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Journal articles on the topic 'Side-chain effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Tsai, Cheng-Che, Chia-Cheng Chang, Ching-Shiang Yu, Shenghong A. Dai, Tzong-Ming Wu, Wen-Chiung Su, Chang-Nan Chen, Franklin M. C. Chen, and Ru-Jong Jeng. "Side chain dendritic polyurethanes with shape-memory effect." Journal of Materials Chemistry 19, no. 44 (2009): 8484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b910614f.

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2

Yun, Dae-Hee, Han-Sol Yoo, Ki-Ho Seong, Jeong-Ho Lim, Yong-Sung Park, and Je-Wan Wo. "Synthesis, Photovoltaic Properties and Side-chain Effect of Copolymer Containing Phenothiazine and 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole." Applied Chemistry for Engineering 25, no. 5 (October 10, 2014): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14478/ace.2014.1068.

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3

Xie, He-Lou, Shao-Jie Wang, Guan-Qun Zhong, Yi-Xin Liu, Hai-Liang Zhang, and Er-Qiang Chen. "Combined Main-Chain/Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Polymer with Main-Chain On the basis of “Jacketing” Effect and Side-Chain Containing Azobenzene Groups." Macromolecules 44, no. 19 (October 11, 2011): 7600–7609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma200851v.

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4

Zhou, Erjun, Chang He, Zhan'Ao Tan, Chunhe Yang, and Yongfang Li. "Effect of side-chain end groups on the optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of side-chain conjugated polythiophenes." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 44, no. 16 (2006): 4916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.21581.

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5

Gautier, R., and P. Tufféry. "Critical assessment of side-chain conformational space sampling procedures designed for quantifying the effect of side-chain environment." Journal of Computational Chemistry 24, no. 15 (September 23, 2003): 1950–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.10334.

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6

Hüttner, Sven, Michael Sommer, Ullrich Steiner, and Mukundan Thelakkat. "Organic field effect transistors from triarylamine side-chain polymers." Applied Physics Letters 96, no. 7 (February 15, 2010): 073503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3300464.

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7

Flatischler, K., L. Komitov, K. Skarp, and P. Keller. "Electroclinic Effect in Some Side-Chain Polysiloxane Liquid Crystals." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 209, no. 1 (December 1991): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268949108036184.

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8

van der Vorst, C. P. J. M., M. van Rheede, and C. J. M. van Weerdenburg. "The Electro-Optical Effect in Poled Side Chain Polymers." International Journal of Polymeric Materials 22, no. 1-4 (November 1993): 113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00914039308012065.

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9

Seki, Takahiro, and Takashi Tamaki. "Photomechanical Effect in Monolayers of Azobenzene Side Chain Polymers." Chemistry Letters 22, no. 10 (October 1993): 1739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1993.1739.

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10

Rožman, Marko. "Aspartic acid side chain effect—Experimental and theoretical insight." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 18, no. 1 (January 2007): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasms.2006.09.009.

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11

Katime, Issa A., Maria Teresa Garay, and Jeanne François. "Conformational transitions in polymethacrylates. Effect of the side chain." J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 81, no. 5 (1985): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/f29858100705.

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12

Mchaourab, Hassane S., Tamás Kálai, Kálmán Hideg, and Wayne L. Hubbell. "Motion of Spin-Labeled Side Chains in T4 Lysozyme: Effect of Side Chain Structure†." Biochemistry 38, no. 10 (March 1999): 2947–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi9826310.

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13

Hayata, Kenichiro, and Seiichi Furumi. "Side Chain Effect of Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Derivatives on Reflection Properties." Polymers 11, no. 10 (October 16, 2019): 1696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101696.

