Journal articles: 'Sickness / Illness'

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&NA;. "Sickness Insurance (or Prepaid Illness Care)." American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 70, no. 1 (December 1991): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002060-199112000-00001.

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Biocca, Frank. "Will Simulation Sickness Slow Down the Diffusion of Virtual Environment Technology?" Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 1, no. 3 (January 1992): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.3.334.

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The widespread diffusion of immersive virtual environments (VE) is threatened by persistent reports that some users experience simulation sickness, a form of motion sickness that accompanies extended use of the medium. Experience with the problem of simulation sickness is most extensive in the military where the illness has accompanied the use of various simulators since the 1950s. This article considers the obstacles presented by simulation sickness to the diffusion of VE systems, its physiological and technological causes, and, finally, the remedies that have been suggested to fix the problems. This issue is also considered in light of previous reports of purported illnesses that accompanied the diffusion of other communication technologies.

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Hatab, Lawrence J. "Nietzsche on Sickness and Health." Agonist 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/agon.v15i1.1433.

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Living in the time of a pandemic, where illness has become a prominent concern, it might do well to consider Nietzsche’s thinking on sickness and health, which is far from a clear-cut delineation and calls for careful and circumspect analysis. I begin by distinguishing three types of sickness and health: physical, psychological, and cultural, where health in each type can initially be understood as flourishing unimpaired by sickness. Physical illness involves some infirmity of the body, such as cancer or viral infection. Psychological illness is some malady of the mind, such as depression. Cultural illness is the kind of thing emphasized by Nietzsche and involves a worldview that is symptomatic of life denial and nihilism when measured against natural life instincts, energies, and needs—for instance, the story Nietzsche tells about slave morality and its production of the ascetic ideal that has contaminated Western thought.

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Harvey, Samuel B., Min-Jung Wang, Sarah Dorrington, Max Henderson, Ira Madan, Stephani L. Hatch, and Matthew Hotopf. "NIPSA: a new scale for measuring non-illness predictors of sickness absence." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 75, no. 2 (October 4, 2017): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2017-104382.

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ObjectivesWe describe the development and initial validation of a new scale for measuring non-illness factors that are important in predicting occupational outcomes, called the NIPSA (non-illness predictors of sickness absence) scale.MethodsForty-two questions were developed which covered a broad range of potential non-illness-related risk factors for sickness absence. 682 participants in the South East London Community Health study answered these questions and a range of questions regarding both short-term and long-term sickness absence. Factor analysis was conducted prior to examining the links between each identified factor and sickness absence outcomes.ResultsExploratory factor analysis using the oblique rotation method suggested the questionnaire should contain 26 questions and extracted four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1: perception of psychosocial work environment (factor 1), perceived vulnerability (factor 2), rest-focused attitude towards recovery (factor 3) and attitudes towards work (factor 4). Three of these factors (factors 1, 2 and 3) showed significant associations with long-term sickness absence measures (p<0.05), meaning a final questionnaire that included 20 questions with three subscales.ConclusionsThe NIPSA is a new tool that will hopefully allow clinicians to quickly assess for the presence of non-illness factors that may be important in predicting occupational outcomes and tailor treatments and interventions to address the barriers identified. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a scale focused on transdiagnostic, non-illness-related predictors of sickness absence has been developed.

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Ojeda, Jonathan T., Paul J. Silvia, and Brittany S. Cassidy. "Mental Representations of Sickness Positively Relate to Adaptive Health Behaviors." Evolutionary Psychology 20, no. 3 (July 2022): 147470492211094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14747049221109452.

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An ecological approach to social perception states that impressions of faces have functional value in that they guide adaptive behavior ensuring people's survival. For example, people may avoid others whose faces appear sick to avoid an illness representing a survival threat. We broadened the ecological approach in the current work by examining whether merely thinking about what illnesses on faces look like (i.e., how sickness on faces is represented) holds functional value in guiding behavior to ensure survival. Using an example of a real illness threat as proof of concept, we showed that people self-reported performing more adaptive health behaviors in response to COVID-19 if they had sicker representations of COVID-19 on faces (Experiment 1a). These sicker representations of COVID-19 on faces explained, in part, a positive relation between perceptions of COVID-19 as threatening and people's self-reported adaptive health behaviors. We then replicated these patterns when experimentally manipulating illness threat (Experiment 1b). We found that people expected more adaptive health behaviors and had sicker representations of illness on faces in response to illness threats that were more relative to less threatening. These findings suggest that mentally representing sickness on faces is enough to guide people's behaviors in response to illness threats.

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Hennessy, Michael B., Patricia A. Schiml-Webb, and Terrence Deak. "Separation, Sickness, and Depression." Current Directions in Psychological Science 18, no. 4 (August 2009): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2009.01641.x.

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Studies of prolonged separation from the attachment figure that were conducted with infant monkeys during the middle of the 20th century identified a passive behavioral response, termed “despair,” that appeared to model human depressive illness. Studies in guinea pigs, which exhibit filial attachment that resembles attachment in monkeys, have described a similar passive response to briefer periods of maternal separation. Recent evidence indicates that elements of the immune system mediate the passive behavioral response of guinea pigs. These findings accord well with current ideas that immune responses contribute to depressive illness, suggest new hypotheses about how maternal separation might promote depression, and give us a rodent model in which such hypotheses might be tested.

