Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sicurezza pubblica dell'Unione europea'
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BENEDETTO, F. DI. "LA PROTEZIONE DEI SETTORI STRATEGICI EUROPEI." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/345493.
Full textCavarzeran, Pietro <1991>. "Attività agricola e sicurezza alimentare nelle politiche dell'Unione Europea." Doctoral thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/17826.
Full textFORMICI, GIULIA. "BIG DATA TRA ESIGENZE SECURITARIE E DIRITTI ALLA RISERVATEZZA E ALLA PROTEZIONE DEI DATI: QUESTIONI NORMATIVE E GIURISPRUDENZIALI IN MATERIA DI DATA RETENTION." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/831332.
Full textInternational terrorism, together with serious and transnational crimes has dramatically influenced the political and legislative debate, underling the necessity to adopt efficient instruments able to ensure a high level of security. At the same time, technological progress and technical innovations, based on the enormous amount of data (so-called Big Data) daily produced particularly through the use of telecommunications, as well as on sophisticated Artificial Intelligence systems, have created important instruments in the hands of public authorities, also for security purposes. Notwithstanding the great potentialities, it is important to detect and consider the serious risks and dangers these instruments could cause on the effective protection of fundamental rights, with particular regard to the right to privacy and data protection: a substantive violation of these rights, by consequently jeopardizing the guarantee and enjoyment of other fundamental rights such as freedom of expression or freedom of association, could ultimately endanger the very democratic nature of our societies. The affirmation of the complex and debated trio, to be identified in the strict connection between Big Data, security and privacy, represent one of the most significant and relevant challenges Legislators and Courts are asked to face, in the effort of balancing security needs in times of stress and fundamental rights’ protection. The present work aims at critically analyzing the complex relationship between the different elements composing the above-mentioned trio through the exam of a specific case study: the data retention regime, consisting of the retention and the subsequent possible access to retained data and metadata by law enforcement or intelligence agencies for security purposes. By restricting the analysis only to the European Union context, the present thesis will examine the legislative evolution as well as the most relevant European Court of Justice (ECJ) case law, by paying particular attention to the difficulties in approving a harmonized legislation on data retention at the EU level. The study will start, first of all, with the analysis of the so called e-Privacy Directive (Directive 2002/58/EC), giving the Member States the possibility to adopt national legislation establishing a data retention regime; secondly, the controversial Data Retention Directive will be examined: this legislation imposed Member States to oblige service providers to retain, in bulk, all metadata deriving from all telecommunications, related to the totality of users. The complex debate and the profound doubts and concerns expressed at the EU level by various authorities in the legislative process concerning the adoption of the DRD, together with the difficulties Member States faced in the implementation of the EU legislation, ultimately led to numerous references for preliminary rulings to the ECJ. In their decisions, the EU Judges dealt with many controversial and difficult aspects connected to the data retention regime and its limits, from the legal basis to the correct application of the principle of conferral, to the proportionality and necessity of the measures and obligations imposed. The famous landmark cases pronounced by the ECJ didn’t solve or clarify all the difficult and problematic issues linked to the data retention discipline as well as to the access regulation, as testified by a wide range of preliminary rulings still pending before the ECJ. The present work also aims at analyzing this complex topic through the public comparative law lenses, by studying the differences or similarities in the approaches and legislative choices made by three specific and selected Member States: Belgium, United Kingdom (also considering the Brexit process) and Italy. The comparative analysis will offer the opportunity to deepen the knowledge on the peculiar national approaches and on the most relevant case law of national Courts dealing with data retention regulation and determining different interpretations and applications of the criteria established at the EU level. The present work represents an opportunity to profoundly study the challenges and issues the EU Institutions as well as the Member States confronted with, in the difficult effort to find a proper balance between security needs and fundamental rights’ protection, by paying attention to the possible future developments and to the consequences related the ECJ case law both in the EU internal dimension and in the external one, looking at the complex regulation of the data transfer outside EU borders. The present research will also focus on the rather unexplored aspect of the impacts of the EU legislation and ECJ decisions affecting the EU Member States: their choices and solutions, representing different approaches to the analyzed challenges, are strictly interrelated to the EU developments, essentially based on the ECJ activism in the privacy and data protection field and, at the same time, on the inaction and lack of decisions taken by the EU legislator. The multilevel dialogue and the difficulties both the EU and the Member States addressed are a clear manifestation of the complexity and delicacy of the research topic, in which a precise recognition of the EU law scope of application demonstrated to be even more complicated and challenging.
