Journal articles on the topic 'Shipbuilding, russia (federation)'
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1
Alekhin, M. Yu, and A. V. Titov. "To the Issue of the Methodology of Formation of Shipbuilding Programs in Russia." Economics and Management 26, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-3-273-283.
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The presented study addresses the need to change approaches to the formation of long-term shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation and determines the place of such programs in the system of strategic management of the national economy.Aim. The study identifies efficient approaches to the formation of long-term shipbuilding programs in Russia with allowance for international experience and current political and economic conditions.Tasks. The authors analyze the existing methodological framework for the formation of shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation; examine the shipbuilding development experience of South Korea, China, the US, and Ukraine; address the issue of improving the investment climate in the shipbuilding industry by changing the institutional conditions in closely related industries.Methods. This study’s scientific methodology is based on using general scientific methods of cognition, a systems approach to the problem, and comprehensive consideration of the issues of formation of industry programs with allowance for the specific features of shipbuilding.Results. Over the past decades, shipbuilding programs in the Russian Federation have been formed according to a methodological framework of questionable depth and insufficient sophistication. Successful development of shipbuilding in the world’s leading countries is largely due to the achievement of the required level of competence and technological advancement accumulated through the development of the domestic market, which is impossible without active state participation. Based on the analysis of positive and negative shipbuilding development experience of different countries and current trends in the Russian shipbuilding industry, it is possible to conclude that the success of shipbuilding development largely depends on the rules (institutional conditions) established by the state.Conclusions. The efficiency of investment processes in the industry can be improved by integrating the shipbuilding development program into a global program for the development of the marine economic complexes of the Russian Federation.
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Yushchenko, Viacheslav V., Vladimir E. Khrapov, and Tatyana V. Turchaninova. "Use of modern mechanisms of increasing efficiency of transport system elements of the coastal regions in the North Russia." Transportation Systems and Technology 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst2020635-22.
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The Russian Federation by its geographical position is a maritime power that had been occupying a leading position until a certain period of time. All the processes taking place in Russia during the transition period to a market economy negatively affected the country's maritime activities. In recent years, Russia has been making serious efforts to regain the leading position of a maritime power. In all the areas of maritime activities the Russian Federation provides support to domestic sectors of the economy using modern economic mechanisms for innovative development in order to increase the competitiveness of domestic business structures. One of the directions in the formation of a new structure of the Russian economy is the creation of state corporations, the merger of enterprises, the introduction of the cluster approach to the spatial integration of business entities located in separate territories.
In their article the authors suggested using modern mechanisms of increasing the efficiency of the elements of the transport system of the coastal regions in the North of Russia for enterprises with single and small-scale production, which include shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises, using clustering as an effective mechanism to increase competitiveness, both in the domestic and foreign markets.
The paper analyzes the use of modern economic mechanisms, such as joint ventures and the cluster approach in the shipbuilding industry of Russia, estimates the current state of ship repair enterprises in the coastal region of the North of Russia and proposes a conceptual approach to create a cluster of ship repair enterprises in the Murmansk region in order to satisfy the need for ship repair services, the volume of which has increased recently in all coastal regions of the North of Russia.
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Bigvava, D. G., and A. Y. Smirnov. "CONSTRUCTION OF A LARGE-TONNAGE FLEET IN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS, INNOVATIONS." Intellect. Innovations. Investments, no. 6 (2023): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2023-6-32.
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The construction of a large-tonnage fleet is an important factor in the development of maritime trade and the economy as a whole. In recent years, Russian shipbuilders have faced a number of problems that negatively affect the pace of socio-economic development of the industry, do not allow to fully use its potential in the production of civilian products. The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems in the process of building a large–tonnage fleet in the Russian Federation, to indicate the prospects for the development of the industry. The main content of the conducted research is the analysis of statistical data on the number of ships produced, up-to-date information reflecting the current state of production capacities of shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises in Russia is presented, its own definition of the concept of «large-tonnage vessel» is specified and proposed for further use. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the effective development of large-tonnage shipbuilding in our country is hindered by such problems as: high design and construction costs, a shortage of qualified personnel, lack of intersectoral cooperation, an acute shortage of ship components of domestic production, which negatively affects the pace of development of the industry due to the ban on the supply of products from unfriendly countries, a high degree of depreciation of fixed assets of shipbuilding industry enterprises. The lack of a systematic approach to solving these problems, the insufficient effectiveness of the existing mechanisms of interdepartmental and intersectoral interaction, negatively affect the results of the activities of shipbuilding enterprises and the development of their production potential, both in the current period of time and in the long term. In order to increase the volume of construction of large-tonnage vessels at the shipyards of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to allocate financial resources from the federal budget (or at the expense of the National Welfare Fund of Russia) for the modernization and production capacities of enterprises with the necessary competencies for the construction of large-sized vessels, implement a set of measures aimed at full utilization of production capacities through cooperation, provide preferential financing to manufacturers of ship equipment.
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Salygin, Valery I., and Elena A. Kvasnikova. "NEW PROMISING AREAS OF TRADE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION OF RUSSIA IN THE FIELD OF CIVIL SHIPBUILDING." SCIENTIFIC REVIEW. SERIES 1. ECONOMICS AND LAW, no. 2-3 (2022): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2022-2-3-04.
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In the context of sanctions restrictions, the civil shipbuilding industry is facing new challenges related, first of all, to the suspension and denial of supplies of the necessary ship components and materials under existing contracts from foreign partners. As the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin at a meeting on the development of the shipbuilding industry, held on August 18, 2022, the replacement of foreign equipment and components in the production of fishing and other civilian vessels may affect the parameters of already launched projects. Corresponding changes are associated with the timing and costs of redesign. Given the long cycle of ship production, it is necessary to set long-term guidelines for the development of shipbuilding, to determine the strategic tasks that the industry will face in the civilian segment.In connection with the significant geopolitical changes taking place today, significant prerequisites are being created for expanding trade and economic cooperation in the field of civil shipbuilding with the BRICS and BRICS + countries.
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Kryukova, Ekaterina Viktorovna, and Anastasia Sergeevna Kovalenkova. "Assessing efficiency of conducting industrial special economic zone Lotos." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2020, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2020-2-60-69.
