Journal articles on the topic 'Shipping – Government policy – Korea (South)'
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1
Lee, Jae-Boong, Su-Han Woo, Jeong Seok Song, Byeongchan Seong, and Keun-Sik Park. "Diversification effect of ship investment funds in South Korea." Journal of Korea Trade 23, no. 1 (March 4, 2019): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkt-06-2018-0051.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the diversification effect of the Korean Ship Investment Fund (KSF) under Markowitz portfolio theory by analyzing short-term and long-term relationships with stocks and bonds. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, unit root, correlation and cointegration tests are performed. Monthly data from 2004 to 2015 for stocks, bonds and KSFs are obtained for this study. Findings The correlation coefficients indicate that KSFs are uncorrelated with stocks and negatively correlated with bonds, and no long-term equilibrium relationships exist with all three variables by the Johansen and Engle-Granger cointegration tests. Research limitations/implications This paper makes contribution to the literature as follows: first, whereas the previous literature investigated diversification effect of ship investment using freight indices or freight rates which are not able to represent returns from ship investment, this study is the first study to use actual stock prices of the KSFs to the authors’ best knowledge; and second, diversification effect of ship investment represented by KSFs is empirically verified in the both short term and long term. Practical implications Policy-makers and managers of shipping companies can have sound ground that the KSFs are alternative and attractive assets to investors. It is also shown that the KSFs have potential to improve risk and return structure of investors on their own regardless of existence of incentives. Therefore, decisions of policy-makers can be made free from expectations for stronger incentives provided by the government. In addition, those countries that do not have such a ship investment platform may consider introducing a similar ship investment fund in order to revitalize the capital markets of the country. Originality/value This study holds its significance in investigating diversification properties of the KSFs for the first time in Korea since the KSFs were introduced.
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Lane, Jan-Erik. "Socio-Economic Determinism and Climate Change." Applied Science and Innovative Research 1, no. 2 (November 23, 2017): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v1n2p131.
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<p><em>The global warming problematic is in reality decided not by the UNFCCC or IPCC with its mastodon meetings. The decisive players are the states of the following BIG polluters of CO2: China, India, Indonesia, Brazil, Russia Mexico, South Korea, Canada, Australia and the US, despite the fact that its present government already has defected from the common pool regime, set up in Paris 2017, These countries together with international shipping and aviation are putting out more than 50% of the CO2s. However, they are little interested, because they emphasize the policy-making of socio-economic development, either economic growth with rich countries or the “catch-up” strategy with poor or emerging economies. Resilience will decide which countries can support the consequences of climate change.</em></p>
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Tianming, Gao, Vasilii Erokhin, Aleksandr Arskiy, and Mikail Khudzhatov. "Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Maritime Connectivity? An Estimation for China and the Polar Silk Road Countries." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 3521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063521.
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In light of about 80% of international freight traffic carried by sea, maritime supply chains’ stability is pivotal to global connectivity. For over a year now, the transboundary mobility of vessels and cargoes has been restricted by diverse forms of the COVID-19 containment measures applied by national governments, while the lockdowns of people, businesses, and economic activities have significantly affected the growth prospects of various maritime connectivity initiatives. This study investigates how the pandemic-related public health, trade, and market factors have shifted the connectivity patterns in the Polar Silk Road (PSR) transport corridor between China, South Korea, Japan, Russia, and four economies of Northern Europe. The causality links between the Shipping Connectivity Index (SCI) and the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths, trade volumes with China and the rest of the world, and price indexes of minerals, fuels, food, and agricultural products are revealed separately for eight countries and thirty-five ports. The study algorithm is built on the consecutive application of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and the Phillips-Perron (PP) stationarity tests, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method, the Fully-Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) robustness checks, and the Toda-Yamamoto causality test. Tight trade-connectivity links are recorded in all locations along the China-PSR transport corridor in 2015–2019, but in 2020, the relationships weakened. Bidirectional influences between the number of COVID-19 cases and connectivity parameters demonstrate the maritime sector’s sensitivity to safety regulations and bring into focus the role of cargo shipping in the transboundary spread of the virus. The authors’ four-stage approach contributes to the establishment of a methodology framework that may equip stakeholders with insights about potential risks to maritime connectivity in the China-PSR maritime trade in the course of the pandemic.
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Kim, S. June. "Government policy and the rise of a national shipping industry: Korea’s experience, 1967–1999." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 2 (May 2019): 285–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419841968.
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In 2017, Koreans controlled 1,656 vessels with an aggregate tonnage of 80,976,874 deadweight (dwt), placing Korea as the world’s seventh largest shipowning country. Given that Korean-owned tonnage stood at just 1.3m dwt in 1970, this represented a remarkable rate of growth over less than half a century. This article focuses on the years from 1967 to 1999 and aims to prove that government policy was one of the key causal factors in the rapid increase in Korean shipping. The paper is organised into four main parts. In the first section, the role of the government in the development of the economy is assessed, while Section 2 focuses on state policies designed to promote the shipping industry in Korea. Section 3 highlights the rise of Korean shipping from 1967 to 1999, and the final part considers the wider implications of the role of government policy in the development of the shipping industry.
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Kim, S. June. "The expansion of private shipping and entrepreneurship in Korea, 1960-1981." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 1 (February 2020): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420904534.
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The Korean shipping industry has developed swiftly since the 1960s, and by 2018 Korea had become one of the world’s top seven shipowning countries. From 1945 to the 1960s, the Korea Shipping Corporation, as a national shipping company, played a crucial role in leading the development of the shipping industry. Since the privatization of this national shipping company in 1968, Korean shipping has been led by private companies. This article analyzes the forces that drove the rapid expansion of private shipping companies between 1960 and 1981, and contends that government policy and the entrepreneurship of merchant marine officers were the main causal factors.
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Sohn, Yul, and Won-Taek Kang. "South Korea in 2013." Asian Survey 54, no. 1 (January 2014): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2014.54.1.138.
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The new government led by President Park Geun-hye faced challenges that the previous government had largely failed to address: rising income disparity, stagnant growth, political reform, and foreign policy issues, including a nuclear North Korea and an assertive Japan. Park’s foreign policy scored some successes while her old-style management of political affairs supported by the old guard caused a prolonged political stalemate with the opposition party.
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Song, Joon-heon. "Finding beneficiaries: trade adjustment assistance system in South Korea." Journal of International Trade Law and Policy 16, no. 2 (June 19, 2017): 92–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jitlp-03-2017-0010.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the essential cause for the policy failure of Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) in South Korea. Design/methodology/approach To substantiate the claims made for the failure of the policy, this paper focuses on the differences in policy preferences among the government ministries and agencies involved in TAA. Findings The failure in the TAA policy, according to this study, was attributed to the conflicts and miscoordination arising from the differences in policy preferences among government ministries and agencies. To rectify this failure, the South Korean government had to revise its laws and regulations several times over a short period. Originality/value Drawing on the analytical framework of the literature on policy failure, this paper examines the causal relationships between outcomes of TAA policy and the conflicts or miscoordination among government bodies at each stage: initiatives and planning, implementation and operation of the policy.