Civello, Conigliaro Silvio. "Il diritto penale dell'unione Europea tra sicurezza e diritti fondamentali." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100036.
Full textThe research analyses the development of criminal law and policies of the European Union, assuming that the pursuit of security and the protection of fundamental rights have been its main driving forces and principal justifications for criminalisation.It aims, therefore to clarify what “security” and “fundamental rights” mean in this context, and to show how EU intervention in criminal field, following security and fundamental rights policies, affected and reshaped the traditional principles and categories of substantive criminal law.The research try to identify some coordinates to clarify the nature and limits of security as a protected legal interest and the purpose of protection of fundamental rights in their complex interrelationship, and their role in the Common area of Freedom, Security and Justice - which is being built by the Union also through the harmonisation of criminal law.The starting point is the marked expansive trend in criminal matters due to the current conditions of the State and of representative democracy, typical of the contemporary society.After making some preliminary considerations on western postmodern “risk” society, to highlight the challenges faced by the traditional assumptions of the liberal theory of jus puniendi, I will evaluate the evolution of principle and fundamental categories of criminal law, whose structure is being put under pressure by European harmonisation.The research belongs to the field of criminal law and EU law theory. It extensively rely on influential scholarly analysis developed in those fields and on the analysis of the relevant provisions of the Treaties and secondary EU sources, as well as on the most relevant rulings from the ECJ, also trying to pull out some broad considerations form the political and institutional document produced by the Commission, the EP and the Council of the EU
Paladini, Luca <1970>. "Gli accordi di politica estera e di sicurezza comune dell'Unione Europea." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/109/1/tesi_paladini_pdf.pdf.
Full textPaladini, Luca <1970>. "Gli accordi di politica estera e di sicurezza comune dell'Unione Europea." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/109/.
Full textBazzocchi, Valentina. "I diritti fondamentali nello spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia dell'Unione Europea." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STR30007.
Full textThe Area of freedom, security and justice has increasingly become one of the fundamental objectives of the European Union. This is often analysed for the benefits that it will guarantee to the European citizens as well as to all the individuals within its territory. However, this Area has a “dark side”, namely the limits that for its own nature it might entail to individual rights. This research aims at assessing whether the acts adopted in this Area guarantee a balance between the need of security and the need of protection of individual rights. References that have been used are the ECHR, the Charter of fundamental rights of the eu and the case law of the European Court and the Court of Justice. From an analysis of the legislation that has implications on data protection; a trend has emerged to consider the security aspect as a priority. From an analysis of the legislation on the procedural rights, a trend has emerged to develop the repressive aspect of criminal law. The absence of a complete system of judicial remedies in the third pillar is limit that the national judges and the European court can only partially overcome. A treaty’s reform is therefore necessary, also in order to limit interpillar conflicts. Only a parallel development of the needs of security and of protection of individual rights can ensure the achievement of a real Area of freedom, security and justice of EU
Bazzocchi, Valentina <1976>. "I diritti fondamentali nello spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia dell'Unione Europea." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/502/1/TesiValentinaBazzocchi.pdf.
Full textBazzocchi, Valentina <1976>. "I diritti fondamentali nello spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia dell'Unione Europea." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/502/.
Full textLOZZI, NICOLE. "POLITICHE DELLA SICUREZZA E ALLERTE ALIMENTARI NELL'UNIONE EUROPEA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/777.
Full textThe idea of research comparing the legal and policy choices which form the basis for the current agrofood safety systems derive from the observation of several cases of “food emergency”(such as BSE, dioxin contamination , bird flu, GMOs) and food alert, which occurred in the recent European history and have caused reactions and worries in public opinion. The study of the above mentioned events and the reflection upon the attitudes and the decisions about food safety made by the European Union institutions raised many different questions. First of all I wondered if this is only a European phenomenon or if it may also apply to overseas countries like the USA. I also wanted to investigate about science regulation policies ruling the safety system born to face feared or evident risks for public health (as a consequence of BSE), i.e. to understand how scientific knowledge is used in legal and policy choices and which are the political and social consequences. In effect, the emergencies, risks and uncertainties caused by the social implementation of science have increased the gap between society and institutions both at national and community level, generating mistrust not so much of scientific and technological progress but of the institutions themselves. The public isn’t only worried about “safety” meant as the likelihood of a damage occurring, but also about the unexpected social effects neglected by the institutions. Europe expressed its concerns about these situations by trying to fill the gap from different perspectives : • new governance of science; • subsequent new regulatory and policy model of science; • expertise and its credibility; • more collective decision making processes Such steps are fundamental to generate and new idea of science governance which connects the need of a more democratic science with that of a more involving society . The Democratization of science implies the acquisition by institutions of several scientific opinions involving all of the aspects of knowledge in order to obtain decisions making processes meeting social needs and, consequently, closer to citizens.
