Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Simulation de crue'
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MOUSAVI, NADOSHANI SEYED SAEID. "Composition des lois élémentaires en hydrologie régionale : application à l'étude des régimes de crue." Grenoble 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10165.
Full textKovacs, Yves. "Modèles de simulation d'écoulement transitoire en réseau d'assainissement." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00520785.
Full textPaquier, André. "Modélisation et simulation de la propagation de l'onde de rupture de barrage." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET4010.
Full textAfif, Mohammed. "Analyse numérique de quelques problèmes hyperboliques issus de la modélisation des crues de rivières." Saint-Etienne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STET4003.
Full textLegrand, Caroline. "Simulation des variations de débits et de l’activité de crue du Rhône amont à partir de l’information atmosphérique de grande échelle sur le dernier siècle et le dernier millénaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALU011.
Full textFloods are often destructive natural hazards that can have considerable implications on ecosystemsand societies. In many regions of the world, flood activity and intensity are expected to be amplifiedby the ongoing climate change. However, quantifying possible changes over the coming decades isdifficult. The classical approach is to estimate possible changes from hydrological projections obtainedby simulation using meteorological scenarios produced for different future climate scenarios. Amongother things, these meteorological scenarios have to be adapted to the spatial and temporal scalesof the considered basins. They are typically produced with downscaling models from the large-scaleatmospheric conditions simulated by climate models. Downscaling models are either dynamical orstatistical. The possibility of producing relevant meteorological scenarios with downscaling models istaken for granted, but is rarely assessed.In this study, we assessed the ability of two modelling chains to reproduce, over the last century(1902-2009) and from large-scale atmospheric information only, the observed temporal variations inflows and flood events in the Upper Rhône River catchment (10,900 km2). The modelling chains aremade up of (i) the ERA-20C atmospheric reanalysis, (ii) either the statistical downscaling modelSCAMP or the dynamical downscaling model MAR, and (iii) the glacio-hydrological model GSM-SOCONT.When compared to observations, the downscaled scenarios of daily temperatures and precipitationshighlight the need for a bias correction. This is the case for both downscaling models. For thedynamical downscaling chain, bias correction is additionally necessary for the temperature lapse ratescenarios to avoid irrelevant simulations of snowpack dynamics, particularly for high elevations.The observed multi-scale variations (daily, seasonal and interannual) in flows and low frequencyhydrological situations (low flow sequences and flood events) are generally well reproduced for theperiod 1961-2009. For the first half of the century, the agreement with the reference flows is wea-ker, probably due to lower data quality (ERA-20C and flow data) and/or certain assumptions andmodelling choices (e.g. calibration based on hydrological signatures, stationarity assumption). Theseresults, and those obtained over the last century on variations in flood activity, suggest that themodelling chains can be used in other climatic contexts.In the last part, we simulated variations in flood activity over the last millennium using cli-mate model outputs made available by the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project (PMIP).Outputs from the climate model CESM Last Millennium Ensemble, made up of 12 members, werestatistically downscaled at the daily time step over the period 850-2004 with SCAMP (for reasons ofcomputational cost) and used as input to the GSM-SOCONT model.The simulated variations in flood activity in the Upper Rhône River over the last millennium werecompared with those reconstructed from the sediments cores of Lake Bourget. The results suggestthat the variations in flood activity reconstructed over this period could only be due to internalclimate variability and not to any large-scale atmospheric forcing
Gharbi, Mohamed. "Etudes des crues et du transport sédimentaire associé - Application au bassin versant de la Medjerda." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0008/document.
Full textIn Tunisia, the problem of floods and sediment transport is critically arising, especially in the Medjerda watershed. Since the construction of Sidi Salem dam, there is a remarkable morphological change, especially on the downstream side. We note a gradual enhancement of the river bed in the downstream direction and therefore, increased occurrence of floods. So, the use of numerical modeling is needed to better understand this risk. An experimental study carried out in a rectangular inclinable flume at the National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT). The aim is to visualize the morphological evolution of the channel bottom consisting of fine sand under permanent flow. In the first part, a comparative analysis was conducted between bed load transport rates models with experimental data, in order to test and validate the new bed load model proposed by Lajeunesse et al. (2010), then to check the grain size effect on the sediment transport capacity. After that, we are interested in the study of the morphological evolution in rivers. It was performed through numerical modeling using SISYPHE coupled with TELEMAC 2D. The aim is to analyze the morphological changes in the channel bottom. In the second part, several simulations have been conducted between 1D and 2D hydraulic models. These simulations concerned the recent floods for which data are available, especially the flood in January 2003 and the latest floods occurred in February 2012. Initially, a 1D hydraulic model using the MIKE 11 and HEC RAS software was performed in order to control the behavior of the water line profile during these floods. Secondly, a twodimensional hydraulic model was conducted using the code TELEMAC 2D in order to determine flood extent and to identify flood sensitive areas. The last part of this work will focus on the study of sediment transport at the Medjerda. Initially, we conducted a one-dimensional modeling (1D) of the total sediment transport along the middle valley of the Medjerda river. An analysis of the influence of the amounts of the materials transported by the Medjerda during flood was performed to determine their effects on the river morphological evolution. Secondly, a two-dimensional modeling was performed (2D) of sediment transport using the code SISYPHE coupled with TELEMAC 2D was also performed. We became interested in the study of sediment transport by thrusting only, to see the effect of this transport mode to the morphological evolution. In addition, we opted for a new approach to calculation of bed load sediment transport model based on the erosion -deposition Charru (2006). At the end of this work, a comparative study between the different results to see the validity of this new approach to the case of Medjerda was considered
Mahdade, Mounir. "Vers une représentation parcimonieuse de la variabilité morphologique des rivières non-jaugées adaptée au problème inverse hauteur-débit." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS168.
