Academic literature on the topic 'Shop signs'
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Journal articles on the topic "Shop signs"
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Mubarak, Wahyu, and Kismullah Abdul Muthalib. "A linguistic landscape analysis of shop signs." English Education Journal 12, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 428–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/eej.v12i3.18146.
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It is surprising to find that there have been many shops in Banda Aceh that use English on their signs. This study was conducted to investigate the shop owners’ reasons for using English on their shop signs. To obtain the data from the shop owners, observation sheet and interview guide were used as the research instruments. The data were analyzed by using the model proposed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014). It was found that the 10 shop owners gave four reasons they used English in their shop signs, which can be classified into the themes. They are 1) to be easily remembered; 2) to follow the trend; 3) to use their own name; and 4) to be unique. In conclusion, among four terms of reasons of shop owners in using English in their shop signs, the theme of “becoming unique” or distinctive is the most given reason by the shop owners.
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Mansoor, Siti Salwah, Nurul Huda Hamzah, and R. K. Shangeetha. "Linguistic landscape in Malaysia: The case of language choice used in signboards." Studies in English Language and Education 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 1062–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v10i2.28338.
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This study aimed to investigate the languages used in shop signs in three different areas in Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia. Using a mixed-method approach, this paper identified the preferred language for shop signs in the town of Semenyih, Pelangi Semenyih, and Setia Ecohill, as well as examined the relationship between the language choice in signages and linguistic landscape in Malaysia. A total of 180 signboards was photographed to ensure the impartiality of data collection, and they were coded based on four aspects: full names of the shops in various languages, the business scope of the shops, the number of languages used in shop signs, size of the scripts, and layout of languages highlighted, adopted from the study of Shang and Guo (2017). Questionnaires and interviews with the shop owners were also employed to elicit information about their preferences regarding the language choice for their shop signages, which shed light on the impact of the development in Semenyih towards the choice of shop signages. The findings revealed that, despite the regulations imposed by the local city council (Majlis Perbandaran Kajang (MPKJ) or Kajang Municipal Town Council) on the permissible shop signages, the shop owners still used languages other than the Malay language in their signboards, such as English, Mandarin, and Tamil, with English being the most dominant one. This indicates that, as the towns develop, the linguistic landscape here changes with importance being given to signboards in English compared to Malay.
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Dimova, Slobodanka. "English shop signs in Macedonia." English Today 23, no. 3-4 (October 2007): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078407003057.
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ABSTRACTTHIS STUDY investigates the extent to which English is used in shop signs and windows as part of the names of businesses and other premises, and of notes, advertisements, and slogans in the city of Veles, in Macedonia: a country in south-eastern Europe established in 1991, after the disintegration of Communist Yugoslavia. It is situated in the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula, and borders on Serbia, Albania, Greece, and Bulgaria. Macedonian, a Slavonic language, is its official tongue: the native language of around 66.5% of the population, while Albanian is native to approximately 22.9%. Other languages used in Macedonia are Turkish, Serbian, Romani, and Rumanian.
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Ong, Kenneth Keng Wee, Jean François Ghesquière, and Stefan Karl Serwe. "Frenglish shop signs in Singapore." English Today 29, no. 3 (August 15, 2013): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078413000278.
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The presence of French in advertising communication within largely non-French speaking communities has been noted by a few linguists. Haarmann (1984, 1989) found that French is used in Japanese advertisements as ethno-cultural hieroglyphs which connote refinement, poshness, style and tastefulness – stereotypes of France and French culture. The unintelligibility of French to Japanese patrons is perceived as a non-issue, as social or symbolic meanings are deemed to be more vital to attract patrons than denotational meanings. A parallel case was found in British advertisements of food, fashion and beauty businesses where French symbolism or linguistic fetish is seen as attractive to largely non-French, English-speaking patrons (Kelly-Holmes, 2005). Notably, French symbolic meanings are sometimes accompanied by elaborative messages in English. Kelly-Holmes (2005) noted that English is used only where message comprehension is important for explicit communication. Curtin (2009) documented the fact that ‘vogue’ or ‘display’ French shop names favored by high-end restaurants and beauty salons in Taipei occurred concomitantly with vogue English. Vogue English is relatively more ubiquitous across the city's linguistic landscape due to its connotations being exploited in a wide span of applications vis-à-vis the chic prestige of French, which is tied to food, beauty and fashion businesses. The Taipei case shows that non-idiomatic French is employed as a socio-commercial accessory, similar to the case of decorative English used in Japan (Dougill, 1987) and in Milan, Italy (Ross, 1997). However, a more recent study on Tokyo shop signs gleaned linguistic patterns other than vogue English and vogue French (MacGregor, 2003), such as French + Japanese and English + French + Japanese. A recent study by Serwe et al. (in press) found that French and French-like shop names are increasingly in currency, with local shop owners keen to stand out and appeal to the increasingly cosmopolitan and sophisticated clientele in Singapore, who are nevertheless overwhelmingly non-French speaking. They further found that French and French-inspired shop signs of food businesses can be classified into four categories, namely, monolingual French, French + another language, French function words + another language, and coinages, noting that there are idiomatic usages and non-idiomatic usages in the first three categories. In this paper, we throw the spotlight on coinages, which we argue are mostly explicable as French-English code-switched blends. We focus on localized nominal concoctions used by shop owners across food and beauty commercial entities within Singapore. We borrowed the term ‘Frenglish’ from Martin's (2007) study to refer to the French-English blends. However, we noted that Martin's study focused on the use of English in advertising communication in France, where English is the minority language that is largely sidelined by the Toubon Law. Contrastively, English in Singapore is de facto the national language, while French is a foreign language with few speakers.
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Almathkuri, Jalal. "Foreign Language Influence: A Case Study of English on Shop Signs in Taif City of Saudi Arabia." International Journal of English Linguistics 13, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n1p105.
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This study investigates the presence of English as the business language in Taif, Saudi Arabia. It also explores the influence and familiarity of English in the business sector. Linguistic landscape of 162 photos of commercial shops and interview of seven shop owners were employed to analyze the language use of shop signs in the Taif market. The study results were classified into three major categories, bilingual, transliteration and monolingual signs. The research has revealed that English is used as a prestigious language that is necessary to attract customers. However, Arabic presence is inevitably needed because of the linguistic background of the customers. The study concluded that in relation to the extent of using English in shop signs, and the frequent use of English words, whether on the bilingual signs or the transliteration ones, there is a need of policy formulation and implementation for lexical assimilation of borrowed words of English.
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ALHyari, Dania A., and Jihad M. Hamdan. "A Linguistic Study of Shop Signs in Salt, Jordan." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1005.05.
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Shop signs are seen as a reflection of the socio-cultural background of the place in which the shop is located. This paper studies the shop signs in Salt, Jordan because it is one of the most popular cities in the country and it has not yet been explored adequately. These shop sings are collected from two main streets in two different areas of Salt: Hamzih Prince Street and Al Hamam Street. A digital camera is used to capture the shop signs on these streets. In addition, the study examines the shop signs using both quantitative and qualitative measures. It focuses on the language choice, the arrangement of languages and the linguistic features of these signs, i.e. phonetic, morphological, semantic, and syntactic. In addition, it studies the pragmatic functions of these shop signs. The study concludes that Salt is a conservative and traditional county in Jordan.
