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Academic literature on the topic 'Shoalhaven region'
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Journal articles on the topic "Shoalhaven region"
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Gould, J., P. Lee, J. Ryl, and B. Mulligan. "Shoalhaven Reclaimed Water Management Scheme: clever planning delivers bigger environmental benefits." Water Supply 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2003): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0005.
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The Northern Shoalhaven REclaimed water Management Scheme (REMS) is one of the largest and most complex reclaimed water management schemes undertaken by an Australian water authority. REMS has been developed to beneficially re-use up to 80% of reclaimed water produced by six wastewater treatment plants in the Shoalhaven region. This paper outlines the process of Scheme development, which required effective integration of varied technical studies and extensive consultation with a diverse group of stakeholders. The process has delivered a scheme which exceeds authority, community and user objectives in terms of cost, environmental protection and operational efficiency. The consultative process implemented for scheme development and optimisation of the REMS concept are discussed as are operational challenges and scheme benefits.
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Suter, PJ. "Wundacaenis, a new genus of Caenidae (Insecta : Ephemeroptera) from Australia." Invertebrate Systematics 7, no. 4 (1993): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/it9930787.
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A new genus, Wundacaenis, is erected for three new species of Australian caenid mayflies. The genus is diagnosed by possession of distinctive lobes on the anterolateral margins of the mesonotum. The distribution of Wundacaenis extends from the Kimberleys in Western Australia, through the Alligator Rivers Region in the Northern Territory, and down the eastern coast to the Shoalhaven River in New South Wales.
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Daly, Garry, and Philip Craven. "Monitoring populations of Heath FrogLitoria littlejohniin the Shoalhaven region on the south coast of New South Wales." Australian Zoologist 34, no. 2 (December 2007): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2007.014.
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Goldingay, Ross L. "Use of sap trees by the yellow-bellied glider in the Shoalhaven region of New South Wales." Wildlife Research 27, no. 2 (2000): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr99001.
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This study examined the use of sap trees by yellow-bellied gliders (Petaurus australis) at 33 sites scattered through approximately 10 000 ha of forest. In all, 62 grey gum (Eucalyptus punctata) trees were assessed during seven visits over a 2-year period for use by gliders in sap feeding (either currently or during the previous month). About 40% of trees had been used prior to each visit, indicating a very high pattern of use. About 29% of trees were used prior to many visits while 18% were not used at all. Gliders made small incisions on trees, apparently to test their suitability for sap feeding. These test incisions were seen several times on all the sap trees that remained unused during this study. They were made on about 60% of trees that were not used for sap feeding within the month prior to a visit. At 23 of the 33 sites, test incisions were also observed on E. punctata non-sap trees. These observations show that gliders actively check sap trees and non-sap trees. This study confirms the importance of sap trees to the yellow-bellied glider and highlights the need for further research that aims to identify the key parameters of these trees to which gliders respond. This would greatly facilitate the management and conservation of the yellow-bellied glider.
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Daly, Garry. "The distribution and status of the Giant Burrowing Frog Heleioporus australiacus in the Shoalhaven region of south-eastern New South Wales." Australian Zoologist 40, no. 2 (December 2019): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7882/az.2018.011.
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Surveys were conducted for the Giant Burrowing Frog Heleioporus australiacus within 50 km of Nowra, on the south coast of New South Wales using a variety of methods. Thirty-eight 250 m transects were surveyed at night for 30 min each and 0–12 adult frogs were detected during these searches. Additional diurnal searches for tadpoles proved to be the most efficient method to detect the species and locate breeding sites. Of 102 sites surveyed, fragmented populations were found at 27 by the presence of tadpoles and adult frogs. The vegetation at these sites was woodland and open forest with a dense shrublayer of heath, but was often ecotonal. Forty-six percent of the sites were within 100 m of cliff edges/waterfalls. The lithology of sites where the frog was found varied from Hawkesbury, Nowra and Snapper Point sandstones. The exception was a population south of Ulladulla that occurs on undifferentiated sediments, but at that site exposed sandstone and a sandy overlay was present. The location of tadpoles indicated that adults were highly selective of the section of drainage line used for breeding. Often these sites consisted of a few small pools in non-perennial creeks. Breeding behaviour was associated with late summer and autumn rain, but in some sites reproduction did not occur annually. Based on distribution and habitat preference, the region has five discrete populations. Urban development has fragmented populations.
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Lucas, Elizabeth, Elizabeth Halcomb, and Sandra McCarthy. "Connecting Care in the Community: what works and what doesn't." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 6 (2016): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15141.