Full textThe lack of in situ measurements in ungauged rivers prevents the construction of rating curves, useful for several hydrological and hydraulic applications. In recent decades, the idea of estimating discharges by remote sensing methods has emerged, based on the principle of constructing a link between water elevation and discharge. However, this change is accompanied by a change in the scale of the elevation measurement, which is no longer attached to a cross-section but to the reach, leading to the notion of a reach-average rating curve under the same assumptions as a cross-section rating curve. This thesis treats the construction of such a curve. Since the parameters of friction, bathymetry and discharge are unknown, and to reduce the dimensionality of the problem, a hydromorphological study shows that the geometrical variability of rivers can be represented in 2D periodic model whose planform is based on a Kinoshita curve. In order to test and validate this model, a 2D reference simulation is produced on a 40km reach of the Garonne River with a continuous high-resolution topography. The simulated free surface can be considered as a set of "pseudo-observations" like those that will be produced by the SWOT mission. The 2D direct hydraulic model is based on a non-uniform geometric simplification (periodic model) and a solver of the Saint-Venant equations (Basilisk). A stochastic inversion by genetic algorithm allows to estimate the reach-averaged rating curve in a stationary regime by testing the geometrical and friction parameters that best reconstitute the observed signatures
Albergel, Jean. "Genèse et prédétermination des crues au Burkina Faso : du m² au km² : étude des paramètres hydrologiques et de leur évolution." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066139.
Full textSchober-Eimer, Anita. "Analyse de la variabilité des paramètres caractéristiques de l'hydrologie d'un bassin versant et modélisation des crues en présence de données hydrologiques succintes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10043.
Full textRoy-Gosselin, Philippe-Hubert. "Gestion des débits au barrage Samson." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29224/29224.pdf.
Full textGuillet, François, and Georges Pedro. "Etude et modelisation hydropedologique d'un bassin versant et modelisation des comportements hydriques de ce bassin (utilistion du modele source)." Paris 6, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA066668.
Full textKvale, Jørgen Mathiesen. "Revised simulation model for a Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC)." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25805.
Full textHernandez, Ramos Juan Carlos. "Sensitivity of reservoir simulations to uncertainties in viscosity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369224.
Full textChow, K. "Simulation and analysis of gas freeing of oil tanks." Thesis, Coventry University, 2010. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/692c76ab-c812-3ea9-29fe-0fe6cab4e469/1.
Full textSouck, Jenny. "Modelling of Crude Oil Distillation." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146195.
Full textUnder de föhållanden som reservoarens miljö erbjuder, definieras en petroleumvätska av dess termodynamiska och volymetriska egenskaper och av dess fysikalisk-kemiska egenskaper. För att korrekt simulera bearbetningen av dessa vätskor under produktion, deras beteende modelleras från experimentella data Med tillkomsten av nya regler och oflexibilitet som finns på tullbestämmelser vid gränserna idag, har forskningscenter stora svårigheter att få större mängder prover levererade. Av den anledningen, trots att det finns flera metoder för att karakterisera de olika komponenterna av råolja, tvingas laboratorier att vända sig mer och mer till alternativa analysmetoder som kräver mindre provvolymer: mikrodestillation, gaskromatografi, etc. Mikrodestillation, som är en snabb och helt datoriserad teknik, visar sig kunna ersätta standarddestillation för analys av flytande petroleumprodukter. Fördelar med metoden jämfört med standarddestillering är minskad arbetstidsåtgång med minst en faktor 4. Därtill krävs endast en begränsad provvolym (några mikroliter) i jämförelse med standarddestillation. [24] Denna rapport syftar till att skapa en enkel modell som kan förutsäga avkastningskurvan av fysisk destillation, utan att använda mikrodestillationsteknik. De resultat som erhölls genom gaskromatografiska analyser möjliggjorde modelleringen av det vätskebeteendet hos det analyserade provet. Efter att ha identifierat och behandlat praktiskt taget alla viktiga aspekter av mikro destillation genom simuleringar med PRO/II, fann jag att, oberoende av inställningen och den termodynamiska metod som används, det alltid finns stora skillnader mellan simulering och mikro destillation. Resultatet visar att det fortfarande är svårt att skapa en modell som kan ersätta mikrodestillering och gaskromatografi på grund av differensen mellan simuleringsresultaten å ena sidan, och resultaten från mikrodestillering å andra sidan. Dessutom visade resultaten att mikrodestillation som analysmetod inte ger tillförlitliga resultat. Min förhoppning var att få ytterligare användbara resultat genom att studerar potentiella korrelationer emellan fler prover, men detta visade sig inte vara fallet. Jag anser att det skulle vara intressant att studera fler prover och använda en annan simulator för att bättre representera mikrodestillation. Detta skulle kunna vara ett intressant ämne för vidare studier.
Da, Costa Dos Reis Silva Rui Luis. "Essais d'élaboration et d'utilisation d'un modèle spatialisé de simulation des crues concept d'unités participantes." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596999w.
Full textLerat, Julien. "Quels apports hydrologiques pour les modèles hydrauliques ? : vers un modèle intégré de simulation des crues." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392240.
