Journal articles: 'Short rotation forestry'

1

Tiefenbacher, Herbert. "Short rotation forestry in Austria." Bioresource Technology 35, no. 1 (January 1991): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(91)90079-y.

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Culshaw, D., and B. Stokes. "Mechanisation of short rotation forestry." Biomass and Bioenergy 9, no. 1-5 (January 1995): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(95)00085-2.

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Stiell, W. M., and A. B. Berry. "Productivity of Short-Rotation Aspen Stands." Forestry Chronicle 62, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc62010-1.

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A study of aspen sucker stands subjected to repeated harvesting at the Petawawa National Forestry Institute compared biomass production at rotations of 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,13, and 20 years. The shortest rotation at which sucker production can be physiologically sustained is unlikely to be less than 10 years. Biomass mean annual increment appeared to culminate at about 15 years. Declining yields at the shorter rotations were thought due mainly to starvation of rootstocks by the frequent removal of the photosynthesizing tops on which they depend for nourishment. High incidence of Armillaria infection in stump roots probably contributed to the diminished quantity and size of suckers, and may prove to be a serious factor in short-rotation systems for aspen. On the basis of foliar analysis there was no evidence of nutrient deficiency at any rotation.

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Verwijst, Theo, and Björn Telenius. "Biomass estimation procedures in short rotation forestry." Forest Ecology and Management 121, no. 1-2 (August 1999): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1127(98)00562-3.

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Fege, Anne S. "Evaluation of Researchers' Decisions in Short-Rotation Forestry." Forest Science 33, no. 1 (March 1, 1987): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/33.1.30.

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Abstract A survey of short-rotation forestry research from 1966-82 provided insights into the political, socioeconomic, institutional, and personal factors influencing decisions made by forestry researchers. Scientists first entered short rotation forestry research because of personal contacts with other scientists, because they considered this a "productive" research area, because funds were available, and because of the "energy crisis." They attributed their success primarily to cooperation with other scientists and potential users and to adequate financial support. These findings offer insight into the individual decisions and the economic and political factors that will shape other forestry research frontiers. For. Sci. 33(1):30-42.

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Perttu, Kurth L. "Environmental justification for short-rotation forestry in Sweden." Biomass and Bioenergy 15, no. 1 (July 1998): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-9534(98)00014-2.

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Host, G. E., J. G. Isebrands, and K. L. Perttu. "Modeling short rotation forestry growth: An international workshop." Biomass and Bioenergy 11, no. 2-3 (January 1996): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(96)00013-x.

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Geyer, W. A., and M. W. Melichar. "Short-rotation forestry research in the United States." Biomass 9, no. 2 (January 1986): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-4565(86)90116-2.

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Mitchell, C. P. "Nutrients and growth relations in short-rotation forestry." Biomass 22, no. 1-4 (January 1990): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90009-9.

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Korjus, Henn, Priit Põllumäe, and Siim Rool. "Männi-, kuuse- ja kasepuistute majandamise tasuvus lühikese raieringi korral / Profitability analysis of short rotations in Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch stands." Forestry Studies 54, no. 1 (June 1, 2011): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10132-011-0093-7.

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Abstract. Estonian forest management is based traditionally on long rotations. Recent trends in wood industry and wood consumption promote also production of small-size timber for bioenergy and timber products. This opens a discussion about shorter rotations and intensive forest management again in Estonia. In current study, profitability of Scots pine, Norway spruce and silver birch stand management on fertile soils was analyzed according to three different rotation lengths: traditional long rotation, short rotation and economically optimal rotation according Finnish TAPIO rules. Stand simulation software MOTTI was used to simulate and optimize forest growth and management. Simulation results were compared with actual data on forest growth and yield in Estonia. Economically optimal rotations were for Scots pine stand 58 years, Norway spruce stand 53 years and silver birch stand 41 years. Short and optimal rotation length enable 5.9-6.5% profitability for forest owner, traditional long rotation length enables 4.8-5.4% profitability. Rotation forestry is challenging task. Based on our analysis, it is likely that applied practices can intensify wood production and reduce forest management risks. However, theoretical approach is not enough for assessing practical feasibility of short rotations. Thus further studies and experiments are needed for careful analysis and recommendations

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Christopherson, Nels S., and James A. Mattson. "Mechanization of the operational aspects of short-rotation forestry." Biomass 22, no. 1-4 (January 1990): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90011-8.

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12

Stanosz, G. R., and R. F. Patton. "Armillaria root rot in aspen stands after repeated short rotations." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, no. 9 (September 1, 1987): 1001–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x87-155.

