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Journal articles on the topic 'Significant objects'
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Triebenbacher, Sandra Lookabaugh, and Deborah W. Tegano. "Children's Use of Transitional Objects during Daily Separations from Significant Caregivers." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 1 (February 1993): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.89.
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Attachment behaviors of 105 toddlers were observed as the children separated from significant caregiver(s) at child care. Analysis indicated that children attached to a transitional object and using the object when separating engaged in ritualistic touching behaviors directed at a variety of targets. Results lend some support to the notion of transitional objects facilitating separation and reducing anxiety in mildly stressful situations.
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Lutsenko, Nickolay A. "Numerical Comparison of Gas Flows through Plane Porous Heat-Evolutional Object with Axisymmetric one when Object's Outlet is Partially Closed." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 529–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.529.
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Using numerical experiment the gas flow in the gravity field through a plane porous object with heat sources inside and partial closure of the object's outlet has been investigated and compared with axisymmetric case. The influence of partial closure of the object's outlet on the cooling process of the plane porous objects with a non-uniform distribution of heat sources has been analyzed by means of computational experiment. It has been revealed that effect of the top cover on a cooling process of the plane porous objects is qualitatively the same as in the axisymmetric objects, but quantitative differences are significant.
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Chen, Xuemei, Zhonghua Wei, Xia Zhao, Mingyang Hao, and Tongyang Zhang. "Conspicuity Research on the Highway Roadside Objects: A Simulator Study." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/864791.
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In a monotonous travelling environment, the single-vehicle run-off-roadside accidents occur easily. The injuries and fatalities caused by those accidents are significant components of the annual road casualties. The causation is the complex interaction of the visual effects on the roadside objects’ conspicuity. So the conspicuity enhancement needs to be considered in the roadside objects design to provide a temporary restoration of alertness and vigilance to drivers. Factors contributing to the conspicuity of the roadside objects were analyzed in this paper. A driving simulator study was conducted in order to extrapolate the relationship between the legibility distances and the objects and to quantify the conspicuity of the roadside objects different in basic features. The conclusions of this paper were firstly, a significant correlation existed between the mean legibility distance and the object’s size. The mean legibility distance was in a significant exponential proportion to the object’s size. Secondly, the triangle’s legibility was better than that of the rectangle and round contours. Only when the roadside object was combined with the suitable contour and size did the best visual quality come. To some extent, the conclusions could provide theoretical tools and strategies to optimize the dimensional design of the roadside objects in order to maintain the roadside safety.
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Hockx-Yu, Helen, and Gareth Knight. "What to Preserve?: Significant Properties of Digital Objects." International Journal of Digital Curation 3, no. 1 (December 2, 2008): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v3i1.49.
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This article reports on the JISC/BL/DPC workshop on significant properties, which took place on April 7, 2008 at the British Library Conference Centre, London. The intention of the workshop was to bring together the relevant projects and report on progress to date. It was also hoped that the workshop will lead to collective recommendations for future areas of research and development.
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Gavdan, Grigory P., Vitaliy G. Ivanenko, and Alexei A. Salkutsan. "Security of significant objects of critical information infrastructure." Bezopasnost informacionnyh tehnology 26, no. 4 (December 2019): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26583/bit.2019.4.05.
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Hauk, O., K. Patterson, A. Woollams, E. Cooper-Pye, F. Pulvermüller, and T. T. Rogers. "How the Camel Lost Its Hump: The Impact of Object Typicality on Event-related Potential Signals in Object Decision." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 19, no. 8 (August 2007): 1338–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2007.19.8.1338.
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Using an object decision task, event-related potentials (ERPs), and minimum norm current source estimates, we investigated early spatiotemporal aspects of cortical activation elicited by line drawings that were manipulated on two dimensions: authenticity and typicality. Authentic objects were those that match real-world experience, whereas nonauthentic objects were “doctored” by deletion or addition of features (e.g., a camel with its hump removed, a hammer with two handles). The main manipulation of interest for both authentic and nonauthentic objects was the degree of typicality in the object's structure: typical items are composed of parts that have tended to co-occur across many different objects in the perceiver's experience. The ERP pattern revealed a significant typicality effect at 116 msec after stimulus onset. Both atypical authentic objects (e.g., a camel with its hump) and atypical nonauthentic objects (e.g., a jackal with a hump) elicited stronger brain activation than did objects with typical structure. A significant effect of authenticity was observed at 480 msec, with stronger activation for the nonauthentic objects. The factors of typicality and authenticity interacted at 160 and 330 msec. The most prominent source of the typicality effect was the bilateral occipitotemporal cortex, whereas the interaction and the authenticity effects were mainly observed in the more anterior bilateral temporal cortex. These findings support the hypothesis that within the first few hundred milliseconds after stimulus presentation onset, visual-form-related perceptual and conceptual processes represent distinct but interacting stages in object recognition.
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Miķelsone, Ilze. "The Role of Social Engagement in the Development of Significant Architectural Objects." Architecture and Urban Planning 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aup-2017-0001.
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Abstract Social engagement and public participation is perceived as emerging social concern and coincidental annoyance for architects during the design and building processes. In the development of objects of public importance, especially those of ambiguous assessments, the knowledge of participatory methods, institutional support options, and knowledge of public relations and media literacy becomes an important element in contemporary architectural practice. Latvia’s legislation ensures standard public participation procedure in a unified system within the attribute of “significant architectural object”. This study attempts to recognize the origin and structure of multi-layered topic when the involvement of a wider public is applied in the development of architectural objects. It collects generally known major failures and maps component attributes within three stages. The Conclusion presents several observations on main research question, – how the development of notable architectural objects in the local market is de facto affected by engagement of wider public.
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Miroshnichenko, Sergey, Vitalii Titov, Evgenii Dremov, and Sergey Mosin. "Hough Transform Application to Digitize Rectangular Spatial Objects on Aerospace Imagery." SPIIRAS Proceedings 6, no. 61 (December 1, 2018): 172–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15622/sp.61.7.
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The paper describes the method of development for the remote sensing data processing to speed up the digitizing workflow. The method is designed to digitize rectangular objects using their approximate spatial positions and provides an automatic estimation of the orientation and aspect ratio.