Full textUne méthode automatisée de découpage du bassin intermédiaire en sous-bassins a d'abord été élaborée afin de faciliter la construction du modèle hydrologique sur les 50 tronçons de rivière. Des tests de sensibilité ont été menés sur le nombre de sous-bassins, la nature uniforme ou distribuée des entrées de pluie et des paramètres du modèle hydrologique. Une configuration à 4 sous-bassins présentant des pluies et des paramètres uniformes s'est avérée la plus performante sur l'ensemble de l'échantillon.
Enfin, une méthode alternative de calcul des apports latéraux a été proposée utilisant une transposition du débit mesuré à l'amont et une combinaison avec le modèle hydrologique.
Le, Meillour Françoise. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de la contribution des eaux de surface et de subsurface à la formation des crues : conséquences sur l'hydrogramme d'un bassin versant (application au Real Collobrier)." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694046.
Full textSeifried, Christine. "Asphaltene precipitation and deposition from crude oil with CO2 and hydrocarbons : experimental investigation and numerical simulation." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/45663.
Full textKobayashi, Kazuya. "Molecular simulations of mineral-solution interfaces for improved description of crude oil-brine-mineral interactions." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225615.
Full textOdry, Jean. "Prédétermination des débits de crues extrêmes en sites non jaugés : régionalisation de la méthode par simulation SHYREG." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0424/document.
Full textFlood hazard estimation in ungauged sites presents a major challenge for risk management. The complexity of the phenomenon arises from both the need for a multivariate approach (estimation of different flood characteristics: peak flow, volume, duration ...), and for an approach which offers a reasonable extrapolation of extreme events. The SHYREG method is based on the simulation of flood scenarios and presents these benefits. It has been evaluated during the ANR ExtraFlo project. It showed good performance in both accuracy and stability when calibrated against local discharge data. However, weaknesses have been identified when implemented in ungauged sites.The objective of the present thesis is to develop the method in order to improve the SHYREG performances in ungauged sites. Two kinds of modifications were implemented. First, the calibration of the method in gauged sites was reviewed. The main idea was to integrate more data and to take more into account the coherence between simulated discharges in different sites. Then, diverse regionalisation schemes extracted from the scientific literature were considered. Their application demonstrated the necessity to exploit information from nearby sites and the physical properties of the catchments. Finally, a version which realises the regionalisation simultaneously to the calibration has been selected. Its comparison with other method showed the quality of this new version of SHYREG
Cadot, Paule-Darly 1960. "Development of a model for design of water harvesting systems in small scale rainfed agriculture." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277109.
Full textBorges, Fábio Luiz 1984. "Predição de rendimentos de derivados de petróleo a partir de análises de destilação pelo método ASTM D7169 e DHA Front End realizadas em misturas de petróleos." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266124.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T13:22:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Borges_FabioLuiz_M.pdf: 1928972 bytes, checksum: 8ee551cc8034ad570e84bd024b3702ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Essa dissertação tem como objetivo avaliar a utilização de curvas de destilação simulada de petróleo analisadas por dois métodos cromatográficos (ASTM D7169 e DHA Front End) combinados em um modelo de predição de rendimentos de derivados de uma unidade de destilação atmosférica e a vácuo. Os métodos utilizados são de execução mais ágil e de custo bastante reduzido em relação aos métodos de obtenção de curvas de Ponto de Ebulição Verdadeiro (PEV), sendo viável obter curvas de destilação de tanques de petróleo em laboratórios de refinarias. A utilização dessas análises possibilita a obtenção de curvas das cargas a serem processadas mais representativas do que as curvas obtidas utilizando as curvas PEV disponíveis no BDAP (Banco de Dados de Avaliação de Petróleos da Petrobras) em conjunto com a proporção de petróleos informada pelo BDEMQ (Banco de Dados de Estoque, Movimentação e Qualidade da Petrobras) em cada tanque. Para realizar essa avaliação, foi elaborada, no software PETROSIM®, uma simulação do tipo Distop, a qual foi calibrada utilizando-se as vazões e as curvas de destilação dos derivados amostrados em uma das plantas de destilação da Refinaria de Paulínia. Em seguida, foram coletadas amostras de tanques de petróleo, as quais foram analisadas pelos dois métodos combinados para obter as curvas de destilação, que foram utilizadas como dados de entrada da simulação calibrada, obtendo os rendimentos dos derivados. Foram também obtidos os rendimentos da mesma simulação calibrada utilizando como dados de entrada os dados de curvas PEV disponíveis no BDAP e também pelo método de predição baseado em rendimentos fixos de petróleos, que são gerados pelo software Blend-BR®, de propriedade da Petrobras, cujos dados de entrada também são as curvas PEV do BDAP. Os rendimentos obtidos por esses três métodos foram comparados com os rendimentos obtidos na unidade quando os tanques de petróleo amostrados foram processados. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que a simulação calibrada utilizando os dados analisados pelos métodos cromatográficos forneceu rendimentos mais aderentes aos realizados do que os outros métodos, principalmente na predição de rendimentos de nafta
Abstract: This thesis aims to evaluate the use of crude distillation curves analyzed by two combined chromatographic methods (ASTM D7169 and DHA Front End) combined into an atmospheric and vacuum crude distillation unit yields prediction model. These methods are faster to be executed and have the costs pretty lower compared to the methods used to obtain the True Boiling Point (TBP) curves, enabling to obtain distillation curves of crude tanks in refinery laboratories. These analyzes enable obtaining curves of the loads to be processed more representative than the curves obtained using the TBP curves available in BDAP (the Petrobras petroleum Database) and the proportion of oils informed by BDEMQ (the Petrobras feedstocks and quality Database) for each tank. To perform this evaluation, it was built in PETROSIM® software a Distop simulation, which was calibrated using flow rates and crude cuts distillation curves from the samples collected at on of the crude distillation units of Paulínia Refinery. Samples of oil tanks, which were analyzed by the two combined methods to obtain the distillation curves, were then used as input data the calibrated simulation, obtaining the crude cuts yields. The cuts yields were also obtained by the same calibrated simulation using as input data TBP curves available at BDAP and also by a model based on fixed crude cuts yields, which are performed by the software Blend-BR®, property of Petrobras, whose data input are also the TBP curves available at BDAP. The yields obtained by these three methods were compared with the yields obtained in the industrial unit when the sampled oil tanks were processed. The results indicated that the calibrated simulation using data analyzed by the chromatographic methods provided yields that are closer to actual ones than other methods, especially for the naphtha yields
Mestrado
Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos
Mestre em Engenharia Química
Ahmed, Ashfaq. "Simulation of subsea production pipeline stream to evaluate and address the flow assurance issues of waxy crude oil." Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1030.
