Relevant bibliographies by topics / Short C fibre

Academic literature on the topic 'Short C fibre'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Ahmad, Husam, Jonas Stiller, Erik Päßler, Daisy Nestler, Guntram Wagner, and Lothar Kroll. "Influence of Initial Fibre Length and Content Used in the Injection Moulding of CFRP on the Properties of C/C and C/C-SiC Composites." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.171.

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The production of C/C-SiC composites comprises a three-stage process: forming (CFRP-composite), pyrolysis (C/C-composite) and liquid silicon infiltration (C/C-SiC). A new promising approach for the manufacturing of CFRP intermediate composites is the injection moulding of customised granulates (novolac resin, hardener, processing additives and short carbon fibre) produced by compounding technique. To date, a direct dosing of short carbon fibre into the compounder was technically not realisable due to fibre separation and electrostatic charging in the hopper. A possible substitute solution has been the direct feeding of a carbon fibre bundle from a roving into the compounder. However, this is associated with a severe damage of the fibres and an inaccurate adjustment of the fibres content. In the present article, new chopped carbon fibres provided with an adapted sizing to be directly dosed into the compounder are used. The fibres possess a predefined length of 3 and 6 mm and their content amounts to 50 and 58 wt.%. The influence of the initial fibre length and fibre content on the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting CFRP-, C/C-and C/C-SiC-composites is presented and discussed. In addition, the impact of fibre feeding procedure at the compounding stage on the microstructure is considered
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Shibata, Mitsuhiro, Retsu Makino, Ryutoku Yosomiya, and Hiroyuku Takeishi. "Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites Reinforced with Short Sisal Fibres." Polymers and Polymer Composites 9, no. 5 (July 2001): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110100900504.

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Poly(butylene succinate) composites reinforced with short sisal fibre were prepared by melt mixing and subsequent injection moulding. The influence of fibre length, fibre content and the surface treatment of the natural fibres on the mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. Regarding fibre length, the tensile and flexural properties of the composites had maxima at a fibre length of about 5 mm. The flexural and tensile moduli of the composites increased with increasing fibre content. Although the tensile strength hardly changed, the flexural strength increased up to a fibre content of 10 wt%. The dynamic mechanical analysis of the composites showed that the storage moduli at above ca.-16°C (corresponding to the glass transition temperature of the matrix) increased with increasing fibre content.
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Lee, Jae-Seol, and Toyohiko Yano. "Effect of Reinforcements on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of SiC Short-Fibre-Reinforced SiC Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 13, no. 4 (July 2004): 096369350401300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369350401300403.

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Tyranno SA fibre was higher strength at high temperatures and higher thermal conductivity than that of Hi-Nicalon fibre. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of reinforcements on the mechanical and thermal properties of SiC/SiC composites containing non-coated Tyranno SA short fibres. SiC/SiC composites containing 30 vol.% short fibres were fabricated by tape-casting and hot-pressing at 1650°C–1750°C under a pressure of 40 MPa using an Al2O3-Y2O3-CaO mixture as sintering additives independent of fibre type.
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Fíla, Tomáš, Petr Koudelka, Daniel Kytýr, Jiri Hos, and Jan Šleichrt. "Creep behaviour of a short-fibre C/PPS composite." Materiali in tehnologije 50, no. 3 (June 17, 2016): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2014.208.

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Hausherr, J. M., M. Eitel, and W. Krenkel. "Determination of material properties for short fibre reinforced C/C-SiC." MATEC Web of Conferences 29 (2015): 00005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20152900005.

