicised Singaporeans may grow up imbibing China’s cultural exports, thereby becoming less distinct from their mainland Chinese counterparts. Thirdly, Singapore’s government will remain incentivised to continually emphasise the distinctness of the Chinese Singaporean identity from Chinese elsewhere.
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Lam, Magdalene. "The "Limited" Assistance of Foreign Jurisprudence: Lessons from India and the United States on Sexuality and Governance." Columbia Journal of Gender and Law 42, no. 2 (June 23, 2022): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.52214/cjgl.v42i2.9045.
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The most recent Singapore Supreme Court decision of Ong Ming Johnson v Public Prosecutor [2020] SGHC 63 follows a slew of unsuccessful constitutional challenges to Singapore’s anti-sodomy legislation, s377A of the Penal Code. Despite growing domestic activism, there is little hope that the provision will be repealed by a conservative Parliament. The onus is therefore on the Singaporean judiciary to abolish this archaic feature of Singapore’s colonial past, and this Note proposes new strategies for challenging s377A. The failure of past s377A challenges does not foreclose the possibility of future success, and Singaporeans may take cues from the successes of United States and Indian litigants in challenging their domestic anti-sodomy laws. This Note adopts a cross-jurisdictional analysis of anti-sodomy challenges and argues for enhanced constitutional protection of the LGBTQ+ community under Art. 9 (right to life and liberty) and Art. 12 (equal protection) of the Singaporean Constitution.
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Du, Junru. "The Trajectory of Chineseness in English Novels Written by Chinese Singaporeans in 1990s." International Journal of Social Sciences and Public Administration 3, no. 3 (July 21, 2024): 260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/ijsspa.v3n3.31.
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As a critical period of transition and transformation, the ten years in the 1990s had witnessed both the improvement of Sino-Singapore relationship and the rise of Singapore economy. However, the satisfaction of material propelled Chinese Singaporeans to pursue spiritual sustenance by discovering their ethnic and cultural root, which can be reckoned as “Chineseness”. With regard to the mixed nature of Chinese Singaporean reared in Western mode, this thesis intends to analyze the “Chineseness” of Chinese Singaporeans as a whole through a few English novels written by Chinese Singaporeans in the 1990s. The “Chineseness” which used to face desperationwas gaining momentum by virtue of the pride cause by the rise of China and the increasing communication between the two countries. In the meanwhile, the open-mindedness of new generation also help accustomed their Chinese Singaporeans’ Chineseness to the country they lived and thrived. Besides, this thesis would discuss the value of English novels created by Chinese Singaporeans as a tool for historical and cultural research on overseas Chinese.
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Teo, Peter, and Cui Ruiguo. "Imag(in)ing the Nation." Journal of Language and Politics 14, no. 5 (December 31, 2015): 645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.14.5.02teo.
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This article focuses on the discursive construction of national identity through a National Day Rally speech delivered by Singapore’s Prime Minister in 2010. Inspired by the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis and using methods developed by Halliday and van Leeuwen, it offers a close analysis of the speech, which uncovers patterns related to the type, extent and effects of various agentive roles attributed to the country, government and people of Singapore. Macro-discursive strategies like the use of specific references and real-life anecdotes calculated to reify the success of the Singapore ‘brand’ and inspire Singaporeans are also discussed. Through this multi-layered analysis, the article demonstrates how discourse transforms an imagining of Singapore’s nationhood into a concrete image of what Singapore is and what being a Singaporean is all about.
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Tan, Renée Hui Ling. "Uncovering a “Singaporean Way”: learning amidst diversity." Journal of Workplace Learning 26, no. 6/7 (September 8, 2014): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-10-2013-0091.
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Purpose – The paper aims to explore the possibility of advancing a Singaporean way of learning within the continuing education and training landscape in Singapore. Design/methodology/approach – Using the vehicle of a narrative interview and extending the boundaries of autoethnography, the paper uses personal reflection and interpretation to explore the issues of Singaporean identity amidst the diversity in the globalised Singapore of today. Findings – The paper uncovers the growing latent discomfort of Singaporeans as they navigate historical legacies of Colonialism and question what it means to be schooled in Western systems whilst being Asian. With the supplanting of Asian languages and the seeming superiority and dominance of Western talent, systems and knowledge, Singaporeans are looking to express a greater sense of what being Singaporean could mean. Social implications – Upon manoeuvring and exposing the invisible, the paper concludes that there is an impetus to forge a “Singaporean way”, although how this would manifest itself is, as yet, unknown. Originality/value – Although Singapore has a very visible presence globally for its economic achievements, the paper allows for an often under-represented voice of a native Singaporean to be heard. The liberties taken here with the narrative inquiry mode also allow space for a deeper exploration of identity, pride and conflict in a Singaporean today.
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Cavallaro, Francesco, Mark Fifer Seilhamer, Ho Yen Yee, and Ng Bee Chin. "Attitudes to Mandarin Chinese varieties in Singapore." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 28, no. 2 (August 10, 2018): 195–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.00010.cav.
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Abstract This study aims to shed light on the attitudes of Chinese Singaporeans and Chinese nationals residing in Singapore to varieties of Mandarin Chinese. 64 Singaporean Chinese and Chinese national participants took matched and verbal-guise tests, evaluating recorded speakers of two varieties of Singapore Mandarin (standard and colloquial) and the variety spoken in the PRC on status and solidarity traits. These evaluations were followed by optional questionnaire items intended to probe for additional more insights into the participants’ attitudes and perceptions of one another. Both Singaporean Chinese and Chinese national participants assigned higher status to the PRC’s variety of Mandarin. Attitudes toward the two varieties of Singapore Mandarin, however, varied, with Singaporeans rating the standard variety higher than the colloquial variety on all traits and Chinese nationals favouring the colloquial variety. Interestingly, for all three varieties of Mandarin, solidarity traits were rated higher than status traits by all participants, suggesting that, in Singapore, Mandarin Chinese is now viewed more as a language of solidarity than status.
