Academic literature on the topic 'Sign selector'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sign selector":
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Koine, Norio. "Chromatographic Optical Resolution Based on the Chiral Discrimination between Ions of the Same Sign, Anionic Cobalt(III) Complex Racemates and Anionic Selector [Sb2(d-tart)2]2−." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 64, no. 8 (August 1991): 2356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.64.2356.
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Wooding, Stephen. "Natural Selection: Sign, Sign, Everywhere a Sign." Current Biology 14, no. 17 (September 2004): R700—R701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.08.041.
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Weston-Bell, Nicola J., Gavin Babbage, Francesco Forconi, Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, and Surinder S. Sahota. "Hairy Cell Leukaemia Displaying Multiple Surface Immunoglobulin Isotypes Reveal a Functional B-Cell Receptor In Which Isotype Roles Differ." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 1567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1567.1567.
Abstract:
Abstract Abstract 1567 The B-cell receptor (BCR) is critical to survival of normal B-cells, and regulates key aspects of cellular behavior. Of these, response to antigen determines pathways of normal B-cell maturation, including isotype switch events that occur by deletional class switch recombination (CSR), an irrevocable event, to yield IgG/A memory B-cells. Less frequently, CSR via a cryptic site generates IgD+ B-cells whereas IgM+IgD+ antigen experienced B-cells synthesize each isotype by an alternative transcript splicing mechanism. The role of the BCR in survival of malignant B-cells however is less well defined, in particular in response to antigen. Intriguingly, in Hairy cell leukemia (HCL), BCR assembly occurs with multiple surface immunoglobulin (sIg) isotypes (mult-HCL), many co-expressed on individual hairy cells (HCs) in an otherwise monoclonal tumor. Multiple isotypes appear to exclude deletional CSR events, and suggests a RNA processing mechanism of molecular assembly. This phenotype is rare even amongst malignant B-cells, and raises the question of the functional relevance of individual variant isotypes. It also potentially presents a model to dissect roles of multiple isotypes on single B-cells. To examine this, we investigated the BCR in CD19+CD11c+CD103+ mult-HCL cases (n=10), in which 2–4 differing sIg isotypes were present on most HCs, with single or, in 3 cases, dual sIgL expression. In all cases, IGHV genes were mutated, and confirmed monoclonality. Phenotype revealed 2 distinct subsets by sIg isotype co-expression, IgD+ve and IgD-ve. Using Ca2+ flux and ERK phosphorylation assays after cross-linking with specific anti-sIg antibodies, we observed a functional BCR in all mult-HCL examined, in both subsets (10/10 cases Ca2+, 6/6 cases ERK). However, striking differences emerged between the two subsets. In sIgD+ve mult-HCL, IgD mediated persistent Ca2+ flux, with flux also evident via >1 sIgH isotype. In marked contrast, in sIgD-ve mult-HCL Ca2+ flux was restricted to a single sIgH isotype, but not via IgM. Flux signals in this subset were transient. In most cases only a single sIgL transduced flux. We next evaluated BCR endocytosis after cross-linking individual isotypes and IgL. In 2 sIgD+ve cases, anti-IgD and anti-Igλ stimulation led to endocytosis of both sIgD and sIgλ, and in 1 case, where examined, anti-IgM stimulation endocytosed both sIgM and sIgλ. In 3 sIgD-ve cases, functional sIgH and sIgL induced endocytosis of the stimulated isotype, but again sIgM was dysfunctional, remaining immobilized on the cell surface. Ca2+ flux through endocytosed isotypes was correspondingly either significantly reduced or ablated in both subsets. In HCs, BCR endocytosis is clearly dependent on functional isotypes and IgL, and parallels events in normal B-cells. Lastly, we examined downstream effects of BCR signalling on cell viability, using soluble (sAb) and bound (bAb) anti-sIg antibodies. In a single IgD+ve mult-HCL case, both sAb and bAb anti-IgM yielded a significant level of apoptosis compared to control antibodies, whereas anti-IgD sAb resulted in no appreciable difference to level of spontaneous apoptosis, suggesting a disengagement of signals from this pathway. This disengagement was also observed in a separate HCL case expressing only IgD, and not in the mult-HCL cohort initially selected, where anti-IgD signals again did not increase levels of apoptosis. In IgD-ve mult-HCL (n=4), sAb and bAb specific cross-linking of IgG/A triggered significant apoptosis. These data demonstrate, for the first time, that mult-HCL retains a functional responsiveness via the BCR, suggesting an absence of anergic effects that may follow chronic antigen exposure in-vivo to self-antigen. Signals via sIgM/G/A isotypes, where functional, induce apoptosis in mult-HCL, whereas sIgD opposes such effects. Despite an apparently unique molecular mechanism of IgD expression in mult-HCL, this isotype appears to be hardwired in B-cells to mediate responses that differ from IgM. The persistent flux observed here indicates a more sustained and robust IgD signaling cascade, as also observed in B-cell models. These data reveal distinctive and opposing effects of individual isotypes on BCR mediated behavior in mult-HCL. While apoptotic responses appear to negate a role for antigen in tumor drive in-vivo, potential antigen engagement via IgD, if dominant leaves this question open. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Musov, O., М. Savchenko, I. Levchuk, and L. Frolova. "THERMODYNAMIC MODELING OF OXYGEN DISSOLVATION IN WATER." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi 1, no. 65 (2022): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.65.2022.11.
Abstract:
. Traditional methods for determining the solubility of oxygen in water are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown. It is noted that especially great difficulties arise when measuring SO in a real chemical process, where the temperature and components of the system, as well as their ratios change over time. The new method for determining the solubility of oxygen based on thermodynamic calculation of the equilibrium phase and component composition of the oxygen-water system by minimizing the isobaric-isothermal potential of Gibbs using the software package "Selector" is proposed. The model is based on the exact equation of state for calculating the chemical potential of the vapor phase and the chemical potential of the liquid phase. The result is mathematical laws of dissolution of oxygen in water depending on a wide range of temperatures and pressures, which allows significantly facilitating and expanding the range of reliable control of the parameters of chemical-technological processes. The thermodynamic model allows calculations to be performed both in pure water and in acid and salt solutions, as well as taking into account the vapor phase and without it. The equation of Henry’s constant is given 2 1 X P A B T C T DT = ++ + 0.0181 exp( ln( ) ) for oxygen and air from temperatures in the range of 273...373 K and pressures up to 10 atm., which allows determining any intermediate values. To do this, it is necessary to substitute in the equation the current data of temperature and pressure, which are easily measurable. It is shown that within these ranges the deviation from the experimental values is minimal ∼1%, which allows using of the presented equations in technological calculations. The value of the temperature, at which the minimum solubility of oxygen is being observed, for pure oxygen is determined Tmin = 370.5K, for air Tmin = 370.3 K., the value of enthalpy changes sign.
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Valle Argos, Beatriz, Giorgia Chiodin, Francesco Forconi, Richard Burack, Philip Rock, Graham Packham, and Freda K. Stevenson. "Lymphoma-Specific Subversion of B-Cell Receptor Signaling By Macrophage Lectins." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110954.
