Journal articles on the topic 'Shoe uppers'
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Lord, M., and J. Foulston. "Clinical trial of a computer-aided system for orthopaedic shoe upper design." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 15, no. 1 (April 1991): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649109164269.
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A trial has been conducted to produce the uppers for orthopaedic shoes using an existing commercial computer-aided design system. The aims of the trial were to confirm that a CAD system developed for the volume shoe trade (Shoemaster from Clarks Shoes) could be used for the upper design of orthopaedic shoes and to assess the contribution of professional shoe design on cosmesis and acceptability of these shoes. A small number of adult diabetic patients and children with foot deformities were selected, all of who had previously been prescribed and issued with special shoes. The existing lasts for these patients were digitised, and new styles developed on the CAD system over a 3D image of the last. Pattern pieces were cut automatically and the uppers closed. Lasting was done as normal at the two collaborating orthopaedic companies and the shoes supplied to the patients. The CAD system proved successful in coping with orthopaedic last shapes and shoe requirements. Professional design produced fashionable and cosmetically-pleasing styles within the constraints imposed by the underlying medical conditions.
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Onodera, Andrea N., Wilson P. Gavião Neto, Maria Isabel Roveri, Wagner R. Oliveira, and Isabel CN Sacco. "Immediate effects of EVA midsole resilience and upper shoe structure on running biomechanics: a machine learning approach." PeerJ 5 (February 28, 2017): e3026. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3026.
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BackgroundResilience of midsole material and the upper structure of the shoe are conceptual characteristics that can interfere in running biomechanics patterns. Artificial intelligence techniques can capture features from the entire waveform, adding new perspective for biomechanical analysis. This study tested the influence of shoe midsole resilience and upper structure on running kinematics and kinetics of non-professional runners by using feature selection, information gain, and artificial neural network analysis.MethodsTwenty-seven experienced male runners (63 ± 44 km/week run) ran in four-shoe design that combined two resilience-cushioning materials (low and high) and two uppers (minimalist and structured). Kinematic data was acquired by six infrared cameras at 300 Hz, and ground reaction forces were acquired by two force plates at 1,200 Hz. We conducted a Machine Learning analysis to identify features from the complete kinematic and kinetic time series and from 42 discrete variables that had better discriminate the four shoes studied. For that analysis, we built an input data matrix of dimensions 1,080 (10 trials × 4 shoes × 27 subjects) × 1,254 (3 joints × 3 planes of movement × 101 data points + 3 vectors forces × 101 data points + 42 discrete calculated kinetic and kinematic features).ResultsThe applied feature selection by information gain and artificial neural networks successfully differentiated the two resilience materials using 200(16%) biomechanical variables with an accuracy of 84.8% by detecting alterations of running biomechanics, and the two upper structures with an accuracy of 93.9%.DiscussionThe discrimination of midsole resilience resulted in lower accuracy levels than did the discrimination of the shoe uppers. In both cases, the ground reaction forces were among the 25 most relevant features. The resilience of the cushioning material caused significant effects on initial heel impact, while the effects of different uppers were distributed along the stance phase of running. Biomechanical changes due to shoe midsole resilience seemed to be subject-dependent, while those due to upper structure seemed to be subject-independent.
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Reedman, D. C. "Automating the Assembly of Shoe Uppers." Assembly Automation 13, no. 3 (March 1993): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb004397.
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Serweta, Wioleta, Zbigniew Olejniczak, and Małgorzata Matusiak. "Improve of Footwear Comfort Sensation with Material Packages and Knitted Fabrics." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 3(135) (June 30, 2019): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.0747.
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The main goal of this paper was to analyse the hygienic properties of textile packages used for the construction of shoe uppers. Distance fabrics with varied hygienic properties were the basis of these packages. The discomfort indexes, which describe changes in footwear microclimate, were calculated according to the moisture absorbance capacity and temperature changes in the immediate surrounding of the foot skin surface. The experiment was done for a group of grain leather uppers, where the Grubbs test (a = 0.05) gave positive information about the outliers, describing such parameters as the water vapour permeability and water vapour coefficient. The phase changes of the shoe microclimate were detected via temperature and relative humidity sensors during simulation of the shoes used via an elliptical trainer for a group of 7 men. Statistically significant differences between the packages’ upper – lining confirmed the possibility of monitoring the circulation of biophysical mediums inside a footwear volume. The appropriate choice of package materials could raise the comfort conditions for users. For certain material configurations the microclimate conditions described by the discomfort index were improved.
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Bui, Trong Hieu, and Thanh Huy Phung. "Design and fabrication of precise shoeupper feeder system for screen printing machine in shoe industry." Science and Technology Development Journal 18, no. 1 (March 31, 2015): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v18i1.936.
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The feeding stage of sport shoe-upper for automatic screen printing machine for printing press-segments on shoe-upper exists the following issues: Firstly, the locating shoe-uppers on the conveyor of screen printing machine is made by hand and based on the experience of workers. So, this reduces productivity and increases the cost of the product. Secondly, there are deviations of the press-segments on shoeupper after printing (the current deviation is ± 1 mm). So, these are affected to the next stage of sewing contour lines on the shoe-upper. Currently, the shoe manufacturing company in Vietnam wish solve these problems, but so far, in addition to resolve manually there is no feasible method has been given. In this paper, a precise position control of shoe-upper for screen printing machine using image processing techniques is introduced. A camera is used to capture the image of shoeupper. The binary image of shoe-upper is used for image processing to recognize the position errors in directions of X, Y and θ coordinates. A new algorithm to calculate the position errors of shoeupper is proposed in this paper. The shoe-upper is locating on X - Y - θ tables which can move X, Y directions and rotating angle. These tables are controlled by three servo motors. The mission of X - Y - θ tables are adjustable positioning accuracy of the shoes-upper by comparing the current position with its standard position that has been previously stored in the computer. The effectiveness of the calculation algorithm of shoeupper errors and the high accuracy of image processing and mechanical system are proven through experimental results
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Lu, Zhiwen, Gaoming Jiang, Honglian Cong, and Xi Yang. "The Development of the Flat-Knitted Shaped Uppers based on Ergonomics." Autex Research Journal 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aut-2015-0029.
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Abstract To achieve the efficiency and specification of the flat-knitted uppers design, the basic patterns of uppers are made from shoe lasts based on the research on the characteristics of human’s feet and wearability requirements on uppers. The knitting technology for half-shaped and fully shaped uppers was formed after the shear deformation of basic pattern and combination with flat knitting technology. As regards to the functional requirements on key parts of uppers, the structures of flat-knitted shaped uppers were intensively analysed and studied, dividing them into two categories (functional structure and decorative structure), discussing the knitting methods and advantages of different structure, and finally experimentally proving that the planar pattern of flat knitted uppers can apply to the design of flat-knitted uppers and achieve the combination of functionality and artistry of sneakers after combining with structural changes, with a great significance on the achievement of the efficient production of uppers and the enhancement of its commercial value.