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Tien, Adrian. "Offensive language and sociocultural homogeneity in Singapore." International Journal of Language and Culture 2, no. 2 (December 7, 2015): 142–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijolc.2.2.01tie.
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Offensive language use in Singapore’s languacultures appears to be underpinned by cultural norms and values embraced by most if not all Singaporeans. Interviews with local informants and perusal of Singapore’s linguistic and cultural resources led to the identification of eight offensive words and phrases deemed representative of Singaporean coarseness. This set was narrowed down to a smaller set of common words and phrases, all Chinese Hokkien, all culturally laden. The finding that, although originally Hokkien, all of them are accessible not only to the Chinese-speaking population but also to speakers of Singapore Malay, Singapore Tamil, and Singapore English is compelling. The words and phrases studied in this paper are full-fledged members of the lexicon of these local non-Chinese languages, without loss or distortion of meaning. They are accepted as part of the local linguistic scene and of local cultural knowledge. At least in certain situations, people of different ethnic backgrounds who live and work together can rely on them as a testament of common identity which, in a curious way, gives voice to the sociocultural homogeneity this society unrelentingly pursues.
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Cheng, Chi-Ying, and Ying-Yi Hong. "Kiasu and Creativity in Singapore: An Empirical Test of the Situated Dynamics Framework." Management and Organization Review 13, no. 4 (November 23, 2017): 871–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mor.2017.41.
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ABSTRACTThis article investigates how Singaporeans’ creativity is influenced byKiasu, an indigenous construct corresponding to fear of losing out. We examine the impact of Kiasu on creativity, both as a personal value and a shared cultural norm in four studies. Study 1 showed that Singaporeans’ Kiasu value endorsement predicts lower individual creativity. Study 2 demonstrated that this negative relationship is mediated by a self-regulatory focus on prevention. Study 3 further showed the impact of Kiasu as a personal value and a cultural norm by finding a significant three-way interaction effect of Kiasu prime, personal Kiasu value endorsement, and need for cognitive closure on participants’ creativity. Study 4 addressed the Singaporean paradox and found that Singaporeans exhibit higher creativity when primed with their multi-ethnic culture than under control conditions. However, those who associated Singapore with Kiasu lost this advantage. These findings support the situated dynamics framework of cultural influence on behavior such that values, norms, and situational cues play a role in producing a cultural pattern of creative performance. This research also has implications for how to incubate creative performance in Asian countries.
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Mano, Pavan. "Disarming as a tactic of resistance in Pink Dot." Pink Dot 10, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 129–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.20008.man.
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Abstract Pink Dot is an annual rally in support of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) people in Singapore. In a country where many prefer to avoid overt displays of dissent, Pink Dot has gained significant popular support. In this article, I explore how it has done so. Through a close multimodal analysis focusing on the use of colour, layout, and typography in a Pink Dot 2017 flyer, I demonstrate how these features work together in the Singaporean context to realize meanings of positivity, warmth, and inclusivity whilst simultaneously de-emphasizing notions of claiming rights. I argue Pink Dot discursively attenuates the potentially discordant elements of its message and marshals this apparent neutrality to gather support for its ostensibly depoliticized message – a process that I term disarming. It is an assimilationist strategy deliberately made for Singapore’s particular sociopolitical context and it has proven effective in securing mass popular support amongst Singaporeans.
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An, Wenzhao. "The Linguistic Features of Translanguaging Interactions in Singapore: A Discourse Analysis Perspective." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 8, no. 3 (September 2022): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2022.8.3.338.
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Translanguaging has been researched as a heated topic about multilingual discourse studies. However, there were few studies observing from the perspective of translanguaging among Chinese Singaporeans in routine conversations, which is a research gap. Accordingly, this paper aims to examine the nature and discuss the influencing factors of translanguaging among Chinese-English bilinguals in Singapore with the use of discourse analysis as a research method. Major findings were: 1) some Chinese-English bilinguals were more efficient in English than others; 2) Singapore's localized and multilingual use of English have resulted in Colloquial Singapore English or Singlish; 3) influencing factors of translanguaging shown in the clips include students’ inadequate training for learning English as a second language, teachers’ time constraints, and teachers’ limited resources to incorporate support strategies for students, which were restricted by schools. Nonetheless, the contribution of this study is to explore the nature of translanguaging of Chinese-English Bilinguals, especially in the Singapore context, which will provide further implications for Singaporean English discourse studies.
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Rahajeng Mintarsih, Adriana. "Voice of Singapore’s Invisible Hands: Indonesian Migrant Domestic Workers and Poems on Home and Family." Migration, Mobility, & Displacement 4, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.18357/mmd41201918975.
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Yoga Prasetyo, the son of an Indonesian migrant domestic worker (MDW) in Singapore, founded Voice of Singapore’s Invisible Hands (or The Voice) in late 2016. A nonproft organisation that aims to challenge the negative discourses about MDWs, especially among Singaporeans, The Voice uses Facebook to promote its members’ literary work and achievements, as well as to share stories to inspire migrant workers.
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Daulay, Resneri. "CONSUMERISM OF LEISURE CLASS IN SINGAPORE IN KEVIN KWAN’S CRAZY RICH ASIANS: A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 5, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v5i1.101.
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This research entitled “Consumerism of Leisure Class in Singapore in Kevin Kwan’s Crazy Rich Asians: A Sociological Approach”. The purpose of this study is to analyze the leisure class reflected in Singapore in the novel Crazy Rich Asians. In addition, the aim of this research is to reveal the consumerism of leisure class in Crazy Rich Asians. This novel contained the aspect about the style of consumer in Singapore.
