Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Simulations numériques PIC'
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Cherkhani, Rochdi. "Simulations numériques de phénomènes non linéaires dans les systèmes faisceau d'ions-plasmas." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10297.
Full textKallala, Haithem. "Massively parallel algorithms for realistic PIC simulations of ultra high intensity laser-plasma interaction, application to attosecond pulses separation of Doppler harmonics." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS052.
Full textThe complexity of the physical mechanisms involved in ultra-high intensity laser-plasma interaction requires the use of particularly heavy PIC simulations. At the heart of these computational codes, high-order pseudo-spectral Maxwell solvers have many advantages in terms of numerical accuracy. This numerical approach comes however with an expensive computational cost. Indeed, existing parallelization methods for pseudo-spectral solvers are only scalable to few tens of thousands of cores, or induce an important memory footprint, which also hinders the scaling of the method at large scales. In this thesis, we developed a novel, arbitrarily scalable, parallelization strategy for pseudo-spectral Maxwell's equations solvers which combines the advantages of existing parallelization techniques. This method proved to be more scalable than previously proposed approaches, while ensuring a significant drop in the total memory use.By capitalizing on this computational work, we conducted an extensive numerical and theoretical study in the field of high order harmonics generation on solid targets. In this context, when an ultra-intense (I>10¹⁶W.cm⁻²) ultra-short (few tens of femtoseconds) laser pulse irradiates a solid target, a reflective overdense plasma mirror is formed at the target-vacuum interface. The subsequent laser pulse non linear reflection is accompanied with the emission of coherent high order laser harmonics, in the form of attosecond X-UV light pulses (1 attosecond = 10⁻¹⁸s). For relativistic laser intensities (I>10¹⁹ W.cm⁻²), the plasma surface is curved under the laser radiation pressure. And the plasma mirror acts as a focusing optics for the radiated harmonic beam. In this thesis, we investigated feasible ways for producing isolated attosecond light pulses from relativistic plasma-mirror harmonics, with the so called attosecond lighthouse effect. This effect relies introducing a wavefront rotation on the driving laser pulse in order to send attosecond pulses emitted during different laser optical cycles along different directions. In the case of high order harmonics generated in the relativistic regime, the plasma mirror curvature significantly increases the attosecond pulses divergence and prevents their separation with the attosecond lighthouse scheme. For this matter, we developed two harmonic divergence reduction techniques, based on tailoring the laser pulse phase or amplitude profiles in order to significantly inhibit the plasma mirror focusing effect and allow for a clear separation of attosecond light pulses by reducing the harmonic beam divergence. Furthermore, we developed an analytical model to predict optimal interaction conditions favoring attosecond pulses separation. This model was fully validated with 2D and 3D PIC simulations over a broad range of laser and plasma parameters. In the end, we show that under realistic laser and plasma conditions, it is possible to produce isolated attosecond pulses from Doppler harmonics
Denoual, Emilien. "Rayonnement térahertz par interaction laser-solide en régime relativiste." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASP166.