Full textNardo, Caseri Angélica. "Apport de la simulation conditionnelle géostatistique pour la prévision immédiate d'ensemble de pluies et l’alerte aux crues rapides." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, AgroParisTech, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AGPT0002.
Full textEach year, flash floods, generated by small fast-responding catchments hit by intense rainfall, are responsible for huge human and economic losses. To mitigate these impacts, it is necessary to use forecasting systems combining meteorological and hydrological forecasts at small temporal and spatial scales. Because of the underlying difficulties, these systems have to be able to communicate the uncertainties of their forecasts. Uncertainties associated to observed or future rainfall are often seeing as those having the most important impact, in particularly in the case of flash floods localised on small areas.The main aim of this thesis is to study the potential of a geostatistical conditional simulation method to generate an ensemble of rainfall scenarios that can be used by a flash flood warning system. We seek to generate a reliable ensemble of rain fields by making the best use of the strengths of the measurements often available for nowcasting: the spatial and temporal properties of rainfall fields provided by the radar data and the rainfall intensities measured by rain gauges. In order to achieve our objectives, we use radar and rainfall data from 17 intense rainfall events observed in the Var region (south-east France) between 2009 and 2013.The first part of this thesis was devoted to taking into account the uncertainties on the observations of rainfall. For this purpose, the SAMPO-TBM generator developed at Irstea-Lyon is adapted to provide simulations of alternative rain fields to the observed radar rain field, while respecting the rainfall values observed by the rain gauges through a conditioned simulation. The evaluation of the generated fields shows that the method implemented is able to generate a reliable ensemble of rain fields and thus to propose a quantification of the uncertainties on the observed rain fields.In the second part of this thesis, the capacity of our method to be used for the nowcasting of rainfall is evaluated. Several methods are tested for the parameterization of the rainfall generator and for the adjustment of the outputs. These methods are evaluated by considering the main attributes of forecast quality, such as accuracy, reliability, precision, discrimination and overall forecast performance. The best method is the one estimating generator parameters over the last four hours, but also using only the last hour for the parameter related to the mean of the non-zero rainfall distribution, combined by the adjustment of the outputs based on the last forecast error.Finally, in the final part of this thesis, ensemble rainfall forecasts are used as inputs of the flash flood forecasting method AIGA developed at Irstea Aix-en-Provence. The AIGA method enables return period of the ongoing event to estimate at ungauged catchments. The 3th-7th November 2011 event in the Var region is used to illustrate the potential of our method. Nowcasting maps indicating, for different lead times and for the whole hydrological network of the region, the probability to exceed a given return period are produced. They are compared to the localization of observed damages collected from field surveys, illustrating a real interest for the real time crisis management
Bernède, Jean-Pierre. "Algorithmes adaptatifs et qualitatifs de prévision des crues en temps réel : application au cas de l'Aveyron." Toulouse, INPT, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPT060H.
Full textMenad, Wahiba. "Risques de crue et de ruissellement superficiel en métropole méditerranéenne : cas de la partie ouest du Grand Alger." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00787142.
Full textVaz, Lucas Rafael Lommez. "Perdas de hexazinona e diuron por escoamento superficial em sistema de cana crua." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-05012017-181536/.