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The article highlights the importance of creating and operating the special economic zones in Russia in order to increase the investment attractiveness and competitiveness of the entities and strategically important industries in the Russian Federation. Traditionally, shipbuilding has been a priority economic activity in the Astrakhan region, which has led to creating an industrial special economic zone Lotоs, whose purpose is defined as formation of a local chain of shipbuilding and machine-building products in the south of Russia. The effectiveness of special economic zones is an integrated characteristic of the management company's ability to achieve the goals
of creating and operating a special economic zone. As a result of the analysis of investment attrac-tiveness of the industrial special economic zone Lotоs, the problem areas of the management company's activities were identified: creating infrastructure facilities and attracting residents and investors. The substantial characteristic of investment projects of the residents (type of economic activity and its compliance with the objectives of the industrial special economic zone Lotоs, expected period and volume of investment, employment status, level of multiplicative effect on the regional economy) allowed formulating a conclusion about the necessity of differentiation of the state support for the investment projects of residents. There have been given the substantial characteristics of the projects of the residents: Shipbuilding Plant Lotos, JSC; Hexa-Lotos, LLC; Svoi, LLC; MedInTech, LLC; Atef-Russ, LLC; Marine Composite Shipbuilding, LLC; InProect, LLC; Protelux Lotоs, LLC; Stroyliderplus Lotоs, LLC; Helios Systems, LLC; Azka Composite, LLC; Naval Design International, LLC; Roza, LLC, etc. There have been offered the recommendations for the management company on developing a strategy for attracting residents and investors and establishing special preferential treatment for investment projects that are of strategic importance for the development of the regional economy and international cooperation are proposed.
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Prudovsky, Alexei A., Alexander Ya Msoev, Mihail V. Afanasyev, and Boris A. Tsypkin. "THE MAIN PROBLEMS OF THE MARITIME LOGISTICS BUSINESS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND AN OVERVIEW OF AVAILABLE SOLUTIONS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 12/3, no. 141 (2023): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.12.03.023.
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The authors study the problems of the maritime logistics business in Russia in the context of sanctions restrictions on the import of many types of products, on the entry of ships under the Russian flag into international ports, etc. Based on the results of the study, the main barriers hindering the development of Russia’s maritime logistics business were identified, namely: reorientation from Western markets to the markets of the Asia-Pacific region; low availability of ships and sea containers; infrastructural constraints, staffing constraints. In addition, the authors propose directions for the development of the logistics business, which would partially or completely neutralize the impact of sanctions and economic restrictions. The authors analyzed Russia’s plans for the development of shipbuilding and maritime logistics infrastructure. It was noted that these plans are quite ambitious, and in the long term will strengthen Russia’s place in international trade. Summing up, the authors conclude that at the moment the Russian maritime transportation industry is in a rather vulnerable position for a number of reasons, which can be aggregated into one: the Russian maritime logistics business was not fully prepared for the sanctions pressure from Western countries. Nevertheless, there is no critical situation, and there has been no bankruptcy of large operators, which indicates a high margin of safety for Russian companies. However, a more sustainable situation requires significant investment in infrastructure, shipbuilding and container production, as well as diversification of markets and import destinations. Scientific publications of Russian and foreign authors, articles in industry journals, as well as customs data were used as a source of information.
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Grebenshchikova, G. A. "DIVING IN RUSSIA: BEGINNINGS AND HISTORY." BULLETIN of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences 21 (April 2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52531/1682-1696-2021-21-1-115-122.
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In 2021 scientific and naval public celebrates an important data – 100th anniversary of Special Diving Works Expedition’ formation in Russian Federation. Special Diving Works Expedition’ formation has been lasted during 1921–1923 when Soviet of People Commissars had declared the special decrees about diving works’ organization. In December, 1923 Special Diving Works Expedition’ foundation had been occurred de jure. Many works at ships’ lifting, most of which were outstanding in the sphere of shipbuilding as well as Russian science and technique, were associated with that organization. Some works belongs to heroic and extraordinary. However, the history of Diving Works had started long before Special Diving Works Expedition was foundation, and the main periods of Diving Works’ development in Russia from Peter the Great to Nicolas the First are being reviewed and analyzed in proposed article. Besides, on based the archival sources with first publication and special literature are setting out the events connecting with engineering structures, underwater medicine, different low acts and other documents. In the article are given the most resonant and significant events on ships’ lifting.
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Kozhina, E. V. "EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CLUSTER APPROACH IN THE SHIP-BUILDING INDUSTRY OF RUSSIA." ECONOMIC VECTOR 3, no. 30 (September 2022): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/2411-7269-2022-3-30-41-51.
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The article assesses the feasibility of using a cluster approach to improve the efficiency of the functioning of enterprises of the ship-building industry of the Russian Federation. It contains the results of a study of the activities of shipbuilding enterprises that are members of clusters operating in our coun-try in the field of shipbuilding. The paper pre-sents a systematization of the participants and the main characteristics, as well as the expected results of the functioning of these clusters at the planning stage. The existing world and domestic experience in creating such structures has proved their effective-ness in various industries. At the same time, an analysis of the dynamics of performance indicators of participating enterprises over the period of the clusters' existence, con-ducted on the basis of accounting state-ments and annual reports, revealed a dis-crepancy between the expected and real results. The paper identifies the reasons for the absence of the planned effect of the as-sociation of domestic shipbuilders within the framework of cluster structures, as well as the conditions for its achievement in the fu-ture.
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Arabova, Zarema Mikhailovna, Mikhail Shugeevich Arabov, Aida Abaevna Volkova, and Peyvand Ahmad Saadati. "Analysis of conversion of water transport engines to liquefied natural gas." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2021, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2021-3-60-73.
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The article considers the problems of preservation and the most economical use of existing energy sources with minimal emissions into the environment, which are urgent in modern conditions. Tightening measures to exclude or minimize the negative impact on the nature is an objective vital necessity for the survival of humanity on the planet. The search for the most environmentally friendly fuel is an important task for researchers in various fields of modern science. The measures of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on tightening the environmental requirements at sea and the advantages of the conversion of transportation means, including ships, from black oil to liquefied natural gas are outlined. It has been stated that since 01.01.2020 IMO has put forward the requirements for the sulfur concentration in the initial fuel up to 0.5%. The sulfur content in marine fuels is illustrated, according to the current standards. Possible advantages for the Russian Federation are considered in the event that appropriate legislative acts are adopted in the field of shipbuilding and the operation of ships. The advantages of liquefied natural gas compared to other fuels are listed. The forecast values of the demand for liquefied natural gas for bunkering ships for 2020–2040 are illustrated. Research has been carried out and a formula has been derived to determine the conditions for the transition of ships to liquefied natural gas. Existing and possible in the near future projects for the generation of liquefied natural gas in the Arctic zone of Russia are considered. It is concluded that the Russian Federation has vast deposits of natural gas and scientific and technical potential for the development and revival of shipbuilding both within the country and abroad.
