Journal articles: 'Sikhs India Economic conditions'

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Barwiński, Marek, and Łukasz Musiaka. "The Sikhs – religion and nation. Chosen political and social determinants of functioning." Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej 8 (December 30, 2019): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2300-0562.08.09.

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The article attempts to estimate the influence of the geographical and political conditions on the transformation of a Sikhs community after the decolonisation of India in 1947. The authors have used, among other things, the results of their own field research, statistical analysis and scientific works. The main aim of the paper is to explain the specificity of the functioning of Sikhs who despite extremely unfavourable geopolitical conditions and relatively small number have been able to maintain their own identity and achieve a level of social and economic development higher than average for India and Pakistan. Contemporary Sikhs are often perceived as both – a religious and national community. In general, their main characteristics are sharp cultural and moral distinction and very strong awareness of their identity. They manifestate strong bond to their region. Sikhs play crucial roles in social, political, and especially economic and military functioning of the state. Due to their concentration on the India-Pakistan borderland, strong militarisation and separatistic tendencies, Sikhs play crucial role in the domestic and foreign policy of India.

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SINGH, L. P., and B. KAUR. "IMPACT OF MIGRATION, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF SIKHS." Journal of Biosocial Science 30, no. 2 (April 1998): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932098001552.

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This study documents the impact of migration, environment and caste on the blood pressure of Sikhs living in the UK and their peers in the native Punjab state of India. A sample of 449 adult Sikhs, males and females, were studied in the Punjab state, and in Southall, in the Ealing borough of London and Handsworth in Birmingham in the UK. There is minor variation in the blood pressure of members of various castes among the Sikhs living in the Punjab. The pattern in blood pressure broadly corresponds with the economic status of the individuals, with well-off groups showing higher blood pressure compared to the poorer groups. The blood pressure of migrants, though higher than that of their sedente peers, is not significantly so. Age at arrival in the UK and the length of exposure to the new environment were generally not significantly related to variation in blood pressure. There seems to be a secular shift in the blood pressure values of the native Punjabi Sikhs compared to earlier studies, possibly because of the rise in civic disturbances and social unrest in the Punjab during recent years.

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Isra Sarwar, Muhammad Shamshad, and Farooq Arshad. "Crisis of Identity in 20th Century: The Case of the Sikhs in India." PERENNIAL JOURNAL OF HISTORY 3, no. 2 (December 20, 2022): 280–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/pjh.v3i2.123.

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Punjab has been in turmoil since the partition of British India and now its predicament is the outcome of blend of factors. These factors may include mixing of religion with politics, central machination, vote-bank polities and obvious economic grievances. In the post-partition period, the Sikhs demanded affirmative discrimination largely based on colonial heritage job and regional autonomy. They started using ethnic symbols like history, geography, culture and land to gain sympathies of the masses and to attain greater political autonomy and economic benefits. Unfortunately, the Congress considered their struggle for identity disturbing for the secular outlook of India and put this social issue into the conceptual framework of communal politics and aligned it with Sikh tradition. The situation was politically engineered by Congress through mixing religion with politics and it took decisive actions following the divide and rule policy and extracted electoral benefits out of it. The militant operations against fellow the Sikh citizens and manipulated actions radicalized the society which created social unrest and urged the Sikhs to demand a separate state. This article has highlighted the Sikh political struggle for the recognition of their separate identity and demand for Khalistan. The critically analyzed historical study is based on qualitative methods by using secondary sources. Punjab has been in turmoil since the partition of British India and now its predicament is the outcome of blend of factors. These factors may include mixing of religion with politics, central machination, vote-bank polities and obvious economic grievances. In the post-partition period, the Sikhs demanded affirmative discrimination largely based on colonial heritage job and regional autonomy. They started using ethnic symbols like history, geography, culture and land to gain sympathies of the masses and to attain greater political autonomy and economic benefits. Unfortunately, the Congress considered their struggle for identity disturbing for the secular outlook of India and put this social issue into the conceptual framework of communal politics and aligned it with Sikh tradition. The situation was politically engineered by Congress through mixing religion with politics and it took decisive actions following the divide and rule policy and extracted electoral benefits out of it. The militant operations against fellow the Sikh citizens and manipulated actions radicalized the society which created social unrest and urged the Sikhs to demand a separate state. This article has highlighted the Sikh political struggle for the recognition of their separate identity and demand for Khalistan. The critically analyzed historical study is based on qualitative methods by using secondary sources.

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SINGH SYAN, HARDIP. "Debating Revolution: Early eighteenth century Sikh public philosophy on the formation of the Khalsa." Modern Asian Studies 48, no. 4 (December 5, 2013): 1096–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x13000632.

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AbstractThis paper examines the public debate that happened among Delhi's Sikh community following the formation of the Khalsa by Guru Gobind Singh. The detail of this debate was expressed in the early eighteenth century Sikh text, Sri Gur Sobha. The Sri Gur Sobha explains how Delhi's Sikhs became divided into pro-Khalsa and anti-Khalsa factions, and how this conflict resulted in a campaign of persecution against Delhi's Khalsa Sikhs. In this paper I endeavour to analyse exactly why this dispute occurred and how it reflects wider political and socio-economic processes in early modern India and Sikh society. In addition, the paper will explore how the elite Khatri community consequently became an object of hatred in eighteenth century Khalsa Sikh literature.