This study used the mimetic approach by M.H. Abrams. The research used qualitative method to analyze the data. This study is used two main concepts of theory of leisure class by Thorstein Veblen, these are conspicuous leisure and conspicuous consumption. The research applied the data of Singaporeans leisure class in the book Understanding Singaporeans: Values, Lifestyle, Aspirations and Consumption Behaviours by Keng et al. This study also applied the concept of uniquely Singaporean mindset in the book entitled The Cult of the Luxury Brand: Inside Asia’s Love affair with Luxury by Chadha and Paul as a tool to analyze the consumerism of leisure class in the novel Crazy Rich Asians.
In this study, the researcher found two main results. First, this study indicated conspicuous leisure as a signal of leisure class in Crazy Rich Asians based on seven leisure activities of Singaporean. They are sports, social, self-improvement, various charity, travel, home, and other activities. Second, the study discover the consumerism of leisure class in the novel Crazy Rich Asians and uniquely Singaporean mindset as a main result of consumerism of leisure class in Singapore reflected in the novel Crazy Rich Asians.
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Ho, Hannah M. Y., and Debbie Ho. "Identity in Flux: The Sarong Party Girl’s Pursuit of a “Good Lifeâ€." Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature 13, no. 2 (January 13, 2020): 146–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/asiatic.v13i2.1674.
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This paper examines the identity of young Singaporean Chinese women, branded as “sarong party girls,†as part of the state government’s moral crisis debate. Through an interdisciplinary lens, it combines the study of their literary representation with a linguistic analysis of Singlish, a local variety of Eglish spoken by most Singaporeans in informal domains. By discussing the main protagonist in Cheryl Lu- Lien Tan’s novel <i>Sarong Party Girls</i> (2016) in this perspective, the authors argue that the identity crisis she experiences within herself is symptomatic of a wider conflict between Eastern and Western values that Singaporeans have not reconciled. While the Singaporean government enthuses over promoting Asian or shared values, its citizens continue to embrace Western influences that the former would rather eradicate. Therefore, Singapore’s state production of a national discourse of questionable morality of those not espousing moral Eastern standards accentuates citizens’ conflicted identity. By illuminating the social-cultural conditions giving rise to, and, in turn, informed by the subject of women as problematic for the state, the authors frame the dilemma faced by the sexually autonomous woman with aspirations to marry a white and Western man as her identity in flux, signalled by her deviant behaviour, use of Singlish and material goals.
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Pak, Vincent, and Mie Hiramoto. "For family, for friends, for (true) love." Pink Dot 10, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.20009.hir.
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Abstract We examine promotional materials produced by two organisations in Singapore, TrueLove.Is and Pink Dot, to investigate how these two groups employ discourses of love to support their opposing views regarding the reconcilability of Christianity and same-sex desire. TrueLove.Is is a Christian ministry that encourages LGB Christian Singaporeans to “come out, come home”, while Pink Dot is Singapore’s largest and foremost LGBTQ movement. We identify similarities and differences in their persuasive discourse strategies regarding ideas of love as discussed by lesbian Christian pastors. Although they position the idea of love similarly, their agendas are completely polarised. TrueLove.Is takes the position that non-heteronormative activity is ungodly and sinful, while Pink Dot offers a reconciliation between Christianity and same-sex desire. We employ Peterson’s (2016) approach to homophobic discourse analysis based on Systemic Functional Linguistics and a comparative discourse analysis to investigate the ideologies that inform the two organisations’ materials about the treatment of LGBTQ Singaporeans.
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CHEO, ROLAND. "RISKY CHOICES IN A RISK-TAKING EXPERIMENT: ARE SINGAPOREANS DIFFERENT FROM THE REST OF THE WORLD?" Singapore Economic Review 58, no. 03 (September 2013): 1350015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021759081350015x.
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This paper introduces a rich experimental environment which allows one to control for possible status quo effects as well as the "anticipatory fear of loss" inherent in gambles by framing scenarios in terms of gains and losses. A total of 162 undergraduates — Africans, Caucasians, Singaporeans and Chinese — are recruited for this study. From the risk choices that students take, we can see how Singaporeans differ from their counterparts elsewhere. The results show that Singaporeans are less risk averse than African or Caucasian exchange students. In terms of risk seeking behavior, when using Caucasians as a reference group, Singaporeans and Chinese undergraduates are also relatively more risk seeking as well. The majority of the players are risk neutral in this experiment. Singaporeans, like the Caucasians and Chinese in the sample, are all more likely to favor risk neutral strategies if their default gamble is one with higher expected payoffs.
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Ngerng, Roy. "How the Milk Tea Alliance Inspired Singapore, and Why We Need to Let Youths Take the Lead." Protest 1, no. 1 (November 17, 2021): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667372x-01010008.
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Abstract I am a Singaporean activist currently living in Taiwan. In 2014, I was sued by the Singapore prime minister Lee Hsien Loong over a blog post I wrote revealing how the Singapore government was investing the retirement funds of Singaporeans without being completely transparent to them. I was fired from my job on this pretext, and was later charged by the government for protesting over the same advocacy issue. In 2016, after supporting an opposition politician during a by-election, the police searched my home and took away my laptops and storage devices.
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Azman, Muhammad Zulhaziq Bin, Katherin S. Huang, Wei Jun Koh, Sarah S. Leong, Benjamin Ong, Johanna L. Soon, Sherman W. Tan, Melissa Y. Chan, Mingxing Yang, and Meredith T. Yeung. "Normative reference values, determinants and regression equations for the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in healthy Asian population aged 21 to 80 years." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (September 5, 2023): e0291132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291132.
