Journal articles on the topic 'Sin Ming Hui'
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Chen, Ching-Hui, Pei-Chi Chu, Hsuan-Wen Chen, Shin-Yi Lin, and Shih-Ming Kao. "Marine Industry Promotion Strategy Study." Impact 2023, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2023.1.6.
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There is a keen focus in Taiwan on the country's Blue Economy and establishing and developing ocean sustainability and, alongside this, promoting economic growth, jobs and livelihoods. Ching-Hui Chen, Pei-Chi Chu, Hsuan-Wen Chen and Shin-Yi Lin are industry researchers of the Metal Industry Research and Development Centre (MIRDC), an agency of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and are collaborating with Professor Shih-Ming Kao of National Sun Yat-Sen University (NSYSU) and Ocean Affairs Council (OAC) to help develop the local marine industry. The team is working to establish an assessment and guidance mechanism for local governments that will push forward marine development. This involves far-reaching collaboration to improve understanding of the current status of the 19 coastal counties and cities in Taiwan, each of which has its own different marine resources and characteristics, and identifying potential areas for development and bottlenecks. The researchers are building inventories of local marine industries using the PEST (politics, economy, society and technology) overall environmental model. They are using different data, including relevant procurement bids from the past decade and organised five marine industry focus symposiums to which representatives from industry, government, and academia were invited to discuss and identify the developmental needs and directions of local marine industries.
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Spizzichino, Fabio. "2. Bayesian survival analysis. Joseph G. Ibrahim, Ming-Hui Chen and Debajyoti Sinha, Springer, Heidelberg, Germany, 2001. No. of pages: xiv+479. Price: DM 171.09. ISBN: 0-387-95277-2." Statistics in Medicine 23, no. 20 (2004): 3246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.1765.
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Nguyễn Minh, Khoa, and Thắng Trần Văn. "Tích chập suy rộng với hàm trọng g(y) = sin ay đối với các phép biến đổi tích phân Fourier cosine và Fourier sine." Transport and Communications Science Journal 72, no. 5 (June 15, 2021): 637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47869/tcsj.72.5.10.
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Tích chập suy rộng mới với hàm trọng đối với hai phép biến đổi tích phân Fourier cosine và Fourier sine được chúng tôi xây dựng và nghiên cứu trong bài báo này. Chúng tôi chứng minh sự tồn tại của tích chập suy rộng mới này trong không gian L(R¬+). Đẳng thức nhân tử hóa cốt yếu với sự có mặt của hai phép biến đổi tích phân khác biệt là Fourier cosine, Fourier sine và hàm trọng cùng một số tính chất khác như tính không giao hoán, tính không kết hợp khác với các tích chập của một phép biến đổi tích phân được phát biểu và chứng minh. Cuối cùng là áp dụng tích chập suy rộng mới được xây dựng để giải hệ phương trình tích phân kiểu Toeplitz-Hankel và nhận được nghiệm dưới dạng đóng. Trong ba thập niên trở lại đây, tích chập suy rộng được các nhà toán học quốc tế và trong nước quan tâm nghiên cứu. Đồng thời các nhà toán học cũng ứng dụng chúng trong việc giải các bài toán về phương trình tích phân, phương trình vi tích phân,… Vì vậy, việc nghiên cứu tích chập suy rộng là vấn đề thời sự. Do đó, nhóm tác giả chúng tôi đã viết bài báo này.
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Do Duc Tri, Vy Van Vu, Doan Anh Tuan, Truong Dinh Nhon, Nguyen Duy Thao, and Ho Anh Khoa. "Phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến cho nghịch lưu hình T ba bậc để giảm tổng độ méo dạng sóng hài." Journal of Technical Education Science, no. 64 (June 30, 2021): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54644/jte.64.2021.90.
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Trong bài báo này, một phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến (MSPWM) cho nghịch lưu hình T tăng áp tựa khóa chuyển mạch ba bậc (TL-qSBT2I) để giảm tổng độ méo dạng sóng hài (THD) cũng như chỉ số điều chế cao được trình bày. Trạng thái ngắn mạch nửa trên (UST) và ngắn mạch nửa dưới (LST) được đề xuất để điều khiển. Phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung sin cải tiến không chỉ tăng áp mà còn cải thiện chất lượng điện áp đầu ra so với phương pháp điều chế độ rộng xung thông thường. Ngoài ra, để giảm độ gợn dòng điện cuộn dây ngõ vào bằng cách sử dụng hai sóng mang tần số cao vcar1 và vcar2, trong đó vcar2 được tạo ra bằng cách dịch pha 900 từ vcar1. Để chứng minh nguyên lý hoạt động của TL-qSBT2I, những kết quả mô phỏng được trình bày trong bài báo này.
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Nguyen Hai, Trung. "Measuares to integrate soft skills education in teaching Ho Chi Minh Ideology for undergraduates at university in Hai Duong province." Journal of Science Educational Science 65, no. 7 (July 2020): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2020-0083.
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On the basis of generalizing some achievements and remaining limitations in the process of integrating soft skills education in teaching the subject: Ho Chi Minh Ideology for undergraduates at universities in Hai Duong province; the author proposes three measures to contribute to improving the efficiency in this teaching: planning to teach Ho Chi Minh Ideology combining with soft skills education; organizing this combination in teaching practice; testing and evaluating its results of formation and development of undergraduates’ soft skills through teaching this subject at universities. Each measure is analyzed specifically according to the unified structure, including the objectives, contents and methods of implementing the measures; as well as its conditions to implement.
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Ganapathy, Vinutha, Mini E. Jacob, Meghan I. Short, Mitzi M. Gonzales, Claudia Satizabal Barrera, Sudha Seshadri, Chen-pin Wang, and Helen P. Hazuda. "THE HEALTHY AGING INDEX AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH MORTALITY IN OLDER MEXICAN AND EUROPEAN AMERICANS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3481.
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Abstract Mexican Americans (MA) have higher morbidity compared to European Americans (EA); however, the mortality rate remains lower (Hispanic Paradox). The Healthy Aging Index (HAI) captures clinical and subclinical morbidity in older adults and is useful in examining ethnic differences in mortality for a given disease burden. We assessed the association between baseline HAI and all-cause mortality over 12 years of follow-up among older MAs (n=394) and EAs (n=355) in the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA) and examined differences between ethnic groups. HAI incorporates non-invasive measures (systolic blood pressure, forced vital capacity, creatinine, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Mini-Mental State Exam). Missing baseline data for HAI components and covariates were imputed using multiple imputations. Proteinuria was used instead of creatinine due to non-availability. Scores of 0, 1, 2 were given from lowest to highest tertile HAI categories; diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, and renal failure were included in the highest tertiles. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the association between HAI and mortality, adjusting for confounders. After adjusting for age, gender, education, income, BMI, smoking and ethnicity, HAI was independently associated with mortality (HR 1.25 (1.16-1.35), p-value <0.0001). We found no interaction effect between HAI and ethnicity on mortality ((p-value for interaction = 0.78). In the SALSA sample, HAI is a predictor of mortality after adjusting for confounders in both MAs and EAs. The absence of a significant HAI*ethnicity interaction effect further demonstrated that HAI works equally well as a predictor of mortality in both MAs and EAs.
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Berg, Daria. "Courtesan Editor." T’oung Pao 99, no. 1-3 (2013): 173–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685322-9913p0005.
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This article focuses on female editorship and sexual politics in late Ming and early Qing China, using Hua suo shi, an anthology edited by the courtesan poet Xue Susu, as a case study. It traces textual production and transmission, and reconstructs the literary and cultural contexts of this work to explore the courtesan’s editorial gaze and representation of gender through a close reading of it. The analysis of its two main themes—women as commodities, and women as agents—shows how the courtesan editor re-imagined China’s cultural landscape from her point of view. New examples of female agency are discovered in analyzing the cultural process of editing as a “web of discourses,” providing a window on the emergence of a new female editorial voice in early modern China’s cultural discourse. Cet article se concentre sur le rôle éditorial des femmes et sur les politiques sexuelles en Chine à la fin des Ming et au début des Qing. Une anthologie éditée par la courtisane et poétesse Xue Susu, le Hua suo shi, sert d’étude de cas. Le processus de production et de transmission textuelle est examiné et le contexte littéraire et culturel de l’ouvrage restitué, permettant d’explorer le regard éditorial et le jeu de genre de la courtisane à travers une lecture serrée du texte. L’analyse des deux thèmes dominants — la femme comme marchandise, la femme comme agent — démontre la façon dont la courtisane éditrice ré-imagine le paysage culturel chinois de son propre point de vue. D’autres exemples d’intervention féminine se révèlent lorsqu’on analyse le processus culturel d’édition en tant que “réseau de discours”. Ainsi s’ouvre une fenêtre sur l’émergence d’une nouvelle voix éditoriale féminine au sein du discours culturel chinois au début des temps modernes.
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Qu, Feilin, Guan-Hua Su, Jin-Hui Li, Chao You, and Zhi-Ming Shao. "Abstract PO1-07-07: Radiomics features for distinguishing true recurrence versus new primary tumor following breast-conserving treatment." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–07–07—PO1–07–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-07-07.
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Abstract Background Despite modern surgical and irradiation techniques, ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) accounts for 5-15% of all cancer recurrences in women treated with breast conservative treatment. Historically, the methods to define true recurrence (TR) and new primary tumor (NP) for IBTR mainly rely on clinical and pathological criteria, limiting the accuracy of the discerption and causing misclassification. This study aimed to develop a preoperative, noninvasive model for distinguishing IBTR by integrating clinicopathological review with paired dynamic contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) at diagnosis and following in-breast recurrence. MethodsWe retrospectively extracted radiomics features from MRI to develop a radiomic cohort of IBTR (n =46), among which all patients underwent paired preoperative DCE-MRI. This radiomic cohort was divided into a training cohort (n =27) and a validation cohort (n =19) with stratified random sampling. Classification of IBTR as TR or NP on the basis of tumor location, histologic subtype, estrogen receptor, and HER2 status was set as the gold standard. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and logistic regression were utilized to perform radiomics feature selection and model training, respectively. The clinical utility of the model was determined via decision curve analysis (DCA). Results We selected three radiomics features (first-order feature Kurtosis from the first postcontrast phase on IBTR DCE-MRI, GLCM feature Imc2 from the first postcontrast phase on IBTR DCE-MRI, and the delta feature Correlation from the precontrast phase of the change between IBTR and primary tumor DCE-MRI) to develop an IBTR-classification predicting radiomic model, which performed well in the validation cohort (AUC 0.867, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.694-1). Further investigation for sensitivity (73.3%) and specificity (100%) verified a favorable concordance between the radiomic classification and the conventional standard, with a diagnostic accuracy of 79%. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated the feasibility of the radiomics model in predicting IBTR classification and provided preoperative information about the nature of “recurrence”. This might have important implications in surgical approaches and multidisciplinary care for IBTR. Further efforts are needed to improve the reproducibility of radiomics features and models in multiple centers. Citation Format: Feilin Qu, Guan-Hua Su, Jin-Hui Li, Chao You, Zhi-Ming Shao. Radiomics features for distinguishing true recurrence versus new primary tumor following breast-conserving treatment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-07-07.
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Leonard, B. E. "Hormonally induced changes in mind and brain. Edited by Jay Schulkin. Academic Press, San Diego, 1993. pp. 407.1664.95. ISBN 0-12-631330-X. Stress, neuropeptides and systemic disease. Edited by James A. Mccubbin, Peterg. Kaufmann and Charles B. Nemeroff. Academic Press, San Diego, 1991. pp. 485. $1 16.00. ISBN 0-12482490-0." Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 10, no. 2 (March 1995): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.470100217.
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Mai, Hai-Qiang, Ya-Qian Han, Guo-Wu Wu, Kun-Yu Yang, Chuan-Ben Chen, Mo Wang, Xian-Ming Luo, et al. "Abstract CT113: A dose-exploring, randomized, open-label, Phase I study for toripalimab subcutaneous injection in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Cancer Research 84, no. 7_Supplement (April 5, 2024): CT113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-ct113.
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Abstract Background Toripalimab, a humanized IgG4K monoclonal antibody specific for PD-1, in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin (GP) has been approved as a first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) by the US FDA in October 2023. This is the first-in-human clinical trial (NCT05751486) to investigate the pharmacokinetics of toripalimab subcutaneous (SC) formulation in RM-NPC and determine the appropriate subcutaneous administration regimen for subsequent clinical trials. Methods Patients with histologically confirmed RM-NPC and without previously systemic therapy for RM disease were enrolled. Eligible patients were assigned to receive toripalimab SC 240 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W), 360 mg Q3W or 480 mg Q6W, in combination with GP for up to 6 cycles, followed by toripalimab SC monotherapy until disease progression, intolerable toxicity, or completion of 2 years of treatment. Tumor response was assessed per RECIST v1.1. The primary endpoint was pharmacokinetic (PK) profile. Secondary endpoints included safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity. Results From November 24, 2022 to November 20, 2023, a total of 38 patients (240 mg cohort, n=12; 360 mg cohort, n=13; 480 mg cohort, n=13) were enrolled, the median follow-up time was 6.8 months. The median age was 49 years, and 28 (73.7%) patients were males. PK analysis showed that in the first cycle, the exposure (AUC0-21days and Ctrough) of toripalimab 360 mg Q3W SC regimen was comparable to that of 240 mg Q3W intravenous (IV) regimen (table 1). Objective Response Rates (ORR) in 240 mg, 360 mg and 480 mg cohorts were 100%, 92.3% and 92.3%, respectively. By November 20, 2023, 71.1% (27/38) patients have ongoing responses. No new safety signal was identified. The incidence of Grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) was 76.3% with no fatal AEs. The incidence of investigator-determined immune-related AEs was 36.8% with 1 (2.6%) Grade ≥3. Conclusions Toripalimab SC formulation showed similar safety and clinical efficacy with toripalimab IV formulation when combined with GP in patients with RM-NPC. The exposure of toripalimab 360 mg Q3W SC was comparable to that of 240 mg Q3W IV. Toripalimab SC formulation is planned for phase III clinical development. Table 1. PK parameters of each dose cohort. Parameters JS001sc Cohorts (N = 36) IV ref-model based 240 mg SC Q3W, n=12 480 mg SC Q6W, n=12 360 mg SC Q3W, n=12 240 mg IV Q3W, n=1014 Cycle 1 Ctrough, μg/mL GM (% CV) 10.2 (57.1) 8.4 (43.5) 18.6 (50.1) 10.2 (61.8) Cycle 1 AUC (0-Xd), μg•d/mL GM (% CV) 8376 (0-21 d) (39.3) 25316 (0-42 d) (35.4) 14229 (0-21 d) (58.2) 13386 (27.0) Bioavailability 62.6% (25.3%-100.0%) Citation Format: Hai-Qiang Mai, Ya-Qian Han, Guo-Wu Wu, Kun-Yu Yang, Chuan-Ben Chen, Mo Wang, Xian-Ming Luo, Shuang-Hui Wei, Xi Tan, Peng Xue, Rui-Hua Xu. A dose-exploring, randomized, open-label, Phase I study for toripalimab subcutaneous injection in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT113.
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Chi, Ya-Hui, Chun-Ping Chang, Teng-Kuang Yeh, Chiung-Tong Chen, Wan-Ping Wang, Yen-Ting Chen, Chia-Hua Tsai, et al. "Abstract 5806: Discovery of a long half-life AURKA inhibitor to treat MYC-amplified solid tumors as a monotherapy and in combination with everolimus." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 5806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5806.