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Borozna, V. D., A. N. Burkin, A. P. Dmitriev, and N. V. Tsobanowa. "DETERMINATION OF RATIONAL MODES OF PROCESS PREFORM MOLDING SHOE UPPERS." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Tekhnologiya legkoi promyshlennosti 49, no. 3 (2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46418/0021-3489_2020_49_3_3.
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Shestov, A. "TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING SPECIAL LEATHERS WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS, RESISTANT TO OIL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS." East European Scientific Journal 1, no. 01(77) (February 17, 2022): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/essa.2782-1994.2022.1.77.233.
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A technology is proposed for obtaining leathers for the uppers of special footwear intended for employees of oil-producing enterprises. Leathers for uppers made from cattle skins produced by this technology are distinguished by a combination of high strength, hygienic and protective characteristics, including resistance to oil and oil products, as well as to biodegradation. The technology for obtaining special shoe leathers includes a through complex processing of semi-finished leather products with non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma and a solution of silver nanoparticles .
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Zapletal, Piotr, Kaja Bierowiec-Widórek, Barbara Czerniejewska-Surma, and Dorota Maj. "The suitability of using broiler rabbit leathers in gloves and footwear manufacturing." World Rabbit Science 28, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2020.13928.
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<p>The aim of the study was to learn about the structure of broiler rabbit skins, with the possibility of using them as dressing for gloves and shoe uppers. The histological structure, organoleptic and rheological properties of leathers such as tensile and puncture strength, energy state based on dynamic tests and topography map of their thickness were assessed. The study material included the skins of two groups of hybrid rabbits (F1), 24 pieces each, from breeds crossing: ♂ Belgian Giant Grey × ♀ Burgundy (BOS×BU), or ♂ Belgian Giant Grey × ♀ New Zealand White (BOS×BNZ). Histological, rheological, organoleptic and topography thickness studies of broiler rabbit leathers have proven that they can be intended for the production of not only gloves, but also shoe uppers. The leathers of BOS x BU hybrid proved to be a better raw material than BOS x BNZ for the production of both gloves and footwear.</p>
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Rupérez, M. J., C. Monserrat, M. Alcañiz, S. Alemany, and S. Puigcerver. "A CONTACT MECHANIC MODEL FOR THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME SHOE UPPERS." Journal of Biomechanics 40 (January 2007): S178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(07)70174-4.
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Shamsieva, Makhbuba, Tulkin Kodirov, and Khilola Makhammadieva. "The Use of Esterificate for Fattening of Leather for Shoe Uppers." Engineering 11, no. 06 (2019): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2019.116024.
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Jing Junfeng, 景军锋, 谢佳 Xie Jia, and 李鹏飞 Li Pengfei. "Application of SURB Combined with Random Sample Consensus Algorithm in Shoe Uppers Matching." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 55, no. 1 (2018): 011005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop55.011005.
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Kim, J. Y. "CAD-based automated robot programming in adhesive spray systems for shoe outsoles and uppers." Journal of Robotic Systems 21, no. 11 (October 15, 2004): 625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rob.20040.
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Kulesz, Aleksandra, and Małgorzata Grupa. "Open-back Shoes from the Southern Crypt in Piaseczno, Pomerania Province." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica, no. 35 (December 30, 2020): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.09.
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A discussion on modern shoes is limited on account of the scarcity of sources provided by archaeological research. This gap is to a certain extent filled by museum collections and iconography. This is why it is so important to publish new finds as one can only initiate discussion on isolated artefacts of open-back shoes based on such publications. Such a pair was found in the southern crypt of the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Piaseczno. These are unique objects as it is possible to identify all their elements and to determine the quality of leather, which was rather thick. Their general state of preservation is good. The condition of the leather on the soles, heels, and uppers indicates that the shoes were intensively used when their owner was alive. There is no difference in cut between the left and the right shoe, however, deformations resulting from wearing allow to say which shoe was worn on which foot.
The pair of shoes found in Piaseczno and described above represents a valuable contribution to the discussion on open-back shoes. When interpreting such finds, the basic difficulty is the determination of their function. In specific circumstances, functions of overshoes and home shoes could to a certain extent overlap. However, it seems that in the modern era separate pairs of shoes were made to serve these different purposes. Unfortunately, the only evidence that would allow to lean towards one of the options involves the categories of massiveness and size of the shoes, and the diversity of the materials used.
The paper uses a number of names for open-back shoes (pattens, mules, chopines, slippers, pantables) to reflect the linguistic richness. There is no doubt that different designs used to have individual names, however, the scarcity of accounts makes it very difficult to reconstruct the linguistic reality of old.
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Борщевська, Н. М., and Н. В. Первая. "ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ЛАЗЕРНОГО ГРАВІРУВАННЯ НА ГІГІЄНІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ НАТУРАЛЬНИХ ШКІР ДЛЯ ВЕРХУ ВЗУТТЯ ТА ШКІРГАЛАНТЕРЕЙНИХ ВИРОБІВ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 152, no. 6 (October 1, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2020.6.3.
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Purpose. Investigation of the effect of laser engraving on the hygienic properties of nature leather for uppers and leather goods, namely leather Krast, Flotar and Nappa. Methodology. To achieve this goal, the method of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used. Hygienic properties of Krast, Flotar and Nappa hides was studied in accordance with ISO 14268: 2008 by determining vapor permeability. Findings. According to the results of the study of the effect of laser radiation on the hygienic properties of nature leather for uppers and leather goods, the nature of changes in the micro- and macrostructure of the dermis under laser engraving and allowable depth and area of laser ablation that do not impair the hygienic properties of these skins and products. With increasing ablation depth to 0,7 mm (50% of the total thickness of the sample), the relative vapor permeability increases in all samples of the studied skins, while the relative vapor permeability for the skin of Krast increased by 5%, Flotar by 13,5% and 9,5% for Nappa. The optimal value of the depth of laser ablation, which does not impair the operational and hygienic characteristics of the products is 25–30% of the skin thickness. On the front surface revealed features of the structure, which are characteristic only for the area of direct action of the laser beam, namely the skin samples Flotar and Nappa have obvious signs of welding collagen fibers. In the area of laser ablation, an increase in the interstructural distances between the bundles of collagen fibers was also detected, which was the result of thermophysical processes of laser radiation. Originality. The determined effect affects the depths and flat laser ablations on the morphological structure of the dermis and the hygienic properties of natural leather for shoe uppers and leather goods. Practical value. The vapor permeability of genuine leather for the uppers of shoes and leather goods under the action of laser radiation was determined. The value of the depth and area of laser ablation for finishing leather products, taking into account the impact on the hygienic properties of products in general.