Amato, Rosanna <1981>. "La cooperazione giudiziaria in rete nello spazio di liberta', sicurezza e giustizia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6596/1/Rosanna_Amato-La_cooperazione_giudiziaria_in_rete_nello_spazio_LSG.pdf.
Full textThis thesis deals with the legal analysis of the network-based model of cooperation between national authorities of the EU Member States within the Area of Freedom Security and Justice – AFSJ. The aim is to evaluate the contribution and the potential of such a model. The dissertation is divided into two parts, which are preceded by an introductory section dealing with the analysis of the notion of network and its legal value. With a view to provide a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, the first part intends to portray the emergence of networking between judicial and law enforcement authorities. In this part, also the driving factors (both legal and structure-related), which have triggered such a process are highlighted. In particular, attention is paid to both the legal instruments applying the principle of mutual recognition and those applying the principle of availability. The rationale is to identify the obstacles hindering the effective implementation of the cooperation procedures and to understand the role played by networks in this respect. The second part of the dissertation analyses the main networks operating in the justice and security fields, with a special focus on the features characterizing these flexible arrangements and their methods of operation. The dissertation is divided into two parts reviewing a) networks supporting the effective application of both the mutual assistance procedures and the legal instruments implementing the principle of mutual recognition and b) networks dealing with the informative cooperation, ensuring a faster exchange of law enforcement information across national borders. Special attention is paid to networks dealing with the economic dimension of crime. Finally, the main features of a “European network model of cooperation” are identified as well as the role played by such a model in respect to the exercise of the EU competences in the AFSJ.
Amato, Rosanna <1981>. "La cooperazione giudiziaria in rete nello spazio di liberta', sicurezza e giustizia." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6596/.
Full textThis thesis deals with the legal analysis of the network-based model of cooperation between national authorities of the EU Member States within the Area of Freedom Security and Justice – AFSJ. The aim is to evaluate the contribution and the potential of such a model. The dissertation is divided into two parts, which are preceded by an introductory section dealing with the analysis of the notion of network and its legal value. With a view to provide a deeper understanding of this phenomenon, the first part intends to portray the emergence of networking between judicial and law enforcement authorities. In this part, also the driving factors (both legal and structure-related), which have triggered such a process are highlighted. In particular, attention is paid to both the legal instruments applying the principle of mutual recognition and those applying the principle of availability. The rationale is to identify the obstacles hindering the effective implementation of the cooperation procedures and to understand the role played by networks in this respect. The second part of the dissertation analyses the main networks operating in the justice and security fields, with a special focus on the features characterizing these flexible arrangements and their methods of operation. The dissertation is divided into two parts reviewing a) networks supporting the effective application of both the mutual assistance procedures and the legal instruments implementing the principle of mutual recognition and b) networks dealing with the informative cooperation, ensuring a faster exchange of law enforcement information across national borders. Special attention is paid to networks dealing with the economic dimension of crime. Finally, the main features of a “European network model of cooperation” are identified as well as the role played by such a model in respect to the exercise of the EU competences in the AFSJ.
Calzolari, L. "RISARCIMENTO DEL DANNO DA ILLECITO ANTICONCORRENZIALE E TECNICHE ALTERNATIVE DI APPLICAZIONE PUBBLICA DELLA NORMATIVA ANTITRUST." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/345986.
Full textLA, PORTA BEATRICE. "NOVEL FOOD: LA NORMATIVA DELL'UNIONE EUROPEA TRA SICUREZZA ALIMENTARE, SFIDE DELLA TECNICA E TUTELA DELL'AFFIDAMENTO." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/57797.
Full textThe last decades' lawmaking in the food field highlights the increasing attention towards science and got lawyers rethinking about the link existing between law and science. In a progression of the European legislator's sensitivity to guarantee the market as well as the food consumers and their safety, the EU legislation on novel foods has tried to balance food innovation and the multiple needs of operators and consumers who require products with increasingly more defined characteristics and suitable to satisfy a wide range of preferences. If "the capacity of the technique is the effective power to achieve goals and to satisfy needs indefinitely" is easy to understand how the novel food turns out to be a paradigmatic case of an encounter between science, market needs and juridical rules. Furthermore, the increasing interest in the food sector raises the question of which methods of regulation of scientific innovations apply.