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Kim, Chang-yup. "Health technology assessment in South Korea." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, S1 (July 2009): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462309090667.
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Objective: To analyze evolution of the health technology assessment (HTA) at the national level in South Korea.Methods: Analysis of public documents, personal communication, and literative review.Results: HTA in South Korea has been developed since 1990s, first introduced by academia and institutionalized within the National Health Insurance (NHI). Rapidly increasing expenditure had been a challenge of the NHI, which considered health technology management as a cost controlling measure. An amendment was made to the NHI Law in 2000, and provision was made to regulate the process of determining new insurance benefits including procedures, drugs, and equipment. This requirement made the NHI agencies to promote HTA approaches in connection with the government and professional organizations. Also the Healthcare Act was revised in October 2006 ruling that HTA focusing on safety and effectiveness be responsible for new health technologies. Currently, the HTA process is governed by a governmental committee comprising twenty members and technically supported by the HTA center created in the NHI structure.Conclusions: Institutionalized HTA in Korea has been driven mainly by the requirements of the NHI and manifested strengths as well as weaknesses. The government is establishing a new organization for HTA, independent from the NHI.
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CHOO, Jaewoo. "South Korea’s China Policy." East Asian Policy 12, no. 02 (April 2020): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930520000173.
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South Korea’s Moon Jae-in government has four China policy goals: (i) to resolve the THAAD (Terminal High Altitude Area Defence) issue with China; (ii) to persuade China to play a more active role in North Korea’s denuclearisation process; (iii) to facilitate Chinese President Xi Jinping’s reciprocal visit to South Korea; and (iv) to connect the Belt and Road Initiative with President Moon’s “New Northern Policy”, which is ultimately driven to induce Xi’s reciprocal visit.
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You, Jongeun. "Lessons From South Korea’s Covid-19 Policy Response." American Review of Public Administration 50, no. 6-7 (July 17, 2020): 801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074020943708.
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In responding to the Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, some government policies have been more effective in containing, suppressing, and mitigating the disease than others. Government leaders and public administrators can learn from other countries and adapt these lessons to their crisis management and public health systems. South Korea has emerged as a model to emulate in fighting the pandemic. While South Korea endured devastating early outbreaks, the country flattened the coronavirus curve without paralyzing the national health and economic systems. The author reviews South Korea’s public health policy approaches and the embedded context, by using documents and materials written in Korean and English, to learn how the country managed coronavirus from January through April 2020. The critical factors in South Korea’s public health administration and management that led to success include national infectious disease plans, collaboration with the private sector, stringent contact tracing, an adaptive health care system, and government-driven communication. This article also proposes some key aspects to be considered to transfer lessons from country-level responses in South Korea to other contexts.
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Kim, Gil-Soo. "‘Government preference’ and its influence on the shipping industry in Korea." Maritime Policy & Management 19, no. 4 (December 1992): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088839200000027.
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Iswahyudi, Fajar, Muhadjir Darwin, Agus Heruanto Hadna, and Pande Made Kutanegara. "Kontekstualisasi Adopsi Kebijakan: Studi Kasus Kebijakan Pengendalian Covid-19 di Korea Selatan." Jurnal Borneo Administrator 16, no. 2 (August 25, 2020): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24258/jba.v16i2.682.
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South Korea is one of the countries that has successfully controlled Covid-19. The successes obtained by implementing policies, namely: tests, tracking, treatment, and social distancing. This success invited other countries to adopt policies. Policy adoption needs to be done by considering the policy context through three perspectives, namely rationality, organizational, and political. This research will reveal the context of South Korean policy from each perspective. The research method used to discuss the topic is document analysis. From a rationality perspective, the South Korean Government's policy has potent correlation both theoretically and empirically in controlling Covid-19. From an organizational perspective, the determination of South Korean government policy is limited by the rules apply in the organization. From a political perspective, the determination of the policy of the South Korean Government is limited by political pressure on policy makers. This condition is the reason the South Korean Government tends chooses policies for conducting tests, tracking, maintaining, and social distancing over other policies to control Covid-19. Although other policies have a better ability to control Covid-19, those who wish to adopt the policy of the South Korean Government can seek and take advantage of other policy alternatives. Especially, not experiencing organizational and political boundaries as happened in South Korea.
Keywords: Covid-19, South Korea Government, Policy, Control
Abstrak
Korea Selatan menjadi salah satu negara yang berhasil mengendalikan Covid-19. Keberhasilan tersebut diperoleh dengan melaksanakan empat kebijakan, yaitu: pelaksanaan tes, penelusuran, perawatan, dan menjaga jarak fisik. Keberhasilan ini mengundang negara lain untuk melakukan adopsi kebijakan. Adopsi kebijakan perlu dilakukan dengan memperhatikan konteks kebijakan melalui tiga perspektif, yaitu rasionalitas, organisasional, dan politik. Penelitian ini akan mengungkap konteks kebijakan Korea Selatan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk membahas permasalahan tersebut adalah analisis dokumen. Dari perspektif rasionalitas, kebijakan Pemerintah Korea Selatan tersebut memiliki korelasi yang kuat, baik secara teoritis maupun empiris dalam mengendalikan Covid-19. Dari perspektif organisasional, penentuan kebijakan pemerintah Korea Selatan dibatasi oleh aturan yang berlaku dalam organisasi. Dari perspektif politik, penentuan kebijakan Pemerintah Korea Selatan dibatasi oleh adanya tekanan politik kepada pembuat kebijakan. Kondisi tersebut menjadi alasan mengapa Pemerintah Korea Selatan cenderung memilih kebijakan untuk pelaksanaan tes, penelusuran, perawatan, dan menjaga jarak fisik dibandingkan kebijakan lain guna mengendalikan Covid-19. Walaupun kebijakan lain tersebut memiliki kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam mengendalikan Covid-19. Untuk itu bagi para pihak yang ingin mengadopsi kebijakan Pemerintah Korea Selatan dapat mencari dan memanfaatkan alternatif kebijakan lain. Khususnya ketika tidak mengalami batasan organisasional dan politik seperti yang terjadi di Korea Selatan.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Korea Selatan, Kebijakan, Pengendalian
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Min, Young-Hun, Jong-Kwang Joo, and JungHwan Moon. "A Study on Implementation of the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies in Korea." Korea Association of Maritime Transportation Studies 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.58316/kamts.2022.1.1.89.
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In the last June, the WTO MC 12 has made the millstone where the MC 12 adopted the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies for prohibiting subsidies on overcapacity fisheries, and overfishing, and eliminating subsidies on IUU fishing. It still remains “instrument of acceptance” of the protocol of the Agreement on fisheries Subsidies, but the international communities and the WTO secretariat are calling WTO members to deposit their instruments of acceptance. For its operation, two-thirds of WTO members need to deposit them at the WTO. Korea is one of the major fishing countries such as China, Japan, Norway and others and so enforcement of this agreement will have significant effects on the Korean fishing industry, especially distant shipping. On the basis of the Distant Water fisheries Development Act of Korea, the Korean government is supporting its distant shipping industry in terms of policy support, subsidies, consulting and others. The WTO subsidies agreement has not specified and detailed which fisheries subsidies of the agreement will include governmental support as the prohibited subsidies. In this line, the Korean government should be able to implicate the Korean policy to the agreement in terms of extent of the Korean subsidies.