The paper contains a formal statement of the problem of digitizing an object with the desired geometric shape using it’s apriori known spatial position on a source image. The method creates polygonal representations of rectangular spatial objects from one or a few reference points set by an operator. It is based on source image’s pixels clustering using spectral bands as a feature space. The following Hough transform incorporates local direction of intensity gradient to estimate object’s orientation and reduce computational complexity together with low-pass filtering within an accumulation process to improve robustness. It is shown that the developed method can be modified to digitize objects of any analytically described shape.
The method is designed to allow easy user interaction without any significant delays and to provide transparent and predictable control of an output object’s polygon size.
To investigate the developed method a test dataset with more than 700 rectangular objects was used. The root-mean-square error of object’s points positioning, mean rotation error in polar coordinates and a Jaccard index were used to measure a precision of the digitized objects. The experiment results demonstrate that digitizing workflow is accelerated by 25–40% using the software implementing the developed method without a significant precision loss.
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Wong, Nicole H. L., Hiroshi Ban, and Dorita H. F. Chang. "Human Depth Sensitivity Is Affected by Object Plausibility." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 32, no. 2 (February 2020): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01483.
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Using behavioral and fMRI paradigms, we asked how the physical plausibility of complex 3-D objects, as defined by the object's congruence with 3-D Euclidean geometry, affects behavioral thresholds and neural responses to depth information. Stimuli were disparity-defined geometric objects rendered as random dot stereograms, presented in plausible and implausible variations. In the behavior experiment, observers were asked to complete (1) a noise-based depth task that involved judging the depth position of a target embedded in noise and (2) a fine depth judgment task that involved discriminating the nearer of two consecutively presented targets. Interestingly, results indicated greater behavioral sensitivities of depth judgments for implausible versus plausible objects across both tasks. In the fMRI experiment, we measured fMRI responses concurrently with behavioral depth responses. Although univariate responses for depth judgments were largely similar across cortex regardless of object plausibility, multivariate representations for plausible and implausible objects were notably distinguishable along depth-relevant intermediate regions V3 and V3A, in addition to object-relevant LOC. Our data indicate significant modulations of both behavioral judgments of and neural responses to depth by object context. We conjecture that disparity mechanisms interact dynamically with the object recognition problem in the visual system such that disparity computations are adjusted based on object familiarity.
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Merryman, John Henry. "The UNIDROIT Convention: Three Significant Departures from the Urtext." International Journal of Cultural Property 5, no. 1 (January 1996): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739196000203.
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The text of the Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects (the Convention) had its origin in a Unidroit Study Group which produced the Preliminary Draft Unidroit Convention on Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects (hereinafter PDC or Urtext) in 1991. With the PDC as their working text, four conferences of National Experts produced the Draft Unidroit Convention on the International Return of Stolen or Illegally Exported Cultural Objects, and a Diplomatic Conference held in June, 1995, produced the Convention.
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Auclair-Ouellet, Noémie, Marion Fossard, Joël Macoir, and Robert Laforce. "The Nonverbal Processing of Actions Is an Area of Relative Strength in the Semantic Variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00271.
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Purpose Better performance for actions compared to objects has been reported in the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (svPPA). This study investigated the influence of the assessment task (naming, semantic picture matching) over the dissociation between objects and actions. Method Ten individuals with svPPA and 17 matched controls completed object and action naming tests, and object and action semantic picture matching tests. Performance was compared between the svPPA and control groups, within the svPPA group, and for each participant with svPPA versus the control group individually. Results Compared to controls, participants with svPPA were impaired on object and action naming, and object and action semantic picture matching. As a group, participants with svPPA had an advantage for actions over objects and for semantic picture matching tests over naming tests. Eight participants had a better performance for actions compared to objects in naming, with three showing a significant difference. Nine participants had a better performance for actions compared to objects in semantic picture matching, with six showing a significant difference. For objects, semantic picture matching was better than naming in nine participants, with five showing a significant difference. For actions, semantic picture matching was better than naming in all 10 participants, with nine showing a significant difference. Conclusion The nonverbal processing of actions, as assessed with a semantic picture matching test, is an area of relative strength in svPPA. Clinical implications for assessment planning and interpretation and theoretical implications for current models of semantic cognition are discussed.
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Landau, Barbara, and Ray Jackendoff. "“What” and “where” in spatial language and spatial cognition." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 16, no. 2 (June 1993): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00029733.
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AbstractFundamental to spatial knowledge in all species are the representations underlying object recognition, object search, and navigation through space. But what sets humans apart from other species is our ability to express spatial experience through language. This target article explores the language ofobjectsandplaces, asking what geometric properties are preserved in the representations underlying object nouns and spatial prepositions in English. Evidence from these two aspects of language suggests there are significant differences in the geometric richness with which objects and places are encoded. When an object is named (i.e., with count nouns), detailed geometric properties – principally the object's shape (axes, solid and hollow volumes, surfaces, and parts) – are represented. In contrast, when an object plays the role of either “figure” (located object) or “ground” (reference object) in a locational expression, only very coarse geometric object properties are represented, primarily the main axes. In addition, the spatial functions encoded by spatial prepositions tend to be nonmetric and relatively coarse, for example, “containment,” “contact,” “relative distance,” and “relative direction.” These properties are representative of other languages as well. The striking differences in the way language encodes objects versus places lead us to suggest two explanations: First, there is a tendency for languages to level out geometric detail from both object and place representations. Second, a nonlinguistic disparity between the representations of “what” and “where” underlies how language represents objects and places. The language of objects and places converges with and enriches our understanding of corresponding spatial representations.
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Mareček, J. "Folk landscape architecture as a significant value of Czech landscape." Horticultural Science 34, No. 1 (January 7, 2008): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1846-hortsci.
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In the past the image of Czech countryside was created by agricultural and social activities of the rural population in a significant manner. These activities related to natural elements and to the creation of landscape in a wider sense can be described as folk landscape architecture. Its object is mainly the spatial arrangement and assortment composition of vegetation and its functionality in villages and in their landscape environment. This study defines these activities as time limited regional (local) customary practices of agricultural and cultural and social character, reflected especially in the spatial arrangement and assortment composition of vegetation elements. Vegetation and other natural elements are evaluated as functional singularities and as functional systems in relation to particular structures, type of village pattern and state of the surrounding landscape. Besides the methodical categorisation of evaluated objects principles for their use in different forms of land-use planning are defined. A significant result of this study is the definition of landscape architecture as a phenomenon of the rural population lifestyle in which not only the past but also the future of rural landscape is reflected.