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Druzhinin, А. G. "Localization of maritime economic activity in modern Russia: features, structures, effects." Regional'nye issledovaniya, no. 4 (2019): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2019-4-3.
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The article highlights the sea factor and maritime economic activity to influence regional socio-economic development, as the issue is extremely topical for modern Russian socio-economic geography. It is shown that such influence has increased significantly since the middle of the XX century. The special attention is focused on identifying the features and spatial localization factors of maritime economy’s components in the Russian Federation. Such characteristics of the geography of the marine economy inherent in Russia as spatial asymmetry, gravitation to the border territories and water areas of the country, cross-border nature are highlighted. The study identifi the maritime economic specializations of the seaside regions and their carried out the corresponding typology (given the degree of infl of the«marine factor»). The article emphasizes the combination of spatial dispersal of marine activity (in such spheres as port economy, shipbuilding, hydrocarbon production) inherent in modern Russia (and initiated by Eurasian geopolitical and economic changes) with the remaining stable regional asymmetry in the localization and development of fi as well as in the tourism and recreational sphere. The article shows that the positive socio-economic effects of marine industries’ development are most pronounced in the regions and cities that perform the ‘frame’ functions in the system of geo-economic positioning of Russia, as well as in ensuring the ‘presence’ of the country in the World Ocean. These ‘frame’ regions are: St. Petersburg and Leningrad region, Krasnodar region, Primorsky region, Sakhalin region, etc.
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Begma, Vitaliу, Volodymyr Shemаyev, Denis Radov, and Polina Tolok. "PRIORITY DIRECTIONS OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND THE USA IN THE HIGH-TECH SPHERE." Strategic Panorama, no. 1-2 (December 7, 2021): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53679/2616-9460.1-2.2021.08.
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Ukraine’s international economic cooperation with other countries is becoming a determining factor in providing national security, in particular, in the political, military and economic spheres. This is manifested in such areas as the equipping of the Armed Forces and other components, the implementation of national weapons production projects and the export of Ukrainian weapons.
The Russian Federation's aggression against Ukraine in 2014 led not only to the cessation of Ukrainian-Russian high-technical cooperation, but also transformed Russia from a competitor in the market of weapons of mass destruction into an overt enemy of the Ukrainian state, which compelled Ukraine to start looking for a new model of behavior in the market.
Given that both Ukraine and the Russian Federation operate largely in the same segment the weapons market, Ukraine would be able to move from this segment dominated by our main competitor only with the support of our strategic partners and international sanctions policy against the RF because of its aggression against Ukraine.
The possibility of using high-technical cooperation between Ukraine and the USA as an instrument of displacement of the Russian Federation from the world market of weapons-equipped vehicles is substantiated. It is proved that US interest in the implementation of sanctions imposed by the Russian Federation and the prevention of Russian weapons in the zone of conflict through third countries can be a powerful impetus for the development of Ukrainian-American cooperation in the high-tech sphere.
Cooperation in traditional industries such as transport aircraft building, marine shipbuilding and turbine construction, rocket engineering, which are predominantly state-owned and not traded on stock markets, requires additional attention from the state to attract US investment and assistance. Variants of development of these basic branches industries have been addressed in numerous research papers.
At the same time, other areas of cooperation deserve a greater attention. Priority, in our opinion, should be given to strategic materials for manufacturing and energy sector; electronics and communications industry.
The article discusses ways to enhance military technology cooperation in a manner that would better reflect both parties’ strategic interests and argues that a deeper understanding of these interests will help attract investment into the domestic industrial sector.
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Stepanov, N. S. "THE ARKHANGELSK REGION AS AN ESSENTIAL PART OF THE RUSSIAN NORTH AND THE WESTERN GATE OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUT." Federalism, no. 2 (July 22, 2019): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2073-1051-2019-2-37-51.
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The Arkhangelsk region is one of 11 regions of the Russian Federation within the North-West Federal District (NWFD), which unites two economic regions — the North and North-West. Today it represents the largest region of the whole European part of Russia. The article discusses the changing role of the Archangelsk lands in the historical context and their ability to develop in the modern, sometimes not always simple conditions of globalization of the world economy, where international cooperation comes to the fore, based mainly in this particular case on the export of natural resources, which are rich territory. At this time, the economic activity of the Arkhangelsk region is characterized by the predominant raw material component. Based on this, the most important strategic goal is the reorientation of the regional economy to the production of products of deeper processing and to a certain extent with high added value. This refers to the processing industry. The author pays great attention to the problems of small business in local conditions and focuses on such leading segments of the entire industrial complex as the forest industry and shipbuilding. Due to its geographical position, which is favorable from many points of view, the port city of Arkhangelsk itself is considered as a base for the development of the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation and the further effective use of the Northern Sea Route (NSR). Sincere concern to the creator of the article is caused by the environmental problems of the Arkhangelsk region and measures taken to protect the environment.
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Moshkov, A. V. "Territorial and sectoral structureof the Yuzhno-Primorsky industrial district." Regional nye issledovaniya 76, no. 2 (2022): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2022-2-7.
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In Pacific Russia, the South Primorsky Industrial District is being formed with specialization in marine economic activities like shipbuilding and ship repair, fishing industry, marine transport. The leading factors in the district’s production forming process are in qualified labor resources, developed social and industrial infrastructure, stable demand for products and services of marine economic activities, favorable coastal economic and geographical location. Aspatial set of interrelated elements (settlements) with a specific territorial and sectoral structure is formed there. The territorial and sectoral structure of this industrial district presents an interconnected spatial combination of enterprises (organizations) located in settlements of different ranks from economic centers (nodes) to socio–economic regions consisting of one or more administrative and economic districts (federal units of the Russian Federation, municipalities). The closest relations between the enterprises of economic centers united by a common economic specialization, as well as the use of common objects of transport, industrial and social infrastructure are noted. Large enterprises in the industrial district not only use the available favorable factors for the development of production, but can also create conditions for the emergence of needed factors (attract labor, investors, initiate local authorities on infrastructure development, etc.). As a result of such interaction in the south of Pacific Russia there have been developed the relevant conditions for the formation of the South-Primorsky Industrial District, a relatively small area of concentration of specialized enterprises (or groups of enterprises, economic centers) consisting mainly of marine economic activities and united by a common industrial and social infrastructure, which provides them with additional economic effect.