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Aspen suckers and stump/root-collar sprouts were sampled in short-rotation plots established by the U.S. Forest Service in Minnesota and by the Petawawa National Forestry Institute in Ontario. Roots exhibited lesions and decay typical of Armillaria root rot. Infection had occurred by direct rhizomorph penetration, entry of rhizomorphs through stubs of previously cut sprouts, and growth of mycelium through proximal parent roots. Stump/root-collar sprouts were more frequently colonized than suckers. Incidence was highest in the Minnesota plot, sampled 5 years after the start of the third 8-year rotation, where 11 of 12 stump/root-collar sprouts and 12 of 18 suckers were infected (77% overall). After three or more rotations of 4 or 5 years in both locations, sprouting was severely reduced and sproutless stubs from previously cut sprouts were invariably colonized. After successive rotations in all plots, decreases in stem numbers and sizes have occurred. Thus, Armillaria root rot may limit rotation length and the number of times aspen stands can be successfully vegetatively regenerated.

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Rajapaksha, N. S. S., K. R. Butt, E. I. Vanguelova, and A. J. Moffat. "Short rotation forestry – Earthworm interactions: A field based mesocosm experiment." Applied Soil Ecology 76 (April 2014): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.12.008.

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14

Bergez, Jacques-Eric, Luc Bouvarel, and Daniel Auclair. "Short rotation forestry: An agricultural case study of economic feasibility." Bioresource Technology 35, no. 1 (January 1991): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(91)90080-4.

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15

Phillips, Victor D., Wei Liu, Robert A. Merriam, and Richard L. Bain. "Short-rotation forestry as an alternative land use in Hawaii." Biomass and Bioenergy 8, no. 4 (January 1995): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(95)00015-y.

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16

Philippot, Sabine. "Simulation models of short-rotation forestry production and coppice biology." Biomass and Bioenergy 11, no. 2-3 (January 1996): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(96)00008-6.

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Ravindranath, N. H., and D. O. Hall. "Estimates of feasible productivities of short rotation tropical forestry plantations." Energy for Sustainable Development 2, no. 5 (January 1996): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0973-0826(08)60157-x.

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Sudomo, Aris, Dewi Maharani, Dila Swestiani, Gerhard E. Sabastian, James M. Roshetko, Aulia Perdana, Diana Prameswari, and Rizki A. Fambayun. "Intercropping Short Rotation Timber Species with Teak: Enabling Smallholder Silviculture Practices." Forests 12, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121761.

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Community forest management for timber production requires short- and long-rotation companion species to fulfill the demands of the timber industry, improve farmer welfare and maintain environmental sustainability. Four species (Falcataria moluccana, Neolamarckia cadamba, Acacia mangium and Gmelina arborea) were tested as short-rotation timber crop companion species for teak (Tectona grandis) on dry-rocky soil in the Gunungkidul community forest. The selection of short-rotation timber species was based on growth performance and survival rate at the teak site. Two years after planting, the viability of G. arborea (87.3%) and A. mangium (78.2%) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that of N. cadamba (40.6%) and F. moluccana (18.0%). G. arborea and N. cadamba achieved the best growth in terms of height, diameter, basal area, and volume, with the growth of A. mangium and F. moluccana being significantly inferior. Gmelina arborea has the ability to adapt to teak sites, grow well, and accompany teak. Neolamarckia cadamba demonstrated good growth with potential as a teak companion, and it demonstrated limited drought tolerance on the dry-rocky soils of the study sites. Acacia mangium had a high survival but produced slow growth, indicating that it required an advance evaluation in future years. Falcataria moluccana has different growing site requirements to teak so the performance was relatively poor at the study site. This mixed pattern provides benefits to farmers through commercial thinning of short rotations species, 5–8 years post establishment. Thinning operations will also increase the productivity of residual teak stands. The diversification of timber species in community forests can provide earlier returns, enabling the adoption of silviculture management by smallholders and communities.

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Kenney, W. A., R. L. Gambles, and L. Zsuffa. "Prototype energy plantations in Ontario." Forestry Chronicle 69, no. 6 (December 1, 1993): 714–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc69714-6.

