Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Side-by-side'
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Wiewiora, Chris. "Side by side : a narrative poetry collection." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1338.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Humanities
English
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Holzgraefe, Sandi. "Side By Side: Reinventing Mother/Daughter Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4211/.
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Beginning with mother/daughter film classics such as Stella Dallas (1937) and Mildred Pierce (1945), and moving to consider recent mother/daughter texts, Anywhere But Here (1999) and "Gilmore Girls" (2000 -), this thesis, in both its written and visual components, examines the multiple and often contradictory ways in which mothers and daughters have been represented in popular culture. Challenging the discourses that singularly stress struggle and separation, this research highlights representations that emphasize mother/daughter connection, and examines how such identification empowers mothers and daughters. This project is guided by cultural studies and feminist film theories. The first two chapters outline past and present paradigms of mothers and daughters respectively; the third chapter examines the goals and findings of the visual component.
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Kunow, Rüdiger. ""Unavoidably side by side" : mobility studies – concepts and issues." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5731/.
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Röjsel, Jimmy. "Koopman mode analysis of the side-by-side cylinder wake." Thesis, KTH, Mekanik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208988.
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In many situations, fluid flows can exhibit a wide range of temporal and spatial phenomena. It has become common to extract physically important features, called modes, as a first step in the analysis of flows with high complexity. One of the most prominent modal analysis techniques in the context of fluid dynamics is Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD), which enables extraction of energetically coherent structures present in the flow field. This method does, however, suffer from the lack of connection with the mathematical theory of dynamical systems and its utility in the analysis of arbitrarily complex flows might therefore be limited. In the present work, we instead consider application of the Koopman Mode Decomposition (KMD), which is an approach based on spectral decomposition of the Koopman operator. This technique is employed for modal analysis of the incompressible, two-dimensional ow past two side-by-side cylinders at Re = 60 and with a non-dimensional cylinder gap spacing g* = 1. This particular configuration yields a wake ow which exhibits in-phase vortex shedding during finite time, while later transforming into the so-called flip-flopping phenomena, which is characterised by a slow, periodic switching of the gap ow direction during O(10) vortex shedding cycles. The KMD approach yields modal structures which, in contrary to POD, are associated with specific oscillation frequencies. Specifically, these structures are here vorticity modes. By studying these modes, we are able to extract the ow components which are responsible for the flip-flop phenomenon. In particular, it is found that the flip-flop instability is mainly driven by three different modal structures, oscillating with Strouhal frequencies St1 = 0:023, St2 = 0:121 and St3 = 0:144, where it is noted that St3 = St1 + St2. In addition, we study the in-phase vortex shedding regime, as well as the transient regime connecting the two states of the flow. The study of the in-phase vortex shedding reveals| - not surprisingly - the presence of a single fundamental frequency, while the study of the transient reveals a Koopman spectrum which might indicate the existence of a bifurcation in the phase space of the flow field; this idea has been proposed before in Carini et al. (2015b). We conclude that the KMD offers a powerful framework for analysis of this ow case, and its range of applications might soon include even more complex flows.
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Han, Yang. "Preparation and characterization of a self-crimp side-by-side bicomponent electrospun material." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2857.
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Bicomponent composite fibers have been widely used in the textile industry and are gaining increasing attention on biomedical applications. In this research, polycaprolactone/poly (lactic acid) side-by-side bicomponent fibers were created for the application of a biodegradable scaffold. The side-by-side structure endowed the fiber with self-crimps when it was processed under certain conditions. This material was produced by electrospinning and collected on a high speed rotating mandrel to get highly oriented fibers. A mechanical stretch at the same direction was done followed by a wet heat treatment for polymer retraction. Crimped fibers were demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. The quantitative porosity and uniaxial tensile strength was not affected by the post-treatments, but the cell ingrowth and proliferation after seeding the scaffold were significantly improved. In conclusion, the side-by-side crimped material serves as a better extracellular matrix analogue without sacrificing mechanical properties.
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Kuriakose, Vinu P. "Floating LNG terminal and LNG carrier interaction analysis for side-by-side offloading operation." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2707.
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Floating LNG terminals are a relatively new concept with the first such terminal in
the world installed this year. The hydrodynamic interaction effects between the terminal
and a LNG carrier in a side-by-side offloading arrangement is investigated. The side-byside
arrangement is compared with each body floating alone to identify the interaction
effects. The hydrodynamic coefficients are obtained using the Constant Panel Method
and the analysis of body motions, mooring line tensions are done in time domain. The
relative motion between the two bodies is analyzed using WAMIT in frequency domain
and WINPOST in time domain to ascertain the offloading operability of the terminal
under 1 year storm condition.
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Esack, Farid. "Side-by-side with the other : Towards a Qur'anic Hermeneutic of religious pluralism for liberation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497555.
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Bassett, Stetson S. "Evaluation of a Side-By-Side Full-Scale Biofiltration Conversion in a Nutrient-Limited Environment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6983.
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In order to meet increasing water demands and more stringent regulations drinking water treatment plant managers must continually look to new treatment strategies and optimization techniques. One such strategy is to eliminate chlorine residual before filtration, allowing indigenous bacteria already present in the source water to grow on the filter media. These microorganisms help improve effluent water quality by increasing organic and inorganic contaminant removal. The process is known as biological filtration, or biofiltration. The implications of converting a conventional filtration plant (not specifically designed for biofiltration) to a biofiltration plant are still not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate water quality and operational trends of a side-by-side full-scale biofiltration conversion at the Quail Creek Water Treatment Plant (QCWTP), located in Hurricane, Utah, and to determine the impact of pre-chlorination elimination on filter performance.
Four of twelve filters at the QCWTP were used to test the plant’s ability to operate in biological mode. One acted as a control and ran similar to the other eight filters in the treatment plant. The other three were converted to biofilters by quenching the influent chlorine residual with thiosulfate. The experiment lasted one year, so filter performance could be evaluated in each season. The results from the study indicated that the influent water was low in organic carbon (i.e. food for microorganisms), which resulted in small differences in biological activity between filters. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) (i.e. cancer causing agents created from the combination of chlorine and organic matter) were lower in the biofilters relative to the control. Biological conversion resulted in slightly higher and more variable final effluent turbidity values (though still within EPA drinking water standards and operational goals) compared to the non-biological filters; however, filter run times were unaffected.
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Vaughan, Garrett. "Experimental Studies of Vertical Mixing Patterns in Open Channel Flow Generated by Two Delta Wings Side-by-Side." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1744.
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Open channel raceway bioreactors are a low-cost system used to grow algae for biofuel production. Microalgae have many promises when it comes to renewable energy applications, but many economic hurdles must be overcome to achieve an economic fuel source that is competitive with petroleum-based fuels. One way to make algae more competitive is to improve vertical mixing in algae raceway bioreactors. Previous studies show that mixing may be increased by the addition of mechanisms such as airfoils. The circulation created helps move the algae from the bottom to top surface for necessary photosynthetic exchange. This improvement in light utilization allowed a certain study to achieve 2.2-2.4 times the amount of biomass relative to bioreactors without airfoils. This idea of increasing mixing in open channel raceways has been the focus of the Utah State University (USU) raceway hydraulics group. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry (ADV), and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) are all methods used at USU to computationally and experimentally quantify mixing in an open channel raceway. They have also been used to observe the effects of using delta wings (DW) in increasing vertical mixing in the raceway. These efforts showed great potential in the DW in increasing vertical mixing in the open channel bioreactor. However, this research begged the question, does the DW help increase algae growth? Three algae growth experiments comparing growth in a raceway with and without DW were completed. These experiments were successful, yielding an average 27.1% increase in the biomass. The DW appears to be a promising method of increasing algae biomass production. The next important step was to quantify vertical mixing and understand flow patterns due to two DWs side-by-side. Raceway channels are wider as they increase in size; and arrays of DWs will need to be installed to achieve quality mixing throughout the bioreactor. Quality mixing was attained for several paddle wheel (PW) speeds. Also, an optimal spacing between the DWs in an array was found to be the width of the DW. This optimal spacing allows for the best increase in vertical mixing along the width of the channel. Dimensional analysis was performed using experimental data to estimate vertical mixing index (VMI) results for data obtained by larger scale DW experiments. This rough analysis showed that the VMI may be estimated from small to large scale within 26.6% and 26.5% when equating Reynolds and Froude numbers, respectively. These results suggest that quality mixing would still be present at a larger DW scale.
