Journal articles: 'Simulation-Based Validation process'

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Bause, Falko, Jan Kriege, and Sebastian Vastag. "Efficient Validation of Process-based Simulation Models." SNE Simulation Notes Europe 19, no. 2 (August 2009): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.11128/sne.19.tn.09936.

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ZHANG, Beike, Xin XU, Xin MA, and Chongguang WU. "SDG-based Model Validation in Chemical Process Simulation." Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 21, no. 8 (August 2013): 876–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1004-9541(13)60554-6.

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Funakoshi, K., and K. Mizuno. "A rule-based VLSI process flow validation system with macroscopic process simulation." IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing 3, no. 4 (1990): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/66.61973.

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Sun, Jun, Bei Ke Zhang, and Chong Guang Wu. "Life Cycle VV&A Simulation Modeling Process Based on Validation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 80-81 (July 2011): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.80-81.511.

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Simulation modeling VV&A is verification, validation and accreditation. In the field of petrochemical industry, focus of VV&A still lays on the model validation, and people always do appropriate model verification, validation work after model development. It does not yet formed a complete hierarchy or framework for effective implementation of life cycle VV&A. This paper referenced the research achievement of military simulation modeling and test-driven software development technology, introduced the modeling VV&A technology into the whole life of the model development. Simulation modeling process based on validation discussed in this paper is totally based on validation, and it is carried out closely around VV&A from appearance of the first idea to the final application. As a result, people can completely control the whole process of model development. At the same time of improving model accuracy, reliability and credibility, such process could greatly improve the efficiency of model development and effectively reduce the model development period. And this process can be also applied to system-level, complex object.

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Shi, Peng, Fei Liu, and Ming Yang. "Critical Problems in Validation Process of Simulation Models." Advanced Materials Research 187 (February 2011): 422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.187.422.

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Simulation models are increasingly being used to solve more and more complex problems and to aid in decision-making. To provide a realistic and confident simulation environment for users, simulation models have become key components in military simulations. This paper discusses the modeling nature of simulation models, and then the modified validation criteria for measuring the agreements between Subject Matter Experts and simulation models are presented. Furthermore, validation methods such as graphical comparison, feature analysis, face validation, confidence interval and hypothesis tests of three types errors, are discussed according to the validation metrics of simulation models. Simulation models could be validated based on the proposed validation process effectively. The proposed process could be applied to the simulation systems and solve many VV&A difficulties. Example of the mass moment missile, illustrates the validity of the proposed process.

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Ruediger, Patrick, and Hans Hagen. "Dealing with Uncertainties in Manufacturing Process Simulations." Applied Mechanics and Materials 869 (August 2017): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.869.226.

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Uncertainty in manufacturing processes is as old as the manufacturing process itself. Simulationson the other hand are always certain in their outcome based on the chosen parameters. Nonethelessit makes sense to incorporate uncertainties in the simulation for validation and analysis of the realand simulated processes. This paper aims on highlighting the importance of an accurate understandingand measurement of uncertainty for simulation validation and thus to increase the significance andacceptance of simulation results in the working environment.

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Gull, Hina, Saleh Alrashed, and Sardar Zafar Iqbal. "Validation of Usability Driven Web based Software Process Model using Simulation." Procedia Computer Science 62 (2015): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2015.08.520.

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Zizler, Elisabeth, Matthias Wenk, and Benedikt Bräutigam. "Simulation-Based Development and Validation of Energy Management Concepts." Applied Mechanics and Materials 871 (October 2017): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.871.36.

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This paper presents a method to support the development of energy management concepts for machine and plant construction. The energy management concepts are required to put the plant components into an energy saving mode during unproductive phases. These concepts then have to be implemented in the control software. Different dependencies in the production and process flow have to be considered when developing the concepts. Due to the complexity of production plants, a supporting simulation tool is planned to be implemented. With the aid of this tool, different energy management concepts and their derived control software can already be validated virtually in the planning and development phase. This presents an energetic extension of the so-called virtual commissioning concept. Conventional virtual commissioning involves only the process operation functionality in a virtual simulation model of the plant. Now, however, energetic functionalities are assigned to the different model components. Thus, a simulation of the energy consumption in different operation modes can be created for each component. Energy management concepts can only be developed if the components’ energy consumption is known in the different scenarios.

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Hawe, Glenn I., Graham Coates, Duncan T. Wilson, and Roger S. Crouch. "Improving Agent-Based Simulation of Major Incident Response in the United Kingdom through Conceptual and Operational Validation." International Journal of Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management 7, no. 4 (October 2015): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijiscram.2015100101.

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The aim of this paper is to report on how the credibility of an agent-based model (ABM) of the United Kingdom emergency services' response to major incidents has been improved through a process of conceptual validation, and how the ABM's software implementation has been improved through a process of operational validation. Validating the authors' ABM and its implementation contributes towards the long term goal of agent-based modelling and simulation being accepted by emergency planning officers as a means of performing emergency exercises thus playing a useful role in emergency preparedness. Both conceptual and operational validation led to the identification of potential improvements, which when implemented resulted in the authors' ABM software simulating the response to major incidents in the UK more realistically than was possible previously.

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Butenuth, Matthias, Thorsten Scheibe, David Seidel, and Frank Schrödel. "Simulation-based Function Development and Validation for Autonomous Driving as Integrated Process." ATZelectronics worldwide 14, no. 12 (December 2019): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38314-019-0131-4.

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Ben Lenda, O., A. Tara, O. Jbara, and E. Saad. "Numerical simulation of investment casting process of nickel-based alloy." MATEC Web of Conferences 286 (2019): 03005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928603005.