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Almuhajri, Mrouj, and Ching Y. Suen. "AI Based Approach for Shop Classification and a Comparative Study with Human." Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 02, no. 03 (2022): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.54364/aaiml.2022.1129.
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The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence algorithms have sharpened the focus on street signs due to their prevalence. Some street signs have consistent shapes and pre-defined colors and fonts, such as traffic signs while others are characterized by their visual variability like shop signboards. This variations create a complicated challenge for AI-based systems to classify them. In this paper, the annotation of the ShoS dataset were extended to include more attributes for shop classification. Then, two classifiers were trained and tested utilizing the extended ShoS dataset. SVM showed great performance as its F1-score reached 89.33\%. The classification performance was compared with human performance, and the results showed that our classifier excelled over human performance by about 15\%. The results were discussed, so the factors that affect classification were provided for further enhancement.
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Yusuf, Kamal. "Religious Identity Representation of Arab Diaspora in the Linguistic Landscape of Shop Signs in Sydney, Australia." Issues in Language Studies 11, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ils.4338.2022.
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One of the fascinating issues concerning the Arab diaspora is the way they represent their identity in the new environment in which they live, interacting with the indigenous and other communities. This identity representation can be expressed through language and religion. This study aimed at describing the language use and religious identity representation of Arab diaspora depicted from shop signs in Sydney. The data consisted of pictures that were collected from commercial shops along the Haldon Street of Sydney, Australia. The findings demonstrated that language choices are varied in the linguistic landscape of shop signs. English is the predominant language used, while Arabic is used in the domain related to religion. This study also found the use of Islamic expressions in commercial signage is not only informative but also a symbolic function. The use of Islamic expressions is intended to assert their Islamic identity representation through the linguistic landscape of shop signs.
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Schäfer, Werner. "Stielvoll und Ideenreich." Lebende Sprachen 66, no. 1 (April 9, 2021): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2021-0006.
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Abstract This article deals with a linguistic phenomenon of increasing presence in everyday life which has found little attention in linguistic studies: humorous shop signs in German, shop signs involving word play. This article locates such shop signs within the study of linguistic landscapes, to which they belong but in which they have so far played no more than a minor role, the academic discussion of linguistic landscapes generally focussing on the function of linguistic phenomena in everyday life, above all the function of different languages in bilingual contexts. This article, in contrast, besides the function, examines the specific linguistic form of such shop signs, the syntactic, morphological and lexical particularities of German which allow such wordplay. The article closes with some didactic considerations regarding the exploitation of such shop signs in language tuition.
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Al-Kharabsheh, Aladdin, Bakri Al-Azzam, and Marwan M. Obeidat. "Lost in Translation: Shop Signs in Jordan." Meta 53, no. 3 (November 6, 2008): 717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019255ar.
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Abstract Shop signs, in the Jordanian public commercial environment, have invariably been studied from linguistic, sociolinguistic, and pragmatic perspectives, but they have been utterly ignored from a translational point of view. This study, the first of its kind, investigates various problems and inadequacies pertinent to the subject under discussion. Shop signs are selected here from a number of heterogeneous cities, and the translation errors therein, committed by communicators, were empirically analyzed and categorized. Language and culture are, of necessity, inextricably intertwined, and this nexus is particularly apparent in the world of local commercial shop signs, and thus it has been tackled for its direct relevance to the translation of these signs. This investigation, therefore, highlights the linguistic (e.g., word-order, wrong lexical choice, and reductionist strategies), and extralinguistic (i.e., sociocultural and promotional) factors that have turned out to lead to translation inappropriateness and unparallelisms, information skewing, and, consequently, serious semantic-conceptual problems in the produced TLTs. This study may, in a way, provide educated insight into the trendiest translation practices in this field, and the way shop signs are most often verbalized, mishandled, and mistranslated.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shop signs"
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Lo, Elsa, and n/a. "Chinese architectonic code : a semiotic study of shop signs in Sydney's Chinatown." University of Canberra. Communication, 1994. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060818.132847.
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This study aims to furnish a semiotic reading of Sydney's Chinatown by
analysing the environmental meanings codified in that particular context.
The basic unit of analysis is the shop sign. Some features underlying sign
formations in Sydney's Chinatown are identified and the communication
process involved in its organisation of meanings and space is explored.
The thesis is organised into three parts. The first part gives an
introduction to the background of study and examines theories on
architectural semiotics and its relation to visual communication. It consists
of three chapters. Chapter 1 defines the scope of the study and outlines the
objectives and goals of research. Chapter 2 focuses on two related fields of
architectural semiotics, viz. semiotics of objects and semiotics of space.
Evaluation of semiotic approaches and behavioural science approaches to
the study of objects and space is made. Some of the theories discussed are
applied to give a profile of shop signs from a visual semiotic perspective. In
Chapter 3 a description of the methods of research and an outline of the
analytical framework of this study are given.
The two chapters of Part Two provide some background information
on various conceptions of "Chinatown". Chapter 4 discusses the
development features of Chinatowns in North America, which reveal that
there are divergent perceptions of Chinatowns. Chapter 5 describes the
development of Sydney's Chinatown and underlines some of its distinctive
features.
In Part Three the results of the study are presented. Chapter 6 focuses
on the codification of meanings realised in Sydney's Chinatown. Chapter 7
is concerned with elements of sign formations and examines the
communicative functions of shop signs in the Chinatown context. The
analyses made in these chapters are intended to identify some features of
sign formations in Sydney's Chinatown within an architectonic system.
The thesis concludes with a summary of the study and a discussion of
the applicability of architectural semiotic theories. It is suggested that
further study can be pursued in the direction that contributes to an
understanding of architectonic systems and social communication.
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Dong, Qiao Ling Emma. "Linguistic landscape in Shanghai :a case study of shop name signs on Nanjing Road." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3954238.
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Lee, Siu-tin Anne. "Traditional Chinese shop signs in the Sheung Wan District of Hong Kong the search for historical, cultural and architectural identity /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31473726.
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Finzel, Anna Magdalena. "English in the linguistic landscape of Hong Kong : a case study of shop signs and linguistic competence." Master's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6412/.
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Especially for the last twenty years, the studies of Linguistic Landscapes (LLs) have been gaining the status as an autonomous linguistic discipline. The LL of a (mostly) geographically limited area – which consists of e.g. billboards, posters, shop signs, material for election campaigns, etc. – gives deep insights into the presence or absence of languages in that particular area. Thus, LL not only allows to conclude from the presence of a language to its dominance, but also from its absence to the oppression of minorities, above all in areas where minority languages should – demographically seen – be visible. The LLs of big cities are fruitful research areas due to the mass of linguistic data.
The first part of this paper deals with the theoretical and practical research that has been conducted in LL studies so far. A summary of the theory, methodologies and different approaches is given.
