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1

Awate, Padmashri D. "Studies on Drought Tolerance of Medicinally Important Oil Yielding Plant Simarouba glauca." YMER Digital 21, no. 08 (August 17, 2022): 601–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.08/51.

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The population growth also leads to the agricultural and industrial expansions. This adds to the various greenhouse gases leading to the unpredictable climatic change and global warming. The climate of region becomes uncertain, creating several abiotic stresses. It is essential to screen the perennial plant species to develop greenery so to minimize or overcome these adverse conditions. The Simarouba glauca is one of such hardy, evergreen edible oil trees, growing on waste lands. Keyword- Drought Tolerance, Simarouba glauca, Seed Germination, Relative water content
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2

Jeyalakshmi, P. "Characterization of Simarouba glauca seed oil biodiesel." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 136, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-7985-1.

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3

Abdulrahman Salman, Hamzah, Senthilkumar R, and Vasundhara M. "Lack of Antibacterial Activity of Capsicum Annuum and Simarouba Glauca Against Streptococcus Mutans and Streptococcus Sobrinus." Biosciences, Biotechnology Research Asia 15, no. 2 (May 8, 2018): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2634.

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Capsicum annuum L. is an edible vegetable crop while Simarouba glauca L. is a medicinal plant. The study was taken up to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these extracted plant materials against Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, the main dental caries agents. Three plant materials (fruit, seeds and leaves) of Capsicum annuum L. var. baydagi dabba and two plant materials (leaves and bark) of Simarouba glauca L. were collected in the month of November and February, respectively. The plant materials were cleaned, dried and prepared for extraction. The antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed using disc diffusion method. At maximum concentration of 100 mg/ml, it was observed that both the extracted plant materials did not possess antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. The study revealed the lack of antibacterial activity of C. annuum and S. glauca against S. mutans and S. sobrinus.
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4

Salinas Hernández, Pastora, Fernando Morales Anzures, Raúl Pérez Hernández, Francisco Tzompzntzi Morales, and Mario A. Romero Romo. "Methanolysis of Simarouba Glauca DC oil with hydrotalcite-type ZnCuAl catalysts." Catalysis Today 349 (June 2020): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2018.06.034.

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5

Aswini, D., R. Gokul, M. Sangareswari Nagajothi, P. Bhuvanesh, A. Balasubramanian, and P. Sudha. "Comparative Assessment of Seed Characters and Oil Content in Simarouba glauca Accessions." Journal of Tree Sciences 36, no. 2 (2017): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2455-7129.2017.00025.5.

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6

Garlapati, Vijay, Ravi Kant, Annapurna Kumari, Paramita Mahapatra, Premananda Das, and Rintu Banerjee. "Lipase mediated transesterification of Simarouba glauca oil: a new feedstock for biodiesel production." Sustainable Chemical Processes 1, no. 1 (2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2043-7129-1-11.

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7

Aitavade, Eknath Nivrutti, and S. C. Kamate. "Experimental Analysis of Tribological Properties of Simarouba Glauca Biodiesel With Nanoparticles." International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science 8, no. 2 (July 2020): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijseims.2020070104.

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Biolubricants are renewable, biodegradable, nontoxic, and have zero greenhouse gases. In this work, the tribological properties of the Simarouba glauca biodiesel (SBD) are studied with nanoparticles as additives. Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) were added with 0.2, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% weight (wt) in the base SBD. The coefficient of friction (COF) and the wear scar diameters (WSD) were evaluated using four ball tester for the test conditions as per ASTM D 4172 standard. The morphologies of the worn surfaces were inspected by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The addition of nanoparticles improved the friction and wear characteristics of SBD. A combination of abrasive and adhesive wear was evident. The average COF for pure SBD was 0.0168. The results indicated that 0.75% and 0.2% of CuO nanoparticles as a beneficial percentage in the base oil exhibiting the lowest COF and WSD. CuO nanoparticles proved to be superior to SiO2 nanoparticles as additives in SBD, demonstrating 8% and 60% decrease in wear and friction parameters, respectively.
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8

Shukla, Apoorv, Aman Mishra, S. Paneerselvam, and V. Mathanraj. "Performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with biofuel and oxygenated additives." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2054, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2054/1/012046.