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Александр Георгиевич, Дружинин, and Гонтарь Николай Владимирович. "THE PRINCIPLES OF OFFSHORE SPATIAL PLANNING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CENTER-PERIPHERAL STRUCTURES: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES OF USAGE." STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR NOTES 1, no. 4 (December 2022): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2079-1690-2022-1-4-151-159.
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The long-term sustainability of the development of socio-economic systems is due to the success in achieving the effectiveness of the use of available resources of economic and spatial development. For Russia, such resources are its coastal regions, in many of which both economic activity and risks of conflict and loss of management efficiency are great due to competition for the use of resources of the coastal zones of economic actors and the state as a headliner of a number of coastal activities (shipbuilding, military-industrial complex, border protection, environmental safety) and the regulator of economic processes. In this regard, the purpose of the article was to analyze the applicability of the principles of marine spatial planning in the formation of a management system in the coastal zones of Russia. A significant aspect of the analysis was the clarification of the MSP functionality for the central and peripheral regions of the Russian Federation due to their significant qualitative spatial and sectoral differences. The materials of both the theoretical study of MSP principles and the institutional analysis of management models in coastal waters and coastal zones have established that the use of MSP principles as model principles in the modernization of existing management approaches in coastal zones is potentially effective in Russia. Integrated management that combines MSP and seaside zone management is relevant. A combination of indicative zoning of MSP ranges and coastal zones is proposed in the absence of a rigid fixed prescribed list of activities in certain zones in combination with the formation of a narrow list of restrictive conditions of activity (according to the basin principle) as the basis for the development and implementation of management measures.
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Saraeva, Ekaterina Georgievna. "Organizational management model of functioning transport and logistics cluster in Astrakhan region." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2020, no. 3 (August 19, 2020): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2020-3-91-100.
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The article considers the urgent problem of strengthening the infrastructure and innovative development of the Russian Federation and the regions in today’s environment. Modernization of transport potential in future will have a positive impact on the regional development. Cluster policy in different fields, including transportation, is a trend in the formation and development of regions. The actuality of creating a transport and logistics cluster in the Astrakhan region has been proved taking into account the favorable geographical location of the region, high transit potential, historical location of shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises, and stevedoring companies. There have been presented the main theses on transforming the cluster initiative into a transport and logistics cluster in the region. Analysis of competitive advantages and assessment of the cluster potential of the region have proved the positive results. The next step is to set up the goal and main tasks. The cluster should help form an effective system of interaction and cooperation between the transport sector, industry, and the scientific and educational sector to increase the investment attractiveness of the region as a whole. There have been presented the main potential participants of the cluster. The international experience of cluster functioning, as well as cluster initiatives in the field of transportation in the regions of Russia is considered. The organizational and managerial structure of the transport and logistics cluster is based on the studied structures of successfully functioning clusters, taking into account the specific features of the region. There has been illustrated the available interaction with the functioning clusters of the Astrakhan region: shipbuilding, tourism and aquaculture, fisheries. Interaction is supposed to be carried out within the framework of implementing large cluster projects, providing supplies for the projects. It has been inferred that creating a transport and logistics cluster in the Astrakhan region will not only improve the interaction of participants within the cluster, but also ensure interaction with other clusters and enterprises.
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Shandala, N., Igor' Korenkov, A. Lyaginskaya, S. Kiselev, Yu Kvacheva, E. Metlyaev, O. Parinov, et al. "Radiation Safety of Population: Experience and Ways of Improvement." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 66, no. 4 (September 13, 2021): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2021-66-4-25-32.
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The article describes the results of the activities of the department of radiation safety of the population of the A.I. Burnasyan FMBC of FMBA over the period from the foundation of the Center to the present.
Results: The priority in the activity of the Institute of Biophysics, created in 1946, was the development of issues of radiation safety of the personnel and the public during the implementation of a nuclear project. The basic scientific direction «radiation safety of the population» was formed as an independent unit by 1955. Today, the department of radiation safety of the population of FMBC is a scientific, practical and methodological unit which deals with radiation and chemical safety including an assessment of health of the population living in the vicinity of Russian nuclear facilities. The main priorities of activity include: radiation-health physics monitoring and health physics regulation; monitoring the health of the population; expert activity in medical nuclear forensics. Scientific research in the field of protection and safety and improving the state health and epidemiological supervision covers the population living in the areas of enterprises under FMBA’s of Russia service, including nuclear shipbuilding facilities, nuclear and uranium legacy of Russia and Central Asia, nuclear power plants, cosmodromes, etc.
Conclusion: In general, summarizing the 75-year activity in the field of the public radiation protection and safety, the following can be stated. Over the past years, a set of health physics works has been carried out at nuclear facilities, a methodology for radiation and health physics monitoring has been developed in conjunction with monitoring the public health, methods for determining man-made and natural radionuclides in food and environmental media have been developed and introduced into practice. The implementation of our new scientific developments and future prospects will be aimed at reducing the burden of medical problems associated with the operation of various radiation hazardous facilities and legacy management; raising the level and quality of life of the relevant contingents of the Russian population; as well as the creation of the necessary conditions for the successful development of nuclear energy in the Russian Federation.
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Кабунина, И. В. "An overview of the oilseed flax seed market in Russia." Technical crops. Scientifical agricultural journal, no. 3(5) (September 30, 2022): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54016/svitok.2022.94.88.002.