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In this paper, we elaborated the nickel-based alloy type Hastelloy G30 and we analyzed it by techniques of characterization in order to interpret the results obtained through a computer simulation. The calculation of the thermo-physical properties of the alloy and the simulation of filling and solidification of the casting was performed by the software ProCAST. The validation of the numerical results was done by the following experimental techniques: optical microscopy and hardness test. In the center of the elaborate piece, the experimental results showed the appearance of porosity and leading to embrittlement of the alloy. According to the numerical simulation, this is caused by a fraction of the liquid that remains trapped in this area.

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HAN, Seungwoo, Yong-Ho KO, Taehoon HONG, Choongwan KOO, and Sangyoub LEE. "Framework for the validation of simulation-based productivity analysis: focused on curtain wall construction process." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 2 (July 13, 2016): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.992468.

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As construction projects have become more complicated in design and construction, it is necessary to establish the construction operational plans in advance. However, there were some limitations in analyzing construction productivity due to the difficulty of collecting accurate data. To address this challenge, this study aimed to develop the framework for the validation of simulation-based productivity analysis, which consisted of three measures: (i) validation of the measured productivity data as target variable; (ii) validation of the measured duration data as input variable; and (iii) validation of the simulation model compared to the actual construction process. To verify the feasibility of the proposed framework, this study focused on the curtain wall construction project of “S” office building as a case study. The T-test was applied to investigate the statistical difference between the measure and simulated productivity. It was determined that the significance level α in the T-test for the unloading process was 0.136 with 95% confidence interval; the lifting process, 0.106; and the installing process, 0.311. As a result, there was no significant difference between the measured and simulated productivity. The proposed framework could enable executives and managers in charge of project planning and scheduling to accurately predict the simulation-based productivity.

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Mazak, Julia, Fritz Klocke, Thomas Bergs, Christian Brecher, and Christoph Löpenhaus. "Simulation-based process analysis for discontinuous cutting of generated bevel gears." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 233, no. 21-22 (April 29, 2019): 7378–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406219845409.

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For manufacturing bevel gears, special tool systems consisting of a cutterhead and carbide stick blades are used. Due to the complex relationship between the machine and process kinematics, however, an analytical analysis of the cutting process has been proven to be very difficult. For this reason, a manufacturing simulation based on planar penetration has been developed. In this paper, the algorithm is to be extended to generate processes for the first time. The concluding validation ensures that the simulated values match the actual cutting conditions. The result is a validated extension of the existing manufacturing simulation.

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NING, Xiaolei, Xin ZHAO, Yingxia WU, Junmin ZHAO, Meibo LYU, and Yun CHEN. "Research on simulation model validation based on probability relational analysis." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 39, no. 5 (October 2021): 1158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20213951158.

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The most basic and direct method for simulation model validation is to compare the consistency of missile flight data and simulation data under the same input conditions. However, the existing dynamic data consistency analysis methods are mainly suitable for the case between 1-D missile flight data and 1-D simulation data, and do not conform to the consistency test of single sample flight data and multi-sample simulation data in equipment qualification/finalization test. To solve this problem, a simulation model validation method based on probabilistic relational analysis is proposed. The consistency of output data is measured from the two scales of probability relational coefficient and probability relational degree. The probability relational coefficient is determined by calculating the cumulative distribution probability value of real missile flight samples in the distribution function constructed by simulation data. The probability correlation degree is calculated by judging whether the probability relational coefficient satisfies the uniform distribution of[0 1]. The consistency analysis problem of a kind of dynamic data association is solved accordingly. The correlation theorem that the probability relational degree must satisfy and its property are proved. Meanwhile the operation steps of simulation model verification based on probability correlation analysis are given. This method can process all multi-dimensional simulation data at the same time, and integrate the random factors in the test process, so it can make full use of the test information under the condition of small sample flight test, and improve precision and the reliability of simulation model verification. The rationality and validity of this method are further verified by numerical tests and application examples.

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Tinti, Fabrizio, Marco Fontana, Leonardo Daniela Scintilla, Annalisa Mirabile, and Bart Carleer. "Assembly simulation development and validation project with industrial applications." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1238, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1238/1/012078.

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Abstract Full digitalization has been applied more intensively in the automotive industry. The virtual engineering of single part is established since many years. Currently, the digital process chain is expanding to the assembly process. The assembly engineering teams should be effectively supported to define the assembly process; the assembly process should make products that fulfil the required quality requirements. A detailed simulation representing the future assembly process has to be setup. In an early phase based on CAD data, in the course of the engineering process the model can be enriched with forming simulation data and even real measurement data. Based on the assembly definition, critical issues can be identified and fixed already in the virtual world. Detailed evaluation of the geometrical deviation of the assembly can be made. This methodology is validated on an industrial automotive component.

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Zhou, Dong, Mei Hui Wang, Lin Huo, and Chuan Lv. "Virtual Maintenance Process Modeling and Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.527.

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Virtual maintenance technique brings new mode for system maintainability design and analysis, however, the theory of virtual maintenance is not fully studied and researches are deficiency in the key field of virtual maintenance modeling and simulation. So virtual maintenance model and simulation control method are studied in the paper. Virtual maintenance model is based on Petri Net and can describe the relations of maintenance resources, and the model structure, formal definition, maintenance object, resource state and model operation are given. In addition, virtual maintenance simulation rules and simulation scheduling method are built in the paper. Simulation scheduling objective, flow and conflict features of maintenance process simulation are analyzed, and conflict strategies are addressed subsequently. Finally, a case study of the LRU repair of an aircraft is conducted, and the result confirms the validation and feasibility of all the studies, which can become a new technique means for maintainability engineering.

