Relevant bibliographies by topics / Simple RT

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Simple RT'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Simple RT"

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Klebe, Robert J., Sylvia A. Rodriguez, Melissa L. VerBeek, and Troy A. Giambernardi. "Simple Method for “Hot-Starting” RT-PCR." BioTechniques 27, no. 6 (December 1999): 1108–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/99276bm03.

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TAKASHIMA, Shimpei, Akihiro IKEZOE, Masayoshi KONDO, Daisuke JINNO, Tatsuhito HARU, Kazuya MURANAGA, Manabu IIDA, Masayuki NAGASE, and Hiroyuki NAKAMOTO. "1P1-C03 RT-Component of Scanning Laser Range Finder : Simple crime prevention system using RT-middleware." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2007 (2007): _1P1—C03_1—_1P1—C03_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2007._1p1-c03_1.

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Kinugasa, Takashi, Keisuke Fukuda, Ryuichi Nakamura, and Toru Hosokawa. "Sequence of Preparatory Set for Response Movement." Perceptual and Motor Skills 66, no. 2 (April 1988): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1988.66.2.515.

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Electromyographic reaction times (EMG-RTs) of the right biceps brachii muscle were examined for two movement patterns, elbow flexion and forearm supination, in 8 healthy male subjects under simple and complex RT conditions with varied preparatory intervals (PIs): 0, 200, 400, 600, and 800 msec. In the simple RT condition, the subject was informed of the movement patterns to be performed prior to beginning the trials. In the complex RT condition the subject had to choose one of the two movement patterns at the time of the presentation of a warning signal. The results indicated that: (1) compared with the simple RT condition a delay of about 100 msec. in over-all mean EMG-RT was observed at PI = 0 msec. in the complex RT condition; (2) the difference of over-all mean EMG-RT between the two RT conditions disappeared when PI = 400 msec.; and (3) the difference in EMG-RTs between flexion and supination in the complex RT condition became the same as that in the simple RT condition when PI = 700 msec. It is assumed that the preparatory set for response movements is organized in an order, resulting in the differentiation of RT.
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Drummond, Neil M., Erin K. Cressman, and Anthony N. Carlsen. "Startle reveals decreased response preparatory activation during a stop-signal task." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 986–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00216.2016.

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In a stop-signal task participants are instructed to initiate a movement in response to a go signal, but to inhibit this movement if an infrequent stop signal is presented after the go. Reaction time (RT) in a stop-signal task is typically longer compared with that in a simple RT task, which may be attributed to a reduced readiness to initiate the response caused by the possibility of having to inhibit the response. The purpose of this experiment was to probe the preparatory activation level of the motor response during a stop-signal task using a startling acoustic stimulus (SAS), which has been shown to involuntarily trigger sufficiently prepared responses at a short latency. Participants completed two separate tasks: a simple RT task, followed by a stop-signal RT task. During both tasks, an SAS (120 dB) was pseudorandomly presented concurrently with the go signal. As expected, RT during the simple RT task was significantly shorter than during the stop-signal task. A significant reduction in RT was noted when an SAS was presented during the simple RT task; however, during the stop-signal task, an SAS resulted in either a significant speeding or a moderate delay in RT. Additionally, the subset of SAS trial responses with the shortest RT latencies produced during the stop-signal task were also delayed compared with the short-latency SAS trial responses observed during the simple RT task. Despite evidence that a response was prepared in advance of the go signal during a stop-signal task, it appears that the amount of preparatory activation was reduced compared with that achieved during a simple RT task.
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Mattes, Stefan, Rolf Ulrich, and Jeff Miller. "Effects of Response Probability on Response Force in Simple RT." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 50, no. 2 (May 1997): 405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713755714.