Full textThe terahertz (THz) domain is attracting increasing interest for its promising applications in various sectors of research and industry, including molecular spectroscopy, medical imaging, homeland security, condensed matter studies, and materials science. Progress in these fields is rapid and largely stimulated by the development of new high-power radiation sources. Relativistic laser-solid interaction, hitherto primarily exploited for its strong radiative potential in the highest parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, constitutes a promising approach for generating intense THz pulses spanning broad frequency bands. This thesis is first devoted to the theoretical and numerical study of the two main THz emissive mechanisms occurring during such interactions: the coherent transition radiation (CTR) of hot electrons ejected from the plasma after being accelerated by the ultra-intense laser pulse field, and the plasma expansion radiation (PER) occurring over longer time scales. We develop a semi-analytical model of radiation due to fast electrons, taking into account their trajectory in the restoring spacecharge electric field they induce at the target surface. Their complete radiation then results from the interference of CTR and synchrotron/bremsstrahlung-type emission. Parametric studies on the characteristics of the laser pulse and the target allow us to establish configurations that maximize this radiation. The latter proves to be very sensitive to the fraction of escaping electrons. In addition, we describe the radiation associated with the plasma expansion by considering the unidirectional model, taking into account various effects related to the finite thickness of the foil and the multidimensional geometry of the accelerating field. For a femtosecond laser pulse and a micrometer-thick target, we anticipate a net THz radiation largely dominated by electron radiation, thus establishing a hierarchy of THz emission mechanisms in the context of laser-thin foil interaction. Finally, to test these theoretical models, we implement a far-field radiation algorithm in the "particle-in-cell" (PIC) code CALDER. Validated in simple cases and then applied to beam-plasma and laser-solid interaction simulations, this module provides the first "ab initio" description of low-frequency radiation in the framework of PIC simulations
Lutz, Mathieu. "Etude mathématique et numérique d'un modèle gyrocinétique incluant des effets électromagnétiques pour la simulation d'un plasma de Tokamak." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAD036/document.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the study of charged particle beams under the action of strong magnetic fields. In addition to the external magnetic field, each particle is submitted to an electromagnetic field created by the particles themselves. In kinetic models, the particles are represented by a distribution function f(x,v,t) solution of the Vlasov equation. To determine the electromagnetic field, this equation is coupled with the Maxwell equations or with the Poisson equation. The strong magnetic field assumption is translated by a scaling wich introduces a singular perturbation parameter 1/ε
Irzyk, Michaël. "Généralisation de faisceaux d'ions à partir de plasmas à haute densité : simulations numériques par code PIC de l'extraction, de la mise en forme du faisceau et de l'usure des grilles, développement de sources radio-fréquences à forte densité de courant (Ar, Xe) et à fort taux de dissociation (O2, N2)." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2036.
Full textLutz, Mathieu. "Étude mathématique et numérique d'un modèle gyrocinétique incluant des effets électromagnétiques pour la simulation d'un plasma de Tokamak." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00875703.
Full textSi-Ameur, Mohamed. "Simulations numériques de mélanges turbulents dans les écoulements cisaillés supersoniques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10214.
Full textDucros, Frédéric. "Simulations numériques directes et des grandes échelles de couches limites compressibles." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0007.
Full textWeygand, Daniel. "Simulation numérique de la croissance de grains." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0122.
Full textLamballais, Éric. "Simulations numériques de la turbulence dans un canal plan tournant." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0016.
Full textSalmon, Stéphanie. "Contribution aux méthodes numériques pour la simulation d'écoulements de fluides, d'électromagnétisme et de physique des plasmas." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00340299.
Full textFerré, Giménez Ricardo. "Etude de nanoparticules magnétiques par simulation numérique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10224.
Full textGuichaoua, Philippe. "Etude théorique, optimisation et simulation numérique d'un procédé de régulation thermique." Saint-Etienne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STET4006.
Full textMaucourt, Jérôme. "Étude par simulations numériques des transitions de phase dans les modèles de spins XY désordonnés." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10216.
Full textUrbin, Gérald. "Étude numérique par simulation des grandes échelles de la transition à la turbulence dans les jets." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0025.
Full textFrifita, Khaled. "Modélisation multi-physique d'un système électrique de puissance embarqué pour la simulation, le prototypage numérique et la commande." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0334.