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Biomass production for energy from short rotation forestry plantations can contribute to Ontario and Canada's objectives of reducing CO2 emissions. Technologies aimed at production and conversion of this biomass have progressed considerably, but large scale plantations are needed to obtain reliable figures regarding yields and costs, as well as to provide venues for testing equipment and to demonstrate the technology to growers. A project initiated by the Faculty of Forestry, University of Toronto will establish a number of prototype willow plantations on private land, to meet these needs. The objectives of the project, progress to date and the long-term plans are presented. Key words: SRIC, short rotation forestry, demonstration, willow, energy biomass

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Willebrand, Eva, and Theo Verwijst. "Population dynamics of willow coppice systems and their implications for management of short-rotation forests." Forestry Chronicle 69, no. 6 (December 1, 1993): 699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc69699-6.

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Spacing, length of rotation and clonal composition of Salix coppice systems determine the degree of within-stand competition and thereby the dynamics of the populations. Three general effects of competition are identified and their dependence on planting design and management is illustrated. (1) The dependence of yield on initial planting density disappears at higher densities and becomes weaker at low densities in later rotations. (2) The development of a competitive hierarchy between stools is reflected by a temporal increase of skewness and relative variation in weight frequency distributions. (3) Mortality of stools due to self-thinning is enhanced by high planting density and longer cutting cycles. Furthermore, the relative performance of clones in a mixture cannot be predicted from their performance in pure stands. Key words: Biomass production, Clone mixture, Competition, Rotation length, Salix, Self-thinning, Spacing, Willow coppice

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Weih, Martin. "Intensive short rotation forestry in boreal climates: present and future perspectives." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 1369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x04-090.

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Short rotation forestry (SRF) is regarded as a silvicultural practice employing high-density plantations of fast-growing tree species on fertile land with a rotation period of fewer than 1012 years. I address the challenges and possibilities of SRF applications under the circumstances of a boreal climate, today as well as after anticipated climate change. The implications of a pronounced winter season for the performance of biomass crops are discussed. Poplars, aspens, and willows are superior in boreal SRF because of their fast growth rate in combination with good cold hardiness. These trees can enrich the coniferous forests of boreal regions and increase biodiversity in open agricultural landscapes of the boreal zone. Further, SRF plantations can serve as tools for the amelioration of environmental problems at local (e.g., phytoremediation) and global (e.g., increased greenhouse effect) scales. The biomass yields achieved in boreal SRF and the appropriate production systems appear do not appear to be principally different from warmer regions, but there are some differences with respect to the importance of fertilization, appropriate spacing, and rotation length. The major barriers for a rapid development of SRF appear not to be climatic, technical, or environmental constraints in many boreal regions.

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Oliveira, Nerea, César Pérez-Cruzado, Isabel Cañellas, Roque Rodríguez-Soalleiro, and Hortensia Sixto. "Poplar Short Rotation Coppice Plantations under Mediterranean Conditions: The Case of Spain." Forests 11, no. 12 (December 17, 2020): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121352.

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Developing a circular bioeconomy based on the sustainable use of biological resources, such as biomass, seems to be the best way of responding to the challenges associated with global change. Among the many sources, short rotation forest crops are an essential instrument for obtaining quality biomass with a predictable periodicity and yield, according to the areas of cultivation. This review aims to provide an overview of available knowledge on short rotation coppice Populus spp. plantations under Mediterranean conditions and specifically in Spain, in order to identify not only the status, but also the future prospects, for this type of biomass production. The analysis of available information was conducted by taking into consideration the following aspects: Genetic plant material; plantation design, including densities, rotation lengths and the number of rotations, and mixtures; management activities, including irrigation, fertilization, and weed control; yield prediction; biomass characterization; and finally, an evaluation of the sustainability of the plantation and ecosystem services provided. Despite advances, there is still much to be done if these plantations are to become a commercial reality in some Mediterranean areas. To achieve this aim, different aspects need to be reconsidered, such as irrigation, bearing in mind that water restrictions represent a real threat; the specific adaptation of genetic material to these conditions, in order to obtain a greater efficiency in resource use, as well as a greater resistance to pests and diseases or tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity; rationalizing fertilization; quantifying and valuing the ecosystem services; the advance of more reliable predictive models based on ecophysiology; the specific characterization of biomass for its final use (bioenergy/bioproducts); technological improvements in management and harvesting; and finally, improving the critical aspects detected in environmental, energy, and economic analyses to achieve profitable and sustainable plantations under Mediterranean conditions.

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Schmidt, Peter A., and Denie Gerold. "Kurzumtriebsplantagen – Ergänzung oder Widerspruch zur nachhaltigen Waldwirtschaft? | Short-term rotation plantations – supplement or in contradiction to sustainable forest management?" Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 159, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2008.0152.