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Response force (RF) was measured in a simple reaction time (RT) experiment varying response uncertainty by cuing the probability of the response on each trial. In all cases, RF decreased as response probability increased. The dependence of RF on response probability was insensitive to foreperiod length and to the use of loud auditory response signals, although the dependence of RT on response probability was sensitive to both of these manipulations. In combination with previous findings, these results provide evidence that RT and RF can be dissociated. We describe an extension of Näätanen's readiness model that can account for the effects of response probability on RF and RT. According to this model, the distance between motor activation and a threshold for action is relatively large when subjects are unprepared, and a large increment is needed to exceed this threshold, resulting in slow but foreceful responses. A possible neurophysiological implementation of this model is suggested.
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Nielsen, Darhl, and Carl McGown. "Information Processing as a Predictor of Offensive Ability in Baseball." Perceptual and Motor Skills 60, no. 3 (June 1985): 775–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1985.60.3.775.

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It has become very popular to view the human as a processor of information, with reaction time (RT) used in various ways to measure the speed of information processing. In many sports quick decisions are essential to success. It is tempting to study reaction time, infer information-processing ability, and use the results to make predictions about success. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between various RT and movement time (MT) measures [simple RT, simple MT, simple total response time (TRT), choice RT, choice MT, choice TRT, and information-processing ability as determined by the increase in RT from simple to eight-choice conditions] with batting average, slugging percentage, and total average. 40 varsity baseball players from Colorado State University, University of Wyoming, University of Utah, and Brigham Young University were given 24 practice attempts followed by 48 experimental attempts for both simple and choice RT and MT. These scores were then correlated with batting averages, slugging percentages, and total averages. This research demonstrated no relationship between the various measurements of reaction and movement times and offensive ability in baseball.
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Urban, M., R. Rozental, and D. C. Spray. "A simple RT-PCR-based strategy for screening connexin identity." Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 32, no. 8 (August 1999): 1029–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-879x1999000800014.

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Mattes, Stefan, Rolf Ulrich, and Jeff Miller. "Effects of Response Probability on Response Force in Simple RT." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A 50, no. 2 (May 1, 1997): 405–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/027249897392152.

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Saron, C. D., H. G. Vaughan, J. J. Foxe, and G. V. Simpson. "Multiple Visuomotor Activation and Motor Output Pathways in Simple RT." NeuroImage 7, no. 4 (May 1998): S960. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(18)31793-2.

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Ningrum, Esti Prasetya, Sedyo Hartono, Sri Sulandari, and Susamto Somowiyarjo. "Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Crinivirus Detection Using RNA Prepared from Three Extraction Methods on Tomato Plant." Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia 23, no. 2 (December 3, 2019): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpti.36558.

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Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) are members of the Crinivirus genus that induces yellowing symptoms in tomato plants. Detection of both viruses is generally carried out singly, thus it is necessary to develop a fast, accurate and efficient detection method to detect multiple viruses simultaneously in an effort to determine the suitable disease management strategies. This study was aimed to detect both viruses using the multiplex RT-PCR method and evaluate three methods of total RNA preparation used from tomato plants as RT-PCR templates. The methods evaluated were simple direct tube (SDT), simple dsRNA, and commercial kit (RNeasy Plant Mini Kit) as a comparison. The total source of RNA came from Crinivirus symptomatic tomato leaves from Kopeng, and Ketep (Central Java); Pakem (Yogyakarta); Malang (East Java); and Bogor (West Java). Single RT-PCR and multiplex RT-PCR using specific primers CPd I/CPd II and ToCV CF/ToCV CR with DNA band targets of 760 bp and 360 bp. The SDT and dsRNA methods have been successful in obtaining total RNA and viral RNA from tomato leaf samples. Total RNA RT-PCR with simple SDT and dsRNA methods followed by multiplex RT-PCR produces specific DNA band intensities that are comparable to Kit. RNA preparation with SDT and simple dsRNA methods is a simple, fast, easy and affordable method in providing templates for RT-PCR. Multiplex RT-PCR technique using two pairs of specific primers CPd I/CPd II and ToCV CF/ToCV CR is suitable for simultaneous testing of TICV and ToCV.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Simple RT"

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Herberger, Simone Diana [Verfasser], Arthur [Akademischer Betreuer] Konnerth, and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlegel. "Entwicklung einer hochauflösenden quantitativen Einzelzell-RT-PCR Methode im Echtzeitverfahren in akuten Hirnschnitten der Ratte / Simone Diana Herberger. Gutachter: Arthur Konnerth ; Jürgen Schlegel. Betreuer: Arthur Konnerth." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1069199621/34.

