Relevant bibliographies by topics / Silicon detectors, cosmic rays, simulation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Silicon detectors, cosmic rays, simulation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Silicon detectors, cosmic rays, simulation"

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Barlykov, N., V. Dudin, T. Enik, A. Ivanov, E. Kokoulina, A. Kutov, E. Martovitski, V. Nikitin, and V. Popov. "MiniSPD Stand for Testing Si-Detectors." Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems 25, no. 3 (October 17, 2022): 254–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/1561-4085-2022-25-3-254-265.

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SPD (Spin Physics Detector) collaboration proposes to install a universal setup in the second interaction point of the NICA collider under construction (JINR, Dubna) to study the spin structure of the proton and deuteron. It plans to carry out research of spin-related phenomena with polarized proton and deuteron beams at a collision energy up to 27 GeV and a luminosity up to 1032 cm−2 s−1. MiniSPD stand is manufactured as a setup for testing SPD detector prototypes with cosmic muons at LHEP. It allows to carry out checkout of the Data Acquisition System (DAQ), the Detector Control System (DCS). Young physicists and students working at this test bench gain experience of work with real detectors of the future SPD setup. In this report, we give some information about the basic tasks of SPD projects. The results of simulation and comparison with data on cosmic rays at this stand for three modules of silicon plates are also presented.
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Altomare, C., F. Alemanno, F. C. T. Barbato, P. Bernardini, P. W. Cattaneo, I. De Mitri, F. de Palma, et al. "A complete MC optical photons tracking simulation of Plastic Scintillator Detectors for the next generation of satellite experiments." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012050.

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Plastic scintillators are widely used for anti-coincidence systems and for the identification of charged cosmic-ray nuclei in satellite experiments. For this reason, a plastic scintillator detector (PSD) should have a high detection efficiency for charged cosmic rays and a very good capability of measuring charges. We implemented a full and customizable simulation tool to investigate the performance of a PSD coupled to Silicon Photomultipliers. The overall performance of the detector is studied by tracking optical photons produced inside the scintillator. The simulation will be used for the design of a PSD for future space experiments, such as HERD, AMEGO, e-Astrogam. In this work we investigated in detail the effect of Birks’ saturation in the discrimination of charged ions up to iron nuclei. We will show the comparison between simulations and measurements conducted on prototype scintillator tiles.
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Karafasoulis, Konstantinos, Christos Papadimitropoulos, Constantinos Potiriadis, and Charalambos Pan Lambropoulos. "GEANT4 simulation study of the response of a miniature radiation detector in Galactic Cosmic Rays and inside a spacecraft." Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate 12 (2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2022002.

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The Miniaturized Detector for Application in Space (MIDAS) is a compact device with dimensions 5 × 5 × 1 cm3 that combines position-sensitive Si detectors and a fast neutrons spectrometer. MIDAS is developed with the purpose of acting as a linear energy transfer (LET) spectrometer for the charged particles and measuring dose and dose equivalent from both charged particles and neutrons. It is based on fully depleted monolithic active Si pixel sensors for the charged track and energy deposition measurements, while a plastic scintillator read out by a silicon photomultiplier is used to determine energy depositions from fast neutrons. A simulation study of the detector response in galactic cosmic ray (GCR) radiation fields with the aid of GEANT4 has been performed. Energy depositions and hit pixel addresses have been used to reconstruct tracks and calculate LET spectra. A method to calculate LET∞ in water from the measured LET has been elaborated. The dose rate in water and dose equivalent rate has been calculated. The energy and particle composition of the radiation field produced by the interaction of GCR with the Al walls of a spacecraft model has been determined, and the response of MIDAS in this radiation field has been investigated.
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Leach, S. A., and J. S. Lapington. "Extensive air shower tracker using Cherenkov detection." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 09 (September 1, 2022): C09008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/09/c09008.