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Abstract The entire world has been seeing a continuous surge in the number of automobiles globally. This has further lead to a severe increase in the consumption of fossil fuels such as diesel, petrol, natural gas, etc. Biofuel can serve as a viable alternative to conventional fossil fuel made from renewable resources, such as edible as well as non-edible vegetable oils. This paper focuses on various studies related to the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled with Simarouba oil as the bio fuel and Isobutanol as the oxygenated additives. The experiments were carried out on a 4 - stroke, single cylinder diesel engine by varying load. Extensive research work is being done in this field using a variety of biofuels. Bio fuels are nothing but the fuels that are obtained from plants to be used in Internal Combustion engines which in turn have the added advantage of lower emissions to that of conventional diesel and gasoline. Simarouba oil blends had been used in direct injection compressed ignition engine as an alternate fuel that has similar properties of diesel.
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9

Arun, S. B., R. Suresh, and K. V. Yathish. "Relative Estimation of Various Fuel Properties of Simarouba Glauca and Mahua Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Having Different Blends with Conventional Diesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 724–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.724.

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Recent concerns over the environment, increasing fuel prices and scarcity of its supply have promoted the interest in development of the alternative sources for petroleum fuels. This paper deals with the production of methyl esters from Simarouba Glauca oil and Mahua oil by transesterification process using potassium hydroxide as a homogeneous catalyst, calcium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst and methanol as the alcohol. The important properties of Methyl esters such as cloud point, pour point, ash content and carbon residue are tested and compared with other biodiesels. Methyl esters are blended with diesel in different proportions and testing the physicochemical properties such as viscosity, flash point, density and copper corrosion for each blended biodiesel.
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10

Arun, S. B., and R. Suresh. "Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Simarouba Glauca, Dairy Scum and Karanja Biodiesel of Various Blends with Diesel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 813-814 (November 2015): 815–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.813-814.815.

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Day by day depletion of liquid fossil fuels creates necessity to find out an alternative liquid fuel like biodiesel. Rapid growth in transportation, industrialization and civilization from time to time causes increase in requirement of fuel and energy. This paper deals with the production of biodiesel from Simarouba Glauca, Dairy scum and Karanja oil by transesterification process using calcium oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst and methanol as the alcohol. Biodiesels are blended with diesel in different proportions and tested the physicochemical properties such as viscosity, flash point and density for each blended biodiesel. The important properties of biodiesel such as cloud point, pour point, ash content and carbon residue are tested and compared with other biodiesels.
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11

Bose, Prabhashis, Dileswar Pradhan, Akshay Sonawane, Sumit Sudhir Pathak, S. Anupriya, and Rama Chandra Pradhan. "Optimization of hot air and microwave pretreatment for enhancing the mechanical expression yield of Simarouba glauca oil." Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 2 (December 2020): 100024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100024.

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12

Girish, A. C., S. C. Rangnath, and Balakrishna Gowda. "A field survey on abundance of biofuel plant species in Alur Taluk of Hassan District, Karnataka, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.558.