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Abstract Aurora kinase inhibitors such as alisertib can destabilize MYC-family oncoproteins and have demonstrated compelling anti-tumor efficacy. In this study, we report 6K465, a novel pyrimidine-based Aurora A (AURKA) inhibitor that reduces levels of c-MYC and N-MYC oncoproteins more potently than alisertib. In an analysis of the antiproliferative effect of 6K465, the sensitivities of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and breast cancer (BC) cell lines to 6K465 were strongly associated with the protein levels of c-MYC and/or N-MYC. We also report DBPR728, an acyl-based prodrug of 6K465 bearing fewer hydrogen-bond donors that exhibited 10-fold improved oral bioavailability. DBPR728 induced durable tumor regression of c-MYC- and/or N-MYC- overexpressing xenografts including SCLC, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), hepatocellular carcinoma and medulloblastoma using a 5-on-2-off or once-a-week dosing regimen on a 21-day cycle. A single oral dose of DBPR728 at 300 mg/kg induced c-MYC reduction and cell apoptosis in the tumor xenografts for more than 7 days. The inhibitory effect of DBPR728 at a reduced dosing frequency was attributed to its uniquely high tumor/plasma ratio (3.6-fold within 7 days) and the long tumor half-life of active moiety 6K465. Furthermore, DBPR728 was found to synergize with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus to suppress c-MYC- or N-MYC- driven SCLC. Collectively, these results suggest DBPR728 has the potential to treat cancers overexpressing c-MYC- and/or N-MYC. Citation Format: Ya-Hui Chi, Chun-Ping Chang, Teng-Kuang Yeh, Chiung-Tong Chen, Wan-Ping Wang, Yen-Ting Chen, Chia-Hua Tsai, Yan-Fu Chen, Yi-Yu Ke, Jing-Ya Wang, Ching-Ping Chen, Tsung-Chih Hsieh, Mine-Hsine Wu, Chen-Lung Huang, Ya-Ping Chen, Hong Zhuang. Discovery of a long half-life AURKA inhibitor to treat MYC-amplified solid tumors as a monotherapy and in combination with everolimus [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5806.
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Tuấn, Trần Anh, and Nguyễn Đình Hải. "Ảnh hưởng của độ gồ ghề đến một số đặc tính thuỷ lực của vật liệu rỗng có chứa vết nứt đơn." Tạp chí Khoa học Công nghệ Xây dựng (KHCNXD) - ĐHXD 14, no. 3V (July 27, 2020): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2020-14(3v)-02.
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Bài báo này trình bày mô phỏng số dòng Stokes đi qua vết nứt đơn, gồ ghề xuất hiện trong môi trường vật liệu rỗng, ở đó hai hình thái gồ ghề được xem xét đó là: dạng hình sin và dạng tam giác. Trong nghiên cứu này, một số đặc tính thuỷ lực của dòng Stokes như trường vận tốc và áp suất trước tiên phải được xác định bằng cách sử dụng phương pháp phần tử biên, sau đó các nghiệm số thu được được sử dụng để tính toán độ thấm hữu hiệu của vết nứt trong vật liệu rỗng. Ảnh hưởng của mức độ gồ ghề và độ mở rộng của vết nứt lên độ thấm hữu hiệu được xem xét và phân tích. Nhằm mục đính chứng minh tính chính xác và hiệu quả của phương pháp đã đề xuất, các kết quả thu được cho trường vận tốc và áp suất được so sánh với kết quả thu được bằng phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn.
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vật liệu rỗng bị nứt; dòng Stokes; phương pháp phần tử biên; độ thấm hữu hiệu; vết nứt gồ ghề.
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Kavuri, Shyam M., Rashi Kalra, Ching Hui Chen, Junkai Wang, Ahmad Bin Salam, Lacey Dobrolecki, Alaina Lewis, et al. "Abstract P2-13-24: Distinct HER2 allele specific therapeutic response and preclinical efficacy of poziotinib in metastatic ER+ HER2 mutant breast cancer." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–13–24—P2–13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-13-24.
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Abstract Background.Targeting HER2 gene amplification is one of the great achievements in oncology resulting in the use of a wide array of anti-HER2 agents in the clinic. Unfortunately, 20% of patients still relapse with secondary organ metastasis and are currently incurable. While only 1.6% of primary non-HER2-amplified ER+ breast cancers harbor HER2 mutations, 6-10% of all metastatic breast cancers harbor HER2 mutations, suggesting their causal role in contributing to metastasis. The clinical value of HER2 activating mutations is being tested with the pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor neratinib in phase II clinical trials (NCT01670877, NCT01953926, and NCT02465060). To date, neratinib has elicited only modest responses in ER+ breast cancer, often rapidly followed by progression. This study characterizes HER2-mutant induced resistance to endocrine therapy or neratinib induced resistance and resulting metastasis, in order to determine a more effective rational therapeutic approach for treating ER+ HER2-mutant breast cancer. Methods.HER2 mutation frequency and its impact on patient outcome was determined using METABRIC primary breast cancer (BC) and MSK IMPACT metastatic BC ER+ sequencing studies. Effects of estrogen (E2), fulvestrant, or neratinib on cell growth and HER2 signaling were examined on ER+/ILC cells (MM134) stably expressing HER2/WT, HER2/S310F, and HER2/L755S. Cell growth was measured using CellTiter-Glo and HER2 signaling was analyzed by western blot analysis. Additionally, the effect of these ER+/ILC and IDC HER2 mutations on tumor growth and endocrine or neratinib treatment resistance was determined using fat pad injections and MIND xenografts in NOD-scid gamma mice. Results.We searched ER+ sequencing datasets and identified HER2 mutations that are highly enriched in ER+ ILC as compared to ER+ IDC. These activating HER2 mutations in ER+ ILC are associated with early relapse and poor overall survival. Moreover, we are finding that ILC patients harboring the recurrent HER2/L755S mutation have worse overall survival compared to non-mutant HER2 ILC. MM134 cells expressing HER2/S310F and HER2/L755S show increased cell growth, strongly activated autophosphorylation of HER2, and increased downstream signaling (pMAPK and pAKT) as compared to cells expressing HER2/WT upon treatment with fulvestrant (1μM). Three clinically relevant in vivo models including ILC HER2/L755S Mammary INtraDuctal (MIND) xenografts, IDC HER2/L755S fat pad xenografts, and IDC HCI-003 (an ER+ patient-derived xenograft (PDX) naturally harboring the exon 20 activating HER2G778_P780 dup) exhibit fulvestrant and neratinib resistance and lung and ovary metastases. In addition, we find that HER2 mutations induced mTOR signaling. In contrast, however, the pan-HER drug poziotinib does potently inhibit tumor growth and organ-specific metastasis and perturbs mTOR activation in these models. Conclusion.We demonstrate that clinically associated HER2 mutations drive endocrine therapy or neratinib resistance and poor patient outcome in ER+ patients. Our data propose the use of the irreversible pan-HER TKI poziotinib for treating endocrine therapy or neratinib refractory ER+ HER2-mutant metastatic breast cancer. Citation Format: Shyam. M Kavuri, Rashi Kalra, Ching Hui Chen, Junkai Wang, Ahmad Bin Salam, Lacey Dobrolecki, Alaina Lewis, Christina Sallas, Clayton Yates, Carolina Gutierrez, Balasubramanyam Karanam, Meenakshi Anurag, Bora Lim, Matthew Ellis. Distinct HER2 allele specific therapeutic response and preclinical efficacy of poziotinib in metastatic ER+ HER2 mutant breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-24.
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Roberts, A. C., J. A. R. Stirling, A. J. Criddle, G. E. Dunning, and J. Spratt. "Aurivilliusite, Hg2+HgI+OI, a new mineral species from the Clear Creek claim, San Benito County, California, USA." Mineralogical Magazine 68, no. 2 (April 2004): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461046820184.
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AbstractAurivilliusite, ideally Hg2+Hg1+OI, is monoclinic, C 2/c, with unit-cell parameters refined from X-ray powder data: a= 17.580(6), b= 6.979(1), c= 6.693(3)Å, β = 101.71(4)°, V = 804.0(5)Å3, a:b:c= 2.5190:1:0.9590,Z = 8. The strongest six lines of the X-ray powder-diffraction pattern [din Å (I )(hkl)] are: 8.547(70)(200), 3.275(100)(002), 2.993(80)(2̄21), 2.873(80)(600), 2.404(50b)(6̄02, 421, 2̄22) and 1.878(50)(2̄23). This extremely rare mineral was collected from a small prospect pit near the longabandoned Clear Creek mercury mine, New Idria district, San Benito County, California, USA. It is intimately intermixed with another new undefined Hg-O-I phase (‘CCUK-15’), and is also closely associated with native mercury, cinnabar and edgarbaileyite in a host rock principally composed of quartz and magnesite. Aurivilliusite occurs in a cm-wide quartz vein predominantly as irregular-shaped thin patches ‘splattered’ on the quartz surface; patches vary in size from 10–20 μm up to 0.5 mm. The only known subhedral platy brightly reflecting crystal fragment, with major ﹛100﹜ form and distinct ﹛100﹜ cleavage, did not exceed 0.2 mm in longest dimension. The mineral is dark grey-black with a dark red-brown streak. Physical properties include: metallic lustre; opaque; non-fluorescent; brittle; uneven fracture; calculated density 8.96 g/cm3 (empirical formula), 8.99 g/cm3 (ideal formula). In polished section in plane-polarized reflected light, aurivilliusite resembles cinnabar, is extremely light sensitive, shows twinning and no internal reflections, and exhibits an unusual ‘red light’ coalescing phenomena. Averaged and corrected results of electron-microprobe analyses yielded HgO 40.10, Hg2O 38.62, I 22.76, Br 0.22, Cl 0.06, sum 101.76, less O = I + Br + Cl –1.46, total 100.30 wt.%, corresponding to Hg1.002+Hg1.001+ O1.01(I0.97Br0.01Cl0.01)Σ0.99, based on O + I + Br + Cl = 2 atoms per formula unit (a.p.f.u.). The original value for Hg, 74.27 wt.%, was partitioned in a HgO:Hg2O ratio of 1:1 after the discovery of the crystal-structure paper dealing with the synthetic equivalent of aurivilliusite. The mineral name is in honour of the late Dr Karin Aurivillius (1920 –1982), chemistcrystallographer at the University of Lund, Sweden, for her significant contributions to the crystal chemistry of Hg-bearing inorganic compounds. Aurivilliusite is related chemically to terlinguaite, Hg2+Hg1+OCl, but has a different structure and X-ray characteristics.
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Kang, Zhihua, Pan Fu, Hui Ma, Tao Li, Kevin Lu, Juan Liu, Vasudeva Ginjala, et al. "Abstract 7106: Distinct functions of EHMT1 and EHMT2 in cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 7106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7106.
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Abstract EHTM1 (GLP) and EHMT2 (G9a) are closely related protein lysine methyltransferases often thought to function together as a heterodimer to methylate histone H3 and non-histone substrates in diverse cellular processes including transcriptional regulation, genome methylation, and DNA repair. Here we show that EHMT1/2 inhibitors cause DNA replication stress, accumulation of single-stranded replication gaps, increased expression of STING, emergence of cytosolic DNA, and activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Remarkably, EHMT1/2 inhibition strongly potentiates the efficacy of alkylating chemotherapy and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in mouse models of tripe negative breast cancer. Mechanistically, the effects of EHMT inhibition on DNA replication and alkylating agent sensitivity are largely caused by the loss of EHMT1-mediated methylation of DNA ligase I (LIG1), whereas the elevated STING expression is, at least part, caused by its promoter demethylation. Moreover, depletion of EHMT2, and not EHMT1, leads to STING induction, which is correlated with more complete demethylation of the STING1 promoter. On the other hand, depletion of EHMT1, and not EHMT2, results in cytosolic DNA accumulation, which presumably activates the cGAS-STING pathway. These results reveal distinct functions of the two EHMT paralogs and provide enlightening paradigms and corresponding molecular basis for combination therapies involving alkylating agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Citation Format: Zhihua Kang, Pan Fu, Hui Ma, Tao Li, Kevin Lu, Juan Liu, Vasudeva Ginjala, Peter Romanienko, Zhaohui Feng, Ming Guan, Shridar Ganesan, Bing Xia. Distinct functions of EHMT1 and EHMT2 in cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7106.
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Lin, Chiao-Min, Hsaun-Yu Mu, Li-An Chu, Ya-Hui Lin, Ji Li, Chao-Yu Liu, Hsi-Chien Huang, et al. "Abstract 6771: Tumor-microenvironment-on-chip: an ex vivo drug screening platform enabling real-time observation of regional tumor responses during drug development and clinical treatments." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 6771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-6771.
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Abstract Background: Current tumor models face challenges in accurately replicating the intricate and dynamic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME), limiting predictions of drug efficacy in drug development and personalized treatment. Furthermore, the continuous and real-time observation of drug responses variations resulting from tumor heterogeneity poses challenges in existing models, including patient-derived organoids and animal models. To address these limitations, our study introduces a novel approach through a tumor-microenvironment-on-chip (TMoC) that combines 3D tissue cultivation and a circulation system, incorporating physiological gradients of oxygen and nutrients. Serving as a tool to faithfully replicate the intricate TME, TMoC facilitates highly accurate drug screening for enhanced therapeutic precision. Method: Based on organ-on-chip and microfluidic systems, our platform reconstructs the cellular heterogeneity of the TME using tumor tissue-dissociated cells in collagen I or Matrigel within a strip-shaped 3D cultivation space, enabling simple analysis of regional responses. A circulation system, powered by a peristaltic pump, aids medication and immune cell entry for combination immunotherapy assessment. Real-time apoptosis analysis via fluorescence microscopy and sample retrieval for in-depth analysis are enabled. In drug screening, TMoC results are compared with mouse model outcomes and medication records for various cancers and treatments. Result: TMoC reconstructed physiological-like gradients, including oxygen levels, and facilitated the infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, providing a distinctive model for assessing the synergistic impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy drugs. Additionally, tissues cultured in TMoC retained their original cellular composition. TMoC demonstrated efficacy in drug screening across various cancer models, including breast, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers. In clinical studies, tumor tissue-derived cells from patients were cultivated on the TMoC, and the treating results are subsequently compared with clinical outcomes. Whether in animal models or clinical cases, the drug screening outcomes of TMoC consistently aligned with in vivo drug responses. Conclusion: The TMoC offering a platform that modeling some complex characteristics of TME. With applications in drug screening and clinical studies, it shows promising correlations between TMoC and in vivo responses. Citation Format: Chiao-Min Lin, Hsaun-Yu Mu, Li-An Chu, Ya-Hui Lin, Ji Li, Chao-Yu Liu, Hsi-Chien Huang, Sheng-Liang Cheng, Tsung-Ying Lee, Hsin Mei Lee, Hsin-Min Chen, Yun-Jen Tsai, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Kee-Ming Man, Yunching Chen, Jen-Huang Huang. Tumor-microenvironment-on-chip: an ex vivo drug screening platform enabling real-time observation of regional tumor responses during drug development and clinical treatments [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6771.
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Liu, Yin, Lei Fan, Zhi-Ming Shao, and Zhong-Hua Wang. "Abstract OT2-18-01: Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: an open-label, single-arm phase II study." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): OT2–18–01—OT2–18–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-ot2-18-01.
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Abstract Purpose: The anti-tumor activity of nab-paclitaxel followed by epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (EC) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in Asian patients remains unclear, particularly in the aggressive subtype triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this NAC regimen in TNBC. Methods: In this Simon’s two-stage, phase II study, treatment-naïve patients with resectable unilateral primary invasive TNBC were enrolled. Eligible patients received nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 weekly on day 1 for 12 weeks, followed by dose-dense EC (epirubicin 90 mg/m2; cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2) on day 1 for four 2-week cycles. The primary endpoint was the total pathological complete response (tpCR, ypT0/is ypN0) rate. Secondary endpoints included breast pathological complete response (bpCR, ypT0/is) rate, objective response rate (ORR), the proportion of patients requiring breast-conserving surgery, and safety. Results: 55 eligible patients were enrolled and treated. After neoadjuvant therapy, tpCR and bpCR were respectively observed in 43.1% (95% CI, 29.3%-57.8%) and 49.0% (95% CI, 3)4.8%-63.4%) of 51 evaluable patients for pathological response evaluation. 44 had an ORR as their best response (80.0%; 95% CI, 67.0%-89.6%). No correlations between clinicopathological variables and pathological/clinical response were observed. Grade 3 or more AEs occurred in 63.6% of 55 patients. The most frequent AEs were alopecia. No treatment-related surgical delay or death occurred. Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense EC as NAC demonstrates promising anti-tumor activity and acceptable tolerability for patients with TNBC. Citation Format: Yin Liu, Lei Fan, Zhi-Ming Shao, Zhong-Hua Wang. Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: an open-label, single-arm phase II study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-18-01.