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Pradityo, Rahmadanu. "South Korea’s Interest in ASEAN+1: New Southern Policy and Peacebuilding." Jurnal Sosial Politik 8, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jurnalsospol.v8i1.18026.
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ASEAN as a regional organization in Southeast Asia has cooperative relations with state actors and other international organizational actors within the ASEAN+1 framework, one of which is with South Korea. ASEAN relations with South Korea experienced ups and downs due to following the dynamics that occurred on the Korean Peninsula. After the election of Moon Jae In as President of South Korea, the South Korean government emphasized its seriousness to deepen its relations with countries in Southeast Asia and India. This article explains why South Korea has again strengthened its relationship with ASEAN through the New Southern Policy. This study uses the concept of national interest based on English School thinking with a qualitative approach and literature review methods that collect data in the form of books, journals, official government websites, and scientific reports/papers. The results of this study indicate that South Korea has deepened its relationship with ASEAN to realize its national interests in the form of increasing economic cooperation which was affected by the trade war between the United States and China. In addition, South Korea's other national interest is in the form of efforts to achieve peace on the Korean Peninsula through ASEAN member countries that also have bilateral relations with North Korea.
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Lim, Dong-Jin, and Kyung Deuk Kwon. "Policy conflicts and factors affecting conflict resolution in South Korea." International Journal of Conflict Management 31, no. 1 (September 18, 2019): 58–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-03-2019-0057.
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Purpose This paper aims to identify and explore the overall frequency and characteristics of policy conflicts, with a focus upon those factors affecting conflict resolutions in South Korea. Design/methodology/approach The study uses data from cases of conflict from the Korean Public Policy Conflict Database (KPPCDB) (1948-2014). For the analysis of data, chi-squared test and multinomial logistic regression are used. Findings The findings show a total of 2,030 policy conflicts in 1948-2014, most of which were conflicts of interest (47.9 per cent). More than 70 per cent (71.2 per cent) were policy conflicts between the government and the private sector; the field with the most policy conflicts was regional development (21.0 per cent), and 84.1 per cent of all policy conflicts were resolved. The factors that affected conflict resolution by interest were conflicts between the government and private sector, authoritarian government, national regions and capital areas. Practical implications This paper suggests reforming the current procedures of conflict management, adopting alternative dispute resolutions, and developing a social-consensus-building process for efficiently resolving conflicts. Originality/value This study built a database (KPPCDB) examining 66 years of conflict cases that took place between 1948, the year the Korean Government was established, and 2014. This database covers all cases of policy conflicts that occurred in Korea and provides a comprehensive understanding of the phenomena of policy conflicts and conflict resolution.
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Caroine, Norma. "The Koreanization of the Australian Sex Industry: A Policy and Legislative Challenge." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 26, no. 3 (December 31, 2011): 13–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps26302.
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South Korea enacted Legislation in 2004 that penalizes pimps, traffickers, and sex industry customers while decriminalizing people in prostitution and offering assistance to leave the sex industry. In contrast, Australia Legally recognizes most sex industry activities. This article argues that Australia`s Laissezfaire approach to the sex industry hampers South Korean government efforts to prevent the crime of sex trafficking. Since 2004, pimps and traffickers have moved their activities from South Korea to countries like Australia and the US that maintain relatively hospitable operating environments for the sex industry. The Australian government should reconsider its approach to prostitution on the basis of its diplomatic obligations to countries Like South Korea and the need to uphold the human rights of women in Asia who are being trafficked and murdered as a result of sexual demand emanating from Australia. Australia should coordinate its policy on prostitution with South Korea to strengthen the region`s transnational anti-trafficking response.
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Lee, Suk Kyung. "Policy Formulation and Implementation on Participatory Budgeting in Seoul, South Korea." Policy & Governance Review 1, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.30589/pgr.v1i2.49.
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This research analyzes the policy formulation and implementation of participatory budgeting in Seoul by using qualitative methods focusing on document research. The target time for this research is from 2010 until May 2012 when the Seoul government enacted the PB regulation for policy formulation, and from 2012 until 2016 for policy implementation. The results of the research show that Seoul government had already faced many demands for the implementation of PB before the regulation on PB was enacted. These demands are the result of two flows, that is, a political flow that regards citizen participation in the process of public policy as important and the worsening financial condition of the local government. In this situation, the change of Seoul mayor in 2011 has led the Seoul government to start policy formulation for PB. In the process of making the regulations, the CSOs that already studied a lot about PB also participated in this process. So, Seoul government has made regulation on PB with high level of citizen participation. After regulation on PB was enacted, during the implementation of PB, Seoul government seeks to increase the level of citizen participation by enhancing its representativeness and expertise. For example, Seoul government randomly select most of the PB committee members through open recruitment for representatives, make compulsory lessons in budgets school for expertise, and disclose all information and provide more opportunities for participation such as e-voting to increase the number of participants. As a result, the number of e-voting participants reached about 1% among the total population of Seoul.
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Lee, Jeongmin, Minseop Sim, Yulseong Kim, and Changhee Lee. "Strategic Pathways to Alternative Marine Fuels: Empirical Evidence from Shipping Practices in South Korea." Sustainability 16, no. 6 (March 14, 2024): 2412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16062412.
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This study investigates the transition to a sustainable shipping industry within the framework of the IMO’s 2050 carbon neutrality objective, focusing on sociotechnical systems analysis. This research delves into the sustainable paradigm shift towards alternative marine fuels, such as LNG, methanol, ammonia, and hydrogen, from a sociotechnical transition perspective, analyzing the multilevel perspective challenges and opportunities. Specifically, it scrutinizes the implications of adopting these alternative fuels for global shipping, identifying technical uncertainties, financial constraints, and infrastructure needs. Through a comprehensive review of the existing literature on ship emissions and alternative fuels, coupled with sociotechnical transition theory, this study addresses the multifaceted challenges and opportunities in meeting the IMO’s environmental objectives. It emphasizes the necessity of collaborative governance, innovative niche strategies, and a holistic approach to leverage the current window of opportunity in facilitating the maritime industry’s transition to sustainable fuel options. Finally, this research enhances our understanding of the intricate interplay between technological, social, industrial, and cultural dynamics in the greening of shipping, and offers insights into the strategic adoption of environmentally friendly marine fuels for a sustainable future.
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Choi, Junghwan, Sangseop Lim, Sungho Park, Hwasop Roh, Hohyun Jin, and Changhee Lee. "The Serious Accidents Punishment Act of South Korea and Its Impact on the Shipping Industry: Toward Sustainability." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 8936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148936.