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Velásquez, Juan D., Luis E. Dujovne, and Gaston L’Huillier. "Extracting significant Website Key Objects: A Semantic Web mining approach." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 8 (December 2011): 1532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2011.02.001.
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Dědič, Martin. "3D scanning and analysis of acquired data of historically and culturally significant objects referring to the work of Adalbert Stifter." MATEC Web of Conferences 279 (2019): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927901014.
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The aim of the paper is to bring new findings from ongoing specific university research. Within this project, the light scanner scanned historically and culturally significant objects referring to the work of Czech-Austrian writer Adalbert Stifter in South Bohemia and Lower Austria. It also analyzed the data obtained with the light 3D scanner. The data was generated as a cloud of points. With respect to object´s size, multiple parts of each object were scanned individually. By combining individual scans and removing unwanted points (noise), models - digital twins of objects - were developed. Created models are valuable for their use for virtual tours of historically and culturally significant places. The final models were modified for printing on a 3D printer, where they were subsequently printed.
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Shen, Mowei, Wenjun Yu, Xiaotian Xu, and Zaifeng Gao. "Building Blocks of Visual Working Memory: Objects or Boolean Maps?" Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, no. 5 (May 2013): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00348.
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The nature of the building blocks of information in visual working memory (VWM) is a fundamental issue that has not been well resolved. Most researchers take objects as the building blocks, although this perspective has received criticism. The objects could be physically separated ones (strict object hypothesis) or hierarchical objects created from separated individuals (broad object hypothesis). Meanwhile, a newly proposed Boolean map theory for visual attention suggests that Boolean maps may be the building blocks of VWM (Boolean map hypothesis); this perspective could explain many critical findings of VWM. However, no previous study has examined these hypotheses. We explored this issue by focusing on a critical point on which they make distinct predictions. We asked participants to remember two distinct objects (2-object), three distinct objects (3-object), or three objects with repeated information (mixed-3-object, e.g., one red bar and two green bars, green bars could be represented as one hierarchical object) and adopted contralateral delay activity (CDA) to tap into the maintenance phase of VWM. The mixed-3-object condition could generate two Boolean maps, three objects, or three objects most of the time (hierarchical objects are created in certain trials, retaining two objects). Simple orientations (Experiment 1) and colors (Experiments 2 and 3) were used as stimuli. Although the CDA of the mixed-3-object condition was slightly lower than that of the 3-object condition, no significant difference was revealed between them. Both conditions displayed significantly higher CDAs than the 2-object condition. These findings support the broad object hypothesis. We further suggest that Boolean maps might be the unit for retrieval/comparison in VWM.
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Shchelkin, Kirill, Polina Zvyagintseva, and Valentin Selifanov. "POSSIBLE APPROACHES TO CATEGORIZATION OF CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE OBJECTS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 6, no. 1 (2019): 128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-6-1-128-133.
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The main aspects of categorization of critical information infrastructure objects, regardless of whether an object is significant or not, are considered, in particular those objects that are already certified or have passed classification of information system earlier.
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Klyachkin, V. N., D. A. Zhukov, and E. A. Zentsova. "Analysis of stable functioning of objects using machine learning." Information Technology and Nanotechnology, no. 2416 (2019): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/1613-0073-2019-2416-19-25.
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Stable functioning of the technical objects is estimated using methods of the statistical process control. However this approach does not always provide the timely detection of violations. It is suggested using machine learning methods for the binary classification of object states (stable or unstable). A program has been developed for calculation in the Matlab environment which allows for analysis of impact of the learning method, classification quality criteria, method of validation set as well as methods of selection of significant indicators on the object’s stable functioning forecast precision. Stable operation of the water treatment management system, stable vibration of the hydraulic unit, machining operation process are taken as examples.
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Humphries, Clare, and Aaron C. T. Smith. "Talking objects: Towards a post-social research framework for exploring object narratives." Organization 21, no. 4 (June 8, 2014): 477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508414527253.
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In this article, we examine how to give objects a voice in organizational narrative. We track our encounter with a 914 Xerox copier, a redundant technological object that was scripted into a desired historical narrative within a corporate exhibit. Despite the 914’s apparent mnemonic and institutional efficacy, we questioned whether it might constitute more than a narrative repository. Might material objects in organizations also participate in narrative production? In this article, we advocate a post-social approach to narrative methodology that recognizes objects—such as the 914—as non-human actors in organizational sense-making. After reviewing post-sociality’s central premises, we propose three domains through which an object narrative can be elicited: object materiality, object practices and object biography. First, we suggest that object materiality can highlight the significant, networks of forces, materials and people—and therefore episodes and actors—that engage with and through objects. Second, we argue that people and objects are enmeshed in sequenced, workplace activities, and therefore through object practice humans define what stories objects can tell while objects reciprocally influence the latitude of human performance. Third, we propose that object biography provides a strategy to map the connections and transitions that occur over the life-course of an object, which can, in turn, unravel a changing web of organizational relations. Our aim is to provide methodological guidance to narrative researchers seeking to augment their organizational analyses by scrutinizing human–object enmeshment.
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Lee, Yon-Sik, and Hyun Ko. "Location Generalization of Moving Objects for the Extraction of Significant Patterns." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 12, no. 1 (January 31, 2011): 451–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2011.12.1.451.
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Inoue, Takao, Takeshi Hasegawa, Sayuki Takara, Balázs Lukáts, Masaharu Mizuno, and Shuji Aou. "Categorization of biologically significant objects, food and gender, in rhesus monkeys." Neuroscience Research 61, no. 1 (May 2008): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2008.01.013.
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Fureix, Carole, Patrick Jego, Carol Sankey, and Martine Hausberger. "How horses (Equus caballus) see the world: humans as significant “objects”." Animal Cognition 12, no. 4 (April 21, 2009): 643–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-009-0223-2.
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Emanov, Alexander, and Alexander Bach. "STANDING WAVES IN ENGINEERING OBJECTS OF COMPLEX CONSTRUCTIONS." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 2 (2019): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-2-67-73.
