Academic literature on the topic 'Simonov monastyrʹ (Moscow, Russia)'

В статье рассматриваются факторы, которые определяли формальный статус и реальный «вес» монастыря в России периода Средневековья. Отмечается, что, как правило, набор этих факторов у обителей был сходным, включающим в себя статус и имущественные возможности насельников и вкладчиков, значимую роль выходцев из монастыря в сфере церковного управления, историю обители, и святыни, которыми она располагала. Различалась лишь степень влияния этих факторов. Отмечено, что исключительно высокий формальный статус Владимирского Рождественского монастыря, занимавшего 1-е место в иерархии русских монастырей, а с 1561 г. – 2-е, определялся двумя обстоятельствами. Первым являлась его древность. Расположенный в древней столице Северо-Восточной Руси, в главном городе великокняжеского домена, он был основан существенно ранее прочих значимых обителей России XVI в. (Троице-Сергиева, Новоспасского, Чудова, Симонова, Кирилло-Белозерского, Пафнутьево-Боровского и Иосифо-Волоколамского монастырей). Вторым фактором являлось то значение, которое церковные и политические власти придавали фигуре Александра Невского, по сути, являвшегося основателем династии московских князей. Его прославление поднимало ее престиж. В силу того, что в XVI в. почитание Александра широко еще не распространилось, ключевую роль в его прославлении долгие годы играл Владимирский Рождественский монастырь, в котором покоились его мощи. Это и обеспечивало ему неизменное внимание столичных церковных и светских властей. The article analyzes the factors that determined the formal status and the actual "power" of monasteries in Medieval Russia. It is noted that, basically, the set of factors was the same for different monasteries. It included the status and wealth of inhabitants and supporters, prominent religious personalities among former inhabitants, the monastery's history, and shrines in possession. The only thing that was different is the degree of impact of the factors. For example, the dominant status of the Nativity of the Virgin Monastery in Vladimir, being ranked first in the formal "hierarchy" of Russian monasteries (the second after 1561), was determined by two factors. The first one is the age of the monastery. Placed in the medieval capital of the North-Eastern Rus' and the Grand Duchy of Vladimir, it was founded much earlier than other essential Russian monasteries that existed in the 16th century: Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, Novospassky Monastery, Chudov Monastery, Simonov Monastery, Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Pafnutiev Borovsky Monastery, and Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery. The second factor was the emphasis that the church and political authorities laid upon the personality of Alexander Nevsky who essentially established the dynasty of the Moscow princes. It was done specifically to enhance the dynasty's prestige. And, since the veneration of Prince Alexander was not yet widespread in the 16th century, the Nativity of the Virgin Monastery in Vladimir holding his ossuary dominated at the time. Thus, the monastery was under close attention from the Moscow church and authorities.

Basing on the archival sources of the GARF and RGAE, the article analyses the stages of collection and usage of the documentary heritage of the Great Patriotic War. It was at the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War that the decision was made to collect the war-time records. It is noted that various institutions and organizations were involved in the process of accumulating such documentary heritage including the Commission on History of the Great Patriotic War at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR which developed into the methodological centre coordinating the work of local commissions. Under war-time conditions, the state archives acquisition techniques and methods made it necessary to introduce significant changes into the collecting procedures of the State Archival Fund. The paper discusses the initiatives and measures taken by the State Archives Administration for the acquisition of archives with the war-time documents. The article analyses the reports and speeches of the delegates of the All-Russia Conference of Historians and Archivists, held in June 1943, at which the issue of collecting various types and kinds of the documentary evidence of the Great Patriotic War was raised, and among that evidence – the documents of personal origin: the letters, diaries, memoirs of ordinary participants in the events. Proposals were put forward and the resolution was adopted concerning the foundation of the Central State Archives of the Great Patriotic War, what, however, was not implemented. The idea of establishing a special Archives, promoted by the Conference, was revived in the 1970s by Konstantin Simonov, the writer, whose actions still did not result in the creation of the institution. Using archival sources, the article considers the work of the staff members of the state archives and museums, and also of the academic staff and the students of the Moscow Institute for History and Archives referring to their activities such as the collection and preservation of the documentary heritage of the Great Patriotic War.

The article presents an outline of the life of Hieromonk Arseniy (worldly Aleksandr Minin) — founder and first builder of the New Athos Monastery named after Simon the Canaanean. According to the preserved sources, his path is traced, which preceded the trip to Athos. Upon arrival at the Holy Mountain of Athos, Aleksandr Minin carried out various assignments of the elders in the monastery. The return to Russia was associated with a new taking of God’s orders by collecting donations for Panteleimon Russian Monastery on Athos. Vigorous activity about Arseny consisted in the arrangement of a permanent monastery courtyard in Moscow, a chapel, where the Athonite shrines brought by him were preserved. Fr. Arseny stood at the origins of the publishing activity of the Athos Saint Panteleimon Monastery, founded in 1878 in Moscow its periodical “The Soul-Saving Reflections” (“The Soul-Saving Interlocutor”). He himself wrote a lot, mainly spiritual and moral instructions, instructive letters. In the mid- 1870s Fr. Arseniy’s taking of God’s orders was supplemented with one more, more difficult one — the response to the oppression of the Russian monks on the Holy Mountain, he was instructed to find a place on the Black Sea coast where a monastery could be built, a certain prototype of Russik, where its monastic traditions and Rule would be observed. Fr. Arseniy found such a place near Sukhumi, where there was a destroyed church in the name of St. the Apostle Simon the Canaanean. In 1875 the dispensation of the New Athos Monastery named after Simon the Canaanean began. For the history of the monastery, information about its founder is of absolute value.