Full textSugarcane is a major crop in Brazil and of great importance to the world. Higher yields implicate in higher use of pesticides, such as diuron and hexazinone. The adoption of green cane system, in which the straw is kept in the soil surface after mechanical harvesting, has changed the environmental behavior of theses herbicides. Therefore, the goal of this research was to evaluate runoff losses of diuron and hexazinone in green cane systems. The 3x2x2 (12 treatments) factorial experiment was performed in a randomized block with 4 replicates. The factors were i) 3 levels of sugarcane straw (0, 50% and 100%, based on a dose of 14 t ha-1); ii) 2 levels of initial soil moisture (10 and 18% VWC), and iii) 2 rainfall periods (0 and 3 dafter herbicides application). A rainfall simulator was adjusted to simulate an 80 mm h-1 rainfall event for one and a half hour (120 mm) over plots of 1 m2. A commercial product containing diuron and hexazinone was used at rate of 3 kg ha-1 dissolved in 700 L ha-1, according to label recommendations. The amounts of water and sediments were registered and herbicides concentrations analyzed by UPLC. Herbicides attached to the sediments were estimated according to sorption data from the literature. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and means compared by Tukey test (p<0.05). Sugarcane straw decreased water, sediments, and diuron losses by runoff, but did not affect hexazinone losses. In other words, crop residues cannot prevent losses of highly soluble molecules, such as hexazinone. Greater herbicides losses were observed in the aqueous phase, even for the control treatment (without straw), since straw reduces the amounts of detached sediments. However, no difference was observed between the two levels of straw (50 and 100%), meaning that 7 t ha-1 is sufficient for mitigating water, sediments, and diuron losses by runoff. Higher soil moisture (18 versus 10%) resulted in higher herbicides runoff. Yet, rainfall period did not affect herbicide losses, indicating that 3 days were not long enough for enhancing these herbicides dissipation or sorption.
Mezghani, Abdelkader. "Génération multi-sites de variables météorologiques horaires en zone alpine : application à la simulation de scénarios de crues du Rhône supérieur suisse /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=4335.
Full textBérod, Dominique. "Contribution à l'estimation des crues rares à l'aide de méthodes déterministes : apport de la description géomorphologique pour la simulation des processus d'écoulement /." Lausanne, 1995. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1319.
Full textShabou, Mohamed Saif. "Extrêmes hydro-météorologiques et exposition sur les routes : Contribution à MobRISK : modèle de simulation de l'exposition des mobilités quotidiennes aux crues rapides." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAU031/document.
Full textFlash floods are considered as ones of the most dangerous natural hazard due to their rapidness and suddenness that leave little time for exposed people to protect themselves. Although the relatively small spatial extension of those events, several studies showed strong human impacts regarding the number of affected people. Recently, daily mobility is pointed at as important social factor increasing individual exposure and vulnerability to flash flooding : almost half of the victims are motorists trapped while travelling on flooded roads. Therefore, several studies have been conducted for assessing roads’ sensitivity to flooding in the Gard area, frequently exposed to sever flash flood events.This thesis goes a step further by integrating social dimension in order to quantify and analyze road users’ exposure to flash flood during their itineraries. It contributes to the development of MobRISK : A simulation model for assessing motorists’ exposure to roads submersion by integrating individual travel-activity patterns and behavioral adaptation regarding weather disruptions. In order to assess population exposure to September 2002 flash flood event, we conducted an application of MobRISK in a study area located in the north-ouest of the Gard department.The results show that risk of flooding is mainly located in principal road links with considerable traffic load. However, a lag time between the timing of roads’ submersion and persons crossing these roads contributes to reduce the potential vehicle-related fatal accidents. It is also found that socio-demographic variables have significant effect on individual exposure and that young working males are the most exposed persons to road flooding. Finally, different behavior scenarios are built and tested by integrating individual travel adaptation decisions regarding perceived weather disruptions. The comparison of motorists’ exposure for each scenario highlights the important role of risk attitudes and threat evaluation processes on reducing population exposure.Thus, the proposed model demonstrates the benefits of considering spatiotemporal dy- namics of population exposure to flash flood and presents an important improvement in exposure assessment methods. Such improved characterization of road users’ exposure can present valuable information for flood risk management services and emergency planning
Navas, Nunez Rafael. "Modélisation hydrologique distribuée des crues en région Cévennes-Vivarais : impact des incertitudes liées à l'estimation des précipitations et à la paramétrisation du modèle." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAU025/document.
Full textIt is known that having a precipitation observation system at high space - time resolution is crucial to obtain good results in rainfall - runoff modeling. Radar is a tool that offers quantitative precipitation estimates with very good resolution. When it is merged with a rain gauge network the advantages of both systems are achieved. However, radars estimates have different uncertainties than those obtained with the rain gauge. In the modeling process, uncertainty of precipitation interacts with uncertainty of the hydrological model. The objective of this work is: To study methods used to quantify the uncertainty in radar – raingauge merge precipitation estimation and uncertainty in hydrological modeling, in order to develop a methodology for the analysis of their individual contributions in the uncertainty of rainfall - runoff estimation.The work is divided in two parts, the first one evaluates: How the uncertainty of radar precipitation estimation can be quantified? To address the question, the geostatistical approach by Kriging with External Drift (KED) and Stochastic Generation of Precipitation was used, which allows to model the spatio - temporal structure of errors. The method was applied in the Cévennes - Vivarais region (France), where there is a very rich observation system. The second part explains: How can it be quantified the uncertainty of the hydrological simulation coming from the radar precipitation estimates and hydrological modeling process? In this point, the hydrological mesoscale computation tool was developed; it is distributed hydrological software in time continuous, within the basis of the Curve Number and the Unit Hydrograph. It was applied in 20 spatio-temporal resolutions ranging from 10 to 300 km2 and 1 to 6 hours in the Ardèche (~ 1971 km2) and the Gardon (1810 km2) basins. After a sensitivity analysis, the model was simplified with 4 parameters and the uncertainty of the chain of process was analyzed: 1) Precipitation estimation; 2) Hydrological modeling; and 3) Rainfall - runoff estimation, by using the coefficient of variation of the simulated flow.It has been shown that KED is a method that provides the standard deviation of the precipitation estimation, which can be transformed into a stochastic estimation of the local error. In the chain of processes: 1) Uncertainty in precipitation estimation increases with decreasing spatio-temporal scale, and its effect is attenuated by hydrological modeling, probably due by storage and transport properties of the basin; 2) The uncertainty of hydrological modeling depends on the simplification of hydrological processes and not on the surface of the basin; 3) Uncertainty in rainfall - runoff treatment is the result of the amplified combination of precipitation and hydrologic modeling uncertainties
Hawkes, Joshua Mahlon. "The Simulation and Study of Conditions Leading to Axial Offset Anomaly in Pressurized Water Reactors." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7612.