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PIERANTOZZI, ENRICO. "Isolamento e caratterizzazione di sottopopolazioni ES-simili dal sangue di cordone ombelicale e periferico umani e dal midollo osseo murino." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/208313.

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During the last few years much progress has been made in the knowledge of adult and embryonic stem cell biological properties. The ability to isolate and culture in conditions that allow the expansion of these cells without their losing stem potential, has helped in using stem cells as a tool to treat patients suffering from certain cellular degenerative diseases or affected with a specific cellular population loss of functionality. Because of their wide potentialities, embryonic stem cells (ES) obtained from blastocyst inner cell mass, appear to have the best chance as a tool to treat degenerative diseases affecting tissues of different embryonic origin. Biological difficulties (such as the risk of uncontrolled proliferation, graft versus host disease, the need to set culture conditions free of non-human compounds) and, above all, legal and ethical problems, seem to prevent the therapeutic application of such cells. The identification and characterization of an ES-like cell population in adult tissues might be of great help to exploit these cells in the medical field. In this thesis I show that a cellular population featuring certain molecular ES cell properties, may be isolated from human cord blood after depletion of all differentiated cells but monocytes, followed by the positive selection of cells bearing p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). Cytofluorimetric assays revealed that a fraction of p75NTR+ cells express SSEA3 and SSEA4, two typical human ES cell glycolipidic markers. Real Time RT-PCR assays showed that, following the selection for p75NTR+, a cell population is obtained that expresses very high levels of Oct4 and Nanog, two transcription factors whose importance in ES stemness and self-renewal is largely documented. Further increase of Oct4 and Nanog expression level is obtained following depletion of cells bearing Mac-1, a typical monocytes marker. A similar study has been made in human peripheral blood and mouse bone marrow. Data obtained by Real Time RT-PCR assays, have shown that in two out of four samples of adult peripheral blood analysed by the above selection method, following isolation of p75NTR+ cells, a cell population expressing high levels of Oct4 and Nanog was obtained. In 4-5 weeks-old mouse bone marrow, the highest expression of Oct4 and Nanog has been detected in p75NTR+/Mac-1- cells, while, in older mice (13-14 weeks), such expression increase has been detected in p75NTR+/Mac-1+ cells. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether these cells, in addition to bearing ES cell molecular markers, also have functional ES-like properties and can be classified as true ES-like cells
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Book chapters on the topic "Simple RT"

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MacDougall, Niall, and Andrew Morgan. "Putting the IT in RT." In Physics for Clinical Oncology, 45—C4.P52. 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198862864.003.0004.

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Abstract ‘Putting the IT into RT’ addresses the whole process of modern RT from introduction of patient demographic data into a Hospital Information System, through imaging associated with target definition, treatment planning and delivery, to end of treatment and eventually follow-up as it works ‘under the bonnet’ in a fully electronic department. The chapter also provides a simple set of references for all IT concepts that occur in the book. Frequently used terms such as DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine), IP addressing, databases, IT security, and ‘the cloud’ are described. The chapter summarizes the possibilities and benefits of modern radiotherapy IT systems, but also the potential pitfalls and dangers that might befall the unwary.
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Alhamid, Galyah, and Huseyin Tombuloglu. "Perspective Chapter: Recent Progressions on the Colorimetric Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay." In Infectious Diseases. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105911.