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Kulesz, Aleksandra, and Jakub Michalik. "Modern Shoe Buckles from Archaeological Research in Gniew and Piaseczno (Pomerania Province, Poland)." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica, no. 35 (December 30, 2020): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6034.35.10.
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During archaeological research carried out from 2009 to 2016 in the Church of St. Nicholas in Gniew, a set of three metal buckles was found. Then, in 2017, excavations were conducted in crypts of the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary in the village of Piaseczno, in the Gniew District. Two other pairs of buckles were uncovered at this site. All the buckles found differ considerably. Thanks to this, one can get an impression that apart from holding the shoe on the foot, they also served decorative purposes. One can distinguish two main types of buckles: those made of iron and those made of a copper alloy. The latter, considering ornaments, could be more valuable than their iron counterparts. Regardless of the alloy used, manufacturing techniques differed, some of which were those used in the case of buckles from Gniew and Piaseczno: wire forging, cutting out of thick metal sheet, and folding thin metal sheet.
On account of their jewellery-like character, this small collection of buckles discussed could be bequeathed, while most grave shoes were only fastened with tailor’s pins or put on the feet of the dead without fastening. This practice particularly concerned shoes with textile uppers, which mostly meant women’s shoes. It may suggest that the items in question were rather owned by men. The buckles described could be thus elements of the everyday attire.
Issues connected with a formal and typological interpretation of the buckles found indicate interpretive problems faced by archaeologists dealing with these aspects of costume studies. Modern shoes, due to the scarcity of artefacts in archaeological collections, remain mysterious and puzzling objects.
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Klarák, Jaromír, Ivan Kuric, Ivan Zajačko, Vladimír Bulej, Vladimír Tlach, and Jerzy Józwik. "Analysis of Laser Sensors and Camera Vision in the Shoe Position Inspection System." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 12, 2021): 7531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227531.
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Inspection systems are currently an evolving field in the industry. The main goal is to provide a picture of the quality of intermediates and products in the production process. The most widespread sensory system is camera equipment. This article describes the implementation of camera devices for checking the location of the upper on the shoe last. The next part of the article deals with the analysis of the application of laser sensors in this task. The results point to the clear advantages of laser sensors in the inspection task of placing the uppers on the shoe’s last. The proposed method defined the resolution of laser scanners according to the type of scanned surface, where the resolution of point cloud ranged from 0.16 to 0.5 mm per point based on equations representing specific points approximated to polynomial regression in specific places, which are defined in this article. Next, two inspection systems were described, where one included further development in the field of automation and Industry 4.0 and with a high perspective of development into the future. The main aim of this work is to conduct analyses of sensory systems for inspection systems and their possibilities for further work mainly based on the resolution and quality of obtained data. For instance, dependency on scanning complex surfaces and the achieved resolution of scanned surfaces.
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Лещишин, М. М. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КОМФОРТНОСТІ ВЗУТТЯ ЗА ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНИМ ЗАМОВЛЕННЯМ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 150, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2020.5.5.
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Research and solve the problems of custom-made shoes, taking into account the subjective feeling of consumer comfort. Methodology. Theoretical and analytical, marketing and experimental research. Findings. On the basis of the comparative analysis of results of anthropometric researches of feet and subjective feelings of comfort of footwear expediency of perfection of process of designing of footwear by the individual order with use of the universal model-transformer of footwear is proved. This paper analyzes modern materials, consumer choice factors influencing the formation of the range of innovations in the production of footwear by individual order. comfortable parameters based on the sensations of pressure on the customer's foot. The results of researches of individual sensations of pressure on the foot by footwear in a standing and walking condition are given. Originality. Based on a computer system with an Arduino Uno microcontroller and resistive force sensors FSR402, a device for determining the pressure between the foot and the inner surface of the shoe has been developed. The made model-transformer of footwear with use of installation of computer system on the basis of the Arduino Unо microcontroller gives the chance to measure level of subjective comfortable pressure of footwear on a foot of the customer. Practical value. Creating a comfortable and convenient shape of the product is one of the main stages of shoe production, the quality and careful implementation of which depends not only on the shape stability and comfort of shoes during operation, but also the appearance of the product. These studies make it possible to investigate and predict the provision of high quality, comfort and durability of shoes with uppers of modern classic and non-typical (python, crocodile) natural leather materials both in the layout and in the manufacture and operation of the product, as well as after repair and upgrade or improvement product design. The proposed model-transformer of shoes using a prototype computer system
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Rupérez, M. J., C. Monserrat, and M. Alcañiz. "Simulation of the deformation of materials in shoe uppers in gait. Force distribution using finite elements." International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 2, no. 2 (March 27, 2008): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12008-008-0036-6.
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Uehara, Satiko, Marcia Regina Franzolin, Soledad Chiesa, Débora Moreira, Walderez Gambale, and Claudete Rodrigues Paula. "Effectiveness of house dust mite acaricide tri-n-butyl tin maleate on carpets, fabrics and mattress foam: a standardization of methodology." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 48, no. 3 (June 2006): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652006000300010.
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The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the acaricide tri-n-butyl tin maleate, industrially applied to samples of carpets, mattress foam, and fabrics used for furniture upholstery, soft toys and shoe uppers. Approximately 100 adult house dust mites of the species Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were inoculated into a Petri dish containing the sample (a piece of carpet, mattress foam, or fabric), treated with the acaricide, randomly collected. Mite-maintenance culture medium was added on top of each sample. After one, two, three, seven and 30 days of incubation at 25 ºC and 75% relative humidity, each dish was examined using a 40X stereoscopic microscope (40X). One hundred percent acaricide effectiveness was obtained in treated materials by the end of the 30th-day postinoculation period, under optimal conditions for mite maintenance.
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Hao, Xin Min, Yuan Yang, Xiao Chen, Jie Huang, and Xin Hao. "Study on Moisture Comfort of Different Fiber Materials in Sport Shoes." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.313.
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The sport shoes should have moisture absorbing & quick drying property, the quick-drying property of the shoes is affected by the shoe material such as upper, lining and insole. In this paper, three types shoes were prepared with hemp/polyester blended fabric, cotton and polyester. Their quick-drying properties of were studied using methods such as static simulation and animated simulations. The hemp/Polyester shoe possesses better moisture absorbent and quick drying property.
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Liu, Yu, Wing-Kai Lam, Ieva Seglina, and Charlotte Apps. "Does the Location of Shoe Upper Support on Basketball Shoes Influence Ground Reaction Force and Ankle Mechanics during Cutting Maneuvers?" Biology 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2022): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11050743.