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Mohammed, Abdullahi Ali, Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya, Étienne Joseph Marie Delbrel, Choong Wee Kang, Sien Ti Kok, Haryati Yaacob, Norhidayah Abdul Hassan, Nor Hayati Abdul Hamid, and Noram Irwan Ramli. "Stiffness Modulus of Asphaltic Concrete Incorporating Coir Fibre and Subjected to Aging." E3S Web of Conferences 65 (2018): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186502003.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the performance response of a set of coir fibre modified asphalt samples subjected different ageing conditions and containing three different fibre contents. The laboratory experimental programs are indirect tensile test at 25°C and repeated load axial test at 40°C. The results showed that the fibres improved the mixture’s performance. The main findings obtained at 25°C for short and long-term ageing reveal that low fibre content at around 0.3% per aggregate weight display a stiffness modulus up to 14% higher than that of unmodified mixtures, hence showing that fibres may improve the bearing capacity and rut-resistance of asphalt mixtures. Conversely, as the amount of fibre increases to 0.5% and 0.7%, the stiffness decreases to the point of becoming unacceptably low, almost 80% lower than unmodified mixes stiffness. However the data also reveal that high fibre contents at 0.5% and above completely neutralize the impact of ageing on the mixture, indicating that fibre-modified mixtures would yield longer lives.
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Raether, Friedrich, Jürgen Meinhardt, and Andreas Kienzle. "Oxidation behaviour of carbon short fibre reinforced C/SiC composites." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 27, no. 2-3 (January 2007): 1217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.04.019.

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Ajukumar, Kodappully Anilan, Kumaraswamy Kaliamma Ajith Kumar, Kuriakkattil Kunjayyappan Ravikumar, Thazhavilai Ponnu Deva Rajan, Uma Thanu Subramonia Pillai, and Bellambettu Chandrasekhara Pai. "Fabrication and Characterization of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced AZ91 Mg Alloy Composites." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.347.

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Short carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 magnesium alloy matrix composites have been made by stir casting technique. The microstructure and the fibre matrix interfacial region of the composites characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopes reveal uniform distribution of fiber in the matrix and good interfacial bonding respectively. Increase in compressive strength values are observed with increase in fiber content where as the room and high temperature (150°C) strength properties are found to decrease marginally. The microfractograph of the tensile fractured surface reveals mixed type of fracture.
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Lin, Jeng-Shyong. "Effect of Heat Treatment on the Impact Strength of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene." Polymers and Polymer Composites 10, no. 8 (November 2002): 607–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110201000804.

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The improvement of the interfacial adhesion of glass fibre reinforced polypropylene composites by heat treatment was studied. Polypropylene blended with short glass fibres was injection moulded. The moulded specimens were heat treated at various temperatures and for various times. Characterization of the mechanical properties of the samples was performed, including measurement of the critical fibre length. Impact tests were performed. The fracture surfaces were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The results show that the impact strength increased with the testing temperature. At 25°C, the impact strength was dominated by the fibre fracture mechanism. At temperatures above 120°C, it was strongly influenced by the PP matrix. At higher temperatures, the impact strength increased significantly because of the formation of extra cracks.
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Nier, Natalia, Erik Päßler, Julia Weißhuhn, Kristina Roder, Daisy Nestler, Lothar Kroll, Stefan Spange, and Guntram Wagner. "Evaluation of the moulding process for production of short-fibre-reinforced C/C-SiC composites." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 40, no. 4 (April 2020): 1057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.12.020.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Weyrer, Christopher. "Molecular mechanisms of presynaptic plasticity and function in the mammalian brain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274977.