Abstract:
Abstract The clue that surface Ig (sIg) is implicated in the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma (FL) is that in FL the vast majority of the sIg variable regions are structurally modified by insertion of mannose residues into the antigen-binding sites. This is tumor-specific and reflects positive selection of sequence motifs for glycan addition introduced during somatic hypermutation. The termination at high mannoses is very unusual in cell surface molecules and it confers an ability to interact with local lectins expressed by macrophages. In this respect, the mannose cloaking of the sIg receptor resembles that of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which acquires a similar mannose coat to facilitate binding to macrophages. The lectin DC-SIGN is upregulated in FL, likely via local IL-4, and is the strong lectin candidate. To address the question of the functional implications of interaction between DC-SIGN and sIgM we used a FL-derived cell line (WSU-FSCCL) which expresses sIg-mannoses. We found that two recombinant derivatives of DC-SIGN (DC-SIGN-Fc or DC-SIGN-HA) bind to the sIgM but not to a cell line which express sIgM without mannose insertion. Although the mannoses are an integral part of the sIgM, and anti-IgM induces a Ca2+ flux, DC-SIGN binds but does not mimic anti-IgM. In the WSU-FSCCL cell line it remains on the surface IgM without inducing a Ca2+ response and without mediating endocytosis of the sIgM. However, DC-SIGN does act on the sIgM as revealed by the effects of pre-exposure of the cells to either DC-SIGN derivative, which, although there is no blocking of access of anti-IgM, alters the ability of the cell to respond to stimulation. Pre-exposure appears to partially paralyze the subsequent sIgM-induced Ca2+ flux indicating a lectin-mediated modification of sIgM function. On engagement by anti-IgM, sIg undergoes conventional endocytosis and this was confirmed in WSU-FSCCL. Inhibitors which block signaling did not affect endocytosis, indicating bifurcation of signaling and endocytic pathways. Knowing that DC-SIGN derivatives, again in contrast to anti-IgM, did not induce endocytosis of sIgM, we then asked if the paralysis of the sIgM-mediated Ca2+ flux by pre-exposure to lectin affected anti-IgM-induced endocytosis, and found that it did not. This confirms the separation of signaling and endocytosis and indicates that whatever change is occurring in sIgM due to lectin exposure does not remove the sIgM from the endocytic machinery. We then investigated primary FL cases, using a splenic FL and 2 lymph node FLs, all carrying N-glycosylation motifs and able to bind DC-SIGN. We focused on the DC-SIGN-HA derivative, which gives no detectable Ca2+ flux signal by itself. Binding of the lectin again paralyzed subsequent anti-IgM-induced Ca2+ flux in all cases (Fig.1A), confirming the results with the cell line. Further investigation revealed that the lectin prevents early events after antigen binding to the sIg receptor reducing SYK phosphorylation and leading to a reduced Ca2+ mobilization (Fig.1B). In conclusion, modulation of the B-cell receptor by mannose addition to the antigen-binding site allows lectin access from innate microenvironmental cells. The effect of this is to provide a low level/null signal without loss by endocytosis. The novel finding is that this interaction then lowers the function of the B-cell receptor and perhaps blocks potential interference by antigen. There may be a parallelism with reports of modification of T-cell receptor function by galectins, with both pointing to the role of post-translational modification adding another layer of control on the operation of the major immune receptors. In the case of FL, this has been exploited to maintain tumor cells in the hostile environment of the germinal center. The apparently lymphoma-specific adaptation offers opportunities for targeted inhibition of the interaction. Figure 1. Figure 1. Disclosures Forconi: Janssen-Cilag: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy. Packham:Aquinox: Research Funding.
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Tolman, Jon M., Carlos Drummond De Andrade, and Virginia Peckham De Araújo. "The Minus Sign: Selected Poems." Chasqui 17, no. 1 (1988): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29740047.
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Williams, Frederick G., Carlos Drummond de Andrade, and Virginia de Araujo. "The Minus Sign: Selected Poems." Hispania 68, no. 1 (March 1985): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/341613.
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Chan, M. A., L. D. Stein, H. M. Dosch, and N. H. Sigal. "Heterogeneity of EBV-transformable human B lymphocyte populations." Journal of Immunology 136, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.136.1.106.
Abstract:
Abstract Although most human B cells express receptors for Epstein Barr virus (EBV), few (usually less than 1%) are readily transformed into B lymphoblastoid cell lines after exposure to EBV. Transformable cells previously have been found to be mostly resting B lymphocytes. We recently developed a limiting dilution culture system which permits the growth of EBV-transformed B lymphocytes with high efficiency. Because in this system up to over 30% of peripheral blood- or tonsil-derived B cells respond to EBV, we re-examined the properties of EBV-transformable cells. Frequencies of transformable lymphocytes were determined by Poisson analysis. EBV-susceptible B cells committed to IgM, IgG, or IgA secretion were found to occur in the range of 3 to 27, 0.1 to 6, and 0.1 to 5 per 100 B cells, respectively. Under our culture conditions, a major proportion of the IgM-committed cells derived from large lymphocytes which appeared to have entered the cell cycle. This population contains most of the EBV-responsive cells detected and, therefore, most of the additional cells responding in our culture system. In contrast, precursors of IgG- or IgA-producing lymphoblast lines were small cells with DNA contents typical for the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle. Anti-immunoglobulin antibodies were used in panning experiments to separate B cell subpopulations which expressed different immunoglobulin isotypes on their surface. In limiting dilution cultures of these purified B lymphocytes subsets, it was found that virtually all precursors of IgM-producing cell lines expressed surface IgM (sIgM) before their infection and transformation by EBV. The "cloning efficiency" of positively selected, large sIgM+ cells approached 100%. In contrast, sIgG or sIgA were found only on cells committed to the production of IgG or IgA, respectively. The expression of sIgD was examined by using sequential panning procedures. Virtually all IgM-committed lymphocytes and a subset of cells committed to IgA secretion were found among the sIgD+ cells. The majority of cells committed to IgA production and all IgG-committed cells were found in the sIgD- B cell population. Our findings indicate that the EBV-susceptible B cell subset of normal lymphocytes is heterogeneous with respect to cell size, cell cycle, sIg determinants, and efficiency of transformation. On the basis of our findings and previous reports, we propose a model in which transformability is a B cell-inherent property. Factors unrelated to the virus but present in our culture system appear responsible for the enhanced vulnerability to viral transformation in some cells which entered into the cell cycle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Rokade, Rajeshree S., and Dharmpal D. Doye. "Sign recognition using key frame selection." International Journal of Signal and Imaging Systems Engineering 9, no. 4/5 (2016): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsise.2016.078256.
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Doye, Dharmpal D., and Rajeshree S. Rokade. "Sign recognition using key frame selection." International Journal of Signal and Imaging Systems Engineering 9, no. 4/5 (2016): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsise.2016.10000095.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sign selector":
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Muhammad, Nuraddeen Ado. "Analysis and design of an innovative 19.5 GHz active phase-shifter architecture, implemented in a 0.13 μm BiCMOS SiGe process, for beamforming in 5G applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Poitiers, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024POIT2257.