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Jany Shabu, S. L., Maram Sai Nithin, Medepalli Santhosh, M. S. Roobini, K. Mohana Prasad, and L. K. Joshila Grace. "Skin Disease Prediction." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 3458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9210.

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As of late, skin diseases are expanded in people. Skin illnesses are brought about by microscopic organisms or because of contaminations. A portion of the skin illnesses resemble ring worm, yeast disease, sensitivities and so on are increments and spread over skin step by step. So this sort of maladies ought to be distinguished in its previous stage to abstain from spreading. It tends to be distinguished utilizing a few variables like clinical parameters which are considered for recognizing the infection. The conceivable skin sicknesses in various ages are dermatitis in age 0–5 years, moles influences in 6–11 years age, and skin inflammation vulgaris in 12–16 years age. Dermatomyositis is a sort of skin illness that influences youngsters at age of 5–15 and grown-up at 40–60 age. Right now, objective is to give a device to help experts and buyers in finding and picking sickness. To accomplish this objective, we build up a methodology that permits a client to inquiry for disease that fulfil a lot of conditions dependent on sickness properties, for example, infection signs.

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Luks, Andrew M., Erik R. Swenson, and Peter Bärtsch. "Acute high-altitude sickness." European Respiratory Review 26, no. 143 (January 31, 2017): 160096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0096-2016.

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At any point 1–5 days following ascent to altitudes ≥2500 m, individuals are at risk of developing one of three forms of acute altitude illness: acute mountain sickness, a syndrome of nonspecific symptoms including headache, lassitude, dizziness and nausea; high-altitude cerebral oedema, a potentially fatal illness characterised by ataxia, decreased consciousness and characteristic changes on magnetic resonance imaging; and high-altitude pulmonary oedema, a noncardiogenic form of pulmonary oedema resulting from excessive hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction which can be fatal if not recognised and treated promptly. This review provides detailed information about each of these important clinical entities. After reviewing the clinical features, epidemiology and current understanding of the pathophysiology of each disorder, we describe the current pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to the prevention and treatment of these diseases.

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Hofmann, Bj�rn. "On the Triad Disease, Illness and Sickness." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 27, no. 6 (December 1, 2002): 651–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/jmep.27.6.651.13793.

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Slama, T. G. "Serum sickness-like illness associated with ciprofloxacin." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 34, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 904–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.34.5.904.

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Susser, Mervyn. "Disease, illness, sickness; impairment, disability and handicap." Psychological Medicine 20, no. 3 (August 1990): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700016974.

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Reynolds, Sharon Elizabeth, and Lorna Schumann. "The Illness of Ascent: Acute Mountain Sickness." Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 9, no. 11 (November 1997): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.1997.tb01018.x.

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Bell, April J., Zelda Arku, Ashura Bakari, Samuel A. Oppong, Jessica Youngblood, Richard M. Adanu, and Cheryl A. Moyer. "‘This sickness is not hospital sickness’: a qualitative study of the evil eye as a source of neonatal illness in Ghana." Journal of Biosocial Science 52, no. 2 (June 17, 2019): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932019000312.

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AbstractPrevious research has described the evil eye as a source of illness for pregnant women and their newborns. This study sought to explore the perceptions of the evil eye among mothers whose newborns had experienced a life-threatening complication across three regions of Ghana. As part of a larger, quantitative study, trained research assistants identified pregnant and newly delivered women (and their newborns) who had survived a life-threatening complication at three tertiary care hospitals in southern Ghana to participate in open-ended, qualitative interviews about their experiences in March–August 2015. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim into English and analysis using the constant comparative method of theme generation. A total of 37 mothers were interviewed, 20 about neonatal illnesses and 17 about maternal illnesses. Six of the 20 mothers interviewed about their newborn’s illnesses spoke at length about the evil eye being a potential cause of newborn illness. The evil eye was described in a variety of terms, but commonalities included a person looking at a pregnant woman, her newborn baby, the baby’s clothes and even the mother’s food, causing harm, even unintentionally. Prevention required mothers covering themselves while pregnant and keeping the baby away from others until it was old enough to ward off the evil eye. Treatment required traditional medicine, yet some indicated that allopathic medicine could help. The evil eye appears to serve a social control mechanism, encouraging pregnant women to dress modestly, stay indoors as much as possible and behave appropriately. The evil eye is a pervasive, universally understood phenomenon across three regions of Ghana, even amongst a hospitalized population receiving allopathic health care for life-threatening complications of childbirth. Understanding the role of the evil eye in newborn illness attribution is important for clinicians, researchers and programmatic staff to effectively address barriers to care seeking.

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Pelezneva, Natalia. "Illness as a space of communication between man and God as perceived by the Old Russian scribe (11–13th cc.)." St.Tikhons' University Review 105 (April 29, 2022): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturii2022105.11-30.