Full textThe quality of the electrical energy supplied in aeronautical systems depends on the complexity of the electrical system used. The two quantities (voltage, current) generally suffer from a lot of disturbances due to the impedance of the electric grid and circulation of the perturbations non-linear loads variation. In the on-board grid of an helicopter, the proliferation of electrical disturbances can lead to malfunctions, degradations and overheating of the devices. The power factor correction (PFC) is designed to avoid unwanted effects, harmonics and disturbances. This type of system, consisting of an AC / DC converter connected to another DC / DC converter, uses high frequency components and switches. The choice of silicon carbide MOSFETs (SiC MOSFETs) ensures a good quality of energy and reduces the power-to-weight ratio for embedded systems. The contribution of this work is the multiphysical modeling of power SiC MOSFET component which is proposed to simulate and design a global control for different electrical power converters. We propose a more precise electro-thermal nonlinear model for SiC MOSFETs. This model takes into account electrothermal couplings and will make controls more robust. It has been validated by the comparing simulation to the characteristics of the datasheet. To implement and validate the proposed models and perform the prototyping of AC-DC and DC-DC converters, we used psim, pspice and saber softwares. This work was carried out in an FUI project for the design of reliable embedded power sources in helicopters system
Meplan, Olivier. "Ondes et particules dans le modèle de l'accélérateur de Fermi : simulation numérique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10016.
Full textPebernet, Laura. "Etude d'un modèle Particle-In-Cell dans une approximation Galerkin discontinue pour les équations de Maxwell-Vlasov : recherche d'une solution hybride non conforme efficace." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1080/.
Full textThis thesis presents the study and the development of an efficient numerical simulation's tool for the modeling of plasma/microwave interaction in an electromagnetic software based upon a Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) scheme. This work is organized following two main steps. First, we develop a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) model appropriate for DG scheme. For this, on the one hand, we propose a hyperbolic corrector method to take into account the charge conservation law and, on the other hand, we integrate physical plasma models such as high power microwave sources, emission particles surfaces and electrons beams. Then, we propose also optimal performances for the coupling of Maxwell-Vlasov equations in order to increase the efficiency and the size of the applications to treat. This leads to study a non conformal hybridization of methods to solve the Maxwell-Vlasov problem. In the first time, we work on a hybrid method between different numerical schemes to solve a 1D Maxwell problem on non conformal meshes. In the second time, we interest in a 2D TE Maxwell problem, in order to introduce a PIC model. Finally, we realise a FDTD/FDTD hybridization on two non coincident meshes for the 2D Maxwell-Vlasov system
Mathey, Fabrice. "Ecoulements cisaillés réactifs : étude par modélisation sous-maille du mélange et simulation numérique des grandes échelles." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10215.
Full textXia, Meng. "Etudes expérimentales et numériques de la pyrolyse et l’oxydation du charbon pulvérisé dans les flammes étirées de méthane/oxygène/azote." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC060/document.
Full textIn the present work, a laboratory-scale laminar strained configuration is used to investigate the characteristics of pulverized coal devolatilization and oxidation in a mixture of CH4/O2/N2 reactive flow both in conventional air conditions and in oxygen-enriched combustion conditions. Two optical diagnostics, Flame Emission Spectroscopy and measurement of spontaneous emission, are employed for the characterization of flame structure. The spatial concentration evolution of three excited radicals, OH*, CH*and C*2 , are measured and analyzed.1-D simulations using detailed gas-phase kinetics including OH*, CH*, and C*2 sub-mechanisms and coal combustion submodels are performed and compared with experimental data. Qualitative comparison with experiments showed that the current numerical configuration was suitable for the prediction of OH*, CH* and C*2 emission. The predicted results differed with changes to the coal sub-models and kinetic parameters. The devolatilization model and volatile matters seem to play more important roles
Cortazar, Miguel Angel. "Le Cavermod, modèle physique de l'érosion de cavitation : qualification expérimentale et numérique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10089.
Full textRevel, Adrien. "Modélisation des plasmas magnétisés. Application à l'injection de neutres pour ITER et au magnétron en régime impulsionnel haute puissance." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112083/document.