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Shao, Zhi-Ming, Zhong-Hua Wang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Yin Liu, Xiu-Zhi Zhu, Yi Xiao, Song-Yang Wu, et al. "Abstract OT3-27-01: Subtyping-based platform guides precision medicine for heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multicenter, phase 2, umbrella, FUTURE trial." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): OT3–27–01—OT3–27–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-ot3-27-01.
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Abstract Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease and lacks effective treatment. Our previous study classified TNBCs into four subtypes (luminal androgen receptor [LAR], immunomodulatory [IM], basal-like immune-suppressed [BLIS], mesenchymal-like [MES]) with distinct molecular features. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of molecular subtype-derived precision treatment in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic TNBC. Methods: This open-label, phase 2, umbrella trial included patients from four centers in China. Participants were women (aged ≥18 years) with histologically confirmed metastatic TNBC with disease progression after multiple lines of standard chemotherapy. Patients were enrolled into seven parallel arms according to their molecular subtypes: LAR with or without ERBB2 somatic mutation/amplification assigned to arm A (pyrotinib with capecitabine) and arm B (androgen inhibitor included therapy); IM assigned to arm C (anti-PD-1 antibody with nab-paclitaxel); BLIS with or without BRCA1/2 germline mutation assigned to arms D (PARP inhibitor included therapy) and E (anti-VEGFR included therapy); MES without or with PI3K-AKT mutation assigned to arms F (anti-VEGFR included therapy) and G (everolimus with nab-paclitaxel). Bayesian predictive probability was adopted to monitor each arm, which can be terminated independently according to a prespecified futility or efficacy boundary. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03805399. Findings: Between October 18, 2018, and February 11, 2022, we enrolled 141 patients. All patients were heavily pretreated and resistant to six categories of the most common chemotherapeutic agents used in breast cancer treatment, with a median of 3 previous lines of therapies in the metastatic setting (Table 1 and 2). The median follow-up was 18.3 months (IQR 11.7-27.7). A confirmed objective response was achieved in 42 (29.8%, 95% CI 22.4-38.1) of the 141 patients. The median PFS was 3.4 months (95% CI 2.7-4.2), and the median OS was 10.7 months (95% CI 9.0-12.3) (Table 3). Arms A, C, E and G achieved efficacy boundaries, with 3 (75.0%) out of 4 patients in arm A, 20 (43.5%) out of 46 patients in arm C, 13 (28.3%) out of 46 patients in arm E, and 3 (33.3%) out of 9 patients in arm G achieving objective responses. Potential predictive biomarkers of efficacy in each arm were explored. Safety data were consistent with the known safety profiles of relevant drugs. Interpretation: We demonstrate the feasibility and clinical utility of a subtyping-based, genomic sequencing-guided strategy which allows the majority of heavily pretreated metastatic TNBCs to benefit from precision treatment. Most arms exhibit promising efficacy and manageable toxicities, providing subtyping schema to optimize personalized treatment. Table 1. The FUTURE trial schema. Patients are stratified into seven arms using the FUSCC 484-gene NGS panel testing and IHC subtyping. Abbreviations: mTNBC, metastatic triple-negative breast cancer; NGS, next-generation sequencing; IHC, immunohistochemistry; FUSCC, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; LAR, luminal androgen receptor; IM, immunomodulatory; BLIS, basal-like immune-suppressed; MES, mesenchymal-like; n, number; AR, androgen receptor; PD-1, programmed cell death-1; PARPi, poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; mTORi, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. Table 2. Patient characteristics in the FUTURE trial. Table 3. Summary of treatment efficacy of TNBC in the FUTURE trial Citation Format: Zhi-Ming Shao, Zhong-Hua Wang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Yin Liu, Xiu-Zhi Zhu, Yi Xiao, Song-Yang Wu, Wen-Jia Zuo, Qiang Yu, A-Yong Cao, Jun-Jie Li, Ke-Da Yu, Guang-Yu Liu, Jiong Wu, Tao Sun, Jiuwei Cui, Zheng Lv, Hui-Ping Li, Xiao-Yu Zhu. Subtyping-based platform guides precision medicine for heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multicenter, phase 2, umbrella, FUTURE trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-27-01.
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Gong, Yue, Peng Ji, Huai-liang Wu, Li-Hua He, Ming-Liang Jin, Xin Hu, Yi-Zhou Jiang, and Zhiming Shao. "Abstract PO1-14-06: Integrated analysis reveals the impact of obesity on triple-negative breast cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–14–06—PO1–14–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-14-06.
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Abstract Background: Obesity and overweight status, which has been growing rapidly over the past few decades, is considered as a risk factor for many types of cancers including breast cancer. Despite the multi-omics profile of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been comprehensively characterized, the impact of obesity on molecular features of TNBC is not fully appreciated. Methods: We applied an integrative analysis on clinicopathological data and molecular data (including genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic profiling) using the multi-omics database of TNBC (N = 465) from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) for associations with patient body mass index (BMI). Patients were categorized into overweight/obese (OW/OB, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) and normal (NL, BMI < 24 kg/m2) group according to the Chinese criteria of BMI. The clinical and molecular differences between OW/OB and NL patients were systematically explored. We also constructed high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse tumor models and used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the impact of obesity on the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we analyzed the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy on TNBC tumors in both obese and normal mice. Results: OW/OB patients exhibited higher proportion of metabolic syndrome, more adipose tissue in the breast and worse survival than NL patients. Among most frequently mutated genes, OBSCN showed statistically significantly less mutated in the OW/OB group (3.2% vs 9.6%), while TP53 (68.3% vs 76.9%) and PIK3CA (21.4% vs 14.1%) had tendency to be different. In terms of copy number alterations, we found OW/OB patients had a higher amplified or gained frequency of 13q14.11 (FOXO1) and a lower frequency of deletion or loss of chromosomal region 7p22.1 (FOXK1). We further dissect the expression profile of TNBC. Differentially expressed gene analysis and pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that immune and metabolic pathways were the major distinction between OW/OB and NL tumors. OW/OB tumors were characterized with elevated inflammation of tumor microenvironment, as well as higher expression of immune checkpoints. Moreover, analyses focusing on metabolic heterogeneity using transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic data revealed upregulation of lipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species pathway in OW/OB group. In addition, our in vivo experiments demonstrated that TNBC in the obese mice displayed faster growth rates. Flow cytometry analysis and single-cell RNA sequencing showed that higher proportion of immunosuppressive myeloid cells and exhausted CD8+ T cells and upregulation of lipid metabolism in HFD group. Applying anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in both obese and normal mice displayed that tumors in the obese mice showed more sensitive to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Conclusion: Our study systematically revealed that obesity might play a significant role in the molecular heterogeneity of TNBC and showed distinct sensitivities to immunotherapy, which should be taken in account in the field of precision medicine. Keywords: triple-negative breast cancer, obesity, immune, tumor microenvironment, metabolism Citation Format: Yue Gong, Peng Ji, Huai-liang Wu, Li-Hua He, Ming-Liang Jin, Xin Hu, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Zhiming Shao. Integrated analysis reveals the impact of obesity on triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-14-06.
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Strach, Madeleine C., Nicole Yeung, Eva Apostolov, Tony Wang, Hui-Ming Lin, Nabila Ansari, Cherry Koh, et al. "Abstract 5480: Single cell and spatial transcriptomic profile of appendiceal tumour peritoneal disease." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 5480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5480.
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Abstract Introduction: Appendiceal tumors (AT) are rare and often develop peritoneal disease (PD), with 5 year survival of 15-63% for high grade adenocarcinomas (HG) and 46-96% for low grade mucinous neoplasms (LG). While the mainstay of treatment is cytoreductive surgery and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC), the role of systemic chemotherapy is less clear with limited biological characterization of AT and its tumor microenvironment (TME). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the TME of AT PD. Here we present an atlas of AT PD cells alongside a spatially resolved transcriptomic profile comparing HG and LG. Methods: We collected tissue from 29 patients with AT PD during CRS prior to HIPEC (18 LG, nine HG and two no tumor control). We performed comprehensive single-cell RNA sequencing (38224 cells) on fresh tissue specimens from nine patients (four HG, five LG), and whole transcriptome spatial analysis (>18000 genes) using the GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from 22 patients (five HG, 13 LG). In the spatial profiling, we used anti-CK20, anti-CD45 and SYTO 83 as morphology markers to select areas of interest (AOIs): tumor (CK20), immune (CD45) and stroma (non-CK20/CD45). Analyses were performed with R and a false discovery rate threshold of 0.05. Results: Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that both LG and HG have a preponderance of T-lineage cells including CD8, CD4 and NK T-cells. Both LG and HG tumors display association of mesothelial cells with cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), and CAF subsets expressing genes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). LG and HG tumors display different patterns of mucin gene expression - epithelial cells of HG express the secreted mucin MUC20 in addition to MUC2 and MUC5B also expressed in LG; a subset of mesothelial cells in LG but not HG express the transmembrane mucin genes MUC1, MUC3A, MUC12 and MUC16. Spatial analysis of tumor AOIs revealed HG compared to LG had increased expression of genes associated with MYC targets, oxidative phosphorylation, anti-tumor immune pathways (IFNα/γ response, intestinal immune network for IGA production), cell cycle pathways (E2F targets, G2M checkpoint) and EMT. LG compared to HG had increased expression of genes associated with inflammation-mediated disease (TNFα signaling via NFKB, inflammatory response), regulation of tumor growth (P53), hypoxia and early cell cycle (estrogen response) and glycosylation pathways. Immune and stromal AOIs did not have significant transcriptomic differences between LG and HG. Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the biological profile of AT PD by describing TME cell types, immune function, tumor growth and cell cycle pathways. These findings may be used to identify clinically relevant biomarkers and new therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Madeleine C. Strach, Nicole Yeung, Eva Apostolov, Tony Wang, Hui-Ming Lin, Nabila Ansari, Cherry Koh, Joo-Shik Shin, James Kench, Alexander Swarbrick, Lisa Horvath, Kate L. Mahon. Single cell and spatial transcriptomic profile of appendiceal tumour peritoneal disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5480.
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Zhu, Xiu-Zhi, Yi-Fan Zhou, Yun-Yi Wang, Xiao-Hong Ding, Xi Jin, Zhi-Ming Shao, Yi-Zhou Jiang, and Zhong-Hua Wang. "Abstract PO1-15-08: Genomic characterization of triple-negative breast cancer metastases reveals PKD1 as a novel biomarker for immunotherapy." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–15–08—PO1–15–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-15-08.
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Abstract Background: While primary triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) garners significant research attention, the genomic alterations that occur in metastasis remain insufficiently understood, especially within Asian populations. Furthermore, the genomic information obtained from the primary tumor inadequately guides metastatic cancer treatment, highlighting the critical need for in-depth investigations into metastatic TNBC. Methods: We constructed the largest cohort of TNBC metastases (n = 296) among advanced TNBC patients treated at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) between October 2018 and December 2020. Comprehensive DNA sequencing was conducted on the collected metastatic samples to analyze genomic alterations associated with treatment response. The underlying mechanisms of specific biomarkers were also explored. Results: We presented the genomic landscape of 296 TNBC metastases, encompassing mutant genes, mutation sites and copy number variations. Through multidimensional analysis, significant disparities in TNBC were observed between Western and Asian populations, primary and metastatic tumors, as well as different metastatic sites. Notably, our findings underscore the importance of sequencing TNBC metastases to guide precision therapy, which was associated with longer progression-free survival compared to physician-chosen treatments, shedding light on the pivotal clinical value of genomic studies in metastatic settings. Furthermore, efficacy analysis suggested that PKD1 mutations enriched in metastases mediated resistance to immunotherapy. These findings were further validated through three clinical trials (NCT03805399, NCT04129996, and NCT04395989). Mechanistic studies unveiled the involvement of PKD1 in TNBC immune evasion by upregulating CCL2, thereby facilitating the recruitment of M2-type tumor-associated macrophages. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the critical significance and necessity of genomic profiling of metastases in guiding precision therapy for TNBC. Moreover, our findings reveal PKD1 as a novel and promising biomarker for immunotherapy. Citation Format: Xiu-Zhi Zhu, Yi-Fan Zhou, Yun-Yi Wang, Xiao-Hong Ding, Xi Jin, Zhi-Ming Shao, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Zhong-Hua Wang. Genomic characterization of triple-negative breast cancer metastases reveals PKD1 as a novel biomarker for immunotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-15-08.
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Zhu, Xiu-Zhi, Xi Jin, Hu-Yun-Long Zhang, Xiyu Liu, Yi-Fan Zhou, Yi-Yu Chen, Tong Fu, et al. "Abstract PO1-15-07: Subtyping-directed precision treatment refines traditional one-size-fits-all therapy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: a sub-study of the MULAN umbrella trial." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–15–07—PO1–15–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-15-07.
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Abstract Background: The standard approach of using one-size-fits-all endocrine therapy for hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) breast cancers has faced significant challenges due to variations in treatment response among individuals. Consequently, there is still an urgent need to understand the molecular biology of HR+/HER2- breast cancer and explore precision treatment strategy. Methods: We established a multiomics cohort (n = 351), multicenter real-world clinical cohorts (n = 643), a prospective clinical cohort (MULAN trial), and a drug-testing platform containing patient-derived organoids (n = 126) and patient-derived tumor fragments (n = 49) of HR+/HER2- breast cancers. Integrating "bench" and “bedside” data, we conducted comprehensive preclinical and clinical translational research on precision strategies in HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Results: We implemented a comprehensive classification system for HR+/HER2- breast cancer, comprising four distinct subtypes. We further demonstrated the efficacy and mechanisms of subtyping-directed precision treatment strategies through clinical cohort studies, omics analysis and functional assays: endocrine therapy alone for the canonical luminal subtype; the addition of CDK4/6 inhibitor and PARP inhibitor for the proliferative subtype; the immunotherapy for the immunogenic subtype; and tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the receptor tyrosine kinase-driven subtype. Using clinically applicable subtyping methods, we validated that matched precision treatment strategies outperformed unmatched approaches in a real-world cohort, almost doubling the median progression-free survival time for patients with refractory advanced HR+/HER2- breast cancer (9.83 months [95% CI, 5.74-13.93] vs 4.77 months [95% CI, 3.35-6.18]; hazard ratio 0.64 [95% CI, 0.41-0.99]). Importantly, the first-stage analysis of the MULAN phase II umbrella clinical trial (NCT04355858) verified the higher objective response rate (88.9%, 95%CI: 51.7%-99.7%) of the subtyping-directed precision treatment. Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the superiority of subtyping-directed precision treatment strategies for HR+/HER2- breast cancer, refines traditional “one-size-fits-all” therapy, and facilitates the translation of precision treatment strategies from bench to bedside. Overall study design Part 1 Subtype Molecular Characteristics: Molecular features of the four subtypes of HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Part 2 Multidimensional Efficacy Validation: Integrating data from a multiomics cohort, real-world study, drug testing platform and prospective clinical research to validate the subtyping-directed precision treatment strategy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer. Part 3 Subtyping-directed Precision Treatment Strategy: Integrating clinical cohort studies, omics analysis and functional assays revealed the heterogeneity of treatment response in HR+/HER2- breast cancer, and proposed a subtyping-directed precision treatment strategy. CIN, chromosomal instability; RTK, receptor tyrosine kinase; CNA, copy-number alteration; ER, estrogen receptor; HR, hormone receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Citation Format: Xiu-Zhi Zhu, Xi Jin, Hu-Yun-Long Zhang, Xiyu Liu, Yi-Fan Zhou, Yi-Yu Chen, Tong Fu, Ming-Liang Jin, Ya-Xin Zhao, Yi-Fan Xie, Ruo-Xi Wang, Zhong-Hua Wang, Lei Fan, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Zhi-Ming Shao. Subtyping-directed precision treatment refines traditional one-size-fits-all therapy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: a sub-study of the MULAN umbrella trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-15-07.