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Based on Old Russian literary sources of 11-13th cc., this paper examines how illness was perceived in the Middle Ages. This research concentrates on a certain perception type (“communication illness”) and describes its distinctive features. This type of sickness integrates several versions of the medieval illness etiology, including “illness as a punishment” and “illness as a trial”. The author suggests that an Old Russian scribe considered “communication illness” as a message from God. The circumstances of the illness allowed the sick person to recognize the situation of “communication” and decipher the message. Some details like visions or the absence of “sickness agents” could help to recognize this type of illness. The research distinguishes several subtypes of “communication illness”, which are called “sign illness”, “punishment illness”, “inborn illness” and “deathbed illness”. The last one could be perceived as an ascetic practice available to both clergy and laity. Scribes condemned any attempt to feign a “communication illness”, this was viewed as an act of sacrilege. The message of “communication illness” was more often positive, it was perceived as a sign of God’s favor to the sick person. Biblical quotations used in descriptions of the illness show that “communication illness” was closely related to the virtue of patience. The conclusions of this research make it possible to correct the present conception that Old Russian scribes prohibited any attempts to apply methods of classical (Hippocratic) medicine. The author believes that scribes condemned Hippocratic methods exclusively in the situations of “communication illness”, in other cases of sickness they had no objection to a classical approach to the treatment.

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Tang, Fang, Lars Mehlum, Ingrid S. Mehlum, and Ping Qin. "Physical illness leading to absence from work and the risk of subsequent suicide: a national register-based study." European Journal of Public Health 29, no. 6 (June 5, 2019): 1073–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz101.

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Abstract Background Studies have shown that people with physical illness are at increased risk of suicide, but knowledge on the association between absence from work due to specific physical health problems and suicide risk is limited. This study aimed to examine the relationship between suicide risk and physical illness requiring leave from work across a range of specific physical diagnoses, and to study the interactions of mental illness and socioeconomic factors on this relationship. Methods Using a nested case-control design, 9313 suicide cases and 169 235 matched controls were retrieved and interlinked from Norwegian national registries. Data on sick leave and related physical illness were derived from claims for sickness benefit and analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Results For males, the risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of previous physical illness-related absences and the duration of recent physical illness-related absences. Absences related to digestive, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders as well as cancer and accidents/injuries were associated with a significantly increased risk of suicide. In contrast, females with a history of physical illness-related absence and a diagnosis of most organ or system specific illnesses were at a relatively reduced risk of suicide. In both genders, the suicide risk associated with physical illness resulting in absence from work differentiated significantly by history of sickness absence due to mental illness, and by education and income levels. Conclusions The risk of suicide associated with physical illness requiring leave from work varied significantly by gender and by education and income status.

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Kuiper, Ouren X., Jelte E. Bos, Eike A. Schmidt, Cyriel Diels, and Stefan Wolter. "Knowing What’s Coming: Unpredictable Motion Causes More Motion Sickness." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, no. 8 (October 7, 2019): 1339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819876139.

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Objective This study explores the role of anticipation in motion sickness. We compared three conditions varying in motion predictability and assessed the effect of anticipation on subsequent illness ratings using a within-subjects design. Background Anticipation is thought to play a role in motion sickness by reducing the discrepancy between sensed and expected sensory information. However, both the exact role and potential magnitude of anticipation on motion sickness are unknown. Method Participants ( N = 17) were exposed to three 15-min conditions consisting of repeated fore-aft motion on a sled on a 40-m rail (1) at constant intervals and consistent motion direction, (2) at constant intervals but varied motion direction, and (3) at varied intervals but consistent motion direction. Conditions were otherwise identical in motion intensity and displacement, as they were composed of the same repetitions of identical blocks of motion. Illness ratings were recorded at 1-min intervals using an 11-point motion sickness scale. Results Average illness ratings after exposure were significantly lower for the predictable condition, compared with both the directionally unpredictable condition and the temporally unpredictable condition. Conclusion Unpredictable motion is significantly more provocative compared with predictable motion. Findings suggest motion sickness results from a discrepancy between sensed and expected motion, rather than from unpreparedness to motion. Application This study underlines the importance of an individual’s anticipation to motion in motion sickness. Furthermore, this knowledge could be used in domains such as that of autonomous vehicles to reduce carsickness.

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Esposito, Maurizio. "Le nuove frontiere della Sociologia della salute." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 3 (October 2009): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-su3003.

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- Medicine considered as a science as well as an organization for health-care services has undergone structural changes, also because of the new role of the "expert-patient". Hence, the sociological concepts might give important contributions, not only by new conceptual frames, but also thanks to an analitical stimulus for the construction of new procedures in medicine.Keywords: disease, illness, sickness, sociology of health, epistemology, methodology.Parole chiave: disease, illness, sickness, sociologia della salute, epistemologia, metodologia.

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Pashynska, S. L., M. Yu Antomonov, O. V. Berdnyk, T. P. Skochko, and O. P. Rudnytska. "The difference of the concept of «diseas»" in the context of public health : (part 2 – experimental research)." Environment & Health, no. 1 (106) (March 2023): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2023.01.004.