In the second part I apply the theoretical basis to my own case study. For this, the LLs of two shopping streets in different areas of Hong Kong were examined in 2010. It seems likely that the linguistic competence of English must be rather high in Hong Kong, due to the long-lasting influence of British culture and mentality and the official status of the language. The case study's results are based on empirical data showing the objectively visible presence of English in both examined areas, as well as on two surveys. Those were conducted both openly and anonymously.
The surveys are a reinsurance measuring the level of linguistic competence of English in Hong Kong. That level was defined before by an analysis of the LL. Hence, this case study is a new approach to LL analysis which does not end with the description of its material composition (as have done most studies before), but which rather includes its creators by asking in what way people's actual linguistic competence is reflected in Hong Kong's LL.Das Forschungsfeld der Linguistic Landscape (LL) hat sich vor allem in den letzten zwanzig Jahren als autonome Disziplin im Bereich der Sprachwissenschaft emanzipiert. Die LL eines meist geografisch eingegrenzten Gebietes – die beispielsweise aus Reklametafeln, Plakaten, Ladenschildern, Wahlkampfpropaganda, etc. besteht – erlaubt tiefe Einblicke in die An- oder Abwesenheit von Sprachen auf dem jeweiligen Gebiet. Die LL lässt dadurch nicht nur Rückschlüsse auf die Dominanz einer Sprache aufgrund ihrer Anwesenheit zu, sondern auch auf die Unterdrückung einer Minderheit durch die Abwesenheit ihrer Sprache an Orten, an denen die Minderheitensprache demografisch gesehen eigentlich sichtbar sein müsste. Wegen des Überflusses an linguistischen Daten in den LLs großer Städte sind diese ergiebige Tätigkeitsfelder für die Disziplin. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich im ersten Teil mit der theoretischen und praktischen Forschung, die es bislang zu diesem Thema gab. Sie prüft den Stand der Theoriebildung, fasst Methodiken zusammen und gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Ansätze. Im zweiten Teil wird die theoretische Basis auf eine eigene Fallstudie angewendet. Für diese wurden 2010 die LLs zweier Einkaufsstraßen in unterschiedlichen Gegenden Hong Kongs untersucht. Durch den dort lange währenden Einfluss der englischen Kultur und Mentalität und den offiziellen Status der Sprache liegt der Schluss nahe, dass die Sprachkompetenz des Englischen in Hong Kong eher hoch sein muss. Die Ergebnisse der Fallstudie basieren sowohl auf der Erhebung von statistischen Daten, die die objektive Anwesenheit des Englischen in der LL beider untersuchten Gegenden zeigt, als auch auf zwei daraus resultierenden Befragungen. Diese wurden zum einen offen, zum anderen anonym durchgeführt. Die Befragungen stellen eine Rückversicherung dar, die den Grad der Sprachkompetenz des Englischen in Hong Kong misst, welcher zuvor anhand der LL festgestellt wurde. Damit bietet die Fallstudie einen neuen Ansatz der Untersuchung einer LL, der im Gegensatz zu vorangegangenen Studien nicht bei der Beschreibung ihrer materiellen Beschaffenheit endet, sondern auch ihre Schöpfenden miteinbezieht und sich fragt, inwiefern die LL von Hong Kong die tatsächliche Sprachkompetenz der Menschen widerspiegelt.
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Barbosa, Wagner. "The design of an integrated production and inventory control system for a traffic sign shop." Ohio : Ohio University, 1990. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183477955.
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李小田 and Siu-tin Anne Lee. "Traditional Chinese shop signs in the Sheung Wan District of HongKong: the search for historical, cultural andarchitectural identity." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31473726.
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Knapp, Colin. "Does network news coverage of legislation in Congress show signs of partisan bias?" [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000553.
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Rathbone, Ingha. "Perceptual-motor development for children who show signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2071.
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Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The influence of a six-week perceptual-motor and attentional skills programme, combined with teaching strategies, on the motor proficiency and attentional abilities of children diagnosed with ADHD was investigated. The five case study individuals (ranging for Grade 1- 7) took part in a six-week Purposeful Play Programme. Baseline, pre-test and post-test scores were obtained from the Bruininks- Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Test (ADHDT). All five case study individuals showed a significant improvement on their motor proficiency during retention tests as well as improvements on some of the behavioural soft signs of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention.
AFRIKAANDE OPSOMMING: Die invloed van ʼn sesweek perseptueel-motoriese en aandagvaardigheidsprogram, gekombineer met onderrigstrategieë, is op die motoriese vaardighede en aandagvermoëns van kinders gediagnoseer met ATHS, bestudeer. Die vyf gevallestudie individue (tussen Graad 1- 7) het aan „n sesweek Purposeful Play Programme deelgeneem. Die basislyn-, voor- en natoetstellings is verkry vanaf die Bruininks- Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) en Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Test (ADHDT). Al vyf gevallestudie individue het ʼn beduidende verbetering in motoriese vaardigheid getoon tydens retensietoetse asook verbetering in sommige van die gedragstekens van hiperaktiwiteit, impulsiwiteit en afleibaarheid.
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Klop, Daleen. "The relationship between narrative skills and reading comprehension : when mainstream learners show signs of specific language impairment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6755.