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Shi, JiaJie, Wei Li, Zhongsheng Tong, Aimin Zang, Xiaohua Zeng, Shui Wang, Tao Huang, et al. "Abstract P4-01-21: Phase 2 Study of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437c in Combination With Fulvestrant or Letrozole and Goserelin in Patients With HR+, HER2– Advanced Breast Cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P4–01–21—P4–01–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p4-01-21.
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Abstract Background: FCN-437c is a second-generation CDK4/6 inhibitor. Phase 1b clinical results indicated improved antitumor activity in patients (pts) with HR+, HER2– advanced breast cancer (ABC), treated with FCN-437c + letrozole. Methods: This Phase 2, multicenter, open-label clinical study evaluated the antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics (PK), and safety of FCN-437c + fulvestrant in post-menopausal pts (Cohort 1, treatment-naïve or 2L), FCN-437c + letrozole + goserelin in pre-menopausal pts (Cohort 2, treatment-naïve). Pts received FCN-437c (200 mg QD) in a 21-day-on and 7-day-off schedule either in combination with fulvestrant (500 mg D1) or letrozole (2.5 mg QD) + goserelin (3.6 mg once per cycle) in 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), PK, and safety. Results: At study cutoff (Feb 7, 2022), 36 pts were enrolled in Cohort 1 and 31 pts were in Cohort 2; 42 (62.7%) pts had visceral metastases and 9 (13.4%) pts had bone-only metastases. In Cohort 1, 18 pts were treatment-naïve, 15 pts had received 1L treatment, and 3 pts had received ≥2L treatment. In Cohort 2, 25 pts were treatment-naïve and 6 pts had received 1L treatment. Overall, 27 pts in the per-protocol set achieved partial response (PR), resulting in an ORR of 40.9% (95% CI, 29.0-53.7). Median follow-up was 12.8 months, and median PFS (mPFS), OS, and DOR were not reached. However, at 12 months, the PFS rate was 67.7% (95% CI, 53.2-78.6) and the OS rate was 95.9% (95% CI, 84.5-99.0); the 6-month DOR rate was 96.0% (95% CI, 74.8-99.4). In Cohort 1 (n=35), 11 pts achieved PR: the ORR was 31.4% (16.9-49.3%) and mPFS was 12.9 months (95% CI, 9.2-NR); the 6-month DOR rate was 100%. In Cohort 2 (n=31), 16 pts achieved PR: the ORR was 51.6% (95% CI, 33.1-69.9%). mPFS, OS, and DOR were not reached; the 6-month DOR rate was 92.9% (95% CI, 59.08-98.96) (Table). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were observed in all pts. Majority of AE were G1 or 2 except for hematological TEAE. 58 (86.6%) pts reported grade ≥3 TEAEs, mainly neutropenia (74.6%), leukopenia (49.3%), hypertriglyceridemia (6.0%), lymphocyte count decrease (4.5%), and γ-glutamyltransferase increase (3.0%): most were reversed through dose interruption and symptomatic therapy. Steady-state PK parameters were analyzed after 15-21 days of QD administration: Cohort 1: median Tmax was 3 h, geomean T1/2 was 44.6 h, geomean Cmax was 1650.7 ng/mL, and geomean AUC0-24h was 29,148.08 h*ng/mL; the geomean accumulation ratios of AUC0-24h and RCmax were 2.18 and 1.74, respectively, compared with first dose. Cohort 2: median Tmax was 4 h, geomean T1/2 was 35.7 h, geomean Cmax was 1314.34 ng/mL, and geomean AUC0-24h was 22,889.96 h*ng/mL; the geomean accumulation ratios of AUC0-24h and RCmax were 1.95 and 1.63, respectively, compared with first dose. Conclusion: FCN-437c in combination with fulvestrant or letrozole + goserelin demonstrates antitumor activity and safety and is well tolerated in pts with HR+, HER2– ABC. This combination therapy will be further investigated in 2 ongoing Phase 3 trials (NCT05438810 and NCT05439499). Clinical trial number: NCT05004142. Research Sponsor: Avanc Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd Table. Clinical outcomes for patients in the per-protocol set. Citation Format: JiaJie Shi, Wei Li, Zhongsheng Tong, Aimin Zang, Xiaohua Zeng, Shui Wang, Tao Huang, Ying Wang, Yanqiu Song, Lihua Kang, Zheng Lv, Yehui Shi, Hua Yang, Jing Wu, Yongmei Yin, Yan Liang, Jie Tan, Jie Ming, Yaping Yang, Simin Luo, Xiujuan Gui, Ai-Min Hui, Zhuli Wu, Ling Tian, Yuchen Yang, Lei Diao, Wenjing Zhang, Yongjiao Zhang, Yunjiang Liu. Phase 2 Study of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor FCN-437c in Combination With Fulvestrant or Letrozole and Goserelin in Patients With HR+, HER2– Advanced Breast Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-21.
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Rodríguez-Castellanos, Billy A., and Adriana Castro-Rodríguez. "Caracterización geoquímica y madurez de carbones térmicos de Norte de Santander, Colombia." Boletín de Ciencias de la Tierra, no. 54 (December 20, 2023): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rbct.107357.
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Debido a la creciente preocupación mundial por los elevados índices de contaminación ambiental y por el calentamiento global producto de las actividades humanas, se han comenzado a generar restricciones para el uso de los combustibles fósiles, entre ellos el carbón. Colombia al ser un país rico en este recurso mineral necesita comenzar a evaluar su uso potencial en otros campos y conocer de manera detallada las posibles implicaciones ambientales asociadas a su composición química. Actualmente el Servicio Geológico Colombiano viene desarrollando diversos proyectos encaminados a este propósito. Este trabajo presenta la caracterización geológica, fisicoquímica y petrográfica de los carbones térmicos de Norte de Santander, haciendo énfasis en la composición de elementos de interés ambiental. Se tomaron 87 muestras de carbón de frentes de mina en los municipios de Arboledas, Salazar, San Cayetano, Sardinata, Toledo y Tibú en el departamento de Norte de Santander. Las muestras fueron preparadas y se realizaron los siguientes análisis: Humedad de equilibrio, análisis próximo, determinación de carbono hidrógeno y nitrógeno, azufre total, formas de azufre, poder calorífico, índice de hinchamiento (FSI), índice de molienda (HGI), mercurio total, composición de elementos mayores, menores y trazas y reflectancia media de la vitrinita. Los mantos de carbón teniendo en cuenta su clasificación según los valores de reflectancia media de la vitrinita corresponden a carbones de rango bajo y medio que corresponden a subbituminosos y bituminosos lo que indica que no son carbones con alta madurez térmica.
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Chen, Jen-Shi, Ming-Huang Chen, Yi-Chang Liu, Wen-Chi Chou, Nai-Jung Chiang, Hui-Ching Wang, Ta-Sen Yeh, et al. "Abstract CT089: A phase 1 multi-center, open label, dose escalation study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-tumor activity of T-1301, a novel small molecular multi-target kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 7_Supplement (April 5, 2024): CT089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-ct089.
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Abstract Background: T-1301 is a novel small molecule multi-target kinase inhibitor, it also exhibited potent inhibitory activity against both wild type and mutant forms of various kinases, i.e., ABL1, FLT3, c-KIT, PDFGRA, RET, and TRKA. In in vitro studies, T-1301 effectively inhibited growth of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as well as gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) cells carrying mutations that are resistant to KIT-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in clinical use. In animal studies, tumor regressions were observed in AML and GIST xenograft models, while growth inhibition were observed in various other types of solid tumor models. Method: This is an open label, multi-centered Phase 1 dose escalating study (NCT05156203). The primary objectives are to establish the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D), and to assess the safety and tolerability of T-1301. The secondary objectives are to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and therapeutic response after receiving treatment. Eligible Patient should have histologically and cytologically confirmed advanced solid tumors (including lymphoma) with measurable or evaluable target lesion(s) per RICEST v1.1 and refractory to or without standard treatments, ECOG performance status 0-1, and adequate organ function. The dose escalation begins with accelerated titration and switch to the Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) design when either one of the following events is observed in Cycle 1: the first instance of DLT, or any Grade 2 or higher drug-related adverse event (AE) in any patient. Then, at least 2 additional subjects are treated at the current dose level and the dose escalation will follow the Bayesian Optimal Interval (BOIN) design with cohorts of size 3-6.T-1301 is orally administered daily in a 28-day cycle (a 21-day consecutive dosing followed by a 7-day rest). The dosing schedule is once daily (QD) at the initial dose level and could be QD or twice daily starting with the second dose level according to the safety review committee (SRC) decision after reviewing the safety and PK data from each dose level. AEs are assessed according to CTCAE v5.0 and occurrence of dose limiting toxicity (DLT) is determined during the first cycle of treatment. The safety findings are reviewed by the SRC, which will determine the MTD and RP2D. Tumor response evaluation is performed after 2 cycles of treatment and assessed according to RECIST v1.1 criteria. For those who benefit from the study medication after 2 treatment cycles, intra-subject dose escalation for multiple times is allowed in extension study period. Patient recruitment began in December 2021 and is ongoing in Taiwan. Citation Format: Jen-Shi Chen, Ming-Huang Chen, Yi-Chang Liu, Wen-Chi Chou, Nai-Jung Chiang, Hui-Ching Wang, Ta-Sen Yeh, Shih-Feng Cho, Cheng-Hsu Wang, I-Fang Lee, Li-Tzong Chen. A phase 1 multi-center, open label, dose escalation study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and anti-tumor activity of T-1301, a novel small molecular multi-target kinase inhibitor, in patients with advanced solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 2 (Late-Breaking, Clinical Trial, and Invited Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(7_Suppl):Abstract nr CT089.
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Rastogi, Aditi, Fariba Behbod, Nicholas Navin, Jerome Lin, Linheng Li, Hua Li, Andrew K. Godwin, Alastair M. Thompson, Timothy Fields, and Yan Hong. "Abstract P6-14-08: Epithelial/stromal cross talks that induce malignant transition of human ductal carcinoma in situ." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P6–14–08—P6–14–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p6-14-08.
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Abstract Background: A large fraction of human DCIS (>50%) may not need the multimodality treatment options currently offered to all patients. More importantly, while we may be overtreating many, we cannot identify those most at risk for invasion/metastasis. Revealing the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which some DCIS remain indolent while others advance to invasive and metastatic breast cancers is currently a clinical unmet need. Methods: To address this gap, we developed the Mouse-INtraDuctal (MIND) model, by which patient-derived (PDX) DCIS epithelial cells are injected intraductally and allowed to progress naturally in mice. Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to profile the DCIS epithelial and stroma cells in progressors vs. non-progressors. To distinguish between stromal (diploid) cells and tumor (aneuploid) cells, we calculated Copy Number Aberration (CNA) profiles from RNA using CopyKAT. Cell-type specific differential gene expression analysis of DCIS epithelial cells and microenvironment cell types in progressors and non-progressors was performed. We also predicted putative ligand:receptor interactions between the tumor cells and cell types in the microenvironment by CellPhoneDB. Results: Among 37 PDX DCIS MIND models followed for a median of 9 months, 20 (54%) grafted into 95 glands, showed in vivo invasive progression (progressed) while 17 (46%), injected into 107 glands, remained non-invasive (non-progressed). ScRNA-seq was performed on 13 DCIS samples including 10 progressors and 3 non-progressors. Aneuploid cells were further analyzed to identify deferentially expressed genes that were upregulated in progressors compared to non-progressors (log2 fold=1, FDR p< 0.05).. Notable genes included NEAT1, EIF4EBP1, SCGB2A2, TFF1 and TFF3 that were upregulated in the progressors. NEAT1, the core structural component of the paraspeckles, is frequently overexpressed in human cancers and its expression is correlated with worse survival in cancer patients. NEAT1 drives tumor progression by regulating genes involved in cellular growth, migration, invasion, metastasis, EMT, stemness, radio- and chemoresistance, supporting its role as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. TFF1/TFF3 mRNAs show increased expression in metastatic breast cancers. EIF4EBP1 is located on chrom 8p11-p12 which is frequently amplified in breast cancer and is associated with poor clinical prognosis. Further analysis using Cancer Hallmarks identified mitotic spindle, interferon signaling, DNA repair, oxidative phosphorylation and P53 pathway among the top signatures that were upregulated in the progressors. CellPhoneDB identified expression of several receptor/ligand interactions including CD74/MIF involved in epithelial/stromal and stromal/stromal cross talks that may play a role in DCIS invasive progression. Conclusions: Future studies will validate our findings using patient DCIS samples with known long-term outcome and in vivo MIND models to further refine risk associated biomarkers for invasion/metastasis and to identify more effective treatments. Citation Format: Aditi Rastogi, Fariba Behbod, Nicholas Navin, Jerome Lin, Linheng Li, Hua Li, Andrew K. Godwin, Alastair M. Thompson, Timothy Fields, Yan Hong. Epithelial/stromal cross talks that induce malignant transition of human ductal carcinoma in situ. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-14-08.
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Lv, Hong, Qian-Ming Bai, Yin Liu, Zhong-Hua Wang, Ruo-Hong Shui, Hong-Fen Lu, Xiao-Li Xu, et al. "Abstract P2-13-11: Response to anti-HER2 neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast cancers with different HER2 FISH-positive patterns." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P2–13–11—P2–13–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p2-13-11.
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Abstract Backgrounds: Since human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancers may have different HER2/CEP17 ratios and HER2 copy numbers, outcomes of HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with anti-HER2 neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) may be different. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between different groups of HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) positive patterns and response to anti-HER2 NACT. Methods: 513 HER2-positive invasive breast cancers who received anti-HER2 NACT in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, during January 2015 to September 2020, were collected. According to FISH results, 513 patients were divided into three groups. Group A: HER2/CEP17 < 2.0 and HER2 average copy number ≥6.0; Group B: HER2/CEP17≥2.0 and HER2 average copy number ≥4.0 and < 6.0; Group C: HER2/CEP17≥2.0 and HER2 average copy number ≥6.0. Clinicopathological characteristics and pathological complete response(pCR) rates of three groups were analyzed. Results: All 513 patients were treated with anti-HER2 NACT. The anti-HER2 treatment included trastuzumab in 463 (90.3%) patients, trastuzumab plus pertuzumab in 21 (4.1%) patients, trastuzumab plus lapatinib in 3 (0.6%) patients, and trastuzumab plus pyrotinib in 1 (0.2%) patient. 25 (4.9%) cases were unblinded in clinical trials, who were treated either with trastuzumab plus pertuzumab or with trastuzumab plus pyrotinib. Among 513 patients, 237 cases (46.2%)were luminal B (hormone receptor positive and HER2 positive) and 276 cases (53.8%) were hormone receptor negative and HER2 overexpressed (HER2 overexpression type). According to IHC results, cases with HER2 1+,2+ and 3+ were 8 (1.6%), 123 (24.0%) and 382(74.5%), respectively. Among them, 0.0%, 25.2%, and 48.7% achieved pCR (p<0.001). The pCR rate of HER2 overexpression type was higher than that of luminal B type (54.0% vs 28.7%, P<0.001). Lymph nodes with metastasis after NACT in luminal B type was higher than that of HER2 overexpression type (43.0% vs 21.4%, P<0.001). According to HER2-FISH results, 11 cases (2.1%) were group A, 28 cases (5.5%) were group B and 474 cases (92.4%) were group C. Compared with the pCR rate of group A (36.4%) and group C (44.5%), the pCR rate in group B (7.1%) was significantly lower (p<0.001). Conclusions: Among HER2-positive breast cancers, HER2 protein expression level was positively correlated with pCR rate. Luminal B(HER2+)patients benefited less from anti-HER2 NACT than HER2 overexpression patients. Although all were invasive breast cancers with positive HER2-FISH results, patients with HER2/CEP17≥2.0 and HER2 copy number ≥4.0 and <6.0 seemed to respond less favorably to anti-HER2 NACT compared with other groups. The biological characteristics of this group of patients are worthy of further study. Citation Format: Hong Lv, Qian-Ming Bai, Yin Liu, Zhong-Hua Wang, Ruo-Hong Shui, Hong-Fen Lu, Xiao-Li Xu, Bao-Hua Yu, Xiao-Yu Tu, Rui Bi, Yu-Fan Cheng, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Zhi-Min Shao, Wen-Tao Yang. Response to anti-HER2 neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast cancers with different HER2 FISH-positive patterns [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-11.