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Albannai, Abdulaziz I. Mr. "Innovative Tandem GTAW with Alternating Side-by-Side Spot-Like Welds to Minimize Centerline Solidification Cracking." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500528823020898.
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Lepp, Eric. "Side-by-side in the Land of Giants : a study of space, contact and civility in Belfast." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/sidebyside-in-the-land-of-giants-a-study-of-space-contact-and-civility-in-belfast(8ad5f2f7-9241-49f3-8f89-9d837ccb7ee9).html.
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In Northern Ireland, the Good Friday Agreement brought with it a great deal of attention and initiatives to construct and increase intergroup contact and shared spaces in an effort to reconcile divided nationalist/Catholic and unionist/Protestant communities. In the time following this peace agreement, the Belfast Giants ice hockey team was established, and in their 16 years as a team they have become one of the most attended spectator activities in Belfast, trending away from the tribalism, single-space, single-class, and single-gender dynamics of modern sport in Northern Ireland. This thesis research followed the supporters of the Belfast Giants throughout the 2015-2016 ice hockey season to better understand the encounters across historical divisions that are occurring in the Scottish and Southern Energy (SSE) Arena. The research of this PhD thesis is directed by the concepts of social capital, intergroup contact, and civility. These concepts, when placed within the context of divided society, contribute to the thesis' guiding analytical framework, which offers thematic guideposts in areas of prejudice and anxiety, tolerance and trust, space and identity. Influenced by in-depth qualitative research that seeks to access local voices, this research takes the conceptual and analytical guidance into the stands of the SSE Arena. In this way, the unique 'side-by-side' methodology, which involved conducting interviews with the person in the seat to my left or right at Belfast Giants ice hockey games while immersing myself in the supporter community, emerged as not only a contribution to unearthing new voices in this oft-studied region, but also as an innovative contribution to qualitative methodological literatures. Beyond the methodological contribution, this thesis makes two further contributions to existing academic literatures on post-peace agreement relationships. The first of these is through the clear relationship between identity and space that are evident in its findings. Between the poles of conflict and reconciliation are the complex and simple interactions, which when placed in the SSE Arena at a Belfast Giants game illustrate the multi-layered and fluid nature of identity. The thesis finds the hockey arena is a space where a shared identity, 'the hockey family', materialises and includes nationalist and unionist populations. This shared identity is deeply connected to a physical place and activity that are situated outside the all-encompassing nature of division in present-day Belfast. However, within the unusual setting of an ice hockey arena in Northern Ireland there emerges ordinariness in encounter across historical cleavage, and from these mundane interactions comes the final contribution 'side-by-sidedness'. Influenced by supporters' willingness to sit side-by-side those on the opposite side of a historical division who they may not be willing to live beside, this theme is framed as a lightened encounter that challenges assumptions inherent in post-peace agreement settings. The research findings frame the SSE Arena as a site of sanctuary from polarised sectarian identities and activities, as well as a site of resistance from overarching peace agendas that push shared space and seek reconciliation. Side-by-sidedness exists in the everyday between these two poles. In highlighting this space between, this theme challenges the assumptions of 'face-to-faceness' that are inherent across the three concepts informing this thesis and through utilising notions of everyday peace and everyday division to include the relational, the spatial and the metaphorical, this thesis' meta-theme frames a new way of 'getting on with it' in the shadows of conflict.
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Ullrich, René, Martin Hofrichter, Marzena Poraj-Kobielska, Marek Pecyna, Katrin Scheibner, Steffi Scholze, Martin Sandvoss, and Claire Halbout. "Side chain removal from corticosteroids by unspecific peroxygenase." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-235595.
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Two unspecific peroxygenases (UPO, EC 1.11.2.1) from the basidiomycetous fungi Marasmius rotula and Marasmius wettsteinii oxidized steroids with hydroxyacetyl and hydroxyl functionalities at C17 - such as cortisone, Reichstein's substance S and prednisone - via stepwise oxygenation and final fission of the side chain. The sequential oxidation started with the hydroxylation of the terminal carbon (C21) leading to a stable geminal alcohol (e.g. cortisone 21-gem-diol) and proceeded via a second oxygenation resulting in the corresponding α-ketocarboxylic acid (e.g. cortisone 21-oic acid). The latter decomposed under formation of adrenosterone (4-androstene-3,11,17-trione) as well as formic acid and carbonic acid (that is in equilibrium with carbon dioxide); fission products comprising two carbon atoms such as glycolic acid or glyoxylic acid were not detected. Protein models based on the crystal structure data of MroUPO (Marasmius rotula unspecific peroxygenase) revealed that the bulky cortisone molecule suitably fits into the enzyme's access channel, which enables the heme iron to come in close contact to the carbons (C21, C20) of the steroidal side chain. ICP-MS analysis of purified MroUPO confirmed the presence of magnesium supposedly stabilizing the porphyrin ring system.
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Buxton, Peter. "Synthesis of side-chain liquid crystal polymers by cyclopolymerisation." Thesis, University of Hull, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297391.
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KAWAGUCHI, Nobuo, Yuuichi IIZUKA, 信夫 河口, and 裕一 飯塚. "Side-by-Side Meeting : 非対称な環境を用いた遠隔作業支援." 一般社団法人情報処理学会, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15425.
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Solomon, Jean-Paul. "Living side-by-side? An analysis of the changing relationship between race, space and class in Cape Town, 1980-2011." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Humanities, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30423.
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The aim of this project was to explore the changing relationship between race, space and class in Cape Town during the 1980-2011 period by using the social polarisation vs professionalisation debate as the starting point. The previous working on this debate, as it pertains to Cape Town, took place prior to the availability of the 2011 census data and this project continued that work. Based on the data, the growth of high-income occupations continued, in the preceding decade, combined with considerable growth in middle-income non-manual occupations and an improved educational profile of the employed population. However, this project goes beyond that earlier work, by examining the changing racial composition of the relevant occupational groups in relation to the composition of the working age population at each data point. The spatial or geographical analyses uses both a GIS platform to map the changing distribution of the races, occupational classes and the unemployed, as well as two segregation indices aimed at better understanding the city-wide impacts of those geographical changes. The GIS work uses concepts like suburb and ghetto, both of which are ubiquitous in urban studies literature, as a backdrop, but ultimately asks the following question regarding the spatial changes: What are the spatial implications of a deracialising and professionalising labour market? Ultimately, the findings show that despite the aforementioned deracialisation of high-income and middle-income occupations, Black Africans and Coloured remained most affected by unemployment. Furthermore, in spite of all these changes, Cape Town was still profoundly racially segregated in 2011.
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Siu, Wing-ho, and 蕭永皓. "Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by bolted side plates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43278735.
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Behfarshad, Zahra. "Hidden-web induced by client-side scripting : an empirical study." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46671.
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Client-side JavaScript is increasingly used for enhancing web application functionality, interactivity, and responsiveness. Through the execution of JavaScript code in browsers, the DOM tree representing a webpage at runtime, can be incrementally updated without requiring a URL change. This dynamically updated content is hidden from general search engines. We present the first empirical study on measuring and characterizing the hidden-web induced as a result of client-side JavaScript execution. Our study reveals that this type of hidden-web content is prevalent in online web applications today: from the 500 websites we analyzed, 95% contain client-side hidden-web content; On those websites that contain client-side hidden-web content, (1) on average, 62% of the web states are hidden, (2) per hidden state, there is an average of 19 kilobytes of data that is hidden from which 0.6 kilobytes contain textual content, (3) the DIV element is the most common clickable element used (61%) to initiate this type of hidden-web state transition, and (4) on average 25 minutes is required to dynamically crawl 50 DOM states. Further, our study indicates that there is a correlation between DOM tree size and hidden-web content, but no correlation exists between the amount of JavaScript code and client-side hidden-web.