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A simple, fast, and accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is of great importance for the patient’s isolation, treatment, and the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although RT-qPCR is accepted as the gold standard, studies to improve fast, simple, and more reliable diagnostic methods are continuing. Colorimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a method that allows visual detection of SARS-CoV-2 without needing expensive fluorescence readers. However, the performance of the assay depends on some factors, such as selection of a target gene (i.e., N, RdRp, S, E, M), primer design, the dye used for visual observation—neutral red, calcein, cresol red, or phenol red—and the reaction conditions such as the buffer pH, reaction temperature, and enzyme concentration. In the last 2 years, plenty of research has been conducted to obtain the best performance. In this chapter, the recent progressions on colorimetric RT-LAMP assay for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 are comprehensively elucidated.
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Ernandini, Endang, and William Giovanni Mulyanaga. "Resistance Training is Medicine: Stay Active and Reap the Reward, Live in your Life!" In Resistance Training [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109973.

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The world of physical medicine and rehabilitation still believes that exercise is medicine. Muscle mass will naturally decrease with aging, 3–8% every decade after a person turns 30 years old, getting worse over the age of 50 years, which is 5–10% every decade. Some studies state that for healthy people, resistance training (RT) performed 2–3 times per week with 12–20 total sets of exercises will add muscle mass. The addition of 1.4 kg of muscle mass was accompanied by the disappearance of about 1.8 kg of fat. RT plus aerobic exercises (AE) complemented with caloric resistance (CR) can result in a reduction of 5.1 kg or 7.1% of fat. Some research papers state that for stable CAD patients starting with 3 months of AE followed by an RT program of 40–60% intensity 1x RM, 1–2 sets, 8–10 repetitions, 2–3 days per week, duration not more than 60 minutes. Recommendation for a person with intellectual disability can be simple and harmless RT tools. The prescription for COVID-19 survivors consists of AE for 5 to 30 minutes with low to moderate intensity, plus 1–2 sets of RT, 8–10 reps at 30–80% 1xRM.
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Marques, Geovana Caliente, Heloísa Fusetto de Lima, Lidyane Bortoleto Garcia, Wagner Moneda Telini, Vera Lúcia Dorigão Guimarães, and Daniele Cristina Bofo. "Analysis of the quality of diagnostic tests for COVID-19 in a city in the northwestern region of Sao Paulo." In COLLECTION OF INTERNATIONAL TOPICS IN HEALTH SCIENCE- V1. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/colleinternhealthscienv1-021.

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In Brazil, the first cases of COVID-19, were diagnosed in February; on the 3rd of the same month, the country declared a Public Health Emergency of National Importance (ESPIN). The National Contingency Plan for COVID-19 was initiated, which in addition to the health measures, created TeleSUS. Given this scenario, the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA), approves the expansion of testing. Most of the techniques used are: reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), lateral flow technique, rapid individual test; and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the gold standard technique is from RT-PCR. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the quality of diagnostic tests in a city in the Northwestern region of the state of São Paulo. This was evaluated by means of a cross-sectional, observational and individual study, with simple random probabilistic sampling, with exclusion criteria for deaths and people with incomplete data in the list. It was analyzed, 215 residents, hospitalized, who performed the standard other test (RT-PCR) and TR, between June/2020-June/2021, in local and referral hospitals. The diagnostic tests, RT-PCR and TR, were analyzed categorically, from the development of 2x2 frequency tables. When analyzing the TR, it was observed that the sensitivity in 2020 was 95% and the specificity 17%; in 2021, the sensitivity was 100% and the specificity 37.5%. The PPV in 2020 was 71% and in 2021, 93%. The VPN in 2020 was 66% and in 2021 100%. It was possible to conclude that the TR proved to be a valid tool to follow up the notification strategy and monitoring of suspected cases in the midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Analyses like this could compose dynamic management strategies, as potential sentinel indicators.
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Ajmal Khan, M., and Yasuaki Ishikawa. "Indium (In)-Catalyzed Silicon Nanowires (Si NWs) Grown by the Vapor–Liquid–Solid (VLS) Mode for Nanoscale Device Applications." In Nanowires - Recent Progress. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97723.