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Synaptic plasticity describes efficacy changes in synaptic transmission and ranges in duration from tens to hundreds of milliseconds (short-term), to hours and days (long-term). Short-term plasticity plays crucial roles in synaptic computation, information processing, learning, working and short-term memory as well as its dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. The main aim of my PhD thesis was to determine the molecular mechanisms of different forms of presynaptic plasticity. Short-term facilitation increases neurotransmitter release in response to a high-frequency pair (paired-pulse facilitation; PPF) or train (train facilitation; TF) of presynaptic stimuli. Synaptotagmin 7 (Syt7) has been shown to act as residual calcium (Ca$_{res}$) sensor for PPF and TF at various synapses. Syt7 also seems to be involved in recovery from depression, whereas its role in neurotransmission remains controversial. My aim was to express Syt7 in a synapse where it is not normally found and determine how it affects short-term synaptic plasticity. Immunohistochemistry indicated that Syt7 is not localized to cerebellar climbing fibers (CFs). Wild-type (WT) and Syt7 knockout (KO) recordings at CF to Purkinje cell (CF-PC) synapses established that at near-physiological external calcium (Ca$_{ext}$) levels both genotypes displayed similar recovery from paired-pulse depression. In low Ca$_{ext}$,WT CF-PC synapses showed robust PPF, which turned out to be independent of Syt7. All my experiments strongly suggested that WT CFs do not express native Syt7, but display low Ca$_{ext}$ CF-PC PPF and TF. Thus, channelrhodopsin-2 and Syt7 were bicistronically expressed via AAV9 virus in CFs. This ectopic Syt7 expression in CFs led to big increases in low-Ca$_{ext}$ CF-PC facilitation, more than doubling PPF and more than tripling TF. While overexpression of Syt7 might turn out to have an effect on the initial release probability (pr), the observed CF-PC facilitation increase still critically depended on presynaptic Syt7 expression. And when comparing only cells in a defined EPSC1 amplitude range, the Syt7-induced increase in low-Ca$_{ext}$ PPF could not be accounted for by changes in initial pr, suggesting a general role for Syt7 as calcium sensor for facilitation. Another form of short-term plasticity, post-tetanic potentiation (PTP), is believed to be mediated presynaptically by calcium-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms that phosphorylate Munc18-1 proteins. It is unknown how generally applicable this mechanism is throughout the brain and if other proteins might be able to modulate PTP. Combining genetic (PKCαβy triple knockout [TKO] and Munc18-1SA knock-in [Munc18 KI] mice, in which Munc18- 1 cannot get phosphorylated) with pharmacological tools (PKC inhibitor GF109203), helped us show that PTP at the cerebellar parallel fiber to Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapse seems to depend on PKCs but seems mostly independent of Munc18-1 phosphorylation. In addition, compared to WT animals, genetic elimination of presynaptic active zone protein Liprin-α3 led to similar PF-PC PTP and paired-pulse ratios (PPRs). At the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse previous pharmacological studies suggested that PKC mediates PTP. A genetic approach helped to show that calcium dependent PKCs do not seem to be required for CA3-CA1 PTP. Pharmacologically inhibiting protein kinase A as well as genetically eliminating Syt7 also had no effect on CA3-CA1 PTP. In addition, Ca IM-AA mutant mice, in which Ca$_{v}$2.1 channels have a mutated IQ-like motif (IM) so that it cannot get bound by calcium sensor proteins any more, not only displayed regular PTP, but also normal PPF and TF at CA3-CA1 synapses. In conclusion, my PhD thesis helped further characterize different forms of presynaptic plasticity, underlined that short-term synaptic plasticity can be achieved through diverse mechanisms across the Mammalian brain and supported a potentially general role for synaptotagmin 7 acting as residual calcium sensor for facilitation.
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Ross, Christopher Schultz Kaye Jason P. "Labile C constrains soil respiration in ponderosa pine forests during short-term precipitation manipulation and long-term crown fire recovery." 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-3100/index.html.

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Books on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Short stories for students: Presenting analysis, context, and criticism on commonly studied short stories. Detroit, Mich: Gale, 2012.

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Short stories for students: Presenting analysis, context, and criticism on commonly studied short stories. Detroit, Mich: Gale, 2010.

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Short Stories for Students: Presenting Analysis, Context & Criticism on Commonly Studied Short Stories. Gale Research Inc, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Nier, N., D. Nestler, H. Gurk, K. Roder, G. Wagner, E. Pä ßler, L. Kroll, J. Weißhuhn, and St Spange. "Influence of the Annealing Process Parameters in the Production of New Short-Fibre-Reinforced C/C-SIC Composites." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 85–96. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119407270.ch9.

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Gosden, Chris. "3. In the beginning—African origins and global movements." In Prehistory: A Very Short Introduction, 25–41. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198803515.003.0003.