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Gonzales, Juan L. "Asian Indian Immigration Patterns: The Origins of the Sikh Community in California." International Migration Review 20, no. 1 (March 1986): 40–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838602000103.

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This article outlines the immigration and settlement patterns of Asian Indians in the United States from the turn of the century to the present decade. The focus is on the efforts of the Sikh pioneers to succeed in what can only be viewed as a hostile social environment, marked primarily by racial discrimination and legal restrictions on their entry into this country. With modifications in the U.S. immigration laws of 1965 an educated professional class of Asian Indians have monopolized the flow of immigrants from India, with the result that the Sikhs presently constitute a small proportion of the total number of Asian Indians in the U.S. However, the recent political crisis in India has served to galvanize the American Sikh community into political action. This has resulted in a political split between the Sikhs and other Asian Indians in this country. This article concludes with an analysis of the demographic composition of the “third wave” Asian Indian immigrants in the United States and their potential impact on political conditions in India.

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Kohli, Atul. "Can Democracies Accommodate Ethnic Nationalism? Rise and Decline of Self-Determination Movements in India." Journal of Asian Studies 56, no. 2 (May 1997): 325–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2646240.

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Numerous ethnic movements have over the years confronted the central state within India's multicultural democracy. India thus provides laboratory-like conditions for the study of these movements. In this paper I analyze three such ethnic movements—those of Tamils in Tamilnadu during the 1950s and the 1960s, of Sikhs in the Punjab during the 1980s, and of Muslims in Kashmir during the 1990s—with the aim of explaining both their rise and decline. The focus will be less on details of these movements and more on deriving some general conclusions.

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Singh, L. P., and G. A. Harrison. "Impact of migration, environment and socioeconomic conditions on the physique of Sikhs." Journal of Biosocial Science 28, no. 1 (January 1996): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000022124.

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SummaryThis study is based on a cross-sectional sample of 459 Sikh adults, male and female, from three castes representing three levels of socioeconomic affluence. The sedentes group stayed all their lives in the native state of Punjab, India; the migrant group completed their active physical growth in the Punjab and left for the UK at around 20 years of age. The pattern of stature, weight, BMI and skinfolds in both groups reflects their level of socioeconomic affluence in their native Punjab. In the migrants, the caste differences in the mass measures largely disappear, but the differences in the skeletal dimensions remain. Both male and female migrants are heavier than their sedente counterparts and the male migrants have substantially higher amounts of subcutaneous fat. The change in weight, BMI and skinfolds in the migrants is inversely proportional to the original values of these variables in the native settings. Male sedentes and migrants are not statistically significantly different in stature, but the female migrants are taller than their sedente peers in all three castes. In a multivariate analysis, caste remains the most significant factor in the skeletal variables; in the mass characters, both caste and migration are statistically significant factors; age explains very little of the variation.

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Lutz, James M. "Risk Sensitivity and the Sikh Uprising in the Punjab." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 73, no. 3 (August 10, 2017): 327–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928417716213.

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Risk sensitivity combined with prospect theory and framing concepts can be quite useful in explaining which individuals and groups can become radicalised and more likely to resort to terrorism to achieve their political and economic objectives. Such a radicalisation can occur with groups willing to use violence for major gains and for groups seeking to prevent significant losses of status or wealth. The Sikh uprising in the Punjab in the latter part of the twentieth century is an example of terrorism based not on poverty but as part of an effort to preserve or regain a relatively advantageous position. The Sikhs were in a somewhat advantageous situation in India but faced increasing challenges to their economic, political and social position in the Punjab and in India in general. The counterterrorism policies of the government contributed to the perception of threat that further radicalised the Sikh community.

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Singh, Surinder, and Jasbir Singh. "Deras, Dalit Assertion and Resistance: A Case Study of Dera Baba Bhure Shah Sappanwala." Contemporary Voice of Dalit 9, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455328x17721548.

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The article argues that in Punjab several Deras are facilitating the elevation of the socio-economic conditions of Dalits through didactics and commandments. It further challenges the varying inimitable dominant agrarian structure of the village/rural society. The dominant strata/caste(s) of the society, however, resists this Dalit assertion by using socio-religious, economic and political forces to maintain the status quo. The present study explores such type of Dalit assertion through a Dera and resistance they encounter from the dominant agrarian caste, Jat Sikhs, of the village. The article employs the political economy approach to analyse the Deras of Punjab, by focusing on Dera Baba Bhure Shah Sappanwala as its critical reference point.

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Ali, Gulzar, Azhar Habib, and Muhammad Yousaf. "THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL DIVERSITY: A CULTURAL DIFFERENTIALIST CRITIQUE OF PAKISTANI LITERARY DISCOURSE." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 02 (June 30, 2022): 916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i2.543.

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This paper explores the implications of cultural differentialism in Bapsi Sidhwa’s Ice-Candy Man (1988). It will try to highlight physical, emotional, psychological, and socio-cultural ordeals of major characters: Ayah Shanta, Lenny, Ice-Candy Man, and other minor characters owing to their cultural differences in multicultural India. This study uses interpretative research methodology for the interpretation of data; furthermore, George Ritzer (2011) and Samuel Huntington’s (1993) views of cultural differentialism are employed as a tool for analysis. This paper will identify the repercussions of cultural differences of different cultural communities, Parsees, Hindus and Sikhs, Muslims, and Christians, during the Indian partition. The peaceful coexistence of multicultural India is altered into personal vendetta, communal riots, and arch rivalry between the major cultural entities. This study articulates a new dimension of the text, which probably guides and stimulates researchers to undertake research in economic, sociological, emotional, and psychological facets of the novel. This reading of the novel will unearth the atrocious ramifications of cultural differences in multicultural societies in the globalised world, where cultural tolerance of multicultural entities is indispensable for a peaceful world. Keywords: Cultural differentialism, multicultural societies, multicultural entities, cultural tolerance, Indian partition.