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According to the results of research on complex engineering objects, results were obtained that demonstrate significant deviations from the models of buildings and structures adopted as the basis for calculating seismic resistance and structural stability. First, it is the existence of reflecting seismic oscillations of the boundaries inside the building, when standing waves form a common field for the building as a whole and a local field for a part of the object. Secondly, a block structure of the object, when there are natural oscillations of different magnification with a different area of the object's coverage, when some blocks independently oscillate, they unite into one system. Thirdly, the existence of walls with double reflecting properties, which changes the field of standing waves. Fourthly, the complex geometry of the object causes fields of standing waves, e is described by two wave numbers. Experimental data show that in the theory of buildings, it is necessary to move to the models of nested resonators, models of coupled resonators, and the verification of models should be entrusted to the standing wave method.
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Vallejos, Rosa, Evelyn Fernández-Lizárraga, and Haley Patterson. "The role of information structure in the instantiation of objects: Evidence from Amazonian Spanish." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 13, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 219–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2020-2028.
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AbstractThis study analyzes the instantiation of objects in Peruvian Amazonian Spanish (PAS) discourse in two communities with distinct linguistic contexts. We examine the impact of two social variables (gender and place) and nine linguistic variables (transitivity, animacy, definiteness, anaphora function, anaphora expression, cataphora function, cataphora expression, activation, topic persistence) on the speech of eight participants. Our findings indicate that null instantiation in PAS is pervasive, occurring with a range of verb lexemes. While neither gender nor place are significant predictors of null objects, various linguistic variables contribute to the instantiation of objects. The five significant variables as determined by a mixed model regression analysis include the following: animacy, definiteness, anaphora expression, cataphora expression, and activation status. Several findings are consistent with previous research (e. g. human and definite referents disfavor null objects), while other results differ (e. g. PAS propositions disfavor null objects). Activation status and anaphora expression are the most significant predictors of null objects in PAS. In particular, highly accessible referents in discourse and anaphoric null objects favored null objects in subsequent clauses. Thus, the results in the present study demonstrate the pivotal role of information structure in object instantiation, furthering the discussion on syntax-discourse interplay phenomena.
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Crawford, Eric, and Joelle Pineau. "Spatially Invariant Unsupervised Object Detection with Convolutional Neural Networks." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 33 (July 17, 2019): 3412–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33013412.
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There are many reasons to expect an ability to reason in terms of objects to be a crucial skill for any generally intelligent agent. Indeed, recent machine learning literature is replete with examples of the benefits of object-like representations: generalization, transfer to new tasks, and interpretability, among others. However, in order to reason in terms of objects, agents need a way of discovering and detecting objects in the visual world - a task which we call unsupervised object detection. This task has received significantly less attention in the literature than its supervised counterpart, especially in the case of large images containing many objects. In the current work, we develop a neural network architecture that effectively addresses this large-image, many-object setting. In particular, we combine ideas from Attend, Infer, Repeat (AIR), which performs unsupervised object detection but does not scale well, with recent developments in supervised object detection. We replace AIR’s core recurrent network with a convolutional (and thus spatially invariant) network, and make use of an object-specification scheme that describes the location of objects with respect to local grid cells rather than the image as a whole. Through a series of experiments, we demonstrate a number of features of our architecture: that, unlike AIR, it is able to discover and detect objects in large, many-object scenes; that it has a significant ability to generalize to images that are larger and contain more objects than images encountered during training; and that it is able to discover and detect objects with enough accuracy to facilitate non-trivial downstream processing.
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Reppa, Irene, Kate E. Williams, W. James Greville, and Jo Saunders. "The relative contribution of shape and colour to object memory." Memory & Cognition 48, no. 8 (June 15, 2020): 1504–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-020-01058-w.
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AbstractThe current studies examined the relative contribution of shape and colour in object representations in memory. A great deal of evidence points to the significance of shape in object recognition, with the role of colour being instrumental under certain circumstances. A key but yet unanswered question concerns the contribution of colour relative to shape in mediating retrieval of object representations from memory. Two experiments (N=80) used a new method to probe episodic memory for objects and revealed the relative contribution of colour and shape in recognition memory. Participants viewed pictures of objects from different categories, presented one at a time. During a practice phase, participants performed yes/no recognition with some of the studied objects and their distractors. Unpractised objects shared shape only (Rp–Shape), colour only (Rp–Colour), shape and colour (Rp–Both), or neither shape nor colour (Rp–Neither), with the practised objects. Interference effects in memory between practised and unpractised items were revealed in the forgetting of related unpractised items – retrieval-induced forgetting. Retrieval-induced forgetting was consistently significant for Rp–Shape and Rp–Colour objects. These findings provide converging evidence that colour is an automatically encoded object property, and present new evidence that both shape and colour act simultaneously and effectively to drive retrieval of objects from long-term memory.
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Vatakis, Argiro, Katerina Pastra, and Panagiotis Dimitrakis. "Acquiring object affordances through touch, vision, and language." Seeing and Perceiving 25 (2012): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x646857.
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We often use tactile-input in order to recognize familiar objects and to acquire information about unfamiliar ones. We also use our hands to manipulate objects and utilize them as tools. However, research on object affordances has mainly been focused on visual-input and, thus, limiting the level of detail one can get about object features and uses. In addition to the limited multisensory-input, data on object affordances has also been hindered by limited participant input (e.g., naming task). In order to address the above mention limitations, we aimed at identifying a new methodology for obtaining undirected, rich information regarding people’s perception of a given object and the uses it can afford without necessarily viewing the particular object. Specifically, 40 participants were video-recorded in a three-block experiment. During the experiment, participants were exposed to pictures of objects, pictures of someone holding the objects, and the actual objects and they were allowed to provide unconstrained verbal responses on the description and possible uses of the stimuli presented. The stimuli presented were lithic tools given the: novelty, man-made design, design for specific use/action, and absence of functional knowledge and movement associations. The experiment resulted in a large linguistic database, which was linguistically analyzed following a response-based specification. Analysis of the data revealed significant contribution of visual- and tactile-input in naming and definition of object-attributes (color/condition/shape/size/texture/weight), while no significant tactile-information was obtained for object-features of material, visual-pattern, and volume. Overall, this new approach highlights the importance of multisensory-input in the study of object affordances.
