Journal articles: 'Siltation'

1

Velojic, Miljan. "The natural effects of transverse structures in Gabrovacka reka torrent." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, no. 85 (2002): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf0285037v.

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The classical European system based on the construction of transverse structures is very significant in the solving of the problems of deep and lateral erosion and sediment accumulation in torrent beds. However, due to their effective height on the upstream side, the dams check and accumulate the sediment making the siltation (deposition of silt) whose slope is called the slope of siltation. This paper presents the natural effects of transverse structures (dams) in Gabrova?ka reka, which can be quantified. The paper presents the effects of bed slope on the slopes of siltation and the amounts of accumulated sediment in the siltations, because the effects of technical works are primarily evaluated by the slopes of siltation and by the amounts of accumulated sediment. The analysis of the dependence of newly formed slopes of siltation (Iz) on natural bed slopes (It) was performed by the method of modeling, as the main method, and also by regression and correlation analyses (simple correlation), as concrete study methods. Under the hypothesis that the siltations have a regular wedge, i.e. prismatic form, the accumulated sediment W [m3] in the siltations was calculated by B. Kitin (1975) formula. The study results confirm the very high correlation between the slopes of siltation and bed slope and present the amounts of the accumulated sediment in the conditions of different natural bed slopes and valley widths. This is a useful information which can improve and make more efficient the work on torrent con1rol with similar orographic, petrographic and particle size characteristics.

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Zhang, Zhuoli, Wei Gao, Ping Li, Jie Liu, Yuanqin Xu, Xia Wei, and Anlong Li. "Influencing Factors of Submarine Scouring and Siltation Changes in Offshore Area of Shandong Peninsula." Water 15, no. 3 (January 21, 2023): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030435.

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This study constructs a digital elevation model of the coastal waters of the Shandong Peninsula using GIS-based interpolation methods to investigate the 15-year characteristics of seabed scouring and siltation. It utilizes depth data of the Shandong Peninsula’s offshore area between 2004 and 2006 and 2017 and 2019. The results indicated that the Shandong Peninsula’s coastal-water seabed is characterized by integral siltation and local point scouring. In addition, the northwest Shandong Peninsula is dominated by siltation, mainly distributed between 2 and 5 m isobaths, with the largest siltation area located in Laizhou Bay. The net volume of siltation is 2.13 × 108 m3, the siltation rate is 0.152 × 108 m3.a−1, and the scouring is concentrated in the estuary and the west coast of Laizhou Bay. Scouring and siltation balance generally characterize the seabed in the northern coastal waters of the Shandong Peninsula, and the degree of scouring and siltation is weak. The siltation occurs primarily near the land area, while scouring occurs as the sea deepens. In the northeast of the Shandong Peninsula, the degree of scouring and siltation is extreme, and their distribution range is small, whereas in the south, siltation is distributed in large bays and straight coastal offshore waters, and its degree is relatively weak. At the southernmost end of the study area, the scouring and siltation in Jiaozhou Bay are spatially distributed and balanced. In reality, the key factors affecting the distribution of coastal-seabed scouring and siltation are materials transported by river sediment, coastal scouring, and human activities.

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Osei, R., G. B. Abaka-Wood, G. Ofori-Sarpong, and R. K. Amankwah. "Siltation of Ore Particles in Leaching Tanks: Causative Factors and Mitigation Measures." Ghana Mining Journal 16, no. 2 (December 20, 2016): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v16i2.7.

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Siltation involves the accumulation of sediment over a considerable period of time and this may occur in closed systems like leaching tanks. Most mining companies in Ghana experience siltation problems during leaching of gold ore. This paper examines the potential causes and possible mitigation measures of siltation. Particle size analysis, slurry settling rate tests and agitation efficiency analysis were used in identifying causative factors of siltation whiles deflocculation test and grind analysis were conducted to ascertain mitigation measures. Results from the study indicated that, high settling velocity of particles, inefficient milling and classification, poor slurry agitation and particle flocculation were the major causative factors leading to siltation. Size analysis results revealed P67 of 106 µm instead of P80 of 106 µm, a situation which affects particle suspension by agitators leading to siltation. This study therefore suggests that increase in milling residence time and particle deflocculation are potential remediation measures for curbing siltation. Extended grinding of ball mill feed resulted in 94% passing 106 µm while settling velocity was reduced by 71% after deflocculant addition at 1000 ppm. Keywords: Siltation, Deflloculation, Settling Velocity, Grinding

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4

Hu, H. H., A. J. Deng, J. G. Chen, H. L. Shi, and M. Ye. "A Research Overview of the Siltation Loss Controls and Capacity Recovery Processes in China’s Reservoirs." MATEC Web of Conferences 246 (2018): 01086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824601086.

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There are many reservoirs in China with serious siltation issues which are affecting the function and safety of the reservoirs. Recently, research studies have been carried out regarding siltation loss control and capacity recovery technology due to the decreases in suitable dam sites for establishing reservoirs, and the increasingly serious siltation losses which have been occurring in the present reservoirs. The results of these studies have been of great significance to the partial recoveries of the siltation capacities of reservoirs, improvements in the respective efficiencies of the current reservoirs, and the prolonging of the service life the reservoirs. This study presented a simple review of the previous research findings regarding the current siltation loss situations and controls, as well as the capacity recoveries which have been achieved. Also, this study proposed the urgent need for in-depth examinations to be conducted pertaining to the national investigations of the reservoir siltation status in China, as well as a review of the current mechanisms and control measures for reservoir siltation losses.