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‘In the beginning—African origins and global movements’ outlines the history of human ancestors, who split off from the other great apes in the late Miocene (c.7 mya (million years ago)). The most accepted direct ancestors to modern humans are the Australopethicines, appearing c.4 mya. From c.2.4 mya, the first members of the early Homo genus appear in east Africa. The first hominin to leave Africa was probably Homo erectus c.1.8 mya. It is thought today’s world population descends from a common ancestral group in Africa, spreading just under 100,000 years ago into the Middle East and then Europe, Asia, and beyond. Tool and fire use is also discussed.
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Valentine, David W., and Knut Kielland. "Patterns of Biogeochemistry in Alaskan Boreal Forests." In Alaska's Changing Boreal Forest. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195154313.003.0021.

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As the northernmost forest on Earth, boreal forests endure a combination of environmental challenges common only in subalpine forests elsewhere: extremely cold winters, short growing seasons, cold soils, and limited nutrient availability. Consequently, decomposition has lagged plant production, making circumpolar boreal forest soils one of the largest terrestrial reservoirs of carbon (C). Soil organic matter also constitutes a major source of nutrients, particularly nitrogen (N), that promote plant productivity when released during decomposition. If current trends in high-latitude warming continue (Chapter 4), how will accelerated soil C losses from decomposition compare to the C gains from enhanced plant productivity? This remains an open question of great interest to climate modelers seeking to incorporate biological feedbacks into future generations of general circulation models. This chapter builds on earlier chapters on plants (Chapters 11 and 12), herbivores (Chapter 13), and soil microbes (Chapter 14) to describe the patterns and processes of C and N dynamics in Alaska’s boreal forest, paying particular attention to responses of these processes to the interacting influences of disturbance and climatic variations that occur across the landscape and through time. Other nutrients have received less attention in Alaskan research, and that data gap is reflected in this chapter. Interior Alaska’s boreal forest is a patchwork of successional forest types. The major physiographic zones into which we categorize them reflect the contrasting influences of two major disturbance types: fire in upland and lowland areas results in multiple secondary successional pathways, while a more ordered array of forest types results from a combination of primary succession and variation in flooding frequency during succession on active floodplains (Chapter 7). Within each general physiographic zone (uplands and lowlands, floodplains), differences in the postdisturbance environment further influence vegetation establishment, plant species composition, and, ultimately, element cycling. The state factor approach has proven useful in understanding landscape variation in biogeochemistry (Chapter 1; Van Cleve et al. 1991). As with other aspects of ecosystem function, element cycling reflects control exerted by major state factors: climate, parent material, potential vegetation, topography, and time since the most recent disturbance event.
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Conference papers on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Boba, Katarzyna, Ian Bond, and Richard Trask. "Thermal Ageing Mitigation of FRP Composites Using Vascular Networks." In ASME 2014 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2014-7615.

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Incorporation of multifunctionality to fibre reinforced polymer composite materials delivers many benefits. One example includes improved longevity of components through increasing permissible temperatures of operation, which could be achieved via in-situ cooling. As the temperature of composite components approaches the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the matrix, thermal stress induced ageing greatly increases [1], [2], thus the incentive for integrated cooling. In order to assess the damage, which could be caused by exposure to elevated temperatures, isothermal ageing was performed at a temperature 15°C lower than the materials Tg (2200 hours at 110°C). Material used in this study is a carbon/epoxy prepreg system (Gurit, SE70), with a Tg of 126°C when cured at 110°C. Results have shown a significant drop in Short Beam Shear (SBS) Strength starting after exposure for 1700h and increase in fibre bridging seen in mode I Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) testing. Fracture surface analysis using SEM indicated that fibres were generally less well bonded to the matrix, with visible changes began occurring as early as 1000h exposure. These results indicate that extended exposure of a material at near Tg temperatures has a detrimental effect on material properties. To mitigate against this phenomenon, a series of tests were performed on SBS and DCB specimens in a raised temperature (110°C) environment, which incorporated in-situ cooling. The specimens were placed in an oven at 110°C and were cooled down to a constant temperature of 60°C via the internal vascular cooling arrangement. Further testing is underway to assess the inhibition of ageing and maintenance of the original composite material by active cooling using embedded vascular networks.
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Simpson, P., M. Holthaus, and C. Ulven. "Advancements in Short-Fiber Composites VIA Stereolithography." In CAMX 2019. NA SAMPE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33599/nasampe/c.19.0805.