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Bednarek, Michal, Piotr Kicki, Jakub Bednarek, and Krzysztof Walas. "Gaining a Sense of Touch Object Stiffness Estimation Using a Soft Gripper and Neural Networks." Electronics 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10010096.
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Soft grippers are gaining significant attention in the manipulation of elastic objects, where it is required to handle soft and unstructured objects, which are vulnerable to deformations. The crucial problem is to estimate the physical parameters of a squeezed object to adjust the manipulation procedure, which poses a significant challenge. The research on physical parameters estimation using deep learning algorithms on measurements from direct interaction with objects using robotic grippers is scarce. In our work, we proposed a trainable system which performs the regression of an object stiffness coefficient from the signals registered during the interaction of the gripper with the object. First, using the physics simulation environment, we performed extensive experiments to validate our approach. Afterwards, we prepared a system that works in a real-world scenario with real data. Our learned system can reliably estimate the stiffness of an object, using the Yale OpenHand soft gripper, based on readings from Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) attached to the fingers of the gripper. Additionally, during the experiments, we prepared three datasets of IMU readings gathered while squeezing the objects—two created in the simulation environment and one composed of real data. The dataset is the contribution to the community providing the way for developing and validating new approaches in the growing field of soft manipulation.
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Jeong, Su Keun, and Yaoda Xu. "Task-context-dependent Linear Representation of Multiple Visual Objects in Human Parietal Cortex." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 29, no. 10 (October 2017): 1778–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01156.
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A host of recent studies have reported robust representations of visual object information in the human parietal cortex, similar to those found in ventral visual cortex. In ventral visual cortex, both monkey neurophysiology and human fMRI studies showed that the neural representation of a pair of unrelated objects can be approximated by the averaged neural representation of the constituent objects shown in isolation. In this study, we examined whether such a linear relationship between objects exists for object representations in the human parietal cortex. Using fMRI and multivoxel pattern analysis, we examined object representations in human inferior and superior intraparietal sulcus, two parietal regions previously implicated in visual object selection and encoding, respectively. We also examined responses from the lateral occipital region, a ventral object processing area. We obtained fMRI response patterns to object pairs and their constituent objects shown in isolation while participants viewed these objects and performed a 1-back repetition detection task. By measuring fMRI response pattern correlations, we found that all three brain regions contained representations for both single object and object pairs. In the lateral occipital region, the representation for a pair of objects could be reliably approximated by the average representation of its constituent objects shown in isolation, replicating previous findings in ventral visual cortex. Such a simple linear relationship, however, was not observed in either parietal region examined. Nevertheless, when we equated the amount of task information present by examining responses from two pairs of objects, we found that representations for the average of two object pairs were indistinguishable in both parietal regions from the average of another two object pairs containing the same four component objects but with a different pairing of the objects (i.e., the average of AB and CD vs. that of AD and CB). Thus, when task information was held consistent, the same linear relationship may govern how multiple independent objects are represented in the human parietal cortex as it does in ventral visual cortex. These findings show that object and task representations coexist in the human parietal cortex and characterize one significant difference of how visual information may be represented in ventral visual and parietal regions.
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Skytsiouk, Volodymyr, and Tatiana Klotchko. "PHANTOM MODEL OF DISTRIBUTION OF VIRAL OBJECTS IN A PANDEMIC. PART 3." Bulletin of Kyiv Polytechnic Institute. Series Instrument Making, no. 61(1) (June 30, 2021): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/1970.61(1).2021.237113.
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The article states that the nature of the virus's interaction with objects during its spread in any environment is a significant problem. Therefore, taking into account the peculiarities of such a complex fractional composition of flows can make it possible to determine the nature of the interaction of the object, in particular biological, with complex particles of viral flows when touching.
The author's previous works consider the peculiarities of the spread of viruses in the surrounding space of the pandanus zone of the object under the condition of a single fraction of the particle, ie in the near-surface layer. Of course, to better understand the nature of the interaction of viral flows with objects of possible infection, it is necessary to analyze the processes of virion’s touching to the cell surface of a biological object. The studied regularities of the occurrence of motion forces in environment’s space made it possible to determine the geometric parameters of the spread of viral formations near the object’s surface.
The main purpose of this study was to continue to create a model of interaction of complex flows with different fractions that are carriers of viruses as material particles in the environment, in terms of modeling the motion and touching the surface of the object at different types of touch depending on their interaction.
The mechanical movement of the virus during contact, rather than stages, as in biological processes, is considered. The nature of the interaction of complex viruses’s streams with objects of biological origin is modeled. To study the peculiarities of the interaction of the virion with the cell surface of a biological object, it is necessary to consider the flow complex of particles of different fractions, i.e. microstructures of virions that accompany drip suspension flows of body fluids and foreign dust particles. Thus, we can distinguish the motion of a complex of particles that comes into contact with object’s surface, as well as the possibility of breaking out individual microparticles, virions, which can emerge from the complex flow and propagate separately from others. At the same time, the dependences of the energy complex, which forms the flow of complex elements-particles of different fractions, which can take into account the range of flow propagation and features of motion kinematics, are determined.
In further research, the phantom model of the propagation of fluxes of viral objects in space requires modeling the temporal parameters of the motion of fluxes of complex particles during the propagation to the object’s surface of various origins, including biological object.
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Ray, Zachary, and Erik D. Engeberg. "Human-Inspired Reflex to Autonomously Prevent Slip of Grasped Objects Rotated with a Prosthetic Hand." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2018 (June 24, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2784939.
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Autonomously preventing grasped objects from slipping out of prosthetic hands is an important feature for limb-absent people since they cannot directly feel the grip force applied to grasped objects. Oftentimes, a satisfactory grip force in one situation will be inadequate in different situations, such as when the object is rotated or transported. Over time, people develop a grip reflex to prevent slip of grasped objects when they are rotated with respect to gravity by their natural hands. However, this reflexive trait is absent in commercially available prosthetic hands. This paper explores a human-inspired grasp reflex controller for prosthetic hands to prevent slip of objects when they are rotated. This novel human-inspired grasped object slip prevention controller is evaluated with 6 different objects in benchtop tests and by 12 able-bodied subjects during human experiments replicating realistic tasks of daily life. An analysis of variance showed highly significant improvement in the number of successfully completed cycles for both the benchtop and human tests when the slip prevention reflex was active. An object sorting task, which was designed to serve as a cognitive distraction for the human subjects while controlling the prosthetic hand, had a significant impact on many of the performance metrics. However, assistance from the novel slip prevention reflex mitigated the effects of the distraction, offering an effective method for reducing both object slip and the required cognitive load from the prosthetic hand user.