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Jiang, Cui Qing, Rui Ya Wang, Fa Xiang Chen, and Zhao Wang. "The Study of Siltation State Assessment Method of Urban Sewer Network Based on the Internet of Things." Applied Mechanics and Materials 668-669 (October 2014): 1430–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.668-669.1430.

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To provide siltation state information for dredging of urban sewer network, an evaluation method of siltation state based on data collected through the Internet of things is proposed. We present a data acquisition program, and use the adaptive weighted fusion algorithm as a data preprocessing method. Based on Manning formula, an assessment model of siltation state is established. The experiment proves that this assessment model of siltation state is effective for sewer network.

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Fu, Ling Fen, De An Wu, Xiao Jian She, and Jin Xian Pan. "Sediment Siltation at Boundless Pool of Double Happiness Island Zhangzhou." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 509–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.509.

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the paper is based on numerical model to analyze the siltation of the boundless pool, which built on artificial beach of the east side of double happiness island, Zhangzhou. Using the formulas of W.D.Eysink to calculate the siltation of the pool and analyze the influence of siltation while considering the affect of reflow. The result is that the strength of silation of lowland pool is 0.043m/a, highland pool is 0.017m/a, and the total siltation is 122.73m3.

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7

Skryl'nikov, V. A. "Calculation of reservoir siltation." Hydrotechnical Construction 22, no. 8 (August 1988): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01432217.

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8

Li, Hua, Yifeng Wang, Jingyu Zhang, Liangpeng Wan, Qiao Jiang, Hongyue Pan, Yuanyuan Hu, and Kun Wang. "Model Test Research on the Influence of Gate Blocking in Siltation Environment." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 10, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6674534.

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Aiming at the clogging problems encountered in the operation of deep-hole gates in high water level reservoirs and dams, this paper carried out a model test study on the influence of different materials and different siltation environments on the lifting of the gates and analyzed the rules of the effects of blockages in different siltation environments. An analysis model of the pull-out force of the gate (blocked object) considering the siltation environment was proposed in an innovative way and the similarity ratio relationship was verified. The results of the study show that (1) the size and time of the siltation and other factors have a significant influence on the pulling force of the blocked object. It increases with the increase of the siltation area. The longer the siltation goes on, the greater the pulling force will be. (2) As the similarity ratio n increases, the calculation result of the analysis model is closer to the target value n 2 and it indicates that the theoretical model is reliable. The research results of this paper can provide certain guidance for deep-hole siltation dispatch to ensure project safety.

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9

Zhang, Xin Zhou, Yin Yan Song, and Shao Ming Chen. "Simulation Study on Deposition Downstream Floodgates in Estuarine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 2037–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.2037.

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Siltation in the rivers downstream of floodgates is serious in China, making the discharge capacity of rivers decrease obviously and threatening the flood control in upper rivers. Tidal wave deformation is one conclusive dynamic factor leading to siltation downstream of floodgates in estuaries. A 2-D numerical model of tide and sediment transport is established to simulate the distribution of sediment siltation downstream of the floodgate, and several conclusions are obtained in this paper which can provide some theoretical basis for the prediction and analysis of the siltation characteristics in lower reach caused by floodgates in estuaries.

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10

Wang, Jun, Wei Guo, and Hai Tao Xu. "Research on Sediment Problem in Dam Area of Three Gorges Project." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 770–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.770.

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The Three Gorges Project is the biggest hydraulic engineering and it brings great comprehensive benefits such as flood control, power generation, navigation, and water supply. According to the sedimentation prototype observation on the early stage of the Three Gorges Project operation, the sedimentation pattern of dam area and the upper part of power plant, as well as the channel sedimentation are analyzed after the systematic arrangement of the prototype observation, at the same time, the formation mechanism and development of siltation are studied based on river dynamics theory. The analysis shows that: the early siltation does not have important influence on the operation of the Three Gorges Project, the sedimentation of dam area occurs mainly in the wide section while little siltation in the narrow section and the siltation intensity is greater while the location is close to the dam from the view of the siltation distribution.

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11

Li, Ya Jun, Jun Min Mou, Ya Lei Ren, and Xue Jun Lin. "Siltation of Approach Channel and its Influence on Ship Grounding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 4410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.4410.

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Ports at high siltation rates are covered with fluid mud layers which generally develop from short-term siltation. The presence of a fluid mud layer on the bottom of the channel has a considerable influence on ship behaviour, e.g. squat. The paper calculates siltation in an approach channel and its effect on ship motions. Firstly, siltation thickness and sediment density are predicted based on existing information of sediment, and the characteristics of mud layers are analyzed, Secondly, the squat and trim of ship navigating in the muddy areas are computerized. Finally a model through Monte Carlo simulation is presented to interpret the probability of ship grounding on the fluid mud layer.

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12

Gao, Min, and Yuanyang Wan. "STUDY ON MECHANISM OF BACK-SILTATION IN THE DEEP-DRAFT WATERWAY OF THE YANGTZE ESTUARY, AND EVALUATION OF ENGINEERING MEASURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.papers.23.

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Since the 92.2km-long , 350m-wide and -12.5m-deep draft channel was successfully achieved in the South Channel and the North Passage in the year 2010 , high siltation was found to temporally take place in the wet seasons , and spatially concentrate in the middle reach of the North Passage, where is consistent with the location of the traditional turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) of the Yangtze Estuary. The data from 2011 to 2015 show that the average annual siltation in the draft channel reached 80 Million m3 per year. With systematic analysis of the sediment source and comprehensive investigation on the mechanism of the flow and sediment transportation and siltation in the North Passage, this paper reveals a major cause of the back-siltation in the middle reach and subsequently discusses several engineering measures proposed to reduce the siltation . The final-selected engineering measure has been implemented quite recently , and the preliminary study shows that desired effect has been produced by the engineering measure.