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Siu, Wing-ho. "Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by bolted side plates." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43278735.
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Vemuri, Lavanya. "Computational analysis of vehicle occupants dynamic response in side impact accidents with tempered glass in side windows replaced by laminated glazing." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3987.
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Vehicle occupants involved in automobile side impact crashes are three times more likely
to experience head injuries than occupants involved in frontal or other types of collisions. The
most frequent contact source for an occupant in side impact crashes is the side window. In side
impacts, failure of the side window glass affects the potential for the occupant head injury.
Tempered glass in side window is easily shattered by exposing the occupant head into
environment, where it can be directly impacted by the intruding or striking vehicle. In order to
reduce the injury potential for occupant head in a collision, windows with laminated glass have
been developed, which are gradually replacing the tempered glass. This study is mainly focused
on understanding the dynamic response of the human head in side impact scenarios, when the
tempered glass in the side windows is replaced with laminated glass.
Quasi-static experiments are performed in this study with a free-motion headform
impacting a laminated glass. The laminated glass is composed of two layers of glass separated by
Polyvinyl Butyral (PVB) interlayer. A Finite Element (FE) model of the laminated glass window
is created and impacted with the FE headform at the same velocity as in the experiment, and the
model is validated against experimental results. The properties of validated glass model are
implemented into the side windows of a small car model to determine the performance of
laminated glass in a typical side impact scenario. The responses of the occupant with the
tempered and laminated glazing with and without restraints are compared. Based on the
performance of the laminated glazing in side impact scenario, the laminated glass has shown to
reduce the possibility of failure of the glass and thus contains the occupant from ejecting with
virtually no change in injury potential values.Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering.
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Pingali, Theja Ram. "Development of a Human Accompanying Wheelchair using Ultrasonic Tethering." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39379.
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In social situations, people who use a powered wheelchair must divide their attention between navigating the chair and conversing with people. As a solution that maintains a good conversation distance between the wheelchair and the accompanying person, a wheelchair control system was introduced to provide automated side-by-side following by wirelessly tethering the wheelchair to the person.
This thesis designed, developed, and evaluated a wireless tethering system using ultrasonic sensors. Two ping sensors and three piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers were used to identify the accompanying person and determine their pose. A trajectory algorithm determined the person’s direction of motion and a drive control algorithm determined the wheelchair’s required direction by maintaining a comfortable conversation distance between the person and the wheelchair user. A plug-and-play prototype was developed using commercially available components and the firmware was implemented using an open-source platform. The prototype developed in this thesis was mounted to a Permobil F3 Corpus powered wheelchair with a modified Eightfold Technologies SmartChair Remote, which controlled the wheelchair direction.
Results demonstrated that the system can navigate a wheelchair beside an accompanying person and maintain a comfortable conversation distance, which is advantageous for users who require hands-free wheelchair control during social activities.
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Cheng, Bei, and 程蓓. "Retrofitting of deep concrete coupling beams by laterally restrained side plates." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45791132.
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Li, Dan. "Decarbonising future power systems by demand side management in smart grid." Thesis, Durham University, 2019. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12988/.
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Carbon emission reduction is an urgent global task. Renewable energy sources integration can promote the transformation of cleaner and greener power system. But the time-varying nature of these sources causes indeterminacy problems. Smart grid is a powerful tool that can deal with these problems in electricity aspect. One of the key smart grid technologies is demand side management. How to use demand side management to regulate and decarbonise the power system is the main point of this thesis. In order to integrate renewable energy sources, a day-ahead electricity market scheme is proposed, involving the utility, the demand response aggregator and customers. This model leads to a multiobjective optimization problem, which is solved by an artificial immune algorithm. The simulation results confirm the feasibility and robustness of the proposed model. All participants can benefit from it, and the system power peak to average ratio can be reduced. In order to realize the carbon emission reduction, a system model for annual fuel sources scheduling and operational policy making of electricity generation is established, considering the economic, environmental and social aspects. A minimum Manhattan distance approach is proposed to select the final solution. The impacts of carbon tax and renewable obligation on carbon emission, generation cost and electricity bill are examined. These can reveal the proper strategy for deciding renewable energy source and carbon emission related policies. After that, a carbon emission flow model is introduced to facilitate the analysis and assessment of demand side management's impacts on carbon emission reduction. The time sensitivity of carbon emission in both generation side and customer side are obtained. The daily case and seasonal case are presented. The simulation results show that the load curtailment and load shift approaches can effectively reduce the carbon emission.
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Wahyu, Haifa. "The identification of side reactions and by-products in process synthesis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/13165.
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This work presents a systematic approach to the identification of possible by-products in process synthesis. The objective is to discover all possible reactions that might take place in a reaction system, in addition to already known main reactions. These side reactions may generate species in minor quantities which can be difficult to separate and therefore be into the recycle system. These species can thus remain in the process and accumulate. A literature survey indicated that generic languages for chemical reactions have been developed recently by other workers. These have adopted the concepts of fundamental chemistry with the aim of identifying major chemical reactions. For the purpose of the present work, strict interpretation of chemistry was not considered necessary since the aim was to generate minor species which might be formed. The work covers aspects of molecular representation, reaction generation and thermodynamic evaluation for screening. Molecular properties are estimated using group contribution methods. Unlikely species are ruled out using both stoichiometric and thermodynamic tests. The approach was first tested by comparison with experimental work, on the partial wet oxidation of p-coumaric acid and alkylation of toluene with ethanol. This shows favourable results. Process case studies were then undertaken including vinyl chloride monomer and the preparation of R-134a and R-22. These processes have been used to study the effect of by-product build-up. The study involved separation simulation to investigate the separability of the components. This confirmed that many potential by-products would be difficult to separate and might tend to accumulate in recycles. The results show that the approach has a promise for identifying possible side reactions, by-products and the problems that they will cause in a continuous process. Thus in the long term the approach affects the possibility of reducing and eliminating pilot plant studies in moving from laboratories to full scale processes.
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Kim, Young-Bok. "Dynamic analysis of multiple-body floating platforms coupled with mooring lines and risers." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/552.
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A computer program, WINPOST-MULT, is developed for the dynamic analysis of a multiple-body floating system coupled with mooring lines and risers in the presence of waves, winds and currents. The coupled dynamics program for a single platform is extended for analyzing multiple-body systems by including all the platforms, mooring lines and risers in a combined matrix equation in the time domain. Compared to the iteration method between multiple bodies, the combined matrix method can include the full hydrodynamic interactions among bodies. The floating platform is modeled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom. The first- and second-order wave forces, added mass coefficients, and radiation damping coefficients are calculated from the hydrodynamics program WAMIT for multiple bodies. Then, the time series of wave forces are generated in the time domain based on the two-term Volterra model. The wind forces are separately generated from the input wind spectrum and wind force formula. The current is included in Morison's drag force formula. In case of FPSO, the wind and current forces are generated using the respective coefficients given in the OCIMF data sheet. A finite element method is derived for the long elastic element of an arbitrary shape and material. This newly developed computer program is first applied to the system of a turret-moored FPSO and a shuttle tanker in tandem mooring. The dynamics of the turret-moored FPSO in waves, winds and currents are verified against independent computation and OTRC experiment. Then, the simulations for the FPSO-shuttle system with a hawser connection are carried out and the results are compared with the simplified methods without considering or partially including hydrodynamic interactions.
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Cárdenas, Araujo Juan José. "Load forecasting on the user‐side by means of computational intelligence algorithms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128969.