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Some cellulose derivatives are known to exhibit thermotropic and lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) phases with a visible reflection feature by changing the side chains and mixing with specific solvents, respectively. Although many studies have been reported so far, most of the derivatives have the side chains of linear alkyl groups, but not the bulky phenyl groups. In this report, we synthesized a series of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) derivatives that possessed both linear propionyl esters and bulky (trifluoromethyl)phenyl carbamates in the side chains. The reflection peaks of HPC derivatives shifted to longer wavelengths upon heating due to an increase in the CLC helical pitch. Such thermally induced shifting behavior of the reflection peak was crucially dependent on not only the propionyl esterification degree, but also the substituents in the side chains of HPC derivatives. When the side chains of HPC were chemically modified with both propionyl esters and bulky substituents such as 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl carbamates, the reflection peaks emerged at longer wavelengths at the same temperature. This probably happened because of the steric hindrance of bulky side chains, as supported by the empirical molecular modeling calculation. Although the occupied volumes of (trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups were independent of the CLC phase temperature with visible Bragg reflection, the substituent position, i.e., substituent orientation of trifluoromethyl groups affected the CLC phase temperature. Moreover, we found that the hydrogen bonds between carbamate moieties in the HPC side chains play an important role in the thermally induced shift of reflection peaks.

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14

Hu, Zhongjian, Takuji Adachi, Young-Gi Lee, Ryan T. Haws, Benjamin Hanson, Robert J. Ono, Christopher W. Bielawski, Venkat Ganesan, Peter J. Rossky, and David A. Vanden Bout. "Effect of the Side-Chain-Distribution Density on the Single-Conjugated-Polymer-Chain Conformation." ChemPhysChem 14, no. 18 (November 14, 2013): 4143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201300751.

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15

ZHOU, QiFeng, XiaoFang CHEN, XingHe FAN, XinHua WAN, ErQiang CHEN, and ZhiHao SHEN. "Side-chain jacketing effect and mesogen-jacketed liquid crystalline polymers." SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica 42, no. 5 (May 1, 2012): 606–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/032012-61.

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16

Yuan, Chien Hua, and Robert West. "Side-Chain Effect on the Nature of Thermochromism of Polysilanes." Macromolecules 27, no. 2 (March 1994): 629–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00080a049.

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17

Cho, Shinuk, Jung Hwa Seo, Sun Hee Kim, Suhee Song, Youngeup Jin, Kwanghee Lee, Hongsuk Suh, and Alan J. Heeger. "Effect of substituted side chain on donor-acceptor conjugated copolymers." Applied Physics Letters 93, no. 26 (December 29, 2008): 263301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3059554.

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18

Strazzolini, Paolo, Giancarlo Verardo, Fausto Gorassini, and Angelo G. Giumanini. "Orientation Effect of Side Chain Substituents in Aromatic Substitution. InducedOrthoNitration." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 68, no. 4 (April 1995): 1155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.68.1155.

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19

Langley, S., and T. J. Beveridge. "Effect of O-Side-Chain-Lipopolysaccharide Chemistry on Metal Binding." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.2.489-498.1999.

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ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 produces two chemically distinct types of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), termed A-band LPS and B-band LPS. The A-band O-side chain is electroneutral at physiological pH, while the B-band O-side chain contains numerous negatively charged sites due to the presence of uronic acid residues in the repeat unit structure. Strain PAO1 (A+ B+) and three isogenic LPS mutants (A+ B−, A−B+, and A− B−) were studied to determine the contribution of the O-side-chain portion of LPS to metal binding by the surfaces of gram-negative cells. Transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to locate and analyze sites of metal deposition, while atomic absorption spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry were used to perform bulk quantitation of bound metal. The results indicated that cells of all of the strains caused the precipitation of gold as intracellular, elemental crystals with a d-spacing of 2.43 Å. This type of precipitation has not been reported previously for gram-negative cells and suggests that in the organisms studied gold binding is not a surface-mediated event. All four strains bound similar amounts of copper (0.213 to 0.222 μmol/mg [dry weight] of cells) at the cell surface, suggesting that the major surface metal-binding sites reside in portions of the LPS which are common to all strains (perhaps the phosphoryl groups in the core-lipid A region). However, significant differences were observed in the abilities of strains dps89 (A− B+) and AK1401 (A+B−) to bind iron and lanthanum, respectively. Strain dps89 caused the precipitation of iron (1.623 μmol/mg [dry weight] of cells) as an amorphous mineral phase (possibly iron hydroxide) on the cell surface, while strain AK1401 nucleated precipitation of lanthanum (0.229 μmol/mg [dry weight] of cells) as apiculate, surface-associated crystals. Neither iron nor lanthanum precipitates were observed on the cells of other strains, which suggests that the combination of A-band LPS and B-band LPS produced by a cell may result in a cell surface which promotes the formation of metal-rich precipitates. We therefore propose that the negatively charged sites located in the O-side chains are not directly responsible for the binding of metallic ions; however, the B-band LPS molecule as a whole may contribute to overall cell surface properties which favor the precipitation of distinct metal-rich mineral phases.