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Abstract Cosmic rays continuously bombard Earth’s atmosphere triggering cascades of secondary particles. Many constituents progress to reach the surface and capturing these events can intrigue and awe young curious minds, opening them to the amazing world of physics. Cloud chambers are an established method of revealing the subatomic world; frequently used by universities to introduce cosmic rays to visitors and prospective students, they provide a fascinating real-time display of the ‘ghostly’ particles showering upon those viewing. Using the Cherenkov radiation detection technique, we have developed a novel, compact, Extensive Air Shower (EAS) particle tracking method that enhances the cloud chamber visualisation of cosmic ray interactions towards a digital audience. Once digital, live event interaction can be streamed to multiple display devices presenting an immediate illustration of the event that showered in that location. Our instrument hardware is built around Cherenkov-optimised silicon photomultiplier sensors. Each single detection unit monitors particle event rate and tracks incident angle by measuring Cherenkov intensity. By operating multiple detection units in one location, we can record time correlated air shower events to monitor and collate information on the primary cosmic rays. We introduce first results, illustrating instrument response and EAS rate variations, compiled from the initial running period of our development instruments. We present intensity spectra, compare with simulation, and describe the instrument response due to sensor location, Cherenkov intensity, mean muon energy and detector acceptance angle. With further development towards low-cost readout electronics, we aim to build a networked array of trackers, located around the campus, to expand data gathering ability and scientific potential.
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Bigongiari, Gabriele, Oscar Adriani, Sebastiano Albergo, Giovanni Ambrosi, Lucrezia Auditore, Andrea Basti, Eugenio Berti, et al. "A New Approach to Calorimetry in Space-Based Experiments for High-Energy Cosmic Rays." Universe 5, no. 3 (March 7, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5030072.

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Precise measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays in the PeV region could improve our knowledge regarding their origin, acceleration mechanism, propagation, and composition. At the present time, spectral measurements in this region are mainly derived from data collected by ground-based detectors, because of the very low particle rates at these energies. Unfortunately, these results are affected by the high uncertainties typical of indirect measurements, which depend on the complicated modeling of the interaction of the primary particle with the atmosphere. A space experiment dedicated to measurements in this energy region has to achieve a balance between the requirements of lightness and compactness, with that of a large acceptance to cope with the low particle rates. CaloCube is a four-year-old R&D project, approved and financed by the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) in 2014, aiming to optimize the design of a space-borne calorimeter. The large acceptance needed is obtained by maximizing the number of entrance windows, while thanks to its homogeneity and high segmentation this new detector achieves an excellent energy resolution and an enhanced separation power between hadrons and electrons. In order to optimize detector performances with respect to the total mass of the apparatus, comparative studies on different scintillating materials, different sizes of crystals, and different spacings among them have been performed making use of MonteCarlo simulations. In parallel to simulations studies, several prototypes instrumented with CsI(Tl) (Caesium Iodide, Tallium doped) cubic crystals have been constructed and tested with particle beams. Moreover, the last development of CaloCube, the Tracker-In-Calorimeter (TIC) project, financed by the INFN in 2018, is focused on the feasibility of including several silicon layers at different depths in the calorimeter in order to reconstruct the particle direction. In fact, an important requirement for γ -ray astronomy is to have a good angular resolution in order to allow precise identification of astrophysical sources in space. In respect to the traditional approach of using a tracker with passive material in front of the calorimeter, the TIC solution can save a significant amount of mass budget in a space satellite experiment, which can then be exploited to improve the acceptance and the resolution of the calorimeter. In this paper, the status of the project and perspectives for future developments are presented.
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Atanov, N., V. Baranov, L. Borrel, C. Bloise, J. Budagov, S. Ceravolo, F. Cervelli, et al. "Development, construction and tests of the Mu2e electromagnetic calorimeter mechanical structures." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 01 (January 1, 2022): C01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/c01007.