Full textBorrell, Valérie. "Vers une modélisation hydrologique adaptée à la prévision opérationnelle des crues éclair : application à de petits bassins versants du sud de la France." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000215/.
Full textCrable, Mary Theresa. "Evaluating Five Years of Soil Hydrologic Response Following the 2009 Lockheed Fire in the Coastal Santa Cruz Mountains of California." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1344.
Full textDiallo, Djamal Moussa. "Modélisation mathématique et simulation numérique de l'hydrodynamique : cas des inondations en aval du barrage de Diama." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545770.
Full textMareth, Taciana. "Mapeamento de processos e simulação como procedimentos de apoio à gestão de custos: uma aplicação para o processo de registros e matrículas da universidade de Cruz Alta." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2830.
Full textNenhuma
O tema desta dissertação consiste em associar a gestão de custos com duas ferramentas de análise que são: mapeamento de processos e simulação. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal foi de verificar a contribuição do mapeamento de processos e da simulação como procedimentos de apoio à gestão de custos no processo de registros e matrículas da Universidade de Cruz Alta - UNICRUZ. Trata-se de um estudo aplicado e quantitativo, pois foram coletados dados, como por exemplo, taxa de atendimento e taxa de chegada, analisados estatisticamente e, posteriormente, foram construídos os modelos de simulação e dois cenários de cada modelo para a análise final. Ao final se comprova a contribuição do mapeamento de processos e da simulação como ferramenta de apoio à gestão de custos, na medida em que a metodologia utilizada contribuiu na melhoria da qualidade, no alinhamento dos processos e na gestão dos custos.
The theme of this dissertation consists of associating the costs management with two tools of analysis: processes mapping and simulation. In this sense, the main objective was to verify the contribution of the processes mapping and simulation as support procedures to the costs management on the registrations and enrollments of the Cruz Alta University – UNICRUZ. This was an applied and quantitative study once there was collection of data, such as service rate and students’ arrival rate, both analyzed under statistical procedures and later originated simulation models and two scenarios of each model for the final analysis. At the end of the study, it is proved the contribution of the process mapping and simulations as important support tools to the costs management, since the used methodology contributed in the improvement of the quality, in the alignment of the processes and in the costs management.
Le, Bihan Guillaume. "Modèles hydrologiques régionaux pour la prévision distribuée des crues rapides : vers une estimation des impacts et des dommages potentiels." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ECDN0011/document.
Full textWith the development of rainfall measurements at highspatial and temporal resolutions, the use of distributed hydrometeorological models is now considered to forecast flash floods on small and ungauged catchment areas. Current flashflood monitoring systems generally enable a real-time assessment of the potential flash-flood magnitudes. However they do not assess the potential impacts of flash-flood, which highly depends on the catchment areas configuration and on the importance of potentially affected assets. The purpose of this PhD research work was to develop and test a method which can be used to directly estimate the impacts of flash-floods, based on the outputs of a distributed rainfall-run off model. The approach is based on a prior analysis of the study area in order to assess the potential impact of different discharge levels on the flooded areas and to identify from geography database the associated buildings at risk. The aim is to build impact models on specific river reaches, using discharge versus impact graphs. The use of these impact models combined with a rainfall-run off model, has enabled us to compute maps of potential impacts, based on real time assessment of flood events updated every 15 minutes. This method was evaluated on two case studies looking at the accuracy and relevance of estimated impacts for each event – and comparing the outcomes to insurance losses data. This research work has helped to confirm the efficiency of this new combined method, which may become a useful tool to forecast large-scale effects of local impacts of flash-floods
Steinmetz, David. "Représentation d'une huile dans des simulations mésoscopiques pour des applications EOR." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS521.
Full textChemical enhanced oil recovery techniques consist of injecting into a petroleum reservoir an Alkaline/Surfactant/Polymer formulation. This formulation aims at mobilizing the oil trapped in the reservoir by reducing the water/crude oil interfacial tension. Molecular simulations are adapted to improve the efficiency of such a process by providing information about phenomena occurring at the molecular and mesoscopic levels. Mesoscopic simulation methods, Dissipative Particle Dynamics and coarse grained Monte Carlo, have been used to quantitatively predict the water/crude interfacial tension. An approach to parameterize interactions between entities has been developed using liquid-liquid ternary systems. This approach has been validated to reproduce compositions of bulk phases and to quantitatively predict the interfacial tension. A representation methodology of crude oil has been developed. The crude oil was divided according to the number of carbon atoms into two fractions: C20- and C20+. A lumping approach was applied to the C20- fraction and a stochastic reconstruction approach was employed on the C20+ fraction. A crude oil representation with only 13 representative molecules was so-obtained. Simulations of the parameterized crude oil model provides interfacial tension values that are in good agreement with available experimental data
John, Yakubu M. "Kinetic modelling simulation and optimal operation of fluid catalytic cracking of crude oil: Hydrodynamic investigation of riser gas phase compressibility factor, kinetic parameter estimation strategy and optimal yields of propylene, diesel and gasoline in fluid catalytic cracking unit." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17323.