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Ovlaque, P., M. Bayart, S. Elkoun, and M. Robert. "Short Milkweed Floss Fiber as Efficient Natural Reinforcement for Polymeric Materials." In CAMX 2019. NA SAMPE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33599/nasampe/c.19.0729.

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Mutig, A., W. Hofmann, S. A. Blokhin, P. Wolf, P. Moser, A. M. Nadtochiy, D. Bimberg, and J. A. Lott. "High Speed High Temperature Stable 980 nm VCSELs Operating Error-Free at 25 Gbit/s up to 85 °C for Short Reach Optical Interconnects." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2011.otuq3.

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Morey, W. W., G. A. Ball, G. Meltz, J. R. Dunphy, and A. D. Kersey. "Advances in Fiber Grating Sensors." In Photosensitivity and Quadratic Nonlinearity in Glass Waveguides. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pqn.1995.pmc.1.

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Properly annealed fiber gratings can be used as sensor transducer elements at temperatures of 400° C over long periods of time without measurable changes. At 650° C, however, a problem was observed with creep or hysteresis of the grating response. At even higher temperatures diffusion of the core material will become a problem for long term operation. A couple new decoding schemes for fiber grating sensors use matched gratings and acousto-optic tunable filter in the decoding unit These systems can measure many grating transducer elements simultaneously with high sensitivity. Short cavity fiber lasers that utilized fiber gratings can also act as sensor transducer elements giving one ultra high sensitivities that are limited by the fundamental noise in the fiber. One fiber laser sensor uses hetrodyning to generate a signal that can be measured on an RF spectrum analyzer. New techniques for simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain will also be discussed.
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MONDAL, ANIRBAN, KUNTAL MAITY, MRINAL C. SAHA, and YINGTAO LIU. "DIRECT-INK-WRITING (DIW) OF HIGHER WEIGHT CONCENTRATION OF MILLED CARBON FIBER (MCF) REINFORCED EPOXY COMPOSITE." In Thirty-sixth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc36/35760.

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Additive manufacturing or 3D printing of short carbon fiber composites is highly inclined toward thermoplastic material. Recently, there is some interest in developing 3D printing technology for thermosetting polymers and composites. Direct-ink-writing (DIW) of short fiber epoxy composites containing milled carbon fibers (MCF) exhibits the potential to replace the traditional composite material as it showcases the inherent capability of fabricating complex geometries, facile material processing, continuous printing capability coupled with low cost. Previous research in 3D printing of short carbon fiber epoxy composites suffered heavily from the limitation of printing low carbon fiber weight concentrations. This study developed a straightforward technique of designing the epoxy ink containing high weight concentration MCF (~40wt%) and a small concentration of thixotropic filler (3-wt%) for DIW using a pneumatic pressure-driven extruder having micron size tapered nozzle. This paper also intends to contribute to a better understanding of the effect of printing parameters on DIW. Furthermore, the printing parameters were optimized using non-dimensionalized constant C. Optimized printing condition was further used to print different geometry ranging from dog bone with 100% infill to 4-layer hollow circle and 3-layer hollow square with 0% infill. Lastly, ink exhibits the capability to self-support multi-layer geometrical structures during printing.
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Tang, Ye-xin, Zhi-gang Zhang, Ming Guo, and Shu-bin Sun. "Experimental Study on Burning Process and Characteristic of Sodium Columnar Fire." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30943.