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Nowadays, it would be very difficult to deny the need to prioritize sustainable development through energy efficiency at all consumption levels. In this context, an energy management system (EMS) is a suitable option for continuously improving energy efficiency, particularly on the user side. An EMS is a set of technological tools that manages energy consumption information and allows its analysis. EMS, in combination with information technologies, has
given rise to intelligent EMS (iEMS), which, aside from lending support to monitoring and reporting functions as an EMS does, it has the ability to model, forecast, control and diagnose energy consumption in a predictive way. The main objective of an iEMS is to continuously improve energy efficiency (on-line) as automatically as possible.
The core of an iEMS is its load modeling forecasting system (LMFS). It takes advantage of historical information on energy consumption and energy-related variables in order to model and forecast load profiles and, if available, generator profiles. These models and forecasts are the main information used for iEMS applications for control and diagnosis. That is why in this thesis we have focused on the study, analysis and development of LMFS on the user side. The fact that the LMFS is applied on the user side to support an iEMS means that specific characteristics are required that in other areas of load forecasting they are not. First of all, the user-side load profiles (LPs) have a higher random behavior than others, as for example, in power system distribution or generation. This makes the modeling and forecasting process more difficult. Second, on the user side --for example an industrial user-- there is a high number and variety of places that can be monitored, modeled and forecasted, as well as their precedence or nature. Thus, on the one hand, an LMFS requires a high degree of autonomy to automatically or autonomously generate the demanded models. And on the other hand, it needs
a high level of adaptability in order to be able to model and forecast different types of loads and different types of energies.
Therefore, the addressed LMFS are those that do not look only for accuracy, but also adaptability and autonomy. Seeking to achieve these objectives, in this thesis work we have proposed three novel LMFS schemes based on hybrid algorithms from computational intelligence, signal processing and statistical theory. The first of them looked to improve adaptability, keeping in mind the importance of accuracy and autonomy. It was called an evolutionary training algorithm (ETA) and is based on adaptivenetwork-based-fuzzy-inference system (ANFIS) that is trained by a multi-objective genetic algorithm instead of its traditional training algorithm. As a result of this hybrid, the generalization capacity was improved (avoiding overfitting) and an easily adaptable training algorithm for new adaptive networks based on traditional ANFIS was obtained.
The second scheme deals with LMF autonomy in order to build models from multiple loads automatically. Similar to the previous proposal, an ANFIS and a MOGA were used. In this case, the MOGA was used to find a near-optimal configuration for the ANFIS instead of training it. The LMFS relies on this configuration to work properly, as well as to maintain accuracy and generalization capabilities. Real data from an industrial scenario were used to test the proposed scheme and the multi-site modeling and self-configuration results were satisfactory. Furthermore, other algorithms were satisfactorily designed and tested for processing raw data in outlier detection and gap padding.
The last of the proposed approaches sought to improve accuracy while keeping autonomy and adaptability. It took advantage of dominant patterns (DPs) that have lower time resolution than the target LP, so they are easier to model and forecast. The Hilbert-Huang transform and Hilbert-spectral analysis were used for detecting and selecting the DPs. Those selected were used in a proposed scheme of partial models (PM) based on parallel ANFIS or artificial neural networks (ANN) to extract the information and give it to the main PM. Therefore, LMFS accuracy improved and the user-side LP noising problem was reduced. Additionally, in order to compensate for the added complexity, versions of self-configured sub-LMFS for each PM were used. This point was fundamental since, the better the configuration, the better the accuracy of the model; and subsequently the information provided to the main partial model was that much better.
Finally, and to close this thesis, an outlook of trends regarding iEMS and an outline of several hybrid algorithms that are pending study and testing are presented.En el contexto energético actual y particularmente en el lado del usuario, el concepto de sistema de gestión energética (EMS) se presenta como una alternativa apropiada para mejorar continuamente la eficiencia energética. Los EMSs en combinación con las tecnologías informáticas dan origen al concepto de iEMS, que además de soportar las funciones de los EMS, tienen la capacidad de modelar, pronosticar, controlar y supervisar los consumos energéticos. Su principal objetivo es el de realizar una mejora continua, lo más autónoma posible y predictiva de la eficiencia energética. Este tipo de sistemas tienen como núcleo fundamental el sistema de modelado y pronóstico de consumos (Load Modeling and Forecasting System, LMFS). El LMFS está habilitado para pronosticar el comportamiento futuro de cargas y, si es necesario, de generadores. Es sobre estos pronósticos sobre los cuales el iEMS puede realizar sus tareas automáticas y predictivas de optimización y supervisión. Los LMFS en el lado del usuario son el foco de esta tesis. Un LMFS en el lado del usuario, diseñado para soportar un iEMS requiere o demanda ciertas características que en otros contextos no serían tan necesarias. En primera estancia, los perfiles de los usuarios tienen un alto grado de aleatoriedad que los hace más difíciles de pronosticar. Segundo, en el lado del usuario, por ejemplo en la industria, el gran número de puntos a modelar requiere que el LMFS tenga por un lado, un nivel elevado de autonomía para generar de la manera más desatendida posible los modelos. Por otro lado, necesita un nivel elevado de adaptabilidad para que, usando la misma estructura o metodología, pueda modelar diferentes tipos de cargas cuya procedencia pude variar significativamente. Por lo tanto, los sistemas de modelado abordados en esta tesis son aquellos que no solo buscan mejorar la precisión, sino también la adaptabilidad y autonomía. En busca de estos objetivos y soportados principalmente por algoritmos de inteligencia computacional, procesamiento de señales y estadística, hemos propuesto tres algoritmos novedosos para el desarrollo de un LMFS en el lado del usuario. El primero de ellos busca mejorar la adaptabilidad del LMFS manteniendo una buena precisión y capacidad de autonomía. Denominado ETA, consiste del uso de una estructura ANFIS que es entrenada por un algoritmo genético multi objetivo (MOGA). Como resultado de este híbrido, obtenemos un algoritmo con excelentes capacidades de generalización y fácil de adaptar para el entrenamiento y evaluación de nuevas estructuras adaptativas basadas en ANFIS. El segundo de los algoritmos desarrollados aborda la autonomía del LMFS para así poder generar modelos de múltiples cargas. Al igual que en la anterior propuesta usamos un ANFIS y un MOGA, pero esta vez el MOGA en vez de entrenar el ANFIS, se utiliza para encontrar la configuración cuasi-óptima del ANFIS. Encontrar la configuración apropiada de un ANFIS es muy importante para obtener un buen funcionamiento del LMFS en lo que a precisión y generalización respecta. El LMFS propuesto, además de configurar automáticamente el ANFIS, incluyó diversos algoritmos para procesar los datos puros que casi siempre estuvieron contaminados de datos espurios y gaps de información, operando satisfactoriamente en las condiciones de prueba en un escenario real. El tercero y último de los algoritmos buscó mejorar la precisión manteniendo la autonomía y adaptabilidad, aprovechando para ello la existencia de patrones dominantes de más baja resolución temporal que el consumo objetivo, y que son más fáciles de modelar y pronosticar. La metodología desarrollada se basa en la transformada de Hilbert-Huang para detectar y seleccionar tales patrones dominantes. Además, esta metodología define el uso de modelos parciales de los patrones dominantes seleccionados, para mejorar la precisión del LMFS y mitigar el problema de aleatoriedad que afecta a los consumos en el lado del usuario. Adicionalmente, se incorporó el algoritmo de auto configuración que se presentó en la propuesta anterior para hallar la configuración cuasi-óptima de los modelos parciales. Este punto fue crucial puesto que a mejor configuración de los modelos parciales mayor es la mejora en precisión del pronóstico final. Finalmente y para cerrar este trabajo de tesis, se realizó una prospección de las tendencias en cuanto al uso de iEMS y se esbozaron varias propuestas de algoritmos híbridos, cuyo estudio y comprobación se plantea en futuros estudios.
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Krivorotova, Tatjana. "Synthesis of polyelectrolytes contaiting poly(ethylene oxide) side chains by living radical polymerization." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100915_162344-10990.