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As the burden of chronic and complex disease grows, there is an emphasis on programs that enhance the quality of care within primary care. The Connecting Care in the Community (CCC) program is an example of the implementation of care integration. This qualitative study sought to explore the experiences general practice staff face in managing clients with chronic and complex care issues, and their perceptions of the contribution of the CCC program to this care. Seventeen general practice staff from 11 practices throughout the Illawarra/Shoalhaven region participated in semistructured interviews. Five main themes emerged: (1) awareness of the CCC program; (2) varying program exposure and value placed on the program; (3) practice ‘busyness’ and role confusion; (4) communication and information sharing; and (5) the need for staff education and knowledge of local resources. If policymakers and healthcare organisations can gain a better understanding of the experiences of general practice staff, they will be able to design and implement programs that best meet the needs of the providers that they are attempting to integrate.
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Toms, Renin, Darren J. Mayne, Xiaoqi Feng, and Andrew Bonney. "Geographic variation in cardiometabolic risk distribution: A cross-sectional study of 256,525 adult residents in the Illawarra-Shoalhaven region of the NSW, Australia." PLOS ONE 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): e0223179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223179.
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A. Keith, David, and Judith Scott. "Native vegetation of coastal floodplains ? a diagnosis of the major plant communities in New South Wales." Pacific Conservation Biology 11, no. 2 (2005): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc050081.
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Coastal floodplains are among the most modified landscapes in southeastern Australia. We used available vegetation survey data for coastal alluvium and other unconsolidated Quarternary sediments to construct a diagnosis of the major plant communities and document their flora. We used soil landscape maps and historical portion plans to gain an understanding of the distribution and environmental relationships of the communities. The flora of coastal floodplains includes more than 1 000 native vascular plant taxa and more than 200 introduced taxa. The introduced flora is likely to be considerably larger, given that sampling was biased toward the least disturbed sites. Six major plant communities were diagnosed including a rainforest found north from the Shoalhaven floodplain, a mixed forest of eucalypts and melaleucas found north from Jervis Bay, a casuarina forest (sometimes with melaleuca) found throughout the coast, one open eucalypt forest found principally south from the Hunter region, another open eucalypt forest found north of the Hunter region and a complex of treeless wetland assemblages scattered throughout the coast. The extent and spatial arrangement of these communities varies between floodplains, with landform, rainfall, water regime and soil properties including moisture, fertility and salinity thought to be important factors mediating their distribution patterns. All six assemblages are listed as Endangered Ecological Communities under Threatened Species legislation. The coastal floodplain communities continue to be threatened by land clearing and crop conversion, fragmentation, changes to water flows, flooding and drainage, input of polluted runoff, weed invasion, activation of acid sulphate soils, climate change and degradation through rubbish dumping and other physical disturbances.
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Toms, Renin, Xiaoqi Feng, Darren J. Mayne, and Andrew Bonney. "Role of Area-Level Access to Primary Care on the Geographic Variation of Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Distribution: A Multilevel Analysis of the Adult Residents in the Illawarra—Shoalhaven Region of NSW, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124297.
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Background: Access to primary care is important for the identification, control and management of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). This study investigated whether differences in geographic access to primary care explained area-level variation in CMRFs. Methods: Multilevel logistic regression models were used to derive the association between area-level access to primary care and seven discrete CMRFs after adjusting for individual and area-level co-variates. Two-step floating catchment area method was used to calculate the geographic access to primary care for the small areas within the study region. Results: Geographic access to primary care was inversely associated with low high density lipoprotein (OR 0.94, CI 0.91–0.96) and obesity (OR 0.91, CI 0.88–0.93), after adjusting for age, sex and area-level disadvantage. The intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICCs) of all the fully adjusted models ranged between 0.4–1.8%, indicating low general contextual effects of the areas on CMRF distribution. The area-level variation in CMRFs explained by primary care access was ≤10.5%. Conclusion: The findings of the study support proportionate universal interventions for the prevention and control of CMRFs, rather than any area specific interventions based on their primary care access, as the contextual influence of areas on all the analysed CMRFs were found to be minimal. The findings also call for future research that includes other aspects of primary care access, such as road-network access, financial affordability and individual-level acceptance of the services in order to gain an overall picture of the area-level contributing role of primary care on CMRFs in the study region.
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Cross, Roger, Andrew Bonney, Darren J. Mayne, and Kathryn M. Weston. "Cross-sectional study of area-level disadvantage and glycaemic-related risk in community health service users in the Southern.IML Research (SIMLR) cohort." Australian Health Review 43, no. 1 (2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah16298.