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Sustainability in forestry does not only cover wood production but it serves all functions of the forest. The increasing demand for wood urges a reconsideration of management concepts. To further ensure the principle of sustainability with the forest as a natural tool for resources, all potentials of the cultural landscape for woody biomass production are to be considered with the strategies for a sustainable development. Such a potential is offered by short-rotation plantations at agricultural sites. Management of such plantations in the agricultural landscape must meet minimum standards in respect to ecology and economy but cannot fulfill all criteria for a sustainable forest management. The less intensive management of such plantations compared to other agricultural land-use systems, has favorable effects on the ecosystem services of the landscape, ecological efficiency of the natural environment and biodiversity. According to a differentiated management strategy for woody stands in forest and agricultural landscapes, short-term rotation plantations as an intensive management strategy for woody ecosystems as well as strictly protected areas for nature conservation and forest regulation consider the concept of partial segregation. The allocation of wood by short-term rotation plantations reduces the pressure on the sustainable, ecologically oriented forest management as an integration strategy which should be implemented on the predominant forested area in the future.

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Schiberna, Endre, Attila Borovics, and Attila Benke. "Economic Modelling of Poplar Short Rotation Coppice Plantations in Hungary." Forests 12, no. 5 (May 14, 2021): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12050623.

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No study has been previously completed on the range of sites, potential yield, and financial characteristics of poplar short rotation coppice plantations (SRC) in Hungary. This paper conducts a literature survey to reveal the biomass production potential of such plantations and presents a model that is used to analyze their financial performance. The results indicate that the break-even-point of production is between 6 and 8 oven-dry tons per hectare per year once a minimum cost level and wood chip price within a 10% range of the 2020 value are considered. The higher the wood chip price, the lower the break-even-point. Since the model excluded the administrative costs that depend on the type and size of the management organization, the break-even-points can be significantly higher in reality, which suggests that short rotation energy plantations can be a financially reasonable land-use option in above average or even superior poplar-growing sites. The rotation period of industrial poplar plantations that produce high quality veneer logs ranges from 12 to 25 years. Though such sites can provide higher returns on investment, short rotation plantations have the advantage of providing a more evenly distributed cash flow. To facilitate the wider application of poplar SRC, the related policies need to apply specific subsidies and allow the rotation cycle to be extended up to 20–25 years, which is currently limited to 15 years.

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Skodawessely, Constance, Thomas Glaser, Jürgen Pretzsch, and Peter A. Schmidt. "Einstellungen von Landwirten und Naturschutzverbänden zu Kurzumtriebsplantagen | Attitudes of farmers and nature conservation associations to short-rotation coppice." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 159, no. 6 (June 1, 2008): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2008.0158.

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The large-scale establishment of short-rotation coppice requires widespread acceptance of all stakeholders concerned, depending on positive attitudes towards short-rotation coppice. Of special importance are the decision makers of agricultural enterprises as they are the ones who determine the use of their land property. The attitudes of nature conservation associations influence the current condition of opinions on short-rotation coppice in society. Based on two surveys with a low number of farmers and including members of the nature conservation associations of the regions Freiberg (Saxony) and Schradenland (Brandenburg), attitudes were assessed towards short-rotation coppice and their management on agricultural land. These surveys had explorative character and the results do not allow any generalisation. It shows that economic and technological aspects are the most relevant to farmers. Concerns of nature conservation associations refer primarily to ecological points of view. The obtained results form the basis for further surveys, which will follow representative sampling.

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Taylor, Randy G., and James C. Fortson. "Optimum Plantation Planting Density and Rotation Age Based on Financial Risk and Return." Forest Science 37, no. 3 (August 1, 1991): 886–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/37.3.886.

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Abstract A stochastic simulation model was developed to estimate the impacts of site index, planting density, and rotation age on the return and risk of unthinned loblolly pine plantations. Return was estimated as the average present value of an infinite series of rotations for each site, density, and age combination. Risk was approximated as the standard deviation of the present value for each combination. Sources of risk were stumpage rate risk, survival risk, and yield risk. Variability in yield estimates (i.e., yield risk), was the major source of financial risk associated with investments in loblolly pine plantations. Volatility in stumpage rates (i.e., stumpage rate risk), had the least impact on the risk of the investment. For average sites (site index 60 base age 25 years), short rotations are less risky than long rotations. But, as expected, short rotations also tend to have lower returns. Risk averse investors should prefer high planting densities and short rotations. Investors who wish to maximize return alone should select high planting densities with longer rotation ages. Low planting densities (less than 600 stems/ac) are not efficient for sites with site index 50 base 25. For. Sci. 37(3):886-902.