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This study examined the location effect of lateral shoe upper supports on the ground reaction forces, as well as ankle kinematics and moments during the change of direction maneuvers using a statistical parametric mapping approach. University basketball athletes performed side-cuts, complete turns and lateral shuffle maneuvers with their maximum-effort in four shoe conditions with varying shoe upper support locations: full-length, forefoot, rearfoot, none (control). The statistical parametric mapping repeated measures ANOVA test was applied to compare differences between the shoe conditions, followed-up with post-hoc statistical parametric mapping paired t-tests between all shoe conditions. The coronal ankle results revealed that the forefoot support shoe had a reduced eversion moment that varied between ~25–95% across all change of directions (p < 0.05). However, the forefoot upper shoe had increased ankle inversion between ~8–14% (complete turns) and ~96–100% (side-cuts and lateral shuffles), and increased inversion velocity in side-cuts than the other shoes (p < 0.05). Compared to the control, the rearfoot support shoes reduced inversion velocity in side-cut between ~78–92% (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that a forefoot upper support induced most changes in ankle mechanics during basketball cutting maneuvers, with only inversion angle in the complete turn being influenced during the initial period where ankle injury may occur. Future research should examine if these coronal ankle mechanics influence change-of-direction performance and injury risk with regular wear.
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Janisse, Dennis J. "The Art and Science of Fitting Shoes." Foot & Ankle 13, no. 5 (June 1992): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110079201300505.
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The two primary components of achieving proper shoe fit are shoe shape and shoe size. Shoe shape refers to the shape of both the sole and the upper. Proper fit is achieved when shoe shape is matched to foot shape. Shoe size is determined by arch length rather than overall foot length. The proper shoe size is the one that accommodates the first metatarsal joint in the widest part of the shoe. A set of seven guidelines for achieving proper shoe fit is offered. Properly fitting shoes are important in avoiding foot discomfort and deformity, and are absolutely essential in patients with arthritis, diabetes, and other foot disorders.
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ANDREYEVA, OLGA, NATALIIA PERVAIA, INNA LOSHKAREVA, and NATALIA CHUMAKOVA. "RESEARCH OF PROPERTIES, STRUCTURAL FEATURES AND TECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF NEW POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR FILLING-RETANNING OF LEATHER." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (July 2, 2021): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-162-167.
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The paper presents the results of research of two new industrial polymer materials in the form of the Syntan RS3L product and the Syntan F187 product. It has been experimentally established that these materials differ in appearance, structure, and physicochemical properties. So, the first product is a solution of polyacrylates and is well compatible with water, while the second product is a synthetic composition of melamine-formaldehyde resins and inorganic compounds based on aluminium, iron, potassium, sulfur, silicon in the form of a powder, which is partially soluble in water. Using the method of infrared spectroscopy, the features of the structure of polymeric materials are determined – the presence of various groups and bonds, which indicates the polyfunctional nature of both reagents. It was found that after treatment of a chrome tanned collagen preparation with Syntan LF187, the optical density in the IR spectrum of collagen changes to the greatest extent at a frequency of 876-873 cm-1, which corresponds to stretching vibrations of O-O groups of peroxides in the protein structure. When exposed to the Syntan RS3 product, significant changes are observed in the frequency range 1240-1235 cm-1, which corresponds to the stretching and deformation vibrations of the nitrogen-containing Amide II groups, amines and OH groups of alcohols. When studying the technological capabilities of polymeric materials as reagents for filling and retanning chrome tanned leather for shoe uppers from cattle raw materials, it was found that, according to the organoleptic assessment and the indicator of the generalized objective function, the best were leather samples processed with 2.0 % of the Syntan RS3 product. The results obtained can be explained by the peculiarities of the distribution and interaction of materials in the structure of the dermis, the essence of which is the formation of strong and at the same time flexible bonds, which has a positive effect on the formation of the structure and quality indicators of leather. To confirm the obtained data, it is planned to conduct semi-production tests. It is expected that the quality of the finished product will improve, and the existing vegetable and synthetic tanning agents will be replaced with a modern, more efficient and environmentally friendly polymer material.
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Martin-Martinez, Jose Miguel. "Adhesion of Rubber Materials: Surface Modification versus Formulation." Advanced Materials Research 324 (August 2011): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.324.20.
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Adhesives have been used in the footwear industry as an alternative to sewing or application of nails, staples or tacks to bond several parts of the shoes, the most critical bonding is the upper to sole bonding. However, as a limitation, the bonding with adhesives in shoe industry needs a severe control of all steps involved in the formation of the joints to avoid adhesion problems, mainly the separation of the sole from the upper.
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Zhai, Jing Jing. "The Denim’s Characteristics as Upper Material of Footwear." Advanced Materials Research 332-334 (September 2011): 1643–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.332-334.1643.
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Recently revival made denim a prompting material in fashion throughout the world. For footwear design, denim as textile is the hot spot instead of animal leather in 2011. In this report the application of denim in footwear design is discussed. Denim has its specificity in aesthetic aspect. Also compared with leather, denim is more comfortable and healthy to wear. Designers have more freedom in decoration, painting, and composite material selections with denims in shoe design. The issues in manufacture of denim shoes are also mentioned in this work.
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Anam, Choirul, and Tri Andhika. "Desain sepatu kasual pria dengan teknologi 3D printing." Productum: Jurnal Desain Produk (Pengetahuan dan Perancangan Produk) 4, no. 2 (August 12, 2021): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/productum.v4i2.4906.
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Shoes is a mat or footwear that is usually made of leather, Indonesia's footwear industry is included in the top 5 ranking as world exporters. With the 4.0 industrial revolution, Indonesia is expected to be able to keep abreast of industry developments and compete. The way to keep abreast of industry developments is by applying technology, one of which is 3D printing. In addition to being a strategy in the face of the industrial revolution, the application of 3D printing in shoe designs has its own advantages when compared to conventional ways of using leather materials, such as enabling the process of designing and making shoes easier, faster, and customable. Therefore, shoe designs are needed using 3D printing. In the design process, used a qualitative research method approach with analysis to produce a design. Case studies through comparative studies of previous similar product research. Analysis of 3D printing and shoe requirements, as well as design analysis. The resulting synthesis is the product printed with 3D printing on the upper part separately. Using standard out sol that have size 42. With direct print 3D printing applying an auxetic pattern using PLA filaments.
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SOLTYK, І. "PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURE OF INSERTED INSOLES WITH HEATING FOR WARMED SHOES." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 295, no. 2 (May 2021): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-295-2-234-238.