Abstract:
Pour différentes raisons, la 5G domine actuellement l'actualité technologique. Les capacités de la 5G en termes de largeur de bande et de temps réel constitues un énorme potentiel sociétal en permettant pléthore d'applications nouvelles et inattendues. En effet, la bande de fréquence des ondes millimétriques se caractérise par une largeur de bande disponible qui peut prendre en charge des systèmes sans fil à haut débit pour les futurs systèmes de radiocommunication, y compris les systèmes cellulaires de cinquième génération et au-delà. Les fréquences d'exploitation des ondes millimétriques nécessitent généralement une plus grande ouverture d'antenne pour améliorer le bilan de liaison. Ces antennes se présentent généralement sous la forme de réseaux phasés, permettant la formation de faisceaux. Dans ce contexte, ce travail présente la conception et la mise en œuvre d'un déphaseur actif à 19,5 GHz pour la formation de faisceaux. Le circuit proposé est basé sur une architecture originale utilisant un oscillateur commandé en tension verrouillé par injection (ILVCO en Anglais) associé à un filtre polyphase suivi d'un circuit de sélection de phase et de son signe. La phase souhaitée dans la plage de ± 45° est synthétisée avec le circuit proposé en modifiant la tension de commande Vcntr de l’ILVCO pour un réglage fin et en modifiant les deux signaux de commandes du sélecteur de phase et de signe (S0, S2) pour un réglage grossier, ce qui engendre une variation de phase linéaire de 360°. D'après les résultats de la simulation post-layout, la plage de réglage de la fréquence d’oscillation libre du VCO varie de 17,89 GHz à 20,16 GHz. En outre, avec une puissance injectée de -8,5 dBm et une fréquence de 19,5 GHz, le déphaseur proposé consomme 20,47 mA sous une tension d'alimentation de 1,3 V. De plus, la puissance de sortie moyenne sur 50 Ω est de -15,58 dBm. Le circuit complet a une taille de 1,58 mm2, y compris les pads, et il est intégré sur un process BiCMOS SiGe:C 0,13 μm. Enfin, les résultats obtenus montrent que le déphaseur actif proposé s’avère un candidat potentiel pour les systèmes à réseau phasé utilisés pour la formation de faisceaux dans les applications 5GFor good reasons, 5G dominates technological news. The high-bandwidth and real-time capabilities of 5G have huge societal potential by enabling a plethora of new and unanticipated application cases. Indeed, the millimeter-wave frequency band is characterized by an available bandwidth that can support high-speed wireless systems for future radio communications systems, including 5th Generation cellular systems and beyond. The frequencies of operation at mm-wave generally requires larger antenna aperture to improve the channel budget at useful distances. These antennas are usually in the form of phased arrays, allowing beamforming to be performed. This work presents the design and implementation of a 19.5 GHz active phase shifter for beamforming in 5G applications. The proposed circuit is based on an original architecture using an injection-locked voltage-controlled oscillator (ILVCO) associated with a polyphase filter followed by a phase selection circuit and its sign. The desired phase in the range of ± 45° is synthesised with the proposed circuit by altering the control voltage Vcntr of an ILVCO for fine-tuning and modifying the two control signals of phase and sign selectors (S0, S2) for coarse tuning, resulting in a 360° linear phase variation. According to the post-layout simulation results, the frequency tuning range of the VCO varies from 17.89 GHz to 20.16 GHz in free-running mode. In addition, with an injected power of -8.5 dBm and a frequency of 19.5 GHz, the proposed phase shifter draws 20.47 mA from a 1.3 V supply voltage. Furthermore, the mean output power on 50 Ω load is found to be -15.58 dBm. The whole circuit has a chip size of 1.58 mm2 including the pads and it is integrated in a BiCMOS SiGe:C 0.13 μm process. Finally, the obtained results justify that the proposed active phase shifter is a relevant design for phased-array systems used for beamforming in 5G applications
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Yin, Pei. "Segmental discriminative analysis for American Sign Language recognition and verification." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33939.
Abstract:
This dissertation presents segmental discriminative analysis techniques for American Sign Language (ASL) recognition and verification. ASL recognition is a sequence classification problem. One of the most successful techniques for recognizing ASL is the hidden Markov model (HMM) and its variants. This dissertation addresses two problems in sign recognition by HMMs. The first is discriminative feature selection for temporally-correlated data. Temporal correlation in sequences often causes difficulties in feature selection. To mitigate this problem, this dissertation proposes segmentally-boosted HMMs (SBHMMs), which construct the state-optimized features in a segmental and discriminative manner. The second problem is the decomposition of ASL signs for efficient and accurate recognition. For this problem, this dissertation proposes discriminative state-space clustering (DISC), a data-driven method of automatically extracting sub-sign units by state-tying from the results of feature selection. DISC and SBHMMs can jointly search for discriminative feature sets and representation units of ASL recognition.
ASL verification, which determines whether an input signing sequence matches a pre-defined phrase, shares similarities with ASL recognition, but it has more prior knowledge and a higher expectation of accuracy. Therefore, ASL verification requires additional discriminative analysis not only in utilizing prior knowledge but also in actively selecting a set of phrases that have a high expectation of verification accuracy in the service of improving the experience of users. This dissertation describes ASL verification using CopyCat, an ASL game that helps deaf children acquire language abilities at an early age. It then presents the "probe" technique which automatically searches for an optimal threshold for verification using prior knowledge and BIG, a bi-gram error-ranking predictor which efficiently selects/creates phrases that, based on the previous performance of existing verification systems, should have high verification accuracy.
This work demonstrates the utility of the described technologies in a series of experiments. SBHMMs are validated in ASL phrase recognition as well as various other applications such as lip reading and speech recognition. DISC-SBHMMs consistently produce fewer errors than traditional HMMs and SBHMMs in recognizing ASL phrases using an instrumented glove. Probe achieves verification efficacy comparable to the optimum obtained from manually exhaustive search. Finally, when verifying phrases in CopyCat, BIG predicts which CopyCat phrases, even unseen in training, will have the best verification accuracy with results comparable to much more computationally intensive methods.
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Viera, Juan Carlos. "Strategy for traffic-signal-systems selection in Venezuela." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19267.
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Smith, Aletta Elizabeth. "The reinforcement of the nature of selected South African newspapers through the application of language as a sign system / A.E. Smith." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1328.
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Markgraaff, Christine. "A programme to improve gross motor and selected visual perception skills of children who show signs of developmental coordination disorder." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4246.