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Thesis (PhD (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Bibliography
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The attainment of literacy is crucial for survival in a modern industrialised, knowledge-driven society. Children with poor language skills are at risk for academic failure because of the differences between oral language used in daily interactions and the language skills needed to succeed in a formal school environment. The impact of poorly developed oral language skills on the successful acquisition of reading skills, particularly reading comprehension, is often underestimated in the education of young learners in South Africa. Narrative skills form the bridge between oral language and literacy by providing experience in using the extended and decontextualized discourse units that children will encounter in written language. This study investigated the relationship between narrative skills and reading comprehension skills in young learners who are developing literacy. Specific linguistic markers of literacy in the narratives of a group of Grade 3 learners from communities with low socio-economic status were examined. The main research questions this study attempted to answer were: “How do linguistic deficits of learners with poor reading comprehension and specific reading comprehension deficits manifest in their oral narratives?” and “Are there linguistic markers that decisively distinguish between learners with specific reading comprehension deficits and learners with general poor reading skills as compared to learners with normal reading comprehension?” In a quasi-experimental research design, the Grade 3 participants in this study were assigned to three groups: Readers who are competent at word level and comprehension (good reading comprehension group), readers who are competent at word level but poor at comprehension (specific comprehension disorder group) and readers who are poor at both word level and comprehension (poor reading comprehension group). Measurement protocols were used to assess the linguistic variables of interest, namely vocabulary, narrative micro- and macrostructure structure, cohesion, coherence and other aspects of oral language. The results of this study confirmed the relationships between language skills and reading comprehension. It was found that readers with general poor reading skills performed significantly poorer on a variety of linguistic measures than readers with good reading comprehension. The group identified as readers with specific reading comprehension disorders were, in general, not significantly different from the other two groups. This study therefore did not provide clear evidence that readers with specific reading comprehension disorders presented with linguistic markers that could differentiate them from the other groups. The clinical implications for speech-language therapists and educators with regards to assessment and intervention were highlighted.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die behaling van geletterdheid is noodsaaklik om te oorleef in ‘n moderne, geïndustrialiseerde en kennisgedrewe samelewing. Kinders met swak taalvaardighede loop die risiko om akademies te faal weens die verskille tussen die orale taal wat alledaags gebruik word en die taalvaardighede wat vereis word om sukses in formele skoolomgewings te behaal. Die impak van swak orale taalvaardighede op die suksesvolle aanleer van leesvaardighede, spesifiek leesbegrip, word dikwels onderskat in die onderrig van jong Suid-Afrikaanse leerders. Narratiefvaardighede vorm die oorgang tussen orale taal en geletterdheid omdat narratiewe ondervinding verskaf in die gebruik van uitgebreide en gedekontekstualiseerde diskoerseenhede wat kinders in skryftaal teëkom. Hierdie studie het die verband tussen narratiefvaardighede en leesbegrip in jong kinders wat besig is om gelettedheid te ontwikkel, ondersoek. Spesifieke linguistiese merkers vir geletterdheid in die narratiewe van ‘n groep Graad 3 leerders van lae sosio-ekonomiese status, is ondersoek. Die hoof navorsingsvrae van die studie was: “Hoe manifesteer die linguistiese gebreke van leerders met swak leesbegrip en spesifieke leesbegripsprobleme in hul orale narratiewe?” en “Is daar linguistiese merkers wat afdoende onderskei tussen leerders met spesifieke leesbegripsprobleme en leerders met algemene swak leesvaardighede?” In ‘n kwasieksperimentele ontwerp is die deelnemers aan hierdie studie toegeken aan drie groepe: Lesers wat bevoeg is op woordvlak en begripsvlak (groep met goeie leesbegrip), lesers wat bevoeg is op woordvlak, maar met swak begrip (groep met spesifieke leesbegripsprobleme) en lesers wat onbevoeg is op woordvlak en begripsvlak (groep met algemene swak leesvaardighede). Protokolle is gebruik om die linguistiese veranderlikes, naamlik woordeskat, narratief mikro- en makrostruktuur, kohesie, koherensie en ander aspekte van verbale taal, te meet. Die resultate van hierdie studie het die verband tussen taalvaardighede en leesbegrip bevestig. Daar is gevind dat lesers met algemene swak leesvaardighede, in vergelyking met lesers met goeie leesbegrip, beduidend swakker presteer het op verskeie linguistiese metings. Die groep wat geïdentifiseer is as lesers met spesifieke leesbegripsprobleme het, oor die algemeen, nie beduidend van die ander twee groepe verskil nie. Hierdie studie het dus nie duidelike bewyse gevind dat lesers met spesifieke leesbegripsprobleme linguistiese merkers vertoon het wat hulle van die ander twee groepe kon onderskei nie. Die kliniese implikasies vir spraak-taalterapeute en opvoeders met betrekking tot assessering en intervensie is toegelig.
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Markgraaff, Christine. "A programme to improve gross motor and selected visual perception skills of children who show signs of developmental coordination disorder." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4246.
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Thesis (M Sport Sc (Sport Science))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of participation in a small group-based perceptual-motor training programme on the gross motor and visual-motor integration skills of children who show signs of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). Two physical education teachers selected 22 children for assessment as potential participants for this study. The Movement ABC (M-ABC) was then administered to this group and the eight children who scored the lowest were invited to volunteer for this study. These children all volunteered and then completed the assessment of their visual-motor integration skills as measured by the Developmental Test of Visual Perception (DTVP-2). The study followed an evaluative case study design in which changes in the gross motor and visual-motor integration skills of each participant were reported and interpreted individually. The six-week intervention programme was focused on developing the perceptual-motor link between throwing, catching and balancing skills with challenges to visual skills development, especially eye-hand coordination. A comparison of pre-test, post-test and retention test scores in the M-ABC revealed that the programme had a positive effect on six of the children. The results for the seventh child were inconsistent on each test occasion, leading to the conclusion that he may have a co-morbid disorder related to attention. Improvements in static balance were noted and some children also experienced improvements in their ball skills (aiming and coincident timing) which brings the researcher to the conclusion that the programme was effective for gross motor development. DTVP-2 results showed improvements in eye-hand coordination in five of the seven children. According to the VMI quotient score, only one child improved, one deteriorated and the rest showed no change which brings the researcher to the conclusion that the intervention programme was not effective for visual-motor integration.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die impak te bepaal van deelname in „n klein-groep gebaseerde perseptueel-motoriese oefenprogram op die groot motoriese en visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede van kinders met tekens van die Ontwikkelingskoördinasie-afwyking (DCD). Twee Lewensoriëntering-onderwysers het 22 kinders geïdentifiseer vir assessering as potensiële deelnemers aan die studie. Hierdie groep het die Beweging-ABC toets (M-ABC) ondergaan en die agt deelnemers met die laagste uitslae is uitgenooi om aan die studie deel te neem. Hierdie agt kinders het ingestem en daarna is die assessering voltooi deur hulle visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede te meet deur middel van die Ontwikkelingstoets vir Visuele Persepsie (DTVP-2). Die studie het „n evaluerende gevallestudie-ontwerp gevolg waarin die veranderings tussen die groot motoriese en visueel-motoriese integrasievaardighede van elke deelnemer individueel geïnterpreteer en gerapporteer is. Die ses week-intervensieprogram het gefokus op die ontwikkeling van die perseptueel-motoriese skakel tussen gooi-, vang- en balans-vaardighede met uitdagings vir die ontwikkeling van visuele vaardighede, veral oog-hand koördinasie. „n Vergelyking tussen die voor-, na- en opvolgtoetse van die M-ABC se toetstellings het getoon dat die program „n positiewe effek op ses van die kinders se groot motoriese vaardighede gehad het. Die uitslag van die sewende kind was teenstrydig tydens elke toetsgeleentheid en dit het gelei tot die gevolgtrekking dat hy moontlik aan „n addisionele afwyking mag ly wat verband hou met „n aandagprobleem. Verbeterings in statiese balans is waargeneem en sommige kinders het ook „n verbetering in balvaardighede getoon (akkuraatheid en reaksietyd). Volgens die DTVP-2 resultate was daar verbeterings in oog-hand koördinasie by vyf van die sewe kinders. Volgens die VMI-kwosiënttelling het slegs een kind verbeter, een het versleg en die ander vyf het geen verandering getoon nie. Die navorser kom dus tot die gevolgtrekking dat die intervensieprogram nie effektief is vir visueel-motoriese integrasie nie.
Books on the topic "Shop signs"
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Poole (England). Borough Council. Department of Architecture and Planning. Guidelines for shopfronts and shop signs: Supplementary planning guidance. Poole: Poole Borough Council, 1987.
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Hagino, Masakazu. Kanban kenchiku: Shōwa no shōten to kurashi = Signboard architecture. Tōkyō: Kabushiki Kaisha Tū Vājinzu, 2019.
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Management, United States Bureau of Land. Bureau of Land Management sign shop: Rawlins, Wyoming. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Bureau, 1996.
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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Bureau of Land Management sign shop: Rawlins, Wyoming. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Bureau, 1996.
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United States. Bureau of Land Management. Bureau of Land Management sign shop: Rawlins, Wyoming. [Washington, D.C.?]: The Bureau, 1996.