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To date there are several ways to insulate shoes. Among them: the use of quality leather raw materials for the outer parts of the upper and natural fur for the inner parts of the upper of the shoe; application of insert insoles from heat-insulating foil; use of special insoles with a heating element Successful solution of the problem of heating the feet with the help of special insoles will diversify the range of shoes for the cold season, namely shoes for children, military, the elderly, people with impaired blood circulation in the vessels, hunters, fishermen and athletes. Currently, there are many imported thermal insoles on the footwear market, the prices of which are often too high for the average Ukrainian buyer. Therefore, it will be appropriate to make Ukrainian shoes of good design and good quality with special insert insoles at lower prices to meet the consumer needs of our consumers. It will also be possible to make only thermal insoles, which can be inserted into any shoe. Therefore, the topic of this scientific article is very relevant. The article analyzes all existing methods of heating the foot in warm shoes, considers the types of available insoles with heating. Such types of insole heating as chemical and mechanical are considered. Based on previously obtained experimental data, calculations were performed, based on which the required diameter of the wire to be used for heating the insoles was determined. The principles of production of insoles with a heating element which will be used for heating of feet in the cold period of the year are stated. An inexpensive foot heater has been developed, namely, an insole with a heating element made of wire cantaloupe A-1 with a diameter of 0.46 mm, which can be activated from absolutely any type of battery, from laptops, Powerbank, etc.
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Kaiser, Daniel, and Radoslaw M. Cichy. "Typical visual-field locations enhance processing in object-selective channels of human occipital cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 120, no. 2 (August 1, 2018): 848–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00229.2018.
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Natural environments consist of multiple objects, many of which repeatedly occupy similar locations within a scene. For example, hats are seen on people’s heads, while shoes are most often seen close to the ground. Such positional regularities bias the distribution of objects across the visual field: hats are more often encountered in the upper visual field, while shoes are more often encountered in the lower visual field. Here we tested the hypothesis that typical visual field locations of objects facilitate cortical processing. We recorded functional MRI while participants viewed images of objects that were associated with upper or lower visual field locations. Using multivariate classification, we show that object information can be more successfully decoded from response patterns in object-selective lateral occipital cortex (LO) when the objects are presented in their typical location (e.g., shoe in the lower visual field) than when they are presented in an atypical location (e.g., shoe in the upper visual field). In a functional connectivity analysis, we relate this benefit to increased coupling between LO and early visual cortex, suggesting that typical object positioning facilitates information propagation across the visual hierarchy. Together these results suggest that object representations in occipital visual cortex are tuned to the structure of natural environments. This tuning may support object perception in spatially structured environments. NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the real world, objects appear in predictable spatial locations. Hats, commonly appearing on people’s heads, often fall into the upper visual field. Shoes, mostly appearing on people’s feet, often fall into the lower visual field. Here we used functional MRI to demonstrate that such regularities facilitate cortical processing: Objects encountered in their typical locations are coded more efficiently, which may allow us to effortlessly recognize objects in natural environments.
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Борщевська, Н. М. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ ЛАЗЕРНОГО ГРАВІРУВАННЯ НА ФІЗИКО-МЕХАНІЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ НАТУРАЛЬНИХ ШКІР ДЛЯ ВЕРХУ ВЗУТТЯ ТА ШКІРГАЛАНТЕРЕЙНИХ ВИРОБІВ." Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 150, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2020.5.4.
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Research of the influence of laser engraving on the physical and mechanical properties of natural leathers for shoe upper of footwear and leather goods, namely leather crust, Flotar and Nappa. Methodology. The methods of physical and mechanical analysis of leather, mathematical planning (multivariate experiment) and statistical processing of experimental values were used for the study problems. Findings. According to the research influence of laser engraving on the physical and mechanical properties of natural leather for shoe upper and leather goods, it was found that the depth and area of laser ablation affect the tensile strength indicators. There is a certain relationship between them. Based on the results experiment, it can be stated that an increase in the depth of ablation to 50-52% of the thickness of the leather negatively affects the physical and mechanical properties, can worsen the operational and consumer characteristics of footwear and leather goods. An increase in the area of engraved elements up to 50% of the total area of a product part is not recommended for use on shoe parts. The recommended power for engraving natural leather for shoe upper and leather goods is 60-80% of the machine's power. For engraving leather with a polished surface, the laser beam power is adjustable from 11 to 40 W at a head speed of 270 to 300 mm/s. For laser engraving decorative elements with a high degree of detail, it is recommended to use a 1.5'' lens, where the spacing between it and the surface will be 3.81 cm. Increasing the focal length is advisable when engraving captions and images with low detail requirements. Originality. The regularities of the influence of the depth and area of decorative elements during laser engraving on the physical and mechanical properties of natural leather for shoe upper of footwear and leather goods have been determined. Practical value. The optimal parameters of laser engraving for finishing shoes and leather goods made of natural leather have been determined.
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Susiati, Devi, and Lukmandono. "Product Development of Sneakers Design Based on Consumer Preference Through Integration of Kano Method and Quality Function Deployment." Tibuana 5, no. 01 (January 31, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/tibuana.5.01.4982.1-7.
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Ardiles brand shoes are local Indonesian brand shoes that have been around since 1950. Ardiles produces several shoe models, one of which is sneakers. This brand received the top brand award from 2018 to 2021. In analyzing consumer needs, this study uses the Kano method and Quality Function Deployment (QFD). The attributes used to find 25 attributes based on 8 dimensions of product quality. The results of the research using the Kano category method were found that there are 2 attributes in the attractive category, 3 in the indifferent category, 3 in the must be category, and 17 in the one-dimensional category. Furthermore, the results of the QFD method get the top 5 attributes, namely shoes have two functions/models (low cut and high cut) with a value of 20.50%, shoe products have a warranty with a value of 13.87%, safe foot protection with a value of 9, 56%, eco print batik motifs with a value of 9.31%, and non-slip soles with a value of 6.39%. Efforts to improve with HOQ analysis obtained 16 technical requirements attributes with 5 highest priority including upper material type with a contribution value of 18.83%, outsole material type with a contribution value of 18.24%, locking system with a contribution value of 14.58 %, additional features with a contribution value of 13.28%, and the type of locking material with a contribution value of 8.54%.
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Mitschke, Christian, Katrin Karger, and Thomas L. Milani. "Differences in Mechanical Midsole Characteristics of Running Shoes Do Not Influence Physiological Variables in Aerobic and Anaerobic Running." Journal of Human Kinetics 69, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0008.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of footwear stiffness and energy loss on oxygen uptake and heart rate in athletes running under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Four footwear conditions with identical outsoles, insoles, upper materials, but different mechanical properties regarding polyurethane midsole materials were investigated. Respective midsole material characteristics were selected to represent a wide range of running shoes. The test procedure for eighteen well‐trained male runners was divided into three treadmill testing sessions: an incremental ramp protocol to estimate the individual ventilatory threshold (day 1), a test with 6‐minute stages in each shoe at 70% (aerobic, day 2) and 102% (anaerobic, day 3) of the participant’s ventilatory threshold. For oxygen uptake and the heart rate, no significant differences between footwear conditions were found for either running condition. Furthermore, no significant relationships between physiological variables and mechanical midsole characteristics were found. The wide range of significant stiffness differences in the rearfoot (52.7 N/mm) and forefoot areas (50.7 N/mm), as well as significant differences of the shoe midsole material energy loss in the rearfoot (18.8%) and forefoot areas (10.7%) were too low to influence physiological variables significantly when running below and slightly above the ventilatory threshold. It seems that shoe mass and shoe comfort can influence physiological variables more than the mechanical midsole characteristics of stiffness and energy loss. These results may have practical implications for shoe manufacturers, coaches, and athletes, alike.