Corbo, Matteo. "Il "Giusto processo" amministrativo - La tutela giurisdizionale dell'individuo nei confronti della Pubblica Amministrazione alla luce del diritto dell'Unione europea e della Convenzione europea dei diritti dell'uomo." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424203.
Full textL'indagine oggetto di questo lavoro concerne le garanzie processuali di cui gode l'individuo nell'ambito del processo amministrativo italiano, e, più specificamente le garanzie ricavabili dalla Convenzione europea per la salvaguardia dei diritti dell'uomo e delle libertà fondamentali e dal di-ritto dell'Unione europea. La CEDU ed il diritto dell'Unione Europea (quest'ultimo soprattutto attraverso la Carta dei diritti fondamentali) predispongono infatti una serie di garanzie processuali il cui rispetto contraddistingue quello che viene comunemente indicato come "giusto processo". Il processo amministrativo presenta però alcune peculiarità che pongono, nell'applicazione di tali garanzie, non poche questioni. Infatti, la Pubblica amministrazione (parte necessaria di tale giudizio), già nella fase procedimentale (e dunque ben prima dell'instaurazione di un eventuale contenzioso), è vincolata al rispetto di determinati principi, posti dalla legge, dalla Costituzione, dalla CEDU e dal diritto dell'Unione, nell'ottica di realizzare una sorta di "giusto procedimento amministrativo"; l'agire amministrativo dovrebbe dunque essere già di per sé "legittimo". Inoltre, mentre il ricorrente persegue un proprio (legittimo) interesse individuale, leso dal provvedimento impugnato o comunque dall'illegittimo comportamento posto in essere dalla Pubblica amministrazione, il fine perseguito da quest'ultima è quello dell'interesse della collettività. Il processo amministrativo presenta dunque un profilo di asimmetria fra le posizioni delle parti in causa, originato tanto dalla presunzione di legittimità dell'azione amministrativa, quanto dall'interesse pubblico ad essa sotteso, tale per cui, nell'ordinamento italiano, così come nella maggioranza degli Stati europei, esso è sempre stato distinto dal processo civile. Il problema del bilanciamento fra valori, fondamentale criterio di valutazione tanto della Corte costituzionale, quanto della Corte EDU e della Corte di giustizia, si pone dunque in tale ambito in maniera assolutamente peculiare: fino a che punto tutelare i diritti processuali dei singoli, nel momento in cui la tutela in questione va inevitabilmente a collidere con l'interesse pubblico tutelato dalla Pubblica Amministrazione, il quale a sua volta si sostanzia nella difesa di altri valori fondamentali, tutelati anch'essi dalla Costituzione, dalla CEDU e dal diritto dell'Unione? Nel corso di questo lavoro si analizza quindi il modo attraverso il quale la Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo e la Corte di giustizia affrontano tale difficile bilanciamento, concentrandosi in particolare sulla giurisprudenza relativa al diritto processuale amministrativo italiano. Inoltre, una particolare attenzione viene posta al modo in cui i giudici italiani, costituzionale, di legittimità e di merito, si pongono nei confronti della giurisprudenza di tali corti, riscontrando l'esistenza fra le giurisdizioni proprie dei vari livelli di un rapporto dialettico, nell'ambito del quale si alternano momenti di dialogo e di rottura. L'obbiettivo è quindi quello di rinvenire, all'esito di tale analisi, una nozione europea di giusto processo amministrativo e di analizzare in quale maniera essa si cali in concreto nell'ordinamento italiano. In tal senso, non si può certo trascurare l'oggettivo sforzo compiuto dal legislatore che, attraverso la riforma dell'art. 111 della Costituzione e l'entrata in vigore del Codice del processo amministrativo (c.p.a.), ha mostrato di voler recepire nel nostro sistema processuale i principi del giusto processo così delineati, (anche) attraverso un allineamento del livello di tutela garantito nel processo civile e nel processo amministrativo. Tuttavia, nonostante tale impegno, continuano a permanere nell'ordinamento italiano situazioni di evidente vantaggio in favore della Pubblica Amministrazione. Il lavoro si articola in tre capitoli. Nel primo, dopo una panoramica sugli obblighi di carattere universale idonei ad incidere sul processo amministrativo in Europa, si cerca di determinare quali garanzie presenti nella CEDU e nel diritto dell'Unione europea (e, particolarmente, nella Carta dei diritti) siano applicabili al processo amministrativo. Nel secondo, l'oggetto dell'indagine si concentra sulle modalità attraverso le quali l'ordinamento italiano si adatta alle garanzie processuali della CEDU e dell'Unione, nonchè sulle possibili intersezioni (tanto in ottica di conflitto quanto