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Martin, Niels Lasse, Ann Kathrin Schomberg, Jan Henrik Finke, Tim Gyung-min Abraham, Arno Kwade, and Christoph Herrmann. "Process Modeling and Simulation of Tableting—An Agent-Based Simulation Methodology for Direct Compression." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070996.

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In pharmaceutical manufacturing, the utmost aim is reliably producing high quality products. Simulation approaches allow virtual experiments of processes in the planning phase and the implementation of digital twins in operation. The industrial processing of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) into tablets requires the combination of discrete and continuous sub-processes with complex interdependencies regarding the material structures and characteristics. The API and excipients are mixed, granulated if required, and subsequently tableted. Thereby, the structure as well as the properties of the intermediate and final product are influenced by the raw materials, the parametrized processes and environmental conditions, which are subject to certain fluctuations. In this study, for the first time, an agent-based simulation model is presented, which enables the prediction, tracking, and tracing of resulting structures and properties of the intermediates of an industrial tableting process. Therefore, the methodology for the identification and development of product and process agents in an agent-based simulation is shown. Implemented physical models describe the impact of process parameters on material structures. The tablet production with a pilot scale rotary press is experimentally characterized to provide calibration and validation data. Finally, the simulation results, predicting the final structures, are compared to the experimental data.

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Zhou, Ling, Zheming Zhang, Chris Chivetta, and Ramesh Agarwal. "Process Simulation and Validation of Chemical-Looping with Oxygen Uncoupling (CLOU) Process using Cu-Based Oxygen Carrier." Energy & Fuels 27, no. 11 (October 29, 2013): 6906–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef401637q.

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Abdullah, A. B., and Z. Samad. "Compressive Behavior of AA6061 at Room Temperature and Validation of the FE Model Based on Optical 3D Measurement Technique." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 909–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.909.

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Recently, manufacturing process simulation using finite element (FE) model become important. Therefore, validation of the finite element model is crucial. This study will present validation of 2D finite element simulation of cold heading at room temperature. Validation of the simulation model is carried out by comparing the resulted bulge profile of the cold upsetting specimen to the profile of the specimen, which is obtained from an optical 3D surface measurement technique namely Infinite Focus Alicona system. Based on the result, both profiles show a very good agreement.

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Lee, Minhyung, Gwanyong Park, Hyangin Jang, and Changmin Kim. "Development of Building CFD Model Design Process Based on BIM." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 29, 2021): 1252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11031252.

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This paper proposes the design process of optimized building Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model based on Building Information Modelling (BIM). The proposed method consists of five-step processes: BIM data extraction, geometry simplification, grid optimization, attribute data matching, and finally, exporting a CFD case folder for OpenFOAM. Validation is performed to evaluate the improvement of the grid model and the accuracy of the simulation result. Validation is conducted for four indoor ventilation models. The number of grids increased or decreased, according to the optimization method, but did not change significantly. On the other hand, the maximum non-orthogonality improved by up to 20.78%, according to the optimization function. This proves that it is sufficiently effective in improving the grid quality. The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated by relative error rate with the ANSYS simulation result. The error rates for flow and temperature are evaluated. The relative error rate is less than 5% under all conditions. Therefore, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified.

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Elkaseer, A., and E. B. Brousseau. "Modelling the surface generation process during AFM probe-based machining: simulation and experimental validation." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2013): 025001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/2/2/025001.

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Schemmel, Reinhard, Nico Müller, Ludger Klahold, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter Sextro. "Experimental parameter identification and validation of a process model for ultrasonic heavy wire bonding." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2021, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 000346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1085-8024-2021.1.000346.

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Abstract Ultrasonic heavy wire bonding is a standard process in packaging technologies of power semiconductor modules. Due to increasing demands on reliability of the electrical contacts under high temperature loads, copper wires with significantly better electrical and thermal properties compared to aluminum are used more often nowadays. This results in new challenges in process development due to higher process forces and ultrasonic power; for this purpose, a simulation model has been developed to improve process development. The process model is based on a co-simulation with sub-models for the different physical phenomena. The sub-models are based on parameters, which need to be identified from measurements. This contribution focusses on the identification of the material model. Therefore, a method is presented, which allows for an iterative identification of the stress-strain characteristics from compression tests based on a modified tensile-compression machine. In compression tests under ultrasonic load, the bond wire material behavior under ultrasonic load is investigated to characterize the so-called ultrasonic-softening-effect. The simulation model with identified model parameters is then used to predict main-effects-diagrams for aluminum and copper wire bond processes on DCB. The simulation results are validated by comparison to results from parameter studies of ultrasonic heavy wire bonding experiments.

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Kaiser, Christoph, Martin Zubeil, Karl Roll, and Wolfram Volk. "New Diagnostic Techniques for an Automated Hemming Validation of Hang-On Parts." Key Engineering Materials 639 (March 2015): 509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.639.509.