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Abstract The “muon-to-electron conversion” (Mu2e) experiment at Fermilab will search for the charged lepton flavour violating neutrino-less coherent conversion of a muon into an electron in the field of an aluminum nucleus. The observation of this process would be the unambiguous evidence of the existence of physics beyond the standard model. Mu2e detectors comprise a straw-tracker, an electromagnetic calorimeter and an external veto for cosmic rays. In particular, the calorimeter provides excellent electron identification, a fast calorimetric online trigger, and complementary information to aid pattern recognition and track reconstruction. The detector has been designed as a state-of-the-art crystal calorimeter and employs 1348 pure Cesium Iodide (CsI) crystals readout by UV-extended silicon photosensors and fast front-end and digitization electronics. A design consisting of two identical annular matrices (named “disks”) positioned at the relative distance of 70 cm downstream the aluminum target along the muon beamline satisfies the Mu2e physics requirements. The hostile Mu2e operational conditions, in terms of radiation levels (total expected ionizing dose of 12 krad and a neutron fluence of 5 × 1010 n/cm2 @ 1 MeVeq (Si)/y), magnetic field intensity (1 T) and vacuum level (10−4 Torr) have posed tight constraints on scintillating materials, sensors, electronics and on the design of the detector mechanical structures and material choice. The support structure of each 674 crystal matrix is composed of an aluminum hollow ring and parts made of open-cell vacuum-compatible carbon fiber. The photosensors and front-end electronics for the readout of each crystal are inserted in a machined copper holder and make a unique mechanical unit. The resulting 674 mechanical units are supported by a machined plate of vacuum-compatible plastic material. The plate also integrates the cooling system made of a network of copper lines flowing a low temperature radiation-hard fluid and placed in thermal contact with the copper holders to constitute a low resistance thermal bridge. The data acquisition electronics are hosted in aluminum custom crates positioned on the external lateral surface of the disks. The crates also integrate the electronics cooling system as lines running in parallel to the front-end system. In this paper we report on the calorimeter mechanical structure design, the mechanical and thermal simulations that have determined the design technological choices, and the status of component production, quality assurance tests and plans for assembly at Fermilab.
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Morettini, Paolo. "Commissioning of the ATLAS Silicon Detectors with cosmic rays and beam data." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 628, no. 1 (February 2011): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2010.06.287.

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Sommer, Marek, Dagmar Štěpánová, Martin Kákona, Olena Velychko, Iva Ambrožová, and Ondřej Ploc. "CALIBRATION OF SILICON DETECTORS LIULIN AND AIRDOS USING COSMIC RAYS AND TIMEPIX FOR USE AT FLIGHT ALTITUDES." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 198, no. 9-11 (August 2022): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncac104.

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Abstract Silicon detectors such as Liulin and AIRDOS are used for cosmic radiation measurements onboard aircraft. These measurements can be used for the verification of computer programs assessing aircraft crew radiation exposure. Recently performed intercomparison flights showed large variances of absorbed doses among individual detectors and significant differences between results of silicon detectors and computer programs. In order to explain for these differences, we have developed energy calibration method that can be performed on short flights. The method is based on cross-calibration of Liulin and AIRDOS deposited energy spectra with deposited energy spectra measured by Timepix which has superior detection properties in terms of energy resolution and the detection threshold. Moreover, the portion of dose which is omitted due to low sensitivity for low-energy deposits was calculated. The resulting absorbed dose rates at two intercomparison flights show significantly improved variation of results and better agreement with modelled absorbed dose rates.
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Anker, A., P. Baldi, S. W. Barwick, J. Beise, D. Z. Besson, S. Bouma, M. Cataldo, et al. "Measuring the polarization reconstruction resolution of the ARIANNA neutrino detector with cosmic rays." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2022, no. 04 (April 1, 2022): 022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2022/04/022.

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Abstract The ARIANNA detector is designed to detect neutrinos with energies above 1017 eV. Due to the similarities in generated radio signals, cosmic rays are often used as test beams for neutrino detectors. Some ARIANNA detector stations are equipped with antennas capable of detecting air showers. Since the radio emission properties of air showers are well understood, and the polarization of the radio signal can be predicted from the arrival direction, cosmic rays can be used as a proxy to assess the reconstruction capabilities of the ARIANNA neutrino detector. We report on dedicated efforts of reconstructing the polarization of cosmic-ray radio pulses. After correcting for difference in hardware, the two stations used in this study showed similar performance in terms of event rate and agreed with simulation. Subselecting high quality cosmic rays, the polarizations of these cosmic rays were reconstructed with a resolution of 2.5° (68% containment), which agrees with the expected value obtained from simulation. A large fraction of this resolution originates from uncertainties in the predicted polarization because of the contribution of the subdominant Askaryan effect in addition to the dominant geomagnetic emission. Subselecting events with a zenith angle greater than 70° removes most influence of the Askaryan emission, and, with limited statistics, we found the polarization uncertainty is reduced to 1.3° (68% containment).
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Nonis, S., A. Leisos, A. Tsirigotis, G. Bourlis, K. Papageorgiou, I. Gkialas, I. Manthos, and S. Tzamarias. "Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction using the timing information from the RF-system of the Astroneu array." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2105, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2105/1/012018.