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Stacking fault free and planar defects (twin plane) free catalyzed Si nanowires (Si NWs) is essential for the carrier transport in the nanoscale devices applications. In this chapter, In-catalyzed, vertically aligned and cone-shaped Si NWs arrays were grown by using vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mode on Si (111) substrates. We have successfully controlled the verticality and (111)-orientation of Si NWs as well as scaled down the diameter to 18 nm. The density of Si NWs was also enhanced from 2.5 μm−2 to 70 μm−2. Such vertically aligned, (111)-oriented p-type Si NWs are very important for the nanoscale device applications including Si NWs/c-Si tandem solar cells and p-Si NWs/n-InGaZnO Heterojunction LEDs. Next, the influence of substrate growth temperature (TS), cooling rate (∆TS/∆𝑡) on the formation of planar defects, twining along [112] direction and stacking fault in Si NWs perpendicular to (111)-orientation were deeply investigated. Finally, one simple model was proposed to explain the formation of stacking fault, twining of planar defects in perpendicular direction to the axial growth direction of Si NWs. When the TS was decreased from 600°C with the cooling rate of 100°C/240 sec to room temperature (RT) after Si NWs growth then the twin planar defects perpendicular to the substrate and along different segments of (111)-oriented Si NWs were observed.
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Hanahan, Donald J. "Isolation and Identification of Cellular Phospholipids." In A Guide to Phospholipid Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195079814.003.0006.

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In this chapter, some of the types of methodologies currently in use for isolation and analysis of cellular phospholipids will be outlined. Such techniques can be readily applied to experiments designed to explore the involvement of phospholipids in cellular events, such as stimulus-induced activation. Primary attention will be paid to the human platelet. If you need to justify the choice of human platelets as the cell of choice, a number of highly creditable reasons can be cited. Only three need to be considered at this point. First, the circulating platelet is of paramount importance in hemostasis, and there is convincing evidence that its membrane phospholipids are intimately involved in this process. Second, these cells can serve as excellent targets or model systems for stimulus-induced activation in which the membrane phospholipids play an important role. Third, human platelets can be isolated from whole blood by a simple, convenient centrifugal approach. Human donors are available at a very reasonable cost, and the platelets obtained from a varied spectrum of donors show remarkable consistency. Thus, one can undertake their isolation using the following method and have them available for immediate experimentation. Nonfasting venous blood is drawn (with informed consent) from male or female subjects between the ages of 20 and 40 years, who are considered to be normal and healthy and had not ingested platelet-active medication for at least 10 days prior. Blood is obtained by insertion of a butterfly infusion set (12-in. tubing from Abbott Hospitals, Inc., North Chicago, IL) with a 1-in. x 19-gauge needle into the antecubital vein. A few milliliters of blood is allowed to flow before a 60-ml plastic syringe containing 7.5 ml of an ACD [10.8% citric acid, 2.2% trisodium citrate, and 2% dextrose (w/v)] solution was attached. Four syringes were filled to the 50-ml mark and inverted gently, and the contents were transferred carefully into 50-ml plastic tubes that are then capped. The blood-to-ACD volume ratio is 6:1 (v/v). The tubes are centrifuged at 2000 rpm (830g) in a Sorvall RT 6000 centrifuge at 24°C for 15 min.
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Kosuge, Koji. "Examples of the Practical Use of Non-Stoichiometric Compounds." In Chemistry of Non-stoichiometric Compounds. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198555551.003.0006.