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Daniel, Gerersdorfer, and Doleschal Stephan, eds. Ghostletters Vienna. Wien: Falter Verlag, 2017.
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Daniel, Gerersdorfer, and Doleschal Stephan, eds. Ghostletters Vienna: Spuren urbaner Identität = traces of urban identity. Wien: Falter Verlag, 2016.
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Dana, Levy, Sneider Lea, Gibney Frank 1924-, and Japan House Gallery, eds. Kanban, the art of the Japanese shop sign. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1991.
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Toshokan, Tenri. Zenpon gojissen Tenri Toshokan shozōhin, Pekin no kanban Tenri Sankōkan shozōhin: Tenri Gyararī dai 100-kai kinen tokubetsuten. Nara-ken Tenri-shi: Tenri Gyararī, 1995.
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Ambrose, Heal. The signboards of old London shops: A review of the shop signs employed by the London tradesmen during the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries. London: Portman Books, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Shop signs"
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Nath, Nanki, and Ravi Poovaiah. "Classifying Shop Signs: Open Card Sorting of Bengaluru Shop Signs (India)." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 1287–99. India: Springer India, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1050-4_103.
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Shang, Guowen, and Xianwu Zhou. "Displaying and commodifying English on shop name signs." In English in China, 147–64. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/b22909-13.
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Han, Yanmei, and Guowen Shang. "Displaying and Commodifying English on Shop Name Signs." In The Linguistic Landscape in China, 25–47. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8753-5_2.
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Nath, Nanki. "Visual Framework of Color Analysis of Shop Signs in India." In Design for Tomorrow—Volume 1, 213–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0041-8_19.
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Susilawati Japri. "The Language of Shop Signs in a Modern Shopping Centre in Brunei." In The Use and Status of Language in Brunei Darussalam, 29–38. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0853-5_4.
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Chevez, Agustin. "Award Winning Scones." In The Pilgrim’s Guide to the Workplace, 49–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4759-9_15.
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AbstractWhenever I walked into a small country town I looked for ‘award winning’ signs. These were usually written on folding boards standing outside bakeries letting passers-by know they had the best pies, vanilla slices, or scones in town. I trusted these accreditations more than the TripAdvisor Certificate of Excellence stickers on shop windows.
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Olsen, Alexander Arnfinn. "Labelling, Signs and Graphics." In Applying Physical Ergonomics to Modern Ship Design, 55–72. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57974-5_8.
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Sellier, Karl. "Qualitative Detection of the Signs of a Close Range Shot." In Shot Range Determination, 33–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76721-0_4.
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Malaia, Evie, and Ronnie B. Wilbur. "What sign languages show." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 263–76. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.194.12mal.
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Mooney, Annabelle. "12. Signs Show the Way: Reading HIV Prevention on the Andaman Islands." In Language and HIV/AIDS, edited by Christina Higgins and Bonny Norton, 252–70. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781847692214-016.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Shop signs"
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Chowdhury, Arif. "Reading Shopfront Signs: A Multimodal (Social) Semiotic Approach to Text Analysis." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.10-1.
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Shopfront signs in the multi-lingual, multi-ethnic city of London seem to serve as a vehicle for maintaining unity in an era of linguistic diversity. Various ethno-linguistic diasporas represent themselves through a unique multi lingual display of multimodal shopfronts signs culminating in the English language. This paper focuses on language as a social semiotic (Haliday 1978), as a multimodal semiotic resource (Jewitt 2005) and as a manipulative-representative text within multilingual society. The study assumes an ethnographic approach to the Bengali dominated streets of Whitechapel and Brick Lane in London, on shop signs. The study aims to determine how multilingual and multimodal ‘texts,’ embedded in shop signs, could assist in processing meanings (Kress 2004). The study draws on a corpus of images and texts on shop signs which were randomly selected and categorised in various ways. Taking a multimodal (social) semiotic approach to text analysis of shop signs, this paper attempts to analyze the Bangla and English shop signs and ideologies directed at these signs and their semiotic resources.
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Thakur, Anil, and Pursotam Kumar. "Sociolinguistic Aspects of Linguistic Visuals in Varanasi." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2022. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2022.4-4.
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The paper presents a sociolinguistic study of the linguistic visuals (including shop signages, product descriptions, wall-posters, advertisements, graffiti, etc) of the major tourist localities in the Indian city of Varanasi. Varanasi is one of the most ancient and continuously thriving Indian cities, with rich and diverse religious, cultural, and commercial traditions. Consequently, the multi-cultural and multilingual landscape of Varanasi is the reflection of a city which has remained as one of the most sought-after pilgrimage destinations, from ancient times and until the present. The city is therefore presently a well-known tourist destination for domestic as well as international tourists, including salvation seekers and settlers from throughout India. The city’s visual displays, in the form of linguistic signs and cultural symbols across temples, stores, and streets, reflect the rich multi-cultural tradition of the city. The present study draws on data collected by visiting the city, interacting with its people, and documented through photographing linguistic visuals across the major tourist attractions of the city; the neighbourhoods of the banks of the river Ganges. Among the interesting features of the multi-dimensional linguistic visuals are the instances of multi-lingual and multi-modal shop signages, slogans, signboards, banners, and posters across the busy lanes, boats, hawkers’ trolleys, roads, stairs, and walls. By documenting and discussing the innovative blends of illustrative instances of alphabets, spellings, scripts, and creative designs of the fonts, as well as cultural and religious symbols, the paper reports that the linguistic landscape of the city aptly represents diverse and dynamic aspects, including the regular concerns of the people; from their cultural and creative considerations to commercial compulsions, all of which are strikingly and clearly noticeable across the city’s linguistic visuals.
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Babic, Dario, Darko Babic, and Andelko Šcukanec. "The Impact of Road Familiarity on the Perception of Traffic Signs – Eye Tracking Case Study." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.131.
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Traffic sign visual information provides road users with the basic instructions regarding route selection, safety at intersections, warnings on physical obstacles on the road and safe route marking. The use of sophisticated eye tracking systems is an efficient way to analyse the influence of traffic signs on drivers’ behaviour. In this paper, the drivers’ perception of traffics signs has been analysed using such a system. The aim of this paper is to determine how the perception of traffic signs changes according to the frequency of driving on a specific route or according to the route familiarity. The results show that the drivers’ perception of traffic signs declines as they get familiar with the route and road conditions. In addition, older drivers having more driving experience perceive fewer signs and elements from the environment because they are often led by their own experience and knowledge, so they do not need the same amount of information as compared to younger drivers.
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Murdoch, E., P. Asthana, A. Bukhamseen, and T. Ghamdi. "Fiber Monitoring of TRSSV to Monitor Health and Forecast Failures." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24032-ea.