Abstract:
Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of participation in a small group-based perceptual-motor training programme on the gross motor and visual-motor integration skills of children who show signs of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Two physical education teachers selected 22 children for assessment as potential participants for this study. The Movement ABC (M-ABC) was then administered to this group and the eight children who scored the lowest were invited to volunteer for this study. These children all volunteered and then completed the assessment of their visual-motor integration skills as measured by the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (DTVP-2). The study followed an evaluative case study design in which changes in the gross motor and visual-motor integration skills of each participant were reported and interpreted individually. The six-week intervention programme was focused on developing the perceptual-motor link between throwing, catching and balancing skills with challenges to visual skills development, especially eye-hand coordination. A comparison of pre-test, post-test and retention test scores in the M-ABC revealed that the programme had a positive effect on six of the children. The results for the seventh child were inconsistent on each test occasion, leading to the conclusion that he may have a co-morbid disorder related to attention. Improvements in static balance were noted and some children also experienced improvements in their ball skills (aiming and coincident timing) which brings the researcher to the conclusion that the programme was effective for gross motor development. DTVP-2 results showed improvements in eye-hand coordination in five of the seven children. According to the VMI quotient score, only one child improved, one deteriorated and the rest showed no change which brings the researcher to the conclusion that the intervention programme was not effective for visual-motor integration.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die impak te bepaal van deelname in „n klein-groep gebaseerde perseptueel-motoriese oefenprogram op die groot motoriese en visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede van kinders met tekens van die Ontwikkelingskoördinasie-afwyking (DCD). Twee Lewensoriëntering-onderwysers het 22 kinders geïdentifiseer vir assessering as potensiële deelnemers aan die studie. Hierdie groep het die Beweging-ABC toets (M-ABC) ondergaan en die agt deelnemers met die laagste uitslae is uitgenooi om aan die studie deel te neem. Hierdie agt kinders het ingestem en daarna is die assessering voltooi deur hulle visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede te meet deur middel van die Ontwikkelingstoets vir Visuele Persepsie (DTVP-2). Die studie het „n evaluerende gevallestudie-ontwerp gevolg waarin die veranderings tussen die groot motoriese en visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede van elke deelnemer individueel geïnterpreteer en gerapporteer is. Die ses week-intervensieprogram het gefokus op die ontwikkeling van die perseptueel-motoriese skakel tussen gooi-, vang- en balans-vaardighede met uitdagings vir die ontwikkeling van visuele vaardighede, veral oog-hand koördinasie. „n Vergelyking tussen die voor-, na- en opvolgtoetse van die M-ABC se toetstellings het getoon dat die program „n positiewe effek op ses van die kinders se groot motoriese vaardighede gehad het. Die uitslag van die sewende kind was teenstrydig tydens elke toetsgeleentheid en dit het gelei tot die gevolgtrekking dat hy moontlik aan „n addisionele afwyking mag ly wat verband hou met „n aandagprobleem. Verbeterings in statiese balans is waargeneem en sommige kinders het ook „n verbetering in balvaardighede getoon (akkuraatheid en reaksietyd). Volgens die DTVP-2 resultate was daar verbeterings in oog-hand koördinasie by vyf van die sewe kinders. Volgens die VMI-kwosiënttelling het slegs een kind verbeter, een het versleg en die ander vyf het geen verandering getoon nie. Die navorser kom dus tot die gevolgtrekking dat die intervensieprogram nie effektief is vir visueel-motoriese integrasie nie.
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Basson, Hester Magdalena. "The iconicity and learnability of selected picture communication symbols a study on Afrikaans-speaking children /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10042005-155306.
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Buchholz, Timothy C. "Analysis and Categorization of Selected Musical Elements within Forty-three Solo Jazz Vocal "Standards" with Pedagogical Application to Repertoire Selection and the Teaching of Jazz Concepts in the Jazz Voice Lesson." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/386.
Abstract:
While the concept of teaching jazz style to vocal students is not a new one, previous materials written on the subject have not addressed two important aspects of this process. One is the concept of selecting jazz vocal solo repertoire that is both musically and vocally purposeful and appropriate for the student. The other is how to teach stylistic concepts that will apply to both current repertoire as well as songs the student will learn in the future. This doctoral essay provides both a categorized list of solo jazz vocal repertoire as well as strategies for introducing stylistic elements of jazz into the private-lesson setting. Through a systematic analysis of jazz vocal standards, a list of repertoire selections was categorized by rhythmic style, melodic range, melodic harmony, melodic rhythm, and harmonic content. In addition, the stylistic need to add syncopations to swing songs with non-syncopated melodies was addressed. Suggestions are included on how to implement this categorized list in the music selection process for students. Furthermore, this essay provides jazz voice teachers with strategies to efficiently incorporate important aspects of jazz styles such as rhythmic feel, song form, improvisation, and harmony into the lesson setting. By showing connections between these concepts and the literature that is being taught, students can become more competent and confident within the vocal and stylistic elements of the jazz idiom.
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Spigolon, Luciana Maria Gasparelo. "A otimização da rede de transporte de RSU baseada no uso do SIG e análise de decisão multicritério para a localização de aterros sanitários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-02032016-142111/.
Abstract:
A Política Nacional dos Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS) instituída em 2010 previa a destinação final ambientalmente adequada dos resíduos, no entanto, o prazo venceu em 2014 e o objetivo não foi alcançado. O aterro sanitário, na hierarquia da gestão integrada de Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos (RSU), é a última opção, mas não a menos importante dentre as possibilidades de destinação final ambientalmente adequada, pois é a infraestrutura de tratamento e destino final que pode receber uma gama variada de RSU de forma ambientalmente segura. O Consórcio Público é um instrumento previsto na PNRS para que os municípios possam se associar, obtendo economia de escala viabilizando a operação de aterros sanitários de forma compartilhada. Porém, com o compartilhamento dos aterros sanitários surge a questão do custo de transporte do RSU, uma vez que os municípios depositarão seus resíduos fora do seu território. Dessa forma este trabalho objetivou identificar áreas adequadas para a localização de aterros sanitários, considerando os aterros sanitários já existentes na Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos (UGRHI) 5 e, utilizar modelos matemáticos que minimizem os custos de transporte de RSU e operação dos aterros sanitários. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos utilizou-se do método de seleção de áreas adequadas para a localização de aterros sanitários, desenvolvido em ambiente SIG e composto pelo estabelecimento de critérios ambientais, sociais e econômicos que foram classificados de acordo com níveis de adequação e ponderados através de Análise de Decisão Multicritério (MCDA), resultando em um mapa de adequação, que foi cruzado com o mapa de áreas de restrição, gerado em cenários de escalas diferentes, obtendo assim, o mapa final de adequação - cenário 1 e 2. A esses cenários, foram sobrepostos os aterros sanitários existentes. A otimização da rede de transporte de RSU consistiu em um modelo matemático de estrutura de Programação Quadrática Inteira Mista (MIQP). Na função objetivo foram incorporadas as distâncias para a obtenção da localização ótima dos aterros sanitários existentes em áreas adequadas, estando sujeita as restrições de ordem física e comportamental. No cenário 1, identificou-se que 62% da área da UGRHI 5 é classificada como adequada para a localização de aterros sanitários, 15% como de média adequação e 23% como de restrição e, dos 18 aterros sanitários existentes, 14 estão localizados em áreas adequadas. No cenário 2, identificou-se que 30% da área é considerada adequada, 5% como de média adequação e 65% como de restrição e, apenas 7 aterros sanitários estão localizados em áreas adequadas. A aplicação do modelo de otimização para o cenário 1, resultou em 5 aterros sanitários como solução ótima, já no cenário 2 a solução ótima é de 4 aterros. Considerando que o cenário 2 possui características mais restritivas que o 1; que o aumento do custo total diário do cenário 1 para o 2 é de apenas 7,56% e que a capacidade