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The Serious Accidents Punishment Act (SAPA) of South Korea mandates that chief executives secure operational safety and health to prevent industrial and civil disasters. The SAPA imposes civil and criminal responsibilities on chief executive officers, including business owners, for fatal accidents due to safety and health measures violations. We examine the SAPA’s challenges to the shipping industry and the measures taken by ship owners and ship management companies to address them. In the modern shipping industry, ships and crew often have different nationalities; hence, it may be difficult to determine which law applies or where liability lies. Business activities are mostly overseas. Ship management is performed by third parties, and the introduction of autonomous systems is leading to crew reductions and other changes; these factors create uncertainty about the SAPA’s applicability. Therefore, legal requirements and measures must be established to ensure that South Korean shipping companies do not take on excessive responsibilities internationally while still protecting workers and others. This study suggests measures to ensure safety and stability in the South Korean shipping industry following the SAPA through a horizontal comparative analysis with the UK’s Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007, which served as a model for the SAPA.
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Shaheera, Hanis. "THE SOUTH KOREAN CYBER POLICY IN PROMOTING ACTIVE INTERNET USERS AND ITS VULNERABILITIES IN CYBER THREATS." International Journal of Politics, Public Policy and Social Works 2, no. 7 (December 2, 2020): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631//ijppsw.27002.
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The world is now entering the 4th Industrial Revolution (IR4) and South Korea is the example that accepted the cutting-edge evolution as it is a country with the most wired in the world. Hence, this study intends to explore the initiatives taken by the government of South Korea in succeeding to encourage and expand internet users among South Korean by implementing an auxiliary cyber policy. This study will implement a qualitative method by focusing on the case study of South Korea. The researcher intends to examine the cyber policy made by the South Korean government and its effect on the increasing internet usage among South Korean. The findings show that there are demographic factors in influencing internet users and mechanisms taken by the government by collaborating with private agencies in influencing South Korean through media platforms about the benefits of using the internet as part of daily life despite its vulnerability in cybercrimes.
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Muliawati, Esty Fidhela, Widya Setiabudi, and Wawan Darmawan. "Trust-politik Korea Selatan kepada Korea Utara dalam Konteks Reunifikasi Korea Pada Pemerintahan Park Geun-hye." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 4, no. 2 (October 24, 2021): 809–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v4i2.749.
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The reunification of Korea is something that has been continuously discussed in every government of the presidents of South Korea. The concept of foreign policy of the 11th President of South Korea, Park Geun-hye, is known as Trust-Politics Policy. Trust-politics is President Park's overarching political philosophy. It is a vision and a policy tool applied to domestic politics and international relations. At its heart lies the concept of trust. Trust-Political Policy, influenced by internal and external factors. This politics seeks to build mutually binding expectations based on global norms. The purpose of the problem in this research is to find out the idea of reunification of South and North Korea during President Park and to explain South Korea's Trust-Political Policy to North Korea in the context of Korean Reunification. Researchers used qualitative research methods with literature study techniques in the process of collecting data. Based on the results of discussion and data analysis, reunification can be carried out using three Korean reunification scenarios, namely unification through evolution and adaptation systems, unification through collapse and absorption, and unification through conflict. As well as the idiosyncratic factors that influence Park in politics are factors of leadership, belief, culture, and the political system.
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Shim, Moon-Jung, and Yun-Jung Kang. "COVID-19 in South Korea: Focusing on Club Infections." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 2299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.14.4.08.
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On January 20, 2020, the first COVID-19 case in Korea was confirmed. The Korean government handled the situation by early identification and quarantine along with transparent disclosure of information, while announcing a National Guideline to practice aggressive prevention policies. Consequently, the government changed its social distancing policy into a casual-distancing-in-daily-lives policy. However, on the very day when the new policy started, a new male patient who had visited a club in Itaewon, Seoul, was confirmed to be the start of a club infection. This incident gave rise to three possible problems for Korea. Firstly, asymptomatic infection, which means a patient can spread the virus having only slight or no symptoms at all, can increase. Secondly, the fourth infection occurred due to local transmission by confirmed cases related to the club infection. Thirdly, the change in awareness among the 20s and 30s age groups is required to minimize the COVID-19 situation. As there is no established cure for COVID-19, both the government and the public should exert care.
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Chae, Sulan. "Comparative study on changes in maritime industry legislation in North and South Korea from 2012 to 2022." Korean Association of Area Studies 41, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 157–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.29159/kjas.41.3.157.
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This study compared the marine industry legal system in North and South Korea, the direction of revision according to Korea's marine industry classification system, and drew a conclusion on the direction in which North Korea's marine industry legislation should move.
The differences between North and South Korea were examined in terms of the procedural aspects of institutionalizing their maritime policies. S･Korea will comprehensively establish a basic plan for maritime and fisheries development under the leadership of the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, and laws in individual sectors such as ports, shipping, and fisheries will be revised, becoming undifferentiated and gaining detailed normative power. On the other hand, North Korea's maritime industry legislation was influenced by the leader, the Workers' Party, accession to international conventions, and international organizations, leading to policy agendas and systems being formed and revised.
Compared to South Korea, North Korea's shipping-related laws are well structured, but other laws are not subdivided. This is due to the difference in the principles of the domestic economic system based on self-reliance and the legislative system.
Looking at the content of North and South Korea's maritime industry legislation, the fundamental purpose of the maritime industry legislation is different because the principles of the economic systems of both sides are different. In North Korea, the fundamental purpose of the law is to increase production through central planning and control. On the other hand, in Korea, the purpose of the law is to increase profits and efficiency according to capitalism.
Despite these differences, the direction of revision of the maritime industry laws of North and South Korea was in line with the international community, and there was a commonality in strengthening safety regulations in the marine economy and protecting the environment and ecology. Due to the nature of the sea as a space for symbiotic cooperation, North Korea must deeply empathize with this and actively participate in building an international system (laws and regulations).
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Kwon, Ki-Seok. "Evolution of Universities and Government Policy: the case of South Korea." Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7545/ajip.2015.4.1.103.
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Kim, Chunil, and Jinsoo Ko. "Unintended Consequences of Housing Policies: Evidence from South Korea." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 13, 2023): 3407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043407.
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South Korea has crafted a series of policy measures to regulate or stimulate housing markets. One interesting feature is that policy makers and market observers have paid enormous attention to one particular housing market, the Greater Gangnam Area in Seoul. The area is an upscale and self-sufficient urban neighborhood with high-priced residential properties; the nation’s housing policies have been directed toward tempering housing price appreciation there. This leads to the following research question: whether the housing policy tools achieved the intended goals or not. This study examined the differential impacts of government-initiated policy measures on housing submarkets in the primary real estate market. Quasi-experimental econometric evaluations, which are AITS-DID methods, revealed that recent policy measures did not achieve the intended goal of housing price stabilization. Rather, those policy instruments brought about unintended consequences. The Housing Welfare Roadmap measure was intended to cool down the Gangnam housing market, but it in fact increased the Gangnam housing prices by 5.69 percent points in comparison to the non-Gangnam area. In order to tackle housing market imbalances, the government should devise long-term urban and regional planning strategies to create self-sustaining communities suitable for various population groups so that they can compete with existing strong real estate markets.