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Seserman, Diana-Maria, and Dirk Freese. "Handling Data Gaps in Reported Field Measurements of Short Rotation Forestry." Data 4, no. 4 (September 25, 2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4040132.

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Filling missing data in forest research is paramount for the analysis of primary data, forest statistics, land use strategies, as well as for the calibration/validation of forest growth models. Consequently, our main objective was to investigate several methods of filling missing data under a reduced sample size. From a complete dataset containing yearly first-rotation tree growth measurements over a period of eight years, we gradually retrieved two and then four years of measurements, hence operating on 72% and 43% of the original data. Secondly, 15 statistical models, five forest growth functions, and one biophysical, process-oriented, tree growth model were employed for filling these data gap representations accounting for 72% and 43% of the available data. Several models belonging to (i) regression analysis, (ii) statistical imputation, (iii) forest growth functions, and (iv) tree growth models were applied in order to retrieve information about the trees from existing yearly measurements. Subsequently, the findings of this study could lead to finding a handy tool for both researchers and practitioners dealing with incomplete datasets. Moreover, we underline the paramount demand for far-sighted, long-term research projects for the expansion and maintenance of a short rotation forestry (SRF) repository.

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Nejad, P., M. Ramstedt, and U. Granhall. "Pathogenic ice-nucleation active bacteria in willows for short rotation forestry." Forest Pathology 34, no. 6 (December 2004): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0329.2004.00378.x.

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Roygard, J. K. F., N. S. Bolan, B. E. Clothier, S. R. Green, and R. E. H. Sims. "Short rotation forestry for land treatment of effluent: a lysimeter study." Soil Research 37, no. 5 (1999): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr98067.

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Land treatment of wastewater using short rotation forestry (SRF) has potential as a sustainable method for disposal of dairy-farm euent. We compared 3 SRF species, 2 evergreen species of eucalypts (Eucalyptus nitens, E. saligna) and a deciduous willow (Salix kinuyanagi), in the land treatment of dairy-farm euent. The trees were grown in lysimeters (1 . 8 m diameter, 1 . 0 m depth), and a bare soil treatment was used as a control. The application of dairy-farm oxidation-pond euent totalled 218 g N/lysimeter (equivalent to 870 kg N/ha) over 2 irrigation seasons (December 1995–June 1996 and September 1996–April 1997). Euent was applied weekly in summer at a rate of 18 . 9 mm/week. No euent was applied during the winter period. The evapotranspiration (ET) rates of the trees, and the volumes and nitrogen contents of the leachates are compared for a winter period (4 weeks) and a summer period (5 weeks). The biomass accumulation and the uptake of nitrogen by the 3 tree species were also investigated. The SRF trees improved the renovation levels of dairy-farm euent and produced biomass suitable for energy conversion. Of the 3 tree species, only the S. kinuyanagi treatments maintained leachate nitrate concentrations below the New Zealand drinking water standard of 11 . 3 mg NO– 3 -N/L throughout both the winter and summer periods. The E. nitens treatment produced significantly more oven-dry biomass (19 . 1 kg/tree) than the E. saligna trees (9 . 7 kg/tree) (P = 0 . 05). The S. kinuyanagi treatment had intermediate production (13 . 3 kg/tree) and was not significantly different from the other 2 tree species (P = 0 . 05). The nutrient accumulation was not significantly different among the species (P = 0 . 05). S. kinuyanagi was considered the best overall performer for the land treatment of dairy-farm euent, based on the concentrations of leachate moving beyond the root-zone.

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Nixon, D. J., William Stephens, S. F. Tyrrel, and E. D. R. Brierley. "The potential for short rotation energy forestry on restored landfill caps." Bioresource Technology 77, no. 3 (May 2001): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-8524(00)00081-x.

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Perttu, K. L., and S. Philippot. "Modelling short rotation forestry growth (Uppsala, Sweden, 24–26 October 1994)." Biomass and Bioenergy 11, no. 2-3 (January 1996): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0961-9534(96)00009-8.

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Ramstedt, M., S. Hurtado, and B. Åström. "Pathotypes of Melampsora rust on Salix in short-rotation forestry plantations." Plant Pathology 51, no. 2 (April 2002): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2002.00680.x.

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Manzone, Marco, Paolo Balsari, and Raffaele Spinelli. "Small-scale storage techniques for fuel chips from short rotation forestry." Fuel 109 (July 2013): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.006.

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Colletti, J. P., R. C. Schultz, C. W. Mize, R. B. Hall, and C. J. Twarok. "An Iowa Demonstration of Agroforestry: Short-Rotation Woody Crops." Forestry Chronicle 67, no. 3 (June 1, 1991): 258–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc67258-3.