Full textA plasma is defined as a partially or completely ionized gas. Even though, they are very present in the visible universe, natural plasmas are rare on Earth. However, they are a major interest for industries and research institutes (surface treatment, spatial propulsion). Nevertheless, the understanding of plasma behavior is complicated because of the numerous physical fields involved. Moreover, theses plasmas can be magnetized, i.e., a magnetic field, external or induced, affects significantly the particle trajectories: r/L<1 where r is the Larmor radius and L the typical length of the system. This thesis is focused on the plasma modeling in two device: the accelerator of the ITER's neutral beam injector (NBI) and the magnetron in DC or HiPIMS regime. The feasibility of nuclear fusion on Earth is subject of numerous research around the world. Because of the energy necessary to get over the Coulomb barrier, the plasma must be confined. For ITER, the confinement is achieved by intense magnetic fields. However, to reach the required conditions of nuclear fusion reactions, especially in temperature, a high energy (1MeV) neutral beam injector is needed. The particle acceleration is a critical part in the creation of the neutral beam and it represents a technical challenge which is studied in this thesis work. The magnetron is an industrial process for creating thin film by physical sputtering. The ions created by a plasma discharge tear the atoms out of the cathode which are then deposited on the anode. The magnetic field created by permanent magnets trap the electrons near the cathode improving the process efficiency. The plasma behavior inside the magnetron is studied in direct and pulsed current as well as the appearance of self-organized structures in rotation around the magnetron axis. To study these devices, several program of numerical simulation have been developed. The Particle-In-Cell methode has been chosen because it takes into account, self-consistently, the space charge of the particules. Several techniques (null collision technique, Monte Carlo Collision, a posteriori Monte Carlo) and improvement (Non uniform mesh, third order charge projection) have been developed and implemented. Moreover, an original method, Pseudo 3D, allowing a three dimensional study of the magnetron, has been used with success. Finally, these programs have been parallelized to reduce the computation time
Deniset, François. "Modélisation numérique des conditions d'apparition de la cavitation de tourbillon marginal sur une aile-3D : effet de confinement." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0070.
Full textBéreaux, Yves. "Simulation numérique d’écoulements de fluides viscoélastiques à formulation intégrale, par la méthode des tubes de courant." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG0005.
Full textParzani, Céline. "Modélisation mathématique d'expansion de plasma et de décharges électriques." Toulouse, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAT0019.
Full textWe are interested in the mathematical and numerical modeling of plasma expansion in vacuum when an electron beam is emitted from the plasma-vacuum interface. From the Euler-Poisson system for each species (ions, electrons), we perform an asymptotic analysis yielding a quasineutral model for the plasma region with a constant current (vanishing or not) and a Child-Langmuir law for the beam region. These two models are connected either considering a pressure term concentrated at the plasma-vacuum interface, either through a transmission layer problem. In one space dimension, a numerical validation of these hypothesis is proposed using a finite volume method with a psceific treatment of the plasma-vacuum interface. Next, the asymptotic model with zero-current in the plasma is derived in the two dimensionnal case. Numerical simulations are obtained using a Lagrange-Projection method with an interface representation deduced from a VOF method. The second part of the thesis is concerned with the modeling of electrical discharges occuring on satellites. A Vlasov model with boundary operator is proposed. An Hilbert expansion gives a Boltzmann-type model in one pace dimension, which is numerically approximated by a particle in cell method. The numerical results show that a high density plasma is obtained
El-Masri, Samir D. "Application de la méthode numérique TLM (transmission line matrix) aux ondes acoustiques et à la parole." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0129.
Full textHernandez, Laura. "Simulations numériques par méthode de Monte Carlo des transitions de phase dans les antiferromagnétiques anisotropes purs et dilués : FeCl2, FeBr2, FexMg1-xCl2." Toulouse, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAT0006.
Full textNicolas, Xavier. "Simulation numérique et stabilité des écoulements de convection mixte en conduite rectangulaire chauffée par le bas." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00812211.
Full textGarnica-Anguas, Paul. "Simulation numérique du frottement entre solides par équations intégrales aux frontières et modèle d'interface non linéaire : application aux pieux." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10143.
Full textBochu, Philippe. "Modélisation et simulation de la gravure chimique des monocristaux." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005029.