Full textAbstract:
The main goal of this work was to synthesize polyelectrolyte brushes containing poly(ethylene oxide) side chains by living polymerization. Brush-like macromolecules are unique polymer molecules whose conformation and physical properties are controlled by steric repulsion of densely grafted side chains. Molecules can be either flexible or stiff, depending on the grafting density and the length of the side chains. Polymerization of macromonomers is one of the most useful ways to prepare brush copolymers. However, with the macromonomer method, the distribution of the spacing of the side chains cannot be entirely controlled which along with broad and multimodal molecular weight distribution makes these polymers heterogeneous. These problems were considered to be overcome with the use of controlled/living polymerization.
Conventional free-radical and RAFT copolymerization of poly(ethylene oxide) substituent containing methacrylate macromonomers, PEO5MEMA and PEO45MEMA, with methacrylic acid (MAA) was studied by the use of 1H NMR spectroscopy for an analysis of residual monomers. RAFT copolymerization of PEO45MEMA and MAA enabled to synthesize comb copolymers with low composition distribution and more homogeneous distribution of PEO side chains along the mainchain. Amphiphilic non-ionic blockcopolymers poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) – P(PEOnMEMA) and amphiphilic anionic blockcopolymers PLMA – PMAA were prepared by the RAFT method, and their properties in aqueous and THF... [to full text]Vienas iš šiuolaikinės polimerų chemijos uždavinių – gauti numatytos molekulinės masės ir architektūros polimerines medžiagas. Neseniai buvo sukurti nauji radikalinės polimerizacijos metodai, kurie priskiriami gyvybingajai (valdomai) polimerizacijai (GRP). Makromonomerų (MM) gyvybingoji radikalinė polimerizacija yra efektyvus būdas gauti šepetinius (cilindrinius) polimerus). Šepetiniai polimerai – tai makromolekulės, kuriose prie pagrindinės polimerinės grandinės prijungta daug šoninių mažesnės molekulinės masės polimerinių (oligomerinių) grandinių. Dėl tarp šoninių grandinių esančių erdvinės stūmos jėgų tokios makromolekulės įgauna neįprastų savybių, pvz., standumą, cilindrinę formą, didelį segmentų tankį. Pagrindinis šio darbo tikslas buvo susintetinti norimos sudėties šepetinius polielektrolitinius polimerus, sudarytus iš krūvį turinčios poli(met)akrilato pagrindinės grandinės ir šoninių polietilenoksido grandinių, ir ištirti jų savybes. Svarbiausieji šio darbo rezultatai, atspindintys jo naujumą, originalumą ir svarbą: Pirmą kartą nuodugniai ištirta metakrilo rūgšties (MAR) ir dviejų skirtingų molekulinių masių polietilenoksido metakrilatų PEOnMEMA (n = 5, 45) kopolimerizacija įprastiniu radikaliniu ir RAFT metodais. Sukurta metodika PEO makromonomerų kopolimerizacijos kinetikai tirti, užrašant 1H BMR spektrus in situ ir įvertinant likutinę monomerų koncentraciją reakcijos mišinyje bei momentinę kopolimero sudėtį iki gilių konversijų. Netiesiniu kintamųjų paklaidų metodu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Wadhwa, Lalita. "Biotransformation of progesterone by Bacillus sphaericus and purification of side chain cleavage enzyme." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.401940.
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Rivera-Ruiz, Aida Belén. "By the Side of the Road: An Interpretive Look at Road Menders' Houses." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626292.
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Mangafic, Armin. "Artistic control of side effects in Playpod by scripting and game loop technology." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72692.
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Jones, C. Mair A. "Scattering of sound by a semi-infinite sandwich panel perforated on one side." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46846.
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Jiang, Bo S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Enterprise control assessment for the mitigation of renewable energy by demand side management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100121.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-104).
The traditional power grid paradigm of centralized and actively controlled power generation facilities serving distributed and passively controlled electrical loads is challenged by the requirements for decarbonization, enhanced reliability and transportation electrification. The power grid will undergo technical, economic and regulatory changes and motivates new control and automation technologies and incentivized Demand Side Management (DSM) to accommodate the intermittent and distributed nature of renewable energy. The first phase of this thesis is an extensive review of existing renewable energy integration study methodologies and their limitations. On the other hand, a newly developed holistic enterprise control assessment method manages the diversity of control solutions and many competing objectives, is case independent, addresses both physical nature as well as enterprise control processes, and is validated by a set of numerical simulations. Another major omission in the majority of integration studies is the demand side resources. Demand Side Management with its ability to allow customers to adjust electricity consumption in response to market signals has often been recognized as an efficient way to mitigate the variable effects of renewable energy as well as to increase system efficiency and reduce system costs. Dispite the recongnized importance of DSM, the academic & industrial literature have taken divergent approaches to DSM implementation. While the popular approach among academia adopts a social welfare maximization formulation, the industrial practice compensates customers according to their load reduction from a predefined electricity consumption baseline that would have occurred without DSM. This thesis then rigorously compares the two different DSM approaches in a dayahead electricity wholesale market analytically and numerically using the same system configuration and mathematical formalism. The comparison of the two models showed that a proper reconciliation of the two models might make them mitigate the stochastic netload in fundamentally the same way given an industrial baseline equal to the dispatchable demand forecast in the social welfare model, which is rarely met in practice. While the social welfare model uses a stochastic net load composed of two terms, the industrial DSM model uses a stochastic net load composed of three terms including the additional baseline term. DSM participants have the incentives to manipulate the baseline in order to receive greater financial compensation, taking advantage of greater awareness of their facilities than the regulatory agencies charged with estimating the baseline. In a day-ahead wholesale market, the artificially inflated baseline forecast used in the industrial formalism is shown to result in higher and costlier dispatchable resources scheduling and unachievable social welfare compared to the academic method. This thesis proceeds to compare the two DSM approaches and quantifies the technical impact of industrial baseline errors in subsequent layers of control using an enterprise control methodology. The baseline inflation errors in a day-ahead market have to be corrected in the downstream enterprise control activities at faster time scales, increasing the control efforts and reserve requirements in the real-time market dispatch and regulation service respectively. The adoption of enterprise control simulator added with a dispatchable demand module enables the simultaneous study of day-ahead and real-time market, regulation service and power flow analysis. The day-ahead wholesale market adopts a unit commitment problem and the real-time wholesale market adopts an economic dispatch (ED) problem on the timescale of minutes. While baseline error is absent in the social welfare model, the industrial model is simulated with different baseline levels, assuming the baseline inflation has the same effects in the day-ahead and real-time market. The resulting implications of baseline errors on power grid imbalances and regulating reserve requirements are tracked. It is concluded that with the same regulating service, the introduction of baseline error leads to additional system imbalance compared to the social welfare model results, and the imbalance amplifies itself as the baseline error increases. As a result, more regulating reserves are required to achieve the same satisfactory system performance with higher baseline error. In summary, the industrial DSM baseline inflation brings about higher and costlier dispatch in day-ahead wholesale market and higher reserve requirements in subsequent control layers, namely the real-time market regulating service.
by Bo Jiang.
S.M.
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Fujiwara, Hiroki. "Solvent-side observation on vibrational energy transfer by transient grating spectroscopy: Azulene derivatives." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124369.
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White, Christopher. "Stabilisation of peptide secondary structure by incorporation of side-chain linked amino acids." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445181/.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the project was to synthesise a novel small peptide containing an ether linkage between two side chains. Computer modelling had shown the structure was likely to form a stable p turn in solution and would therefore be a good candidate to study this class of protein secondary structure. To do this a differentially protected bis-amino acid containing the ether linkage was retrosynthesised to chiral pool synthons L-aspartic acid and L-methionine. Many attempts were then made to differentially protect and manipulate the respective acid and sulfide side chains into synthons that would participate in Williamson ether synthesis. Techniques explored included N-chlorosuccinimide hemithioacetal formation, sulfonium salt displacement, bismuth trichloride and silver salt induced etherifications. Using molecules made during this research we then worked towards making a similarly constrained peptide containing a homolanthionine bridge, a thioether analogue of the anti-tryptic reactive site loop of Bowman Birk Inhibitor, a proteinase inhibitor protein. Chapter 1 contains a review of peptides constrained through bridging of side chains and the effects that this has upon them. Chapters 2 and 3 outline the synthetic steps that were used in the process of synthesising an ether linked bis-amino acid. Subchapter 2.2 shows the synthesis of protected homoserine, a nucleophile for ether reactions. Subchapter 2.3 highlights the difficulty in making differentially protected electrophilic amino acids and coupling reactions between the two synthons. In chapter 3 the protected electrophilic homoserine is coupled with cysteine to make a homolanthionine bridge which is then integrated into a short peptide. Chapter 6 contains the experimental procedures for the reactions carried out and the spectral data for isolated compounds.