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BOBBIE, PATRICK O. "AUTOMATIC, RAPID GENERATION OF DESIGN PROTOTYPES FROM LOGIC SPECIFICATIONS." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 01, no. 04 (December 1991): 331–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819409100024x.
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This article is on a methodology for eliciting and verifying the correctness of domain knowledge using propositional logic. The domain knowledge is further structured and organized into subdomains of objects to facilitate an automatic and rapid development of design prototypes. The philosophy of the design paradigm is threefold: 1) focus the development of software requirements specifications on a set of objects and a set of relationships; 2) establish theorems about the interrelationships of the objects, prove the correctness of the theorems, construct software architectural models based on the transitivity of the theorems, and decompose the models into clusters of objects; and 3) employ object-oriented design techniques to generate prototypes of object classes from the resultant clusters. A prototype generator has been implemented to realize these goals. The significant contributions of this paper are: 1) limiting the contents of the specifications to objects and relationships and mapping this dual basis approach into formalisms of logic to derive and verify the abstract interdependencies of the objects; and 2) modeling, decomposing, and clustering the objects into common classes to facilitate a modular design.
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Wainwright, Bethany R., Melissa L. Allen, and Kate Cain. "The influence of labelling on symbolic understanding and dual representation in autism spectrum condition." Autism & Developmental Language Impairments 5 (January 2020): 239694152093172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2396941520931728.
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Background and aims Children with autism spectrum condition often have specific difficulties understanding that pictorial symbols refer to real-world objects in the environment. We investigated the influence of labelling on the symbolic understanding and dual representation of children with autism spectrum condition. Methods Children with autism spectrum condition and typically developing children were shown four coloured photographs of objects that had different functions across four separate trials. The participants were given either a novel label alongside a description of the object’s function or a description of the object’s function without a label. Children were then given 30 seconds to interact with an array of stimuli (pictures and objects) in a mapping test and in a generalisation test for each trial. This exploration phase allowed for spontaneous word–picture–referent mapping through free-play, providing an implicit measure of symbolic understanding. Results We found no significant difference in word–picture–referent mapping between groups and conditions. Both groups more often performed the described action on the target object in the exploration phase regardless of condition. Conclusions and implications Our results suggest that a spontaneous measure of symbolic understanding (such as free-play) may reveal competencies in word–picture–referent mapping in autism spectrum condition.
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Xie, Yinghong, Xiaosheng Yu, and Chengdong Wu. "Tracking objects using Grassmann manifold appearance modeling based on wireless multimedia sensor networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 14, no. 3 (March 2018): 155014771876685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147718766856.
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Visual object tracking methods based on wireless multimedia sensor network is one of the research hotspots while the present linear method for processing feature vectors often lead to the tracking drift when tracking object with significant nonplanar pose variations through wireless sensor networks. In this article, we propose a novel nonlinear algorithm for tracking significant deformable objects. The proposed tracking scheme has two filters. On one hand, considering that Grassmann manifold is one of entropy manifold in Lie group manifold, which can describe and process the data of appearance feature more accurately, one filter is designed on it, to estimate the object appearance, by making full use of the transformation relationship between the point on manifold and its corresponding point on tangent space. On the other hand, considering that the process of objects imaging is essentially projection transformation process, the other filter is designed on projection transformation (SL(3)) group, describing the geometric deformation of the objects. The two filters execute alternatively to mitigate tracking drift. Extensive experiments prove that the proposed method can realize stable and accurate tracking for targets with significant geometric deformation, even obscured and illumination changes.
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Mathis, Alicia. "Territoriality in a Terrestrial Salamander: the Influence of Resource Quality and Body Size." Behaviour 112, no. 3-4 (1990): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853990x00176.
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AbstractIntraspecific interference competition associated with territoriality has been documented in laboratory studies of the red-backed salamander, Plethodon cinereus. I used laboratory and field experiments to study the effect of resource quality and body size on such competition. In an experiment in southwestern Virginia, cover objects (e.g., logs) from which the resident salamanders were removed were invaded significantly more often than cover objects from which the resident salamander was not removed. These data provide the first direct test of territoriality for a salamander in a natural habitat. Newly invading salamanders were significantly smaller than the original territorial residents. Therefore, large body size is an advantage in territorial encounters. Because cover objects are important resources for terrestrial salamanders, characteristics of the cover object may contribute to territory quality. In an experiment conducted during warm summer weather at the Virginia site, soil temperatures under large cover objects were significantly cooler than those under small cover objects or under the leaf litter. Large cover objects may therefore benefit the salamanders by providing a buffer zone between the salamander and extreme environmental temperatures on the forest floor. In both laboratory and field experiments, when salamanders were offered a choice between large and small cover objects, both large and small salamanders exhibited a significant preference for large cover objects. Also I censused cover objects in a natural mixed hardwood forest habitat during courting and noncourting seasons and, for both seasons, I found a significant positive correlation between the body size of the salamander and the size of the cover object that it occupied. I conclude that, in this natural forest habitat, there is intraspecific competition for high quality cover objects and larger individuals are more successful competitors than smaller individuals.
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Grethlein, Jonas. "ODYSSEUS AND HIS BED. FROM SIGNIFICANT OBJECTS TO THING THEORY IN HOMER." Classical Quarterly 69, no. 2 (December 2019): 467–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838820000063.
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Things in Homer cannot complain about a lack of attention. Nearly forty years ago, Jasper Griffin, in response to the oralist emphasis on composition and formulaic language, drew our attention to the many significant objects populating the Iliad and the Odyssey. Nestor's cup, for example, is so heavy that other men have difficulties to lift it; the cup illustrates the eminence of its owner who rubbed shoulders with the far greater heroes of the past. As Griffin demonstrated, Homer deftly uses the significance of objects to enrich many scenes of his narrative. While the sceptre, symbol of the king's power, underscores the sorry figure cut by Agamemnon in Iliad Book 2, the washing places that Hector passes when he tries to escape Achilles generate a powerful tragic contrast to the battlefield chase in which he is now involved. Following Griffin's lead, scholars have closely examined things and their role in Homeric epic, notably their commemorative function: weapons and other objects have biographies and are therefore an important means of evoking the past besides song.