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13

Zhuang, Qian, Qi Ming Zheng, and Dong Wang. "Analysis of Reasons for Siltation at Some Ore Wharf." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 2922–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.2922.

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In the initial operation stage of some ore wharf, the silting situation appears in the wharf apron; through the on-spot hydrological, geological and topographic survey and combination with a lot of previous data and the project implementation, the research is made into the hydrodynamic sediment conditions in the water area and the changes of topographic erosion and siltation. The analysis shows that the siltation is related to many factors, including: the natural siltation effect, the effect of erosion adjustment period, the effect of sand excavation and dredging, and the effect of wharf construction. Among which, the local excavation in the rear of the wharf under construction has a great effect on the siltation of the wharf apron.

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14

Orooghi Amidi, Mehrdad, Mohsen Soltanpour, and Zahra Ranji. "STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF SILTATION AT NAHRE GHASR FISHERY PORT." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.sediment.36.

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The discharge of Arvand River and tidal currents affect the large siltation at Nahre Ghasr Fishery Port, located at the Nahre Ghasr channel, the Persian Gulf. Using 2DH and 3D numerical models, the flow pattern at the channel was investigated to study the details of siltation problem. The local model was calibrated by the measured data of water surface and suspended sediment rate. The main flow mechanisms that can affect the rate of siltation including the horizontal exchange, the vertical exchange and tidal filling, were analyzed. The study showed that tidal filling plays the dominant role on the sedimentation at Nahre Ghasr channel. Different scenarios were also examined for reducing the siltation rate at the port.

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15

Juško, Vladimír, Róbert Sedmák, and Patrik Kúdela. "Siltation of Small Water Reservoir under Climate Change: A Case Study from Forested Mountain Landscape of Western Carpathians, Slovakia." Water 14, no. 17 (August 24, 2022): 2606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14172606.

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The effectiveness of small reservoirs in a mountain landscape continuously decreases over time due to the gradual siltation. We examined two hypotheses about the enhanced siltation rate and the constant relative contribution of unpaved roads to the siltation of a small water reservoir in the period 1990–2014, with pronounced climate change, compared to the reference period 1970–1989. Analysis was based on deposit volumes extracted from the reservoir in 1989 and detected at the reservoir bottom in 2014. The geographical information systems, image analysis and universal soil loss equation were applied to model the soil erosion according to the two sources—catchment area and roads—to study siltation processes in depth. Despite expectations, rates of siltation were almost unchanged in compared periods. The positive changes in vegetation cover (the forest expansion and changes in forest management practices) offset the enlarged rain erosivity. On the other hand, road erosion increased by 41% from 1990 and became twice as much a contributor to sediments compared to 1970–1989. The intensity of erosion from roads was from 13 to 29 times greater than from other areas. Therefore, proper maintenance of road networks could rapidly decrease reservoir siltation. Moreover, we recommend continuous cover forestry as a critical measure for central Europe’s forested regions to prevent growing erosion pressures.

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16

Gu, Fengyu, Linrong Xu, and Na Su. "An Experimental Study on the Solidification Treatment of Debris Flow Siltation." Materials 15, no. 19 (October 2, 2022): 6860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196860.

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In recent years, the resulting siltation from railway debris flow disasters has seriously affected the normal use of railway traffic lines and brought great challenges to rescue work. In view of this, we used an orthogonal test scheme to prepare different types of debris flow accumulation and carried out penetration resistance tests in order to explore the effects of different types of curing agents, the amount of curing agent added, the moisture content of debris flow siltation, and the grain gradation of debris flow sediment on the solidification strength of debris flow siltation. We also utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe the microstructure and potential curing mechanism of the samples treated with different curing agents in attempt to discern the reasons for their different levels of strength. Our results show that the each of four curing agents tested can effectively improve the solidification strength of the siltation. Furthermore, we found that the type of curing agent had the largest impact on the curing strength of the siltation, followed by the moisture content of the siltation itself, the amount of curing agent added, and particle size. To achieve the best results, we recommend using 14% sulfoaluminate cement as the curing agent.

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17

Taher, Morad, Touafik Mourabit, Abdelhak Bourjila, Omar Saadi, Ali Errahmouni, Fouad El Marzkioui, and Mhamed El Mousaoui. "An Estimation of Soil Erosion Rate Hot Spots by Integrated USLE and GIS Methods: a Case Study of the Ghiss Dam and Basin in Northeastern Morocco." Geomatics and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 2 (February 20, 2022): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geom.2022.16.2.95.

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Soil erosion is a major factor leading to dams’ siltation and reducing their storage capacity. This study mapped the hot spots of soil erosion areas to predict the soil erosion/siltation in the Ghiss basin/dam (northeastern Morocco). In this context, various data has been prepared in the geographical information system for the estimation of soil erosion by integrating the universal soil loss equation (USLE). The result of this study revealed that soil loss rate ranges between0 and 19 t∙ha−1∙yr−1. Therefore, the hot spots in the soil erosion area are to be found upstream, potentially leading to dam siltation over time. To avoid Ghiss dam siltation, we suggest terrace farming and reforestation in the soil erosion area hot spots.

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18

Ma, Liang, and Long Sui. "Analysis of Sediment Distribution in a Typical Irrigation District Along the Lower Yellow River." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.78.