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Wu, Ming-Hsi, Hsiang-Ching Wang, Wei-Hsin Wang, Yen-Ju Lin, Wan-Ru Chen, Shih-Ta Chen, Chih-Wei Fu, and Eric Chuang. "Abstract 2090: The GNAQ T96S mutation enhances the oncogenic properties of breast cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-2090.
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Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, and metastatic breast cancer (mBC) remains responsible for the majority of breast cancer deaths. In this study, we collected 615 cases of Taiwanese BC patient's tumor samples and used whole exome sequencing (WES) to clarify the genetic mutation landscape of this population. We have compared with various BC genomic databases such as TCGA, COSMIC, and MSKCC to identify 29 novel variants in 18 genes that were predicted to have a pathogenic effect. In these pathogenic variants, we found that the GNAQ T96S mutation (threonine 96 to serine alteration of the Gαq protein) was presented in 116 out of 615 BC patients (18.9%). To examine the effect of the GNAQ T96S mutation on BC, we transfected the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with the wild-type or the mutant GNAQ T96S expression vector. Transfection with the GNAQ T96S expression vector enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and activation of the MAPK pathways compared to wild-type GNAQ expression MCF-7 cells. We also found that the tumorigenicity, and tumor growth were significantly increased in the GNAQ T96S expressed MCF-7 xenograft model, and exhibited higher rates of lung metastasis in GNAQ T96S expressed MDA-MB-231 cells. Our data suggest that the GNAQ T96S mutation may play an oncogenic role in BC by potentiating the GNAQ signaling pathway. In this study, we also found several compounds that can inhibit in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth of GNAQ T96S expressed MCF-7 cells. These compounds showed the potential to treat the mBC patients who have GNAQ T96S mutation. Citation Format: Ming-Hsi Wu, Hsiang-Ching Wang, Wei-Hsin Wang, Yen-Ju Lin, Wan-Ru Chen, Shih-Ta Chen, Chih-Wei Fu, Eric Chuang. The GNAQ T96S mutation enhances the oncogenic properties of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2090.
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Yussuf Charles Yussuf. "Kiểm định đồng liên kết cho các mối quan hệ kinh tế dài hạn của cộng đồng Đông Phi: bằng chứng từ phân tích tổng hợp." Tạp chí Kinh tế và Ngân hàng châu Á, no. 200 (July 10, 2023): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.63065/ajeb.vn.2022.200.81431.
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Mục đích – Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là kiểm định và phân tích các mối quan hệ kinh tế cân bằng của Cộng đồng Đông Phi (EAC). Thiết kế/phương pháp/cách tiếp cận – Để đạt được mục đích của nghiên cứu, các tác giả đã áp dụng kiểm định đồng liên kết Johansen, bao gồm mô hình cấu trúc dài hạn (LRSM), mô hình tương quan véc-tơ-lỗi-tương quan (VECM) và phân tách phương sai (VDC). Kết quả – Tại I(1), cả hai kiểm định Philips-Peron (PP) và Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) đều cho thấy nền kinh tế của các quốc gia thành viên Đông Phi là đồng liên kết. Kết quả này được chứng minh thêm bằng các kiểm định dựa trên thủ tục đồng liên kết Johansen và VECM, cho thấy các mối quan hệ kinh tế dài hạn và ngắn hạn có ý nghĩa. Kết quả cho thấy thêm rằng mặc dù có một số vấn đề không phổ biến giữa các quốc gia thành viên như Tanzania và Kenya, tuy nhiên, mối quan hệ kinh tế của họ vẫn có ý nghĩa mặc dù nó tiêu cực. Hơn nữa, phát hiện cho thấy mối quan hệ kinh tế ngắn hạn tích cực và có ý nghĩa giữa Kenya, Burundi và Rwanda. Tính mới/giá trị – Bài viết áp dụng các kỹ thuật đồng liên kết trong bối cảnh của EAC. Kết quả có thể sẽ tăng thêm giá trị cho nhà hoạch định chính sách cũng như cho các tài liệu hiện có về chủ đề này. Điều này có thể kích hoạt các hàm ý chính sách và mở ra hướng nghiên cứu mới trong và ngoài khu vực.
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He, Min, Linxiaoxi Ma, Shuang Hao, Benlong Yang, Bingqiu Xiu, Ya-Yun Chi, Ruo-Hong Shui, Zhong-Hua Wang, Zhi-Ming Shao, and Jiong Wu. "Abstract PO2-03-05: Neoadjuvant anthracycline followed by Toripalimab combined with nab-paclitaxel in patients with stage IIA-IIIC triple negative breast cancer (NeoTENNIS): efficacy and safety results of a phase II study." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO2–03–05—PO2–03–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po2-03-05.
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Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have shown promising antitumor activity in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Toripalimab, a novel PD-1 antibody, has been approved for the treatment in multiple solid tumors. However, the neoadjuvant use of toripalimab with chemotherapy has not been evaluated in TNBC patients. In addition, whether chemotherapy could sensitize the ICI treatment has not drawn conclusion yet. In this phase II trial, a sequential use of chemotherapy and anti-PD1 therapy was given in a neoadjuvant setting. The efficacy and safety of toripalimab were evaluated. Patients and methods: Female patients with histologically confirmed stage IIA to IIIC TNBC were included. Eligible patients received neoadjuvant therapy with four cycles of epirubicin-cyclophosphamide every 2 weeks followed by toripalimab (240 mg) every 3 weeks plus nab-paclitaxel weekly for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (tpCR; ypT0/is ypN0) rate. Key secondary endpoints were breast pCR (bpCR; ypT0/is) rate, biomarker analysis, and safety. Results: Among 70 enrolled patients (median age, 51 years; 62.9% stage III), 66 patients completed study treatment without progression and received surgery after study treatment. Overall, the percentages of patients with a tpCR and bpCR were 55.7% (39 of 70 patients) and 58.6 % (41 of 70 patients), respectively. For women with CD8–positive and negative tumors, the tpCR rates were 66.0% and 30.0% (P = 0.006), respectively. Significant upregulation of CD8 positive cells after 4 cycles of epirubicin-cyclophosphamide induction chemotherapy (P = 0.011) were shown in sequential biopsy samples. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) occurred in 30 patients (42.9%), the most common of which were neutropenia (15.7%), leukopenia (14.3%) and alanine aminotransferase increase (4.3%). Most common immune-related AEs were hepatobiliary disorders (Grade 3, 7.2%), creatinine increase (all Grade 1-2, 2.8%) and hypothyroidism (all Grade 1-2, 2.8%). Conclusions: The addition of toripalimab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is efficacious and safe in patients with locally advanced TNBC. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy could sensitize the ICI treatment with upregulated tumor immune response. The event-free survival results are expected with further follow up. Mechanisms of chemotherapy sensitization are still under investigation (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT04418154). Citation Format: Min He, Linxiaoxi Ma, Shuang Hao, Benlong Yang, Bingqiu Xiu, Ya-Yun Chi, Ruo-Hong Shui, Zhong-Hua Wang, Zhi-Ming Shao, Jiong Wu. Neoadjuvant anthracycline followed by Toripalimab combined with nab-paclitaxel in patients with stage IIA-IIIC triple negative breast cancer (NeoTENNIS): efficacy and safety results of a phase II study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-03-05.
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Su, Guan-Hua, Yi Xiao, Chao You, Ren-Cheng Zheng, Shen Zhao, He Wang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Ya-Jia Gu, and Zhi-Ming Shao. "Abstract PO1-07-11: Radiogenomic-based imaging intratumor heterogeneity model predicts breast cancer prognosis and unveils therapeutic targets." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–07–11—PO1–07–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-07-11.
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Abstract Background: Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) refers to variations observed among cancer cells within a single tumor, posing significant challenges in clinical practice due to its contribution to treatment resistance and unfavorable outcome. However, the inconvenience of multi-region biopsy and limitations of genomic sequencing based on limited tissue impede the practical detection of ITH. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a non-invasive method that comprehensively captures ITH from a holistic perspective of the entire tumor. Methods: We utilized a large multicenter dataset comprising dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images from breast cancer patients (n = 1423) along with matched multiomics data (n = 468) to develop a non-invasive machine learning approach for measuring ITH. We extracted quantitative radiomic features from both the entire tumor and peritumor regions, with a specific focus on features associated with imaging heterogeneity. Using these radiomic features, we established an imaging ITH (IITH) model. The robustness of IITH evaluation was determined by assessing its correlation with genomic ITH (employing the mutant-allele tumor heterogeneity [MATH] algorithm) and pathological cellular ITH (analyzing variation in quantitative nuclear features extracted through digital pathology). Prognostic power was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses. Integrated multiomics analyses were performed to investigate the molecular basis of different IITH subgroups. Results: We developed a non-invasive radiomic signature to quantify imaging ITH (IITH) in the FUSCC cohort. Breast cancer patients were retrospectively categorized into high and low IITH groups. Multivariate Cox analysis identified high IITH as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, even after adjusting for clinical risk factors such as tumor size, positive lymph nodes, clinical subtype and lymphovascular invasion status. These findings were further validated in the DUKE cohort, confirming the prognostic value of IITH. Moreover, we substantiated the robustness of IITH by demonstrating its association with genomic and pathological ITH. Multiomics analysis revealed the activation of oncogenic pathways and metabolic dysregulation in high-IITH tumors. Intriguingly, our investigation also highlighted ferroptosis as a vulnerability and potential therapeutic target in high-IITH tumors, which was further supported by evidence from the TCGA cohort. Conclusion: Radiomic-based assessment of ITH provides a non-invasive approach to comprehensively capture ITH and predict the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Targeting ferroptosis may hold promise as a treatment strategy for patients with high IITH. Citation Format: Guan-Hua Su, Yi Xiao, Chao You, Ren-Cheng Zheng, Shen Zhao, He Wang, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Ya-Jia Gu, Zhi-Ming Shao. Radiogenomic-based imaging intratumor heterogeneity model predicts breast cancer prognosis and unveils therapeutic targets [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-07-11.
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Shia, Chi-Sheng, Shih-Ni Wen, Ren-Yu Hsu, Jyy-Shiuan Tu, Hui-Wen Chang, Wan-Fen Li, and Ming-Tain Lai. "Abstract 7179: OBI-992, a novel TROP2 targeting antibody drug conjugate demonstrates superior in vivo PK/PD properties and a favorable safety profile." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 7179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-7179.
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Abstract Background: TROP2 targeting antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) have demonstrated promising clinical responses for the treatment of various solid tumors. However, these ADCs still exhibit serious safety issues, such as hematologic toxicities and interstitial lung disease. OBI-992, a novel TROP2 targeting ADC, which is derived from the conjugation of an anti-TROP2 antibody with a topoisomerase I inhibitor, exatecan, via an enzyme-cleavable linker. OBI-992 is designed to have high serum stability and broad therapeutic index. Herein, we describe the results from preclinical studies of OBI-992, including in vitro and in vivo stability, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) profile, and safety evaluation. Material and Methods: To characterize OBI-992, the linker stability was evaluated by ex vivo serum stability and rat PK studies. PK/PD properties, including systemic and tumor exposures as well as receptor occupancy, were evaluated in a human lung cancer xenograft model. In vitro toxicity testing, including ADC toxicity on differentiating neutrophils and FcγR mediated toxicity, was evaluated using human monocyte THP-1 cells. A 6-week repeat dose toxicity study in cynomolgus monkeys was conducted to evaluate the safety and toxicokinetics of OBI-992. Results: Ex vivo serum stability demonstrated that OBI-992 exhibited better linker stability than the benchmark datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd). In vivo PK evaluation in rats showed that OBI-992 had lower Cmax and AUC of free payload than Dato-DXd, indicating a better PK profile of OBI-992 in rats. A PK/PD study in tumor-bearing mice revealed that OBI-992 exhibited higher tumor exposure of free payload than Dato-DXd, resulting in a better antitumor efficacy. In addition, the antitumor effect positively correlated with percentage of receptor occupancy in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro cytotoxicity testing demonstrated that OBI-992 had lower toxicity in differentiating neutrophils and THP-1 cells compared to Dato-DXd, suggesting that OBI-992 may cause less off-target toxicity. Toxicokinetics of OBI-992 in cynomolgus monkeys revealed that the systemic exposure of ADC was similar to that of total antibody. Furthermore, the systemic exposure of ADC and total antibody were found to increase in a dose-proportional manner. Major toxicities in monkeys were target-related skin lesions. The highest non-severely toxic dose (HNSTD) was determined to be 60 mg/kg. Conclusions: OBI-992 exhibits remarkable antitumor efficacy and a favorable safety profile, supporting further clinical development of OBI-992 in TROP2 positive cancers. Citation Format: Chi-Sheng Shia, Shih-Ni Wen, Ren-Yu Hsu, Jyy-Shiuan Tu, Hui-Wen Chang, Wan-Fen Li, Ming-Tain Lai. OBI-992, a novel TROP2 targeting antibody drug conjugate demonstrates superior in vivo PK/PD properties and a favorable safety profile [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7179.
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Lin, Sheng, Min Zhang, Xi Cheng, Shaobo Zhao, Lei Shi, and Hai Wang. "Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection Using Spatial–Spectral-Based Union Dictionary and Improved Saliency Weight." Remote Sensing 15, no. 14 (July 19, 2023): 3609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15143609.
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Hyperspectral anomaly detection (HAD), which is widely used in military and civilian fields, aims to detect the pixels with large spectral deviation from the background. Recently, collaborative representation using union dictionary (CRUD) was proved to be effective for achieving HAD. However, the existing CRUD detectors generally only use the spatial or spectral information to construct the union dictionary (UD), which possibly causes a suboptimal performance and may be hard to use in actual scenarios. Additionally, the anomalies are treated as salient relative to the background in a hyperspectral image (HSI). In this article, a HAD method using spatial–spectral-based UD and improved saliency weight (SSUD-ISW) is proposed. To construct robust UD for each testing pixel, a spatial-based detector, a spectral-based detector and superpixel segmentation are jointly considered to yield the background set and anomaly set, which provides pure and representative pixels to form a robust UD. Differently from the conventional operation that uses the dual windows to construct the background dictionary in the local region and employs the RX detector to construct the anomaly dictionary in a global scope, we developed a robust UD construction strategy in a nonglobal range by sifting the pixels closest to the testing pixel from the background set and anomaly set to form the UD. With a preconstructed UD, a CRUD is performed, and the product of the anomaly dictionary and corresponding representation coefficient is explored to yield the response map. Moreover, an improved saliency weight is proposed to fully mine the saliency characteristic of the anomalies. To further improve the performance, the response map and saliency weight are combined with a nonlinear fusion strategy. Extensive experiments performed on five datasets (i.e., Salinas, Texas Coast, Gainesville, San Diego and SpecTIR datasets) demonstrate that the proposed SSUD-ISW detector achieves the satisfactory AUCdf values (i.e., 0.9988, 0.9986, 0.9939, 0.9945 and 0.9997), as compared to the comparative detectors whose best AUCdf values are 0.9938, 0.9956, 0.9833, 0.9919 and 0.9991.