di integrazione) fra tali garanzie oppure fra di esse e la Costituzione, senza prescindere da un approfondimento sul coordinamento processuale della giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia, della Corte EDU e della Corte costituzionale. Nel terzo capitolo, infine, dopo una breve presentazione del sistema italiano di riparto di giurisdizione, l'indagine si focalizza sulla maniera in cui le giurisdizioni interne, internazionali e dell'Unione abbiano effettuato il delicato bilanciamento che è oggetto di questo lavoro, presentando alcune questioni problematiche che si pongono in concreto nell'applicazione del principio del giusto processo nel sistema processuale amministrativo italiano. Per fare questo, si indicano alcune possibili soluzioni rispetto a determinate questioni interpretative ancora irrisolte nel nostro diritto nazionale, oppure rispetto a situazioni di palese incompatibilità dell'ordinamento italiano col principio del giusto processo, attraverso un'interpretazione delle norme interne orientata alla tutela dei diritti umani. All'esito di tale percorso, così delineati gli elementi in campo, sarà per il lettore possibile comprendere se il processo di allargamento dei diritti degli individui nel processo amministrativo sia arrivato ad uno stabile punto di mediazione fra opposti interessi, oppure debba piuttosto continuare, andando a toccare gli ambiti dove ancora alla Pubblica Amministrazione è riservata una situazione di privilegio, legata alle sue indubbie peculiarità.
SALVI, Laura. "PROCESSI DECISIONALI SCIENCE-BASED NELL’UNIONE EUROPEA: IL RUOLO DEGLI ORGANI TECNICO-SCIENTIFICI E DELLA COMMISSIONE NELLA REGOLAZIONE DEL RISCHIO. IL PARADIGMA DEL DIRITTO ALIMENTARE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388785.
Full textDeana, Alessia. "protezione dei dati personali e tutela della sicurezza pubblica: la prospettiva europea sul caso apple vs fbi e la strage di san bernardino." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textTomasi, L. "La tutela comunitaria della vita familiare tra mercato interno e spazio di libertà, sicurezza e giustizia." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/52020.
Full textPORFILIO, AMELIO. "Il welfare state incontra l’Unione europea: dalla costituzione economica europea ad un modello sociale europeo." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/807.
Full textThe thesis examines the relationship between European Union and Welfare State under three different perspectives. Firstly, it looks at the EEC as an organization pursuing economic integration of Member States while not interfering with their welfare function. In tracing the evolution of the social competences of the European Union, it is highlighted how the original logic still underlies the existence of procedural and substantive limits to those competences. Second, the thesis draws on the category of European economic constitution to explain how Member States bounded their sovereignty in order to give full effect to economic freedom. On that basis, the thesis describes some of the inroads made by the European economic constitution into national welfare states, with special attention to its effects on pension systems. Finally, the thesis looks at some of the innovations introduced by the Lisbon Strategy and the Lisbon Treaty, focusing on the strengthening of the Open Method of Co-ordination and the entry into force of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. In this perspective, the thesis captures the emergence of a European social model. Having discussed origins and development of the European social model, its main distinctive features and reflexes on domestic social policies are spelled out.
PIROZZI, NICOLETTA. "L'UNIONE EUROPEA E LA GESTIONE DELLE CRISI DOPO LISBONA: UN NUOVO MODELLO PER AFFRONTARE LE SFIDE ALLA SICUREZZA NEL XXI SECOLO?" Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1803.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to assess what kind of crisis management model the European Union (EU) has elaborated through the adoption and implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon and what is the impact produced by its interaction with the international security context. The analysis is conducted at three different levels: (1) strategic – elaboration or review of concepts, policies and framework documents; (2) institutional – establishment or reorganization of structures and decision-making process; (3) operational – planning and conduct of civilian and military missions on the ground. The final aim is to evaluate whether the EU’s approach to crisis management will be able to face up possible future scenarios and how this model might be improved on the basis of most recent experiences.