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Target. From the standpoint of public health, determine and analyze the ratio of various components of health disorders, namely biometric (disease), social (sickness), and its self-esteem (illness). Materials and methods. The source of the initial information was the survey data of the adult population. All questionnaire questions related to three manifestations of the health disorders: "disease", "illness", "sickness. Mathematical methods were used for the integral assessment of the components of health disorders, determination of the relationship between them and analysis of the obtained results. Results. For public health, which is the most socially oriented branch of medicine, it is extremely important to take into account not only biomedical (disease), but also social (sickness) aspects of the disease, as well as its self-esteem (illness). In this research, we considered the combination and relationship of various manifestations of the disease in Tweddle's triad, and conducted a comparative analysis of its components. It was established that the relationships between various forms of ill health depend on both the age and gender of the respondents. This must be considered, because knowledge of the ratio and relationship of the components of Tweddle's triad is necessary for the development of the most effective ways to overcome diseases and improve health. Considering the components of Tweddle's triad, namely, disease, illness and sickness, is extremely important for medicine, social policy and the health care system in general.

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Stone, Bradly T., Jian-You Lin, Abuzar Mahmood, Alden J. Sanford, and Donald B. Katz. "LiCl-induced sickness modulates rat gustatory cortical responses." PLOS Biology 20, no. 7 (July 25, 2022): e3001537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001537.

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Gustatory cortex (GC), a structure deeply involved in the making of consumption decisions, presumably performs this function by integrating information about taste, experiences, and internal states related to the animal’s health, such as illness. Here, we investigated this assertion, examining whether illness is represented in GC activity, and how this representation impacts taste responses and behavior. We recorded GC single-neuron activity and local field potentials (LFPs) from healthy rats and rats made ill (via LiCl injection). We show (consistent with the extant literature) that the onset of illness-related behaviors arises contemporaneously with alterations in 7 to 12 Hz LFP power at approximately 12 min following injection. This process was accompanied by reductions in single-neuron taste response magnitudes and discriminability, and with enhancements in palatability-relatedness—a result reflecting the collapse of responses toward a simple “good-bad” code visible in the entire sample, but focused on a specific subset of GC neurons. Overall, our data show that a state (illness) that profoundly reduces consumption changes basic properties of the sensory cortical response to tastes, in a manner that can easily explain illness’ impact on consumption.

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García, Mónica. "The Social Survey, the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, and the Beginnings of the US Public Health Service’s Sickness Surveys." American Journal of Public Health 111, no. 11 (November 2021): 1960–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2021.306454.

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The earliest sickness survey of the US Public Health Service, which started in 1915, was the Service’s first socioeconomic study of an industrial community. It was also the first to define illness as a person’s inability to work. The survey incorporated the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s definition of illness, which, instead of sickness rates, focused on duration of illness as a proxy of time lost from work. This kind of survey took place in the broader context of the reform movements of the Progressive Era and the social surveys conducted in the United States, which led to the creation of the Federal Commission on Industrial Relations, where the Service’s sickness survey originated. The Service’s focus on the socioeconomic classification of families and definition of illness as the inability to work enabled it to show the strong link between poverty and illness among industrial workers. The leader of the survey, Edgar Sydenstricker, and the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company came up with new ways to measure the health of the population, which also influenced the Service’s studies of the effects of the Great Depression on public health and the National Health Survey of 1935–1936. (Am J Public Health. 2021; 111(11):1960–1968. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306454 )

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Sujini, G. Naga. "Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease using Artificial Neural Network." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 25, 2021): 2320–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35498.

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The determination of coronary illness much of the time relies upon an unpredictable blend of clinical and neurotic information. Inlight of this intricacy, there exists a lot of revenue among clinical experts and analysts in regards to the productive and exact expectation of coronary illness. In this paper, we foster a coronary illness foresee framework that can help clinical experts in anticipating coronary illness status dependent on the clinical information of patients. AI grouping methods are incredibly helpful in the clinical field by giving exact outcomes and fast conclusion of illnesses. Consequently, these procedures save part of time for the two specialists and patients. The neural organizations can be utilized as classifiers anticipate the determination of Cardiovascular Heart sickness.

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Sitvast, Jan E., Tineke A. Abma, and Guy A. M. Widdershoven. "Living with severe mental illness: perception of sickness." Journal of Advanced Nursing 67, no. 10 (June 2, 2011): 2170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05663.x.

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Reed, Wornie. "Social Aspects of Illness, Disease and Sickness Absence." Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews 41, no. 5 (September 2012): 660–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306112457769dd.

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Bhugra, Dinesh, and Gin S. Malhi. "Disease, illness, sickness and the contract with patients." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 47, no. 9 (August 28, 2013): 795–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867413502407.

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Perier, Nadège, Alice de Boyer des Roches, Margit Bak Jensen, and Kathryn Proudfoot. "Infectious Disease Does Not Impact the Lying and Grooming Behaviour of Post-Parturient Dairy Cows." Animals 9, no. 9 (August 30, 2019): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9090634.