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20

Chuang, Po-Hsiang, Yu-Hui Tseng, Yunhui Fang, Miaomiao Gui, Xiuxing Ma, and Jinjing Luo. "Effect of Side Chain Length on Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer in Aqueous Solution: A Computational Study." Polymers 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2019): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11020346.

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Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to study the conformations of polycarboxylate ether (PCE) superplasticizers with different side chain lengths in aqueous solution. For four types of PCE molecules—PCE1, PCE2, PCE3, and PCE4—the steric hindrance between the PCE molecules increased with increasing side chain length. The side chain length not only affects water mobility but also affects the distribution of water molecules in the system. Simulation results indicate that water molecules were trapped by the PCE molecules, reducing the diffusion properties. PCE molecules with long side chains have more water molecules probability around the main chain and fewer water molecules probability near the side chain. Microscopic-level knowledge of the interaction between superplasticizer and water molecules facilitates understanding of the performance of superplasticizers in cement systems.

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21

Chee Ban, Cheah, Ng Peck Gee, Tiong Ling Ling, Ng Eng Poh, and Oo Chuan Wei. "The effect of Isoprenyl Ether polymer molecular structure on cementitious composites." Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences 14, no. 2 (June 22, 2020): 6811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/jmes.14.2.2020.21.0533.

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In order to minimize the rapid flow loss issue from the hot weather or during lengthy periods and long-distance transport, the synthesis of the isoprenyl oxy polyethylene ether (T-PEG) was introduced. However, there were scarce amount of reported literature on the influence of main and side chain densities on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete containing T-PEG polymers. This study was conducted to investigate fresh and mechanical properties of cementitious composites containing T-PEG polymers with different main and side chain densities. These T-PEG polymers were comprised of the density ratio of side chain to main chain of 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, 1:2.5 and 1:3.5, respectively. The laboratory tests conducted were marsh cone funnel test, standard consistency, flow retention, flexural strength and compressive strength test. The results obtained showed that the increased density ratio of side chain to main chain of T-PEG improves the fluidity of the cement paste and the flow retention ability of the cement mortar. Consequently, the mortar with T2 polymer proved a better performance on mechanical strength tests. In conclusion, the increasing main to side chain densities ratio of T-PEG polymer imposes a significant influence on the fresh and hardened properties of the concrete material produced.

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22

Cao, Zhiqiang, Luke Galuska, Zhiyuan Qian, Song Zhang, Lifeng Huang, Nathaniel Prine, Tianyu Li, Youjun He, Kunlun Hong, and Xiaodan Gu. "The effect of side-chain branch position on the thermal properties of poly(3-alkylthiophenes)." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 2 (2020): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01026b.

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23

Saito, Nozomi, Ryo Terakawa, Masanori Shigeno, Ryo Amemiya, and Masahiko Yamaguchi. "Side Chain Effect on the Double Helix Formation of Ethynylhelicene Oligomers." Journal of Organic Chemistry 76, no. 12 (June 17, 2011): 4841–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo200658q.