total atual dos aterros sofreria uma redução de apenas 1,5%, pode-se concluir que o cenário 2 é o mais apropriado para a formação de consórcios públicos na UGRHI 5.The National Policy of Solid Waste (NPSW) established in 2010 provided for the environmentally suitable final destination of waste, however, the deadline expired in 2014 and the goal was not achieved. The landfill, in the hierarchy of the integrated management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), is the last option, but not the least important one amongst the possibilities for environmentally suitable final destination, because it is the infrastructure of treatment and final destination which can receive a varied range of MSW in an environmentally safe way. The Public Consortium is an instrument provided for in the NPSW so that the cities can join in, achieving scale economy allowing the shared landfill operation. However, with the share of landfills comes the problem of MSW transportation costs, since the cities will deposit their waste outside their territories. Thus, this study aimed to identify appropriate areas for the setting of landfills, considering the landfills already existing in the Water Resources Management Units (WRMU) 5, and use mathematical models that minimize the MSW transportation costs and landfill operation. To achieve the proposed goals it was used the selection method of suitable areas for landfill setting, developed in GIS environment and consisting of the establishment of environmental, social and economic criteria which were classified according to the adequacy levels and considered by the Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), resulting in an adequacy map, which was cross-checked with the restriction area map generated at different scale scenarios, thereby obtaining the final adequacy map - scenarios 1 and 2. On these scenarios, the existing landfills were overlapped. The MSW transportation network optimization consisted of a mathematical model of Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming structure (MIQP). In the objective function the distances were incorporated to obtain the optimal location of the existing landfills in appropriate areas, which are subject to restrictions of physical and behavioral order. In scenario 1, it was identified that 62% of the WRMU 5 area is classified as adequate for the setting of landfills, 15% as average adequate and 23% restricted, and from the 18 existing landfills, 14 are located in suitable areas. In scenario 2, it was identified that 30% of the area is considered adequate, 5% average adequate and 65 % restricted, and only 7 landfills are located in suitable areas. The application of the optimization model for scenario 1 resulted in 5 landfills as an optimal solution, yet, in scenario 2 the optimal solution is of 4 landfills. Considering that scenario 2 has more restrictive characteristics than scenario 1; the total daily cost increase of scenario 1 compared with 2 is only 7.56% and that the total current capacity of the landfills would suffer a reduction of only 1.5%, it can be concluded that scenario 2 is the more suitable for the formation of public consortium in WRMU 5.
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Svoboda, Tomáš. "Detekce, lokalizace a rozpoznání dopravních značek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236958.
Abstract:
This master's thesis deals with the localization, detection and recognition of traffic signs. The possibilities of selection of areas with possible traffic signs occurrence are analysed. The properties of different kinds of features used for traffic signs recognition are described next. It focuses on the features based on histogram of oriented gradients. Some possible classifiers are discussed, in the first place the cascade of support vector machines, which are used in resulting system. A description of the system implementation and data sets for 5 types of traffic signs is part of this thesis. Many experiments were accomplished with created system. The results of the experiments are very good. New datasets were acquired from approximately 9 hours of processed video sequences. There are about 13 500 images in these datasets.
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Heimbigner, Kent A. "The relation of the celebration of the Lord's Supper to the office of the holy ministry [an examination of the scriptural doctrine, selected liturgical writings of the church in the first four centuries, and the primary liturgies of each major liturgical family] /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1991. http://www.tren.com.
Books on the topic "Sign selector":
1
Vich, Ignasi. World's sign selection. Barcelona: Index Book, 2002.
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Wilson, Peter Lamborn. Vanished signs: Selected poems. Hudson, NY: Lunar Chadelier, 2018.
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Kosarin, Jenni. Love signs. New York: Barnes & Noble, 2008.
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International, Symposium on Therapeutic Recreation (2nd 1992 San Juan Puerto Rico). Global therapeutic recreation II: Selected papers from the 2nd International Symposium on Therapeutic Recreation. [Columbia, Mo.]: University of Missouri, 1992.
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Gamqreliże, Tʻamaz. Selected writings: Linguistic sign, typology and language reconstruction. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, 2006.
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Potter, Vilma Raskin. Signs and Portents: Selected poems. Glendale, CA: Pilgrim Soul Books, 2011.
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Enright, D. J. Signs and wonders: Selected essays. Manchester: Carcanet, 2001.
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Theoretical, Issues in Sign Language Research (8th 2004 Barcelona Spain). Signs of the time: Selected papers from TISLR 8. Seedorf: Signum, 2008.
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Julia, Parker. Parker's love signs. New York: DK Pub., 1996.
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Newby, Robert. Sleeping Beauty: With selected sentences in American sign language. Washington, D.C: Kendall Green Publications, 1992.
Book chapters on the topic "Sign selector":
1
Hendriks, Jennifer. "Investigating change from a perspective of continuity." In Investigating West Germanic Languages, 188–224. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sigl.8.10hen.
Abstract:
Word order variation in Dutch two-verb clusters continues to attract the attention of linguists from a variety of perspectives. Most accounts have a contemporary focus and diachronic developments therefore remain poorly understood. Rather than simply marshalling more evidence from more historical sources, I argue for an approach which considers biases in the historical record and how common methodological practices of text selection and data aggregation exacerbate them. Van Coetsem’s (1988; 2000) psycholinguistic model of contact offers a principled way to establish whether the linguistic data represents a perspective of continuity or one of change. When combined with a rigorous understanding of the sociohistorical context, the biases in both the historical and linguistic record can be assessed and this understanding applied to the compilation and analysis of new sources of evidence. I demonstrate the utility of this approach using a 35,000-word research corpus of unpublished archival manuscripts from sixteenth-century Antwerp to examine word order variation in Dutch two-verb clusters and use these findings to suggest directions for future corpus-based research.
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Lauersdorf, Mark Richard, and Joseph C. Salmons. "An excursion into the lost history of historical sociolinguistics." In Investigating West Germanic Languages, 301–24. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sigl.8.14lau.
Abstract:
An origin story has emerged and solidified around the relatively new research area called historical sociolinguistics – a story based primarily on the field’s relatively brief history as a “named” field (reaching back only a few decades) and repeated regularly and largely uniformly in summary, overview, encyclopedic, and introductory presentations of historical sociolinguistics. We argue that the defining characteristics of the modern field are deeply connected to and clearly rooted in the key traditions of historical and sociolinguistics and allied areas going back to the nineteenth century. We highlight select instances of sociolinguistic thinking in early historical linguistic work and historical considerations in early sociolinguistic research, as well as key notions, including uniformitarianism from historical-comparative linguistics and ego-documents from social history. Better understanding of the history of historical sociolinguistics, we argue, helps us anchor our future work better in the full relevant context.
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Shapoval, A. B., and M. G. Shnirman. "Prediction in a Two-Sign Avalanche Model." In Selected Papers From Volume 32 of Vychislitel'naya Seysmologiya, 188–97. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/cs007p0188.
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Hanke, Thomas, Reiner Konrad, and Gabriele Langer. "Chapter 7. Exploring regional variation in the DGS Corpus." In Advances in Sign Language Corpus Linguistics, 192–218. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.108.07han.