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В последние годы в мире наблюдается устойчивая тенденция увеличения потребления семян льна масличного на пищевые цели, для использования в животноводстве и различных отраслях народного хозяйства – фармацевтике, химической, автомобильной, авиационной, судостроительной промышленности. В статье приведены динамики отечественных посевных площадей, урожайности, валового сбора, данные по объемам экспорта льносемян. По прогнозу Минсельхоза РФ к 2025 году посевная площадь льна масличного достигнет 1770 тыс. га. Валовой сбор семян масличного льна за 10 лет вырос в 3 раза и в 2021 году достиг 1294,5 тыс. т. В 2021 году Россия закрепила за собой первое место по валовому сбору маслосемян льна, произведя 26% мирового объема семян этой ценной культуры. При урожайности льносемян 1 т/га рентабельность приближается к 100%, при урожайности 1,2–1,5 т/га этот показатель достигает 120–135%. На семена льна масличного последние пять лет сохраняются высокие цены как на внутреннем, так и на мировом рынке. Россия, наряду с Канадой и Казахстаном, входит в тройку ведущих мировых экспортеров льносемян. ФАО прогнозирует, что к 2024 году спрос на семена льна на мировом экспортном рынке увеличится до 2,3 млн т. In recent years, there has been a steady trend in the world to increase the consumption of oilseed flax seeds for food purposes, for use in animal husbandry and various sectors of the national economy – pharmaceuticals, chemical, automotive, aviation, shipbuilding industries. The article presents the dynamics of domestic acreage, yield, gross harvest, data on the export volumes of flax seeds. According to the forecast of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation by 2025, the sown area of oilseed flax will reach 1770 thousand hectares. The gross harvest of oilseed flax seeds has grown 3 times in 10 years and in 2021 reached 1294.5 thousand tons. In 2021, Russia secured the first place in the gross harvest of flax oilseeds, producing 26% of the world volume of seeds of this valuable crop. With a yield of flax seeds of 1 t/ha, profitability approaches 100%, with a yield of 1.2‒1.5 t/ha, this indicator reaches 120-135%. For the last five years, high prices have been maintained for oilseed flax seeds both on the domestic and on the world market. Russia, along with Canada and Kazakhstan, is one of the world's top three exporters of flax seeds. FAO predicts that by 2024 the demand for flax seeds in the world export market will increase to 2.3 million tons.
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Milova, Anastasia Ilyinichna, Veronika Alexandrovna Frolova, and Dmitry Sergeevich Khmara. "Insurance in shipbuilding in Russian Federation: development trends." Nedelya nauki Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo morskogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta 1, no. 3-1 (2020): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.52899/9785883036070_86.
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Golosov, A. I. "Process design and shipbuilding development issues in the Russian Federation." Shipbuilding, no. 3 (2021): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54068/00394580_2021_3_34.
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Balashova, Elena Sergeevna, and Andrei Viktorovich Bogomolov. "DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Nedelya nauki Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo morskogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta 2, no. 4 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.52899/9785883036063_46.
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Vasilkova, Svetlana V. "Legal Issues of Strengthening the Potential of Russian Shipbuilding for the Purposes of Economic Development and Development of the Arctic." Zakon 20, no. 1 (January 2023): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2023-20-116-120.
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The article deals with the development and effective development of the Arctic region of the Russian Federation, analyses the current problems of the domestic shipbuilding industry, on the basis of which the author proposes a number of proposals of a legal, organisational and financial nature to develop the potential of this industry.
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Savchenko, O. V., and V. N. Polovinkin. "The current state, problems and prospects of domestic commercial shipbuilding." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 3, no. 401 (July 5, 2022): 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2022-3-401-152-164.
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Object and purpose of research. The object of the study is domestic shipbuilding, its problems and ways to solve them. The article is intended to study the current state of the Russian shipbuilding industry, to investigate the tasks of its further development and to formulate priority measures to stimulate this development. Materials and methods. The solution of the tasks set in the article was carried out on the basis of application of general scientific methods in the framework of comparative, logical and statistical analysis, study of literary sources in regards to the issue in consideration as well as through the study of structures of domestic shipbuilding industries, pricing methods, financial analysis, etc. The material is extensive statistical data on the production programs of shipbuilding yards. Main results. A study of the state of contemporary domestic shipbuilding has been carried out. The analysis of trends in the development of world shipbuilding at the turn of the century allowed us to identify the general directions that form the image of promising Russian shipbuilding technologies. It is concluded that the world level of development of technical and software tools, as well as communication tools, allows us to move to fundamentally new methods of design, construction and support of vessels and ships operation based on a single information space and providing information support for all stages of the ship's life cycle (information support of the life cycle, or CALS-technology). Conclusion. According to the conducted research of the shipbuilding market, the nomenclature and production volumes of Russian enterprises do not fully cover the existing needs of shipbuilding. However, the domestic shipbuilding industry has sufficient scientific, technical, production and technological potential and market capacity. Our manufacturers have every chance to take a leading position in commercial fleet construction segment in the near future, because the need for Russian-made components with technical and operational characteristics that are not inferior to foreign analogues will increase. Today favourable conditions are forming to stimulate the localization of production. At the same time, the key factors are the stability of Russian legislation and compliance with the obligations assumed by the state, which will ensure the attraction of long-term localization and indigenisation projects in general. The development of own production of a wide range in shipbuilding industry will allow the Russian Federation to pursue a selfsustained and independent policy aimed at ensuring the technological security of the country. To solve such a complex task, an integrated, systematic approach is needed, involving close cooperation between the state, business, and research institutes, which as a result will allow us to build an optimal program for the development of the entire industry.
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КАЛУГИНА Я.А., КАЛУГИНА Я. А., and СУЛЮКИНА Л. В. СУЛЮКИНА Л.В. "STATE FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 3(164) (June 20, 2024): 408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2024.164.3.076.
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Предметом данной статьи государственная финансовая поддержка судостроительной промышленности. В статье анализируются государственные программы поддержки отрасли, а также их эффективность на примере АО «ОСК». Авторами изучен зарубежный опыт в этой сфере с целью изучения возможности его применения в Российской Федерации. The subject of this article is state financial support of the shipbuilding industry. The article analyses state support programs for the industry, as well as their efficiency on the example of JSC "USC". The authors also consider foreign experience in this sphere in order to study the possibility of its application in the Russian Federation.
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Sokolova, Elena, and Elena Naumova. "Interaction with technological platforms as part of the innovative development program." E3S Web of Conferences 371 (2023): 04049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202337104049.
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The article covers the concept of technological platforms and the problems of their use. The authors study the results of the implementation of technological platforms in the Russian Federation and in the world market. The main objectives and the role of technological platforms in the innovative development of the Russian Federation are outlined. The authors substantiate that the potential of technology platforms in the Russian Federation is not fully used, while other elements of the Russian innovation infrastructure do not have a similar potential. The development of interaction with technological platforms is considered within the organization's innovative development program using the example of the Photonics technological platform, in which JSC “SSTC” is a participant. The statistical data characterizing the current state of the technological platform are given. Two main problems associated with the technological platforms functioning are identified - this is the lack of funding and insufficient staffing of innovative projects. The article provides the information about the creation of a consortium of leading universities of St. Petersburg that provide training and scientific developments in the shipbuilding industry. The article describes the main activities within the technological platforms "Photonics" for 2021 and some of the results of work for 2020. The main directions of further successful technological platforms development in the Russian Federation are indicated.