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Yu, An Nie, Pui Ling Li, Kit Lun Yick, Sun Pui Ng, and Joan Ne Yip. "Investigation of Microclimate in Sports Shoes with the Integration of Human Subjective Sensations." Key Engineering Materials 765 (March 2018): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.765.140.
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Thermal comfort is an important criterion for the overall wear comfort of shoes. In this study, the materials properties, the microclimate of two types of sport shoes made of leather and mesh spacer fabric were evaluated. The human subjective sensations when wearing the shoes were investigated. Ten youth and ten elderly subjects have taken part in wear trials that consist of three activities: sitting, walking and running, while wearing thetwotypes of shoes and in the barefoot condition. The order of the wear trials is randomized for each subject. The temperature and humidity at six locations of the foot were recorded during the wear trials and subjective perceptions of thermal, humidity and comfort were rated at the end of each wear trial. The results show that the leather sports shoes trap more heat and moisture on the feet than the mesh fabric sports shoes. The effect is more significant during running. Therefore, the shoe upper materials not only affect the temperature and humidity of the foot dorsal but also those of the foot plantar. Gender, foot condition and type of activity have a significant linear relationship with thermal, humidity and comfort perceptions towards footwear. Age does not have any impact on the three subjective perceptions. The findings in this study can therefore act as a reference source for the design and development of footwear that have better wear comfort.
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Mawardi, Mawardi, Raja E. Karya Siregar, and Randika Sudharma. "Model dan analisa struktur sepatu kuda bahan komposit polymeric foam diperkuat serat fiber-glass." Talenta Conference Series: Science and Technology (ST) 1, no. 2 (December 20, 2018): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/st.v1i2.296.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasi pembebanan pada sepatu kuda bahan polymeric foamdiperkuat serat fiber-glassmenggunakan analisa software AnsysR17,5 Model sepatu kuda dibuat menggunakan software Solidwork2014 sebanyak dua model, yaitu model 1 dan model 2. Selanjutnya disimulasi statik masing-masing pada sisi atas dan bawah untuk mendapatkan distribusi tegangan sepatu kuda dengan Software AnsysR17.5 Hasil akhir simulasi numerik menunjukkan angka tertinggi pada model 2 bahan polymeric foamdengan nilai tegangan Equivalent(von-mises) Stress0.13021 MPa sedangkan pada model 1 bahan steelhasil akhir nilai tegangan Equivalent (von-mises) Stress0.091885 MPa. Melihat hasil simulasi ini, kesempatan sangat terbuka lebar bagi peneliti berikutnya untuk mengembangkan teknologi mendesain sepatu kuda baru baik secara simulasi maupun eksperimental menggantikan bahan konvensional seperti steelini.
This study aimed to simulate the loading on horse shoes of polymeric foam materials reinforced by fiber glass using AnsysR17,5 software analysis. Horse shoe models made using Solidwork2014 software were as many as two models, namely model 1 and model 2. Furthermore, static simulation was conducted on each upper and lower side to get the horse shoe stress distribution with AnsysR17.5 Software. The final numerical simulation showed the highest number in the polymeric foam 2 model with the value of Equivalent (von-mises) Stress 0.13021 MPa while in the 1 steel material the final value was Equivalent (von-mises) Stress 0.091885 MPa. Seeing the results of this simulation, the opportunity was very wide open for the next researcher to develop technology to design new horse shoes both in simulations and experiments replacing conventional materials such as steelini.
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Salekzamani, Yagoub, Roya Eivazi, Mohsen Eivazi, and Nariman Nezami. "“GirGet Janbaz” Shoe: A New Specific Shoe for Patients With Upper Limb Impairments." JPO Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics 21, no. 3 (July 2009): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpo.0b013e3181b17376.
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Horan, Kate, Kieran Kourdache, James Coburn, Peter Day, Henry Carnall, Dan Harborne, Liam Brinkley, et al. "The effect of horseshoes and surfaces on horse and jockey centre of mass displacements at gallop." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (November 23, 2021): e0257820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257820.
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Horseshoes influence how horses’ hooves interact with different ground surfaces, during the impact, loading and push-off phases of a stride cycle. Consequently, they impact on the biomechanics of horses’ proximal limb segments and upper body. By implication, different shoe and surface combinations could drive changes in the magnitude and stability of movement patterns in horse-jockey dyads. This study aimed to quantify centre of mass (COM) displacements in horse-jockey dyads galloping on turf and artificial tracks in four shoeing conditions: 1) aluminium; 2) barefoot; 3) GluShu; and 4) steel. Thirteen retired racehorses and two jockeys at the British Racing School were recruited for this intervention study. Tri-axial acceleration data were collected close to the COM for the horse (girth) and jockey (kidney-belt), using iPhones (Apple Inc.) equipped with an iOS app (SensorLog, sample rate = 50 Hz). Shoe-surface combinations were tested in a randomized order and horse-jockey pairings remained constant. Tri-axial acceleration data from gallop runs were filtered using bandpass Butterworth filters with cut-off frequencies of 15 Hz and 1 Hz, then integrated for displacement using Matlab. Peak displacement was assessed in both directions (positive ‘maxima’, negative ‘minima’) along the cranio-caudal (CC, positive = forwards), medio-lateral (ML, positive = right) and dorso-ventral (DV, positive = up) axes for all strides with frequency ≥2 Hz (mean = 2.06 Hz). Linear mixed-models determined whether surfaces, shoes or shoe-surface interactions (fixed factors) significantly affected the displacement patterns observed, with day, run and horse-jockey pairs included as random factors; significance was set at p<0.05. Data indicated that surface-type significantly affected peak COM displacements in all directions for the horse (p<0.0005) and for all directions (p≤0.008) but forwards in the jockey. The largest differences were observed in the DV-axis, with an additional 5.7 mm and 2.5 mm of downwards displacement for the horse and jockey, respectively, on the artificial surface. Shoeing condition significantly affected all displacement parameters except ML-axis minima for the horse (p≤0.007), and all displacement parameters for the jockey (p<0.0005). Absolute differences were again largest vertically, with notable similarities amongst displacements from barefoot and aluminium trials compared to GluShu and steel. Shoe-surface interactions affected all but CC-axis minima for the jockey (p≤0.002), but only the ML-axis minima and maxima and DV-axis maxima for the horse (p≤0.008). The results support the idea that hoof-surface interface interventions can significantly affect horse and jockey upper-body displacements. Greater sink of hooves on impact, combined with increased push-off during the propulsive phase, could explain the higher vertical displacements on the artificial track. Variations in distal limb mass associated with shoe-type may drive compensatory COM displacements to minimize the energetic cost of movement. The artificial surface and steel shoes provoked the least CC-axis movement of the jockey, so may promote greatest stability. However, differences between horse and jockey mean displacements indicated DV-axis and CC-axis offsets with compensatory increases and decreases, suggesting the dyad might operate within displacement limits to maintain stability. Further work is needed to relate COM displacements to hoof kinematics and to determine whether there is an optimum configuration of COM displacement to optimise performance and minimise injury.