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汪一舟, 汪一舟. "美人移動，江南到江戶：狩野探幽對中國仕女圖的傳移模寫." 中正漢學研究 37, no. 37 (June 2021): 075–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/2306036020210600370003.
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<p>明代中國繪畫傳至日本，成為江戶時代重要的創作素材。江戶早期狩野派畫家狩野探幽經多年蒐集和摹寫，繪製了大量以中國古畫為主的縮小摹本，稱作「探幽縮圖」。用於繪畫素材、鑑定筆記及門派傳承等，影響深遠。中國女性是其中重要題材。基於皆川三知關於「縮圖」中多於107幅「唐美人」圖的統計，本文從中日跨文化角度探討「縮圖」中國仕女圖的摹寫方法、來源和運用，並試論日本江戶時代對中國女性題材繪畫及其作偽的受容。發現「縮圖」多擅仕女畫的明代蘇州「吳門」畫家唐寅、仇英款，也有不長於仕女題材的江南名家如元代趙孟頫、趙雍，指出「蘇州片」為其重要來源。再以耕織圖、西王母圖為案例，探討了跨文化背景下中國女性圖像雜糅及重新詮釋問題。</p> <p> </p><p>"During the Ming dynasty, Chinese paintings were transmitted to Japan and became an essential visual source for Japanese paintings of the Edo period (1615-1867). Kanō Tan’yū (1602-1674), a leading artist of the early Edo Kanō School, spent his lifetime copying numerous earlier Chinese paintings, as well as some Japanese and Korean works. He left thousands of small-sized sketches, called Tan’yū Shukuzu [Tan’yū’s Small Sketches], leaving a lasting impact on the Japanese painting realm. They were made for multiple purposes, as painting models, authentication notes, teaching materials, and a symbol of a painter’s status. Sanko Minagawa’s research survey indicates the existence of more than 107 sketches of Chinese female images, as one of the major subjects, in Tan’yū Shukuzu. </p> <p> This paper focuses on Tan’yū’s copies of Chinese female-figure paintings (often called tobijinzu, “pictures of Chinese beauties,” in Japanese) that were largely overlapped with while beyond the scope of the shinü tu or meiren hua genre (paintings of beautiful ladies) in Chinese art. It discusses the reproduction mechanism of Shukuzu in comparison with the Chinese fenben practice. It also examines the attributed Chinese artists’ signatures copied by Tan’yū in Shukuzu, e.g., Qiu Ying and Tang Yin (famed for beautiful women paintings), Zhao Mengfu and Zhao Yong (no extant authentic female-figure paintings), and it identifies the late Ming Suzhou Pian workshop as an important original Chinese source. It provides a fresh angle to approach the perception of Chinese “forgery” paintings and the long-term use of Shukuzu in re-making and reinterpreting Chinese paintings in Edo Japan from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century. Through two case studies from a transcultural perspective, it shows the combination of two Chinese pictorial systems, gengzhi tu (Pictures of Tilling and Weaving) and shinü tu, in a Kanō School scroll; and the transformation of the Queen Mother of the West, from a powerful female Daoist immortal signified by peaches of immortality to a secularized beautiful lady holding peach blossoms, in Kanō School paintings. </p> <p> </p>
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Holloway, A., S. Y. Lee, E. Nikiphorou, I. Parodis, N. Ravichandran, J. Day, M. Joshi, et al. "AB0522 EVALUATING GLOBAL PATTERNS IN TREATMENT AND PREVALENCE OF COMORBIDITIES IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 1456.2–1458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.3981.
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BackgroundRegional disparities in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are frequently described. Governance, funding, logistic barriers, and physician choice may be important determinants though scarce data from underrepresented regions limits our understanding.ObjectivesTo evaluate global patterns in treatment of SLE and identify the prevalence of comorbidities.MethodsWe identified SLE patients from the COVAD 2 database, consisting of over 20,000 respondents worldwide. Healthy controls (HC) were included to assess population comorbidity levels. Demographics, treatment i.e., corticosteroids (CS), antimalarials, immunosuppressants (IS), cyclophosphamide and biologics plus comorbidity data was recorded. Country Human Development Index (HDI) classification, a composite index formulated by the United Nations to rank countries into tiers of development, was utilised.Results3323 HCs and 1167 SLE patients were included in analysis. Patients from low/medium HDI (lmHDI) countries were younger than those from high/very high HDI (hvhHDI) countries (median age 32, IQR 27-41 vs 41, IQR 32-52 years, p<0.0001). Disease duration was shorter in lmHDI countries (median 5, IQR 3-10 vs 10, IQR 5-19 years, p<0.0001).A higher proportion of SLE patients from lmHDI countries were on CS (73% vs 59%, p=0.0002), antimalarials (81% vs 68%, p=0.0002) and IS (66% vs 53%, p=0.0009) compared with patients from hvhHDI countries. Choice of IS varied with azathioprine prescribed more frequently in lmHDI countries (p=0.049). Biologics use was more common in hvhHDI countries (7% vs 2%, p=0.0055). Comorbidity prevalence was similar between groups, however when adjusted for age, patients with chronic kidney disease were significantly younger in lmHDI countries (36.67 vs 44.64 years, p=0.015), as were patients with coronary artery disease (35.7 vs. 44.6 years, p=0.015) and hypertension (41.5 vs 49.8 years, p=0.003). Results are detailed in Table 1.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the largest study evaluating treatment and comorbidity incidence in SLE populations based on country HDI. We identified striking differences in pharmacological management globally. Cardiovascular comorbidities were seen in younger patients and earlier in the disease course in lmHDI countries, suggestive of premature organ damage. This could be due to limited global access to high-cost medication and increasing access may improve outcomes. Our results call for review of cardiovascular risk guidelines and regional approaches to preventive action as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of patients with established cardiovascular comorbidity.Table 1Low HDI (n=50)Medium HDI (n=163)High HDI (n=265)Very High HDI (n=689)All SLE Patients (n=1167)p value (SLE lmHDI vs hvhHDI)Immunosuppressants, n (%)36 (72)104 (64)169 (64)339 (49)648 (56)0.0009***Methotrexate, n (%)5 (10)27 (17)35 (13)91 (13)158 (14)nsMycophenolate Mofetil, n (%)9 (18)45 (28)70 (26)127 (18)251 (22)nsAzathioprine, n (%)21 (42)32 (20)65 (25)113 (16)231 (20)0.049*Cyclophosphamide, n (%)0 (0)3 (2)2 (1)9 (1)14 (1)nsCorticosteroids, n (%)37 (74)119 (73)159 (60)404 (59)719 (62)0.0002***No Steroids, n (%)7 (14)20 (12)50 (19)92 (13)169 (15)ns<10 mg/day, n (%)17 (34)58 (36)89 (34)184 (27)348 (30)0.057 (ns)10-20 mg/day, n (%)9 (18)19 (12)20 (8)47 (7)95 (8)0.003**>20 mg/day, n (%)3 (6)7 (4)10 (4)16 (2)36 (3)nsAntimalarials, n (%)40 (80)133 (82)182 (69)469 (68)824 (71)0.0002***Biological treatments, n (%)1 (2)3 (2)19 (7)48 (7)71 (6)0.005**ComorbiditiesSLEHCSLEHCSLEHCSLEHCSLEHCChronic Kidney Disease, n (%)5*(10)0 (0)13*(8)7 (0.8)31*(12)5 (0.4)76*(11)4 (0.4)125*(11)16 (0.5)NsCoronary Heart disease, n (%)1 (2)1 (0.5)2 (1)8 (0.9)11* (4)6 (0.4)15 (2)15 (1.6)29* (2)30 (1)NsDiabetes, n (%)2 (4)11 (0.5)4 (2)51 (5.5)7 (3)33 (3)28 (4)29 (3)41 (4)124 (4)NsHypercholesterolaemia, n (%)2 (4)5 (2)6 (4)48 (5)17 (6)91 (7)75 (11)77 (8)100*(9)221 (7)0.0055**Hypertension, n (%)8 (16)28 (13)24 (15)95 (10)37*(14)122 (10)122* (18)77 (8)191 (16)212 (6)NsREFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsAmelia Holloway: None declared, Sook Yan Lee: None declared, Elena Nikiphorou Speakers bureau: Celltrion, Pfizer, Sanofi, Gilead, Galapagos, AbbVie, and Lilly, Paid instructor for: Celltrion, Pfizer, Sanofi, Gilead, Galapagos, AbbVie, and Lilly, Grant/research support from: Pfizer and Lill, Ioannis Parodis Grant/research support from: has received research funding and/or honoraria from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Aurinia Pharmaceuticals, Elli Lilly and Company, Gilead Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Novartis and F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG., Naveen Ravichandran: None declared, Jessica Day Grant/research support from: has received research funding from CSL Limited, Mrudula Joshi: None declared, Sreoshy Saha: None declared, Syahrul Sazliyana Shaharir: None declared, Wanruchada Katchamart: None declared, Phonpen Akarawatcharangura Goo: None declared, Lisa Traboco: None declared, Yi-Ming Chen: None declared, Parikshit Sen: None declared, James B. Lilleker Speakers bureau: has received speaker honoraria/participated in advisory boards for Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, and Biogen. None is related to this manuscript., Consultant of: has received speaker honoraria/participated in advisory boards for Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, and Biogen. None is related to this manuscript., Arvind Nune: None declared, John Pauling: None declared, Ai Lyn Tan Speakers bureau: has received honoraria for advisory boards and speaking for Abbvie, Gilead, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB., Nelly Ziade Speakers bureau: has received speaker fees, advisory board fees, and research grants from Pfizer, Roche, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, NewBridge, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and Pierre Fabre; none are related to this manuscript., Consultant of: has received speaker fees, advisory board fees, and research grants from Pfizer, Roche, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, NewBridge, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and Pierre Fabre; none are related to this manuscript., Grant/research support from: has received speaker fees, advisory board fees, and research grants from Pfizer, Roche, Abbvie, Eli Lilly, NewBridge, Sanofi-Aventis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, and Pierre Fabre; none are related to this manuscript., Marcin Milchert: None declared, Abraham Edgar Gracia-Ramos: None declared, Carlo Vinicio Caballero: None declared, Vikas Agarwal: None declared, Rohit Aggarwal Consultant of: Mallinckrodt, Octapharma, CSL Behring, Bristol Myers-Squibb, EMD Serono, Q32, Kezar, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Alexion, Argenx, Boehringer Ingelheim (BI), Corbus, Janssen, Kyverna, Roivant, Merck, Galapagos, Actigraph, Scipher, Horizon Therapeutics, Teva, Beigene, ANI Pharmaceuticals, Biogen, Nuvig, Capella Bioscience, CabalettaBio, Grant/research support from: Mallinckrodt, Pfizer, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Q32, EMD Serono, Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim (BI), Latika Gupta: None declared, Chris Wincup: None declared.
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Liu, Yin, Wen-Jia Zuo, Ruo-Xi Wang, Zhong-Hua Wang, and Zhi-Ming Shao. "Abstract P1-11-20: Trastuzumab (HLX02) plus Pertuzumab as Dual-target Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-positive Breast Cancer: A Real-World Study." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P1–11–20—P1–11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p1-11-20.
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Abstract Background: The effect of neoadjuvant therapy on tumor downstaging and breast-conserving during surgery is well documented. Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant treatment was associated with long-term survival. HLX02 (Zercepac®), a biosimilar of trastuzumab, showed the same efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity as the reference drug in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive patients. Despite this, real-world evidence of its effectiveness when combined with pertuzumab in neoadjuvant treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer still lacks. Methods: In this retrospective real-world study, women with confirmed invasive HER2-positive breast cancer who have received chemotherapy plus HLX02 and pertuzumab (Perjeta®) as neoadjuvant therapy were enrolled. Patients must be over 18 years old, have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score of 0 or 1, and have a baseline left ventricular ejection fraction of ≥ 55%. Patients without pathological assessment after neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was defined as no residual invasive tumors in mammary glands and axillary lymph nodes. Clinical response was assessed using RECIST1.1. To investigate the factors associated with pCR, univariate and multivariate logistic regression (forward stepwise) analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 85 patients were enrolled in this study, and 55 patients (64.71%) achieved pCR after neoadjuvant therapy. There were 84 (98.82%) patients with partial response (PR), one (1.18%) patient with stable disease (SD). According to the univariable analysis, when compared to those with a tumor diameter ≤ 5 cm, patients with a tumor diameter > 5 cm at baseline showed a lower pCR rate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.286; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.108-0.758, P = 0.01). Patients with preoperative PR positivity > 10% showed lower pCR rate than those with preoperative PR positivity < 1% (OR = 0.115, 95% CI 0.036-0.372, P = 0.02). Besides, pCR was more common in patients with preoperative hormone receptor (HR)-negative than in those with preoperative HR-positive (ER or PR positivity > 10%) (OR = 4.452, 95% CI 1.679-11.804, P < 0.01). Multivariable analyses showed that patients with tumor diameter > 5 cm had a lower pCR rate than those with tumor diameter ≤ 5cm (OR = 0.213; 95% CI 0.070-0.644, P = 0.01). Patients with preoperative HR-negative tumors were more likely to achieve pCR than those with preoperative HR-positive tumors (OR =5.649, 95% CI 1.927-16.556, P < 0.01) (Table 1). The treatment were well tolerated by patients, and no additional adverse events were reported. Conclusion: According to this real-world study, HLX02 in combination with pertuzumab as neoadjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer patients showed a similar pCR rate to that of dual-target neoadjuvant therapy reported in previous clinical trials. The treatment showed an encouraging effectiveness, and may become a novel neoadjuvant option for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. The study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (21ZR1414700). Table 1. Logistic regression for pCR. Citation Format: Yin Liu, Wen-Jia Zuo, Ruo-Xi Wang, Zhong-Hua Wang, Zhi-Ming Shao. Trastuzumab (HLX02) plus Pertuzumab as Dual-target Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-positive Breast Cancer: A Real-World Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-20.
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Ji, Yinghua, Honglan Qu, Feidu Zhou, Juan Wang, Qianfu Wu, Guohua Dai, Mengyou Liu, et al. "Abstract PO2-16-08: Adjuvant Treatment Selection for County-Level Patients with HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer in a Real-Life Setting in China." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO2–16–08—PO2–16–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po2-16-08.