Full textRaisin, Jonathan. "Détermination d'un critère prédisant l'efficacité du procédé d'électrocoalescance sur la destabilisation d'émulsions eau-pétrole brut." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684414.
Full textJarullah, Aysar Talib. "Kinetic Modelling Simulation and Optimal Operation of Trickle Bed Reactor for Hydrotreating of Crude Oil. Kinetic Parameters Estimation of Hydrotreating Reactions in Trickle Bed Reactor (TBR) via Pilot Plant Experiments; Optimal Design and Operation of an Industrial TBR with Heat Integration and Economic Evaluation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5363.
Full textTikrit University, Iraq
Eleutério, Julian. "Flood risk analysis : impact of uncertainty in hazard modelling and vulnerability assessments on damage estimations." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAB014/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at exploring different sources of uncertainty related to the economic analysis of the flood risk. It embraces several fields of knowledge in order to determine how the selection of strategies used to model flood hazard and assess the vulnerability of a territory may affect damage potential estimations. We measured the variability of damage estimations as a function of the datasets, methods, models and scales considered to: analyse the probability of floods (hydrology); model and map flood hazard (hydraulics); assess the vulnerability and susceptibility of properties to floods (civil engineering, geography and environmental economics). The methods and analyses developed here should bring support for practitioners in the investigation of uncertainties, determination of evaluation priorities and optimisation of the distribution of resources between the different modules of the evaluation process. In order to explore a second level of complexity of flood risk evaluations, we developed a method for analysing the systemic vulnerability of infrastructure networks, in relation with their resilience
Penot, David. "Cartographie des événements hydrologiques extrêmes et estimation SCHADEX en sites non jaugés." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU022/document.
Full textSince 2006, at EDF, extreme flood estimations are computed with the SCHADEX method (Climatic-hydrological simulation of extreme floods). This method relies on a MEWP probabilistic model (seasonal rainfall distribution using a weather pattern concept) and on a stochastic simulation to cross rainy events hazard and catchment saturation states. Simulation approaches, as SCHADEX, have shown good performances to estimate extreme flood distributions. However, the use of SCHADEX method without data for a considered catchment (rain, temperature, runoff) remains a main issue. This thesis suggests an adaptation of the method in ungauged context, trying to keep the key points of the SCHADEX method: - spatial and probabilistic structure of rainfall conditioned by weather patterns. - a cross of rainfall and catchment saturation hazards by stochastic simulation. This work is limited to a daily step to address the issue of regionalization with a maximum of data. The approach is then structured around four main points: - regionalize punctual daily extreme precipitations and construct maps of return period rainfalls. Evaluate the contribution of a weather type classification for the regionalization of extreme rainfall distributions and qualify the SPAZM interpolator for the estimation of extreme rainfall. - wonder about the construction of an areal rainfall and in particular about the impact of its construction choices on the estimation of extreme precipitations. - develop a regional stochastic simulation method to estimate a distribution of daily runoffs which crosses rainy events and catchment saturation hazards. - study the transposition from a daily runoff distribution to a peak flow distribution. The main contributions of this thesis are: - taking into account the weather types improves the description of spatial patterns of extreme precipitations. - information provided by the SPAZM rainfall interpolator proves to be valuable for the estimation of extreme rainfall in ungauged site. - a sensitivity analysis of the calculation of the areal rainfall based on the number of stations used (comparison SPAZM and Thiessen areal rainfalls) gives an indication of the estimation bias. - the SAMPO rainfall generator used to study the areal reduction factor of extreme precipitation and implement a correction model for high quantiles of SPAZM areal rainfall. - a simplified method of stochastic simulation similar to SCHADEX method (cross between a rainfall hazard and a catchment saturation hazard) is developed to produce a distribution of daily flows in ungauged site. - finally, preliminary work provides a way for the transition to the peak flow distribution using a hydrograph generator adapted to the sequence of daily simulated runoffs. All these developments and conclusions are detailed and justified in the thesis.STAR
Eleutério, Julian. "Analyse du risque inondation : l'impact d'incertitudes dans les modélisations de l'aléa et de la vulnérabilité des enjeux sur les estimations de dommages." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00821011.
Full textPlá, María Marcos. "Evaluación del comportamiento de carteras con gestión automatizada comparada con los rendimientos de carteras aleatorias y fondos de inversión." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/38987.
Full textPlá María, M. (2014). Evaluación del comportamiento de carteras con gestión automatizada comparada con los rendimientos de carteras aleatorias y fondos de inversión [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/38987
TESIS
Pequeno, Diego Noleto Luz. "Agronomic performance and adaptation of the CROPGRO - Perennial Forage Model to predict growth of three tropical forage grasses under irrigated and rainfed conditions." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-21032014-151530/.