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Due to the increasingly shorter development times in the automotive industry the aspect of a continuous virtual product validation is getting more important. For example, in the field of the body in white construction the metal forming-specific process steps in the press shop and the hemming processes in the body shop are designed with the aid of finite element simulations. Even though the computing speeds of the latest finite element solvers are increasing constantly, there is still a huge effort in time to do the pre-and post-processing of a hemming simulation. In order to improve the response time of the hang-on-parts’ manufacturing process verification, a metamodel-based part analysis is aspired. Based on a categorization of the part outline, which has to be analysed, a validation of the hemming process is carried out by using mathematical metamodels in terms of predicting failure probability and production feasibility. By splitting up the part outline into individual segments a fast analysis can be achieved. Here, an automated process is evaluating each segment individually with a special diagnostic technique. The system delivers output results, such as plastic strain values, the tendency of wrinkling, flange length, roll in, etc. Especially in an early development phase, this procedure is advantageous to compare and evaluate different hemming concept alternatives on an efficient way. The high variety of hang-on-parts, which have to be validated, requires that the simulation outlay has to be as small as possible. With this new diagnostic technique an automated hemming validation of hang-on-parts can be executed without doing a finite-element-simulation. So, there is no simulation model which has to be set up, calculated and evaluated. This helps to reduce the time effort and the amount of simulation loops for validating a hemming process. Furthermore, the degree of the part maturity is increased in an early development phase very efficiently.

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Jiang, Aipeng, Qiang Ding, Jian Wang, Shu Jiangzhou, Wen Cheng, and Changxin Xing. "Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of SWRO Process Based on Simultaneous Method." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/908569.

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Reverse osmosis (RO) technique is one of the most efficient ways for seawater desalination to solve the shortage of freshwater. For prediction and analysis of the performance of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) process, an accurate and detailed model based on the solution-diffusion and mass transfer theory is established. Since the accurate formulation of the model includes many differential equations and strong nonlinear equations (differential and algebraic equations, DAEs), to solve the problem efficiently, the simultaneous method through orthogonal collocation on finite elements and large scale solver were used to obtain the solutions. The model was fully discretized into NLP (nonlinear programming) with large scale variables and equations, and then the NLP was solved by large scale solver of IPOPT. Validation of the formulated model and solution method is verified by case study on a SWRO plant. Then simulation and analysis are carried out to demonstrate the performance of reverse osmosis process; operational conditions such as feed pressure and feed flow rate as well as feed temperature are also analyzed. This work is of significant meaning for the detailed understanding of RO process and future energy saving through operational optimization.

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Asmelash, Mebrahitom, Nurul Najihaha, Azmir Azhari, and Freselam Mulubrhan. "Simulation modeling of a manufacturing process using Tecnomatix plant simulation software." Journal of Modern Manufacturing Systems and Technology 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmmst.v5i1.6083.

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Industries in our community are under constant pressure and have high demands of customer orders for their products and there is the need to maximize the output for the same input of resources. In the case of lagging orders, it is very difficult for companies to manage and optimize the process flow for simultaneously coming orders. Process simulation can be suitably applied for studying and analyzing the system which can provide a framework for predicting and optimizing the process based on mathematical models. This work presents how to implement simulation tools in the real production planning so that an increase in the number of throughput in the time frame is achieved. The procedure starts with input data collection, data fitting, simulation model building, model validation, identification of the number throughput, and developed improvement system.

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Bandieramonte, Marilena, John Derek Chapman, Justin Chiu, Heather Gray, and Miha Muskinja. "Multi-threaded simulation for ATLAS: challenges and validation strategy." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024502001.

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Estimations of the CPU resources that will be needed to produce simulated data for the future runs of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, indicate a compelling need to speed-up the process to reduce the computational time required. While different fast simulation projects are ongoing, full Geant4 based simulation will still be heavily used and is expected to consume the biggest portion of the total estimated processing time. In order to run effectively on modern architectures and profit from multi-core designs a migration of the Athena framework to a multi-threading processing model was performed. A multi-threaded simulation based on AthenaMT and Geant4MT, enables substantial decreases in the memory footprint of jobs, largely from shared geometry and cross-section tables. This approach scales better with respect to the multi-processing approach (AthenaMP) especially on the architectures that are foreseen to be used in the next LHC runs. In these proceedings we report about the status of the multi-threaded simulation in ATLAS, focusing on the different challenges of its validation process. We demonstrate the different tools and strategies that have been used for debugging multi-threaded runs versus the corresponding sequential ones, in order to have a fully reproducible and consistent simulation result.

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Albinsson, Anton, Fredrik Bruzelius, Bengt Jacobson, and Shenhai Ran. "Validation of vehicle-based tyre testing methods." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018777581.

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The development process for passenger cars is both time- and resource-consuming. Full vehicle testing is an extensive part of the development process that consumes large amount of resources, especially within the field of vehicle dynamics and active safety. By replacing physical testing with complete vehicle simulations, both the development time and cost can potentially be reduced. This requires accurate simulation models that represent the real vehicle. One major challenge with full vehicle simulation models is the representation of tyres in terms of force and moment generation. The force and moment generation of the tyres is affected by both operating conditions and road surface. Vehicle-based tyre testing offers a fast and efficient way to rescale force and moment tyre models to different road surfaces, in this study the Pacejka 2002 model. The resulting tyre model is sensitive to both the operating conditions during testing and the road surface used. This study investigates the influence of the slip angle sweep rate and road surface on the lateral tyre force characteristics of the fitted tyre model. Tyre models fitted to different manoeuvres are compared and the influence on the full vehicle behaviour is investigated in IPG Carmaker. The results show that by using the wrong road surface, the resulting tyre model can end up outside the tolerances specified by the ISO standard for vehicle simulation model verification in steady-state cornering. The use of Pacejka 2002 models parameterized in a steady-state manoeuvre to simulate the vehicle behaviour in sine-with-dwell manoeuvres is also discussed.

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Luo, Lu Feng, Shuang Sun, Qing Guo Meng, and Quo Qing Li. "The Process Planning Simulation of Multi-Axis Numerical Control Based on Virtual Reality." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3146.