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Farmer, B. H., and Robert Wade. "Village Republics: Economic Conditions for Collective Action in South India." Geographical Journal 155, no. 1 (March 1989): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/635395.

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Barnett, Tony, and Robert Wade. "Village Republics: Economic Conditions for Collective Action in South India." Man 25, no. 2 (June 1990): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804617.

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Samani, Arisa, and Baharak Tabibi. "Colonial Bungalow Design in the Twenty-First Century Karachi: A Cultural Identity Basis for Architectural Identity of Pakistan." Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning 31, no. 2 (December 25, 2021): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap3122021_2.

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Culture; the essence of Pakistan’s independence of 1947; has been impacted by various ideologies and civil powers like Mughals, Sikhs, Hindus, and most influential Britishers who ruled the land long before the country got its independence. Karachi, the port city of Pakistan has particularly attracted many powers for economic benefits, dominantly Britishers who later took over the land. Britishers brought the Bungalow-compound complex as a permanent residence typology due to their long stay in the city. The importation and transformation of this new housing typology have framed the architectural identity of Pakistan and have defined the lifestyle of its citizens, which is a cultural synthesis between the East and the West. Though the Bungalow design in Karachi has evolved with time as per the native’s culture and needs having different plot sizes, shapes/forms, open/built ratio, space arrangements, and materials that have changed its overall aesthetic point of view but the core remain the same. This research aims to analyse the British reign in pre-independence India through their socio-cultural, economic, and political influence on bungalow design and its transformation over time in the context of Karachi, Pakistan, i.e., Western influence combined with modernity. Keywords: Cultural Identity, Architectural Identity, Colonial Bangalows, Twenty- First Century Bangalows, Karachi

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Khundrakpam, Jeevan Kumar, Rajesh Kavediya, and Jessica M. Anthony. "Estimating Financial Conditions Index for India." Journal of Emerging Market Finance 16, no. 1 (March 14, 2017): 61–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972652716686273.

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This article constructs financial condition indices (FCIs) for India and explores their predictive ability of business cycle. The estimated FCIs indicate substantial tightening in financial conditions in India since the global financial crisis barring a brief phase during 2010–11. Unlike in the literature, it shows the importance of standardising the financial variables by removing the influence of unit of measurement and not purging the influence of past economic activity as that improves the forecasting ability of FCI about business cycle. In predicting GDP growth, principal component analysis-based FCI outperforms vector autoregression-based FCI but both are better than OECD composite leading indicator, and indicate an upturn in business cycle in India in 2015–16. JEL Classification: E5, E17, E44

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Mishra, S. N., B. C. Benupani, T. Masuda, U. Mohapatra, P. K. Roul, C. Chan Halbrendt, and Shruti Mohapatra. "An Economic Assessment on Conditions for CAPS Adoption in Odisha (India)." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 7, no. 04 (April 10, 2018): 2932–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.704.334.

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Prasad Sati, Vishwambhar. "Natural resource conditions and economic development in the Uttaranchal Himalaya, India." Journal of Mountain Science 2, no. 4 (December 2005): 336–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02918407.

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K, Dhananjaya. "Economic Growth and Negative Externalities in India." Journal of Global Economy 15, no. 3 (October 7, 2019): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v15i3.587.

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Of late the world has realized that the growth models that believed in growth- environment tradeoff are not sustainable. In the pursuit of increasing their GDP, countries have ignored the negative externalities of growth, which would seriously threaten the survival of the future generation. Two kinds of damage are caused by unsustainable growth. Firstly, productive base, particularly, natural capital, like forest, minerals, energy, is depleting. Secondly, environmental pollution and climate change caused by excessive CO2 emissions are threatening human lives in terms of deteriorating health conditions and increasing temperature level (OECD, 2012). In the light of these concerns, sustainable development has become an important goal of nations. This study attempts to assess the extent of negative externalities in India and analyze the relationship between negative externalities and growth of GNI. The study finds that the economic growth of India is more sustainable as compared to all income categories countries. Further, the analysis detected a bidirectional relationship between negative externalities and GNI growth in the post-1990s. Keywords: Negative Externalities, Sustainable Development, and Genuine Saving Rate. JEL Classification: Q560

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Roy, Tirthankar. "Economic History and Modern India: Redefining the Link." Journal of Economic Perspectives 16, no. 3 (August 1, 2002): 109–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/089533002760278749.

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This paper argues that to restore the link between economic history and modern India, a different narrative of Indian economic history is needed. An exclusive focus on colonialism as the driver of India's economic history misses those continuities that arise from economic structure or local conditions. In fact, market-oriented British imperial policies did initiate a process of economic growth based on the production of goods intensive in labor and natural resources. However, productive capacity per worker was constrained by low rates of private and public investment in infrastructure, excessively low rates of schooling, social inequalities based on caste and gender and a delayed demographic transition to lower birthrates and the resultant heavy demographic burden placed on physical capital and natural resources.