GENNARO, Giancarlo. "LA GOVERNANCE ECONOMICA DELL’U.E.: I VINCOLI COMUNITARI GRAVANTI SULLA DETERMINAZIONE DEI PRINCIPI DI COORDINAMENTO DELLA FINANZA PUBBLICA E SULLA ARMONIZZAZIONE DEL SISTEMA TRIBUTARIO NAZIONALE, NELLA PROSPETTIVA DI ATTUAZIONE DEL FEDERALISMO FISCALE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91202.
Full textPAGANIZZA, Valeria. "RASFF (Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed) Lo scambio rapido di informazioni nel settore degli alimenti e dei mangimi, tra prassi e diritto." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2388865.
Full textPLANCHENSTAINER, FRANCESCO. "La gestione delle crisi e delle emergenze alimentari: un'analisi comparativa multilivello del quadro giuridico europeo e statunitense." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2472.
Full textThis dissertation analyses the management of food safety emergencies and crises in the US and the EU adopting a threefold perspective (i.e., public authorities, industry, consumers). Food safety emergencies and crises are highly burdensome events that may leave behind high fatalities tolls and severe economic consequences. Crises and emergencies are the outcome of both the increasing complexity of the food chain and the growing scientific uncertainty that modern societies are called to face. While it is impracticable to eradicate these events, countries may build prevention and preparedness in advance. This work attempts to capture an original way the role covered by different stakeholder in crises preparedness and response. The dissertation also aims to demonstrate that food safety crises are increasingly at the intersection between Public Health, animal health and food safety. The first chapter provides a case history of the most relevant food safety crises in the last two decades. From the BSE scandal that hit Europe in 1996 to the most recent E.coli outbreak in Germany of 2011, the events are analyzed in a comparative way as to point out the essential features of food safety crises. The second chapter canvasses the role played by public authorities, industry and consumer in food safety incidents. In the attempt to define crises and emergencies, a review of most important theories from organizational literature is provided, with an emphasis on the importance of scientific uncertainty. The chapter deals with stakeholders’ different perspectives outlining the interest at stake and describing at the same time stakeholders’ behavior vis-à-vis food related risks. The fourth chapter represents the core of the dissertation analyzing the legal framework of the US and the EU. The dissertation considers not only food safety provisions but also Public Health provisions describing rights and duties of the subjects involves in these events. The chapter focuses also on the problem of information at the intersection with different aspirations (e.g., the right to know and confidentiality). The dissertation ends with some concluding remarks suggesting possible solution to solve the mentioned shortcomings.
Fornaciari, B. "LA DIRETTIVA 2012/13/UE SUL DIRITTO ALL'INFORMAZIONE.LA CONOSCENZA NEL PROCESSO PENALE FRA UNIONE EUROPEA E ORDINAMENTO INTERNO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/369477.
Full textThe present research examines the European Directive on the right to information in criminal proceedings (Directive 2012/13/EU, hereinafter ‘the Directive’), assessing the impact that it is likely to have on the Italian legal system. Before analyzing the legislation, the thesis provides an historical overview of the status of human rights safeguards in the EU and a description of its multi-layered system of protection. Starting from the early ECJ case law setting out a ‘human rights theory’, the research moves on to consider the Charter of Nice and the development of a European Area of Criminal Justice, until the Stockholm Program and the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. In addition, it addresses the question as to whether and to what extent the directives ‘of new generation’ based on art. 82 par. 2 TFEU bring an added value to the aforementioned human rights protection system. Chapters 2 and 3 of the research focus on the analysis of the legislation and on the three meanings that the Directive attaches to the right to information in criminal proceedings, namely, the right to information about rights, the right to information about accusation, and the right to information about case file. The effort is shedding some light on the most innovative prescriptions, while at the same time highlighting how much the EU legislation owes to the ECtHR case law, which is used as a yardstick for the evaluation and interpretation of the Directive. Finally, Chapter 4 addresses the Italian implementing legislation (d. lgs. 101/2014) and the impact of the Directive on our legal system. It finds that the NIM is highly unsatisfactory, as the Italian legislator has failed to comply with the most innovative EU standards. In this regard, the research illustrates the impact of EU prescriptions on the jurisdiction of national judges, in particular, the impact of the ‘new’ right to information about accusation. It concludes that Italian judges can (in)directly apply ECtHR case law standards due the direct effect of the Directive (which can be regarded as an ‘ECtHR case-law codification’).
FRATERRIGO, Claudia. "LA DISCIPLINA DEL SETTORE ENERGETICO IN UN SISTEMA MULTILIVELLO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/91189.
Full textTriggiani, Maurizio. "Integration of machine learning techniques in chemometrics practices." Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/237998.
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