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24

Chen, W. C., Y. S. Chen, T. L. Yu, and Y. H. Tseng. "Effect of Polyester Side Chain on the Physical Properties of Polyurethane." Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 34, no. 8 (August 1997): 1369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601329708011050.

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25

Colak, Semra, and Gregory N. Tew. "Amphiphilic Polybetaines: The Effect of Side-Chain Hydrophobicity on Protein Adsorption." Biomacromolecules 13, no. 5 (April 19, 2012): 1233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bm201791p.

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26

Flinders, K. T., P. F. Flynn, and Y. B. Yu. "The effect of a side chain-backbone swap on protein stability." Journal of Peptide Research 63, no. 1 (December 5, 2008): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1399-3011.2004.00099.x.

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27

Hwang, Jenn Chiu, Yoshiaki Fuwa, HiroshiMoritake, Hongshen Gu, MasanoriOzaki, and Katsumi Yoshino. "New Bistable Electrooptic Effect in Side-Chain Ferroelectric Liquid Crystalline Polymer." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 34, Part 2, No. 5A (May 1, 1995): L560—L562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.34.l560.

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28

Sánchez-Ferrer, Antoni, Alexey Merekalov, and Heino Finkelmann. "Opto-Mechanical Effect in Photoactive Nematic Side-Chain Liquid-Crystalline Elastomers." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 32, no. 8 (March 11, 2011): 671–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.201100005.

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29

Torsi, L., M. C. Tanese, N. Cioffi, M. C. Gallazzi, L. Sabbatini, P. G. Zambonin, G. Raos, S. V. Meille, and M. M. Giangregorio. "Side-Chain Role in Chemically Sensing Conducting Polymer Field-Effect Transistors." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 107, no. 31 (August 2003): 7589–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0344951.

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30

Hara, T., H. Kodama, Y. Higashimoto, H. Yamaguchi, M. Jelokhani-Niaraki, T. Ehara, and M. Kondo. "Side Chain Effect on Ion Channel Characters of Aib Rich Peptides." Journal of Biochemistry 130, no. 6 (December 1, 2001): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003045.

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31

Zhang, Bin, Franziska Gröhn, Jan Skov Pedersen, K. Fischer, and M. Schmidt. "Conformation of Cylindrical Brushes in Solution: Effect of Side Chain Length." Macromolecules 39, no. 24 (November 2006): 8440–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma0613178.

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32

Kozlovsky, M. V., S. G. Kononov, L. M. Blinov, K. Fodor-Csorba, and L. Bata. "Chiral smectic side-chain copolymers—2. Pyroelectric effect and spontaneous polarization." European Polymer Journal 28, no. 8 (August 1992): 907–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-3057(92)90318-v.

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33

Gargallo, L., N. Hamidi, and D. Radić. "Effect of the side chain structure on the glass transition temperature." Thermochimica Acta 114, no. 2 (April 1987): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(87)80054-0.

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34

Gargallo, L., E. Soto, L. H. Tagle, and D. RadiĆ. "Effect of the side chain structure on the glass transition temperature." Thermochimica Acta 130 (August 1988): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(88)87075-8.

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35

Muñoz, M. I., L. Gargallo, and D. Radic. "Effect of the side chain structure on the glass transition temperature." Thermochimica Acta 146 (June 1989): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(89)87084-4.

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36

Jiang, Weikun, Shubin Wu, Lucian A. Lucia, and Jiangyong Chu. "Effect of side-chain structure on hydrothermolysis of lignin model compounds." Fuel Processing Technology 166 (November 2017): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.06.004.

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37

Liu, Dapeng, Yingli Chu, Xiaohan Wu, and Jia Huang. "Side-chain effect of organic semiconductors in OFET-based chemical sensors." Science China Materials 60, no. 10 (September 29, 2017): 977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9121-y.

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38

Merekalov, Alexei S., and Heino Finkelmann. "Kerr effect in a laterally substituted side-chain liquid-crystalline polymer." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 197, no. 7 (July 1996): 2325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1996.021970722.