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In this chapter, we describe four kinds of non-stoichiometric compound, which are or will be in practical use, from the viewpoint of preparation methods or utility. As a first example, the solid electrolyte (ZrO2)0.85(CaO)0.15 is described, which are discussed in Sections 1.4.6–1.4.8 from the viewpoint of basic characteristics. The second example is the magnetic material Mn–Zn ferrite, for which the control of non-stoichiometry and the manufacturing process will be described. Then the metal hydrides or hydrogen absorbing alloys, which are one of the most promising materials for storing and transporting hydrogen in the solid state, are described, mainly focusing on the phase relation. Finally, we describe the relation between the control of composition and the growth of a single crystal of the semiconductive compound GaAs, which is expected to give electronic materials for 1C and LSI etc. Solid electrolytes, which show ionic conductivity in the solid state, are considered to be potential materials for practical use, some are already used as mentioned below. Solid electrolytes have characteristic functions, such as electromotive force, ion selective transmission, and ion omnipresence. Here we describe the practical use of calcia stabilized zirconia (CSZ), (ZrO2)0.85(CaO)0.15, the structure and basic properties of which are discussed in detail in Sections 1.4.5–1.4.8. The most simple practical application of CSZ is for the gauge of oxygen partial pressure, as mentioned in Sections 1.4.7 and 1.4.8. The oxygen partial pressure P2o2 in the closed system as shown in Fig. 3.1 can be measured, taking the air as the standard oxygen pressure P1o2. The electromotive force (EMF) of this concentration cell is expressed as . . . E = (RT/4F)ln(P1o2/ P2o2) . . . This principle is applied in the measurement of oxygen partial pressure in laboratory experiments and of the oxygen activity of slag in refineries. Based on the principle of coulometric titration (see Section 1.4.8), the oxygen partial pressure of a closed system can be kept constant by feedback of the EMF, in the oxygen pressure range 1 to 10−7 atm. By use of this closed system, investigations on redox reactions of metals and also enzyme reactions have been carried out.
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Mani, Santosh, and Manisha J. Nene. "Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Detection and Mitigation in Software Defined Mesh Networks." In Recent Trends in Intensive Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210218.

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Networks configured in Mesh topology provide Network security in the form of redundancy of communication links. But redundancy also contributes to complexity in configuration and subsequent troubleshooting. Critical networks like Backbone Networks (used in Cloud Computing) deploy the Mesh topology which provides additional security in terms of redundancy to ensure availability of services. Distributed Denial of Service attacks are one of the most prominent attacks that cause an immense amount of loss of data as well as monetary losses to service providers. This paper proposes a method by which using SDN capabilities and sFlow-RT application, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks is detected and consequently mitigated by using REST API to implement Policy Based Flow Management through the SDN Controller which will help in ensuring uninterrupted services in scenarios of such attacks and also further simply and enhance the management of Mesh architecture-based networks.
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Ross, John, Igor Schreiber, and Marcel O. Vlad. "Introduction to Chemical Kinetic Processes." In Determination of Complex Reaction Mechanisms. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195178685.003.0004.

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It is useful to have a brief discussion of some kinetic processes that we shall treat in later chapters. Some, but not all, of the material in this chapter is presented in [1] in more detail. A macroscopic, deterministic chemical reacting system consists of a number of different species, each with a given concentration (molecules or moles per unit volume). The word “macroscopic” implies that the concentrations are of the order of Avogadro’s number (about 6.02 × 1023) per liter. The concentrations are constant at a given instant, that is, thermal fluctuations away from the average concentration are negligibly small (more in section 2.3). The kinetics in many cases, but far from all, obeys mass action rate expressions of the type . . . dA/dt = k(T )AαBβ . . . (2.1) . . . where T is temperature, A is the concentration of species A, the same for B, and possibly other species indicated by dots in the equation, and α and β are empirically determined “orders” of reaction. The rate coefficient k is generally a function of temperature and frequently a function of T only. The dependence of k on T is given empirically by the Arrhenius equation . . . k(T ) = C exp−Ea/RT (2.2) . . . where C, the frequency factor, is either nearly constant or a weakly dependent function of temperature, and Ea is the activation energy. Rate coefficients are averages of reaction cross-sections, as measured for example by molecular beam experiments. The a priori calculation of cross-sections from quantum mechanical fundamentals is extraordinarily difficult and has been done to good accuracy only for the simplest trimolecular systems (such as D + H2). A widely used alternative approach is based on activated complex theory. In its simplest form, two reactants collide and form an activated complex, said to be in equilibrium. One degree of freedom of the complex, a vibration, is allowed to lead to the dissociation of the complex to products, and the rate of that dissociation is taken to be the rate of the reaction.
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Conference papers on the topic "Simple RT"

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McGrath, D., A. Hunt, and M. Bates. "A simple distributed simulation architecture for emergency response exercises." In DS-RT 2005 Proceedings. Ninth IEEE International Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/distra.2005.7.