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Lee, Hwajun, and Mijin Noh. "North Korea Policy and South Korea Government`s Perception - Focusing on North Korea recognition and Division Recognition." Social Science Research Review 35, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 23–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18859/ssrr.2019.2.35.1.23.
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Marlinda, Ajeng Puspa, Bambang Cipto, Faris Al-Fadhat, and Hasse Jubba. "South Korea's Halal Tourism Policy - The Primacy of Demographic Changes and Regional Diplomacy." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0081.
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Halal tourism policies are alternatives in the diversification of the tourism industry. In non-Muslim majority countries, such as Singapore, Thailand, Japan, and South Korea, these policies expand the market segmentation, especially tourists from Muslim majority countries. This paper explains the halal tourism policy in South Korea, which only started in the last 5 years. Specifically, it analyzes various factors supporting halal tourism in South Korea, despite being a non-Muslim majority country. The study uses qualitative data collected through direct observation and interviews. This paper argues that economic and market factors are not the only considerations for the Korean government in supporting this policy. The results indicate that halal tourism emerged due to domestic demographic changes with increasing Islam in South Korea. Moreover, this policy was strengthened by China's economic pressure, which restricted its population from visiting South Korea. The restriction was due to the adoption of the THAAD policy by the Korean government. This study recommends that research on halal tourism should be conducted in other non-Muslim, or compared to Muslim majority countries. Moreover, the research time should be increased to establish result differences. Future studies should also adopt different scientific perspectives apart from international relations.
Received: 18 February 2021 / Accepted: 9 April 2021 / Published: 10 May 2021
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In-hee, Lee. "Change of Rural Development Policy in South Korea after Korean War." Journal of Regional and City Planning 32, no. 2 (August 13, 2021): 130–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jpwk.2021.32.2.3.
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The industrial development of South Korea is an exceptional success story. However, there were several side effects of the strong economic growth, such as rapidly increasing city populations and severe socio-economic inequality. The population in the area of the capital currently amounts to half of the national population of South Korea. The Korean government has implemented various regional development policies for a more balanced national development. This paper investigates the series of Five-Year Economic Development Plans from 1962-1997 and the Saemaul Undong movement, who contributed to the record of economic development of South Korea, and discusses the rural development policies recently promoted by the South Korean government to address problems such as the progressive decrease and stagnation of agricultural productivity, the depopulation and aging trends in rural areas, the deterioration of farm household income structure, and import expansion and unstable grain supply by free trade agreement. Abstract. Perkembangan industri Korea Selatan adalah kisah sukses yang luar biasa. Namun, ada beberapa efek samping dari pertumbuhan ekonomi yang kuat, seperti populasi kota yang meningkat pesat dan ketimpangan sosial ekonomi yang parah. Penduduk di wilayah ibu kota saat ini berjumlah setengah dari penduduk nasional Korea Selatan. Pemerintah Korea telah menerapkan berbagai kebijakan pembangunan daerah untuk pembangunan nasional yang lebih seimbang. Makalah ini menyelidiki serangkaian Rencana Pembangunan Ekonomi Lima Tahun dari 1962-1997 dan gerakan Saemaul Undong, yang berkontribusi pada rekor pembangunan ekonomi Korea Selatan, dan membahas kebijakan pembangunan perdesaan yang baru-baru ini dipromosikan oleh pemerintah Korea Selatan untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah seperti sebagai penurunan progresif dan stagnasi produktivitas pertanian, depopulasi dan tren penuaan di daerah perdesaan, kerusakan struktur pendapatan rumah tangga pertanian, dan ekspansi impor dan pasokan biji-bijian yang tidak stabil oleh perjanjian perdagangan bebas. Keywords. Saemaul Undong, perencanaan penggunaan lahan, pembangunan perdesaan, pembangunan ekonomi, perubahan populasi.
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Choo, Sun-Ae. "Analysis of Trade Fraud in Korea: Trade settlement fraud and shipping fraud." Korean Academy Of International Commerce 38, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18104/kalc.2023.38.1.1.
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Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze trade fraud cases and present pre- and post-measures to prevent risks and damage to trade traders. It also aims to help revitalize exports and imports by presenting practical and policy implications.
Research design, data and methodology : This paper is Along with a literature, review, this study focuses on the Kotra’s trade fraud cases from 2017 to 2021.
Results : According to the analysis results, payment fraud is unpaid in long-term transactions based on trust, extension of payment date, suspension of transactions due to change of representative, company liquidation, and payment avoidance. Examples of defective shipments include fraud cases of non-existent companies and product shipping cases different from the contents of the contract.
Conclusions : As a result of the study, pre- and post-counter measures for trade fraud are presented. The practical implications are that it is possible to provide major guidelines to trade traders by raising awareness of trade fraud and improve stable and continuous competitiveness. Policy proposals and implications are to establish a system to prevent trade fraud through briefing sessions and education, development and competition of educational programs, and pan-government cooperation.
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Samsonova, V. G. "South Korean Science and Technology Policy." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 14, no. 4 (August 30, 2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-4-7.
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The article analyzes the policy of South Korea in the field of science and technology, examines the main trends of the ROK’s science development, current state, key problems and prospects of the industry. The characteristics of the state scientific and technological policy and its main actors are presented. It is stated that at the beginning South Korea abundantly used adopt experience, foreign technologies and successfully got accepted them in production. The ROK succeeded to hold leading positions in the world innovation ratings through smart patent activity, essential investment and government policy. At the same time, the author predicts the necessity of tremendous efforts, includes but not limited to fi ancial injection for maintaining such high figure. The issue of not only human resources’ import but also keeping of South Korean skilled labor, the demand and competition for whom are ramping up dramatically, has still unresolved. The article focuses on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the scientific policy and the development of innovations in the fight against such pandemics. It was revealed that research in the field of biotechnology and establishment of “smart” health care centers based on the innovations become a priority of science policy. It was noted that South Korea one of the first reaps the benefits of IT solution, which helps to prevent economics collapse and further viral shedding through the rapid digital technics’ implementing.
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Chung, Choong-Sik, Hanbyul Choi, and Youngmin Cho. "Analysis of Digital Governance Transition in South Korea: Focusing on the Leadership of the President for Government Innovation." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010002.
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This research intends to draw implications for digital governance establishment by analyzing how the president’s leadership has worked in the digital government innovation promoted in South Korea over the past 30 years. This research examines the process of digital government development in South Korea from the 1990s onwards, chronologically and in the order of presidential administrations. The analysis proceeds from the following three perspectives: the political characteristics of digital government, the presidents’ leadership on government innovation through digital government process, and the composition of a strong cross and joint governmental promotion system. The implementation of digital government is not simply about a computerized government. Driving digital government means the overall transformation of government. From this point of view, to successfully implement digital governance, we must approach it from a highly political perspective. The implementation of digital government in South Korea has been continuously pursued as a national agenda. Since South Korea has a well-established high-speed information and communication infrastructure, e-Government and digital government innovation have been promoted as national agendas regardless of regime change. However, in this process, the president’s leadership determined the success or failure of digital government innovation. Therefore, the most important success factor for digital government innovation is securing policy sustainability regardless of administration change.