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Kostin, Alexey B. "CURRENT STATE OF MERCHANT SHIPPING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ITS PLACE IN INTERNATIONAL MARITIME TRANSPORT OF GOODS." Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law, no. 5-6 (2022): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26653/2076-4650-2022-5-6-10.
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The article is devoted to an overview of the current state of the Russian merchant fleet and the participation of Russian shipowners in international maritime transport of goods. This study provides a brief analysis of trade in maritime transport services from the point of view of the motivation of Russian participants in foreign economic activity in attracting the domestic fleet, developing shipbuilding and providing competitive advantages for domestic shipowners. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the competitiveness of the industry depends on two main factors: the construction cost of ships in the first place, as well as ship designs that determine their market quality.
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Bashlakov-Nikolaev, I. V. "Regulatory objectives (expected results) the development of competition in the industry (on the example of shipbuilding)." Russian competition law and economy, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32686/2542-0259-2019-2-56-61.
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On the example of the shipbuilding industry, the article deals with the problems of regulatory legal consolidation of the objectives (expected results) of competition development in the National plan of competition development in the Russian Federation for 2018-2020 and the Road map of the Government for the development of competition in certain sectors of the economy. Such goals are recognized today: the creation of competitive products and the development of exports of these products. Regulate the development of competition in the industry are not for the state an insurmountable obstacle to the provision of certain Russian manufacturers (particularly shipbuilders) uncompetitive advantages (preferences) for achieving certain socially significant goals. At the same time, the antimonopoly legislation of the country does not regulate the procedures and mechanism for compensation of losses arising as a result of legal restriction of competition in cases not covered by the antimonopoly prohibitions established by it. This carries a potential threat of reducing the quality of the investment climate and business activity (including shipbuilding).
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Kirilova, Mariia Aleksandrovna, and Alexey Igorevich Rozhko. "Prospects of development of unmanned ships in Russian Federation." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2020, no. 3 (August 19, 2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2020-3-16-22.
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The article considers the actuality of crewless shipping. The development of technical means in the marine shipbuilding industry has been pointed out. The statistical data on accidents at sea are given; as a result of the data analysis, there have been identified the main causes
of the accidents: non-compliance with generally accepted methods of controlling a vessel, ignoring the specific hydrometeorological parameters of the navigation and mooring areas, non-compliance with safety and technical operation rules, navigation errors, etc. The human factor has been stated to remain the main and most frequent cause of accidents at sea. The types of accidents at sea are considered in detail (damage to ship devices and mechanisms, ship's hull, loss of life, bulk, explosion, fire, loss of a towed object, winding on a screw, grounding, serious bodily harm, collision, loss of stability, buoyancy, collision with a submerged object). The advantages of using a crewless vessel are substantiated, as well as the prospects associated with the introduction of such vessels: reduction in accident rate due to the exclusion of the human factor, lower negative and harmful effects on the environment, increased reliability of transportation due to changes in the structure
of vessels, increased economic efficiency due to the uselessness of crew support, etc. There has been given an example of creating a project for the e-Navigation test area executed by Kronstadt in 2016. The test water area includes all e-Navigation coverage areas, combines 13 ports, training centers, over 300 sea vessels, several ship traffic control systems into a single electronic space. Within the framework of the project, developers introduce and test new equipment, conduct training for the crews. The conclusions have been made about possibility for the Russian Federation of accelerating the introduction of new technologies in the global market of shipping companies, increasing competitiveness and reducing dependence on foreign technologies
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Yaroshenko, A. A. "An Integrated Approach to the Organization of Designing a Shipbuilding Cluster in the Republic of Crimea." Economics and Management 26, no. 12 (February 10, 2021): 1372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2020-12-1372-1378.
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Aim. The presented study aims to develop an organizational and economic mechanism for designing a shipbuilding cluster.Tasks. The author examines legal documents regulating the formation and development of industrial clusters in the Russian Federation, identifies opportunities for designing a shipbuilding cluster in the Republic of Crimea, and provides a comprehensive algorithm for the cluster’s creation.Methods. The author develops an algorithm for the formation of an industrial cluster in the context of the shipbuilding industry. The study uses the methods of structural, functional, and normative analysis as well as organizational design.Results. The developed algorithm for creating an industrial cluster defines the logical sequence of stages in its formation, making it possible to develop a comprehensive approach to the organization of designing a shipbuilding cluster in the Republic of Crimea. The formation and development of a shipbuilding cluster require each potential participant to make an independent decision about joining the cluster; implementation of joint projects by economic subjects on mutually beneficial terms while maintaining competitive relations; stimulation of innovation and promotion of goods, works, and services; interaction with educational and research institutions; development of technological and industrial infrastructure. Cluster-based interaction helps to activate the stages of specialization and cooperation, attract customers and suppliers, reduce the unit cost of completed orders and technical services. Implementation of the cluster approach in the shipbuilding industry involves examining a separate industry in relation to related industries.Conclusions. The essence of the organizational and economic mechanism for designing a cluster in the shipbuilding industry in the Republic of Crimea is characterized by the specific localization of business structures. The cluster is aimed at enhancing the competitiveness and efficient interaction between these structures through specialization and industrial cooperation, attracting financial, research, and educational organizations.
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Osipov, Alexey V., and Viktor A. Osipov. "“Convenience Flag” Management in the Formation of the Russian Federation Fleet." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 4 (April 24, 2024): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2024.4.16.
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The management of fleets, especially as part of the state-private interaction, is a complex endeavor influenced by economic, political, and strategic factors. This article delves into the concept of the “convenience flag” as a mechanism for optimizing fleet management, exploring its implications within the evolving landscape of mari-time industries. It analyzes optimization mechanisms for fleet management through the utilization of “conven-ience flags” and offshore zones. The current optimization mechanisms are scrutinized against the backdrop of modern transformations in strategic economic sectors, particularly shipbuilding and maritime transport fleet development. Approaches to financing and balancing state-private interests amid heightened international re-lations are examined in greater detail. Through identifying causal relationships between elements of optimiza-tion mechanisms, particularly in financial operations, asset transactions, and the increased risk of fleet vessel loss, the necessity of upholding state interests in these processes is substantiated. Principles of organizational measures to prevent vessel loss and, consequently, the entities operating under “convenience flags” and off-shore zone jurisdictions, are proposed. In conclusion, the management of fleets through “convenience flags” represents a complex interplay of economic, political, and regulatory considerations. While offering potential benefits in terms of cost efficiency and operational flexibility, it also poses inherent risks to state sovereignty and maritime security. Moving forward, a balanced approach that prioritizes transparency, accountability, and stakeholder engagement is essential to ensure the sustainable and responsible management of fleets in the Russian Federation and beyond.