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Abstract Sub-surface safety valves (SSSV) are critical to the safe functioning of a well. Whilst they are tested regularly, they have limited diagnostics, valves that are experiencing reduced performance are not detected until they fail a test. This typically requires the well to be shut in until remedial action can be undertaken. This paper will set out a new philosophy to use fiber optic sensing to monitor the health of valves and use Artificial Intelligence (AI) to forecast failures and reduce unplanned shut-ins. Like all machines, failures in SSSV don't just appear. There are typically signs of degrading performance ahead of time. But given the sub-surface location of these valves, it is very hard to detect these signs. In a parallel application, in-well fiber monitoring systems are now deployed routinely for leak detection, flow characterization and many other applications. These fiber monitoring systems can be used to monitor the performance of the SSSV during function testing and establish a health condition of the valve. This paper will describe the process used to test the concept of monitoring a SSSV using fiber monitoring system first in the work shop. A number of different sized valves will be used. Failure conditions will then be simulated in the test valves and they will be again monitored during function testing in failed condition. This provides a base line to provide indication of SSSV health. The machine learning algorithm will then be trained with these example data. Various coupling methods will be also tested and a final design optimized. The model will then be taken to the field to be trialed in wells that have had fibers pre-installed. Each well will be monitored whilst the SSSV function test was carried out. The results will then be analyzed and a health assessment given. These results will be further fed in to the machine learning model to optimize algorithm. Over time this model will provide a more accurate forecasting of failure and allow better scheduling of workover operations. This is the first time that a fiber monitoring system has been used to monitor the health condition of a SSSV. This also represents an excellent integration of real time data collection and machine learning interpretation to better schedule workover operations and reduce unplanned shut ins. This safety valve surveillance kit is a strap-on solution for existing hydraulic valves already installed in any wells that have fiber monitoring systems.
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Wu, Annie, and Yu Sun. "A Machine Learning Model that Analyzes Surrounding Road Signs to Eliminate Dangers Caused by Human Operational Error." In 4th International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.130813.
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Autonomous vehicles are a potential solution to preventing crashes caused by human error. Although road signs are intended to attract drivers' attention and help them operate, drivers can still misinterpret signs, resulting in an accident. An autonomous vehicle system can implement artificial intelligence to detect and recognize known patterns in input graphics to minimize the human aspect of driving. In this study, we present an implementation of the CNN architecture to classify four regulatory instruments (stop, crosswalk, speed limit sign, and traffic light) using the TensorFlow library. We used a training dataset of 877 images of the four distinct classes to optimize the model. The goal of the study was to create a lightweight and accessible image classification model. Experimental results show a 92% model accuracy.
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Fonseca, Igor Oliveira da, Stella de Angelis Trivellato, Mayara Apolinario Januzzi, Guilherme Drumond Jardini Anastacio, and Igor de Lima e. Teixeira. "Sign of the unilateral “Coca-Cola Bottle”: in addition to thyroid disease." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.748.
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Background: The “Coca-Cola Bottle Sign” is a classic sign of thyroid diseases, especially Graves’ disease, with the appearance of eye orbit muscles edema seen by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. The belly of the muscle increases in thickness, giving the characteristic appearance. Despite being classically associated with this etiology, the finding may be present in other diseases, especially infiltrative ones. Objectives: To demonstrate how this radiological signal can suggest other etiologies, when atypical. Methods: Case report of a patient with an image finding suggestive of “CocaCola Bottle Sign”. Results: Patient, 71 years old, with Breast Cancer and Hepatic Metastasis, using Anastrazole. Osmophobia started and after 3 months, reduced visual acuity in the right eye, evolving in 20 days to amaurosis in the right eye, dizzying, and loss of visual acuity in the left eye. Upon examination, he had a missing direct pupillary reflex in the right eye and only light perception, and counting fingers in the left eye; paresis of the Superior Rectus, Medial, and Lower Oblique muscles of the Left Eye, with paresis maintained in the forced duction test. On ophthalmoscopy, he had atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the bilateral periphery, without Papilledema. Metabolic screening did not show any relevant changes. In the Magnetic Resonance of Orbits, an intraconal nodular image was seen in the right orbital cavity, with perineuritis and extension to the belly of the lateral rectus muscle on this side, as the “Coca-Cola Bottle Sign”. Due to unilateral muscle involvement and signs of meningeal involvement, lumbar puncture with cytopathological examination was requested, being positive for Carcinoma Metastasis. Conclusions: The “Coca-Cola Bottle sign” is a classic sign of Graves’ disease, however, some signs, such as, unilateral and single orbital musculature involvement, may be suggestive of involvement by other etiologies, suggesting the benefit of an early expanded investigation.
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I-Chun Liu, I-Chun Chen, and Ming-Syan Chen. "Le Festin: Shop sign recognition assisted food recommendation system." In 2010 International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswc.2010.5665875.
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Chun Liao, Ting, Ching I Chen, and Meng-Cong Zheng. "Exploring the Design of Campus Directional Sign through Wayfinding Behavior in Virtual Environment." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003225.
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National Taipei University of Technology (NTUT) is in the center of Taipei City, with three significant entrances and more than 20 buildings. Because of the nearby attractions, such as the Huashan 1914 Creative Park and Jianguo Brewery, and the Red House, a city-designated historical monument on the campus. Visitors are often attracted to the campus. However, the crowded and enclosed building layout makes it difficult for first-year students, foreign guests, and tourists who are unfamiliar with the environment to navigate around the campus.In this study, the campus of NTUT was used as the experimental environment, and the modeling software was used to build the scene model. An interactive interface was created in Unity 3D to allow participants to move around the virtual campus from a first-person perspective to simulate wayfinding. A total of 30 participants conducted the online experiment, using the three entrances of the campus as the starting points to divide into three groups of scenarios. Each set of scenarios contained four tasks, and participants were divided into three groups of 10 to operate two scenarios, each with a total of eight tasks. The evaluation method is as follows: 1) Let participants perform wayfinding tasks, and the researcher observes and records their behavior and thinking aloud during the tasks. 2) After the tasks, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to understand participants’ anxiety levels and evaluate the directional signs. 3) Semi-structured interviews were conducted at the end of all tasks to determine the reasons behind the behavior.The results show that the participants did not quickly enter the trail at the beginning of the experiment unless the directional sign gave clear guidance. They mostly searched for directions on the main wider paths, and we found that participants would expect the directional signs to be consistent. If they did not find the previous target information on the next directional sign, they would go back and forth to confirm the correctness of the information, or they would stop and look around, thinking they had reached their destination. On the other hand, once the participant starts looking at one form of directional sign design, they subconsciously look for the same design, such as the same color or shape. It caused participants easy to ignore the other design form of directional sign. In addition, the arrows of the directional signs should be more unambiguous. For example, when participants found out that the arrow is pointing to the back of the building, they are likely to pause and hesitate. A diagonal arrow can also lead to misunderstanding. When participants became disoriented in finding the exit, they used the strategy of walking around the campus wall to find the exit. The results of this study intend to help understand wayfinding behavior on campus and serve as a reference for the subsequent design of directional signs.
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Hong, Seung-Kweon. "Operator function model to analyze ship accidents related to navigation aids." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002513.