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Behaviour is commonly used to detect sickness in animals, but the impact of sickness on lying and maternal behaviours around parturition is not well understood. The objective was to assess the effects of sickness on the lying and grooming behaviours of dairy cows in the first 24 h after giving birth. Cows were categorized as ‘sick’ (n = 8) if they had at least one rectal temperature ≥39.1 °C and one clinical sign of illness (mastitis, pneumonia or an unknown infection) within 24 h of calving. These cows were match-paired for parity with cows that had no rectal temperature ≥39.1 °C and no clinical signs of illness up to 3 d after calving (n = 8; ‘not sick’). The duration and latency of cow behaviours (standing, lying, lying bouts, lying close to calf, and grooming of the calf) and calf behaviours (standing and lying) were recorded for 24 h post-partum. We found no differences in the behaviour of sick and not sick cows and their calves post-calving, except that sick cows took longer to lie down near their calf after calving compared to those without illness. Cows may be more motivated to groom and spend time with their calf than to express sickness behaviours immediately after giving birth.

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Goštautaitė, Bernadeta, and Yiduo Shao. "Reducing Older Workers’ Sickness Absence: The Moderating Role of Perceived Fairness." Work, Aging and Retirement 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/workar/waz022.

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Abstract Although aging is often associated with higher vulnerability for illness, research has reported mixed results regarding the relationship between workers’ age and sickness absence. Drawing on social exchange theory, we propose that perceived fairness may attenuate the positive association between employee age and sickness absence. We tested our hypotheses by matching employee survey data with organizational archival data on sickness absence from a public sector organization in Lithuania (n = 458). Our findings showed that perceived fairness buffered the negative effect of age on sickness absence, which provides important implications.

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Kumari, P. "Leaf Disease Detection using Group Method Data Handling." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37006.

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During crop planting, the location of sicknesses in the leaf parts is one of the critical connects to the anticipation and control of yield illnesses. This paper takes different leaves as exploratory articles, and uses the profound learning technique to remove the illness highlights on leaf surface. After persistent iterative learning, the organization can anticipate the class of each sickness picture. The guided channel is utilized in pre-handling stage and the highlights are extricated utilizing texture feature extraction, color feature, morphological technique. Then the selected features are fed into Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) and the comparison experiments are performed. The outcomes illustrate that the method is effective, it can identify whether the plant is the diseased plant or not.

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Ahn, Byeongkil, and Dae Young Kim. "A Binary Opposition Feature-Based and Corpus-Based Comparison of Uses in Context among DISEASE, ILLNESS and SICKNESS." Journal of Modern British & American Language & Literature 38, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21084/jmball.2020.02.38.1.123.

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Mahmood Fahad, Hayfaa, Mohammed Hussein Mushrif, and Sahar Taha Hatif. "Body Immunity and Resistance to (COVID-19) Corona Virus." Clinical Medicine And Health Research Journal 1, no. 3 (November 30, 2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/cmhrj.v1i3.24.

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The invulnerable framework secures against infections and sicknesses and produces antibodies to kill microbes. Extremely severe respiratory illness 2 Covid (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative specialist of the continuous coronavir infection sickness 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This survey gives an outline of the resistant framework, how it works, and its instrument to battle infection. Different kinds of possible difficulties for the immunes framework are likewise examined. Food to devour and stay away from are recommended, and actual exercise is empowered.

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Kaźmierczak, Weronika Małgorzata. "To hele them of somme sekenesses and maladyes and all illness of the stomach. On the rivalry between illness, sickness and malady in Middle English." Radomskie Studia Filologiczne. Radom Philological Studies 1, no. 11 (December 31, 2022): 194–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/rsf.2022.013.

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The present paper analyses the fates of the native nouns illness and sickness and those of the French borrowing malady in Middle English. Focusing on the regional and temporal dimensions of their rivalry, the study uses the evidence from the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English Prose (ICMEP, Markus 2008), a collection of 129 works of Middle English prose. The analysis also makes use of other databases such as Collins English Dictionary (CED), the Historical Thesaurus of English (HTE), Middle English Dictionary online (MED), Merriam-Webster Dictionary (MWD), and the Oxford English Dictionary online (OED). The degree of the adaptability of the terms in question is best reflected in their varied frequency in the ICMEP’s texts. The tentative research results place malady (107 attestations in total) far behind its Germanic equivalent sickness (701 attestations). A single instance of illness testifies to its low recognisability in the Innsbruck Corpus of Middle English Prose, probably due to its being often replaced by sickness, which leads to a considerable reduction in the use of the term.

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Duncan, Monica. "Managing sickness absence and declared disabilities in a district nursing team." British Journal of Community Nursing 24, no. 10 (October 2, 2019): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.10.478.

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Sickness absence in the NHS is around 2.3% higher than in the rest of the economy. Although policies and guidelines are in place to manage this problem, stress-related illness is on the rise. Managing sickness, absence and declared disabilities in district nursing teams is an issue that must be handled by staff members, team managers and the wider organisation. Occupational health services are a crucial component in both preventing and managing staff sickness and absence, but these may well not have adequate resources to cope with increased stress-related illness. Ensuring that occupational health services are adequately resourced and able to respond appropriately to both the needs of staff in need of their support and managers is part of the organisational responsibilty. This article aims to guide managers in caring for their staff properly and meeting service demand, a difficult balancing act.