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There are more than 150 species of plants that could be used for biofuel production. Important among them in Karnataka are Honge (Pongamia pinnata), Neem (Azadiracta indica), Hippe (Maduca latifolia), Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) and Simarouba (Simarouba glauca). A field survey was conducted in Alur taluk of Hassan District, (75º 9´ to 12º 9´) Karnataka, to know the abundance of biofuel plant species and to estimate resource availability for extraction of oil and production of Biodiesel. The number of Households in the study villages ranged from 120 to 600 with population ranging from 60 to 2,500 and number of productive Honge trees varied from 3 to 2,000 trees/village yielding on an average around 2 to 10 kg seeds per tree with very few Neem and Hippe trees but Jatropha plants were present in every village with very low yielding potential (50-100 grams per plant). Majority of the biofuel plants present were in vegetative stage and few were yielding. The yield of biofuel plant species is quite promising and the process of seed for oil extraction is possible and provides employment to the rural youth in the taluk. The substantial demand has been noticed in Alur taluk for Honge and Neem oil cakes and the availability is meager. Substantial scope is available for growing of biofuel trees, seed collection, processing and marketing providing additional employment to rural people. There is an increased demand for the biofuels and by utilizing the available resources the rural youth can start their own enterprise.
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13

Pratap, S. R., S. Z. Mohamed Shamshuddin, and T. E. Mohan Kumar. "The Kinetics of the transesterification of Simarouba glauca oil for the production of biofuel using zirconia-based catalysts." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 38, no. 24 (November 2016): 3625–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2016.1198849.

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14

Tamilvanan, A., P. Jeyalakshmi, M. Mohanraj, and B. Deepanraj. "Feasibility study on raw Simarouba glauca oil as an alternate fuel in a diesel engine and comparative assessment with its esterified oil." Fuel 327 (November 2022): 125168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125168.

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15

Jeyalakshmi, P., and R. Subramanian. "The Application of Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Pretreatment Process Parameters of Paradise Seed (Simarouba Glauca) Oil." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 35, no. 22 (November 17, 2013): 2087–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2011.628364.

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16

Chikkanayakanahalli Paramesh, Chitrabanu, Guddappa Halligudra, Vinay Gangaraju, Jagadeesh Babu Sriramoju, Mahesh Shastri, Harsha Kachigere B., Preetham Habbanakuppe D., Dinesh Rangappa, Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal Subbegowda, and Prasanna Doddakunche Shivaramu. "Silver nanoparticles synthesized using saponin extract of Simarouba glauca oil seed meal as effective, recoverable and reusable catalyst for reduction of organic dyes." Results in Surfaces and Interfaces 3 (May 2021): 100005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2021.100005.

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17

Lokesh, Adappa Chandrashekar, Naranapur Somashekhar Mahesh, Balakrishna Gowda, and Peter White. "Sustainable biofuel strategy in Karnataka state a review." Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 26, no. 2 (March 9, 2015): 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-07-2014-0112.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a review of strategy developed by University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore in Biofuel Park, Hassan (Government of Karnataka, initiative to develop biofuel programme in India) for promoting sustainable biodiesel production using oil extracted from tree borne oil species. The main aim of this study was to analyse the current strategy, identify the limitations and propose sustainable biodiesel production strategies for rural Karnataka. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents critical analysis of current Biofuel Park strategy using strength weakness opportunities and threat (SWOT) method. The data for SWOT analysis were collected from Biofuel Park log books, followed by interviews with around 50 associations of biofuel feed stock growers. Further, to evolve sustainable strategies, a case study was carried out at a local village assessing sustainability of biodiesel production and use from four local tree species oil namely; Pongamia pinnata, Azadiractha indica, Madhuca indica and Simarouba glauca. The evolved strategies were brainstormed with local farming community and the deliberations were used to lay a road map for implementing the evolved strategies. Findings – The strategies proposed in the paper would help in sustainability of villages with respect to local energy needs and generate employment. The roadmap proposed would minimise green house gas (GHG) emission compared to Biofuel Park model/strategy and minimise biomass displacement. Originality/value – This paper fulfils a need to study biofuel strategies adopted by government bodies, analyse the same for sustainability and propose alternatives to overcome the limitations of the practiced strategy.
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18

Awate P. D, Awate P. D., Patil M. S. Patil M.S, and Gaikwad D. K. Gaikwad D. K. "Alleviation of Oxidative Damage by Exogenous Application of Plant Growth Regulators on Medicinally Important Oil Yielding Plant Simarouba Glauca Dc. Under Water Stress Conditions." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/june2014/10.