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Results of a "wood-for-energy" demonstration and research study are presented. Three short-rotation woody crop (SRWC) systems were planted in 1986 on an old agriculture field. One system has a one-year rotation and a 0.3 × 0.3 m spacing. The second has a 3-5 year rotation and a 1.8 × 0.9 m spacing, and the last has a 7-10 year rotation and a 1.8 × 1.8 m spacing. Three different Populus clones and sliver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) were used for the systems. All plantings, except the annual system, were 0.2 ha in size. Site preparation included discing, rototilling, and application of pre-emergent herbicides. Planting was done with a conventional single row tree planter, with the exception of the wood grass, which was hand planted. Early growth and yield varied by system and were affected by severe drought conditions in 1988 and 1989. Average height and diameter growth for the first three years were significantly greater for the two Populus clones than for the silver maple. For the annually harvested 0.3 × 0.3 m system, the average yields were 7.2, 9.2, 9.4, and 6.6 dry metric tons per ha (dmt ha−1 yr−1) from 1986 to 1989. Populus clones NC-5326 and NC-5328 in the 1.8 × 0.9 m system produced similar yields since establishment in 1986. After the first four growing seasons, there was a moderate difference in growth and yield between the Populus clones in the 1.8 × 1.8 m system. The NC-5326 produced 50% more than NC-5328. The annual system was costly to establish, with costs exceeding $7,069 ha−1 The 1986 establishment costs were $1,648 ha−1 or the Populus clones and $1,665 ha−1 for silver maple, both included in the 1.8 × 0.9 m system. In comparison, a 1987 planting of this system had a 18% reduction in costs. The 1986 establishment costs for the 18 × 1 8 m system were $1,023 ha−1for the Populus clones and $1,038 ha−1for silver maple, with a 23% cost savings in a 1987 planting. Pest problems were limited to a cottonwood leaf beetle infestation in the summer of 1987, which was easily controlled with a pesticide. Early growth and yields are encouraging given the severe drought conditions of 1988 and 1989. Moreover, the cost reductions from subsequent plantings (1987) indicate a trend towards cost-efficient short-rotation woody crop systems producing biomass for energy in the Iowa agricultural landscape.

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Jensen, Torben. "Economic impacts of short rotation woody crops in Canada." Forestry Chronicle 97, no. 3 (September 2021): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2021-029.

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Canada is seeking cost-effective means to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2. One of the promising means is the short rotation woody crops (SRWC) plantation, a silvicultural approach to establishing and managing fast growing plantations on previously cleared lands. This paper utilizes the data set provided by recent harvesting operations at the Ellerslie SRWC Technical Development Site in Edmonton (Alberta) to assess the ability of SRWC using High Yield Afforestation to mitigate GHG emissions and generate more wood fibre and the investment attractiveness to establish future plantations. Results illustrate that at current trading prices for carbon credits and market prices of woodchips, expected rates of return on investment for SRWC were relatively low, despite a positive net present value ($400/ha for 20 year planting cycle without carbon credits). However, estimates from the Ellerslie site indicate that 330 tons of CO2-eq per hectare are captured above and below ground over the 20 year plantation cycle. However, higher future carbon prices, a well-developed market for buying and selling carbon credits, as well as adapted policy including additional government sponsored programs for carbon credits, could make SRWC more attractive and dramatically change the economics of afforestation in the future.

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Benbrahim, Mohammed, and André Gavaland. "A New Stem Taper Function for Short-rotation poplar." Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 18, no. 4 (January 2003): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02827580310005171.

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Carl, Christin, Jan Lehmann, Dirk Landgraf, and Hans Pretzsch. "Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Short Rotation Coppice: Seed and Stump Shoot Reproduction as well as UAS-based Spreading Analysis." Forests 10, no. 3 (March 6, 2019): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10030235.

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Varying reproduction strategies are an important trait that tree species need in order both to survive and to spread. Black locust is able to reproduce via seeds, stump shoots, and root suckers. However, little research has been conducted on the reproduction and spreading of black locust in short rotation coppices. This research study focused on seed germination, stump shoot resprout, and spreading by root suckering of black locust in ten short rotation coppices in Germany. Seed experiments and sample plots were analyzed for the study. Spreading was detected and measured with unmanned aerial system (UAS)-based images and classification technology—object-based image analysis (OBIA). Additionally, the classification of single UAS images was tested by applying a convolutional neural network (CNN), a deep learning model. The analyses showed that seed germination increases with increasing warm-cold variety and scarification. Moreover, it was found that the number of shoots per stump decreases as shoot age increases. Furthermore, spreading increases with greater light availability and decreasing tillage. The OBIA and CNN image analysis technologies achieved 97% and 99.5% accuracy for black locust classification in UAS images. All in all, the three reproduction strategies of black locust in short rotation coppices differ with regards to initialization, intensity, and growth performance, but all play a role in the survival and spreading of black locust.