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Background The validated Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) is widely used for evaluating maximal exercise capacity, with the distance-walked (IWSD) as the primary outcome. However, there are no normative reference values (NRV) and reference equations to predict ISWD for the Singaporean population. Objectives This study aims to establish the NRV and reference equations for ISWD in healthy Singaporeans aged 21 to 80 and investigate the determining variables during ISWT. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited community-dwelling healthy subjects aged 21–80 from the community via convenience sampling. Each subject completed two trials of the ISWT according to the standard protocol. Variables measured during the trials included ISWD, pre-and post-test heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, blood pressure (BP), modified Borg’s dyspnoea score and Borg’s rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Results 199 healthy Singaporean (females = 114, males = 85) participated in the study. The overall median ISWD was 660.0 metres (m) [interquartile range (IQR):440.0–850.0]. The age-stratified mean ISWD ranged from 430.0 m (IQR:350.0–450.0) (aged 60–80) to 480.0 m (IQR:438.0–650.0) (aged 40–59) to 780.0 m (IQR:670.0–960.0) (aged 21–39). Gender, age, weight, height and HR change (highest post-test HR minus pre-test HR) were the most significant variables (p < 0.001). IWSD (m) = 651.4(Height, m) +89.7(Gender, male = 1; female = 0) –6.31(Age, years) –3.61(Weight, kilograms) +2.54(HR change, beats per minute); R2 = 0.741. Previously published ISWT reference equations cannot accurately predict the ISWD in the Singaporean population. Conclusions This study investigated the ISWD NRV and established reference equations for healthy Singaporeans aged 21–80. The information would be beneficial in setting performance benchmarks to guide physical assessment, intervention and rehabilitation.
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Lim, Travis, Chan-Hoong Leong, and Farzaana Suliman. "Managing Singapore’s residential diversity through Ethnic Integration Policy." Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 39, no. 2 (September 10, 2019): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/edi-05-2019-0168.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore Singaporeans’ view to a multicultural neighbourhood, specifically, their views on the Ethnic Integration Policy (EIP), a housing policy that promotes residential desegregation, and whether this policy has engendered a positive perspective to residential diversity. Design/methodology/approach A grounded theory approach is used to answer the following research questions: how do Singaporeans feel about residential diversity? Does the EIP influence attitudes to residential segregation in Singapore? What do these attitudes mean for governments and policymakers around the world? The research involved focus group discussions with 27 Housing and Development Board real estate agents, in order to tap onto their vast network of clients and better understand the prevailing sentiments on the ground. Findings The two major considerations when Singaporeans choose a flat are its price and location. Within the confines of these two factors, however, other considerations like race, nationality and the socio-economic makeup of a neighbourhood will influence their decisions. Social implications These considerations can be condensed into the factors of constrained choice and voluntary segregation. By limiting the impact of voluntary segregation, the EIP can be credited with bridging the racial divide. However, with constrained choice being unaddressed by the policy, the emerging formation of a class divide is an unintended consequence. Originality/value Because almost all developed economies are culturally plural, understanding Singapore’s approach to residential desegregation offers insights as to how other countries may learn from the Singapore experience in managing and encouraging multiculturalism, especially since ethnic residential concentration can reduce the formation of strong social relationships.
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Patinadan, Paul Victor, Geraldine Tan-Ho, Ping Ying Choo, Casuarine Xinyi Low, and Andy Hau Yan Ho. "‘Food for Life and Palliation (FLiP)’: a qualitative study for understanding and empowering dignity and identity for terminally ill patients in Asia." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e038914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038914.
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ObjectivesWith ‘eating’ posited as Singapore’s domestic pastime, food experiences for Singaporeans constitute national, social, ethnic and personal identities. However, though they form significant parts of Singaporean existence across the lifespan, studies and observations about food experiences for individuals at the end of life remain noticeably absent. Extant literature continues to focus on nutritional practice during illness and the active dying process, forgoing the rich lived experiences of food in the lives of patients and their families. The current work sought to qualitatively extricate through a constructivist phenomenological approach, the ‘food voices’ of Singaporean palliative care patients and their families. It also simultaneously aimed to assess the role of food in bolstering their subjective feelings of dignity and identity, while also considering resultant clinical implications.SettingHomes of patients within the Singaporean palliative care setting.ParticipantsA subset of qualitative data (n=25) in the form of dyadic interviews with terminally ill patients and a family caregiver was generated from a larger family dignity intervention study that explored the experience of living and dying among Asian palliative care patients and their families.ResultsFramework analysis with both inductive and deductive approaches informed by the a priori domain of food resulted in the generation of four major themes, each with three subthemes. These were organised into the Food for Life and Palliation model. They include: (1) feeding identity and familial bonds, (2) liminal subsistence in illness transition, (3) food becoming lineage, and (4) compassionate nourishment.ConclusionsClinical implications are considered; including food-focused interventions that enhance dignity, promote meaning-making and facilitate legacy construction. Developmental suggestions are also directed at industry partners producing end-of-life nutrition products.
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Nanakdewa, Kevin, Shilpa Madan, Krishna Savani, and Hazel Rose Markus. "The salience of choice fuels independence: Implications for self-perception, cognition, and behavior." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 30 (July 23, 2021): e2021727118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021727118.
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More than ever before, people across the world are exposed to ideas of choice and have opportunities to make choices. What are the consequences of this rapidly expanding exposure to the ideas and practice of choice? The current research investigated an unexamined and potentially powerful consequence of this salience of choice: an awareness and experience of independence. Four studies (n = 1,288) across three cultural contexts known to differ in both the salience of choice and the cultural emphasis on independence (the United States, Singapore, and India) provided converging evidence of a link between the salience of choice and independence. Singaporean students who recalled choices rather than actions represented themselves as larger than their peers (study 1). Conceptually replicating this finding, study 2 found that Americans who recalled choices rather than actions rated themselves as physically stronger. In a word/nonword lexical decision task (study 3), Singaporean students who recalled choices rather than actions were quicker at identifying independence-related words, but not neutral or interdependence-related words. Americans, Singaporeans, and Indians all indicated that when working in an organization that emphasized choice, they would be more likely to express their opinions. Similarly, Americans, Singaporeans, and Indians reported a preference for working in such an organization (studies 4a and 4b). The findings suggest that the salience of personal choice may drive an awareness and experience of independence even in contexts where, unlike in the United States, independence has not been the predominant ethos. Choice may be an unmarked and proximate mechanism of cultural change and growing global individualism.