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Sediment diverted from the Lower Yellow River is crucial for irrigation district sustainable development. As a complex problem, spatial distribution of sediment in district is related with natural geographical environment, incoming water amount and sediment concentration, methods of treatment, engineering facilities. Analysis of sediment distribution is the precondition for sediment utilization, transportation and treatment. As Bojili irrigation district for example, the paper analyzed sediment siltation characteristics in desilting branch, main canal, branch canal and field ditch with long term observed data from 1985 to 2009. Proportions of sediment siltation in different parts of irrigation system were calculated and difference of seasonal siltation in desilting branch was discussed. Besides, the paper proposed effective suggestions about reducing sediment siltation and improving transportation with long distance.

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19

Winterwerp, J. C. "Reducing Harbor Siltation. I: Methodology." Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering 131, no. 6 (November 2005): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-950x(2005)131:6(258).

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20

Fan, Qijin. "CAUSES OF BACK-SILTATION IN THE NORTH PASSAGE OF YANGTZE ESTUARY AND EVALUATION OF THE ENGINEERING MEASURES." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 25, 2011): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.47.

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This study focused on the fact that the amount of back-siltation in the deep waterway of North Passage has been increased and converged in the middle reach since 2005. This paper systematically analyzed impacts resulting from the change of various factors such as sediment and hydrodynamics conditions, pointed out the major reason resulting in the increase on the amount of back-siltation in the middle reach, and discussed engineering measurements to reduce the siltation. The engineering effects of the measures were evaluated after the constructions as well.

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21

Terêncio, Daniela Patrícia Salgado, Rui Manuel Vitor Cortes, Fernando António Leal Pacheco, João Paulo Moura, and Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes. "A Method for Estimating the Risk of Dam Reservoir Silting in Fire-Prone Watersheds: A Study in Douro River, Portugal." Water 12, no. 11 (October 22, 2020): 2959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12112959.

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Forest fires are an increasing problem over recent decades. The fires, among other consequences, lead to an increase in the soil vulnerability to water erosion and a consequent increase in sedimentation rates. When barriers are present, such as dams or weirs, there is an amplified risk of sediment and ash deposition in their reservoirs, causing siltation. Thus, there is an interest in studying in more detail the risk of siltation of barriers and reservoirs in the Douro River watershed following wildfires. A detailed barrier inventory was lacking for the Douro River, hampering the identification of siltation-prone areas. In order to fill in this gap, an extensive inventory of barriers in the Douro river basin was carried out for the present study. The result was an abundant and reliable dataset on the Douro River barriers, which allowed a prognosis on the watershed siltation risk. The method for calculating the siltation risk relied on the relationship between the frequency of forest fires, the erosion risk and the frequency of reservoirs. The sub-basins with the greater siltation risk are the Tâmega, Corgo, Sousa and Paiva river basins. Most reservoirs with the highest siltation risk were from small dams. The modelling results were compared with stream connectivity and concentrations of stream water phosphorus (associated with the sediments that flow into the rivers due to the fires). With regard to connectivity, only two reservoirs were at high risk of sedimentation due to fires, so the categories of connectivity risk and fire-based sedimentation risk are probably not related. With regard to risk of high phosphorus loadings, in 8 basins the upper classes for fire-based erosion risk coincided with the upper class for phosphorus loadings suggesting that high phosphorus loading could be associated with fire-based erosion. This study works as a simple but reliable example on the assessment and mapping of siltation risk in stream networks intersected by abundant barriers. It allowed for identifying barriers that can accumulate a large quantity of fine sediments and ashes, interfering with water quality and soil erosion as well as with the storage capacity of the respective barriers.

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Zhao, Hongbo, Qinghe Zhang, and Mingxiao Xie. "Numerical Modeling of Hydrodynamic and Sediment Siltation Due to Typhoon in Estuary Channel Regulation." Polish Maritime Research 22, s1 (September 1, 2015): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0034.

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Abstract Oujiang Estuary is a complex tidal estuary with many channels and shoals in the East China Sea, which was affected by typhoon frequently. The navigation channel of Wenzhou Port is located in the north branch of Oujiang Estuary, which happened serious sediment siltation in many times due to typhoon impact. The regulation is considered to decrease siltaion of the channel and protect shoals as well. According to the site survey data, the mathematic model is established and validated, which simulates the hydrodynamic, sediment transport and channel siltation due to typhoon in Oujiang Estuary. The channel regulation scenario is studied by the model simulation after analysis of the silation character. It indicates that the high concentration sediment from shoals north of channel is main sediment source caused siltation in the channel, which can be prevented into the channel by the regulation scenario and decrease siltation efficiently.

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23

Schälchli, Ueli. "Basic Equations for Siltation of Riverbeds." Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 121, no. 3 (March 1995): 274–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9429(1995)121:3(274).

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Thornton, Christopher I., Steven R. Abt, and Warren P. Clary. "VEGETATION INFLUENCE ON SMALL STREAM SILTATION." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 33, no. 6 (December 1997): 1279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1997.tb03552.x.

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Winterwerp, Johan C., and Thijis van Kessel. "Siltation by sediment-induced density currents." Ocean Dynamics 53, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10236-003-0038-7.

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Wu, Jason Y., and Yi Jian Lin. "Use of Reservoir Siltation as CLSM for Subgrade Constructions." Advanced Materials Research 723 (August 2013): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.723.535.