Full textBlaise, Philippe. "Dynamique moléculaire quantique : méthodes numériques et étude physique de la structure, de la thermodynamique, de la stabilité et de la fragmentation des agrégats métalliques de sodium." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10110.
Full textMorelon, Nhan Duc. "Dynamique moléculaire du composé d'inclusion TANO-heptane : une étude combinée : simulation numérique/diffusion quasiélastique incohérente des neutrons." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10015.
Full textDrouin, Mathieu. "Vers la simulation particulaire réaliste de l'interaction laser-plasma surcritique : conception d'un schéma implicite avec amortissement ajustable et fonctions de forme d'ordre élevé." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00442715.
Full textTheodore, Fred. "Préformage de monocristaux de saphir optique : optimisation de la croissance hors fissuration par simulation numérique du problème thermomécanique." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0100.
Full textBrun, Christophe. "Étude expérimentale et numérique de l'interaction forte entre sillages d'obstacles cylindriques." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10049.
Full textBoucker, Marc. "Modélisation numérique multidimensionnelle d'écoulements diphasiques liquide-gaz en régimes transitoire et permanent : méthodes et applications." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DENS0032.
Full textDrouin, Mathieu. "Vers la simulation particulaire réaliste de l'interaction laser-plasma surcritique : conception d'un schéma implicite avec amortissement ajustable et fonctions de forme d'ordre élevé." Phd thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00442715/fr/.
Full textLaser-plasma interaction and electronic transport are pure kinetic processes thus requiring to solve the complete Vlasov-Maxwell system of equations. This thesis focuses on PIC (‘‘Particle-In-Cell'') methods, and is intended to widen the operating regime of such methods. First, we present the linear stability analysis of an explicit PIC algorithm including spatial and temporal step size effects. This study highlights the aliasing instability, which we link to the more intricate issue of numerical heating in PIC codes in the overcritical regime. We show the beneficial influence of using an increasingly high order weight function to drop this heating, thereby allowing to reach overcritical regimes relevant for comparison with experiments. Implicit PIC codes are not submitted to the constraints affecting their explicit counterparts. Particularly we can relax the need to solve high frequency electronic modes. Such a property is extremely valuable when we model the interaction between a high intensity laser and a highly overcritical plasma. Here, we give the relativistic extension of the direct implicit method, provided with an adjustable damping parameter and high order weight functions. This formalism was implemented in the code ELIXIRS, 2D in space and 3D in velocity. This code was validated for various plasma physics configurations, among them one or two electronic temperatures plasma expansions, high intensity laser-plasma interaction, and also beam-plasma instabilities in the relativistic regime. Especially, we prove the capability of the code to catch the main characteristics of the aforementioned phenomena, despite a crude spatio-temporal discretisation, thus providing significant gains of computation time
Pham, Tan Hung. "Problèmes couplés inverses : optimisation des systèmes couplés magnéto-thermiques avec la méthode des éléments finis et les algorithmes numériques d’optimisation de type gradient." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0151.
Full textHeude-Bonnet, Nathalie. "Optimisation de l'homogénéité de ventilation dans les batiments d'élevage : étude numérique et expérimentale." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0055.
Full textFourrier, Joris. "Les accélérateurs à champ fixe et gradient alterné FFAG et leur application médicale en protonthérapie." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10161.
Full textRadiotherapy uses particle beams to irradiate and kill cancer tumors while sparing healthy tissues. Bragg peak shape of the proton energy loss in matter allows a ballistic improvement of the dose deposition compared with X rays. Thus, the irradiated volume can be precisely adjusted to the tumour. This thesis, in the frame of the RACCAM project, aims to the study and the design of a proton therapy installation based on a fixed field alternating gradient (FFAG) accelerator in order to build a spiral sector FFAG magnet for validation. First, we present proton therapy to define medical specifications leading to the technical specifications of a proton therapy installation. Secondly, we introduce FFAG accelerators through their past and on-going projects which are on their way around the world before developing the beam dynamic theories in the case of invariant focusing optics (scaling FFAG). We describe modelling and simulation tools developed to study the dynamics in a spiral scaling FFAG accelerator. Then we explain the spiral optic parameter search which has leaded to the construction of a magnet prototype. Finally, we describe the RACCAM project proton therapy installation starting from the injector cyclotron and ending with the extraction system
Faugier, Loreline. "Modeling airflow related to train movement in subway stations : small-scale model and numerical simulations compared to on-site measurements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS022.