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Hettinger, Lawrence J., and Gary E. Riccio. "Visually Induced Motion Sickness in Virtual Environments." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 1, no. 3 (January 1992): 306–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.3.306.

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Visually induced motion sickness is a syndrome that occasionally occurs when physically stationary individuals view compelling visual representations of self-motion. It may also occur when detectable lags are present between head movements and recomputation and presentation of the visual display in helmet-mounted displays. The occurrence of this malady is a critical issue for the future development and implementation of virtual environments. Applications of this emerging technology are likely to be compromised to the extent that users experience illness and/or incapacitation. This article presents an overview of what is currently known regarding the relationship between visually specified self-motion in the absence of inertial displacement and resulting illness and perceptual-motor disturbances.

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Garge, Kshitij, Revati Kshitij Garge, and Shrikant Kate. "REVIEW OF THE CONCEPT OF VYADHIKSHAMATWA." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal p7, no. 4 (May 31, 2023): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj12p7042023.

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Ayurveda had advocated adhering to concepts like Dina charya, ritu charya, sadvritta, and na vega dharan for disease prevention. These measures are valuable in forestalling the way of life-related illnesses however for forestalling the Aupsargika rogas (transferable illnesses), Janapada dhwansa rogas (pandemic illnesses), Krimij Roga (Irresistible sicknesses), Asatmyaj roga (unfavourably susceptible problems), the idea of Vyadhikshamtva is proliferated by the Ayurvedic science.1 Vyadhikshamatva is a compound word made up of the syllables Vyadhi and Kshamatva. The meaning of the term "vyadhi" is "to hurt, to injure, to harm or cause damage. Kshamatva implies remaining calm, repressing wrath, remaining silent, or resisting. Thus, the phrase signifies being persistent in fighting the illness. 2 As indicated by the idea of Ojas or Vyadhikshamatva or Bala (insusceptibility), the body's opposition is vital in the day-to-day government assistance of living creatures for sickness counteraction as well as for fast recuperation after illness hardship.3 Ayurveda argues that strengthening the immune system is a natural way to aid the body's fight against disease-causing pathogens because prevention is just as important as treatment in disease management. Rasayana, or rejuvenation, was advocated by Acharyas for improving ojas and vyadhikshamatva, or immunity. This article aims to present Vyadhikshamatva concepts from Ayurveda.

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Jones, Peter Murray. "Early Franciscans in England: Sickness, Healing and Salvation." Early Science and Medicine 26, no. 5-6 (December 15, 2021): 439–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-12340029.

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Abstract From their first arrival in England in 1224, the Franciscans were concerned with the treatment of ill-health for both practical and spiritual reasons. Many brothers fell sick, and their illnesses required both interpretation and treatment. Some friars practised healing on their brethren and on lay patients. This article will focus on the question of the relationship between the religious vocation of the friars and the exigencies of sickness. Little evidence survives in England in the form of administrative records. But two early Franciscan writings (Tractatus de adventu fratrum minorum in Angliam, and the letters of Adam Marsh OFM, d. 1259) throw significant light on attitudes to illness and practical responses.

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Taylor, David C. "The Sick Child's Predicament." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 19, no. 2 (June 1985): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048678509161310.

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There is widespread criticism of medicine which contrasts with its manifest success in biotechnology. Medicine's failure to convince stems partly from the fact that its successful biotechnology distracts it from the mundane task of responding appropriately to components of commonplace sicknesses which do not stem from disease (things) or illness (symptoms) but from predicaments. Predicaments are painful social situations or circumstances, complex, unstable, morally charged and varying in their import in time and place, which are readily discernible from a good history. Predicaments are distinguished from environmental agents by being an aspect of social organisation rather than structures. Dangerous and excruciating predicaments are described as well as the predicaments of being sick, and being in hospital. Child psychiatrists are often presented with problems where diagnosis of disease or illness in the child is inappropriate and resolution of its predicament alleviates the distress that had been presented in the language of sickness. The model is capable of broader application in psychiatry and medicine. Doctors should be more concerned to know about the context and background of their patients' sickness, as patients give this information very freely if asked. If patients' complaints are misunderstood then medical responses, made in good faith, may be seen as dangerous intrusions leading to a loss of trust, anger, and litigiousness.

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Musoni, Phillip, and Ezra Chitando. "Spiritualization of the Causes of Illness." Exchange 51, no. 4 (December 22, 2022): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-bja10020.

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Abstract This study focused on the spiritualization of the causes and treatment of illness within the African Prophetic churches in Zimbabwe (and its diaspora) in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study comes at a time when most prophetic churches seem to maintain a position that sicknesses and diseases are caused by evil spirits. While mainline/missionary churches are of the opinion that most sicknesses and diseases were caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, hence advocating for scientific health delivery systems for treatment, most Zimbabwean prophetic churches are identifying spiritual causes of sickness and advocating for spiritual methods of healing and deliverance. These African prophetic churches seem to have remained steadfast in maintaining their African traditional worldview on the causes and treatment of diseases that predates the advent of Christianity in Africa. Accordingly, this study selected the white garment churches (Vapositori) and their responses to Covid-19 to underscore the argument that spiritualisation of the causes of illness among most African prophetic churches has remained intact. Methodologically, a descriptive phenomenological approach was used for data collection, while an interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to interpret data collected. Three main video clips on the church’s theology on the origin of Covid-19 posted on social media by white garment church members were transliterated. Interviews with the white garment church members were also carried out to triangulate data relating to these video clips posted on social media. Using this methodology, the major finding was that white garment churches operate within the African religio-cultural milieu where illness/disease has the cause-effect dichotomy. Unless the cause is diagnosed, holistic healing cannot be realised.