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Beals, Alan R. ": Village Republics: Economic Conditions for Collective Action in South India . Robert Wade." American Anthropologist 91, no. 1 (March 1989): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1989.91.1.02a00530.

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Mehra, Aryaan. "ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE PARTITION ON INDIA AND PAKISTAN." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11924.

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The paper reflects on the events of partition that took place in 1947, following the nation gaining its independence from 200 years of imperial British rule. The occasion resulted in the birth of two dominion states - India and Pakistan, with the later also occupying the territory of Bangladesh, then referred to as East Pakistan. In this paper, factors that impacted the economic conditions of both countries have been analyzed to understand their outcomes in the post-independence period.

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Bairagya, Haraprasad. "Environmental conditions of Borra Cave, Visakhapattanam, India." International Journal of Environment 3, no. 2 (May 30, 2014): 150–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10526.

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Caving is an art which can be best experienced in the mystic Borra of Eastern Ghats and ranked as the second largest cave of India just after Belum Caves situated in the same state Andhrapradesh, India. This Cave is fast becoming a hot tourist?s destination offering great adventurous opportunity to the tourists in the Eastern Ghats. The cave is located in the Ananthagiri hills of the Eastern Ghats region near Visakhapattanam and is made of limestone. The emotion of thrill heightens after entering the cave. The entrance has a narrow vertical opening and is well lit. Due to its location in the sub-equatorial region, dripping of water from the cave roofs occurs almost throughout the year. The formation of stalactites and stalagmites create wonderful phenomena specially found in this cave. The conspicuous pillars formed due to the joining of the roof and the floors are an awe-inspiring creativity of the creator of this world. Various viruses and bacteria are in the cave interior along with different other creatures. The Borra cave helps the Govt. of Andhra Pradesh, India, to earn huge economic benefits for the sake of tourism industry. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10526 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 150-166

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Liu, Changwei. "Energy Reserves and Industrial Development in Northeast India." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 01033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129201033.

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The northeast of India is rich have abundant natural resources and has superior energy reserves, but the economic development of the region is backward which is difficult to forming industrial effects. Based on the energy conditions and economic endowment of northeast of India, this paper examines the development dilemma of this region and analyzes the policies adopted by India to promote the economic and industrial development of the region, so that the local economic potential can be released, energy development can be enhanced, and the industrial layout can be more reasonable.

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Arıç, Kıvanç, and Serkan Taştan. "Are China and India decoupling from the United States?" Panoeconomicus 65, no. 1 (2018): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan150410026a.

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After the 2008 global economic crisis, there has been an attention on decoupling conditions between emerging and advanced economies in the economic literature. There have been different conclusions about decoupling. In this study, we analyzed the conditions decoupling China and India from the United States. We used the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach for the period of 1960-2014. According to the results of the analysis, the U.S. gross domestic product (GDP), export, and import indicators have no long-term relationship with China?s and India?s GDP.

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Ghose, Ajit K. "Structural Change and Development in India." Indian Journal of Human Development 15, no. 1 (April 2021): 7–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09737030211005496.

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Structural change—reallocation of labour from lower-productivity economic activities to higher-productivity ones—is not just an important contributor to growth but is also the principal route to improvement in employment conditions in developing economies. In history, remote and recent, structural change associated with successful development has involved labour reallocation from agriculture to manufacturing and services at early stages and from agriculture and manufacturing to services at later stages. Structural change in India, however, has been and continues to be very different; even at an early stage of development, labour reallocation has occurred from agriculture to services but not to manufacturing. While this kind of structural change has contributed to growth, its effect on employment has been very weak. The pace of improvement in employment conditions has been very slow. Economic growth, consequently, has not been accompanied by commensurate development. The challenge for the future is one of enhancing the role of manufacturing in the growth process.

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ML, Doreraj, and Gangadhar MR. "Demographic Profile of Tribal Population of Kodagu District, Karnataka." Indian Journal of Research in Anthropology 4, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijra.2454.9118.4218.2.

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India has several socially disadvantaged communities and Scheduled Tribes are the most deprived ones. In Census 2011 the Government of India identified 10,42,81,034 citizens as Scheduled Tribes constituting 8.6% of the total population of the India (As per 2001 Census, it was 8.2% of the total population of India). In India, each state is practically equivalent to a country with its own specific socio-economic level, different ethnic groups, food habits, health infrastructures and communication facilities. Kodagu is one such district located on the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats in Karnataka and is home to many communities with diverse ethnic origins, and tribes such as the Yeravas, Kurubas and Kudiyas, who are of hunter-gatherers of forest origin. The present study focuses on the socio demographic and economic conditions of the Yerava, Jenu Kuruba and Malekudiya tribes. There have been changes especially in the social and economic life of these tribal people though, differences were found in their social, demographic and economic conditions.

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Srivastava, Anisha. "Understanding the growth of Inequality in Neo- Liberal India." International Journal of Historical Insight and Research 8, no. 4 (October 25, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/ijhir.2022.08.04.001.

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In the global context the nascent stage of neo-liberal economic growth unfolded though certain statistics defining tends of economic growth and social changes. Neo liberal economic growth lead to significant changes in rural and urban enclaves of developing countries like India as well. This paper sheds light on certain significant statistics that reveal those trends. It then goes on the understand these trends at the background of compelling dynamics fostered by neo-liberal economic growth. The article concludes with some suggestion on how convoluted growth patterns can be arrested in changed conditions.