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19

Anjaneyulu, Bollampalli, Fabrice Djikeng, Shiva Kaki, Mallampalli Karuna, Enti Anjaneyulu, Bhamidipati Rao, Vidavalur Siddaiah, Sanjit Kanjilal, and Hilaire Womeni. "Effect of Natural Antioxidants Extracted from Simarouba glauca and Radermachera xylocarpa Deoiled Seed Cakes on the Oxidative Stability of Soybean Oil during Accelerated Storage." European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety 7, no. 2 (January 10, 2017): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2017/32175.

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20

Ujjinappa, Santhosh, and Lingadhalli Krishnamurthy Sreepathi. "Evaluation of Physico-Mechanical-Combustion Characteristics of Fuel Briquettes made from blends of Areca Nut Husk, Simarouba Seed Shell and Black Liquor." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 7, no. 2 (July 10, 2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.131-137.

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In order to utilize the agro residues and non-edible oil seed shells for the energy purpose, Areca Nut Husk (ANH) and Simarouba Seed Shell (SSS) are considered as raw materials and pulp production industry byproduct Black liquor (BL) as a binder for the production of fuel briquettes. The cylindrical briquettes were produced in four different blending proportions at 3 different pressures between 60 MPa to 80 MPa and various briquette properties were evaluated. The mathematical regression equations between the independent variables (blending proportion and compacting pressure) and briquette properties were developed. The R2 values for the regression equation between independent variables and (Briquette properties) compressed density, relaxed density, relaxation ratio, shattering index and compressive strength were 0.945, 0.743, 0.646, 0.862 and 0.839 respectively. The results confirmed that briquette produced with a blending proportion of ANH:SSS:BL=60:40:00 at 80 MPa have better properties. Thus, combustion characteristics such as proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calorific value were estimated for a briquette produced with a blending proportion of ANH:SSS:BL=60:40:00 at 80 MPa; and compared with Barley and Sawdust charcoal briquettes. The overall results conclude that better quality briquettes can be produced from the blends of ANH and SSS and can be used for several heating applications.Article History: Received Dec 15th 2017; Received in revised form May 16th 2018; Accepted June 3rd 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Ujjinappa, S. and Sreepathi, L.K. (2018) Evaluation of Physico-Mechanical-Combustion Characteristics of Fuel Briquettes Made From Blends of Areca Nut Husk, Simarouba Seed Shell and Black Liquor. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 131-137.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.131-137
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21

., Danesha D. "PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERISATION OF BIODIESEL FROM SIMAROUBA GLAUCA SEED OIL WITH DIETHYL ETHER AS AN ADDITIVE AND ITS PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION EVALUATION ON SINGLE CYLINDER, FOUR STROKE C.I ENGINE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 25 (September 25, 2016): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0525011.

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22

VasudhaUdupa, A., Balakrishna Gowda, B. E. Kumarswammy, and M. B. Shivanna. "The antimicrobial and antioxidant property, GC–MS analysis of non-edible oil-seed cakes of neem, madhuca, and simarouba." Bulletin of the National Research Centre 45, no. 1 (February 15, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00498-x.

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Abstract Background The antimicrobial activity against clinically and agriculturally important microorganisms, antioxidant property and chemical profiling of acetone crude extracts of non-edible oil-seed cakes of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), madhuca (Madhuca longifolia syn. Madhuca indica Gmelin) and simarouba (Simarouba glauca DC) obtained by hot and cold extraction methods were tested in-vitro. Results The hot neem and cold acetone extracts of madhuca and simarouba were inhibitory to Staphylococcus aureus. The enteric pathogens-Enterococcus faecalis and Salmonella enterica were inhibited by both hot and cold extracts of simarouba cake. Fusarium oxysporum and Colletotrichum capsici were sensitive to oil-seed cake extracts of madhuca and simarouba cake extracts followed by neem cake extract. The Aspergillus flavus was highly sensitive to neem followed by madhuca and simarouba extracts. The cyclic voltammetry of all extracts indicated the presence of oxidation peaks at different Epa values suggesting the presence of antioxidant ability. The GC–MS profile revealed the presence of pharmacologically important essential compounds. Conclusion The study revealed the presence of bioactive compounds in non-edible oil-seed cakes that could be exploited for human welfare.
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23