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Reservoirs in Taiwan have been experiencing severe siltation problems due to unfavorable environmental conditions and numerous harmful human factors. This research conducts a bench scale experimental study to explore the potential of using reservoir siltation (RS) in controlled low strength material (CLSM) particularly for subgrade applications. Test results show that RS can be used for producing of acceptable CLSM through proper mix design procedures. Considering the requirements of pavement subgrade constructions, this study recommends a water/solid ratio of 0.7~0.8 and a cement/water ratio of 0.4~0.5 can be used for the design. The study proposes a promising solution to reuse reservoir siltation, save natural resource of granular fill, and ensure the quality of pavement subgrade constructions in most cases.

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Li, Ming, Yun Ping Yang, and Yi Tian Li. "Recent Evolution and Future Prediction of the Delta at the Yangtze River Mouth." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2699.

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In this study, an empirical curve describing the relation between erosion and deposition rate and water/sediment discharge was developed based on the recent evolution trend of the submerged delta at the Yangtze River Mouth, and the one-dimensional mathematical model for unsteady water-and sediment-transport was calibrated using the water and sediment discharge data after water impounding to predict the water and sediment discharge for the future 10 years and the future evolution of the submerged delta at the Yangtze River Mouth. The results showed that the 10 m and 20 m isobaths areas of the submerged delta changed with the water and sediment discharge from siltation to siltation slowing down to erosion. Siltation increased with large amount of rain received by the watershed during 1997-2000, while continuous retreat of erosion happened during 2000-2009. Using the one-dimensional mathematical model for river water and sediment calibrated and tested with data collected after impounding, the water and sediment discharges were calculated for Series 60 and 90, and its evolution in 2013-2022 was predicted for the delta. For Series 60, its 10 cm and 20 cm isobaths areas showed alternative scour and siltation, while the delta showed trends of erosion. For Series 90, its 10 m and 20 m isobaths showed substantial siltation in flood years. The water and sediment discharges since the Three Gorges Reservoirs was filled were lower than the calculated results for both Series 60 and 90. If the water and sediment discharges continue to decease, the delta will take an erosion trend.

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Wang, Xiang Ming, Xin Zhou Zhang, Ti Lai Li, and Xiang Yu Gao. "Preliminary Analysis of the Hydrodynamic and Siltation Characteristics Downstream of Sheyanghe Sluice." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1654.

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Siltation in the rivers downstream of sluices is serious in China, making the discharge capacity of rivers decrease obviously and threatening the flood control in upper rivers. Tidal wave deformation is one conclusive dynamic factor leading to siltation downstream of sluices in estuaries. Take SheYanghe estuary as an example, the hydrodynamic characteristics of tidal wave deformation and sediment characteristics change before and after the construction of sluice are analyzed.

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Saalbach, Jan, Anna C. Zorndt, Knut Kraemer, and Torsten Schlurmann. "REDUCING SILTATION IN THE JUIST MARINA - IDENTIFICATION OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MECHANISMS BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS AND NUMERICAL MODELLING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 14, 2012): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.posters.32.

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Siltation of the municipal port and marina of the East Frisian island of Juist is investigated by in-situ measurements and hydro-numeric modelling. The combined results can be used to evaluate constructional measures aimed at alleviating siltation effects. Furthermore the collected in-situ measurement data are utilized in the numerical validation process. An alternative port design is evaluated based on results obtained with the hydro-numeric model.

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Wang, Jiamei, Yumeng Yan, Jing Bai, and Xiaosi Su. "Influences of riverbed siltation on redox zonation during bank filtration: a case study of Liao River, Northeast China." Hydrology Research 51, no. 6 (October 21, 2020): 1478–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2020.107.

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Abstract The upper part of riverbed sediment is one of the key interfaces between surface water and groundwater, and biogeochemical process in this interface has a profound influence on the chemistry of infiltrated water. The lithology and permeability of bed sediment is mainly controlled by variation in river hydrodynamic conditions. However, there have been few studies of the effect of riverbed siltation on the hydrochemistry and redox reactions of infiltrated water due to the high variability in these processes and challenges associated with sampling. This study selected and examined a river channel near a site of riverbank filtration by drilling on the floating platform and conducting microelectrode testing and high-resolution sampling. The hydrodynamic and chemical characteristics of pore water in and lithologic characteristics of riverbed sediment, the siltation, and redox zone were examined and compared. Differences in hydrodynamic conditions changed the lithology of riverbed sediment, consequently affecting redox reactions during the process of river water infiltration. Variations in siltation changed the residence time of pore water and organic matter content, which ultimately resulted in differences in extension range and intensity of redox reactions. This study provides a valuable reference for understanding the effect of riverbed siltation on water quality of riverbank infiltration.

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Wang, Zhi-chao, Xin-fa Xu, Zhi-wen Huang, Nian-hua Wu, and Su-fen Zhou. "Siltation characteristics of the tail reach of Ganjiang River under the regulation of estuary gates." Water Supply 20, no. 8 (July 30, 2020): 3707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.172.

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Abstract To alleviate the problem that the water level drops more and more seriously in recent years, Jiangxi province proposes to set up regulation gates at each of the estuaries of Ganjiang River to raise the water level in Nanchang city during the dry season. The operation of this project will raise the upstream water level, which means the sediment transport rate will decrease and lead to deposition problems. In order to find out the deposition area and development trend, we carried out the suspended sediment deposition test on an existing physical model. The study shows that the upstream sediment is mainly deposited in the reaches near the two deltas. Some special topographic features are more likely to cause siltation, such as the wide and deep thalweg and the backflow areas at the downstream of convex banks. After the operation of the project, the erosion trend of the upper reaches of the central and southern branches will change to siltation, and the siltation of the upper reaches of the Western branch will be further strengthened. Fifteen years later, with the decrease of the upstream sediment intensity, the sediment siltation phenomenon will gradually move downstream, however, this will be a long process.