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Parveen, Saila, and I. M. Faisal. "Trading virtual water between Bangladesh and India: a politico-economic dilemma." Water Policy 6, no. 6 (December 1, 2004): 549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2004.0035.

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The extent of virtual water trade and its significance for the food security of Bangladesh have been examined in the light of political and socio-economic considerations that govern the food grain trade between Bangladesh and India. It has been shown that while there are no physical constraints preventing such a trade, prevailing political relations, market conditions, agricultural and food policies, the state of the economies and climatic conditions may play important roles in determining the extent of trade. In the context of rapid population growth and potential future shortage of cultivable land and irrigation water in the dry season, the paper suggests that food security may be redefined as “food self-reliance” instead of “food self-sufficiency”.

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Regmi, Bhim Nath. "Economic Adversity and Disgrace in Untouchable." NUTA Journal 5, no. 1-2 (December 31, 2018): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nutaj.v5i1-2.23455.

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Mulk Raj Anand has created a unique position as a Humanist and a social writer in India writing in English. He has contributed in the development of Indian English Literature and focuses on caste issue, economic adversity and disgrace rooted in Indian society. He has public concerns and humanity for the subjugated people and his characters represent the social reality of suppressed people of India. His first novel Untouchable is an account of a day in the life of its protagonist- Bakha, an untouchable sweeper. He describes the depressed conditions of the untouchables, their immitigable hardships and physical and mental agonies almost with the meticulous skill of historical raconteur

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Jabeen, Asia, and Mazhar Munir. "REFURBISHMENT OF GURDWARA BABA BHUMAN SHAH DIPALPUR, DISTRICT OKARA." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 03, no. 04 (December 31, 2021): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v3i4.279.

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Historical monuments represent the significant features of culture, religion, economic conditions, and social values of the period in which they have been developed. The core objective of the research article is to explore the architectural and historical importance of the Gurdwara Baba Bhuman Shah Complex which is one and only example of historic monuments of Udasi clan in Pakistan. This complex is included group of buildings such as Darbar/Gurdwara, Smadhs of Baba Bhuman Shah and his Mahants, Nishan Sahib, Thara and Deori (gateway). Udasi clan is running parallel to Sikhism facing all the warm winds and supported to protect Sikh Gurdwaras during the eighteenth century when Sikhs were under the persecutions. The selected case study dates back more than two hundred years and has been declared as National Heritage Site by the Government of Pakistan in 2008. The complex has been ruined due to the negligence and human vandalism. The focus is to save this significant historic complex for the study of future generations. Restoration of built heritage of Udasi Panth is the key element for the sustainable development of the area. Keywords: Conservation, Restoration, Gurdwara Baba Bhuman Shah, Udasi Heritage.

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Jain, Paras. "A STUDY ABOUT STATUS OF SOCIAL JUSTICE IN INDIA." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 5 (May 31, 2017): 240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1855.

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In the Indian context, the constitution makes envisaged a concept of social justice which involves the establishment of an egalitarian, social order where there was no discrimination among individuals on the basis of caste, religion, race, sex or place of birth. Goal of political, socio and economic democracy have been sought to be implemented through certain political and socio economic rights. These conditions were to be established by adopting a socio economic model of development through a policy of socialism. In present study year wise variation with respect to element of social justice is presented.

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Pai, Santosh, and Aravind Yelery. "Institutional Distances and Economic Engagement Between India and China." China Report 53, no. 2 (April 21, 2017): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0009445517696641.

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This article argues that bridging institutional distance is a reliable method to increase the flow of Chinese investments into India. India’s growing economy and ability to attract investments from China meets most of the conditions that can be considered attractive for investments from China. This is complemented by China also fulfilling many of the criteria as a source of foreign direct investment (FDI) into India. China is a major trading partner of India but the Indian economy remains highly deficient in Chinese investment which undermines reciprocity in economic affairs. The possible reasons for underinvestment by Chinese enterprises in India are partly associated with the lack of sufficient interactions between institutions of both the countries, which in turn creates ‘institutional distances’ impacting economic affairs. This article attempts to throw light on these issues from theoretical and behavioural perspectives. Apart from instances of ‘institutional differences’, the article will also attempt to address how select ministries in China and India function while dealing with each other on a case by case basis.

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SMIRNOV, Valerii V. "Russia in the economic context of China, the USA, Germany, and India." National Interests: Priorities and Security 18, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 150–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.18.1.150.

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Subject. The article addresses the economic cooperation of Russia with major countries. Objectives. The aim is to identify conditions for the growth and development of the Russian economy in relations with China, the USA, Germany, and India. Methods. The study draws on the systems approach, using the method of statistical, neural network and cluster analysis. Results. The main condition for the growth of the Russian economy is the excess of direct investments from the USA, India and Germany over investments from China. Russia is dependent on China's external balance of goods and services. The rate of growth of Russia’s military expenditures is commensurate with Germany and India. Conclusions. The identified conditions for the growth of the Russian economy enable the country’s leadership to formulate reasonable foreign economic policies.

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Zhang, Haochen. "India's Uneven Road to Economic Recovery." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 4 (December 12, 2022): 390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v4i.3531.