Manasi, S. Patil, V. Waghmode Ahilya, Chirag Narayankar, and D. K. Gaikwad. "Influence of plant growth regulators on fatty acid composition of Simarouba glauca DC." Current Botany, February 22, 2021, 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25081/cb.2021.v12.6521.

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Simarouba glauca is a medicinally important oil yielding plant. It is a rainfed wasteland evergreen edible oil tree. Presowing soaked seeds of Simarouba glauca in various Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) are analyzed to estimate their fatty acid composition. The fatty acids extraction was done using petroleum ether and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were analyzed by Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Due to the application of growth regulators stearic acid, lingoceric acid and linolenic acid enhances noticeably, while, total saturated fatty acids are augmented due to cysteine, Salicylic Acid (SA) and methionine treatments and monosaturated fatty acids elevated due to the application of 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BA) whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids enhanced in response to Gibberellic Acid (GA) and Chlormequat chloride (CCC). The PGR induced changes in fatty acid composition predominantly in polyunsaturated fatty acids may certainly recover the oil quality of S. glauca seeds.
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24

Hussain, Md Sadique, Mohit Hussain, and Mohd Danish Khan. "PHARMACOLOGICAL USES OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA: A REVIEW." PLANT ARCHIVES 21, No 1 (April 20, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.090.

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Simarouba glauca is an evergreen floral tree plant that is endemic to Florida, Lesser Antilles, South America, and the United States. Bitterwood, dysentery barks, Laxmi Taru, and Paradise tree are common names. It produces edible oils from its seeds. Various tree sections are used to treat different ailments. The plant contains many essential phyto constituents of major pharmacological significance. The pharmacological review of SG has proven its medicinal value and has different therapeutic qualities such as analgesic, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antitumor, antiulcer, hypoglycaemic, insecticidal, stomachic, and vermifuge. Several medically active compounds have been found in the plant. A group of triterpenes called Quassinoids is by far the most active compound. Further research into these plants can be concluded that these new pharmacophores can be beneficial for the improvement of mankind’s health and also helps in combating several other disorders. The purpose of this paper is to showcase the pharmacological importance of Simarouba glauca and it can provide a good forum for future researchers to carry out numerous studies on this particular plant species
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25

"Effect of Simarouba Biodiesel on Performance and Emissions of CI Engine." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 4S5 (February 5, 2020): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d1041.1284s519.

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Biodiesel is explored as one of the promising fuel alternative to diesel. Most of the biodiesel production comes from first generation feedstocks like edible oils. Nowadays, nonedible oils are getting much attention as potential second generation tree borne oil feedstock. In this regard, the present investigation focusses on preparation of biodiesel from non edible simarouba oil with NaOH and Conc. H2SO4 as catalyst using methanol. The simarouba biodiesel is blended with diesel by 5 % and 20% on volume basis. The fuel properties of simarouba biodiesel blends B5 and B20 were estimated using standard methods and matched with ASTM standards. The SB5 and SB20 biodiesel blends were experimented on CI engine at injection pressure (IP) of 200 bar and 250 bar for improved performance and reduced emissions.
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26

Mr. Naveena P, Mr. Vinod R, and Mr. Prashanth Reddy. "Experimental Investigation on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Simarouba Glauca Oil as an Alternate Fuel in Variable Compression Ignition Engine." International Journal of Engineering Research and V4, no. 06 (June 10, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.17577/ijertv4is060245.

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