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Dou, Xiping, Xinzhou Zhang, Xiangming Wang, and Jinhua Wang. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION STUDY ON DEPOSITION DOWNSTREAM ESTUARINE SLUICE." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 18, 2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.sediment.8.

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In order to resist tides and salt intrusion, there have been more than 300 tidal gates built at many river estuaries in China since 1960s. However, the serious deposition occurred at a lot of gates due to the changes of hydrodynamic and sediment conditions and lack of discharge from the rivers. At present, the research is mainly to analyze the reasons for siltation downstream gates and the measures of dredging. It is not enough for study on distribution simulation of deposition downstream sluice. Studies have shown that 2D numerical model cannot reflect the distribution of sediment siltation downstream gates. Therefore, it needs to develop 3D sediment numerical model for deposition prediction. In this paper, combined the feasibility study of a tidal gate at Mulanxi River, a physical model and 3D numerical model of sediment siltation downstream gate are conducted.

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Huang, Zhi Quan, Tai Li Chen, and An Ming Wang. "Main Engineering Geological Problems and Evaluation on the Reservoir Engineering of Yellow River Water Diversion and Irrigation Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 2071–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.2071.

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Engineering geology survey was carried out on the reservoir engineering of Yellow River water diversion and irrigation area, main engineering geology problem including leakage problem of reservoir area、shore stable and siltation problem around the reservoir、siltation problem of storehouse district, connected the river course and the pilot, water leakage river course、earthquake liquefication and immerse and salinification were analyzed and appraised, the corresponding project measure was proposed against the infiltrates of the storehouse district.

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Pogorelov, Anatoly, Andrey Laguta, and Marina Kuzyakina. "Geomorphological aspects of the transformation of a large plain reservoir (according to measurements at the Krasnodar reservoir)." InterCarto. InterGIS 28, no. 2 (2022): 536–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-536-551.

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The article considers the results of the analysis and generalization of the materials of bathymetric surveys of the Krasnodar reservoir in 2005, 2016 and 2021. The Krasnodar reservoir occupies a key position in the Kuban reclamation complex, so its transformations caused by siltation cannot be underestimated. Special attention is paid to the geomorphological aspects of the transformation of the reservoir bed in the process of siltation, which directly affects the morphometric characteristics of the reservoir. According to a series of bathymetric surveys, digital elevation models of the basin and maps reflecting the distribution of bottom sediments and the processes of morpholithogenesis of the bed were constructed. During the period 2005–2021, the volume of sediment accumulation in the main reservoir, excluding the separated Tcshikskoe reservoir and deltaic sediments of the dividing bridge, amounted to 127 million m³. The greatest contribution to geomorphological transformations is made by fluvial processes, with the participation of which deltas of rivers flowing into the reservoir (Kuban, Belaya, Pshish, etc.) and estuarine avandeltas are formed. So, for 2016–2021. within the mouth of the Kuban seashore, the volume of sediments amounted to 9.36 million m³ or 38 % of the total volume of the siltation body in the reservoir, and the increment of the siltation layer over 5 years reached 2–3 m or more. Within the zone of variable backwater in the open part of the water area, bottom sediments are distributed relatively evenly with an increment of the sediment layer over 5 years of 0.01–0.4 m. The lowest rates of sediment layer increment were observed in the dead volume zone—less than 2 cm per year. During the study period, a decrease in the average annual volume of situation was recorded, which presumably indicates a gradual attenuation of the siltation process as the volume of the reservoir decreases.

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35

Wang, Zhijian, Lili Gui, Jiaxuan Zhang, and Yongye Li. "Research on the Influence of Siltation Height of Check Dams the on Discharge Coefficient of Broad-Crested Weirs." Water 15, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030510.

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With the continuous operation of check dams, the silting elevation of the whole dam gradually increases. When the silting height is close to the elevation of the broad-crested weir, it will result in a large change in the hydraulic characteristics of the original flow pattern. For subsequent reinforcement work, it is necessary to know how excessive sediment deposition affects the overflow from the broad-crested weir into the spillway. However, few studies about discharge coefficients are available in the case of spillways with sediment. In this paper, the hydraulic characteristics and discharge coefficient of a broad-crested weir whose width is 270 mm are investigated with physical experiments under different siltation heights and discharges. The research shows that: (1) With the increase in siltation height, the water level on the weir decreases and the drop of the flow becomes smaller. The overall flow pattern tends to the open-channel flow pattern. (2) In the same siltation height condition, the water surface profile along the broad-crested weir rises with the increase in discharge, and the surface velocity of the water in front of the weir increases with the increase in discharge. However, in the same discharge condition, the water surface profile along the broad-crested weir decreases with the increase in siltation height, and the surface velocity of the water in front of the weir gradually increases, which reflects that the increase in siltation height improves the overflow capacity of the broad-crested weir. (3) The present empirical formulas for the discharge coefficient have large errors when there is sediment accumulation. Therefore, a new formula for the discharge coefficient with sediment deposition is obtained using experimental data and its maximum relative error is 4.02%, which can provide a theoretical basis for risk elimination and reinforcement work on check dams in the Loess Plateau.

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36

Van Schijndel, Simone A. H., and C. Kranenburg. "Reducing the siltation of a river harbour." Journal of Hydraulic Research 36, no. 5 (September 1998): 803–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221689809498604.

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Sarma, K. G. S. "Siltation and Coastal Erosion at Shoreline Harbours." Procedia Engineering 116 (2015): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.259.

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38

Kereselidze, N. B., V. I. Kutavaya, and G. T. Macharadze. "Predictive calculation of siltation of mountain reservoirs." Hydrotechnical Construction 25, no. 1 (January 1991): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01428137.