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39

Lin, Chien-Kung, and Jie-Cheng Tsai. "The effect of the side-chain ratio on main-chain-type and side-chain-type sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) for direct methanol fuel cell applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry 22, no. 18 (2012): 9244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2jm16326h.

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40

Qu, Sanyin, Chen Ming, Qin Yao, Wanheng Lu, Kaiyang Zeng, Wei Shi, Xun Shi, Ctirad Uher, and Lidong Chen. "Understanding the Intrinsic Carrier Transport in Highly Oriented Poly(3-hexylthiophene): Effect of Side Chain Regioregularity." Polymers 10, no. 8 (July 25, 2018): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10080815.

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The fundamental understanding of the influence of molecular structure on the carrier transport properties in the field of organic thermoelectrics (OTEs) is a big challenge since the carrier transport behavior in conducting polymers reveals average properties contributed from all carrier transport channels, including those through intra-chain, inter-chain, inter-grain, and hopping between disordered localized sites. Here, combining molecular dynamics simulations and experiments, we investigated the carrier transport properties of doped highly oriented poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films with different side-chain regioregularity. It is demonstrated that the substitution of side chains can not only take effect on the carrier transport edge, but also on the dimensionality of the transport paths and as a result, on the carrier mobility. Conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) study as well as temperature-dependent measurements of the electrical conductivity clearly showed ordered local current paths in the regular side chain P3HT films, while random paths prevailed in the irregular sample. Regular side chain substitution can be activated more easily and favors one-dimensional transport along the backbone chain direction, while the irregular sample presents the three-dimensional electron hopping behavior. As a consequence, the regular side chain P3HT samples demonstrated high carrier mobility of 2.9 ± 0.3 cm2/V·s, which is more than one order of magnitude higher than that in irregular side chain P3HT films, resulting in a maximum thermoelectric (TE) power factor of 39.1 ± 2.5 μW/mK2 at room temperature. These findings would formulate design rules for organic semiconductors based on these complex systems, and especially assist in the design of high performance OTE polymers.

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41

Zhu, Yan Chao, Bao Guo Ma, and Hong Bo Tan. "Effect of Side-Chain Structure of Polycarboxylic Acid Type Water-Reducer on Hydration of C₃A." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 807–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.807.

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Several polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PCs) with different side-chain structure have been synthesized. The effect of side-chain structure of PCs on hydration of C3A has been investigated by XRD, TG-DSC and SEM. The results show that PCs restrain hydration of C3A as a whole, but accelerate formation of Al(OH)3 and C3AH6; with increase molecular weight of long-side-chain, hydration of C3A is slowed, and the formation of Al (OH)3 and C2AH8 also become slowed. With increase proportion of long-side-chain, hydration of C3A and formation of C3AH6 are slowed, but existence of C2AH8 become obvious. The six-party flake hydrated products of C3AH6 are formed with a large number of grafted carboxyl.

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42

Hokajo, Toshio, Ken Terao, Yo Nakamura, and Takashi Norisuye. "Solution Properties of Polymacromonomers Consisting of Polystyrene V. Effect of Side Chain Length on Chain Stiffness." Polymer Journal 33, no. 6 (June 2001): 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/polymj.33.481.

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43

Parast, Mahour Mellat, and Nachiappan Subramanian. "An examination of the effect of supply chain disruption risk drivers on organizational performance: evidence from Chinese supply chains." Supply Chain Management: An International Journal 26, no. 4 (January 22, 2021): 548–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/scm-07-2020-0313.