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In view of the limitation of trial cutting or manual inspection of the process planning validation of conventional numerical control, a new method of planning process simulation based on virtual reality was proposed. Firstly, the structure and implementation scheme of simulation system were given, and the simulation platform was established. Then, the movement behavior of machine tool was analyzed in details, an event handle model based on message response mechanism was proposed. Take tool change for example, the behavior module and the motion mode of related components were described. Researched and inferred the solving process of the curved surface of tool sweeping. The NC code compiler and cutting process simulation were expounded. Finally, the system was realized by means of using Visual C++6.0, OpenGL, Virtools and so on, It could verify the rationality of process planning and achieve the accurate assess.

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Istiqomah, Fikriana Nur, Made Tirta, and Dian Anggareni. "Discriminant AnalysisFor Cluster Validation In A Case Study of District Grouping In Jember Regency Based On Poverty." Jurnal ILMU DASAR 20, no. 2 (July 16, 2019): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jid.v20i2.9862.

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Cluster validation is a procedure to evaluate the results of cluster analysis quantitively and objectively on a data. The validation process is very important to get the results of a good and appropriate grouping. In the validation process, the author uses internal validation, stability, and discriminant analysis test. This study aims to obtain validation results from the hierarchy and kmeans method. This data grouping uses “iris” simulation data, which results from the grouping method used can be applied to the original data to see which vaidation method is used for all data and produce an optimal grouping. The result of the study show that in the “iris” data, a single linkage link is an appropriate grouping method because the result of the grouping are optimal for all validations and classification of group members whose groups are significant. In District poverty data in Jember Regency with a single linkage link optimal grouping was obtained and complete linkage links were also used as a method that resulted in optimal groupig for all validation. Cluster validation discriminant analysis test is appropriate for various types of data in general annd shows that single linkage methods are better than other methods for grouping and validation methods for “iris” data and District data in Jember Regency based on variabels of poverty status. Keywords: Cluster Analysis, Diskriminant Analysis, Multivariate Analysis, Validation Cluster.

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REN, Chengkun, Fenfen XIONG, Yuanhao WANG, Na LI, Bo JIANG, and Zhiping GUO. "Model validation method by considering uncertainty for numerical simulation." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 41, no. 5 (October 2023): 987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20234150987.

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There is a great amount of uncertainties in the whole life cycle of a flight vehicle, which can induce anon-negligible uncertainty in the numerical simulation output, then the model validation of the numerical simulation is the premise of design optimization. Lots of researches on the uncertainty quantification (UQ) of numerical simulation has been carried out. However, literature has rarely seen works about performing scientific model parameter correction by using the results of UQ and establishing a closed-loop procedure of numerical simulation model validation in a systematic way. Therefore, a numerical simulation model validation method by considering uncertainties is proposed, and a model parameter correction approach based on high-quality small samples is developed, and then a closed-loop model validation process composed by uncertainty quantification, global sensitivity analysis, and parameter correction strategy to provide a scientific and systematic procedure for constructing high-fidelity numerical simulations is established. The effectiveness and advantages of the model validation method is verified through airfoil simulation.

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Lee, John D. "Validation of a Simulation Model to Evaluate Crew Size." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 41, no. 2 (October 1997): 978–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107118139704100257.

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This paper describes the validation of a computer-based model to help identify potential overload situations that would be difficult to anticipate through intuitive assessments of how automation and other factors affect personnel requirements on commercial ships. Development of the Crew Size Evaluation Model (CSEM) is motivated by the pervasive problem of estimating the number of people required to operate a system safely and effectively. CSEM is based on a discrete event simulation of shipboard activities and the utility of its guidance depends on its ability to predict crew work hours and shipboard activities. As with any complex simulation, creating an accurate model requires extensive validation. This paper describes a comprehensive, multi-method validation process, as applied to the validation of CSEM. The multi-method validation addresses: 1) Model scope, 2) Conceptual approach, 3) Model implementation, 4) Model input, 5) Model output. The results of this validation show that CSEM captures the essential elements of shipboard activities and provides a basis for evaluating operational changes, such as crew size, work schedules, maintenance policies, and voyage profiles. Similar multi-method validation approaches should be applied to any complex simulation model.

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Schnös, Florian, Dirk Hartmann, Birgit Obst, and Glenn Glashagen. "GPU accelerated voxel-based machining simulation." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 115, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2021): 275–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07001-w.

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AbstractThe simulation of subtractive manufacturing processes has a long history in engineering. Corresponding predictions are utilized for planning, validation and optimization, e.g., of CNC-machining processes. With the up-rise of flexible robotic machining and the advancements of computational and algorithmic capability, the simulation of the coupled machine-process behaviour for complex machining processes and large workpieces is within reach. These simulations require fast material removal predictions and analysis with high spatial resolution for multi-axis operations. Within this contribution, we propose to leverage voxel-based concepts introduced in the computer graphics industry to accelerate material removal simulations. Corresponding schemes are well suited for massive parallelization. By leveraging the computational power offered by modern graphics hardware, the computational performance of high spatial accuracy volumetric voxel-based algorithms is further improved. They now allow for very fast and accurate volume removal simulation and analysis of machining processes. Within this paper, a detailed description of the data structures and algorithms is provided along a detailed benchmark for common machining operations.

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Burkolter, Dina, Annette Kluge, Sinan German, and Britta Grauel. "Waste Water Treatment Simulation (WaTr Sim): Validation of a New Process Control Simulation Tool for Experimental Training Research." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 53, no. 26 (October 2009): 1969–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120905302619.