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A variety of sodium fire generated by the leakage of liquid sodium in the FBR is common. This paper focuses on the burning process and characteristics of sodium fire in a columnar flow. About 290°C liquid sodium was injected into a 7.9 m3 stainless steel cylindrical combustion space to shape the sodium columnar fire by 0.2 MPa high pressure nitrogen. The data of temperature field for the study of burning characteristic of sodium columnar fire have been collected by the temperature acquisition system located in the combustion space. The sodium flow maintains the columnar shape at first, and disperses by hydrodynamic effects on its way down. About 64s after the initiating time of sodium ejection for this experiment, the maximum temperature of the area close to the ejection center reaches over 1200°C. And the maximum temperature appears at the space of 1–1.5m from the plate. But the high temperature lasts for a short time and reduces rapidly. The radial temperature of the area far from the sodium flow is relatively low and generally about 200°C, and maximally about 350 °C. This study is helpful to evaluate the combustion characteristics and burning process of the sodium fire in the sodium-related facilities.
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Kong, Xujie, Ying Yu, Yuqiu Yang, Jungang Li, Mengyuan Liao, and Manabu Nomura. "Mechanical Property and Degradation in Hot Water of Injection Molded Glass Short Fiber/Wood Powder/Polypropylene Hybrid Composites." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64475.

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As well known, natural fibers absorb water easily that will affect the mechanical property considerably and there exists a problem of incompatibility which leads the weak interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the resin matrix because of the hygroscopic nature of natural fibers. Therefore, conducting hot water immersion and tensile test is necessary to study the mechanical property and degradation. In this study, glass fiber/wood powder/pp. hybrid composites were prepared by injection molding process at a fixed reinforcement to matrix ratio of 51:49. 3 kinds of hybrid specimens with glass fiber/wood powder ratios of 51:0, 21:30, and 0:51 were fabricated. The hydrothermal aging performance was investigated during the 80°C hot water immersion experiment with a series of immersion time and the effect of hot water immersion on the mechanical properties of composites have been evaluated based on the tensile test. Results showed that both the strength and modulus of hybrid composite decrease obviously as the immersion time increase, which can be considered that the hydroscopic property of natural fiber would decrease the durability of composite in humidity environment. And the skin-core structure comes from injection molded process contributes to the better hydrothermal aging property of Glass/PP composite.
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Kremensas, Arūnas, Agnė Kairytė Kairytė, Saulius Vaitkus, Sigitas Vėjelis, Giedrius Balčiūnas, Anna Strąkowska, and Sylwia Członka. "Mechanical performance of biodegradable hemp shivs and corn starch-based biocomposite boards." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.132.

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For the production of traditional building materials, excavated natural resources are used. The production process of such materials requires high-energy demands, wherefore, high amounts of CO2 gases, which have a great impact on climate change, are emitted. Only a small part of such materials is effectively recycled and reused. Generally, they are transported to landfills, which rapidly expand and may pollute the soil, groundwater and air. Currently, a great attention is paid to the production of novel building materials. The aim is to use as less excavated materials as possible and replace them by natural renewable resources. Therefore, the recycling and utilisation at the end of life cycle of such materials would be easier and generation of waste would reduce. This way, the efforts of switching to circular economy are being put. One of the approaches – wider application of vegetable-based raw materials (cultivated and uncultivated agricultural plants). The usage of fibre hemp shives (HS) as an aggregate and corn stach (CS) as a binding material allows development of biocomposite boards (WPCs) which could contribute to the solution of the before mentioned problems. Bio-sourced materials combined with a polymer matrix offer an interesting alternative to traditional building materials. To contribute to their wider acceptance and application, an investigation into the use of wood-polymer composite boards is presented. In this study, biocomposite boards for the building industry are reported. WPCa are fabricated using a dry incorporation method of corn starch and HS treatment with water at 100 °C. The amount of CS and the size of the HS fraction are evaluated by means of compressive, bending and tensile strength, as well as microstructure. The results show that the rational amount of CS, independently on HS fraction, is 10 wt.%. The obtained WPCs have compressive stress at 10% of deformation in the range of (2.4–3.0) MPa, bending of (4.4–6.3) MPa and tensile strength of (0.23– 0.45) MPa. Additionally, the microstructural analysis shows that 10 wt.% of CS forms a sufficient amount of contact zones that strengthen the final product. The obtained average density (~319–408 kg/m3) indicate that, according to European normative document EN 316, WPCs can be classified as softboards and used as self-bearing structural material for building industry. Based on the requirements, WPCs can be applied in dry and humid conditions for the internal and external uses without loading (EN 622-4, section 4.2) or as load-bearing boards in dry and humid conditions for instantaneous or short-term load duration (EN 622-4, section 4.3).
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Vail, E. C., R. E. Nabiev, and C. J. Chang-Hasnain. "Temperature dependent characteristics of 0.98-μm strained-quantum-well lasers." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1994.cfe4.