Abstract:
The DGS Corpus was collected in order to document German Sign Language (DGS) for linguistic research, compile the corpus-based dictionary DW-DGS and provide a cultural resource for the language community. Regional aspects played a key role in participant selection, data collection tasks and procedures, as well as in annotation work. Regional granularity implemented had to be a compromise between research interests, corpus size, and privacy issues of participants. In the lexicographic work maps are used to visualize regional distribution of single signs as well as of groups of competing synonyms. Maps are a tool for data exploration, and they support data interpretation as well as quality assurance of the annotation. As they provide an intuitive access to distributional facts maps are also an important element in the dictionary.
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Levinson, N. "On the Number of Sign Changes of π(x) - li x." In Selected Papers of Norman Levinson, 454–60. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5335-8_41.
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Latoschik, Marc Erich, and Ipke Wachsmuth. "Exploiting distant pointing gestures for object selection in a virtual environment." In Gesture and Sign Language in Human-Computer Interaction, 185–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0052999.
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Bicego, Manuele, Manuel Vázquez-Enríquez, and José L. Alba-Castro. "Active Class Selection for Dataset Acquisition in Sign Language Recognition." In Image Analysis and Processing – ICIAP 2023, 304–15. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-43148-7_26.
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Salem, R., and A. Zygmund. "Some Properties of Trigonometric Series Whose Terms have Random Signs." In Selected Papers of Antoni Zygmund, 74–130. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1045-4_4.
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Louwrens, C. P., and S. H. Solms. "Selection of secure single sign-on solutions for heterogeneous computing environments." In Information Security in Research and Business, 9–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35259-6_2.
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Montefalcon, Myron Darrel, Jay Rhald Padilla, and Ramon Rodriguez. "Sign Language Recognition of Selected Filipino Phrases Using LSTM Neural Network." In Proceedings of Seventh International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, 633–41. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2397-5_56.
Conference papers on the topic "Sign selector":
1
Kaņepāja, Gundega, and Zanda Rubene. "Veni, vidi, didici: Teaching Approaches and Learning Outcomes of Semiotics." In 81th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2023.28.
Abstract:
Semiotics is the study of signs and sign systems, and the formation of their meanings. From the point of view of semiotics, signs are explained by the assumption that everything has a certain meaning, often multiple meanings. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question – what is the role of semiotics in educational science? Education and art education have always been at the crossroads of these interpretations of meaning because semiotics presupposes an interpretation that is influenced by a myriad of circumstances and coincidences. The scoping review and nodes strategy was used in this literature review to select relevant articles. The Web of Science Thematic Framework of Education and Educational Research database was chosen to map the role of semiotics. The criteria for article selection were language – articles written in English were selected – and keywords (“Semiotics” and “Semiotics, Art Education”). Based on these criteria 167 open-access articles were initially selected for analysis, from which further exploration was based on keywords relevant to the topic. After analysing the abstracts of the selected articles, the papers were grouped according to the theoretical framework and approach. The main finding of this literature review was that semiotic analysis can help develop students’ critical thinking skills.
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Luo, Yuanzhi, and Jie Hao. "A Single Level Detection Model for Traffic Sign Detection using Channel Shuffle Residual Structure." In 8th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications (AI 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.121808.
Abstract:
Traffic sign recognition (TSR) is a challenging task for unmanned systems, especially because the traffic signs are small in the road view image. In order to ensure the real-time and robustness of traffic sign detection in automated driving systems, we present a single level detection model for TSR which consists of three core components. The first is we use channel shuffle residual network structure to ensure the real-time performance of the system, which mainly uses low-level features to enhance the representation of small target feature information. Secondly, we use dilated convolution residual block to enhance the receptive field to detect multi-scale targets. Thirdly, we propose a dynamic and adaptive matching method for the anchor frame selection problem of small traffic signs. The experimental surface on TsinghuaTencent 100k Dataset and Chinese Traffic Sign Dataset benchmark has better accuracy and robustness compared with existing detection networks. With an image size of 800 × 800, the proposed model achieves 92.9 running at 120 FPS on 2080Ti.
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Oikawa, Tomoe, Takahiro Koga, Takeo Kondo, Kazukiyo Yamamoto, Wataru Miyazaki, and Atsushi Idoji. "The State of Transfer Systems: An Analytical Study With Respect to Human Information Recognition—An Approach From a Smooth Transfer System in Marine Transportation." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20668.
Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to examine in detail provision of signs for ensuring smooth movement, conducted by transportation companies at traffic nodes, and to identify future issues to be solved for maintenance of marine-based traffic nodes. To this end, as the study site, we selected the City of Hiroshima in Japan, where a wide variety of traffic nodes, such as railroads, streetcars, buses, and ferries, are available. In particular, as main facilities to be studied, we focused on Ujina Terminal, which is a marine traffic node, and Hiroshima Station, which is an onshore traffic node. We examined the current status of and problems with facility plans and sign plans at traffic nodes through field exploration of the City of Hiroshima and questionnaires with tourists. As a result, it was found that in order to formulate a sign plan that can ensure security, cooperation with not only land traffic nodes but also marine traffic nodes will be an important issue in future when providing signs at marine traffic nodes for ensuring smooth movement.
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Babic, Dario, Darko Babic, and Andelko Šcukanec. "The Impact of Road Familiarity on the Perception of Traffic Signs – Eye Tracking Case Study." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.131.
Abstract:
Traffic sign visual information provides road users with the basic instructions regarding route selection, safety at intersections, warnings on physical obstacles on the road and safe route marking. The use of sophisticated eye tracking systems is an efficient way to analyse the influence of traffic signs on drivers’ behaviour. In this paper, the drivers’ perception of traffics signs has been analysed using such a system. The aim of this paper is to determine how the perception of traffic signs changes according to the frequency of driving on a specific route or according to the route familiarity. The results show that the drivers’ perception of traffic signs declines as they get familiar with the route and road conditions. In addition, older drivers having more driving experience perceive fewer signs and elements from the environment because they are often led by their own experience and knowledge, so they do not need the same amount of information as compared to younger drivers.
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Takahashi, Tokio, and Masato Uchida. "Optimal Hand Sign Selection Using Information Theory for Custom Sign-Based Communication." In 2019 IEEE 43rd Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compsac.2019.00093.
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Morris, William Z., Ryan T. Li, and Raymond W. Liu. "The “triradiate Bump”: A Novel Radiographic Sign That May Confound Assessment of Acetabular Retroversion." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.654a.
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Lerman, Joel A., Vedant Kulkarni, Derek P. Lerman, and Anita Bagley. "Thigh Overlap Sign: A Marker for Identifying Patient Positioning That May Mask Genu Valgum." In Selection of Abstracts From NCE 2016. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.141.1_meetingabstract.653.
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Wang, Zeyuan, Chaofeng Sha, and Su Yang. "Reinforcement Learning Based Sparse Black-box Adversarial Attack on Video Recognition Models." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/435.