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Since the 1980s, India has pursued a strategic policy of going east, which was upgraded to going east in the 2014 Action policy. Through these strategies, India's economy and overall national strength have increased through the progress of time and changes in world conditions. And in this, there are also a lot of difficulties and obstacles. Since pioneering economic reforms in the 1990s, India has come a long way from being a poor former British colony to a giant among emerging economies. For now, Modi's government is firmly in power and the economy is still growing at a decent rate despite the impact of inflation. So, the Modi government is expected to seize the opportunity to make a big push for its vision. However, the challenges should not be ignored. The risks will arise as it changes the shape of India's economy and its industrial structure in many ways. With the change of policy, India's attitude and relations with other countries, especially those around India, have also changed significantly. At the same time, the differences between the traditional Indian regime and the current economic system can also cause problems when it comes to policy evaluation since Indian laws and policies have inherited the British system. These British Rules also make it difficult for India to implement the new policy. This paper studies the policy development background of India in the past 40 years, analyzes India's policies in different periods to judge and put forward opinions and then puts forward possible suggestions.

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Reddy, V. Ratna. "Water sector performance under scarcity conditions: a case study of Rajasthan, India." Water Policy 12, no. 5 (April 1, 2010): 761–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2010.135.

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This paper makes an attempt to assess the water sector under scarcity conditions in the State of Rajasthan. It adopts the criteria of physical, economic, financial and equity performance across sub-sectors. The assessment brought out clearly that no indicator has shown satisfactory performance in any of the sub-sectors. Though the urban drinking water sector is relatively better in performance, a lot more needs to be done in order to bring it to the threshold level of economic and financial performance. The huge expenditures incurred in this sector are not going towards real investments that would improve the performance of the sector. Despite the fact that the water sector (except groundwater) is in the hands of the government, equity goals are not achieved. An urban and rich bias is prevalent as far as access to water and public distribution of water. Apart from suggesting some short-term measures to meet the immediate demands, this paper argues that institutional reforms are critical for sustainable water resource management under scarcity conditions.

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Breja, Abhishek, and Monu Kurien Mathew. "Inevitability of Innovation in India." Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research 4, no. 2 (July 2005): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972622520050204.

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This write-up extends a point of view on what drives innovation and assesses India's current potential for innovation. It presents our views on the factors in India's culture, economy and competitive markets that influence innovation. Our research on innovation and analysis of India's socio-economic fabric suggests that though there are several factors that may be blocking innovation in India, there are also sound fundamental characteristics of Indian society, economic conditions and its current position in the global value chain that can potentially make India an innovation powerhouse. In today's rapidly changing world, opportunities can quickly fade away. India, we believe, is currently presented with a unique opportunity to build its innovation cpacity. The write-up also proposes a mix of short and long-term initiatives that need to be taken by all the relevant stakeholders to ensure that the country can capitalise on this opportunity and join the league of the most innovative countries.

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Sehgal, Sanjay, and Meenakshi Gupta. "Tests of Technical Analysis in India." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 11, no. 3 (July 2007): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290701100303.

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The study evaluates the economic feasibility of technical analysis in the Indian stock market. It discusses that technical indicators do not outperform Simple Buy and Hold strategy on net return basis for individual stocks. Technical indicators seem to do better during market upturns compared to market downturns. However, technical based trading strategies are not feasible vis-à-vis passive strategy irrespective of market cycle conditions. Technical indicators also do not provide economically significant profit for industry as well as economy based data. Combining fundamentals with technical information, we find, that technical indicators are more profitable for small stocks compared to big stocks and for high value stocks compared to low value stocks. However, the economic feasibility of fundamentals' based technical strategies is still questionable. Our results seem to confirm with the efficient market hypothesis.

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Varma, Godi Rajendra, and Godi Sudhakar. "Socio-Economic and Living Conditions of Internal Migrant Labour Living in Visakhapatnam City, India." Populasi 26, no. 2 (September 15, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jp.44147.

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India has seen a high internal migration rate in recent years and among the internal migrants, there is a substantial proportion of poorer migrants involved in low paid and low earning jobs. The present paper reports few socio-economic characteristics and their living conditions of poor migrant labour living in Visakhapatnam city, India, which is one of the world’s fastest growing cities. Migration is one of the reasons for its growth. Data were collected from a sample of 2000 households (with migration duration of 30 days to 10 years) living in 10 slums. This study reveals that migrants are living in sub-human living conditions and are vulnerable to all sorts of risks. It further reports the poor quality of living conditions and services. The vulnerability is a state of being exposed to or susceptible to neglect, which leads to less control over the resources available in the city. They also encounter several constraints such as lack of political voice and basic facilities, low-paid, insecure and hazardous working conditions and less or no access to health care and education. Hence, the government has to recognize poor migrants as a vulnerable urban section that needs special and targeted interventions to improve their living conditions.

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Upadhyayula, Suryanaryana Murty, Srinivasa Rao Mutheneni, Madhusudhan Rao Kadiri, Sriram Kumaraswamy, and Balakrishna Nagalla. "A Cohort Study of Lymphatic Filariasis on Socio Economic Conditions in Andhra Pradesh, India." PLoS ONE 7, no. 3 (March 19, 2012): e33779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033779.

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Sheets, Darren, Anuj Mubayi, and Hristo V. Kojouharov. "Impact of socio-economic conditions on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar, India." International Journal of Environmental Health Research 20, no. 6 (December 2010): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2010.491853.

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Ahmed, Parvez, and Zeba Sheereen. "A Study of Socio-Economic Conditions of Handloom Weavers in Uttar Pradesh of India." Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance 6, no. 10 (October 30, 2022): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sjef.2022.v06i10.002.