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Schislyaeva, E. R., E. V. Kozhina, and K. I. Sergeeva. "PROJECT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT – AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO IN-CREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY." ECONOMIC VECTOR 3, no. 30 (September 2022): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/2411-7269-2022-3-30-89-98.
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The article contains generalized data on the typology, principles, role and advantages of implementing a project portfolio manage-ment system in the activities of enterprises in the shipbuilding industry of the Russian Federation. The current state of the produc-tion capacities of domestic shipyards, along with modern global trends in innovation and digitalization of the industry, require ship-building and ship repair enterprises to simul-taneously conduct several diverse projects that improve the distribution of limited re-sources between competing projects, max-imize benefits and ensure that ongoing pro-jects comply with the strategic goals of the company. As an effective approach to im-proving the quality of planning and invest-ment efficiency of shipbuilding enterprises, the paper considers the introduction of a project portfolio management system. Within the framework of the article, the systematization of the concepts of project management was made, the stages of the process and the mechanism for managing the project portfolio were identified.
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Volodin, Alexander E., Elena S. Molchanova, and Roman S. Rozhkov. "IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNDER SANCTIONS: TRENDS, RISKS, REGIONAL ASPECT." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 9/3, no. 139 (2023): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2023.09.03.021.
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The article deals with the development of import substitution in the Russian economy. It is noted that import substitution is a type of economic strategy and industrial policy of the state and economic entities aimed at protecting domestic producers by replacing imported industrial goods and technologies with products of national production. The areas in which it is first of all necessary to establish local production are determined. Such areas include electronic, light, pharmaceutical, as well as heavy industry, aircraft construction, shipbuilding, radio electronics and others. It is noted that the main reason for the lag of these areas is the lack of analogues of the necessary equipment of domestic production. A special role is played by the fact that all imported equipment used in Russian production will soon need to be repaired, since the supply of new equipment is closed, however, and it is not possible to purchase original spare parts from Western suppliers. It is also necessary to establish work in the field of metalworking, due to the fact that this problem will soon affect oil and gas production. The positive and negative aspects for the Russian economy are determined, taking into account the emphasis of our economic system on domestic production. t is concluded that the protectionist economic policy will allow developing its own technical and technological bases and related areas, however, along with this, negative factors of the introduction of import substitution policy can be noted, such as a sharp increase in prices, loss of sales markets, their reorientation, prolonged terms of setting up its own production and others.
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Bashlakov-Nikolaev, Igor'. "Problems of Legal Support of Competition in the Russian Federation (on the Example of Shipbuilding Market Development)." Journal of Russian Law 7, no. 9 (October 20, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/jrl.2019.9.6.
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Girin, Stanislav N. Girin. "Modular design of the barge platform." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 78 (March 20, 2024): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi78.407.
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The paper presents the solution of the problem of creating the design of the barge-platform of the "M-SP 3.5" class of the Russian Classification Society (RCS), intended for manufacturing outside the shipbuilding and ship-repair enterprise on the prepared site near the water body. Hull assembly should be made of separate parts (modules), which are manufactured in the conditions of shipbuilding production and delivered to the place of assembly by automobile or railway transport. Welding should not be used in the assembly process. It is suggested to assemble the barge hull from flat sections of 12,00×2,40 m and fractional sizes; bolted joints should be used during assembly. An example of barge construction of op-determined dimensions is considered. Calculation of the overall strength of the hull assembled from individual sections by means of bolted joints is performed using the ANSYS program complex. It is shown that the strength of the hull and bolts is ensured for the load regulated by the Rules of RCO. The use of bolted joints in forming the hull makes it difficult to ensure its impermeability, in this connection the buoyancy and non-floodability of the barge is proposed to be ensured by means of flexible tanks filled with air. Design and production of such tanks is currently carried out by a number of companies in the Russian Federation.
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Dudkina, K. A., and V. A. Frolova. "Current issues in implementation of state incentives for renewal of fishing fleet." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 2, no. 404 (June 6, 2023): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-2-404-165-172.
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Object and purpose of research. The object is development of domestic shipbuilding to meet the needs of fishing industry in the context of incentive measures offered by the state. The purpose is to identify potential risks during implementation of state programs and the ways to resolve problems. Materials and methods. Materials are laws and regulations setting the investment program legal foundation for renewal of fishing fleet. The method is analysis of laws regulating the fishing fleet renovation. Also, the paper takes the benefit of expert assessments and opinions expressed by industry pundits. Main results. Main factors hindering successful implementation of state support measures for fishing fleet shipbuilding are identified the ways of their abatement are defined. E.g., the unfavorable factors include the lack of up-to-date design practice able to meet customer requirements, low level of industry localization, which, ultimately, affects interests of customers, shipyards and the Russian Federation budget. Conclusion. Management and economic measures being already implemented as well as suggested in future are discussed to reveal the problems in state support activities for construction of fishing vessels in an effort to protect participants of investment programs for stimulation of building the fishing vessels and crab boats.
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Голованова, О. В., А. А. Солдатов, А. В. Солдатов, and Л. П. Ипатова. "Sociological monitoring of vocational guidance preferences of future applicants as an element of management of the formation of the shipbuilding educational infrastructure." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 4(50) (November 23, 2020): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2020.50.4.062.
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В работе рассматриваются профориентационные предпочтения старшеклассников Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области с целью создания более эффективного управления формированием инфраструктуры вузов РФ, готовящих кадры для судостроительной промышленности. Социологический мониторинг осуществлялся силами социологической лаборатории, межвузовского центра по образованию в области истории и философии науки и техники, с привлечением бакалавров и магистров кафедры философии и социологии морского технического университета. Для большей эффективности исследования при обработке социологических данных использовались методы многомерного статистического анализа и k-групповых средних. В ходе работы было подтверждено, что для более эффективного привлечения абитуриентов вузам судостроительного профиля необходимо сохранять, поддерживать и развивать многообразие направлений подготовки, включая и гуманитарные, с упором на собственно судостроительные специальности. Для сохранения контингента обучающихся и привлечения новых необходимо также развивать систему дополнительного образования. The article considers the vocational guidance preferences of senior students in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region in order to create a more effective management of infrastructure formation of universities of the Russian Federation training personnel for the shipbuilding industry. The sociological monitoring was carried out by the sociological laboratory and the interuniversity centre for education in the field of history and phylosophy of science and technology with the involvement of bachelors and masters students of the department of phylosophy and sociology at St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University. To make the research more effective the methods of multivariable statistical analysis were used for processing of sociological data and k-group averages. In the course of research, it was confirmed that for more effective attraction of applicants to the university of shipbuilding profile it is necessary to preserve, maintain and develop a variety of training directions including humanities with an emphasis on the actual shipbuilding specialties. To maintain the number of trainees and attract new ones it is also necessary to develop a system of the additional education.