Abstract:
We explore the black-box adversarial attack on video recognition models. Attacks are only performed on selected key regions and key frames to reduce the high computation cost of searching adversarial perturbations on a video due to its high dimensionality. To select key frames, one way is to use heuristic algorithms to evaluate the importance of each frame and choose the essential ones. However, it is time inefficient on sorting and searching. In order to speed up the attack process, we propose a reinforcement learning based frame selection strategy. Specifically, the agent explores the difference between the original class and the target class of videos to make selection decisions. It receives rewards from threat models which indicate the quality of the decisions. Besides, we also use saliency detection to select key regions and only estimate the sign of gradient instead of the gradient itself in zeroth order optimization to further boost the attack process. We can use the trained model directly in the untargeted attack or with little fine-tune in the targeted attack, which saves computation time. A range of empirical results on real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
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Sang-Min Kim, Jin-Gyun Chung, and K. K. Parhi. "Sign extension reduction by propagated-carry selection." In Conference Record. Thirty-Fifth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. IEEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acssc.2001.986893.
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Kurashov, Vitalij N., Andry V. Kovalenko, Alexandr G. Chumakov, and Alexandr V. Kisil. "Optimal sign selection for discriminant analysis of textures." In SPIE's 1995 International Symposium on Optical Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, edited by Andrew G. Tescher. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.217425.
Reports on the topic "Sign selector":
1
Bernstein, R. Sign-Selected Quadrupole Train. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10162899.
2
Styugina, Anastasia. Internet game "Sign me up as an astronaut" for the formation of the social and psychological experience of younger adolescents with disabilities by means of game psychocorrection. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/sign_me_up_as_an_astronaut.
Abstract:
In the practice of a teacher-psychologist at the School of Distance Education, the game “Sign me up as an astronaut”, developed by the author, was tested, aimed at developing the skills of social and psychological interaction in younger adolescents with disabilities through the awareness and strengthening of personal resources by means of game psychocorrection. The specifics of the work of a psychologist at the School of Distance Education are determined by the following circumstances: - students have a severe disability and the corresponding psychophysical characteristics: instability of the emotional-volitional sphere, lack of motivation, severe physical and mental fatigue, low level of social skills, etc. - the use of distance educational technologies in psychocorrectional work; - lack of methodological recommendations for psychocorrectional work in conditions of distance technologies with school-age children. Such recommendations are available mainly for adults, they relate to the educational process, but they do not cover the correctional process. There is enough scientific and methodological literature on psychological and pedagogical correction, which is the basis for ensuring the work of a practicing psychologist, but there are difficulties in transferring these techniques, games, etc. - to the remote mode of correctional and developmental work, especially in the form of group work. During the game, various social and psychological situations are solved, which are selected strictly according to the characteristics of the social experience of the participants.
3
White, Rickie, Carl Nordman, Lindsey Smart, Teresa Leibfreid, Bill Moore, Regan Smyth, and Tom Govus. Forest vegetation monitoring protocol for the Cumberland Piedmont Network: Protocol Narrative?Version 2.1. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2302353.
Abstract:
In 2003, ?vegetation communities? were selected as one of the highest priority vital signs of importance across the Cumberland Piedmont Network (CUPN) parks (Leibfreid et al. 2005). The protocol described in this document will address all aspects of monitoring this vital sign. The primary monitoring goal is to assess status and trends of ecological health for park forest vegetation communities, including key communities of management concern where possible. By assessing status and trends for key metrics, we can obtain a more complete picture of the status of forest vegetation communities in the parks and the trends in ecological health for these communities. For instance, by repeatedly measuring one key metric of plant species composition within the same plots over the years, we can determine how quickly and profoundly invasive plant species are affecting the native vegetation and whether specific species are appearing or disappearing from plots. This information can be critical in helping land managers detect trends before they are visible qualitatively and setup more specific studies to determine the root causes of such trends. This protocol is intended for use by the Cumberland Piedmont Network and was designed to efficiently collect, analyze, and disseminate scientifically credible information to help park managers and researchers understand how the forest vegetation communities of the parks are changing. To fully implement this protocol, read the entire document and all appendices, as well as the standard operating procedures (SOPs; published separately). The appendices and SOPs contain detailed information on implementation not provided in the main body of the document. Datasheets have been designed so data collection is sequential starting with SOP 3: Site Selection and Plot Establishment?Version 1.48 (CUPN 2023a) and ending with SOP 10: Soil Measurements?Version 1.1 (CUPN 2023b). The SOPs are intended to serve as a reference for field teams implementing this protocol. It is anticipated field teams will be knowledgeable of their content and maintain a copy for reference as part of the required field equipment.
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Roby, Piper, Andrew Taylor, Gregg Janos, and Will Seiter. New River Gorge Cliff Line Bat Inventory Survey. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2303814.
Abstract:
The New River Gorge National River was established by Congress in 1978, the New River Gorge National Park and Preserve (NERI) was established more recently in December 2020. Recreational climbers have been using the Gorge and surrounding areas since the early 1970s. As visitation has increased, NERI has become interested in documenting the presence of bat species and their habitat on and near the cliff face, rim, and base areas to support a park management plan. A total of 51 routes were selected to survey three times throughout the summer of 2022. Cliff line surveys included personnel on-rope rappelling down each selected cliff face to look for bats or bat sign and to collect data on the physical attributes and record habitat information. In addition, a simultaneous acoustic survey for bats was conducted at the base of each survey route. Although no bats or bat sign were documented, analysis of the acoustic data in concert with the environmental factors revealed that bats were detected at more highly climbed walls versus unclimbed walls. Northern long-eared bats (Myotis septentrionalis) were more likely to be detected near less vegetated walls and activity of eastern small-footed bats (Myotis leibii) was higher as the summer progressed.
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Schijman, Agustina, Yuri Soares, Ronald Myers, and Chloe Fevre. IDB-9: Review of the IDB Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare Strategy. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010527.
Abstract:
This paper reviews the 2011 Sector Strategy on Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare (SIGS) of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or Bank). The Strategy was produced as a requirement of the IDB-9 agreement. The review finds that the Strategy replicates a number of patterns observed in prior sector strategies. SIGS represents the first time that the Bank uses a modern definition of institutions; however, the concept of institutions is not incorporated as a guiding principle for setting priorities. Like other strategies, SIGS largely reflects the current work of the Bank, and also reflects the most common ideas and thinking of the time. This said, SIGS also emphasizes areas of work that had not been central to the Bank before, such as work with transparency and work in formalizing firms. The Strategy document itself has strengths but also a number of deficiencies. SIGS is more specific than prior strategies, although it still proposes quite a broad spectrum of activities. It contains a good diagnostic of the needs facing small and medium-sized enterprises and of innovation, although diagnostics in most other areas are relatively weak. Although SIGS maintains the IDB-9's focus on the Bank's comparative advantage, it does not analytically assess that comparative advantage, and it presents no evidence that the sectors prioritized reflect any particular operational or structural advantage of the Bank--except that they mostly represent sectors in which the Bank already works. SIGS's results framework is very poor, largely reflecting the inadequacies of the IDB-9 results framework, as applied to institutions. SIGS was not designed as an operational strategy, so it does not assess the Bank's operational capabilities to respond to the Region's needs in priority areas. SIGS has had little impact on the way the Bank works. Bank staff is generally unaware of the Strategy, and those who are aware of it do not report using it as a main input in country dialogue or project preparation. The Institutions for Development Department (IFD) is an exception: its staff do report using SIGS. However, the review of IFD's portfolio does not show clear evidence that project selection has changed in favor of SIGS priorities. IFD has produced a significant body of analytical work, which in some cases addresses institutional issues. Nonetheless, IFD's approach to implementing 'intersector alliances' has not included directly working across Bank departments to strengthen institutions broadly in the Bank's work. However, SIGS has served a useful purpose as a mechanism to reemphasize the importance of the issue of institutions for the IDB, and, to some degree, to consolidate and demarcate the areas of work within IFD.