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RAI, R. S. VINAYA, and V. M. SRINIVASAN. "HIGH DENSITY SHORT ROTATION STUDIES INEUCALYPTUS TERETICORNISANDCASUARINA EQUISETIFOLIA." International Tree Crops Journal 6, no. 2-3 (January 1990): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01435698.1990.9752878.

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Hepner, Heiki, Oliver Lukason, Reimo Lutter, Allar Padari, Arvo Tullus, and Hardi Tullus. "The Value of Hybrid Aspen Coppice Investment under Different Discount Rate, Price and Management Scenarios: A Case Study of Estonia." Forests 12, no. 10 (September 29, 2021): 1332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12101332.

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Hybrid aspen is one of the most promising tree species for short-rotation forestry in Northern Europe. After the clearcutting of hybrid aspen plantation, the next generation arises from root and stump sprouts. The economic feasibility of different management strategies of hybrid aspen coppice stands has not yet been comprehensively evaluated in Northern Europe. We compared the land expectation values (LEVs) of hybrid aspen coppice stands managed according to four scenarios: three early thinning methods (corridor, cross-corridor and single-tree) followed by conventional management and intensive bioenergy production (repeated harvests in 5-year rotations) over a 25-year period in hemiboreal Estonia. We considered the historic price volatility of aspen wood assortments under various discount rates (1–20%). We found that the 25-year rotation with different early thinning methods was more profitable than short bioenergy cycles in the case of low discount rates (<5%). The LEV of short coppice cycles for only bioenergy production became more profitable in comparison with those by thinning methods, when higher discount rates (>10%) were applied. Hybrid aspen coppice stands can be managed profitably, but more risks are taken when the management strategy focuses only on bioenergy production.

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Bunn, S. M. "Leaf-level productivity traits in Populus grown in short rotation coppice for biomass energy." Forestry 77, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 307–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/77.4.307.

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Haywood, James D. "Early Growth Reductions in Short Rotation Loblolly and Slash Pine in Central Louisiana." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 18, no. 1 (February 1, 1994): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/18.1.35.

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Abstract Twenty-two-year-old loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) research plantations were clearcut-harvested and replanted with the same species. The objective was to compare tree growth between the two rotations. Seven growing seasons into the second rotation, loblolly and slash pines averaged an 8- and 3-ft reduction in total height, respectively. Height growth of loblolly pine was especially reduced on replanted plots that had been harrowed or harrowed and bedded 22 yr earlier, but the reduction in growth occurred on the burn-only (check)plots as well. The reasons for these growth declines were not identified, but it was unlikely that differences between rotations in rainfall patterns, logging damage, or competition were responsible. South. J. Appl. For. 18(1):35-39.

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Dipesh, K. C., Rodney E. Will, Thomas C. Hennessey, and Chad J. Penn. "Evaluating performance of short-rotation woody crops for bioremediation purposes." New Forests 46, no. 2 (October 12, 2014): 267–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11056-014-9460-6.

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Auclair, Daniel, and Luc Bouvarel. "Influence of spacing and short rotations on Populustrichocarpa × deltoides coppice." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-071.

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Height growth and dry woody biomass production were studied on Populustrichocarpa × deltoides (Beaupré) coppiced at 1-, 2-, and 3-year intervals on a converted woodland in central France. For each rotation, two different planting densities were studied, ranging from 2000 to 20 000 cuttings per hectare. The experiment, which lasted for 6 years, allowed comparisons between establishment and subsequent coppice cycles on relatively large treatment plots (400 stools per plot). The highest planting densities yielded fewer shoots per stool and reduced height and diameter growth. Individual stool biomass was reduced by high stool densities; however, total biomass per unit area was higher, resulting from the greater number of stools. Height growth was greatly influenced by climatic variability, principally rainfall. Biomass production was greater after coppicing than during the establishment phase for the 2- and 3-year rotations, in spite of low water availability. Biomass production decreased in the 1-year rotation during 3 years, but was subsequently followed by a higher production, in strong relation with water availability. At the planting density of 5000 per hectare, total biomass yield was higher for the longest rotations. There was no evidence of ageing of the stumps even after six 1-year rotations.