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We introduce a new simulation tool designed for experimental training research and present results from an experimental study conducted to validate it. The Waste Water Treatment Simulation (WaTr Sim) is a computer-based simulation of a complex process control task characterized by high dynamics, interrelated-ness, feedback delays, and opaqueness. It includes start-up and shut-down procedures, monitoring, and control. In a training experiment ( N = 48) WaTr Sim was evaluated and compared to a well-studied process control simulation called Cabin Air Management System (CAMS). Diagnostic performance on CAMS was especially related to those performance elements in WaTr Sim that required consideration of and adherence to fixed and contingent sequences. WaTr Sim has unique features, such as the possibility of creating scenarios to study instance-based learning or transfer tasks. Findings indicate that the simulation can be employed in training experiments to analyze various demands of process control tasks.

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Yang, Dayong, Furui Wei, Wei Wang, Yuchen Zhang, and Lingxin Zeng. "Finite Element Modelling and Experimental Validation of the Graphite Cutting Process." Processes 11, no. 9 (August 25, 2023): 2546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11092546.

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Graphite is extensively used in the engineering field due to its unique properties, and the study of its cutting mechanism has become particularly important. However, the brittle fracture mechanism of graphite makes it rather easy for cracks with a unique pattern of initiation and growth to develop when processing. Herein, the ABAQUS was selected to establish a finite element model (FEM) of the graphite cutting process. The internal crystal structure of graphite was modelled by a Voronoi structure, and a cohesion unit was globally embedded into the solid unit to simulate crack initiation and growth. In addition, the complete process of chip formation and removal was demonstrated. The analysis of the simulation results showed that the graphite material underwent three periodic cycles of material removal during the cutting process, i.e., large, tiny, and small removal stages. Meanwhile, the simulation results indicated that when ac was large enough, the crack gradually grew inside the graphite and then turned to the upper surface of the graphite. However, when ac was tiny enough, the cracks hardly expanded towards the inside of the graphite but grew upwards for a short period. Then, orthogonal cutting experiments of graphite were conducted, and the FEM was verified based on the experimental chip morphology, machined surface morphology, and current geometric model of the graphite cutting process. The simulation and experimental results were consistent. The hereby-presented FEM was a complement to simulations of the processing of brittle materials.

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Liu, Peng Tao, Rui Ming Ren, Tian Cang Zhang, and Dong Ying Ju. "Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Linear Friction Welding Process of Ti6Al4V Alloy." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 925–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.925.

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Using finite element analysis software of COSMAP, a three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model of linear friction welding (LFW) process of Ti6Al4V alloy was established. Based on metallo-thermo-mechanical theory relevant to describing the coupled fields of metallic structure, temperature and stress–strain, the temperature fields, phase transformation and stress fields during the LFW process were investigated in numerical simulation. Moreover, the validation experiment was carried out. The results showed that the simulation results of temperature，phase transformation and the residual stress were in good agreement with the experimental ones, which proved the numerical simulation to be reliable.

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Zhong, Gao Yan, and Yan Qing Wang. "NC Ultrasonic Machining Efficiency: Neural Network-Based Modeling and Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 406–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.406.

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To explore the impact of abrasive granularity, feed pressure and cutting feed speed on NC ultrasonic machining efficiency, a technological test was carried out, and based on the test results, back propagation (BP) neural network model was established and validated by simulation. The validation process showed that when relative error is less than ±10%, only two samples among 18 tested have larger errors. By the utilization of the BP network for training, correct fitting rate of machining efficiency target can be reached up to 88.9%. Our study indicates that (i) the output of the network is well fitted with the test data, (ii) the established model has good generalization ability to reflect the laws of NC ultrasonic machining process, and (iii) the model is suitable as a prediction tool for NC ultrasonic machining efficiency.

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Fitriyawany, Fitriyawany, Fena Julita, and Cut Rizki Mustika. "Development of e-Module based on Simulation PhET Fluid Material Dynamic in Senior High School." Asian Journal of Science Education 5, no. 2 (October 29, 2023): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/ajse.v5i2.32420.

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The facts obtained in the field are that technology-based learning media has not been used, there is a lack of teaching materials in the learning process, and inadequate laboratory facilities. The aim of this research is to design an e-module based on PhET simulation in fluid dynamics material for Senior High School and determine its feasibility. The method used in this development research (RD) is which refers to the development model developed by Alessi and Trollip which consists of three stages including (1) Planning, (2) Design and (3) Development. The research subjects consisted of 3 media experts and 3 material experts. The instrument used is a validation sheet. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The product resulting from this research is an e-module based on PhET Simulation Fluid Dynamic Material in senior high school. The results of material expert validation were obtained with a total percentage of 88.25%, while media expert validation obtained a total percentage of 97.62%. The resulting categories are classified into feasible criteria. The results of this research can be used as a solution to be applied in the learning process.

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Tamara, Leon Oviedo, Mikhail S. Lipkin, and Mikhail V. Lukovkin. "Effect of Current Density Distribution in the Zinc Plating Process." Solid State Phenomena 316 (April 2021): 839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.316.839.

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This paper presents an analysis of the current density distribution in the zinc plating process, using a two-dimension approach. The simulation presents a model based on COMSOL Multi-physics software. The simulation neglected the effect of mass transfer and production of gaseous species, in order to simplify the resolution. Additionally, a validation from the simulation through a comparison with the experimental data at similar conditions was performed. The results presented a good agreement between the experimental and simulated data. The graphics from both approaches showed a decreasing trend in the current density along the cathode length. This trend arises from the electrons movement in the electrodes; electrons flow through the least resistive path. Given the fact that zinc electroplating incurs an important industrial application, simulation is becoming a promising way to optimization and improvement.