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Kim, Min-Gyu, Juhyun Kim, Seong Youb Chung, Maolin Jin, and Myun Joong Hwang. "Robot-Based Automation for Upper and Sole Manufacturing in Shoe Production." Machines 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10040255.
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(1) Background: Conventional shoe manufacturing involves many processes that most workers avoid because of loud noises and harmful environments. Therefore, a robot-based shoe manufacturing system is needed to implement an automated process. (2) Aim: We propose a new robot-based shoe manufacturing automation system that includes an automatic robotic solution for replacing the manual manufacturing processes of the upper and sole. (3) Methods: For the upper manufacturing process, a new trajectory acquisition system with a digitizer and a shoe last turning device is proposed. A method to plan the robot’s tool path for roughing and cementing by industrial robot manipulators is also presented. For the sole manufacturing process, we adopted an industrial robot manipulator with a 3-D scanning system and a cementing tool. A trajectory generation algorithm for cementing the outer and inner sides of the sole by transforming 3-D information of the sole into a 6-D posture for the robot is proposed. (4) Results: All developed systems and proposed algorithms are applied to an automated production testbed, and their performances are experimentally verified. (5) Conclusions: The proposed system and methods can be applied for upper and sole manufacturing processes according to evaluation experiments in a demonstrative production line.
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ISOBE, Masashi, and Mai NONOGAWA. "J2310202 Optimized shoe upper design considering the fitting." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2014 (2014): _J2310202——_J2310202—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2014._j2310202-.
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Castelli, Kevin, Ahmed Magdy Ahmed Zaki, Yevheniy Dmytriyev, Marco Carnevale, and Hermes Giberti. "A Feasibility Study of a Robotic Approach for the Gluing Process in the Footwear Industry." Robotics 10, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10010006.
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Manufacturing processes in the shoe industry are still characterized to a large extent by human labour, especially in small and medium craft enterprises. Even when machinery is adopted to support manufacturing operations, in most cases an operator has to supervise or carry out the task. On the other hand, craft footwear industries are called to respond to continuous challenges to face the globalization effects, so that a rapid adaptability to customer needs is required. The industry 4.0 paradigms, which are taking place in the industrial environments, represent an excellent opportunity to improve the efficiency and quality of production, and a way to face international competitors. This paper analyses and proposes a robotic cell to automatize the process of glue deposition on shoe upper, which exploits a new means of depositing the glue compared to State-of-Art applications. While the latter mainly adopt glue gun spraying systems or pneumatic syringes, the proposed robotic cell is based on an extrusion system for the deposition of molten material originally in the form of a filament, similar to all extent to those adopted for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Two cell solutions are designed and tested. In the former the extruder is the robot end effector and the shoe upper is grounded to the cell frame. In the second, being the reciprocal, the shoe last is clamped to the robot wrist and the extruder is fixed to the cell frame. The peculiarities of the two solutions are pointed out and compared in terms of cell layout, hardware, programming software and possibility to develop collaborative applications. A self developed slicing software allows designing the trajectories for glue deposition based on the CAD model of the shoe upper, also allowing driving the inclination of the extruder nozzle with respect to the vectors normal to the upper surface. Both the proposed cell layouts permit to achieve good quality and production times. The solution with the mobile extruder is able to deposit glue at highest end-effector speed (up to 200 mm/s). On the other hand, the solution with the mobile shoe upper and fixed extruder seems to be more appropriate to enhance collaborative applications.
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Sri Rejeki, Yanti, Nur Rahman As'ad, and Eri Achiraeniwati. "Improvement of Work System with Ergonomic Approach of Domestic Shoe Industry in Cibaduyut Bandung." Applied Mechanics and Materials 606 (August 2014): 247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.606.247.
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Cibaduyut is the center of the shoe industry in the city of Bandung, West Java Indonesia. Shoes that are produced here are mostly produced by small-scale industries scattered in Cibaduyut area. The process of making shoes that are made by small industries, still uses simple facilities and techniques, with no attention to the aspect of comfort, safety and occupational health. The work facilities used today causes inconvenience to employees in their work. The results of the survey (by distributing Discomfort Questionnairre), we obtained information stating that the workers complained on several problems concerning the body dimension during the work progress. From this illustration we can say that it is necessary to evaluate the working posture to minimize the risks arising from the work by methods RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment). The results obtained from Rula shows some works that are done are at the level 4, which means that this work belongs to high risk and needs to be improved immediately. Therefore we should provide the design facilities such as desk to work in pattern, sole, and finishing work station which are needed to improve posture. The size of product design tailored to the size of the body dimensions of workers with anthropometric methods. The design of the facility will improve the posture of workers in their work.
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Deb, Amal Kanti, Md Aftab Ali Shaikh, Md Zakir Sultan, and Md Israil Hossain Rafi. "Application of Lac Dye in Shoe Upper Leather Dyeing." Leather and Footwear Journal 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/lfj.17.2.4.
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Hu, Zhongxu, Robert Bicker, Paul Taylor, and Chris Marshall. "Computer vision for shoe upper profile measurement via upper and sole conformal matching." Optics and Lasers in Engineering 45, no. 1 (January 2007): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2006.04.004.
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Veisi, Hemmat, Alireza Choobineh, Haleh Ghaem, Mehdi Faraji Kujerdi, Ramin Barazandeh, and Himan Barazandeh. "Upper extremity musculoskeletal symptoms among Iranian hand-woven shoe workers." Work 67, no. 1 (October 20, 2020): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-203258.