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Abstract The Astroneu cosmic ray telescope is a distributed hybrid array consisting of both scintillator counters and RF antenna detectors used for the detection of extensive air showers (EAS). The array is deployed at the Hellenic Open University campus, on the outskirts of the urban area of Patras in Greece. In the present development phase, the Astroneu telescope includes two stations consisting of 3 scintillation detectors modules (SDM) and one RF antenna while a third station includes 3 particle detectors and 4 RF antennas (3SDM-4RF). In each station, the RF-detectors are operating receiving a common trigger upon a 3-fold coincidence between the particle detectors of the station. In this study we present recent results from the 3SDM-4RF autonomous station related to the estimation of the direction of the incoming cosmic air shower using only the timing information from the 4 RF detectors. The directions of the reconstructed showers using the RF timing are in agreement with the corresponding results using the SDMs timing as well as with the simulation predictions. This verifies that the RF signal emitted from EAS originating form Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR), can be detected even in areas with strong electromagnetic background.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Silicon detectors, cosmic rays, simulation"

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Demirköz, Bilge Melahat. "Construction and performance of the ATLAS SCT barrels and cosmic tests." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:55327c4b-e049-482b-a832-97e26ec1c9c4.

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ATLAS is a multi-purpose detector for the LHC and will detect proton-proton collisions with center of mass energy of 14 TeV. Part of the central inner detector, the Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT) barrels, were assembled and tested at Oxford University and later integrated at CERN with the TRT (Transition Radiation Tracker) barrel. The barrel SCT is composed of 4 layers of silicon strip modules with two sensor layers with 80 micro m channel width. The design of the modules and the barrels has been optimized for low radiation length while maintaining mechanical stability, bringing services to the detector, and ensuring a cold and dry environment. The high granularity, high detector efficiency and low noise occupancy (< 5*10^-4) of the SCT will enable ATLAS to have an efficient pattern recognition capability. Due to the binary nature of the SCT read-out, a stable read-out system and the calibration system is of critical importance. SctRodDaq is the online software framework for the calibration and also the physics running of the SCT and has been developed and tested during construction and commissioning of the detector with cosmics. It reliably measures the SCT performance parameters for each of the 6.3*10^6 channels in the SCT, identifies defects and problematic modules and writes them to an offline database for access from Athena, the ATLAS offline software framework. This dataflow chain has been exercised during the cosmics run at CERN, where a 5*10^5 cosmics sample for the combined SCT and TRT detectors was collected with a scintillator based trigger. It is now being commissioned in the ATLAS pit.
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Göttfert, Tobias. "Background suppression for a top quark mass measurement in the lepton+jets tt decay channel and alignment of the ATLAS silicon detectors with cosmic rays." kostenfrei, 2010. https://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/node?id=956486.

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Straulino, Samuele. "Simulation of silicon microstrip detectors for a cosmic ray experiment." Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1283180.

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This is a simulation of the silicon microstrip detectors used in the PAMELA tracking system. We simulated the collection on the strips of the charge generated in the silicon layer by ionizing particles, after the drift of the charge along the electric field lines. In this way the electrical signals obtained for every channel were equivalent to the signals arising in the read-out electronics as a consequence of a real particle in the telescope. The simulation aids to completely understand the effect of different physical processes on the output signals. Moreover, the spatial resolution obtained with some methods of impact point reconstruction has been studied. We analyzed tracks orthogonal to the sensor and also inclined up to 20 degrees, which corresponds to the maximum angular acceptance of the PAMELA telescope.
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Göttfert, Tobias [Verfasser]. "Background suppression for a top quark mass measurement in the lepton+jets tt̄ decay channel and alignment of the ATLAS silicon detectors with cosmic rays / Tobias Göttfert." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1000450287/34.

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Books on the topic "Silicon detectors, cosmic rays, simulation"

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P, Wefel J., and United States. National Aeornautics and Space Administration. Space Physics Division., eds. Cosmic ray positron research and silicon track detector development: Final technical report. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Space Physics Division, 1990.

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Cosmic ray positron research and silicon track detector development: Final technical report. Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Space Physics Division, 1990.

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