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Prout, Alan. "‘Off School Sick’: Mothers' Accounts of School Sickness Absence." Sociological Review 36, no. 4 (November 1988): 765–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1988.tb00707.x.

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Interview material, collected as part of a wider ethnographic study of sickness absence in an English primary school, is used to examine how mothers accounted for their decisions to keep children ‘off school sick’. Mothers' accounts suggested a process by which they tested their children's claims on sickness against suspicions of feigning illness. The paper describes, from the mothers' point of view, the process of negotiating sickness with children and how children are categorised as ‘pretending’, ‘upset’ or ‘really ill’. These decisions are set within a wider context comprising: a normative discourse of maternal child health care; contradictory demands placed on mothers by the image of children as simultaneously robust and vulnerable; the surveillance and contradictory demands of schooling; and the use by children of sickness as a means of exercising influence on their social situation. It is suggested that locating child health care in relation to childrens' point in their childhood career (for these children the transition to secondary school) and acknowledging the active role that children play in the construction of illness will facilitate a fuller picture of mothers' unpaid health work within the family.

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Editorial Board, The Agonist. "Editorial Introduction." Agonist 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/agon.v15i1.1431.

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Abstract Emergency! Welcome to our special midseason issue of The Agonist: “Nietzsche & Illness.” Of course, Nietzsche discusses illness, sickness, disease, and health in different contexts in different texts. Sometimes illness refers to the trauma produced by the mass psychosis of Christianity (The Antichrist), sometimes an intellectual neurosis (“On the Prejudices of Philosopher” in Beyond Good and Evil), and sometimes illness simply denotes physiological pain—including Nietzsche’s own bodily ailments. The current COVID-19 pandemic has ignited new scholarly treatments of these illnesses. We have tried in this issue to imagine not what Nietzsche would say about COVID, but how his works can inform our response to the virus. Our contributing writers contend with how to act and react to our ongoing public health crisis by offering panaceas, coping devices, and defense mechanisms for the body, mind, and free spirit.

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Kenny, Stephen C. "Sex, Sickness, and Slavery: Illness in the Antebellum South." American Nineteenth Century History 16, no. 2 (May 4, 2015): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14664658.2015.1094634.

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Hogarth, R. A. "Sex, Sickness, and Slavery: Illness in the Antebellum South." Journal of American History 100, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 829–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jat382.

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Mohammed, Suneel, Aamir Z. Jamal, and Leon R. Robison. "Serum Sickness-Like Illness Associated with N-Acetyicysteine Therapy." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 28, no. 2 (February 1994): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809402800230.

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Giri, P., J. Poole, P. Nightingale, and A. Robertson. "Perceptions of illness and their impact on sickness absence." Occupational Medicine 59, no. 8 (August 24, 2009): 550–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqp123.

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Barraclough, Jennifer. "The psychology of illness: In sickness and in health." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 40, no. 5 (May 1996): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(95)00537-4.

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Stansfeld, Stephen, Amanda Feeney, Jenny Head, Robert Canner, Fiona North, and Michael Marmot. "Sickness absence for psychiatric illness: The Whitehall II study." Social Science & Medicine 40, no. 2 (January 1995): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(94)e0064-y.

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Lajoie, Corinne, and Emily Douglas. "A Crip Queer Dialogue on Sickness (Editors' Introduction)." Critically Sick: New Phenomenologies of Illness, Madness, and Disability 3, no. 2 (November 2, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/pjcp.v3i2.1.

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Sandhu, Amarpreet, Antonia Harford, Pooja Singh, and Eduardo Alas. "Is Thymoglobulin or Rituximab the Cause of This Serum Sickness? A Case Report of Serum Sickness Dilemma and Literature Review." Case Reports in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/234515.

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Serum sickness is an immune-complex-mediated systemic illness that can occur after treatment with monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies such as Rituxan (Rituximab) or antithymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin), respectively. Since Rituximab is now being used as an adjuvant treatment for acute humoral rejection and its prevalence to cause serum sickness is comparable to Thymoglobulin-associated serum sickness (20% versus 27%), it should be considered a potential cause of serum sickness after rejection treatment. In kidney transplant patients, there are no case reports where patient received both Thymoglobulin and Rituximab before developing serum sickness. We are reporting a patient who developed serum sickness after receiving Thymoglobulin and Rituximab that led us to consider Rituximab as one of the potential causes in this patient’s serum sickness. Since diagnosis of serum sickness is clinical, and Rituximab use has expanded into treatment of glomerulonephritis and acute humoral rejection, it should be considered as a potential offender of serum sickness in these patient populations. There are not any evidence-based guidelines or published clinical trials to help guide therapy for antibody-induced serum sickness; however, we successfully treated our case with three doses of Methylprednisone 500 mg intravenously. Further studies are needed to evaluate Rituximab-associated serum sickness in nephrology population to find effective treatment options.