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Bilik, Yu, M. Haridim, and D. Bilik. "Significant improvement of detection of underground rectilinear objects based on anisotropy measurements." Journal of Applied Geophysics 154 (July 2018): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2018.05.002.
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PRÉVOST, PHILIPPE. "The phenomenon of object omission in child L2 French." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9, no. 3 (October 20, 2006): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728906002628.
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This paper investigates object omission in French longitudinal production from two English-speaking children (Lightbown, 1977). Similar patterns of object omission are observed: direct objects start being dropped as transitive verbs are emerging and licit and illicit null objects occur in all recordings thereafter. Moreover, the incidence of illicit null objects drops at about the same time in both children (month 20), which corresponds to the moment object clitics start being used productively and to the end of the root infinitive period (Prévost, 1997). I argue that object omission is an instance of clitic-drop and is related to processing difficulties. In particular, both the projection of full-fledged representations and the production of object clitics (which occupy non-canonical object positions in French) increase computational complexity for children. Object-drop in child L2 French does not seem to be affected by L1 transfer nor to be related to significant difficulties with properties at the syntax/pragmatics interface.
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Li, Shuohao, Min Tang, Jun Zhang, and Lincheng Jiang. "Attentive Gated Graph Neural Network for Image Scene Graph Generation." Symmetry 12, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12040511.
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Image scene graph is a semantic structural representation which can not only show what objects are in the image, but also infer the relationships and interactions among them. Despite the recent success in object detection using deep neural networks, automatically recognizing social relations of objects in images remains a challenging task due to the significant gap between the domains of visual content and social relation. In this work, we translate the scene graph into an Attentive Gated Graph Neural Network which can propagate a message by visual relationship embedding. More specifically, nodes in gated neural networks can represent objects in the image, and edges can be regarded as relationships among objects. In this network, an attention mechanism is applied to measure the strength of the relationship between objects. It can increase the accuracy of object classification and reduce the complexity of relationship classification. Extensive experiments on the widely adopted Visual Genome Dataset show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Kuhnert, K. D., and D. Pechtel. "Towards creating abstract features of complex objects – the fusion of contour points in significant contour sections for object recognition." Pattern Recognition Letters 23, no. 6 (April 2002): 713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8655(01)00145-3.
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Wu, Jingqian, and Shibiao Xu. "From Point to Region: Accurate and Efficient Hierarchical Small Object Detection in Low-Resolution Remote Sensing Images." Remote Sensing 13, no. 13 (July 3, 2021): 2620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13132620.
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Accurate object detection is important in computer vision. However, detecting small objects in low-resolution images remains a challenging and elusive problem, primarily because these objects are constructed of less visual information and cannot be easily distinguished from similar background regions. To resolve this problem, we propose a Hierarchical Small Object Detection Network in low-resolution remote sensing images, named HSOD-Net. We develop a point-to-region detection paradigm by first performing a key-point prediction to obtain position hypotheses, then only later super-resolving the image and detecting the objects around those candidate positions. By postponing the object prediction to after increasing its resolution, the obtained key-points are more stable than their traditional counterparts based on early object detection with less visual information. This hierarchical approach, HSOD-Net, saves significant run-time, which makes it more suitable for practical applications such as search and rescue, and drone navigation. In comparison with the state-of-art models, HSOD-Net achieves remarkable precision in detecting small objects in low-resolution remote sensing images.
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Vorobev, Sergey, Sergey Senderov, and Alexey Edelev. "Search of critically important combinations of objects of the gas industry from the positions of the system operability." E3S Web of Conferences 58 (2018): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185803002.
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The paper is devoted to the search for critical combinations of gas industry objects from the standpoint of system operability. Critically important is the object partial or complete failure which can cause significant damage to the country from the fuel and energy complex in general or within the framework of a separate energy system. It is possible to failure of a critical and other object of the system. The paper presents the main major critical combinations of gas industry objects. Their significance and impact on the efficiency of the gas industry in Russia is shown. Conclusions are made about the expediency of searching for critical combinations of gas industry objects from the standpoint of system operability.
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HATZILYGEROUDIS, IOANNIS. "SILO: INTEGRATING LOGIC IN OBJECTS FOR KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION AND REASONING." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 05, no. 04 (December 1996): 403–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213096000250.
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There have been a large number of systems that integrate logic and objects (frames or classes) for knowledge representation and reasoning. Most of those systems give pre-eminence to logic and their objects lack the structure of frames. These choices imply a number of disadvantages, as the inability to represent exceptions and perform default reasoning, and the reduction in the naturalness of representation. In this paper, aspects of knowledge representation and reasoning in SILO, a system integrating logic in objects, are presented. SILO gives pre-eminence to objects. A SILO object comprises elements from both frames and classes. A kind of many-sorted logic is used to express object internal knowledge. Message passing, alongside inheritance, plays a significant role in the reasoning process. Control knowledge, concerning both deduction and inheritance. is separately and explicitly represented via definitions of certain functions, called meta-functions.
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Rennig, Johannes, Sonja Cornelsen, Helmut Wilhelm, Marc Himmelbach, and Hans-Otto Karnath. "Preserved Expert Object Recognition in a Case of Visual Hemiagnosia." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 30, no. 2 (February 2018): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01193.
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We examined a stroke patient (HWS) with a unilateral lesion of the right medial ventral visual stream, involving the right fusiform and parahippocampal gyri. In a number of object recognition tests with lateralized presentations of target stimuli, HWS showed significant symptoms of hemiagnosia with contralesional recognition deficits for everyday objects. We further explored the patient's capacities of visual expertise that were acquired before the current perceptual impairment became effective. We confronted him with objects he was an expert for already before stroke onset and compared this performance with the recognition of familiar everyday objects. HWS was able to identify significantly more of the specific (“expert”) than of the everyday objects on the affected contralesional side. This observation of better expert object recognition in visual hemiagnosia allows for several interpretations. The results may be caused by enhanced information processing for expert objects in the ventral system in the affected or the intact hemisphere. Expert knowledge could trigger top–down mechanisms supporting object recognition despite of impaired basic functions of object processing. More importantly, the current work demonstrates that top–down mechanisms of visual expertise influence object recognition at an early stage, probably before visual object information propagates to modules of higher object recognition. Because HWS showed a lesion to the fusiform gyrus and spared capacities of expert object recognition, the current study emphasizes possible contributions of areas outside the ventral stream to visual expertise.