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Helmiati, Helmiati. "Muslim Religiosity in a Challenging Secular State of Singapore." QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 9, no. 2 (December 26, 2021): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v9i2.8026.
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<p>This article aims to examine the religiosity of Muslim minority living in a Singapore secular state. This survey research draws on Stark and Glock‘s model of multidimensional religiosity while accommodating specific characteristics of Islamic piety in framing the religiosity. From 482 Singaporean Muslims participated in this survey, this study found that the majority of Singaporean Muslims are quite religious. The finding indicates that religion is a core of their identity and a significant component of their life in spite of living in a secular state. This study argues that Muslim’s religious commitment can coexist within a secular framework due to Singapore secularism’s unique nature. Similarly, it also asserts that Singaporean Muslims negotiate a prudent balance between their civil responsibilities as Singaporeans and their religious obligations as Muslims. This study implies that secularism is multifaceted in relation to different cultural, political milieus, and different religions. Thus, secularism should not always be crudely viewed as categorical resistance against religion.</p>
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St. André, James. "Revealing the invisible." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 18, no. 1 (December 5, 2006): 139–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.18.1.08sta.
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Despite official disapproval, playwrights and their translators in Singapore use heterolingualism to establish a Singaporean identity. Kuo Pao Kun’s work shows us the “little man” and demonstrates that English is the language of power. Quah Sy Ren’s work explores the plight of the local Chinese-speaker, suggesting that Chinese-Singaporeans are more firmly anchored in their cultural identity. In Alfian Sa’at’s work the single heterolingual speaker is splintered into a variety of roles shaped by age, ethnicity, and gender, with heterolingualism being a mark of intergenerational and interracial tension. These three plays offer three solutions to the problem of forging a Singaporean identity: one based on Singlish, one based on Chinese, and one based on multilingualism and translation. They destabilize the notion of independent and self-sufficient languages, thereby challenging the notion of equivalence in translation.
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Malhotra, Rahul, Sumithra Suppiah, and Yi Wen Tan. "CHALLENGES FACED BY OLDER PERSONS IN USING PRESCRIPTION MEDICATION LABELS: WHAT NEEDS TO CHANGE?" Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S709—S710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2606.
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Abstract In Singapore, while many older people cannot read English, prescription medication labels (PMLs) are predominantly dispensed in English. This qualitative study documented the challenges faced and solutions employed by users (i.e. older Singaporeans) and dispensers (i.e. pharmacy staff) of PMLs. In total, 30 in-depth interviews were conducted; 20 were equally divided between older Singaporeans (≥60 years) who could read English and those with limited/no English reading ability, and 10 were conducted with pharmacy staff across 6 polyclinics. The audio-taped interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. The interviews with older Singaporeans and pharmacy staff revealed similar challenges in using PMLs. The first challenge related to reading and understanding PMLs by older people, mainly due to their limited English proficiency (LEP) or illiteracy. Consequently, older Singaporeans often relied on family members, domestic workers or pharmacy staff to help them interpret PMLs. Specifically, to address LEP, pharmacy staff reported translating PML instructions verbally and also handwriting them on PMLs. For illiterate patients, pharmacy staff reported drawing illustrations on PMLs to communicate key medication information. The second challenge related to PML readability, due to small font size. To address this, pharmacy staff routinely re-wrote medication information on PMLs in larger handwriting. Such improvised solutions by pharmacy staff to address the challenges faced by older Singaporeans in using PMLs indicate a pressing need for system-level improvements to PMLs. Improvements such as standardised and legible bilingual medication instructions and/or pictograms would appreciably facilitate medication counselling and allow for better understanding of PMLs by older Singaporeans.
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GUBHAJU, BINA, TRULS ØSTBYE, and ANGELIQUE CHAN. "Living arrangements of community-dwelling older Singaporeans: predictors and consequences." Ageing and Society 38, no. 6 (February 9, 2017): 1174–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16001495.
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ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine predictors and consequences of living arrangements among community-dwelling older Singaporeans. We take a holistic approach and consider a range of social and economic as well as emotional and physical wellbeing indicators. Two waves (2009, 2011) of the Panel on Health and Ageing of Singaporean Elderly (PHASE) are analysed to (a) provide an overview of living arrangements in 2009 and assess the extent to which living arrangements change by 2011; (b) examine the predictors of living arrangements in 2009; and (c) examine the consequences of living arrangements over a two-year period. The majority (88%) of older Singaporeans co-reside with either their spouse and/or children. A small yet growing proportion live with others (5%) or live alone (6%). Very little change in living arrangements is observed over the two years. Our results show that women, the oldest-old and older adults with fewer children are more likely to live alone. Older adults who live alone are not particularly disadvantaged compared to those who live with their spouse and children or spouse only in their social and economic wellbeing. It is, in fact, older adults who live with their children that are disadvantaged in many aspects of social, economic and mental wellbeing. Measures to engage older adults living with their families (along with those living alone and with others) in broader social activities are imperative.
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Toh (陶琳琳), Audrey Lin Lin, and Hong Liu (刘宏). "Language Ideologies, Chinese Identities and Imagined Futures." Journal of Chinese Overseas 17, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341432.