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Roh, Jongho. "Improving the government performance management system in South Korea." Asian Education and Development Studies 7, no. 3 (July 9, 2018): 266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-11-2017-0112.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the current performance management system of the South Korean Government and make recommendations for improvements to its institutional, operational, and value dimensions. Design/methodology/approach Based on a literature review, the government performance management system in South Korea is analyzed according to its institutional, operational, and value dimensions. Findings The Korean Government’s performance management system has developed distinct features such as strong political leadership, diversity in types of performance evaluation, the institutional involvement of civilian experts, and a mutually cooperative system among agencies tasked with efficient performance management. This paper concludes that the government performance management system requires further improvement in its institutional, operational, and value dimensions. Originality/value The paper provides scholars and policy makers concerned with government performance management, with diverse perspectives and suggested areas for improvement.
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Kim, Doo-Rae. "Local Government Policy Diffusion in a Decentralised System: Childbirth Support Policy in South Korea." Local Government Studies 39, no. 4 (August 2013): 582–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003930.2012.726200.
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Mulyaman, Darynaufal. "Lee Myung Bak’s Choice on Sunshine Policy: South Korean National Interests and North Korean Threat." JURNAL SOSIAL POLITIK 4, no. 2 (December 26, 2018): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/sospol.v4i2.5867.
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Sunshine Policy that had been implemented by South Korean Government on Kim Dae-Jung and Roh Moo-Hyeon’s administration from 1998-2008. This policy started to do cooperative behavior for treating North Korea as a partner, not contrarily, yet the Sunshine Policy was considered as a failure by Lee Myung-Bak’s administration, thereupon stopped offhandedly despite recent cultural and cooperative diplomacy that had been done by his successor President Moon Jae-In. Then Why the South Korean government at the time of President Lee Myung-Bak stopped the Sunshine Policy offhand? In the scheme of National Interest idea, North Korea still a predominant threat that very paramount for South Korean national interest, even an accommodative and cooperative policy like Sunshine Policy could not emphasize South Korean national interests. This paper also tries to analyze the issue with explaining foreign policy decision making factors, such as the domestic and external factor, decision environment, and psychology factor of President Lee Myung-Bak at that time.
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Kim, Soonhee. "A Comparative Study of Family-Friendly Policies and Benefits in Public Organizations: South Korea and the United States." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 21, no. 2 (February 28, 2007): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps21201.
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This paper anlyzes the family-friendly policies and benefits currently offered by public organizations in South Korea and the United States. This study found that leaves of absence are the first types of family-friendly policy that reflect an acknowledgement on the part of government agencies in South Korea and the United States aht both men and women must face work/family conflicts in their lives. The South Korean government provides more generous leave policies than those of the American public sector. Hoewver, several family-friendly benefits provided by federal agencies in the United States, including flexible workplace and telecommuting programs, job sharing, and dependent care counseling and referral services were rarely offered by the South Korean government. Finally, the paper discussed policy implications and emphasizes managerial leadership affecting the implementation process behind these policies in public agencies.
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Hong, Suk-Hoon, and Yun-Young Cho. "Consistent pattern of DRPK’s policy on ROK: What shapes North Korea’s foreign policy?" International Area Studies Review 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865916683602.
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Identity is the basis of North Korea’s regime legitimacy. As a divided country, North Korea’s legitimacy is forged in the inter-Korean comparison. This paper starts with the question of what factors influence whether North Korea chooses to implement risky or cooperative policies toward South Korea, as well as what role domestic politics and ideology play in The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s (DPRK) formation and enactment of foreign policy. This paper confirmed that the Pyongyang leadership’s policy priority has mostly depended on identity need. Also, we infer that Pyongyang tends to take a hostile stance whenever the South government is willing to infringe Pyongyang’s legitimacy and dignity regardless of the South’s economic assistance. This research attempts to explain how historical and cultural contexts play in the DPRK’s formation of its policy toward the Republic of Korea, and also examines Rodong Sinmun, the official newspaper of the Pyongyang regime, through the lens of content analysis in order to determine the DPRK’s perception and policy preferences toward the The Republic of Korea (ROK).
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Jungyeon, Park, and Koo Min Gyo. "The Origin and Evolution of the Crisis in the Offshore-Plant Industry in South Korea: Goal Ambiguity and Governmental Politics." Korean Journal of Policy Studies 32, no. 1 (April 30, 2017): 71–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.52372/kjps32104.
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The once-promising offshore-plant industry in South Korea is on the verge of collapse. There are both internal and external reasons for the sudden rise and fall of this now troubled industry. This study focuses on what went wrong within the South Korean government. It examines how the offshore-plant industrial policy has been implemented since its inception in 2012. Using a modified version of Matland`s ambiguity-conflict matrix, this study explains the way in which the combination of policy goal ambiguity and organizational conflict between and within government agencies led to policy drift and failure. We find that offshore-plant industrial policy has undergone three different but related stages from symbolic to experimental to political implementation over the past five years. Varying degrees of goal ambiguity and organizational conflicts have resulted in these shifts, which in turn have resulted in the government missing opportunities to correct earlier policy errors in the next stages. This study explains the unique problems inherent in the offshore-plant industrial policy. At the same time, it reveals common problems prevalent in South Korea`s government-led industrial policy: a lack of planning, deliberation, coordination, and collaboration within the government, let alone outside of it.
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Park, Han Woo. "Use of North Korea-Related YouTube Videos in South Korea: A Case Study of VideoMug." Drustvena istrazivanja 30, no. 4 (December 27, 2021): 721–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5559/di.30.4.04.
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South Koreans have been producing social media content that sharply divided between conservative and progressive perspectives. This study analyzes a YouTube video clip during a South-North summit and then expands its scope to include the entire set of North Korea-related videos. The video was accused on the presidential petition website of violating South Korea's National Security Law. Despite sparking a debate on the suitability of the video's content among YouTube viewers, the petition did not attract much attention from the general public. Using this clip as a basis, we examine how YouTubers show interest in, reactions to, and engagement with North Korea-related media content using several network metrics and visualizations. Our analysis includes extensive background on South Korea's information policy toward North Korea. Based on our findings, we recommend that the South Korean government use cognitive and communication-oriented profiling-based input when formulating their information policy toward North Korea.
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Nam, Kwang-kyu. "The Yoon Seok-yeol Administration's Policy on North Korea and the Direction of ROK-U.S. Relations and Policy Tasks." Public Policy Research Institute, Korea University 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 51–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34266/jnks.2022.8.1.51.