Full textAs gramíneas do gênero Brachiaria e Cynodon são algumas das pastagens cultivadas introduzidas no Brasil de maior importância. Convert HD 364, um novo híbrido de Brachiaria, foi lançado como uma opção para uso numa ampla gama de condições ambientais, com alto valor nutritivo e produção de forragem. Sistemas pecuários em pastagens são complexos e as interações entre os animais, as plantas e o meio ambiente existem em vários níveis de complexidade, que podem ser avaliados utilizando modelagem computacional. Acúmulo de forragem, proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), digestibilidade in vitro da matéria orgânica (DIVMO), a composição morfológica da planta, fotossíntese foliar, índice de área foliar (IAF) e interceptação luminosa (IL) foram avaliados em resposta à duas frequências de colheita (28 e 42 dias), irrigada e não irrigada, em um estudo com parcelas colhidas mecanicamente a partir de abril de 2011 até abril de 2013, contrastando os capins Convert HD 364® (Brachiaria híbrida CIAT 36061), Marandu {Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) RD Webster [syn. Urochloa brizantha (A. Rich.) Stapf]; CIAT 6297} e Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). O delineamento experimental utilizado tanto para o irrigado quanto para o não irrigado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Convert HD 364 teve acúmulo de forragem anual, produção sazonal de forragem e taxa de acúmulo de forragem semelhante ou superior ao Marandu e Tifton 85, (acúmulo de forragem 15% maior do que Marandu e 12% maior do que o Tifton 85, quando irrigado e colhido em intervalos de rebrotação mais curtos). Convert HD 364 teve boa distribuição sazonal de forragem total do ano, produzindo cerca de 30% da massa total de forragem durante a estação fria, em Piracicaba, semelhante ao Marandu. Tifton 85 produziu cerca de 20% do seu rendimento médio anual durante a estação fria. Tifton 85 teve PB maior do que as outras duas gramíneas, quando colhidas em intervalos mais curtos e quando irrigadas. A concentração de FDN em Convert HD 364 foi menor do que nas outras gramíneas, independentemente da irrigação, da frequência de colheita e das estações do ano, resultando em alta DIVMO (mais de 650 g kg-1), semelhante à do capim Marandu. Em relação à calibração do CROPGRO, em geral, o desempenho do modelo foi bom para as três gramíneas. Simulações de massa de folha e colmo foram melhoradas para os capins, devido ao aumento na partição de assimilados direcionados para colmo em condição de baixa freqüência de colheita. O IAF e IL foram bem simulados pelo modelo, mostrando aumento com a diminuição da freqüência de colheita, com exceção do Tifton 85. Em condição não irrigada, as simulações utilizando o método de Penman -Monteith - FAO 56 deram respostas mais realistas de estresse hídrico do que usando o método de Priestley e Taylor. Os resultados da calibração sugerem que o modelo CROPGRO - forragem perene pode ser usado para simular adequadamente o crescimento de Marandu, Convert HD 364 e Tifton 85 sob condições irrigadas e não irrigada, sendo capaz de simular diferentes manejos de frequência de desfolhação.
Yang, Xiaoliu. "Mise au point d'une méthode d'utilisation d'un modèle pluie-débit conceptuel pour la prévision des crues en temps réel." Phd thesis, 1993. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00574117.
Full textJarullah, A. T., Iqbal M. Mujtaba, and Alastair S. Wood. "Detoxification of crude oil." 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14621.
Full textPetroleum contributes significantly to our lives and will continue do so for many years to come. Petroleum derivatives supply more than 50% of the world's total supply of energy (Jarullah, 2011). Traditionally crude oil goes though fractional distillation to produce different grades of fuel such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, etc. providing fuel for automobiles, tractors, trucks, aircraft, and ships. Catalytic hydrotreating (HDT) is used to detoxify the oil fractions produced by fractional distillation in the petroleum refining industries which involve removal of pollutants such as sulfur, nitrogen, metals, and asphaltene in trickle bed reactors. Recently Jarullah and co-workers proposed detoxification of whole crude oil a priori before the crude oil enters further processing in a fractionating column. This chapter highlights this new technology.
Rahmanian, Nejat, D. Y. Aqar, Dainure M. F. Bin, and Iqbal M. Mujtaba. "Process simulation and assessment of crude oil stabilization unit." 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/16518.
Full textCrude oil is an unrefined petroleum composed of wide range of hydrocarbon up to n‐C40+. However, there are also a percentage of light hydrocarbon components present in the mixture. Therefore, to avoid their flashing for safe storage and transportation, the live crude needs to be stabilized beforehand. This paper aims to find the suitable operating conditions to stabilize an incoming live crude feed to maximum true vapor pressure (TVPs) of 12 psia (82.7 kPa) at Terengganu Crude Oil Terminal, Malaysia. The simulation of the process has been conducted by using Aspen HYSYS. The obtained results illustrate that the simulation data are in good agreement with the plant data and in particular for the heavier hydrocarbons. For the lighter components, the simulation results overpredict the plant data, whereas for the heavier components, this trend is reversed. It was found that at the outlet temperature (85–90°C) of hot oil to crude heat exchanger (HX‐220X), the high‐pressure separator (V‐220 A/B) and the low‐pressure separator (V‐230 A/B) had operating pressures of (400–592 kPa) and (165–186 kPa), respectively, and the live crude was successfully stabilized to a TVP of less than 12 psia. The impact of main variables, that is, inlet feed properties, three‐phase separators operating pressure, and preheater train's performance on the product TVP, are also studied. Based on the scenarios analyzed, it can be concluded that the actual water volume (kbbl/day) has greater impact on the heat exchanger's duty; thus, incoming free water to Terengganu Crude Oil Terminal should be less than 19.5 kbbl/day (9.1 vol%) at the normal incoming crude oil flow rate of 195 (kbbl/day).