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Tomelleri, Stefano. "Le metafore in opera nelle pratiche mediche." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 2 (July 2009): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-002010.

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- This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary research based on the study of metaphors at work during the medical visits of 5 oncologists - 3 males, (respectively 41, 43, and 60 year old), 2 females (respectively 41 and 58 year old) - for a total of 61 clinical talks that have been videotaped at an hospital in Northern Italy. The choice to study metaphors at work in medical practice greatly depends on our research experience and the realization that both doctors and patients had recourse to them during clinic talks and the use of such metaphors played a complex role that could not merely be referred to the exemplification of clinic concepts and words. From the analysis of recorded conversations we have discovered that the use of metaphors favoured: a) the contextualization of clinic conversations within wider macro-social structures; b) the definition of behaviours, roles, and decisional processes linked to social representations; c) the creative solution for the often irreconcilable tension between the subjective and bodily aspects of what we can call illness, the objective and impersonal character of its clinic definition (disease), and its social dimension (sickness).Key-words: medicalization, metaphor, disease, illness, sickness, oncology.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, metafora, disease, illness, sickness, oncologia.

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Tomelleri, Stefano. "Metaphors in Action in Medical Practice." SALUTE E SOCIETÀ, no. 2 (July 2009): 142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ses2009-en2010.

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- This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary research based on the study of metaphors at work during the medical visits of 5 oncologists 3 males, (respectively 41, 43, and 60 year old), 2 females (respectively 41 and 58 year old) for a total of 61 clinical talks that have been videotaped at an hospital in Northern Italy. The choice to study metaphors at work in medical practice greatly depends on our research experience and the realization that both doctors and patients had recourse to them during clinic talks and the use of such metaphors played a complex role that could not merely be referred to the exemplification of clinic concepts and words. From the analysis of recorded conversations we have discovered that the use of metaphors favoured: a) the contextualization of clinic conversations within wider macro-social structures; b) the definition of behaviours, roles, and decisional processes linked to social representations; c) the creative solution for the often irreconcilable tension between the subjective and bodily aspects of what we can call illness, the objective and impersonal character of its clinic definition (disease), and its social dimension (sickness).Key-words: medicalization, metaphor, disease, illness, sickness, oncology.Parole chiave: medicalizzazione, metafora, disease, illness, sickness, oncologia.

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Antczak, Elżbieta, and Katarzyna M. Miszczyńska. "Causes of Sickness Absenteeism in Europe—Analysis from an Intercountry and Gender Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 22 (November 11, 2021): 11823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211823.

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This study aims to extract and explain the territorially varied relation between socioeconomic factors and absence rate from work due to own illness or disability in European countries in the years 2006–2020. For this purpose, several causes were identified, depending on men and women. To explain the absenteeism and emphasize gender as well as intercountry differences, geographically weighted regression was applied. For men, there were five main variables that influenced sickness absence: body mass index, the average rating of satisfaction by job situation, employment in the manufacturing sector, social benefits by sickness/health care, and performing health-enhancing physical activity. For women, there were five main variables that increased the absence rate: the risk of poverty or social exclusion, long-standing illness or health problems, employment in the manufacturing sector, social protection benefits, and deaths due to pneumonia. Based on the conducted research, it was proven that the sickness absence observed in the analyzed countries was highly gender and spatially diverged. Understanding the multifactorial factors playing an important role in the occurrence of regional and gender-divergent sickness absence may be a good predictor of subsequent morbidity and mortality as well as be very useful to better prevent this outcome.

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Busby, Helen. "Writing about Health and Sickness: An Analysis of Contemporary Autobiographical Writing from the British Mass-Observation Archive." Sociological Research Online 5, no. 2 (September 2000): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.480.

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In this paper, I explore some of the writing about health and sickness undertaken by volunteers writing for a British social history archive. The Mass-Observation Archive's commissioning of diaries and other forms of self- reportage has made it a prominent part of the landscape of sociology in Britain (Calder, 1985). Initiated during the 1930s, the Mass-Observation Archive's early work included the well-known worktown project. The early project was wound up in 1950, but interest in the archives eventually prompted a new project, initiated in 1981. The ‘new project’ is essentially a collection of writing on a range of issues by a panel of volunteers recruited through the media and other informal means. This paper represents a cycling through of ideas about the relationships between health, sickness, and work, via my reading of some of the writing held at the Archive. The writings with which this paper is centrally concerned are the responses to an invitation issued in the autumn of 1998 for writing about ‘Staying well and everyday life’. In addition, writings on ‘The pace of life’ and on working life were consulted. Unlike much of the data about sickness in relation to work - which relies on documentation of sickness absence- these accounts show actions which are not taken. Some of them point to a phenomenon which I have termed ‘shadow sickness, that is illness which exists without there being a mechanism to translate that experience into recognised sickness. Overall though it is the moral context of illness and of ideas about staying well which are prominent in many of these accounts and which are discussed in this paper.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sickness / Illness'

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