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Amichev, Beyhan Y., Timothy A. Volk, Ryan D. Hangs, Nicolas Bélanger, Vladimir Vujanovic, and Ken C. J. Van Rees. "Growth, survival, and yields of 30 short-rotation willow cultivars on the Canadian Prairies: 2nd rotation implications." New Forests 49, no. 5 (June 7, 2018): 649–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11056-018-9650-8.

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Rédei, Károly, Imre Csiha, and Zsolt Keserű. "Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) Short-Rotation Crops under Marginal Site Conditions." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2011-0010.

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The improvement of the reliability of renewable resources and the decline in reserves of fossile raw material in the coming decades will lead to increasing demands for wood material and consequently to a greater role of short rotation forestry (SRF). Particular efforts have been made in Europe to substitute fossils with renewables, in this context the proportion of renewable energy should be increased to 20% by 2020. SRF can be provide relatively high dendromass (biomass) increment rates if the short rotation tree plantations are grown under favourable site conditions and for an optimum rotation length. However, in many countries only so-called marginal sites are available for setting up tree plantations for energy purpose. For SRF under marginal site conditions black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) can be considered as one of the most promising tree species thanks to its favourable growing characteristics. According to a case study presented in the paper black locust can produce a Mean Annual Increment (MAI) of 2.9 to 9.7 oven-dry tons ha–1 yr–1 at ages between 3 and 7 years using a stocking density of 6667 stems ha–1. On the base of the presented results and according to international literature the expected dendromass volume shows great variation, depending upon site, species, their cultivars, initial spacing and length of rotation cycle.

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Spinelli, Raffaele, Natascia Magagnotti, and Carolina Lombardini. "Low-Investment Fully Mechanized Harvesting of Short-Rotation Poplar (populus spp.) Plantations." Forests 11, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11050502.

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European short-rotation poplar plantations are harvested at 5–8 year rotations and produce relatively small stems (0.05–0.10 m3), which represent a major challenge when designing a cost-effective harvesting chain. Until now, the challenge has been met through whole-tree chipping, which allows mass-handling all through the harvesting chain. However, the production of higher value logs for the panel industry requires devising different solutions. This study presents a fully mechanized low-investment system using an excavator-based feller-buncher shear, a grapple skidder obtained from the conversion of a common farm tractor and an excavator-mounted grapple saw adapted to work as a makeshift slasher. The system was tested in Northwestern Italy, achieving high productivity (between 14 and 20 t fresh weight per scheduled machine hour) and low harvesting cost (between 9 and 14 € t−1 fresh weight). However, crosscutting quality needs further improvement, because almost 50% of the logs did not meet factory specifications. Solutions to solve this issue are proposed. The tested system is suitable for local small-scale operators because it can be acquired with a reasonable capital investment (400,000 €) and it is versatile enough for use in a number of alternative jobs, when the coppice harvesting season is over.

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Herbohn, John L., and Stephen R. Harrison. "The Evolving Nature of Small-Scale Foresty in Australia." Journal of Forestry 102, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/102.1.42.

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Abstract Two forms of small-scale forestry are developing in Australia, each with different impacts on rural communities. One is based on growing short-rotation Eucalyptus globulus (blue gum) for pulp and the other on production of higher-value products from longer-rotation native hardwoods. Several impediments exist to further development of small-scale forestry, including the lack of a small-scale forestry culture, concerns over harvest rights, lack of market development, the long wait for returns, and satisfaction with current land uses. Nevertheless, the rapid increase in farm woodlot establishment in the past five years has paralleled the strong increase in the private industrial plantation estate. As markets develop and hindrances are overcome, landholders not previously interested in small-scale forestry may consider it a worthwhile land use.

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De Franchi, Antonio Sergio, Luigi Todaro, Teodoro Di Tommaso, Nicola Moretti, and Stella Lovelli. "Short Rotation Forestry (SRF) in a Mediterranean Environment Under Limited Energy Inputs." Italian Journal of Agronomy 5, no. 4 (October 19, 2010): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2010.392.

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Hasselgren, K. "Utilization of sewage sludge in short-rotation energy forestry: a pilot study." Waste Management & Research 17, no. 4 (August 1999): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x9901700402.

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OTTO, S., D. LODDO, and G. ZANIN. "Weed-poplar competition dynamics and yield loss in Italian short-rotation forestry." Weed Research 50, no. 2 (April 2010): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2010.00763.x.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Short rotation forestry'

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