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Abstract Since independence in 1965, the Singapore government has established a strongly mandated education policy with an English-first and official mother tongue Mandarin-second bilingualism. A majority of local-born Chinese have inclined toward a Western rather than Chinese identity, with some scholars regarding English as Singapore’s “new mother tongue.” Other research has found a more local identity built on Singlish, a localized form of English which adopts expressions from the ethnic mother tongues. However, a re-emergent China and new waves of mainland migrants over the past two decades seem to have strengthened Chinese language ideologies in the nation’s linguistic space. This article revisits the intriguing relationships between language and identity through a case study of Chineseness among young ethnic Chinese Singaporeans. Guided by a theory of identity and investment and founded on survey data, it investigates the Chinese language ideologies of university students and their agency in choosing for themselves a Chinese imagined identity and community. Our survey found that ethnic Chinese Singaporean university students still possess a strong affinity for Mandarin and a desire to develop this aspect of their identity, in the context of Singapore’s multiracial national identity. There exists a high propensity for imagined futures in Chineseness, with a majority of survey respondents who claimed English-speaking and bilingual identities also expressing the desire to become more bilingual and more Mandarin-speaking. This paper also deciphers the external and internal factors contributing to this development and suggests some areas of future research.
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Rerceretnam, Marc. "The 1987 ISA Arrests and International Civil Society: Responses to Political Repression in Singapore." Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 23, no. 1 (March 10, 2006): 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v23i1.690.
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The penalizing of prominent opposition figures via the Singaporean legal system has made many weary of confronting the ruling People's Action Party (PAP) government on their own turf. Unwilling to take up this challenge, some Singaporeans appear more willing to push for change overseas – beyond the clutches of the PAP government. This article will trace the development of political dissent from abroad and how such actions played a formidable role during the so-called 'Marxist' conspiracy arrests in 1987 and how such alternative political viewpoints will continue to play a large role in shaping criticism and opposition to the present repressive political climate in Singapore.
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Vasu, Norman, and Damien D. Cheong. "Immigration and the National Narrative: Rethinking Corporatism in Singapore." Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 31, no. 1 (May 21, 2014): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v31i1.4321.
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This article argues that the corporatist narrative of governance in Singapore is losing narrative rationality due primarily to large-scale immigration to Singapore. The real or perceived threat from such immigrants has galvanized Singaporeans
from different ethnic groups such that a strong Singaporean identity has emerged. As a result, the once strict artificial differences required for the corporatist narrative to be believable, that is, its narrative rationality, are being gradually eroded. The People's Action Party (PAP) will have to either repair the narrative rationality of corporatism or develop an alternative one that is more relevant in order to continue its narrative dominance of the political space in Singapore.
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Tanzer, Norbert K. "Cross-Cultural Bias in Likert-Type Inventories: Perfect Matching Factor Structures and Still Biased?" European Journal of Psychological Assessment 11, no. 3 (September 1995): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.11.3.194.
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The academic self-concept, measured by the Reading self-concept scale and the Math self-concept scale of the “Self-Description-Questionnaire I” (SDQ-I; Marsh, 1988 ), of Singaporean Chinese sixth-graders (600 boys and 600 girls) was compared to those of a sample of 1200 Australian students of the same age and gender composition drawn from the SDQ-I calibration sample. As the Singaporeans were fluent in English, the original English scale was used so as to avoid possible translation bias. Each scale consists of four interest items, two competence items, and two task-easiness items. Subjects answered all items on a five-point rating scale ranging from “false” to “true.” Although the factor structure of the Singaporean Chinese resembled closely those of their Australian counterparts, substantial cross-cultural bias emerged between interest items and competence/easiness items when treated as a single scale. This is because Singaporean students as compared to the Australians were more reluctant to agree to items with self-praise connotation. In addition, cross-cultural differences were found in the psychological meaning of the rating categories.
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Lin, Hui, and Brendan Luyt. "The National Library of Singapore: creating a sense of community." Journal of Documentation 70, no. 4 (July 8, 2014): 658–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-11-2012-0148.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of the National Library of Singapore in the life of Singaporeans. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses historical research. McMillan and Chavis’ theory of sense of community is adopted as the analytical framework to delineate the role of the National Library of Singapore. Findings – The paper finds that the National Library of Singapore plays an important role in fostering a sense of community among Singaporeans. The transformation of the library to a truly public institution in 1950s effectively enlarged its boundaries. Upon joining the community of the library, local Singaporeans underwent a bidirectional process of influencing and being influenced. The library made strenuous efforts to meet the needs of Singaporeans in myriad ways, resulting in reinforcement of the sense of community among Singaporeans. A shared emotional connection in the community was engendered as a result of the frequent contact and high-quality interaction. Originality/value – While being influenced by various social and cultural frameworks under which it operates, the library actively takes part in and influences the society. The study of the library in the life of the users via the lens of sense of community provides a perspective to further understand the potential and power of libraries and how libraries can positively contribute to the society at large.
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Yu, Jin, Zhirong Yan, and Jianwu Hu. "Forging National Identity: Journey from Economic Struggles to Cultural Harmony." World Journal of Education and Humanities 6, no. 3 (July 1, 2024): p163. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjeh.v6n3p163.
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After gaining independence from colonial rule, faced a complex domestic situation. To avoid religious and cultural conflicts among its diverse ethnic groups, the government adopted a multicultural governance approach for multi-ethnic management, supplemented by a supranational identity governance strategy, which maintained social harmony and stability. In this process, the political system ensured a basic balance of power among ethnic groups, a pragmatic economic development model met the survival needs of various ethnicities, and a liberal cultural environment preserved the historical heritage of each group. However, harmonious Singapore still falls short of becoming a true nation-state. To achieve the goal of nation-building, the Singaporean government has begun to emphasize cultural identity and seeks to foster a sense of being "Singaporean." With English as the lingua franca, Singaporeans can communicate in a common language, the preservation of historical buildings retains a shared cultural memory, and efforts to promote "shared values" are gradually fostering national identity among citizens.
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Christensen, Søren. "Higher education and entrepreneurial citizenship in Singapore." Learning and Teaching 5, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/latiss.2012.050303.