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The direction of Yoon Seok-yeol's North Korea policy and foreign relations can be summarized as "first U.S.-South Korea relations, later inter-Korean relations," "first international cooperation after inter-Korean cooperation," and "first denuclearization after peace." At the same time, it is expected that the it will be more active on North Korean human rights issues than Moon Jae In government. The Yoon Seok-yeol administration's policy toward the U.S. is aimed at a "comprehensive strategic alliance" that expands the international role of the Korea-U.S. alliance by normalizing the Korea-U.S. alliance and restoring cooperation. This is expected to strength the Korea-U.S. economic alliance and technology alliance in the international supply chain. In order to smoothly operate the Korea-U.S. alliance, efforts to cooperate with South Korea, the U.S., and Japan are expected to be strengthened by restoring relations with Japan. If North Korea makes a high-intensity provocation, it will resume its strategy to deter the North Korea and will resume the actual joint exercise between South Korea and the U.S.. Since the Yoon Seok-yeol administration's foreign relations are likely to flow around the U.S., opposition and checks from China and Russia will be inevitable. In this regard, since a new Cold War atmosphere is likely to form in Northeast Asia, South Korea needs a high level of ability to coordinate diplomatic and security issues between the U.S., China, and the U.S. and Russia to prevent them from getting worse. In this regard, the additional THAAD deployment under the Yoon Seok-yeol administration will be the right time to proceed if North Korea resumes its nuclear test, and participation in the Quad should be strategically approached according to the timing and conditions.
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Choi, Jeongjin. "North Korean Human Rights Improvement Policy Tasks and Limitations." Democracy and Peace Institute, Chosun University 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 97–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.55082/jdp.2023.6.2.97.
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The research purpose of this thesis is to take interest in the recent government's policy on human rights in North Korea and examine the challenges and limitations of policies to improve human rights in North Korea in order to normalize inter-Korean relations and establish peace on the Korean Peninsula. As a research method, the activities of government ministries and literature were analyzed. The content confirmed the government's will to improve human rights for North Korean residents. The North Korean human rights issue requires a change in Kim Jong-un and the North Korean authorities, and the government and international It can be seen that there is room for improvement through cooperation between organizations, private organizations, and citizens. The task of human rights issues is that North and South Korea need more than anything to be interested in, understand, and respect human rights, and a sustainable institutional mechanism must be established to improve human rights. Limitations in improving human rights in North Korea include the lack of access to information on North Korean residents, the conflict between conservatives and progressives in South Korean society regarding human rights in North Korea, the difficulty of resolving the problem if the North Korean authorities do not change, and the human rights issue in North Korea as a negative influence on inter-Korean relations. The point is that it is having an impact.
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Prasad, Uma Shankar, and Krishna Raj Panta. "A South Korean Experience in COVID - 19 Management: Impact and Policy Responses." Economic Journal of Nepal 44, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ejon.v44i3-4.55070.
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COVID -19 pandemic has created the greatest economic crisis since the second world war. The main objective of this article is to analyse the impact of COVID-19 in the economy of South Korea. The article also looks at the various economic packages introduced by the government of South Korea to protect the people particularlylow-income families, informal-sector employees, part-timers, women, and the disabled. The article concludes that the country's response tools and strategies in containing COVID-19 have been exemplary in the global community. The economic packages have been successful in creating jobs, boosting consumption and promoting investment. The modality of proper and effective cooperation and coordination among the levels of government and between the public and private sector played the vital role.
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Jeong, Bokgyo. "The developmental state and social enterprise in South Korea." Social Enterprise Journal 11, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 116–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sej-01-2014-0005.
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Purpose – This paper aims to examine the distinctiveness of South Korean social enterprises from a historical institutionalism perspective. From this perspective, the author focuses on the proactive roles played by the government in the process of emergence and formulation of social enterprises in South Korea. The author roots this paper in the concept of the developmental state and examines how this concept applies to newly emerging social enterprises in South Korea. Design/methodology/approach – This paper first introduces the process of South Korean social enterprises’ emergence as an independent phenomenon. The author explains the process with a link to governmental actions, such as the introduction of public programs and government acts. Second, this paper introduces the concept of developmental state which captures the proactive role of the state in social, economic and political development in South Korea. Third, this paper applies the institutional framework proposed by Kerlin (2013) to see how the South Korean social enterprise model can be located from a comparative perspective and how the South Korean model can contribute to the expansion of the existing framework. Findings – This paper finds that the state involvement in South Korea is a reflection of the historical path of the developmental state. The cross-comparison of South Korean social enterprises from a historical institutionalist approach finds that the South Korean case may contribute to the ongoing scholarly debate by suggesting taking a Weberian ideal type of an interventionist state into account for an extension of the proposed framework. This paper also uncovered the strategic approach of the South Korean Government in utilizing this public policy tool by adopting and combining existing social enterprise models. Research limitations/implications – This paper demonstrates the state’s intents to mobilize economic and societal resources as public policy intervention tools, which can be understood from a developmental state context. This role would be distinct when compared to those in Europe and the USA. This paper has a limitation to restrict its analytical scope to formally recognized social enterprises because it focuses on the role of the state in utilizing social enterprises for public policy agenda: social development and social welfare provision. Practical implications – As a practical implication, this study might provide an insightful framework for South Korean public policy makers, outlining the contributions and limitations of state-led public policies associated with social enterprises. As seen in the historical path of governmental interventions, governmental public policies do not necessarily guarantee their sustainable community impacts without the consideration of private or nonprofit actors’ spontaneous involvements. The flip side of state-led interventions requires policy makers to become more cautious, as they address social problems with public policy intents. Originality/value – The majority of current studies on social enterprises in South Korea mainly focus on reporting the quantitative increase in the number of registered social enterprises. Beyond this quantitative description of its achievement, this paper also provides a historical narration and philosophical background of this phenomenon. Additionally, it shows how this artificial government intervention in social enterprises could be accepted from a historical perspective and brought remarkable responses from the private and civil society sectors in South Korea.
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Wibowo, Rudi, and Ratnawati Ratnawati. "Mercantilism Regime toward Dumping Policy on Paper Industry between Indonesia and South Korea." RSF Conference Series: Business, Management and Social Sciences 1, no. 4 (October 20, 2021): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/bmss.v1i4.366.
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This thesis discusses Indonesia's efforts in dealing with allegations of dumping Indonesian paper products from the South Korean government. The lengthy process of negotiations and negotiations between the two countries is an obstacle in the process of settling trade disputes that occur. In this matter, Indonesia and South Korea conduct negotiations to resolve the problem of imposition of Anti-Dumping Import Duty (BMAD) for Indonesian paper products under the supervision of the authorized body of the WTO, namely the Disputes Settlement Body (DSB). The negotiations proposed by Indonesia as the claimant country to South Korea are a form of trade dispute settlement through a diplomatic mechanism. Through diplomatic steps, trade problems that occur between the two countries can be resolved concretely and peacefully. However, after the trial was running and the DSB had issued its results by winning Indonesia, both the Korea Trade Commission (KTC) and the South Korean government were reluctant to apply the results of the DSB panel session decisions. Therefore, Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. Indonesia is trying to uphold the results of the DSB WTO panel decision through diplomacy. First, diplomacy is carried out by involving state actors directly, namely the Indonesian government. Both diplomatic efforts were carried out by Indonesian business actors in a cooperative manner at the time the KTC investigation was conducted. This thesis aims to describe the efforts and steps to resolve the allegation of dumping on Indonesian paper products by the South Korean government through KTC. Explain the chronology of the problem of accusations of dumping Indonesian paper products and the determination of dumping losses by the WTO. Then analyze how the efforts to resolve the problems made by the government and Indonesian businessmen in trying to implement the results of the WTO DSB panel session decisions through diplomacy.