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Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship of supply chain disruption risk drivers to supply chain performance and firm performance outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Four disruption risk drivers for a supply chain are identified, namely, demand disruption risk, supply disruption risk, process disruption risk and environment disruption risk. A cross-sectional survey was developed and data was collected from 315 Chinese firms to determine the relationship of supply chain disruption risks to supply chain performance and firm performance. Findings The empirical findings show that supply disruption risks and process disruption risks have a significant impact on supply chain performance. In addition, this paper shows that supply disruptions, demand disruptions and process disruptions are significantly related to firm performance. This paper shows that supply chain disruption risks have different effects on supply chain performance and firm performance. Managers should be aware that disruption risk drivers can have an impact on firm performance that is different from their impact on supply chain performance. An important finding of the study is that the magnitude of the impact of disruption risks on supply chain performance is greater on the upstream side of the supply chain than on the downstream side of the supply chain. Originality/value This is one of the early studies to examine the effect of supply chain disruption risk drivers on both firm performance and supply chain performance. An important finding of the study is that the magnitude of the impact of disruption risks on supply chain performance is greater on the upstream side of the supply chain than on the downstream side of the supply chain.

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44

Xin, Yue, Guang Zeng, JinYang OuYang, Xiaoli Zhao, and Xiaoniu Yang. "Enhancing thermal stability of nonfullerene organic solar cells via fluoro-side-chain engineering." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 7, no. 31 (2019): 9513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02700a.

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45

Messina, Marco S., Jeong Hoon Ko, Zhongyue Yang, M. Jane Strouse, K. N. Houk, and Heather D. Maynard. "Effect of trehalose polymer regioisomers on protein stabilization." Polymer Chemistry 8, no. 33 (2017): 4781–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7py00700k.

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46

Tan, Hong Bo, Bao Guo Ma, Kai Ke, and Jun Xiao. "Effect of Molecular Weight of Long-Side-Chain of Polycarboxylic Acid Type Water-Reducer on Hydration of C₃A." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.250.

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Several polycarboxylic acid type water-reducing agents (PCs) with different side-chain structure have been synthesized. The effect of side-chain structure of PCs on hydration of C3A has been investigated by XRD, TG-DSC and SEM. The results show that PCs restrain hydration of C3A as a whole, but accelerate the transformation from C2AH8 to Al (OH) 3 and C3AH6; for structure of the PCs, the bigger molecular weight of long-side-chain of PCs is advantage to restrain hydration of C3A. And it also is better to formation of six-party flake hydrated products. But the little molecular weight of long-side-chain of PCs tends to form the cube-shaped hydrated products.

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47

Jain, Tanmay, William Clay, Yen-Ming Tseng, Apoorva Vishwakarma, Amal Narayanan, Deliris Ortiz, Qianhui Liu, and Abraham Joy. "Role of pendant side-chain length in determining polymer 3D printability." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 40 (2019): 5543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00879a.

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48

Duan, Jian Ping, and Sheng Hua Lv. "Effect of Structure of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on Hydration of Cement in Early Period." Advanced Materials Research 487 (March 2012): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.487.24.

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Effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCs) with different bond between side chain and truck chain on hydration of cement in early period was studied. The performance of PCs in concrete was investigated by setting time, TGA and SEM. PC-based superplasticizer with ester bonding between side chain and truck chain. Although they had the proximate structure parameters in density of side chain and absorption group (carboxyl groups), the setting time of cement paste was significantly different when different PCs were employed in the preparation of cement. Decomposing of this bond in alkali environment may lead to a shorter setting time. On the other hand, same difference in hydration production was observed in early period hydration of cement paste when two different PCs was incorporated, which indicated that the different bond structure in PCs affected the hydration of cement in a different manner. The result of SEM indicated that the morphological phase of hydrated product was different when PC was applied, this may be related with the different result in the TG and TGA

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Niki, E., A. Kawakami, M. Saito, Y. Yamamoto, J. Tsuchiya, and Y. Kamiya. "Effect of phytyl side chain of vitamin E on its antioxidant activity." Journal of Biological Chemistry 260, no. 4 (February 1985): 2191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9258(18)89536-9.

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Olgun, Abdullah, Serif Akman, Suayp Tezcan, and Turker Kutluay. "The effect of isoprenoid side chain length of ubiquinone on life span." Medical Hypotheses 60, no. 3 (March 2003): 325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00392-4.

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