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Abstract Background: CHASE001 (NCT05544123), a prospective, non-interventional multicenter study exploring real-world treatment and referral behavior of Chinese county patients (pts) with HER2+ or HR+/HER2– breast cancer is ongoing since September 2022. A prespecified interim analysis (IA) on 750 HER2+ and HR+/HER2- early breast cancer (eBC) was reported at the ESMO Congress 2023. In the 2nd IA from CHASE001, adjuvant treatment selection for patients with HR+/HER2- eBC will be evaluated. Methods: The study was designed to enroll 2500 pts, including four cohorts (HER2+ eBC, HR+/HER2-eBC, HER2+ advanced BC, and HR+/HER2- aBC). In this IA, HR+/HER2- eBC pts after surgery were included. Descriptive statistics reported patient demographics, clinical and disease characteristics and treatment patterns. To investigate the factors associated with chemotherapy-free regimen, non-anthracycline chemotherapy regimen and ovarian function suppression (OFS), univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: At data cutoff (May 17, 2023), 697 HR+/HER2- eBC pts (median age 52 years, 45.77% pT2, 50.93% pN0, 56.10% G2) were included from 26 institutions in China county areas, 338 (48.49%) were premenopausal. 584 (83.79%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, with a few (47/584, 8.05%) initially developing their treatment plan at a higher level hospital (national or provincial tertiary hospital). AC-T (309/584, 52.91%) was the most commonly used regimen. 181 (30.99%) pts received non-anthracycline chemotherapy regimen (mainly TC), and pts with N0, age≥65 years and ki67 < 20% had the strongest association to this regimen (multivariate OR=0.082, 95%CI [0.037,0.179], OR=0.463, 95%CI [0.250,0.859], and OR=0.642, 95%CI [0.418,0.985], respectively). Interestingly, on univariate analysis pts initially diagnosed in a higher level hospital were significantly associated with non-anthracycline regimen (P=0.0109), however on multivariate analysis it was no longer significant. 483 pts received endocrine therapy, including 234 (48.45%) premenopausal pts. The most commonly used endocrine regimen for premenopausal pts was OFS/OFS+ (122/234, 52.14%) ,of which half (61, 50%) were prescribed OFS+TAM/TOR; followed by TAM/TOR monotherapy (69/234, 29.49%). The proportions of patients classified as low, intermediate, and high clinical risk for recurrence (investigator assessed)were 33.62%, 42.67% and 23.71%. The OFS rate were 39.74% in low, 61.62% in intermediate and 70.91% in high risk pts, respectively. Multivariable analyses found that high clinical risk, age < 45 years and ki67 < 20% were strongly associated with the use of OFS (OR=0.210, 95%CI [0.066,0.674], OR=0.327, 95%CI [0.165,0.649], and OR=0.405, 95%CI [0.194,0.845], respectively). For postmenopausal pts, AI monotherapy (84.74%) was the most commonly used endocrine regimen. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first real-world study evaluating the treatment patterns and referral behavior of BC pts in China counties. The 2nd IA results presented showed the current systemic adjuvant treatment preferences and influence factors from a large sample of HR+/HER2- eBC pts in China counties, which were generally consistent with China BC treatment guidelines. Table 1. Utilization of adjuvant systemic therapy regimens in 697 HR+/HER2− eBC pts, China counties AC-T: (dd)doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, followed by (dd)paclitaxel/docetaxel; TC: paclitaxel/docetaxel, cyclophosphamide; AC: doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide; TAC: docetaxel, doxorubicin/epirubicin, cyclophosphamide; TAM: tamoxifen; OFS: ovarian function suppression; AI: aromatase inhibitors; TOR: toremifene; CDK4/6i: cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors; “Other” category includes various therapies used in <1% of patients each Citation Format: Yinghua Ji, Honglan Qu, Feidu Zhou, Juan Wang, Qianfu Wu, Guohua Dai, Mengyou Liu, Wenbo He, Wei Liang, Qiuli Meng, Yun Ren, Guoxiang Luo, Hongjian Wang, Hui Liu, Zien Qin, Yingguo Tian, Huali Tang, Hongmei Liu, Jun Luo, Zengfeng Yu, Guinv Hu, Jianzhi Gao, Xiang Tan, Yi Liu, Yuanjiang Zhang, Ming Wang, Min Zhang, Ping Lu. Adjuvant Treatment Selection for County-Level Patients with HR+/HER2- Early Breast Cancer in a Real-Life Setting in China [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-16-08.
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Nguyen, Sang Minh, Huong T. Tran, Jirong Long, Martha J. Shrubsole, Hui Cai, Yaohua Yang, Thuan V. Tran, Wei Zheng, and Xiao-Ou Shu. "Abstract 751: Gut microbiome and breast cancer: Report from a case-control study in Vietnam." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-751.
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Abstract The importance of gut microbiome on human health is being increasingly recognized. The gut microbiota may play a critical role in breast cancer etiology, likely through the roles of the gut microbiota in estrogen and nutrient metabolism as well as in immune regulation. However, evidence on associations between breast cancer and gut microbiota is limited and inconsistent. Using resources from the Vietnamese Breast Cancer Case-Control Study (VBCS), we evaluated differences in gut microbiome profiles between women with breast cancer and healthy women. Pre-treatment tool samples of 162 incident breast cancer cases (age: 50.0±9.5) and stool samples of 370 age-matched controls (age: 49.7±9.0) were included in the study. The gut microbiome was measured using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Differences in gut microbiome α-diversity and β-diversity between breast cancer patients and healthy controls were evaluated via linear regression models and PERMANOVA testing, respectively. Case-control differences in gut microbial taxa abundance were assessed through the differential abundance analysis with adjustment for potential confounders, including age, income levels, residence, menopausal status, reproductive factors, body mass index, comorbidity, dietary intake, and physical activity. An association with a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.1 was considered statistically significant. No significant difference between breast cancer patients and healthy controls was observed for α- and β-diversities. A total of 2,905 gut microbial taxa were evaluated. Among them, significant case-control differences were found in the abundance of one phylum, two classes, four orders, three families, four gena, and 67 species (all p<0.05 and FDR <0.1). Compared to healthy controls, breast cancer patients had a decreased abundance of species Pauljensenia keddieii, Bifidobacterium bifidum (phylum Actinobacteriota), Clostridium Q symbiosum, Faecalicatena fissicatena, Massilioclostridium methylpentosum, Parvimonas micra (phylum Firmicutes A), Leptotrichia wadei (phylum Fusobacteriota), Enterococcus D gallinarum, Lactobacillus H fermentum, Gemella haemolysans B, genus Streptococcus and its 24 species such as S. anginosus C, S. constellatus, S. equinus, S. infantis I, S. mitis, S. oralis, S. pseudopneumoniae O (phylum Firmicutes) (all p<0.05 and FDR <0.1). The species Clostridium Q symbiosum showed the strongest association, with a log2 fold-change (SE) of -2.02 (0.45), p=7.35 × 10−6; FDR=0.006. Additionally, breast cancer patients had an increased abundance of three species belonging to the phylum Firmicutes A including MGYG-HGUT-03165, MGYG-HGUT-04111, and MGYG-HGUT-00903, compared to healthy controls (p<0.05 and FDR <0.1). These results suggest that the gut microbiome of breast cancer differs from that of control women. Additional analyses are ongoing to reveal the biological underpinning of the observed associations. Citation Format: Sang Minh Nguyen, Huong T. Tran, Jirong Long, Martha J. Shrubsole, Hui Cai, Yaohua Yang, Thuan V. Tran, Wei Zheng, Xiao-Ou Shu. Gut microbiome and breast cancer: Report from a case-control study in Vietnam [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 751.
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Wu, Song-Yang, Xi Jin, Yin Liu, Wen-Jia Zuo, Li Chen, Xiyu Liu, Lei Fan, et al. "Abstract PO1-14-07: Programme of mast cell subsets to potentiate breast cancer immunotherapy: from bed to bench to bed (the phase 2 platform RENAISSANCE trial)." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (May 2, 2024): PO1–14–07—PO1–14–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po1-14-07.
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Abstract Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have heralded a new era in breast cancer treatment; however, response rates remain limited, making precision immune-oncology a major unmet need. In addition to T cells, effective immune responses to ICIs rely on coordinated interactions between innate and adaptive immune cells. Mast cells are evolutionarily conserved, tissue-resident cells of importance to human health. Specific subsets of mast cells might be endowed with opposite roles in cancer treatment, yet the extent of mast cell heterogeneity and its clinical merit in immunotherapy remain undefined. Objective: We sought to comprehensively characterize mast cells in breast cancer, investigate their association with immunotherapy response with in-depth mechanistic insights, and identify actionable strategies to modulate mast cell functional states, thereby optimizing immunotherapy efficacy. Methods: We employed single-cell profiling on longitudinal breast cancer samples from three independent clinical trials (NCT04613674, NCT03197389 and GSE169246) to delineate mast cell heterogeneity in anti-PD-(L)1 therapy. By integrating multi-omic analyses, tissue characterization, preclinical experiments, transgenic mice, and high-throughput drug screening, we outlined the molecular features, underlying mechanisms, and clinical relevance of distinct mast cells to elicit ICI-responsive microenvironments. Subsequently, we launched RENAISSANCE (NCT05076682), a proof-of-concept, Bayesian adaptive, phase 2 platform trial, to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combining mast cell therapeutics with anti-PD-1 backbone therapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients who progressed after immunotherapy. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR) assessed using RECIST v1.1 criteria. Results: We identified a distinct population of mast cells termed antigen-presenting mast cells (APMCs), constituting approximately 30% of intratumoral mast cells and correlating with improved clinical benefit of anti-PD-(L)1 therapy in TNBC. APMCs displayed MHC-II and costimulatory molecules, and indicated the presence of tumor-reactive T cells and tertiary lymphoid structures. Using three immunocompetent mouse models, we confirmed the immunomodulatory capacity of APMCs in immunotherapy. Mechanistically, by employing Cpa3CreERT2Cd74fl/fl mice, we demonstrated that APMCs potentiate anti-PD-1 efficacy and antitumor T cell immunity through their antigen-presentation machinery. Interestingly, we identified cromolyn, an FDA-approved drug for allergy, as a potential therapeutic agent that elicited APMC-dependent CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity to synergize with anti-PD-1 therapy. Between February 2022 and March 2023, 10 patients with immunotherapy-refractory metastatic TNBC were enrolled to receive cromolyn plus camrelizumab backbone treatment. Given Bayesian predictive probability, this arm was “graduated” due to meeting the pre-specified efficacy boundary, with an ORR of 40.0% (4/10). The treatment was well tolerated with similar safety profiles of relevant drugs. Conclusions: Our findings provide crucial insights into the impact of mast cell heterogeneity on the clinical response to ICIs at a single-cell level, and pave the way for APMC-directed therapeutic interventions in cancer treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study in breast cancer of cromolyn plus anti-PD-1 backbone regimen after anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy failure, demonstrating significant antitumor activity and commendable tolerability. Consequently, we suggest a phase 3 randomized study to consolidate this finding, which might be an effective treatment in patients for whom there are few effective treatment options. Citation Format: Song-Yang Wu, Xi Jin, Yin Liu, Wen-Jia Zuo, Li Chen, Xiyu Liu, Lei Fan, Zhong-Hua Wang, Yan-Fei Liu, Yi-Zhou Jiang, Zhi-Ming Shao. Programme of mast cell subsets to potentiate breast cancer immunotherapy: from bed to bench to bed (the phase 2 platform RENAISSANCE trial) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO1-14-07.
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Hung, Tran Trong, Tran Anh Tu, Dang Thuong Huyen, and Marc Desmet. "Presence of trace elements in sediment of Can Gio mangrove forest, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13543.
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Can Gio mangrove forest (CGM) is located downstream of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), situated between an estuarine system of Dong Nai - Sai Gon river and a part of Vam Co river. The CGM is the largest restored mangrove forest in Vietnam and the UNESCO’s Mangrove Biosphere Reserve. The CGM has been gradually facing to numeric challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation and socio-economic development for the last decades. To evaluate sediment quality in the CGM, we collected 13 cores to analyze for sediment grain size, organic matter content, and trace element concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn. Results showed that trace element concentrations ranged from uncontaminated (Cd, Cu, and Zn) to very minor contaminated (Cr, Ni, and Pb). The concentrations were gradually influenced by suspended particle size and the mangrove plants.ReferencesAnh M.T., Chi D.H., Vinh N.N., Loan T.T., Triet L.M., Slootenb K.B.-V., Tarradellas J., 2003. 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Li, Pei, Wei-Ru Chi, Bingqiu Xiu, Qi Zhang, Liyi Zhang, Ming Chen, Jingyan Xue, Xiaoyan Huang, Yayun Chi, and Jiong Wu. "Abstract P5-02-41: UBE2E3 promotes the progression of HER2-positive breast cancer and influences the efficacy of targeted therapy via EGFR stabilization." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): P5–02–41—P5–02–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p5-02-41.
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Abstract Background: In the past 20 years, the efficacy and prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer have significantly improved. However, nearly 50% of patients still have residual invasive tumors after chemotherapy combined with dual-targeted neoadjuvant therapy, especially for those with disease progression during treatment. A lack of effective therapeutic regimens results from the failure of targeted therapy, whose heterogeneity is especially worthy of our attention. The aim of this study was to look for efficacy markers and investigate new drug-resistance mechanisms. Methods: Firstly, the high-throughput sequencing data from 81 patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy TCbH (paclitaxel + carboplatin + trastuzumab) was analyzed by the efficacy outcomes. They were divided into 8 patients with stable or progressive disease (SD/PD), 35 with partial response (PR), and 38 with pathological complete remission (pCR). Then, UBE2E3 was chosen from the different expression genes between SD/PD and pCR based on efficacy results and the weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA). UBE2E3 clinical correlations were investigated using publicly available data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC), and UBE2E3 was validated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 200 HER2-positive breast cancer tissue chips. Further, the UBE2E3 knockdown and overexpression stable transfer cell lines were constructed, and the effects of UBE2E3 on cell proliferation, clone formation, and drug sensitivity were verified by live cell imaging, the CCK8 assay, plate cloning, and IC50 assays, respectively. The tumor growth of UBE2E3 in vivo was investigated by an in situ transplantation tumor assay in nude mice. Meanwhile, the p-RB assay of mouse tissues by IHC was used to explore the effect of UBE2E3 on cell proliferation. RNA-seq was used to screen the downstream molecules of UBE2E3. Western blotting was used to verify the results of bioinformatics analysis and to explore the downstream key molecules. The protease inhibitor MG132 and actinomycin CHX were used to look at the effect on the stability of the target protein. Immunoprecipitation and silver staining assays were used to find interacting proteins with the UBE2E3. Results: Ten hub-genes which were efficacy-related were identified by WGCNA analysis, in which UBE2E3 was highly expressed in the SD/PD group (p < 0.05). In HER2-positive breast cancer, high expression of UBE2E3 was associated with poor prognosis and decreased disease-free survival both in public data and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) data [HR 2. 36, (1.25–4.47), p < 0.05]. The experimental results demonstrated that UBE2E3 promoted the proliferation of HER2-positive breast cancer cells, enhanced clone formation, and resisted lapatinib’s treatment in cellular phenotype; and that UBE2E3 promoted tumor growth in vivo and upregulated the expression of p-RB. The differentially expressed genes’ sets of the RNA-seq between overexpressed cell lines and control showed that overexpressing UBE2E3 activated the EGFR pathway. Further, an immunoblot assay confirmed that UBE2E3 positively regulated EGFR levels and activated the downstream MAPK pathway. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 and CHX assays showed that UBE2E3 could stabilize EGFR proteins. The co-immunoprecipitation and silver staining assays showed that UBE2E3 stabilized EGFR proteins by interacting with c-Cbl. Conclusion: UBE2E3 could negatively affect the efficacy of HER2-positive breast cancer therapy and is significantly associated with poor prognosis. UBE2E3 may serve as a potential marker of efficacy and prognosis for HER2-positive breast cancer in the future. Therapeutic efficacy is affected by UBE2E3, which binds to c-Cbl and causes upregulation of EGFR expression in vivo, which in turn causes the MAPK pathway to be activated and tumor growth to be pushed up. Citation Format: Pei Li, Wei-Ru Chi, Bingqiu Xiu, Qi Zhang, Liyi Zhang, Ming Chen, Jingyan Xue, Xiaoyan Huang, Yayun Chi, Jiong Wu. UBE2E3 promotes the progression of HER2-positive breast cancer and influences the efficacy of targeted therapy via EGFR stabilization [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-02-41.
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Li, Xingping, Fuyan Chen, Wenqing Wang, Yang Liu, Jiang-Qin Han, Zi Ke, and Hong-Hang Zhu. "Visual analysis of acupuncture point selection patterns and related mechanisms in acupuncture for hypertension." Technology and Health Care, August 31, 2023, 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/thc-230581.