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Biswas, Swethajit, Madeleine Wood, Abhijit Joshi, Nick Bown, Lisa Strain, Philip Kane, Tommy Martinsson, et al. "Abstract 5082: Whole-exome sequencing of an adult pituitary atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) - A not so simple genome as pediatric AT/RT." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-5082.

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Betiol Júnior, José Roque, Robson Costa, Luciana Rech, and Ricardo Moraes. "Avaliação experimental do protocolo RT-WiFi em ambientes abertos." In XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2019.7351.

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Networks known as WiFi (IEEE 802.11 standard) are widely used in applications ranging from simple home environments systems to complex control systems network. However, the extensions incorporated into the standard to provide Quality of Service (QoS) are still unable to guarantee time constraints for real-time (RT) communications requirements. This paper presents an experimental validation of the RT-WiFi protocol that was recently proposed and analyzed through simulation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the RT-WiFi protocol and improving the QoS level of communications through a comparative analysis with the EDCA mechanism, which is a mechanism incorporated in the IEEE 802.11 standard to provide different levels of transmission priority of different types of traffic.
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"DESIGN OF REAL-TIME SYSTEMS BY SYSTEMATIC TRANSFORMATION OF UML/RT MODELS INTO SIMPLE TIMED PROCESS ALGEBRA SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS." In 8th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002451002900297.

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Daimallah, A., M. Lebbi, and M. S. Lounici. "Effect of The Tower-Chimney Form on The Flow Behavior Inside a Solar Chimney Power Plant." In Topical Problems of Fluid Mechanics 2022. Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/tpfm.2022.005.

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Solar chimney power plant is one of the cleanest technologies to produce electric power from solar energy. It combines simple technologies such as solar thermal collector, chimney, and turbine. The aim of the present study is to investigate numerically the effect of the radius ratio Rt*(outlet/inlet) and the divergence height of the tower-chimney At* on the thermo-hydrodynamic behavior in a solar chimney. A 2D axisymmetric turbulent model is adopted, considering Manzanares prototype. The momentum and energy quations are solved using the finite volume method. A standard K-? turbulent model is used. The obtained results show that radius ratio Rt* and divergence height of the tower-chimney At* affect the flow behavior. Also, an increase in velocity and mass flow rate is recorded versus the solar radiation Q.
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Nakajima, Shuro. "Proposal for step-up gait of RT-Mover, a four-wheel-type mobile robot for rough terrain with simple leg mechanism." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2010.5723352.

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Winter, Daniel T. "An Examination of the Alternative Methods Used by the Investment Casting Industry to Produce Sacrificial Patterns: Have All of the Available Options Been Considered?" In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12880.