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A marine Aids of Navigation (AtoN) is a man-made object in waterways used by mariners to determine their ship's location or a safe route. They act like traffic signs on roads used to reduce the risk of traffic accidents. However, traffic signs can't do their job if you can't recognize them, don't understand their meaning, or violate them. In this study, ship accidents caused by the malfunction of navigation aids were investigated. First, maritime officers’ work in the ship bridge work was analyzed using the Operator Function Model (OFM), and among all the functions derived from the analysis, only the functions related to aids to navigation were selected. Using the selected functions as a classification system for ship accidents, recent ship accidents in the Korean coast were analyzed. The ship accident analysis was conducted using written verdicts of the Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal. Cases of ship accidents were confirmed in most of the selected functions. The results of this study can be used for safety education of maritime officers and the deployment, maintenance, and design of AtoN.
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Al Mandhari, Ahmed, Mubarak Al Maskari, Abdullah Al Hadhrami, Rodoljub Mihajlov, Nasser Al Omairi, Zeyana Al Kindi, Mangesh Ashok Bawdekar, Salim Al Mandhari, and Nawaf Al Kiyumi. "Unexpected Formation of Elemental Sulphur in Critical Sour Plant." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218686-ms.
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Nowadays, high critical sour facilities face tremendous challenges in acid gas injection processes. In facilities in which a Sulphur recovery unit is unavailable and high levels of CO2 and H2S are handled, such is the case in this critical sour plant, acid gas injection requires several stages of compression. Moreover, this acid gas must be injected at extremely high pressures. The main source of acid gas is from the Gas Sweetening units are used in sour gas facilities. In one of the highest sour gas facilities, the acid gas from the Gas Sweetening Units is compressed in LP compressors followed by HP compressor trains before feeding to the injection compressor. In the second year of plant operation, high differential pressure was observed across the compressor after cooler normally operating at 70 barg pressure and 50-60 deg C temperature. This differential pressure across the after cooler continued to rise day by day and led to a Compressor trip on high-high discharge pressure. After investigation, it was found that elemental Sulphur formation was the cause for high differential pressure across the compressor after cooler. Major sulfur deposition was witnessed predominantly in one of the HP compressor trains and specifically at the 3rd and 4th passes of the second stage air cooler where the tubes are almost completely blocked and minor layer of sulphur deposition on the discharge piping is found. Minor sulphur depositions were witnessed in the Anti Surge control valve (ASCV), line from downstream of the second stage cooler to the ASCV and inlet KO drum liquid outlet piping. No sign of deposition observed within the compressor package and even the first & second passes of the cooler were clean from any depositions. Signs of Sulphur appearance continued to be seen in downstream TEG dehydration unit equipment such as frequent choking of rich TEG filters, knockout drum internals started to get chocked, frequent scaling of TEG reboilers observed, and finally fouling of lean-rich TEG heat exchangers. All symptoms of Sulphur formation were confirmed as it was later revealed that approximately 4 to 5 tons of elemental Sulphur formed within the system in three to four months which represented a significant threat to plant asset, availability, and production. The removal of solid Sulphur from the equipment required extensive cleaning activities, maintenance cost, and significant time for unit shutdowns. Troubleshooting process began with reviewing available literature and identifying a clear mechanism of unexpected formation of Sulphur.
Reports on the topic "Shop signs"
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Xu, Xiaowei, and David Sturrock. New data show signs of over 50s returning to the workforce. The IFS, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/co.ifs.2023.0005.
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Pineda-Mendez, Raul A., Xueqian Shi, and Andrew P. Tarko. Speed Management on Freeways in Transition Zones Between Rural and Urban Conditions. Purdue University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317586.
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Drivers’ noncompliance with the posted speed limit reductions on rural-to-urban freeway transition zones is a recurrent problem in Indiana and other states. Speed-reduction treatments, such as pavement markings and active signing, aim to solve this issue. Optical speed bars, longitudinal speed reduction markings, and speed feedback signs were identified as the most promising speed-reduction treatments for experimental implementation in Indiana. Probe-vehicle-based speed data for 1 year was acquired on selected freeway segments to measure the speed effect. A set of fixed-effects linear regression models were used to estimate the effect of speed-reduction treatments on three key speed behavior characteristics—average speed, 90th speed percentiles, and speed variability. Optical speed bars together with speed feedback signs are a promising combination of treatments. While this and other traditional speed-reduction treatments show promise, their influence area is limited to a portion of target road segments. Therefore, future speed management needs to consider other speed-reduction treatments, particularly automated and area-wide speed enforcement, to maintain reduced speeds inside urban areas.
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Schijman, Agustina, Yuri Soares, Ronald Myers, and Chloe Fevre. IDB-9: Review of the IDB Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare Strategy. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010527.
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This paper reviews the 2011 Sector Strategy on Institutions for Growth and Social Welfare (SIGS) of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or Bank). The Strategy was produced as a requirement of the IDB-9 agreement. The review finds that the Strategy replicates a number of patterns observed in prior sector strategies. SIGS represents the first time that the Bank uses a modern definition of institutions; however, the concept of institutions is not incorporated as a guiding principle for setting priorities. Like other strategies, SIGS largely reflects the current work of the Bank, and also reflects the most common ideas and thinking of the time. This said, SIGS also emphasizes areas of work that had not been central to the Bank before, such as work with transparency and work in formalizing firms. The Strategy document itself has strengths but also a number of deficiencies. SIGS is more specific than prior strategies, although it still proposes quite a broad spectrum of activities. It contains a good diagnostic of the needs facing small and medium-sized enterprises and of innovation, although diagnostics in most other areas are relatively weak. Although SIGS maintains the IDB-9's focus on the Bank's comparative advantage, it does not analytically assess that comparative advantage, and it presents no evidence that the sectors prioritized reflect any particular operational or structural advantage of the Bank--except that they mostly represent sectors in which the Bank already works. SIGS's results framework is very poor, largely reflecting the inadequacies of the IDB-9 results framework, as applied to institutions. SIGS was not designed as an operational strategy, so it does not assess the Bank's operational capabilities to respond to the Region's needs in priority areas. SIGS has had little impact on the way the Bank works. Bank staff is generally unaware of the Strategy, and those who are aware of it do not report using it as a main input in country dialogue or project preparation. The Institutions for Development Department (IFD) is an exception: its staff do report using SIGS. However, the review of IFD's portfolio does not show clear evidence that project selection has changed in favor of SIGS priorities. IFD has produced a significant body of analytical work, which in some cases addresses institutional issues. Nonetheless, IFD's approach to implementing 'intersector alliances' has not included directly working across Bank departments to strengthen institutions broadly in the Bank's work. However, SIGS has served a useful purpose as a mechanism to reemphasize the importance of the issue of institutions for the IDB, and, to some degree, to consolidate and demarcate the areas of work within IFD.
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Giacomini, Raffaella, Toru Kitagawa, and Matthew Read. Identification and Inference under Narrative Restrictions. Reserve Bank of Australia, October 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47688/rdp2023-07.
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We consider structural vector autoregressions subject to narrative restrictions, which are inequalities involving structural shocks in specific time periods (e.g. shock signs in given quarters). Narrative restrictions are used widely in the empirical literature. However, under these restrictions, there are no formal results on identification or the properties of frequentist approaches to inference, and existing Bayesian methods can be sensitive to prior choice. We provide formal results on identification, propose a computationally tractable robust Bayesian method that eliminates prior sensitivity, and show that it is asymptotically valid from a frequentist perspective. Using our method, we find that inferences about the output effects of US monetary policy obtained under restrictions related to the Volker episode are sensitive to prior choice. Under a richer set of restrictions, there is robust evidence that output falls following a positive monetary policy shock.