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BACKGROUND: Hypertension has become one of the most pathogenic diseases in the world. OBJECTIVE: This paper summarizes and analyzes the acupuncture point combinations and treatment principles of acupuncture for hypertension in a systematic way by means of big data mining. METHODS: The literature for this paper was obtained from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed and PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Ovid databases. Thedata were collected to obtain combinations of acupoints with strong associations through association rule analysis, complex networks for screening to obtain core acupoint nuclei, and cluster analysis to derive treatment principles. RESULTS: A total of 127 acupuncture prescriptions involving 66 acupoints were included in this study. Tai-chong (LR3), Qu-chi (LI11), Zu-san-li (ST36), Feng-chi (GB20), and He-gu (LI4) were the most commonly used acupoints. The large intestine meridian was the preferred meridian, and most of the extremity acupoints, especially the lower extremities, were selected clinically. The association rule reveals that Qu-chi (LI11) and Zu-san-li (ST36) are the dominant combination acupoints. 3 core association points obtained after complex network analysis, the 1st association, Bai-hui (DU20), Tai-xi (KI3), Gan-shu (BL18), Shen-shu (BL23); The 2nd association, Qu-chi (LI11), He-gu (LI4), San-yin-jiao (SP6), Zu-san-li (ST36), Feng-chi (GB20), Tai-chong (LR3); The 3rd association, Qi-hai (RN6), Guan-yuan (RN4), Zhong-wan (RN12), Zhao-hai (KI6), Tai-yang (EX-HN5), Lie-que (LU7), Yang-ling-quan (GB34), Xing-jian (LR2), Yin-ling-quan (SP9). Cluster analysis yielded the treatment principles of nourishing Yin and submerging Yang, pacifying the liver and submerging Yang, tonifying Qi and Blood, and calming the mind and restoring the pulse, improving clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: By means of big data mining, we can provide reference for acupuncture point grouping and selection for clinical acupuncture treatment of hypertension.
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Nguyen, Quyet Xuan, Trang Sang Thi Pham, Giang Cam Thi Ta, Hoang Phuoc Nguyen, and Tho Thanh Thi Phan. "The intention to work for international shipping businesses in HCMC of HUFI Faculty of Business Administration students." Journal of Development and Integration, no. 70 (June 15, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.61602/jdi.2023.70.16.
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The Labor for the logistics industry in general and for international logistics enterprises in particular increases by about 7.5% each year. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) alone needs about 63,000 workers per year in the period 2021 - 2025, of which more than 8,400 high-quality workers (experts) are needed. However, the reason that hinders the development of the logistics industry, international logistics enterprises in particular is the lack of human resources in both quality and quantity. Research results for students of Faculty of Business Administration (MBA) of University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City (HUFI) show that; Factor Qualification has the strongest impact (with β=0,408); Social and occupational factors (β=0,289); Factors Family and friends (β=0,204) and Business environment factors (β=0,133) both have an influence on the intention to work for international communication enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City of students of Faculty of Business Administration. HUFI. On the basis of practical research, the article has proposed 04 policy implications to enhance the intention to work for logistics enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City of HUFI Faculty of Business Administration students.
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Trang, Nguyễn Thị Quỳnh. "ĐIỀU TRA THỰC TRẠNG SẢN XUẤT VÀ XÂY DỰNG SƠ ĐỒ PHÂN BỐ CÂY SEN (Nelumbo nucifera Gaert.) Ở HUYỆN BÌNH CHÁNH, THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH." Tạp chí Khoa học 20, no. 10 (October 31, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.54607/hcmue.js.20.10.3837(2023).
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Bài báo này trình bày kết quả điều tra thực trạng sản xuất cây sen trồng ở huyện Bình Chánh, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, vụ sen năm 2022. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, huyện Bình Chánh có 3 xã nổi tiếng về trồng sen đó là Xã Bình Lợi, Xã Đa Phước và xã Phong Phú. Tại 3 xã có 17 địa điểm trồng sen với 3 giống sen đang được trồng. Trong đó, giống sen Hồng Quan Âm được trồng phổ biến nhất (58,82%), hai giống sen còn lại là sen Hồng Nhọn và sen Trắng Nhọn, lần lượt chiếm tỷ lệ 23,53% và 17,65%. Tổng diện tích trồng sen tại các điểm điều tra là 24,04 ha, trong đó xã Bình Lợi có 2 giống sen với tổng diện tích trồng lớn nhất (20,29 ha, chiếm tỷ lệ 84,40%), tiếp đến là xã Phong Phú có 3 giống sen (có diện tích 3,7 ha, chiếm tỷ lệ 15,39%), cuối cùng là xã Đa Phước có 1 giống sen (có diện tích 0,05 ha, chiếm tỷ lệ 0,21%). Trong tổng số 24,04 ha được điều tra, diện tích trồng sen trên đất ruộng là 22,59 ha (chiếm tỷ lệ 94,38%), trồng trong hồ là 1,35 ha (chiếm tỷ lệ 5,62%). Về loại hình trồng sen, có 3 mô hình chính: chỉ trồng thuần loại sen, trồng sen kết hợp nuôi cá và trồng sen kết hợp du lịch sinh thái. Dựa trên kết quả thu được từ việc điều tra các địa điểm trồng sen và các giống sen hiện đang được trồng, chúng tôi đã xây dựng được sơ đồ phân bố các giống sen ở 17 địa điểm điều tra ở huyện Bình Chánh, thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, vụ sen năm 2022.
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TRẦN TRÍ DŨNG. "SỰ ỔN ĐỊNH TRONG QUY LUẬT BIẾN THIÊN CỦA MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ KHÍ HẬU Ở ĐỒNG BẰNG NAM BỘ TRONG BỐI CẢNH BIẾN ĐỔI KHÍ HẬU." Journal of Science and Technology - IUH 59, no. 05 (November 25, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.46242/jstiuh.v59i05.4602.
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Nghiên cứu này đánh giá sự biến thiên theo thời gian và trong không gian cho một số yếu tố khí hậu ở hai trạm khí tượng Nhà Bè và Cần Thơ đại diện cho các khu vực của Đồng bằng Nam Bộ. Bởi những yếu tố khí hậu trong giai đoạn 2013-2017 đa số không tuân theo phân bố chuẩn, các kiểm định phi tham số dấu hạng Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis và Dunn với hiệu chỉnh Bonferroni, Mann-Kendal và Sen được sử dụng. Kết quả cho thấy dù sự khác biệt đáng kể trong giá trị của các thông số khí hậu tại hai trạm nêu trên tập trung nhiều hơn vào mùa khô, nhưng độ ẩm tương đối không khí và lượng mưa vẫn duy trì khá rõ sự chuyển mùa (tháng 5 và tháng 12 hàng năm). Sự thay đổi trong độ ẩm trung bình và lượng mưa (tăng), lượng bốc hơi (giảm) có ý nghĩa về mặt thống kê, song nhiệt độ trung bình lại không biến đổi rõ rệt. Kết quả chứng minh sự biến thiên theo mùa vẫn tồn tại khá ổn định ở một số yếu tố khí hậu tại Đồng bằng Nam Bộ.
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Phương, Lê Thị Hồng, Trần Quang Thắng, Hoàng Hải Yến, and Đỗ Thị Hằng. "ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ CÁC GIẢI PHÁP THÍCH ỨNG VỚI BIẾN ĐỔI KHÍ HẬU DỰA VÀO HỆ SINH THÁI (EbA) TRONG LĨNH VỰC NÔNG NGHIỆP TẠI HỆ ĐẦM PHÁ TAM GIANG-CẦU HAI, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ." Hue University Journal of Science: Agriculture and Rural Development 132, no. 3D (December 21, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.26459/hueunijard.v132i3d.7292.
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Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá kết quả các giải pháp thích ứng với biến đổi khí hậu dựa vào hệ sinh thái (EbA) trong lĩnh vực nông nghiệp tại ven đầm phá Tam Giang-Cầu Hai tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Ba phương pháp chính được sử dụng để thu thập thông tin bao gồm: phỏng vấn người am hiểu (n = 10), thảo luận nhóm (n = 4), và phỏng vấn nông hộ (n = 60). Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tại hệ sinh thái (HST) ven đầm phá Tam Giang – Cầu Hai có đa dạng các tiểu vùng HST bao gồm: đầm phá, ven phá, vườn nhà, đồi cát, và nông nghiệp đất cát. 11 EbA được nông hộ xác định đã áp dụng, trong đó EbA trồng rừng ngập mặn, nông lâm kết hợp, chuyển đổi cây trồng chịu hạn trên đất cát, luân canh/xen canh và đa dạng hóa cây trồng là những EbA rất có tiềm năng phát triển; EbA chuyển đổi NTTS thâm canh – xen ghép, chuyển đổi diện tích lúa nhiễm mặn sang trồng sen, đa dạng hóa chăn nuôi, chăn nuôi theo hướng thông minh thích ứng với BĐKH, du lịch cộng đồng đầm phá là những EbA tiềm năng và EbA nuôi cá lồng di chuyển là ít tiềm năng. Trong tương lai rừng ngập mặn, nông lâm kết hợp, chuyển đổi cây trồng phù hợp và điểu chỉnh các hình thức NTTS là những EbA cần được đẩy mạnh và phát triển nhân rộng.
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"Correction to: Cardiac-Specific Expression of ΔH2-R15 Mini-Dystrophin Normalized All Electrocardiogram Abnormalities and the End-Diastolic Volume in a 23-Month-Old Mouse Model of Duchenne Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Wasala NB, Shin J-H, Lai Y, Yue Y, Montanaro F, and Duan D. Hum Gene Ther 2018;29(7):737–748. DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.144." Human Gene Therapy 30, no. 8 (August 2019): 1035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hum.2017.144.correx.
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Song, Lê Thị, Nguyễn Thị Tâm, Lê Tuấn Anh, and Cao Thi Tu Mai. "Nghiên cứu các tác động môi trường khi sử dụng xỉ thép làm vật liệu xây dựng, vật liệu san lấp." Tạp chí Vật liệu & Xây dựng - Bộ Xây dựng 12, no. 01 (February 28, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.54772/jomc.01.2022.254.
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Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu về các quy định, tiêu chuẩn liên quan đến vấn đề môi trường khi sử dụng xỉ thép trên thế giới và tại Việt Nam. Theo đó, các mẫu xỉ thép được xác định thành phần nguy hại, hoạt độ phóng xạ tự nhiên, và nồng độ các kim loại nặng có khả năng rò rỉ trong nước chiết trong phạm vi phòng thí nghiệm. Kết quả thử nghiệm cho thấy xỉ thép không thuộc nhóm chất thải nguy hại theoQCVN 07: 2009/BTNMT – Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia về ngưỡng chất thải nguy hại. Bên cạnh đó, chỉ số hoạt độ phóng xạ an toàn (I) của các mẫu xỉ thép được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu cũng hoàn toàn đáp ứng yêu cầu đề ra theo cả hai tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam “TCXDVN 397:2007- Hoạt độ phóng xạ tự nhiên của vật liệu xây dựng- Mức an toàn trong sử dụng và phương pháp thử” và tiêu chuẩn Phần Lan “STUK ST 12.2/2010 - The Radioactivity of Building materials and ash”. Mặc dù trong xỉ thép có tồn tại một lượng nhỏ các kim loại nặng nhưng nguy cơ rò rỉ các kim loại này khi sử dụng xỉ thép trong thực tế là rất thấp. Để đưa ra được kết luận toàn diện về ảnh hưởng môi trường trong quá trình sử dụng xỉ thép, cần phải thực hiện thêm các thử nghiệm môi trường trong điều kiện thực tế.Tuy nhiên, kết quả nghiên cứu trong phòng thí nghiệm bước đầu đã chứng minh rằng xỉ thép có tiềm năng lớn làm vật liệu xây dựng, vật liệu san lấp với khối lượng lớn mà không có nguy hại tới môi trường xung quanh khu vực sử dụng.
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Bollettin, Paride, and Charbel El-Hani. "O lago Otjikoto e as suas diferentes narrativas." AntHropológicas Visual 9, no. 1 (July 28, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/2526-3781.2023.258107.
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Em janeiro de 2023, no âmbito de atividades do projeto “Educação Intercultural como Diálogo entre Modos de Conhecer e Formas de Conhecimento: Pesquisa Multiestratégica e Colaborativa em Comunidades Tradicionais” (financiado pelo CNPq, Proc. n. 423948/2018-0), realizamos uma viagem de campo à Namíbia. O intuito foi colaborar em estudo conduzido por pesquisadores da Universidade da Namíbia, sob coordenação de Cynthy Haihambo, sobre a evasão escolar de estudantes de diferentes povos San – Hai//om, Ju/hoansi e !Kung – e possiveis transformações na educação dirigida a esses povos, de modo a diminui-la. Em uma das viagens de campo durante essa estadia, duas colegas da Universidade da Namíbia – Cynthy Haihambo e Misitilde Jonas-Iita – e uma mediadora Hai//om – Martha Xoagus, que mobilizava os contatos com as comunidades e lideranças locais no assentamento de Tsintsabis e arredores – nos levaram para conhecer o Sítio de Patrimônio Nacional do Lago Otjikoto, situado próximo à cidade de Tsumeb, na região de Oshiko o, a cerca de 450 quilômetros da capital do país, Windhoek. Este lago sumidouro (ou de dolina) é um dos dois únicos lagos naturais permanentes existentes no país (o outro é o lago Guinas, a apenas 32Km de distância do lago Otjikoto).O guia também relatou como o governo colonial alemão usava a água do lago na exploração de uma mina de cobre na vizinha cidade de Tsumeb, bem como que hoje a água é usada para irrigar plantações da região, que é a área agrícola mais importante do país. Ademais, ele contou que, em 1915, o exército colonial alemão, para evitar a entrega de seus armamentos a tropas da África do Sul e da Grã-Bretanha, os jogou no fundo do lago, juntamente com um cofre que até hoje não foi encontrado e do qual não se conhece o conteúdo, o que desperta a imaginação de muitos caçadores de tesouros.Segundo o guia, o lago Otjikoto foi “descoberto” pelos exploradores europeus Francis Galton (meio-primo de Darwin, envolvido com o Darwinismo social e o pensamento eugenista) e Carl Johan Andersson em 1851. Ao escutar a explicação do guia, questionamos se os povos locais já não o conheciam. Naquele momento, Martha, do povo Hai//om, o interrompeu para nos contar que, no passado, “um grupo de Hai//om estava andando pelo local, onde havia apenas um caminho de pedra. Um grupo de homens ia na frente, outro grupo de mulheres atrás. O grupo da frente falou que a terra estava tremendo e, de repente, caiu o teto da caverna e o grupo de mulheres se afogou no lago. Por isso, os Hai//om deram-lhe o nome de “lago feio” (Gaisis).” A denominação “Otjikoto” (“buraco profundo”) foi dada pelos Herero, quando passaram a ocupar a área. Este lago é até hoje considerado amaldiçoado ou mal-assombrado pelos Hai//om, relatou Martha.Esse foto-ensaio visa descrever a invisibilidade da história Hai//om e de suas relações com o Lago Gaisis ou Otjikoto. Nenhuma menção da história desse povo sobre a origem do lago é encontrada, o que contrasta com a presença de uma placa comemorativa da chegada dos exploradores europeus. Da mesma forma, nenhuma menção é feita quanto à presença de um cemitério Hai//om nas proximidades do lago, o que contrasta com a presença de uma placa lembrando a morte de um turista sul-africano que nele mergulhava. A única presença dos Hai//om limita-se a uma representação exotizada e sensualizada dos mesmos num mural que acolhe os visitantes na entrada do sítio, ao lado de animais "exóticos" da fauna local.Essa invisibilidade claramente reproduz o padrão colonial de criação de uma história que visa silenciar a presença das populações locais face à chegada dos colonizadores europeus, uma história que continua ainda hoje sendo combatida na luta dos Hai//om, assim como dos povos indigenas no Brasil e no mundo, pelo reconhecimento de suas terras. Os argumentos neste artigo estão vinculados à descolonização das visões sobre eventos históricos, como parte de um esforço de corrigir sua representação equivocada em países africanos, como a Namíbia, assim como em vários outros países.
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Tan, Le Thoi, and Nguyen Duc Can. "Some comments on the Vietnamese language and literature school curriculum draft." VNU Journal of Science: Education Research 34, no. 2 (June 15, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4138.
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The Ministry of Education and Training has published the draft of the school curriculum of Vietnamese language and literature. It is possible to visualize the underlying principles of the draft via studying the presentation and the explanation of key concepts to understand the curriculum draft (presented in the "Some key terminologies in the subject curriculum" section). From this perspective, this article focuses on analyzing this section to understand the overall principles of the curriculum draft.
Keywords
Curriculum, Vietnamese language and literature, comments
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