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Petrušonis, Vytautas. "Messages of Architectural Objects." Architecture and Urban Planning 13, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aup-2017-0007.
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Abstract The article aims at revealing the role of architecture in programming ethically significant content in the observer’s consciousness. The concepts of intext and metatext are very helpful in this situation. The knowledge about semantization levels, different types of metalanguage that work in the programming of mind, about the role of metalogic information that is adjusting attitudes is crucial. Original criterion system and certain instruments of such evaluation analysis were created using theoretical methods: abstraction, analogy, generalization, reasoning, synthesis. Moreover, methods of phenomenology and semantic analysis were applied.
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Li, Yangyang, Qin Huang, Xuan Pei, Licheng Jiao, and Ronghua Shang. "RADet: Refine Feature Pyramid Network and Multi-Layer Attention Network for Arbitrary-Oriented Object Detection of Remote Sensing Images." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (January 25, 2020): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030389.
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Object detection has made significant progress in many real-world scenes. Despite this remarkable progress, the common use case of detection in remote sensing images remains challenging even for leading object detectors, due to the complex background, objects with arbitrary orientation, and large difference in scale of objects. In this paper, we propose a novel rotation detector for remote sensing images, mainly inspired by Mask R-CNN, namely RADet. RADet can obtain the rotation bounding box of objects with shape mask predicted by the mask branch, which is a novel, simple and effective way to get the rotation bounding box of objects. Specifically, a refine feature pyramid network is devised with an improved building block constructing top-down feature maps, to solve the problem of large difference in scales. Meanwhile, the position attention network and the channel attention network are jointly explored by modeling the spatial position dependence between global pixels and highlighting the object feature, for detecting small object surrounded by complex background. Extensive experiments on two remote sensing public datasets, DOTA and NWPUVHR -10, show our method to outperform existing leading object detectors in remote sensing field.
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Bansal, Ankan, Sai Saketh Rambhatla, Abhinav Shrivastava, and Rama Chellappa. "Detecting Human-Object Interactions via Functional Generalization." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 07 (April 3, 2020): 10460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i07.6616.
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We present an approach for detecting human-object interactions (HOIs) in images, based on the idea that humans interact with functionally similar objects in a similar manner. The proposed model is simple and efficiently uses the data, visual features of the human, relative spatial orientation of the human and the object, and the knowledge that functionally similar objects take part in similar interactions with humans. We provide extensive experimental validation for our approach and demonstrate state-of-the-art results for HOI detection. On the HICO-Det dataset our method achieves a gain of over 2.5% absolute points in mean average precision (mAP) over state-of-the-art. We also show that our approach leads to significant performance gains for zero-shot HOI detection in the seen object setting. We further demonstrate that using a generic object detector, our model can generalize to interactions involving previously unseen objects.
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Budiarso, Harinaldi, Riza Farrash Karim, and James Julian. "Drag reduction due to recirculating bubble control using plasma actuator on a squareback model." MATEC Web of Conferences 154 (2018): 01108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815401108.
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Flow control on a squareback object which resembles many engineering related objects is believed to be highly beneficial. One of the flow characteristics behind the object, recirculating bubble, is known to play significant role in pressure distribution. Meanwhile, plasma actuator implementation on such object is still underdeveloped in application basis. This paper focuses on acquiring a deeper understanding of plasma actuator effect on flow phenomenon behind a squareback object, especially on its application to recirculating bubble control in order to reduce drag. The experiment was divided into drag measurement experiment and visualization experiment. The drag measurement result shows that plasma actuator succeeded on reducing drag up to 15.36% in the lowest Reynolds number. Meanwhile, the visualization experiment shows that plasma actuator has shifted the recirculating bubble position to be closer to the object’s wall.
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Flittner*, Jonathan, John Luksas, and Joseph L. Gabbard. "Predicting User Performance in Augmented Reality User Interfaces with Image Analysis Algorithms." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 2108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641511.
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This study determines how to apply existing image analysis measures of visual clutter to augmented reality user interfaces, in conjunction with other factors that may affect performance such as the percentage of virtual objects compared to real objects in an interface, and the type of object a user is searching for (real or virtual). Image analysis measures of clutter were specifically chosen as they can be applied to complex and naturalistic images as is common to experience while using an AR UI. The end goal of this research is to develop an algorithm capable of predicting user performance for a given AR UI. In this experiment, twelve participants performed a visual search task of locating a target object in an array of objects where some objects were virtual, and some were real. Participants completed this task under three different clutter levels (low, medium, high) against five different levels of virtual object percentage (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and two types of targets (real, virtual) with repetition. Task performance was measured through response time. Results show significant differences in response time between clutter levels and between virtual object percentage, but not target type. Participants consistently had more difficulty finding objects in more cluttered scenes, where clutter was determined through image analysis methods, and had more difficulty in finding objects when the virtual of objects was at 50% as opposed to other scenarios. Response time positively correlated to measures of combined clutter (virtual and real) arrays but not for measures of clutter taken of the individual array components (virtual or real), and positively correlated with the clutter scores of the target objects themselves.
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Carta, Giovanni. "Metadata and video games emulation: an effective bond to achieve authentic preservation?" Records Management Journal 27, no. 2 (July 17, 2017): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-10-2016-0037.
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Purpose The aim of this paper is to rethink the concept of significant properties in relationship to video game emulation. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, video games are examined as complex digital objects, that is digital objects that are constituted by multiple layers that are interconnected with other objects. Starting from the assumption that metadata are fundamental to individuate the authenticity and accuracy of a complex digital object, the research is based on the analysis of the most recent frameworks that propose a substantial use of metadata to perform gaming emulation. Findings Technical metadata are being used within emulation frameworks to describe digital environments and objects. Although metadata cannot be considered a definitive solution for preserving significant properties of video games, they should be used in a more extensive way across frameworks. Originality/value This paper tries to provide insights on video game properties that can help to refine the debate on emulation.