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Weng, Jia-Hurng, and 翁嘉宏. "Experiments on Flow Past Two Side by Side Semicircular Flat Plates." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43359787192730995497.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
水資源及環境工程學系
86
The main purpose of this study was to carry out a detailed study of the flowfields between the leaflets of widely used bileaflet heart valves. In conventionalresearch, the sewing ring of the valve acts as an obstacle for measurement. In addition, the small space in between the leaflets limits the amount of detailed measurement, which can be done. Therefore, in this study two enlarged semicircular plates were used to mimic the actual fully-opened leaflets during peak systole and the flow field was measured according to dynamic similarity. Flow visualization technique and Laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) were used toobtain qualitative and quantitative data, respectively of the various turbulence characteristics of the flow between the plates and downstream near the wake. The spacings and angles of the plates were changed to study their interactions. Shear stresses in the flow and along the walls of the plates were also measured to evaluate the damage inflicted on red blood cells and platelets. According to experimental result of the visualization flow fields, the deflection of the central flow field is more obvious as the angle of bileaflets becomes larger because of the Coanda effect. However, the direction of deflection is not specific and is especially obvious when the plates' angle is 12° and the interval is 7.5 mm. As the interval increases, the Coanda effect tends to decrease. The LDA measurements show that the maximum shear stress is smallest when the plate are fully open and the angle between a single leaflet and streamwise flow is 0°~6°, thus lowering the possibility of thrombosis.
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吳竹軒. "Characteristics of Flow Configurations around Two Side-by-Side Wing-Blades." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21465530187495103887.
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Ko, Ta, and 柯達. "The Preparation and Property Analyse of Side by Side Nylon6 Composite Fiber." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04082614601937024486.
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碩士亞東技術學院
纖維與材料應用產業研發碩士專班
100
This research utilized conjugate melting spinning technology to prepare side by side composite fibers. The fibers were made in the same process condition and the fixed take-up speed, by changing the draws ratio and control the different component proportions the side by side composite fibers were made and the properties were discussed. Using four types of Nylon 6 polymers as raw material, such as is Full Dull Polyamide 6(FD-PA6), Bright Polyamide 6(BR-PA6), Semi Dull Hydrophilic Monomer Polyamide 6(HM-PA6) and Bright Cationic Dyeable Polyamide 6(CD-PA6). The three kinds of side by side composite fibers were then produced as FD-PA6/BR-PA6, FD-PA6/HM-PA6 and FD-PA6/CD-PA6. The experimental results showed that the composite fiber in the draw ratio of 3.2 and FD-PA6 fiber composite ratio of 30%, reached the higher fiber crimp rate, tenacity and boiling water shrinkage. FD-PA6/BR-PA6 composite fiber in the draw ratio of 3.2, reached the highest fiber strength of 4.62 g/d. Moreover, FD-PA6/CD-PA6 composite fiber in the draw ratio of 3.2 and CD-PA6 fiber composite ratio of 30%, could be reached the highest crimp rate of 12.2%.
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Atkins, Michael David. "Driving mechanisms of gap flow between two side-by-side circular cylinders." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/17543.
Full textAbstract:
We present the driving mechanism of gap flow between two stationary side-by-side circular cylinders immersed in the sub-critical Reynolds number regime and its variation with gap spacing, based on steady flow characteristics. A series of experiments and numerical simulations have been performed. Results reveal that gap flow, the flow passing between the cylinders, can be classified broadly into pressure gradient and momentum driven regime, depending on the spacing ratio (T/D) where T is the transverse center-to-center spacing between the cylinders and D is the cylinder diameter. The pressure gradient driven regime occurs roughly T/D < 1.25 where the mean velocity of the gap flow increases as the spacing ratio (T/D) increases. The momentum driven regime follows with a monotonic decrease in the mean velocity as the spacing ratio increases when T/D > 1.25. Within the pressure gradient driven regime, the gap flow undergoes transitions resulting from distinct changes in the circumferential static pressure distribution, velocity profile, the transverse pressure gradient and mean velocity at the throat of the two cylinders.
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Abreu, Isabel Cruz Nogueira Telo de. "Does virtuous leadership walk side by side with creativity in Delta Cafés?" Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/27104.
Full textAbstract:
In the current environment where fast and constant changes are expected within
organizations, the encouragement of a Virtuous Leadership and higher levels of creative
thinking, have been imperative for their survival. These appear as crucial to modern
organizations that aim to obtain competitive advantages in a globalized market. The present
study aims to analyse, according to the perceptions of the subordinates, the leader’s levels
of virtuous leadership and the subordinates’ creativity level while exploring the existing
relationship between the two, within the Delta Cafés employees. The differences between
the levels of Virtuous Leadership and Creativity according to some social-demographic
variables will also be analysed. The convenience sample is composed of 201 Delta Cafés
employees, 90 (44.8%) males, 111 (55.2%) females, between the ages of 19 and 64
(M=39.49; SD=9.03). To operationalise the Virtuous Leadership variable, the Virtuous
Leadership Questionnaire (VLQ) from Rego and Cunha (2011) and adapted by Lopes and
Araújo (2013) was used, and for Creativity the TCT-DP (Test for Creative Thinking –
Drawing Production) developed by K. Urban and H. Jellen (1996) was the applied test.
Regarding the main results, individuals with 12th grade education, from a less instructed
middle class and the ones who receive weekly feedbacks, seem to perceive more virtuosity
in their leader’s leadership practices, as well as men being on average more creative and
showing a higher tendency to innovate. Moreover, the results show no correlation between
the levels of Virtuous Leadership and Creativity. This research further indicates limitations
and implications, as well as cues for future research.Na atual conjuntura onde se impõe às organizações rápidas e constantes mudanças, a promoção de uma Liderança Virtuosa e de níveis mais elevados de pensamento criativo têm constituído um imperativo para a sua sobrevivência. Estes apresentam-se como condição necessária às organizações modernas que pretendem obter vantagem competitiva num mercado globalizado. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar, com base nas perceções dos liderados, os níveis de liderança virtuosa dos líderes e os níveis de criatividade dos liderados e explorar a existência de relação entre os mesmos, nos colaboradores da Delta Cafés. Ainda pretende analisar as diferenças dos níveis de Liderança Virtuosa e de Criatividade em função de algumas variáveis sociodemográficas. A amostra, por conveniência, é constituída por 201 colaboradores da Delta Cafés, 90 (44.8%) do sexo masculino e 111 (55.2%) do sexo feminino, com idades entre os 19 e os 64 anos (M=39.49; DP=9.03). Para operacionalização da variável Liderança Virtuosa foi utilizado o Questionário da Liderança Virtuosa (QLV) de Rego e Cunha (2011), adaptado por Lopes e Araújo (2013) e para a variável Criatividade foi utilizado o TCT – DP (Test for Creative Thinking–Drawing Production), desenvolvido por K. Urban e H. Jellen (1996). Quanto aos principais resultados deste estudo, são os sujeitos com nível de escolaridade até ao 12º ano, de classe média menos instruída e que recebem feedback semanalmente aqueles que parecem percepcionar uma maior virtuosidade do líder no exercício da liderança, assim como os homens parecem evidenciar maiores níveis de criatividade e propensão para inovar. Ainda, os resultados indicam que não existe correlação entre os níveis de Liderança Virtuosa e Criatividade. Esta investigação aponta limitações e implicações, bem como pistas de investigação para estudos futuros.