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Lapshenkov, V. S. "Regularities of siltation of reservoirs and ponds." Hydrotechnical Construction 28, no. 10 (October 1994): 602–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01545942.

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Zhou, Jianjun, and Man Zhang. "Coarse sediment and lower Yellow River siltation." Journal of Hydro-environment Research 6, no. 4 (December 2012): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2012.05.005.

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Berkman, Hilary E., and Charles F. Rabeni. "Effect of siltation on stream fish communities." Environmental Biology of Fishes 18, no. 4 (December 1987): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00004881.

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Urishev, Boborakhim, Sobir Eshev, Fakhriddin Nosirov, and Ulugbek Kuvatov. "A device for reducing the siltation of the front chamber of the pumping station in irrigation systems." E3S Web of Conferences 274 (2021): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127403001.

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It has been determined that the reduction of siltation of the front chamber is necessary because the deposited sediments seriously violate the planned hydraulic structure of the flow when water is sucked up by pumps, as a result of which their efficiency decreases. The method of calculating the pipeline system of a new device designed to significantly reduce the siltation of the front chamber of irrigation pumping stations by artificially creating turbulence in the water flow in the bottom layer of the structure is presented. This calculation methodology is based on the use of the theory of flooded water jets, which makes it possible to determine the main characteristics of the jet. The latter allows calculating the design parameters of the pipeline system. The results of experimental studies are presented to compare the calculated data with the results of experiments, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the proposed device for a significant reduction in siltation of the front chamber of irrigation pumping stations.

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Bandurin, M. A., I. A. Prikhodko, I. P. Bandurina, and A. A. Rudenko. "Analysis of Impact of Urbanization Development on the Deterioration of Ecological State of Rivers." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 4 (February 1, 2022): 042044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/4/042044.

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Abstract The peculiarity of small rivers is the dependence of erosion-accumulative processes in their beds on the intensity of soil erosion in the catchment area: the smaller the river, the greater the contact with the catchment area of its channel, where mineral particles, washed off from its area, directly enter it. Soil erosion leads to the entry of an excessive amount of them into the channel of a small river, as a result of which sediment accumulation begins in it, siltation of the channel occurs. It leads to changes in the water regime of small rivers - a decrease in inter-soil runoff (up to the drying up of rivers), a sharp reduction in underground power supply. In the humid zone, due to the high water content, the siltation of small rivers is poorly expressed and has a local character. Siltation of small rivers is especially characteristic for the forest-steppe and steppe zones, as well as for the south of the forest zone. In the steppe zone of the European part of Russia, as a result of siltation, rivers of the first order completely disappeared, up to the fourth (up to 40-50 km long), leading to a total reduction of the river network by up to 30 %. In the forest zone, due to the disappearance of sources, the number of rivers of the first and second orders (up to 20 km long) decreased by 2.2 times. During the agricultural period (about 300 years), a layer of sediment with a thickness of 0.5 to 1 m accumulated in the beds and floodplains of small rivers in the southern half of the European part. The erosion of small riverbeds reaches on average only 20 % of washed off products, which is about 60 % of the total river sediment runoff. The rate of siltation of small rivers in the Don basin is 6-12 mm / year with a length of up to 25 km and about 1 mm/year with a length of 100 km and above. Siltation of small rivers is not typical for regions where the soil is washed away by meltwater, since the maximum flow of sediment into the rivers coincides with high water, when the channel-forming activity of water flows is most active.

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44

Compaore, Jérôm, and Joachim Bonkoungou. "Role of Communication in the Process of a Good Cultivation Technique Around Open-Air Works in Burkina Faso: Case of the Mogtedo-Zam Dam in the Ganzourgou Province in the Central Plateau Region." European Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences 4, no. 6 (December 27, 2022): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejfood.2022.4.6.599.

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In the municipality of Mogtedo and Zam, climatic conditions are unfavorable and influence the availability of water resources. Thus, water resources are becoming increasingly valuable for human activities, particularly market gardening and pastoral production. Indeed, the dam located in the village of Talembika in the municipality of Zam and the agricultural plain in Mogtedo are threatened by advanced siltation of the watercourse. This has an impact on the standard of living of the local populations. Can the cause of the silting be linked to a lack of communication on the management of water reservoirs? The main objective is to analyze the perceptions of the users of the dam on silting and the contribution of communication in the process of a good farming technique around the water reservoir of Mogtedo-Zam in the province of Ganzourgou in the Central Plateau region. To do this, quantitative and qualitative methods were used for the collection, processing and analysis of data using appropriate tools. The results of the study reveal rapid siltation of the dam, which is confirmed by 86.96% of the respondents. This situation is due to soil erosion, the deposition of solid materials from the watershed, high pressure from users, and low rainfall. Thus, communication is an important factor in the fight against siltation. The technical services are the first communicators of the users of the dam. Users lack information and awareness on the management of the dam and good farming practices to avoid its rapid siltation.

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Feng, Xiao Xiang, Ming Zhang, and Zhe Liu. "Analysis on Sediment Environment and Waterway Siltation Characteristics of Panjin Port." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.205.

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Sediment environment forms nature of the coast, and determines siltation characteristics of port and waterway. Based on definition for existing coast type, sediment environment of Panjin Port is studied by deposit characteristics, sediment concentration distribution, deposit from the tested pit and other aspects. The results show that, the Panjin Port is silty-sand coast. The beach had been stable and shallow beach is the main source of sediments. Although there has the possibility of sudden sedimentation from Geligangzi beach to 10m bathymetric line, siltation materials in the waterway is diggable.