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Buranathiti, Thaweepat, Jian Cao, Wei Chen, Lusine Baghdasaryan, and Z. Cedric Xia. "Approaches for Model Validation: Methodology and Illustration on a Sheet Metal Flanging Process." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 2 (May 1, 2006): 588–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1807852.

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Model validation has become an increasingly important issue in the decision-making process for model development, as numerical simulations have widely demonstrated their benefits in reducing development time and cost. Frequently, the trustworthiness of models is inevitably questioned in this competitive and demanding world. By definition, model validation is a means to systematically establish a level of confidence of models. To demonstrate the processes of model validation for simulation-based models, a sheet metal flanging process is used as an example with the objective that is to predict the final geometry, or springback. This forming process involves large deformation of sheet metals, contact between tooling and blanks, and process uncertainties. The corresponding uncertainties in material properties and process conditions are investigated and taken as inputs to the uncertainty propagation, where metamodels, known as a model of the model, are developed to efficiently and effectively compute the total uncertainty/variation of the final configuration. Three model validation techniques (graphical comparison, confidence interval technique, and r2 technique) are applied and examined; furthermore, strength and weakness of each technique are examined. The latter two techniques offer a broader perspective due to the involvement of statistical and uncertainty analyses. The proposed model validation approaches reduce the number of experiments to one for each design point by shifting the evaluation effort to the uncertainty propagation of the simulation model rather than using costly physical experiments.

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Cao, Wen Jiong, De Zhi Yang, Xin Wei Lu, Yi He, and Zhao Yao Zhou. "Numerical Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer during Filling Process Based on SPH Method." Advanced Materials Research 658 (January 2013): 276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.276.

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Expected to the non-grid characteristics and pure Lagrangian properties of SPH, the simulation of casting’s filling process would be simpler and precise. In this study, the implementations of SPH method are studied for liquid metal flow and heat transfer during the filling process. The temperature based thermophysical parameters are fitted and add into flow-heat coupling program. The temperature recovery method is included to consider the effect of latent heat. The validation of one-directional heat transfer problem shows that the SPH results have good agreement with the analytical results. The maximum relative error is less than 3%. Finally a circular part is calculated and proved that the SPH model used here works well and has enough precision to capture the behavior of the filling process.

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Van Rhijn, T., W. Du Preez, M. Maringa, and D. Kouprianoff. "Towards predicting process parameters for selective laser melting of titanium alloys through the modelling of melt pool characteristics." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 40, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.36303/satnt.2021cosaami.32.

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Various researchers have investigated the use of experimental melt pool characterization to speed up the optimisation process of selective laser melting parameters and found this to be possible. From their studies, it has become clear that the incorporation of modelling into this approach could provide efficient and predictable results that would minimise the experimental validation work required. This paper reports on progress made towards characterising the melt pool through simulation. The development of a numerical model is discussed. Subsequently, experimental validation of the numerical model is presented. This is done through a comparison of the simulation results with the experimentally determined cross-sectional geometry of single tracks created with various sets of process parameters. Melt pool size and shape are considered. Based on these results, it is concluded that using an identical simulation setup, verified simulation method, and verified material properties, it was possible to accurately determine the melt pool geometry for some, but not all process parameters.

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Jadrić, Mario, Ivana Ninčević Pašalić, and Maja Ćukušić. "Process Mining Contributions to Discrete-event Simulation Modelling." Business Systems Research Journal 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 51–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2020-0015.

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AbstractBackground: Over the last 20 years, process mining has become a vibrant research area due to the advances in data management technologies and techniques and the advent of new process mining tools. Recently, the links between process mining and simulation modelling have become an area of interest.Objectives: The objective of the paper was to demonstrate and assess the role of process mining results as an input for discrete-event simulation modelling, using two different datasets, one of which is considered data-poor while the other one data-rich.Methods/Approach: Statistical calculations and process maps were prepared and presented based on the event log data from two case studies (smart mobility and higher education) using a process mining tool. Then, the implications of the results across the building blocks (entities, activities, control-flows, and resources) of simulation modelling are discussed.Results: Apart from providing a rationale and the framework for simulation that is more efficient modelling based on process mining results, the paper provides contributions in the two case studies by deliberating and identifying potential research topics that could be tackled and supported by the new combined approach.Conclusions: Event logs and process mining provide valuable information and techniques that could be a useful input for simulation modelling, especially in the first steps of building discreteevent models, but also for validation purposes.

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Zhao, Yang, Jie Jin, and Jiang Fan. "Research on Multi-Solver Simulation Interface of Aero-Engine Compressor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 404 (September 2013): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.404.331.

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Establish a CFD simulation interface for compressor aerodynamic analysis based on general CFD software. The simulation interface includes data format, process and interface standard. Data format based on CGNS is built for cross-platform restoring and retrieving mass data. The designing of process references the process of general CFD analysis and the compressor aerodynamic analysis. The interface standard is used to import and the parameters and export them into corresponding profiles according to the demand of different computation modules. Validation results for the simulation interface using a single-stage transonic axial compressor fan ATS-2 shows that the setting process is more convenient and achieves a certain degree of automation.

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Fourlakidis, Vasilios, Ilia Belov, and Attila Diószegi. "Strength Prediction for Pearlitic Lamellar Graphite Iron: Model Validation." Metals 8, no. 9 (August 31, 2018): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8090684.

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The present work provides validation of the ultimate tensile strength computational models, based on full-scale lamellar graphite iron casting process simulation, against previously obtained experimental data. Microstructure models have been combined with modified Griffith and Hall–Petch equations, and incorporated into casting simulation software, to enable the strength prediction for four pearlitic lamellar cast iron alloys with various carbon contents. The results show that the developed models can be successfully applied within the strength prediction methodology along with the simulation tools, for a wide range of carbon contents and for different solidification rates typical for both thin- and thick-walled complex-shaped iron castings.