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Xiao, Jihua. "Investigation of fiber splitting in side-by-side bicomponent meltblown nonwoven webs by additive applications." 2004. http://etd.utk.edu/2004/XiaoJihua.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2004.Title from title page screen (viewed Feb. 2, 2005). Thesis advisor: Dong Zhang. Document formatted into pages (xii, 91 p. : ill. (some col.)). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-90).
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Lu, Yi-Jen, and 陸義仁. "Interaction of Oscillating Flow with a Pair of Side-by-Side Square Cylinders." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29053870440909447762.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
92
The behaviour of vortices induced by a single square cylinder and a pair of side-by-side square cylinders in an oscillating flow is investigated. The flow patterns in the vicinity of square cylinders are visualized using the experimental approach and the numerical model. Meanwhile, force coefficients exerted on square cylinders are determined numerically. The results reveal that the flow patterns for an oscillating flow past a single cylinder can be divided into three modes: (i) a pair of attached vortices, (ii) a pair of separation and symmetric vortices, and (iii) vortex shedding as Keulegan-Carpenter number increases. Reynolds number does not affect the flow field apparently. In addition, the in-line force coefficient decreases exponentially as Keulegan-Carpenter number increases. For an oscillating flow past a pair of side-by-side cylinder, the gap ratio plays a vital role in the flow variation. The jet-like structure is found when fluids flow through the gap. In addition, the gap causes the earlier appearance of asymmetric vortex shedding. The in-line force and lift force coefficients of two square cylinders are determined numerically and analyzed using the spectrum analysis and phase diagrams. In terms of those results, the transition of the flow field from the order state to the chaotic state is demonstrated.
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Yen, G. H., and 顏光輝. "Investigations of Wake Flow Structures behind Two Circular Cylinders Arranged Side by Side." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85664554154417552646.
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Su, Jun-Hao, and 蘇俊豪. "Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer around Two Circular Cylinders in Side-by-Side Arrangement." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25846338996157961963.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
機械工程學所
91
Abstract The objective of this research is to investigate the flow interference and heat transfer phenomenon of a pair of identical circular cylinder, arranged side-by side in cross flow with various pitch ratios at Reynolds number of 1000. The analysis was performed by using the FLUENT software, the flow and temperature fields, jet deflection, flow interference, and the local and the average Nusselt numbers were studied in this research. It is observed that as the pitch ratios between 2.0 and 1.5, the jet emerging between cylinders deflects and forms one wide and one narrow wakes behind the cylinders. The gap flow velocity increases as the pitch ratio decreases and consequently increases the average Nusselt number of the cylinders. As the pitch ratio less than 1.5, the jet deflection is more severe and the gap flow velocity starts to decrease slowly. This results to reduce the average Nusselt number of the cylinders. Due to the reduction of the narrow wake width, the average Nusselt number of the cylinder with narrow wake shows an uprising tendency for the pitch ration less than 1.2.
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Li, Yilong, and 李易龍. "From looking behind to getting side by side－Adult son’s interpretation of father’s love." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04703038332913647388.
Full textAbstract:
碩士輔仁大學
兒童與家庭學系碩士班
99
From my experience and take it extended to other adult-son, the purpose of this research is trying to get realized that how they explain their affective interactions between them and their fathers. We invite three adult-sons who is at the period of earlier adult stage. We get the analyzed-information from half-structured interview of qualitative research. At last, we analyze the information by the way of narrative analyzed. Total invite 3 men to participate this research, age from 25~30. Collage graduated at least. "From behind to side by side" is a symbolic of the relationship in father and son. We find that not only time increasing can make them getting closer but also the grow up of their mind. They try to learn more about effective expression, and think maturely to each other. In adult sons’ mind, they take more empathy and positive thinking to understand the past of their fathers. It makes them realized more about their fathers, and lead their fathers to upgrowth themselves. The intimacy and right between father and son will be turned back because the sons’ interpretation of their fathers. We find that the research participators care more about getting "identification" from their fathers rather than getting warm. It shows that be identified is the most important thing in the affective interaction and sons do care about that. Comparing with before, fathers in now days show more inter-affection by saying and show how they love their family and their sons, and they will present it with humorous to avoid some unknown embarrassment in the family interaction. At last, we will provide our suggestion in practice and research ways. Key words: affective interaction, empathy, masculinity, exchange of intimacy and right
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"Building Applied Photovoltaic Arrays: Side-by-Side Array Comparison With and Without Fan Cooling." Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14365.
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abstract: Building Applied Photovoltaics (BAPV) form an essential part of today's solar economy. This thesis is an effort to compare and understand the effect of fan cooling on the temperature of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) modules by comparing two side-by-side arrays (test array and control array) under identical ambient conditions of irradiance, air temperature, wind speed and wind direction. The lower operating temperature of PV modules due to fan operation mitigates array non uniformity and improves on performance. A crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV module has a light to electrical conversion efficiency of 14-20%. So on a cool sunny day with incident solar irradiance of 1000 W/m2, a PV module with 15% efficiency, will produce about only 150 watts. The rest of the energy is primarily lost in the form of heat. Heat extraction methods for BAPV systems may become increasingly higher in demand as the hot stagnant air underneath the array can be extracted to improve the array efficiency and the extracted low-temperature heat can also be used for residential space heating and water heating. Poly c-Si modules experience a negative temperature coefficient of power at about -0.5% /o C. A typical poly c-Si module would experience power loss due to elevation in temperature, which may be in the range of 25 to 30% for desert conditions such as that of Mesa, Arizona. This thesis investigates the effect of fan cooling on the previously developed thermal models at Arizona State University and on the performance of PV modules/arrays. Ambient conditions are continuously monitored and collected to calculate module temperature using the thermal model and to compare with actually measured temperature of individual modules. Including baseline analysis, the thesis has also looked into the effect of fan on the test array in three stages of 14 continuous days each. Multiple Thermal models are developed in order to identify the effect of fan cooling on performance and temperature uniformity. Although the fan did not prove to have much significant cooling effect on the system, but when combined with wind blocks it helped improve the thermal mismatch both under low and high wind speed conditions.Dissertation/Thesis
M.S.Tech Engineering 2011
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TSA, Shin-shen, and 柴興生. "Mutual Interaction between Counterflow Flames over Binary Tsuji Burners in Side-by-Side Arrangement." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82975076847129592051.