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Heo, Inhye. "The Revival of ‘Big Government’ Discourse in South Korea, 2017." Journal of Asian and African Studies 54, no. 6 (May 16, 2019): 913–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021909619848075.
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After the democratisation of South Korea in 1987, political discourse on ‘big government’ nearly disappeared, largely because it recalled past authoritarianism. Authoritarian states are highly likely to employ ‘big government’ – exerting policy influence over the distribution of private resources – to sustain their political power, and Korea’s authoritarian state was no exception. Thus, newly inaugurated President Moon Jae-in’s official implication that he would pursue big government is notable, because he claimed to represent pro-democracy groups that opposed both historical authoritarianism and the former president’s undemocratic governance. In this context, this study examines external and internal political-economic factors behind the revival of big government discourse in Korea. Results show that critical factors included the lack of pressure in the global capitalist market and the dominance of governmentalists over marketists in the political-economic discourse influencing the administration’s maintenance and expansion of its political foundation.
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Choi, Jinhee, and Junghwan Kim. "Dancing between Nordic and neoliberal: Lifelong learning in South Korea." Journal of Adult and Continuing Education 24, no. 1 (January 9, 2018): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477971417751738.
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This article aims to examine the government-centered lifelong learning model of South Korea using two representative lenses of lifelong learning: Nordic and neoliberal models. By investigating the socio-economic and political backgrounds of lifelong learning in South Korea, we address how South Korea has developed an original lifelong learning model that differs from both the Nordic and the neoliberal models. Our examination implies that South Korea’s lifelong learning model in its provisions, networks, and inclusion policy requires discernment for promoting better social equity and democratic participation, especially for underrepresented citizens.
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Jae Moon, M., Kohei Suzuki, Tae In Park, and Kentaro Sakuwa. "A comparative study of COVID-19 responses in South Korea and Japan: political nexus triad and policy responses." International Review of Administrative Sciences 87, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): 651–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852321997552.
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Korea and Japan, neighboring democratic countries in Northeast Asia, announced their first COVID-19 cases in January 2020 and witnessed similar patterns of disease spread but adopted different policy approaches to address the pandemic (agile and proactive approach versus cautious and restraint-based approach). Applying the political nexus triad model, this study analyzes and compares institutional contexts and governance structures of Korea and Japan, then examines the differences in policy responses of the two Asian countries. This study first reviews the state of COVID-19 and examines changes in the conventional president-led political nexus triad in Korea and the bureaucracy-led political nexus triad in Japan. Then, this study examines how the differences in institutional contexts and governance structures shaped policy responses and policy outcomes of the two countries in managing the COVID-19 crisis. Points for practitioners • Institutional and governance structure in a society are likely to affect policymaking processes as well as selection of policies among various policy alternatives. • Government officials often need to refer to government capacity as well as citizens’ voluntary participation in resolving wicked policy problems like COVID-19. • Policy decisions made by government officials affect policy outcomes while political environment and political leadership are equally important to policy effectiveness.
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Yu, Seungwon, Suhee Kim, and Junmo Kang. "Face Mask Policies in South Korea in Response to COVID-19." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 32, no. 8 (August 26, 2020): 497–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539520951397.
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All over the world, the critical shortage of face masks has been evident during the COVID-19 outbreak. No specific policy to solve the shortage has been shared among public health scholars and practitioners. Recently, the Korean government implemented noteworthy policies to stabilize the face mask market. This article examines the three government initiatives (Emergency Stabilization Policies) using participant observation, and what the effects of the Emergency Stabilization Policies are.
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Hong, Eun Ah. "South Korea’s Nuclear Power Phase-Out and the Role of Media." Revista Internacional de Comunicación y Desarrollo (RICD) 3, no. 14 (July 22, 2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15304/ricd.3.14.7289.
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South Korea is a resource-poor country, which heavily relies on importing energy from outside. Therefore, the South Korean government tried to develop the technologies of producing nuclear power energy, which was succeeded in the 90s. Furthermore, based on the advanced technology of nuclear power, in 2009, the government celebrated winning a contract to build nuclear power plants in the United Arab Emirates. Since then, in South Korea, nuclear power energy was considered a leading economy for the country’s future. However, there were countless social-environmental conflicts related to using nuclear power energy. Furthermore, with the ‘unexpected’ Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011, the nuclear power phase-out debate has initiated in South Korea. As a consequence, nuclear power phase-out was included in the energy transition policy when the newly elected government took presidential office in May 2017. In fact, nuclear phase-out was a presidential pledge during the presidential election. However, this policy of nuclear power phase-out became one of the most intense social-political conflicts of the society, and the mass media played a key role to intensify the conflict.
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PARK, EUN-A. "Reciprocity of Government Restructuring/Policy Changes and the Convergent Environment in South Korea." Australian Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 4, no. 4 (January 11, 2017): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/ajtde.v4n4.74.
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This paper takes the approach that policy responses to environmental challenges are at least partially dependent on the structure of governmental decision-making bodies. How ministries and regulatory bodies are designed and put together affect both their policy outlooks and managerial capabilities, in turn affecting their policy output. Governments have also consciously restructured ministries and regulators in order to promote specific policy orientations, or in response to changes in the industry. This two-way interaction is critically important to the responses of governments to the emerging broadband ecosystem. The paper examines four different restructurings in the Korean government, and argues that the identification of a governmental agency as a nodal agency was the result of a new policy orientation, and the response to an environmental change. Though no two countries are totally similar in terms of their industrial and political environments or policy needs, the paper is based on the premise that the example of South Korea has useful lessons for other countries, as a leading indicator of changes in government regulatory structures in response to convergence and the emergence of the broadband ecosystem.
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PARK, EUN-A. "Reciprocity of Government Restructuring/Policy Changes and the Convergent Environment in South Korea." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 4, no. 4 (January 11, 2017): 106–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v4n4.74.
Full textAbstract:
This paper takes the approach that policy responses to environmental challenges are at least partially dependent on the structure of governmental decision-making bodies. How ministries and regulatory bodies are designed and put together affect both their policy outlooks and managerial capabilities, in turn affecting their policy output. Governments have also consciously restructured ministries and regulators in order to promote specific policy orientations, or in response to changes in the industry. This two-way interaction is critically important to the responses of governments to the emerging broadband ecosystem. The paper examines four different restructurings in the Korean government, and argues that the identification of a governmental agency as a nodal agency was the result of a new policy orientation, and the response to an environmental change. Though no two countries are totally similar in terms of their industrial and political environments or policy needs, the paper is based on the premise that the example of South Korea has useful lessons for other countries, as a leading indicator of changes in government regulatory structures in response to convergence and the emergence of the broadband ecosystem.