Full textAir quality and ventilation efficiency in underground subway stations are concerns for health and safety. The piston effect, caused by trains passing through the station, contributes significantly to air movements. Models are often used to study and predict airflow in these environments due to challenges in on-site measurements. However, the differences between measured and modeled data are rarely discussed. This thesis focuses on developing models for train-induced airflow on platforms of underground subway stations. A 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model with a dynamic mesh is implemented to simulate the station. A small-scale model at 1:95 scale with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is also used. Both models include the train's realistic movement, deceleration, stop, and departure phases. To validate the models, extensive on-site measurements are conducted, recording velocity magnitude at various platform positions. The results are compared using correlation and peak shape parameters. They show that models can capture the key elements of piston wind in the station: both the numerical and experimental results reveal that differences can be found between locations close to each other, that are the consequence of flow features developing at a fraction of the platform scale in the horizontal plane; and that local velocity changes occur over short time intervals scaling with the train velocity. However, finer predictions about the value of velocity magnitude are less reliable as they are bounded by simplifications of the geometry, of the boundary conditions and by scaling considerations. Despite these limitations, the models provide insights into flow patterns and are used to investigate how changes in station blockage ratio and train speed affect velocity magnitude and air exchanges in the station. The study concludes that the models are valuable tools for exploring platform airflow, but caution is needed in interpreting fine-scale velocity predictions
Fourrier, Joris. "Les accélérateurs à champ fixe et gradient alterné FFAG et leur application médicale en protonthérapie." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00338177.
Full textPromayon, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et Simulation de la Respiration." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00130070.
Full textDans une première partie les principes mécaniques du phénomène de la respiration sont exposés. Le problème apparaît alors comme la modélisation et la simulation comportementale sous contraintes d'un objet complexe composés de régions ayant des propriétés différentes (élasticité, motricité, rigidité). Les modèles générateurs basés sur la physique se révèlent être les outils informatiques les plus aptes à atteindre notre objectif. Un état de l'art de ces méthodes et des problématiques liées est alors dressé.
La deuxième partie présente la construction du modèle informatique découpée en régions de propriétés spécifiques. On présente alors une nouvelle fonction d'élasticité utilisant l'expression d'une mémoire de forme locale. Comparée à un modèle classique masse-ressort, cette fonction d'élasticité prouve son efficacité. La modélisation des régions musculaires et solides est ensuite présentée. Puis, on montre la possibilité de contraindre ces régions afin de modéliser d'autres propriétés. On développe notamment une méthode de résolution directe permettant de vérifier des contraintes locales et globales sans utiliser d'algorithme itératif. La résolution de la contrainte d'incompressibilité illustre cette méthode de résolution ; les principes généraux de cette résolution sont dégagés permettant ainsi de généraliser son application.
La dernière partie de ce manuscrit fournit une validation qualitative du modèle développé par l'intermédiaire de différents exemples, dont celui de la simulation des mouvements du tronc pendant la respiration.
Promayon, Emmanuel. "Modélisation et simulation de la respiration." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1997. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00130070.
Full textCasella, Arnaud. "Étude du comportement d'un milieu pâteux : approche biphasique et identification." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DENS0032.
Full textJiang, Li. "Calcul en fatigue des ouvrages métalliques par la mécanique de la rupture (approche probabiliste)." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00569145.
Full textFeuardent, Valérie. "Amélioration des modèles par recalage : application aux structures spatiales." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DENS0019.
Full text