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Objectives The aim of the present study was to determine the association between area-level socioeconomic disadvantage and glycaemic-related risk in health service users in the Illawarra–Shoalhaven region of New South Wales, Australia. Methods HbA1c values recorded between 2010 and 2012 for non-pregnant individuals aged ≥18 years were extracted from the Southern.IML Research (SIMLR) database. Individuals were assigned quintiles of the Socioeconomic Indices for Australia (SEIFA) Index of Relative Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD) according to their Statistical Area 1 of residence. Glycaemic risk categories were defined as HbA1c 5.0–5.99% (lowest risk), 6.0–7.49% (intermediate risk) and ≥7.5% (highest risk). Logistic regression models were fit with glycaemic risk category as the outcome variable and IRSD as the study variable, adjusting for age and sex. Results Data from 29064 individuals were analysed. Higher disadvantage was associated with belonging to a higher glycaemic risk category in the fully adjusted model (most disadvantaged vs least disadvantaged quintile; odds ratio 1.74, 95% confidence interval 1.58, 1.93; P<0.001). Conclusion In this geocoded clinical dataset, area-level socioeconomic disadvantage was a significant correlate of increased glycaemic-related risk. Geocoded clinical data can inform more targeted use of health service resources, with the potential for improved health care equity and cost-effectiveness. What is known about the topic? The rapid increase in the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D), both globally and nationally within Australia, is a major concern for the community and public health agencies. Individual socioeconomic disadvantage is a known risk factor for abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM), including T2D. Although small-area-level socioeconomic disadvantage is a known correlate of AGM in Australia, less is known of the association of area-level disadvantage and glycaemic-related risk in individuals with AGM. What does this paper add? This study demonstrates a robust association between small-area-level socioeconomic disadvantage and glycaemic-related risk in regional New South Wales. The study demonstrates that it is feasible to use geocoded, routinely collected clinical data to identify communities at increased health risk. What are the implications for practitioners? The identification of at-risk populations is an essential step towards targeted public health policy and programs aimed at reducing the burden of AGM, its complications and the associated economic costs. Collaboration between primary care and public health in the collection and use of data described in the present study has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of both sectors.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shoalhaven region"
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Bennett, Michael, and n/a. "For a labourer worthy of his hire : Aboriginal economic responses to colonisation in the Shoalhaven and Illawarra, 1770-1900." University of Canberra. School of Resource, Environmental and Heritage Sciences, 2003. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050331.134721.
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This thesis presents a narrative of Aboriginal economic responses in the 19th century to
the colonisation of the Shoalhaven and Illawarra regions of New South Wales. It
explores the competing claims of articulation theory and dependency theory about the
intersection of colonial and indigenous economies. Dependency theory claims that
settlers destroy the indigenous mode of production to permit the expansion of their own
economic system. They exploit indigenous labour which then becomes dependent on
capitalist sources of subsistence. Articulation theory, as modified by Layton (2001) to
recognise the bi-directional nature of contact, posits that the rate of capitalist penetration
into indigenous economies is variable and that the non-capitalist mode of production may
be preserved to create a self-supporting source of labour. The contrasting theories are
assessed in this thesis by determining the contribution different strategies made to
Aboriginal subsistence. Historical evidence is used to assess each strategy. The main
source of information is from Alexander Berry's Shoalhaven estate, where Aboriginal
people lived from settlement in 1822 until they were moved to a reserve in the early
1900s. The analysis suggests that contrary to previous research, Aboriginal people
gained the majority of their subsistence from fishing, hunting and gathering until 1860.
Strategies that depended on the colonial economy such as farm work, trading, living with
settlers and stealing made only minor contributions to Aboriginal subsistence. After
1860, European land use intensified and Aboriginal people were further alienated from
the land. The contribution of hunting and gathering contracted as a result. Dependency
on government assistance increased, particularly after the foundation of the Aborigines
Protection Board in 1882. Fishing remained an important source of food and cash.
Maritime resources were not commercially exploited to a significant extent until the
closing years of the 19th century when Aboriginal people were provided with boats and
nets to assist their efforts. The historical evidence demonstrates that articulation theory
offers a more realistic approach than does dependency theory when analysing the
intersection of colonial and indigenous economies. This is because articulation theory
can predict variable outcomes. The variable outcome suggested by the Shoalhaven and
Illawarra data are that hunting, gathering and fishing economies have the resilience to
withstand the colonial encounter if sufficient resources are made available.
Books on the topic "Shoalhaven region"
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Janet, McKenzie. Arthur Boyd at Bundanon. London: Academy Editions, 1994.
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