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博士國立交通大學
機械工程系
91
This dissertation consists of two parts. The first one is to study the flame stabilization and lift-off over a Tsuji burner using a four-step chemical kinetics in the combustion model developed by Chen and Weng (1990A). The second part is to investigate the flame interference/interaction phenomena between two cylindrical burners in a side-by-side arrangement. A multi-block grid system is introduced to implement the model, however, one-step overall chemical kinetics is used in this part. For the single burner case, the parameters of interest are the inflow air velocity (Uin) and fuel-ejection area (S) of the cylindrical burner. Comparing the blow-off curve of Tsuji (1982) with that of Chen and Weng (1990) reveals that this simulation yields a much better prediction than that in the latter reference. Also, the present predictions have an excellent agreement with the measured data of Dreier et al. (1986). As Uin increases, the envelope diffusion flame, wake flame, lift-off flame, and wake flame appear in order before complete extinction. The formal wake flame is transformed from envelope one and the latter is from the lift-off flame. The existence of a lift-off flame is verified by a corresponding experimental observation (Chang, 2002). The maximal lift-off height is 1.7D when Uin is 1.05 m/sec, and this height is retained up to Uin = 1.09 m/sec. Then, the height declines gradually as the inflow velocity increases, whose process can be regarded as flashback. No recirculation flow exists behind the cylindrical burner for these lift-off flames. A transition from lift-off to wake flame occurs between 1.13 to 1.15 m/sec. The wake flame reappears at Uin = 1.16 m/sec. Finally, the flame is extinguished completely when Uin > 2.12 m/sec. An explanation for flame’s lifting off and dropping back is given. In the second part, a preliminary study for a cold flow over the twin cylinders is given first. Comparing the drag coefficient curve of Hori (1959) with the predicted one by the present study reveals that this simulation yields a reliable prediction. After that, a parametric study is given as well. For flame interference between dual cylindrical burners, comparison of the flame transition curve between Wang (1998) and Chen’s (2003) experiments and the present simulation indicates that this simulation can correctly predict the trend for the variation of flame transition velocity with intercylinder spacing. For the parametric studies, the interested ones are the intercylinder spacing (L) and inflow velocity (Uin), respectively. For flame interference, in general, the wider the intercylinder spacing, the lower the flame transition velocity, which transforms the envelope flame into the wake flame. However, the combustion efficiency increases with L. The twin envelope diffusion flames merge into a larger envelope diffusion flame completely as L is equal to or less than 1.5D. There is only one vortex behind each burner as L = 1.5D or 2D. However, no vortex is found behind in each burner as L = 1.2D. As L is equal to or greater than 3.5D, there is no interference at all between the two flames. The controlling mechanism of mutual interaction for twin counterflow diffusion flames is the oxygen deficiency between the dual flames. In the case of varying Uin under fixed L = 3D, as Uin increases to 0.79 m/sec, the dual envelope diffusion flames transform into dual wake flames. When Uin further increases to 1.96 m/sec, the dual wake flames extinguish. Raising the inflow velocity can enhance the mutual interaction between dual envelope flames. The larger the inflow velocity, the lower the flame temperature due to the flame stretch effect. Besides, there exist three vortices behind each cylinder as flames are near extinction, and this is quite different from another case. For fixed intercylinder spacing, the dual flames have a tendency to attract each other normally due to the mutual interaction between flames. However, as the inflow velocity increases to near extinction limit, the dual flames repel each other.
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ling-sao, kao, and 曹國樑. "INFLUENCE OF ARRANGEMENT POSITION ON FLOW DOWNSTREAM OF BLUFF BODIES ARRANGED SIDE BY SIDE." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12127640816320851826.
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碩士國立中正大學
機械系
91
Abstract The present paper investigates flow characteristics of influence of arrangement position on flow downstream of bluff bodies arranged side by side.The bluff bodies adopted include two-dimensional flat plates,square cylinders,and circular cylinders. The two-body arrangements are comprised arrangement position of flat plate and square cylinder, flat plate and circular cylinder.Two sets of models are adopted,these being bluff bodies with the same cross-setional dimension but with different vortex shedding frequencies,and bluff bodies with different cross-setional dimension but with the same vortex shedding frequency. The results demonstrate that the characteristics of flow downstream are significantly related to arrangement position and cross-settional geometry of the bluff body.the gap flow tends to deflect toward the narrow-wake side downstream of the two-body arrangement side by side.The biasing characteristic of the gap flow is relatively unstable as the widths of the wake downstream of each bluff body are nearly the same.
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Lin, Chun-Yu, and 林純瑜. "Numerical study on vortex shedding flows past a pair of side-by-side circular cylinders." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80327290880709865155.
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碩士國立暨南國際大學
土木工程學系
100
In this paper, a numerical analysis method to investigate the flow through a pair of parallel cylindrical different spacing than the ilk field, flow field is solved by the Navier-Stokes equation and continuity equation. The nested Cartesian grid method is developed for simulating unsteady. In combination with an effective immersed boundary method and a two-step fractional-step procedure, has been adopted to simulate the flows.Therefore,this article first systematic analytic flow through a pair of side-by-side circular flow field, to smooth things over selected Reynolds number (Re) between 40 and 100, and the spacing ratio (G) all of the flow field in the range of 0.4 to 1.4. Contains semi-single vortex shedding street、twin vortex shedding streets、symmetric、deflected、trembled、flip-flopped、steady state、vortex shedding periodically、vortex shedding quasi、by vortex confusion, vortex escape the flow field, such as diversification of the vortex to escape the flow structure, described the development of high efficiency and high accuracy, nested grids.Tested by the nested grid method to flow through symmetrically placed in the channel, the two circular cylindrical obstacle logistics field, to arrive at the average lift drag coefficient, the change of vortex escape, and thus accurately predict the occurrence of vortex escape critical Reynolds number.
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Wang, Sine-Jie, and 王信傑. "Wind tunnel study on the dispersion of two side by side sources interacting with fence." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62868196407339192908.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
河海工程學系
99
The experiments were conducted in the wind tunnel to measure the dispersion characteristics of the two side by side sources located before fence，Effects of the location of fence, gap of two sources, and source hight on the wind flow and dispersion characteristics were investigated. Experimental results show that:(1)The wind accelerated as it past the fence, then the wind speed decreased, due to blockage effect of the fence. Furthermore,the reverse flow appeared behind the fence.(2)When the gap of two sources was 18 times source diameter, two concentration plumes interacted and merged around at downstream distance of three times of source heights.
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Chen, Hsin-An, and 陳信安. "Wavelet Analysis on Locked-on Characteristics of Wake behind Two Side-by-Side Circular Cylinders." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64980514384816687526.
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碩士國立中興大學
機械工程學系
92
The experimental investigation is to study, based on wavelet analysis, the locked-on characteristics of wakes behind two side-by-side circular cylinders with various excitation frequencies in the low-speed water channel. Quantitative velocity measurements and qualitative dye flow visualization were performed by way of the LDA system and the laser sheet technique, respectively. In this study, two side-by-side circular cylinders has different diameters (d/D=1/2). The net gap ratio between two cylinders is 3D/4, and the Reynolds number based on the large cylinder diameter is 1160. One of the cylinders is perturbed in front of an oscillatory rotation about it’s center with a constant amplitude of tangential velocity. It is found that：(1) When the large cylinder is perturbed at various excitation frequencies, the locked-on band of the narrow and the wide wakes behind each cylinder tend to shift towards the natural shedding frequency of the individual cylinder. When the excited at proper frequency, both the wide and the narrow wakes behind two circular cylinders are locked-on simultaneously but at the distinct frequency. This is called double lock-on phenomena. (2) When the small cylinder is perturbed at various excitation frequencies, the locked-on bandwidth of the wide wakes is located with fe*=0.7~0.9. The locked-on bandwidth of the narrow wakes is located at fe*=2.2~3.2. And the double locked-on of both wakes happens to be within fe*=0.9~1.2. (3) By wavelet transformation and analysis, it is shown that the characteristics frequency of the gap flow is dominated by the frequency of narrow wake when unperturbed. However, the responding frequency in gap flow is dominated by the characteristics frequency of the wide wake when the wide wake is excited near it’s nature shedding frequency. This reveals the direct evidences of flow coupling between the wide and narrow wakes.
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Lee, Ming Chun, and 李鳴峻. "Study of wake flow structures behind two circular cylinders arranged side by side by using PIV and FLDV." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51403638939520689873.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
土木工程學系
89
This study experimentally investigated the fundamental characteristics of wake structures behind two circular cylinders aligned side by side with different net gap ratios, ranging from infinite to 0.25. The Reynolds number, according to cylinder diameter and free stream velocity, varied from 324 to 1080 in a uniform flow by using Particle image velocimetry (PIV), fiber laser Doppler velocimetry (FLDV), and two flow visualization techniques were used to explore this flow field. In the processes of experiment, PIV system is the major measurement equipment used to measure the whole velocity filed. And the present results show the drawings of velocity field with distinct net gap ratios and Reynolds numbers to compare with the flow-visualization photos, and to compute the length of the formation region and the bias angle of the gap flow according to those velocity data. At the last, this study synchronized to measure the cyclical processes of vortex evolution behind two circular cylinders by using PIV and FLDV systems at the same time. And then to analyze all transient velocity fields which are measured by PIV system into each phase- averaged velocity field in a cycle of the wake flow field by applying the modified phase-average method, and confer the characteristics which are changed according to time of wake flow field of circular cylinders.