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Recknagel, Friedrich, Lydia Cetin, and Byron Zhang. "Process-based simulation library SALMO-OO for lake ecosystems. Part 1: Object-oriented implementation and validation." Ecological Informatics 3, no. 2 (April 2008): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2008.04.002.

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Istiqomah, Fikriana Nur, I. Made Tirta, and Dian Anggraeni. "ANALISIS DISKRIMINAN UNTUK VALIDASI CLUSTER PADA STUDI KASUS PENGELOMPOKAN KECAMATAN DI KABUPATEN JEMBER BERDASARKAN STATUS KEMISKINAN." Majalah Ilmiah Matematika dan Statistika 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/mims.v18i1.17239.

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. Cluster validation is a procedure to evaluate the results of cluster analysis quantitatively and objectively on a data. The validation process is very important to get the results of a good and appropriate grouping. In the validation process, the author uses internal validation, stability, and discriminant analysis test. This study aims to obtain validation results from the hierarchy and kmeans method. This data grouping uses “iris” simulation data, which results from the grouping method used can be applied to the original data to see which validation method is used for all data and produce an optimal grouping. The result of the study show that in the “iris” data, a single linkage link is an appropriate grouping method because the result of the grouping are optimal for all validations and classification of group members whose groups are significant. In Sub-district poverty data in Jember district with a single linkage link optimal grouping was obtained and complete linkage links were also used as a method that resulted in optimal grouping for all validation. Cluster validation using discriminant analysis test is appropriate for various types of data in general and shows that single linkage methods are better than other methods for grouping and validation methods for “iris” data and Sub-district data in Jember district based on variables of poverty status. Keywords: Cluster Analysis, Diskriminant Analysis, Multivariate Analysis, Validation Cluster

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Han, Xiaolan, Shengdun Zhao, Chen Liu, Chao Chen, and Fan Xu. "Optimization of geometrical design of clinching tools in clinching process with extensible dies." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 21 (July 19, 2016): 3889–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216660336.

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Due to the importance of geometrical design of clinching tools, the clinching process with extensible dies was investigated numerically and experimentally to seek for optimal parameters of clinching tools in this study. The joining parameters, including punch corner radius, sliding distance, die depth and bottom thickness, were optimized using the orthogonal experimental design simulation method based on the evaluation of tensile strength. The simulation results were validated through an experimental setup testing on material aluminum alloy Al5052. The orthogonal experimental design simulation results showed reasonably good agreement with the experimental results. To further investigate the validation of the simulation model, the different bottom thicknesses within a reasonable range of value were studied. The results also indicated that the simulation model could be employed to predict the joint forming by the clinching process with extensible dies.

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Sykora, Henrik Tamás, Attila Kovács, and Dániel Bachrathy. "VALIDATION OF CUTTING FORCE CHARACTERISTIC FOR COMPLEX TOOLPATH." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 3 (February 11, 2016): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2016.3.0078.

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In the design phase of the milling process, there is a great need for the prediction of the cutting force, the required torque and power of the spindle. These informations could be used to optimize the tool path and improve the material removal rate. In this work, we present our dexel based simulation software, its modules, calculations steps and the simulation method. Different force models were analysed to describe the specific force as a function of the local chip thickness. The models were fitted to the measured force data. Then the selected force model was validated in case of a complex tool path.

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Berger, Evan, Michael Miles, Andrew Curtis, Paul Blackhurst, and Yuri Hovanski. "2D Axisymmetric Modeling of Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding and Experimental Validation." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6, no. 4 (August 18, 2022): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6040089.

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The development of the simulation of refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) is critical to be able to predict the behavior of aluminum in the process under specific parameters. A two-dimensional axisymmetric thermo-mechanical model of the RFSSW process for 7075-T6 aluminum alloy sheet was developed and validated with experimental data. Welding temperatures and material flow, including defect formation, were accurately predicted by the model. While these results are encouraging, further development of bonding criteria is needed for simulation models, in order to enable the prediction of properties such as joint strength. The simulation was validated by a comparison of temperatures measured in the weld, which were demonstrated to be accurate at all positions in and around the weld nugget, within 10% of measured values. Additional validation of material flow was performed with post-weld optical microscopy where the simulation is shown to be able to predict the presence or absence of internal volumetric defects based on the variation in process parameters. Finally, the prediction of the tool process forces during the welding cycle were evaluated; however, both probe and shoulder forces were overestimated using the standard flow stress data for AA 7075-T6.

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Lee, C., S. W. Choi, and I. B. Lee. "Sensor fault diagnosis in a wastewater treatment process." Water Science and Technology 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.027.

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There are many sensors in a wastewater treatment process (WWTP) plant for monitoring process performance and condition. Sensor validation is essential to the success of process monitoring. In this paper, various sensor faults which can occur in WWTP are identified for taking proper remedial action at an early time. A proposed sensor fault isolation method is based on the variable reconstruction using principal component analysis (PCA). Even though several methods have been developed to identify sensor faults, they are only applicable to a static process. In other words, they cannot be successfully used to monitor severe dynamic processes such as WWTPs. We have removed this limitation by developing reconstruction methods based on a dynamic version of PCA. Artificial scenarios of sensor faults generated from the simulation benchmark have been used to validate the proposed sensor identifying methodology. Also, it is compared to a previous method to show its relative superiority in sensor fault validation in the WWTP.

Journal articles on the topic 'Simulation-Based Validation process'

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