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Focusing on Singapore's 'Global Schoolhouse' project, this article discusses how efforts to transform Singapore into a 'world class' knowledge economy entail changes to the status of citizenship in Singapore. The project of wooing top foreign universities to Singapore is permeated with an entrepreneurial ideal of Singapore as the 'Boston of the East'. Since Singaporeans tend to be viewed by the Singapore government as particularly risk averse compared to Westerners and other Asians, the government has increasingly relied on 'foreign talent' to provide entrepreneurial dynamism to Singapore. The expansion of high-quality university education in Singapore serves as a vehicle of this 'foreign talent' policy as much as it accommodates the needs of local students for higher education. The ensuing questions about citizenship in Singapore's knowledge economy are finally discussed in terms of a differentiated 'entrepreneurial citizenship'.
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Bakar, Nur Salwani. "Pharmacogenetics of common SNP affecting drug metabolizing enzymes: comparison of allele frequencies between European and Malaysian/Singaporean." Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy 36, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2020-0153.
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Abstract Compared to Europe, data on genetic variation in genes transcribing drug metabolizing enzymes among Asian is limited due to ethnic diversity. Here we compare frequencies for clinically relevant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) commonly observed in drug metabolizing enzymes between European and Malaysian/Singaporean. Minor allele frequencies (MAF) for the indicated SNPs for European, South Asian and East Asian populations were obtained from the NCBI website (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/snp). The SNP prevalence among Malaysian/Singaporean was characterized from gene association studies. Generally, some SNPs in CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 do not show good agreement between the two populations as to the MAF value obtained. CYP2D6*4 tends to be more common among European, whereas CYP2D6*10 is more common in Malays and Chinese among Singaporean. Regardless of different phenotype, MAF of CYP2D6*4 for Indians is similar to that seen by the European. Singaporeans show smaller MAF for CYP2C19*17 but higher CYP2C19*2 frequencies as opposed to European ones. Following growing attention to the contribution of CYP3A4/5, N-acetyltransferases (NAT2), thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGT)2B7 in predicting drug response across Europe, there are limited pharmacogenetics (PGx) studies examining the gene-drug interaction among Malaysian/Singaporean. To better understand the heterogeneity of the drug response, PGx studies for the abovementioned enzymes between ethnics in Malaysian/Singaporean should be identified.
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Boh Peng, Chia, and Adam Brown. "Singaporeans' reactions to Estuary English." English Today 18, no. 2 (April 2002): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078402002055.
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A consideration of whether EE could conceivably be an alternative to RP as a teaching model.Since David Rosewarne first coined the term in 1984, much has been written about Estuary English (EE). The definition usually given of Estuary English is that if we can imagine a continuum with Received Pronunciation (RP) at one end and Cockney (an urban accent of London) at the other, then Estuary English is in the middle. This definition is restated by Wells (1998-9) as ‘Standard English spoken with the accent of the southeast of England. This highlights two chief points: that it is standard (unlike Cockney) and that it is localized in the southeast (unlike RP)’. The book English Language for Beginners (Lowe & Graham 1998) contains on p. 156 a diagram giving the actress Joanna Lumley as an example of RP, the boxer Frank Bruno for Cockney, and the comedian and writer Ben Elton for EE. This is ironic, in that Ben Elton himself denies that he is a speaker of EE (John Wells, personal communication).
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Verbrugge, Lois M., and Shannon Ang. "Family reciprocity of older Singaporeans." European Journal of Ageing 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2018): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10433-017-0452-1.
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Wong, Yang-Sheng, and Lois M. Verbrugge. "Living Alone: Elderly Chinese Singaporeans." Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology 24, no. 3 (September 30, 2008): 209–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10823-008-9081-7.
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Counsilman, J. J., S. Y. Chan, H. Haiyon, N. A. Rahim, R. Salim, T. Y. Tai, M. L. Tan, Z. Zainy, and O. Viegas. "Breast Feeding Among Poor Singaporeans." Journal of Tropical Pediatrics 32, no. 6 (December 1, 1986): 310–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/32.6.310.
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Malhotra, Chetna, Angelique Chan, Rahul Malhotra, and Truls Østbye. "Fifteen Dimensions of Health among Community-Dwelling Older Singaporeans." Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/128581.
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This paper aims to present a broad perspective of health of older Singaporeans spanning 15 health dimensions and study the association between self-rated health (SRH) and other health dimensions. Using data from a survey of 5000 Singaporeans (≥60 years), SRH and health in 14 other dimensions were assessed. Generalized logit model was used to assess contribution of these 14 dimensions to positive and negative SRH, compared to average SRH. About 86% reported their health to be average or higher. Prevalence of positive SRH and “health” in most other dimensions was lower in older age groups. Positive and negative SRH were associated with mobility, hearing, vision, major physical illness, pain, personal mastery, depressive symptoms, and perceived financial adequacy. The findings show that a majority of older Singaporeans report themselves as healthy overall and in a wide range of health dimensions.
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Oliver, Steven, and Kai Ostwald. "EXPLAINING ELECTIONS IN SINGAPORE: DOMINANT PARTY RESILIENCE AND VALENCE POLITICS." Journal of East Asian Studies 18, no. 2 (July 2018): 129–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jea.2018.15.
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AbstractThe People's Action Party (PAP) of Singapore is one of the world's longest ruling dominant parties, having won every general election since the country's independence in 1965. Why do Singaporeans consistently vote for the PAP, contrary to the expectations of democratization theories? We argue that valence considerations—specifically, perceptions of party credibility—are the main factor in the voting behavior of Singapore's electorate, and are critical to explaining the PAP's resilience. Furthermore, we argue that the primacy of valence politics arose in part by design, as the PAP has used its control of Singapore's high-capacity state to reshape society and thereby reshape voter preferences towards its comparative advantages. We use a multi-methods approach to substantiate this argument, including a comprehensive quantitative analysis of recent elections. Ultimately, our findings suggest that a focus on valence politics can increase the resilience of dominant parties, but that such a strategy also faces natural limits.