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This study examines the social and economic conditions of handloom weavers in Uttar Pradesh state of India. This study is primarily based on secondary data, and the data were evaluated using a simple percentage, an annual growth rate, and a compound annual growth rate. They were also shown in a pie chart and a bar chart. This study is based on the following key aspects such as location, age, gender, religion, social group, educational qualifications, type and size of family, employment status, type and ownership of dwelling units, ration card, source of loan and purpose of the loan, monthly household income from handloom-related activities, and ownership of looms. The study results indicated that most workers are men, and the number of women workers is not good. Most weavers in Uttar Pradesh are members of the Muslim religion or the OBC (Other Backward Class) social group. Most workers live in kutcha houses, especially in rural areas. In cities, more households live in pucca and semi-pucca houses than in rural areas. It was also found that most handloom workers (97.3%) have their own homes in rural areas. There aren't enough educated handloom weavers, and a study shows that most weavers have never been to school. It can be said that most of the weavers, or about 55 per cent, worked as independent weavers. About 40 per cent worked as master weavers. It was found that most, or 59.5 per cent, of weaver households, have an income of less than Rs. 5,000. It can be said that most (53.2% of the weaver households) have taken out a loan for handloom purposes. The study found that most (25.5%) handloom households got loans from the government, followed by commercial banks (21.9 per cent). It found that most weaver households (73.5% of them) work with looms and that 26.5 % of weaver household’s work without looms. The study found that more male weavers (66.1%) have bank accounts than female weavers (only 33.7%). The study found that more male weavers (66.1%) have bank accounts than female weavers (only 33.7%). It found that 62.4 per cent of male weavers and 37.5 per cent of female weavers have aadhar cards. Only two transgender people have Aadhar cards. Most households (60%) have a monthly household income of less than Rs. 5,000, but the monthly household income in cities is higher than in rural areas. It also shows that most of the sales of their main products come from the local market (46.1%) and master weaver (43.3 per cent).

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Muneeswaran, P., and C. Sundarapandian. "A STUDY ON INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF MGNREGA HOUSEHOLDS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 6 (July 9, 2021): 275–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i6.2021.4044.

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The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) 2005 is one of the foremost social security in India. It guarantees minimum wage, reduces poverty and checks large scale migration in rural India. It has reduced rural hunger. After implementation of MGNREGA, the Planning Commission estimated that the poverty among Scheduled Castes () in rural areas fell 22 percentage points- from 53.5 per cent in 2004-05 to 31.5 per cent in 2011-12. For that reason, the study focuses on income distribution and the conditions of MGNREGA workers and their households in district of Tamil state. The sample size of this research work is 345 MGNREGA Scheduled Castes () workers. The study found that there is a significant level of association existing between the annual income of MGNREGA workers/households and their conditions, such as the participants’ gender, age, community and occupation, type of family, size of family, number of employees and migrant workers of the family in the study area.At the same time this study found that there is no significant level association existing between annual income and conditions such as education, type of houses, and marital status. Hence, the MGNREGA is one of themajor factors in determining the income level and also the conditions of the of scheduled castes workers in the study area.

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Singh, Monica Munjial, Mohammad Amiri, and Sherry Sabbarwal. "Socio-economic, Health and Working Conditions of Child Beedi Rollers in Beedi Industry." Journal of Social Science Studies 5, no. 1 (December 18, 2017): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v5i1.12328.

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Beedi manufacturing industry in India, is a highly labour-intensive and predominantly it is an unorganized sector. The beedi rolling function is generally done by women and child labourers who have no other means of financial earning. Child labourers are weak segments of Indian unorganized labour force. This study has been done in Solapur city of Maharashtra state in India. This city is important and famous for power loom industry and beedi industry also. Through the study an attempt has been made to highlight the health problems faced by child beedi rollers. This study also focuses on the factors which force children to work in beedi manufacturing industry and assesses literacy level of the child beedi rollers. The results of the study show that socio-economic condition of majority of the selected child beedi rollers is very poor and majority of them are facing various deceases due to constant exposure to tobacco dust and unhygienic working conditions at work place. Most of them have not completed their primary education.

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Vasquez Barajas, Eduardo Felipe, and Maria Daniela Mendoza lizcano. "An economic overview on the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal." Visión Internacional (Cúcuta) 3, no. 1 (June 20, 2021): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/27111121.2874.

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The Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia between China and India. Its multiple particularities across different economic sectors and the many challenges that the country has had to face across the years have resulted in a complex economic scenario and challenging conditions for its population. Having faced great political and economical turmoil, Nepal has persisted in its economic recovery, starting with tourism and currently betting on hydroelectricity, as well as trade deals between its key partners, China and India.

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Perdana, Ari A. "Behind China's Success Story: Comparing the Economic Development of China and India." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia 1, no. 2 (January 1, 2001): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21002/jepi.v1i2.615.

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Comparing the economic development in China and India has been interesting. While one has experienced an impressive economic growth performance, the other seemed to take a slower path. One popular argument says that the answer lies on China's success on attracting foreign capital. This argument is supported by some stylized facts related to the explanation for a country's attractiveness for foreign capital.The main idea of this essay is that China's relative success over India is a result of its unique characteristics. The purpose of this essay is to deliver supporting arguments for such hypothesis by analyzing the stylized facts. The readers should note that the scope of this essay is the internal determinants of the relatively different speeds of reforms, rather than the policy analysis.The essay is presented in three parts. The first part reviews the identical conditions which both countries shared in the beginning. The second part shows the different success stories. The third part is the comparison of some unique conditions which influenced the different outcomes of development.