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Sun, Zhi Lin, Ju Yuan Luo, Weng Ang Xiang, and Yu Meng Gong. "Environmental Assessment of Xinhe Beach Development." Materials Science Forum 980 (March 2020): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.980.459.

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The proliferation of beach renovation is affecting the change of the landform of the coast and threatening the ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact on the environment after the beach is transformed. The survey area is located near the Shipu fishing port in the south of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Based on the Delft-3D grid nesting model and wave-fluid coupling model, the astronomical tide and hydrodynamic environment of the 30 days before the construction were simulated. After the beach was rebuilt and sand was added and the spur dike was added, the astronomical tide and hydrodynamic environment were again simulated. Finally, based on the simulated data, the water level, velocity field, effective wave height distribution, and siltation and siltation of Xinhe Beach were obtained. Xinhe Beach's environmental damage risk indicators can be evaluated based on water level, velocity field, effective wave height direction and sediment erosion and deposition. Artificial sanding and construction of spur dikes will change the hydrodynamics and scouring and siltation of Xinhe Beach, but have little effect on the coastal terrain and ecological environment.

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Tseng, I.-Fan, Chih-Hung Hsu, Heng-Chih Cheng, and Yen-Shun Chen. "Application of Geotextile Tubes to Coastal Silt Mitigation: A Case Study in Niaoyu Fishing Harbor." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 20, 2023): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032024.

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Pengpeng Beach, near Niaoyu Fishing Harbor, is an offshore sandbar that formed on the west side of Niaoyu Island in Penghu County, Taiwan, in 1995. Due to siltation, Pengpeng Beach also forms a sandbar tail that stretches toward the Niaoyu Fishing Harbor, meaning the Niaoyu Fishing Harbor and its navigation channel are facing serious siltation problems. This study aimed to find a solution for the siltation problem of the area by utilizing geotextile tubes, which are an economical material in terms of their material and construction cost, as well as being ecologically friendly in terms of their carbon emissions during production and transportation. Based on numerical simulations, location candidates for placing silt trap facilities were tested, selected, and modified to develop alternative mitigation plans. Evaluation of the mitigation plans was based on (1) the silt mitigation effect; (2) engineering cost; (3) public acceptance; and (4) impact on the surrounding landscape. The results showed that the proposed silt mitigation plan would be effective, and the plan was accepted by the local residents and government.

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Zhang, Qinghe, Feng Tan, Tao Han, Xiaoyuan Wang, Zhiqiang Hou, and Hua Yang. "SIMULATION OF SORTING SEDIMENTATION IN THE CHANNEL OF HUANGHUA HARBOR BY USING 3D MULTI-SIZED SEDIMENT TRANSPORT MODEL OF EFDC." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 31, 2011): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.sediment.22.

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Huanghua Harbor, located in the south-west coast of Bohai Bay, China, has frequently encountered severe channel siltation with sorting sedimentation along the channel during storm events since its construction. For prediction of channel siltation, a 3D numerical model of multi-fraction sediment transport based on the coupling of modified EFDC model and SWAN model is developed to investigate the sediment transport. It is shown from simulated results that the sorted sedimentation in the channel was well simulated in storm events, and the high sediment concentration near sea bed for silty coast during storm process can also be basically reflected by the model.

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Shin, Bum Shick, and Kyu Han Kim. "Study on the Siltation in the Intake of Nuclear Power Plant Using Longterm Water Depth Monitoring and Coupled Modeling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 1188–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.1188.

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Scarce natural resources make it imperative for Korea to exploit nuclear power plant technology to supply energy for industrial purposes not to mention for everyday usage. Korea’s nuclear power plant started when Gori Nuclear Plant started its operation in 1978 and as of today, there are 4 nuclear plants nationwide including the Gori Nuclear Plant, making up 38.2% of all of Korea’s energy supply. Since ‘waste heat’ is generated as a result of plant operation, sea water is needed for cooling purposes and therefore plants are situated near coastal areas. However, the effect on the coastal area such as erosion, deposition, and siltation from the construction of the plant itself is subject of continuing controversy and another being the effects on the coastal environment from warm water that is produced after the cooling process. Generally, topographic change is maintained in equilibrium by the tidal currents’ reciprocating motion in the coastal areas where there are dominant tidal currents. However, artificial action on the current flow for operating a nuclear plant operation at the intake and the outlet breaks the equilibrium of the tides and this in the end results in disturbing the equilibrium condition of bottom topography. This research used the results of long term investigation data of water depth and data of flow discharge conducted inside the intake to investigate erosion and the change in siltation at the intake of the nuclear power plant. After having analyzed the changes in water depth of the intake area, the results confirmed that there are 100~140cm/year and 80~300 cm/year of excess siltation at the middle area and both sides, respectively. After artificial dredging which is conducted every two years, siltation had proceeded at a substantial pace, and after some time, the pace has slowed down to its normal rate, going towards equilibrium condition. This research used the siltation pace change acquired from monitoring results to formulate coupled model in order to predict the change of water depth which will take place due to artificial construction of the intake in the future more precisely.

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TAKAHASHI, Toshiyuki, Shuuji ITOU, Tsunehiko YOSHIDA, Shinichi AOKI, Gozo TSUJIMOTO, Shigemori TAKAHAMA, and Takayuki ODA. "SOURCE OF SILTATION AND MEASURES AT KARASEN BEACH." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B3 (Ocean Engineering) 71, no. 2 (2015): I_467—I_472. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejoe.71.i_467.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Siltation'

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