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Seong, Teoh Boon, and Lim Beng Soon. "Challenges Confronting Translators in Multilingual and Multi-ethnic Singapore." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 47, no. 1 (December 31, 2001): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.47.1.04seo.
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Singapore is a cosmopolitan city in the centre of Southeast Asia. Its population is multiracial and multilingual. The majority of Singaporeans is functionally bilingual, i.e. they know English and a mother tongue of their own; an ethnic Chinese Singaporean thus can speak English and Mandarin Chinese. Translation in Singapore faces certain challenges and in this paper we highlight what some of these problems are, in the specific instance of translating into English from Malay. There is a tendency amongst Malays to write in a pseudo-spoken style and it has generally been acknowledged that spoken Malay is considerably different from written standard Malay. Often the impact of the translation may not be the same as that intended by the original and may be totally misconstrued. The paper describes some of these challenges in translating Malay.
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Ametepe, Paul Kojo, and Uchechi C. Onokala. "Leadership dynamics and Covid-19 crisis management in Singapore: a contingency approach." LBS Journal of Management & Research 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2023): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lbsjmr-11-2022-0073.
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PurposeThe goal of this study is to explore the role leadership play by Singapore’s government in the handling of the Covid-19 crisis and to suggest recommendations around the leadership dynamics in solving similar challenges experienced by businesses, organizations and societies.Design/methodology/approachThis review was conducted using a case study and a desk review, a systematic review as well as a narrative method where physical books, web searches, online platforms, patterns in related occurrences and related literature were used to support the study. The review was anchored on the contingency approach and the stakeholder theory. Two hypotheses were developed and tested using qualitative comparative analysis. The study finding showed that the Singapore government used an all-inclusive functional leadership approach in curtailing the effect of the pandemic on Singaporeans. The study recommends that in decision-making, being proactive and timely is critical, and developing more conceivable and holistic crisis response plans through an integrated orientation is paramount to the successful achievement of a goal.FindingsDespite some flaws, it was found that the Singaporean government had conveniently used a contingency leadership approach through an all-inclusive functional leadership to mitigate the effect of Covid-19 through the use of social media, messaging apps and effective communication, effective pandemic control techniques, albeit in a proactive manner. As a result, Singapore's mortality rate was relatively lower than that of other nations that were adversely affected by the epidemic, earning them a prime position in the crisis response. The study, therefore, contends that their proactive response to containing the pandemic can be used as a model for people, businesses, the political system and society to lessen incidents of a similar nature in the future.Practical implicationsPolicymakers, scholars and frontline workers may have sufficient reason to devote time to developing a more viable, comprehensive crisis response plan by pursuing an integrated learning strategy, through the use of contingency approaches and drawing on past experiences in dealing with global health emergencies. Apart from this, Singapore’s experience will serve as a lesson for the management of businesses and leaders of societies to take proactive steps in dealing with challenges as soon as they arise.Originality/valueThis review showed that contingency is a reality faced by every society and organization and people’s collective responsibility is a necessity during such time. Therefore, when an organization/institution is in a familiar situation, policymakers, academics and business management/leaders need to be proactive and also reflect on past experiences to deal with current and future mistakes in the course of daily operations in an organization/society.
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Musa, Mohammad Alami. "Singapore’s Secularism and Its Pragmatic Approach to Religion." Religions 14, no. 2 (February 6, 2023): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14020219.
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Singapore embraces a form of secularism that provides the state with the authority to unilaterally decide on where to draw the lines between religion, politics, and state. This paper presents examples that dominate Singapore’s approach to religion and governance. Given the centrality of religion in the lives of Singaporeans, this article highlights how the state does not cast aside the social significance of religion but remains engaged with it. The model of secularism in Singapore affords the state the flexibility to easily switch between two broad types of secularism, namely a ‘soft secularism’, a religion-friendly variety, and a ‘hard secularism’, which the state employs as a tool for political control and management of society as it wrestles with existential challenges to ensure its continued survival.
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Wong, Kevin Zi-Hao, and Ying-Ying Tan. "Being Chinese in a global context: Linguistic constructions of Chinese ethnicity." Global Chinese 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/glochi-2017-0001.
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AbstractTo date, there has not been a large corpus of research looking at how different Chinese populations perceive language to be a part of their Chinese ethnicity. Even where this has been done, no attempts have been made to compare these perceptions across Chinese populations of different polities, to see if and how they differ. To fill this gap, this paper examines and compares the relationship between Mandarin-Chinese, “dialects”, and English, and the construction of Chinese ethnicity amongst Chinese Malaysians, Chinese Singaporeans, and Mainland Chinese. It does this through a questionnaire study employing 100 participants from each group, taking into account beliefs about the importance of these languages to the everyday experience of being Chinese, self-declared language proficiency, and self-declared language use. The results of the study suggest that “dialects” are becoming less important to Chinese ethnicity amongst all three groups, particularly amongst Chinese Singaporeans. Meanwhile, English is becoming more important amongst Chinese Malaysians and Chinese Singaporeans, once again particularly amongst the latter. While Chinese Malaysians continue to perceive Mandarin-Chinese as being the language most important to Chinese ethnicity, Chinese Singaporeans’ beliefs reflect English’s dominance over Mandarin-Chinese in nearly every aspect of everyday social life. These findings underscore how Chinese ethnicities in different parts of the world need to be understood on their own terms, and how language can be a vital clue as to how different Chinese ethnicities are constructed in the global context.
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Chua, Beng-Huat. "Racial-Singaporeans: Absence after the Hyphen." Social Scientist 24, no. 7/8 (July 1996): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3517767.
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Gerrard, Philip, and J. Barton Cunningham. "The multiple banking behaviour of Singaporeans." International Journal of Bank Marketing 17, no. 1 (February 1999): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02652329910254028.
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