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BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) are highly prevalent among weavers. In Iran, little information is available regarding the prevalence of MSDs and their causal risk factors among hand-woven shoe workers. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of UEMSDs and to identify risk factors associated with UEMSDs symptoms among 586 Iranian hand-woven shoe workers. METHODS: The data were collected using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and by direct observation of working postures via the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) technique to determine ergonomic risks. RESULTS: The prevalence of MSDs symptoms was high among the hand-woven shoe workers. The mean RULA grand score of 6.3 indicated that in most cases the workers’ postures at their workstations needs to be investigated and changed immediately to prevent musculoskeletal injuries. The highest prevalence rates of MSDs were observed in the shoulders, wrists and arms. The result of multiple logistic regression modeling showed that risk factors associated with UEMSD symptoms were job experience, daily working hours, job satisfaction, working posture, work pressure, and discomfort at workstation, as well as individual factors, such as age, gender, BMI, material status, working conditions, education level, and lack of regular sport/physical activities. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study emphasize that any interventional program in this industry has to focus on improving working conditions particularly by designing ergonomics-oriented workstations and hand tools.
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Herbaut, Alexis, Maxime Roux, Nils Guéguen, Pascale Chavet, Franck Barbier, and Emilie Simoneau-Buessinger. "Determination of optimal shoe fitting for children tennis players: Effects of inner-shoe volume and upper stiffness." Applied Ergonomics 80 (October 2019): 265–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2017.05.016.
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Coates, Mike. "Position affects gastropod predation of sessile colonizers on a tropical rocky shore." Marine and Freshwater Research 53, no. 6 (2002): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf01061.
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A long-term experiment was carried out to determine the relative abilities of five sessile animals to colonize cleared plots in the presence or absence of predators. The experiment was done on two adjacent rocky shores, one sheltered and one exposed, on a small tropical island. The effect of predation in maintaining bare space was greatest on the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal, less on the sheltered shore and absent on the exposed shore/lower mid-intertidal. The barnacle, Tesseropora rosea, recruited heavily at the exposed shore/lower mid-intertidal and was dominant, but was unable to colonize the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal or the sheltered shore. The barnacle, Tetraclita squamosa, successfully colonized only the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal and did not appear to be affected by predation. The oyster, Saccostrea amasa, had low colonization levels only on the sheltered shore and exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal, small individuals were susceptible to predation. The barnacle, Chthamalus maylayensis, heavily colonized only the exposed shore/upper mid-intertidal but was removed from this shore height by gastropod predators. The oyster, Saccostrea echinata, colonized only the sheltered shore and was very susceptible to predation. Given the variability found on this small spatial scale, it is suggested that consistent differences in ecological processes between regions (tropical versus temperate) are unlikely but, rather, that differences between localities will be found at the level of species interactions and abiotic effects in particular habits.
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Wu, Xiaojun, Zefei Li, and Peizhi Wen. "An automatic shoe-groove feature extraction method based on robot and structural laser scanning." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 14, no. 1 (December 28, 2016): 172988141667813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881416678135.
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In order to improve the operational efficiency of robot-based shoe manufacturing, a method of shoe-groove tracking based on industrial robot is presented in the article. First, side surface of a shoe upper with a sole is scanned with a laser scanning device. The presented approach mainly consists of two steps: reconstruction of three-dimensional point cloud and feature curve extraction. It is difficult to extract the closed groove curve on shoe surface. We propose an innovative method to simplify the feature extraction through projecting geometric information from three dimension to two dimension, which is convenient to identify longest groove feature line in two-dimensional space. After detecting the two-dimensional groove line, we back project it to three-dimensional space to identify the three-dimensional thick groove point set. Finally, we thin and fit the groove curve into a trackable sequential curve. The experimental results show that the proposed system can effectively detect the shoe groove and generate trackable sequential curve. We also simulate the robot tracking process in a virtual environment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method.
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Modgil, Vikas, S. K. Sharma, and Jagtar Singh. "Performance modeling and availability analysis of shoe upper manufacturing unit." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 30, no. 8 (August 30, 2013): 816–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-feb-2011-0026.
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Ławińska, Katarzyna, Wioleta Serweta, Izabela Jaruga, and Nataliia Popovych. "Examination of Selected Upper Shoe Materials Based on Bamboo Fabrics." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 27, no. 6(138) (December 31, 2019): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4472.
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In this paper the authors describe the creation of new material packages based on bamboo textile materials for upper shoe material. These packages were made up of three layers: an inner layer in the foot skin neighbourhood, outer layer – which contacted with the surrounding environment, and a medium layer – polyurethane foam of a thickness of 2 mm. Experimetal tests consisted in the measurement of hygienic parameters (water vapour absorption and permeability) and some mechanical indicators important from the user’s point of view, like the elongation property and maximum force at break. The packages based on bamboo materials were compared with a standard composition: cotton – polyurethane foam – cotton. The results obtained showed, that in a lot of cases, the use of bamboo materials as lining or an outer layer is a good possibility to improve the hygienic and mechanical properties of newly formed material compositions.
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Sumardani, Sumardani, and Yuyun Yuningsih. "THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF CHILD LABOUR IN FAMILY BUSINESS AT CIBADUYUT FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY." Journal of Economic Empowerment Strategy (JEES) 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30740/j.v2i2.59.
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Child laborer tend to have high hazards and risks especially when they grind and glue a sole to the upper part of the shoe. Shoemaking remains to be a hazardous work for children and adults as long as chemical-based solvents are used. To overcome these problems, the government of the Republic of Indonesia launched a program by giving some aids to the parents of the child laborer to run their small business so that their children can stop working at the shoemaking industry. This research aims at analyzing the economic empowerment of parents who employed their children in the online business industry at Cibaduyut footwear industry and use a qualitative approach with a triangulation of data collected. The research informants were the child laborer, parents who employed their children, footwear craftsmen, and the Head of Industry and Trade Agency. The results of this research showed that economic empowerment in child laborer’s parents was still in low level and they could not market their shoes properly as a product of their small business. In this context, they need both training and workshop in social entrepreneurship and online business method in order to promote their product.
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Sumardani, Sumardani, and Yuyun Yuningsih. "THE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF CHILD LABOUR IN FAMILY BUSINESS AT CIBADUYUT FOOTWEAR INDUSTRY." Journal of Economic Empowerment Strategy (JEES) 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30740/jees.v2i2.59.
Full textAbstract:
Child laborer tend to have high hazards and risks especially when they grind and glue a sole to the upper part of the shoe. Shoemaking remains to be a hazardous work for children and adults as long as chemical-based solvents are used. To overcome these problems, the government of the Republic of Indonesia launched a program by giving some aids to the parents of the child laborer to run their small business so that their children can stop working at the shoemaking industry. This research aims at analyzing the economic empowerment of parents who employed their children in the online business industry at Cibaduyut footwear industry and use a qualitative approach with a triangulation of data collected. The research informants were the child laborer, parents who employed their children, footwear craftsmen, and the Head of Industry and Trade Agency. The results of this research showed that economic empowerment in child laborer’s parents was still in low level and they could not market their shoes properly as a product of their small business. In this context, they need both training and workshop in social entrepreneurship and online business method in order to promote their product.