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Pineda-Mendez, Raul A., Xueqian Shi, and Andrew P. Tarko. Speed Management on Freeways in Transition Zones Between Rural and Urban Conditions. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317586.
Abstract:
Drivers’ noncompliance with the posted speed limit reductions on rural-to-urban freeway transition zones is a recurrent problem in Indiana and other states. Speed-reduction treatments, such as pavement markings and active signing, aim to solve this issue. Optical speed bars, longitudinal speed reduction markings, and speed feedback signs were identified as the most promising speed-reduction treatments for experimental implementation in Indiana. Probe-vehicle-based speed data for 1 year was acquired on selected freeway segments to measure the speed effect. A set of fixed-effects linear regression models were used to estimate the effect of speed-reduction treatments on three key speed behavior characteristics—average speed, 90th speed percentiles, and speed variability. Optical speed bars together with speed feedback signs are a promising combination of treatments. While this and other traditional speed-reduction treatments show promise, their influence area is limited to a portion of target road segments. Therefore, future speed management needs to consider other speed-reduction treatments, particularly automated and area-wide speed enforcement, to maintain reduced speeds inside urban areas.
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Ueti, Massaro Wilson, and Monica Leszkowicz Mazuz. Identification, characterization and testing of geographically conserved Babesia bovis vaccine antigen candidates. Israel: United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2022.8134143.bard.
Abstract:
During the development of this project, we selected four potential B. bovis antigens for a subunit vaccine to prevent the clinical signs of acute bovine babesiosis. Selection of the target antigens was based on: (1) profile of expression in parasite blood stages; (2) prediction for protein location on the parasite surface and/or on the surface of infected red blood cells; and (3) target conservation between US and Israeli strains of B. bovis. Following these criteria, the B. bovis targets BBOV_IV009170, BBOV_III007410, BBOV_II001790, and BBOV_III008720 were selected. Full-length genomic sequences of these four targets were compared between Israeli and US strains of B. bovis. Four Israeli parasite strains/isolates were selected for gene conservation analysis: sample ID # 3330 (from Refet Netofa); sample ID # 2673 (Refet Netofa); Sample ID Newe Yaar - Shahar; and the Israeli B. bovis cultured live vaccine 2S61411. The reference B. bovis Texas stain was also used in the analysis. Sequencing analysis showed considerable levels of conservation ranging from 72.2-91.1% and 84.6-94.1% of amino acid identity and similarity, respectively, by comparing Israeli and US B. bovis strains. Recombinant version of the four target antigens were produced in E. coli, purified by nickel columns, and used for antigenic and immunogenic analyses. Antigenic analysis revealed that B. bovis-infected cattle develop high antibody titers to BBOV_III008720. In contrast, no antibodies against BBOV_IV009170, BBOV_III007410, and BBOV_II001790 were detected in sera from infected cattle. Vaccine trial of the four antigens in cattle is currently being carried out. However, preliminary data show that after three inoculations all vaccinated animals (n=5) seroconverted to all four B. bovis antigens. At the time of the preparation of this report, vaccinated and control animals are being challenged with a virulent B. bovis strain from Israel to evaluate protection. Results from the vaccination/trial experiment will set the future directions of this work. Considering the overall results from this project, two manuscripts are currently in preparation. A manuscript currently in preparation will describe the bioinformatics analysis and antigenic evaluation of the four transmembrane B. bovis proteins as potential targets for a subunit vaccine. A second manuscript will report the results from the vaccination/challenge trial. We believe that we have successfully accomplished our objective in this project. By developing this work, we have identified, expressed, and tested conserved antigens for a potential subunit vaccine against B. bovis, and have advanced the state-of-the-art concerning the development of an efficient and sustainable control strategy to bovine babesiosis.
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Pineda-Mendez, Raul, Qiming Guo, Noshin Ahmad, Mario A. Romero, and Andrew P. Tarko. Incorporating Time-Dependent Data for Proactive Safety Management. Purdue University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317700.
Abstract:
This study proposed a risk-based safety management framework to supplement the current crash-based safety management system. The proposed tool considers time-dependent factors (e.g., hourly traffic, speed features, weather conditions, signal controls) to help justify operational measures for safety improvements (e.g., variable message signs, variable speed limits, warnings). These selected temporal factors subsequently were included in the developed sequential logit models; and those models, applied hour by hour, were then used to estimate the crash probability and severity level. Two typical roadway elements, rural freeway segments and signalized intersections, were also included in the analysis. The obtained crash risk profiles can be used to predict the expected number of crashes in periods when the operational safety countermeasures are expected to be active based on certain triggering conditions (e.g., traffic, weather, nighttime). These results, together with crash modification factors, may be used in the benefit and cost analysis process to justify the application of specific countermeasures.
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Streb, Jorge M., and Gustavo Torrens. Meaningful Talk. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011676.
Abstract:
This paper develops a semiotic-inferential model of verbal communication for incomplete information games: a language is seen as a set of conventional signs that point to types, and the credibility of a message depends on the strategic context. Formally, there is an encoding-decoding step where the receiver can understand the sender's message if and only if a common language is used, and an inferential step where the receiver may either trust the message's literal meaning or disregard it when updating priors. The epistemic requirement that information be transmitted through the literal meaning of the message uttered leads to an equilibrium concept distinct from a Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium, ruling out informative equilibria where language is not used in its ordinary sense. The paper also proposes a refinement by which the sender selects among equilibria if all sender types are willing to play the same equilibrium.
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Malinauskas, Romualdas, and Vilija Malinauskiene. Meta-Analysis of Psychological Interventions for Reducing Stress, Anxiety and Depression among University Students During COVID-19 Pandemic. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0054.
Abstract:
Review question / Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of internet-based intervention programs for reducing stress, anxiety and depression among university students during COVID-19 pandemic by conducting a meta-analysis Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria above all else for the current analysis were the following: (1) journal articles and "un-published" Ph.D. dissertations, which give a quantitative assessment of the viability of intervention for reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among college under-graduates and graduates in the pandemic context; (2) studies targeting college undergraduate and graduate during COVID-19, aged 18 years or older; (3) studies with publication dates between 2020-2022, while COVID-19 restrictions started in 2020 and went on until 2022; (4) full-text studies published exclusively in English. Excluded from the review selection list were: (1) studies alluding to internet-based mental interventions that do not allude to the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Studies with the principal text not published in English language (just tables were in English); (3) studies, which does not give signs of stress and/or anxiety and/or depression; and (4) internet-based mental interventions, which do not have a diminishing of stress and/or anxiety and/or depression as their essential intervention focus.