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Chithra, N. "Tribal Economy of India with Special Reference to Tiruchirappalli District of Tamilnadu in India." Shanlax International Journal of Economics 8, no. 4 (September 1, 2020): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v8i4.3273.

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The tribal communities live in about 15% of the country’s areas in various ecological and geo-climatic conditions ranging from plains and forests to hills and inaccessible areas. The tribal groups are at different stages of socio-economic and educational development. While some tribal communities have adopted a mainstream way of life, at the other end of the spectrum, there are 75 groups still not adopted mainstream life, Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PTGs), who were identified earlier for having the following characteristics:(a) pre-agriculture level of technology;(b) stagnant or declining population;(c) extremely low literacy and(d) subsistence level of economy

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Hemalatha, Sruthi Anilkumar, and Nawaj Sarif. "HOUSING CONDITIONS, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING AMONG MIGRANT OLDER ADULTS IN INDIA." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2424.

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Abstract Aging and migration are complex multidimensional processes affected by various factors at different levels. According to the most recent Census of India (2011), more than half of the older adults in India are migrants. Migration at an older age is considered risky and vulnerable because it may lead to many problems. Changes in the environment and living place at an older age may disconnect their social network and affect their health. Therefore, this study examines the housing conditions, social networks, and subjective well-being of older adult migrants in India using data from Longitudinal Aging Study in India, Wave 1 (2017-18). The bivariate and multivariate analyses show significant socio-economic differences in living arrangements and access to better housing facilities among older adult migrants. Additionally, there exist state-wide differences in the social capital of older migrant adults. The likelihood of having poor social capital is higher among migrant older adults than non-migrant older adults. It also reveals that the subjective well-being of older adult migrants is strongly associated with their housing conditions, social networks, and other socio-economic factors. Thus, the paper finds environmental factors and social support essential for better health and well-being, especially for older adults, especially those in new surroundings. Therefore, extensive research is needed to understand the situation of migrant older adults in India to formulate appropriate policies for the same.

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Bhole, L. M. "Recent Changes in the Theory and Policy of Cash Reserves Ratio and Statutory Liquidity Ratio: A Critical Appraisal." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 18, no. 4 (October 1993): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919930401.

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As a part of financial sector reforms, the Reserve Bank of India is committed to a reduction in the Cash Reserves Ratio (CRR) and the Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR). This paper by L M Bhole examines this issue critically and argues that the present economic conditions as well as the future economic scenario in India do not warrant a reduction in the CRR and the SLR.

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Jha, Gaurav Kumar, and Amrita Banerjee. "India–Myanmar Relations." South Asian Survey 19, no. 1 (March 2012): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971523114539583.

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Despite long historical ties, post-colonial relations between India and Myanmar have fluctuated between magnanimity and mistrust. While India often stood for high moral grounds and promotion of democracy, it did so at the cost of losing Myanmar to China. This affected both India and Myanmar adversely: while New Delhi’s economic, energy and security interests were hurt, isolated Yangon became more China-dependent. However, since the early 1990s, domestic developments in Myanmar and post-Cold War structural changes in the world order necessitated conditions for cooperation and mutual gains. It appears that blatant domestic suppression in, and international seclusion of, Myanmar is not desirable. Having witnessed two eras of magnanimity and mistrust, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s visit to Myanmar in 2012 heralds a prospective era of market interdependence while opening Pandora’s box: can India get a better share of Myanmar’s commercial possibilities without compromising its core interests in promoting democracy, development and diaspora protection?

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Majumder, Amit. "An Empirical Study on Socio-Economic Conditions of Fishermen of North-East Coastal Region of India." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 11, no. 2 (May 22, 2018): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v11.n2.p2.

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<p>Fishing is recognised as a source of food since the Stone Age. A fisherman is the one who is involved in the process of capturing fish and other species from a water body for living and earning purposes, which started with an objective of survival and transformed into a source of business. According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations, fish output in India doubled between 1990 and 2010. India acquires 8129 kilometres of marine coastline involving over 1.5 million people who are directly or indirectly related to fishing industry. Being a natural consumable resource it contributes to food security of India, fish is considered as a consumable source and an income source simultaneously. Traditionally, there exist primarily two forms of fishing-Inland Fishing and Marine Fishing. While the former is preferable to the local customers in India due to variety of tastes, on the other hand the Marine Fishing is considered as one of the significant foreign exchange earners as well as suppliers of huge nutritional requirements for this vast population. Nearly 60 per cent of Indian fish productions are coming from coastal fishing. To step up deep-sea fishing activities, in 1977 the Government extended its territorial control over 200 nautical miles in the ocean. This zone was termed as ‘Exclusive Economic Zone’ (EEZ). About 6.3% of global fish production as well as 1.1% of Indian GDP and 5.15% of agricultural GDP is contributed by Indian fishing industry.</p>

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Kumari, Nitu, and P. S. Badal. "Socio-Economic Conditions of Farmers in Rice-Fallow Area of Bhagalpur District of Bihar, India." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 9, no. 2 (February 10, 2020): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.902.144.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sikhs India Economic conditions'

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