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The investment casting (IC) process has remained relatively unchanged throughout recorded history [1]. Indeed, there have been refinements to the individual processes required to produce castings; pattern making, the ceramic materials used to create the molds, foundry equipment, and post-cast processing of the castings. All have undergone numerous improvements. Yet, with the innovations that IC foundries have enjoyed, the casting process still requires a one-to-one ratio to produce an IC component from a sacrificial master pattern [2]. It is the alternative technologies used to produce the sacrificial master pattern that are the focus of this paper. New product development and introduction (NPDI) of an IC component requires the expertise of several engineering disciplines. Communications between the various engineering disciplines are critical to assure that cost effective decisions during product design and process development are made. With that in mind, several of the options available to the engineering teams responsible for NPDI are explored in the subsequent text. Rapid prototype (RP) technologies have played a crucial role during NPDI. The patterns produced using the various forms of RP technologies have allowed the IC industry to be considered by design engineers as a viable manufacturing option for their products. A more recent development in the United States is rapid tooling (RT). RT is an additive process, using metal to build the individual layers of the cavity block or the cavity insert. The finished component can then be used as a wax pattern cavity. Engineering teams should also consider a combination of RT and traditional wax pattern tooling. The complex pattern cavities are produced using RT while the more simple components are produced using traditional tooling. For IC foundries to be competitive all available pattern making options must be considered. Multi-disciplined engineering teams will play an important role choosing the technologies discussed. With careful consideration, the engineering teams responsible for NPDI can ensure the future of the IC industry.
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Dongxu, Liu, Xu Dongling, Zhang Shuhui, and Hu Xiaoying. "A Quantitative Approach for Reliability Evaluation of Safety I&C Systems in Nuclear Power Plants." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66483.

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The probability that the safety I&C system fails to actuate or advertently actuates RT or ESF functions, in part, essentially determines whether a nuclear power plant could operate safely and efficiently. Since more conservative assumptions and simplifications are introduced during the analysis, this paper achieves solid results by performing the modeling and calculation based on a relatively simple approach, the reliability block diagram (RBD) method. A typical safety I&C platform structure is involved in the model presented in this paper. From the perspective of conservation and simplicity, some assumptions are adopted in this paper. A group of formulas is derived in this paper based on Boolean algebra, probability theory, basic reliability concepts and equations, to facilitate the calculations of probabilities that the safety I&C system fails to actuate or advertently actuates RT or ESF functions. All the inputs of the analysis and calculation in this paper, which includes the I&C platform structure, the constitution of the hardware modules, and reliability data, are referenced to the nuclear power plant universal database where applicable. Although the conclusion drawn in the paper doesn’t apply to the I&C platform assessment for a specific plant, the method of modeling and process of analysis provides an illustration of an alternative quantitative reliability assessment approach for a typical safety I&C system installed in the nuclear power plant.
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Hampson, Leonard M., and Bruce M. Warnes. "Extending the Service Life of Gas Turbine Hardware: (II) Engine Testing." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0560.

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An engine test program was undertaken to evaluate a novel component repair process. First stage, high pressure turbine airfoils with either a simple aluminide (Codep on Rene’80) or a high activity Pt aluminide (RT-22 on Rene’142) were studied. Components refurbished with a partial strip, repair and CVD recoat process were installed in rainbow rotors which included new airfoils and/or components with full repairs (complete strip, weld repair and recoat). Following engine service on commercial aircraft, airfoils from the rainbow rotors were examined. The results of the evaluation suggest the desirable qualities of the CVD low activity Pt aluminide coat/overcoat process observed in the laboratory study could be achieved on engine hardware. Hence, a novel repair process is now available to turbine users, which may extend the service life of expensive turbine hardware.
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Rajput, H. "Exploiting Reducing Ability of DMF For Assembled Gold Nanostructures." In Functional Materials and Applied Physics. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901878-14.

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Abstract. We explore stable assembly of gold NPs in single step process by introducing a simple chemical synthesis in which pH changed gold precursor is added to dimethylformamide solution at RT. The redox chemistry of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has been effectively utilized in the formation of surfactant free, small chain metal NPs networks (plasmonic oligomers) via molecular dipolar coupling. Kinetic absorption / TEM images illustrate gold nanocrystals formation, their inter-particle coupling as a function of pH as well as with DMF-Water ratio. Sub-nano gap inter-particle coupling b/w spherical/anisotropic Au NPs is seen through arising of new LSPR hump in NIR region. 1-D organized gold nanocrystals are formed when pH modified metal precursor is added to refluxed (80 0C) DMF: Water mixture. The inter-particle coupling provides unique strategy can promote complex sub-wavelength optical waveguides and nanophotonic devices.
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