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Bielinskyi, Andrii O., Oleksandr A. Serdyuk, Сергій Олексійович Семеріков, Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, Андрій Іванович Білінський, and О. А. Сердюк. Econophysics of cryptocurrency crashes: a systematic review. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/6974.
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Cryptocurrencies refer to a type of digital asset that uses distributed ledger, or blockchain technology to enable a secure transaction. Like other financial assets, they show signs of complex systems built from a large number of nonlinearly interacting constituents, which exhibits collective behavior and, due to an exchange of energy or information with the environment, can easily modify its internal structure and patterns of activity. We review the econophysics analysis methods and models adopted in or invented for financial time series and their subtle properties, which are applicable to time series in other disciplines. Quantitative measures of complexity have been proposed, classified, and adapted to the cryptocurrency market. Their behavior in the face of critical events and known cryptocurrency market crashes has been analyzed. It has been shown that most of these measures behave characteristically in the periods preceding the critical event. Therefore, it is possible to build indicators-precursors of crisis phenomena in the cryptocurrency market.
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Cummings, John. Geese, Ducks and Coots. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7208739.ws.
Full textAbstract:
Canada geese, snow geese, ducks, and American coots all have been implicated in agricultural crop and turf damage. Generally, goose, duck, and American coot damage to crops, vegetation and aircraft can be difficult to identify. Usually the damage to crops or vegetation shows signs of being clipped, torn, or stripped. Tracks, feces, or feathers found neat the damage can be used to help identify the species. Damage to aircraft is obvious if the bird is recovered, but if not, and only bird parts are recovered, a scientific analysis is required. Canada geese, snow geese, ducks, and American coots are federally protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), which stipulates that, unless permitted by regulation, it is unlawful to “pursue, hunt, take, capture, kill, possess, sell, barter, purchase, ship, export, or import any migratory birds alive or dead, or any part, nests, eggs, or products thereof.” Generally, geese, ducks, and coots can be hazed without a federal permit in order to prevent damage to agriculture crops and property with a variety of scare techniques. In most cases, live ammunition cannot be used.
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Salardi, Paola, and Hugo R. Ñopo. Gender and Racial Wage Gaps in Brazil 1996-2006: Evidence Using a Matching Comparisons Approach. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010913.
Full textAbstract:
This paper explores the evolution of Brazilian wage gaps by gender and skin color over a decade (1996-2006), using the matching comparison methodology developed by Ñopo (2008). In Brazil, racial wage gaps are more pronounced than those found along the gender divide, although both noticeably decreased over the course of the last decade. The decomposition results show that differences in observable characteristics play a crucial role in explaining wage gaps. While in the case of racial wage gaps, observable human capital characteristics account for most of the observed wage gaps, the observed gender wage gaps have the opposite sign than what the differences in human capital characteristics would predict. In both cases the role of education is prominent.
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Berkowitz, Jacob, Christine VanZomeren, and Nicole Fresard. Rapid formation of iron sulfides alters soil morphology and chemistry following simulated marsh restoration. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42155.
Full textAbstract:
Many marshes show signs of degradation due to fragmentation, lack of sediment inputs, and erosion which may be exacerbated by sea level rise and increasing storm frequency/intensity. As a result, resource managers seek to restore marshes via introduction of sediment to increase elevation and stabilize the marsh platform. Recent field observations suggest the rapid formation of iron sulfide (FeS) materials following restoration in several marshes. To investigate, a laboratory microcosm study evaluated the formation of FeS following simulated restoration activities under continually inundated, simulated drought, and simulated tidal conditions. Results indicate that FeS horizon development initiated within 16 days, expanding to encompass > 30% of the soil profile after 120 days under continuously inundated and simulated tidal conditions. Continuously inundated conditions supported higher FeS content compared to other treatments. Dissolved and total Fe and S measurements suggest the movement and diffusion of chemical constituents from native marsh soil upwards into the overlying sediments, driving FeS precipitation. The study highlights the need to consider biogeochemical factors resulting in FeS formation during salt marsh restoration activities. Additional field research is required to link laboratory studies, which may represent a worst-case scenario, with in-situ conditions.
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Moschetti, Roberta, Lars Gullbrekken, and Joana Maia. Accelerated climate aging tests of structural insulated panels with waste-based core materials. Department of the Built Environment, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau541597546.
Full textAbstract:
One of the challenges of climate change in the building sector is related to the durability of materials, i.e., the resistance to degradation due to weathering over time. The durability of building components can be assessed through long-term natural outdoor climate exposure or appropriate accelerated climate aging in the laboratory. SINTEF Research Centre owns a climate simulator apparatus to perform aging tests according to the Nordtest method NT Build 495:2000. The aim of this article is to show the results from an accelerated climatic aging test performed on three different configurations of a structural insulated panel (SIP), which is characterized by waste-based core materials. The samples were tested for one month, corresponding to about one year of natural outdoor climate exposure. The results from the test performed in the climate simulator include information on the sample changes occurring during the analyzed period, together with the scale of such changes and the time of occurrence. Therefore, the test results are qualitative and based on the fact that a change in the performance properties of the samples corresponds to a change in their appearance during the test. This includes, for instance, signs of degradation, such as cracks, loss of gloss, or delamination.
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Leach, Roland M., Mark Pines, Carol V. Gay, and Shmuel Hurwitz. In vivo and in vitro Chondrocyte Metabolism in Relationship to the Developemnt of Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568090.bard.
Full textAbstract:
Skeletal deformities are a significant financial and welfare problem for the world poultry industry. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is the most prevalent skeletal abnormality found in young broilers, turkeys and ducks. Tibial dyschondroplasia results from a perturbation of the sequence of events in the epiphyseal growth plate, the tissue responsible for longitudinal bone growth. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that TD was the result of a failure of growth plate chondrocytes to differentiate and express the chemotactic molecules required for cartilage vascularization. In this investigation in situ hybridization and immunocytochemical techniques were used to study chondrocyte gene products associated with cartilage maturation and vascularization such as osteopontin, osteonectin, type X collagen, and alkaline phosphatase. All markers were present in the growth plate tissue anter or to the TD lesion but were greatly diminished in the TD lesion. Thus, rather than not acquiring the markers for hypertrophy, it appears that the growth plate chondrocytes reach a certain stage of hypertrophy and then de-differentiate into cells which resemble chondrocytes in the prehypertrophic zone. Similar patterns were observed in all TD tissues examined whether the lesions were spontaneous or induced by dietary treatments or genetic selection. The decrease in gene expression can at least be partially explained by the fact that many of the dysplastic chondrocytes show classic signs of apoptosis. These results provide an explanation for the observation that a variety of genes show reduced expression in the TD lesion when examined by in situ hybridization. This would suggest that future research should focus on the earliest detectable stages in the development of TD and examine endocrine and autocrine factors which cause chondrocytes to de-differentiate and undergo premature apoptosis.