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Semiconductor lasers emitting in the 0.98-μm wavelength regime are promising for pumping optical fiber amplifiers and solid-state lasers. Although the short wavelength lasers are typically observed to have a high characteristic temperature To, their differential efficiencies often decrease rapidly with temperature increase, which can cause serious problems in many applications. In this work, we investigate the physical causes of this temperature dependence experimentally as well as theoretically with buried heterostructure InGa As / InGaAsP / InGaP strained quantum well lasers. Laser bars of various cavity lengths were measured at temperatures between 10°C to 160°C. Testing unbonded laser bars allows us to perform measurements of many lasers with similar conditions. Thus, effects due to unintentional variations from fabrication or cleaving can be eliminated.
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Reports on the topic "Short C fibre"

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Halevy, Orna, Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni, and Israel Rozenboim. Enhancement of meat production by monochromatic light stimuli during embryogenesis: effect on muscle development and post-hatch growth. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586471.bard.

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The original objectives were: A. To determine the critical embryonic age for monochromatic green light stimulation. B. To follow the ontogeny of embryos exposed to monochromatic green light vs. darkness. C. To investigate the effects of monochromatic green light illumination on myoblast and fiber development in the embryo. D. To investigate the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on growth and meat production. E. To evaluate the direct effect of monochromatic green light on cultured embryonic and adult myoblasts. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of monochromatic light stimuli during incubation period of broilers on muscle development and satellite cell myogenesis. Based on previous studies (Halevy et al., 1998; Rozenboim et al., 1999) that demonstrated the positive effects of green-light illumination on body and muscle growth, we hypothesized that monochromatic light illumination accelerates embryo and muscle development and subsequently enhances muscle growth and meat production. Thus, further decreases management costs. Under the cooperation of the laboratories at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and University of Washington we have conducted the following: 1. We have established the critical stage for exposure to green monochromatic light which has the maximal effect on body and muscle growth (Objective A). We report that embryonic day 5 is optimal for starting illumination. The optimal regime of lighting that will eliminate possible heat effects was evaluated by monitoring egg core temperature at various illumination periods. We found that intermitted lighting (15 min. on; 15 min. off) is optimal to avoid heat effects. 2. We have evaluated in detail gross changes in embryo development profile associated to green light stimuli vs. darkness. In addition, we have investigated the stimulatory effect of light combinations during embryo and post-hatch periods on body and muscle growth (Objective B,D). 3. We have studied the expression profile of muscle regulatory proteins during chicken muscle cell differentiation in cultures using newly developed antibodies. This study paved the way for analyzing the expression of these proteins in our photo stimulation experiments (Objective C). 4. We have studied the pattern ofPax7 expression during myogenesis in the posthatch chicken. Experimental chick pectoralis muscles as well adult myoblast cultures were used in this study and the results led us to propose a novel model for satellite cell differentiation and renewal. 5. The effects of monochromatic green light illumination during embryogenesis have been studied. These studies focused on fetal myoblast and satellite cell proliferation and differentiation at pre- and posthatch periods and on the effects on the expression of muscle regulatory proteins which are involved in these processes. In addition, we have analyzed the effect of photo stimulation in the embryo on myofiber development at early posthatch (Objective C). 6. In follow the reviewers' comments we have not conducted Objective E. The information gathered from these studies is of utmost importance both, for understanding the molecular basis of muscle development in the posthatch chicks and for applied approach for future broiler management. Therefore, the information could be beneficial to agriculture in the short term on the one hand and to future studies on chick muscle development in the embryo and posthatch on the other hand.
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