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Pavlov, Akim Vladimirovich, and Konstantin Sakhno. "Basic problems of introducing methods of processing polymer composite materials and maintaining technological processes in marine equipment production." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies 2022, no. 2 (May 31, 2022): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2022-2-13-20.
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In the past few years there could be seen an increasing use of polymer composite materials in the marine industry. Polymer composite materials reach 70% in the volume of parts and structures of ships and marine equipment. The most intensive growth in the implementation of composite materials can be observed abroad. The problem of complete or partial absence of domestic original reinforcing fibers and polymer matrices is revealed. The necessity to define the limiting factors for using the polymer composite materials in the shipbuilding industry of the Russian Federation is substantiated. A study of domestic and foreign literature, industry regulations was carried out, in which the deductive methods, analysis and synthesis were used. The ecosystem of organizing the technological process from the polymer composite materials in the production of structures and parts of marine equipment is considered. The specific features of the technological process are listed, and a formula that describes the speed of the infusion process and determines the parameters on which the process depends is given. It has been found that the main documents regulating the use of polymer composite materials in shipbuilding are focused on the production processes in the 1970s. Nowadays, a competitive struggle for the orders and deadlines forces to use computer-aided design systems for creating 3D models of parts and structures in designing complex structures. There have been defined the restraining factors that have a negative impact on the development of technological processes of working up and introducing the polymer composite materials in in the national industry. The results of the study will further serve to form methodological materials and options for designing technological processes for the processing of polymer composite materials in the Russian industry.
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MAZHARA, E. N. "STAGES OF THE PRE-INVESTMENT PHASE OF MEGA-PROJECT FINANCING OF THE ECONOMY." Izvestia Ufimskogo Nauchnogo Tsentra RAN, no. 2 (June 10, 2024): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31040/2222-8349-2024-0-2-82-87.
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The article offers the author's description of the stages of the pre-investment phase of mega-project financing of the economy. The launch of this process was preceded by a thirty-year transformation of the socio-economic system of the Russian Federation. During these transformations, the previously functioning organizational and economic mechanism was deactivated. Its viability until the start of the special military operation was due to the ongoing policy of Reaganomics, closely related to the principles of the Washington Consensus. Determining a new vector of economic development, the Government of the Russian Federation selected 11 technological sovereignty projects for the first time in December 2023. Among them are port infrastructure projects, shipbuilding, energy, mechanical engineering, infrastructure projects, and instrument engineering. By designating banks as subjects of financing megaprojects, the state thereby promotes the development of economic relations using such a financial instrument as a state guarantee. To make a decision on their participation in large-scale investment projects, authorized government bodies organize the calculation of all performance indicators, incl. budgetary, financial, economic, social. If we are talking about projects that have passed the examination and are significant for the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, its initiators determine the structure of financing. When participating in projects of commercial banks, according to established practice, the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation may offer a state guarantee of the federal budget as security. In this case, issues of the effectiveness of a particular project fade into the background. Reason: if negative results are obtained from the implementation of the investment project, the commercial bank will write off from the treasury account all existing debt on loans issued to the megaproject operator. But in this case, the amount of debt on the loan will be lost from the federal budget. To prevent this from happening, it is important to maintain a balance of interests of all participants in the megaproject. The role of the state remains two-pronged. When identifying “positive” and “negative” aspects of state activity, the gradation assumes the presence of the following structure: a) the “negative” aspect was determined by the acceleration of economic growth and was the basis of structural transformation; b) the “positive” aspect was that set of socio-political circumstances that determine growth from the fundamentally possible potential to the real.
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Pogodina, T. V., N. M. Abdikeev, and Yu S. Bogachev. "Indicators System Improvement to Assess the Innovative Activity of Economic Entities, Taking into Account the Compliance with the Strategic Goals of Socio-Economic Developmen." Accounting. Analysis. Auditing 6, no. 3 (June 5, 2019): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2019-6-3-6-14.
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In the society today, as well as in public administration and economic entities of the Russian Federation there is an awareness of the need to activate the innovation process and assess its quality. In addition, global challenges require the implementation of foresight management mechanisms aimed at forecasting technological development in the conditions of Russian reality. However, the existing system of indicators that is used in Russian practice does not fully meet the needs of the state and society in assessing innovation. The article proposes a Balanced system of indicators for assessing innovation activity (SSPOID) of economic entities, which is designed to combine the past and the present with the prospects of development, the objective function of which is to maximize the increment of the market value of the economic entity, taking into account the mission and strategic priorities of each particular company. SSPOID includes indicators, which are divided into nine groups that characterize the socio-economic development of the economic entity, human capital, financial condition, competitiveness, technology, competitiveness in the labor market, investment, innovation and sources of innovative development. The analysis of the development of industrial production in the Russian Federation for the period of 2011–2016 allowed to determine the strengths and weaknesses in innovation. The strategies of innovative development of a number of production companies (ALROSA, PJSC «NC “Rosneft”, JSC “United shipbuilding company”, JSC “BALTIKA”) were analyzed. The main areas of their innovation activities are as follows: improving energy efficiency, focus on strategic technology, the digitalization of production, the implementation of environmental innovations, improving production security, import substitution. The necessity in the creation of the integrated industrial and production complex, which will be optimum from the point of view of satisfaction of consumers’ needs for production, is justified. In the framework of the integrated industrial complex, the rationale for its focus on creating and maximizing the increment of the network added value is proved.
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Kudriavtceva, A. S. "Algorithm for assessing and selecting innovations for an enterprise." Ontology of Designing 11, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 364–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2223-9537-2021-11-3-364-381.
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Currently, innovative technologies of the third and fourth industrial revolutions have a huge impact on the develop-ment of industrial enterprises. There is a need to create an approach to decision-making management when introducing innovative technologies. The purpose of the article is to develop an algorithm for assessing innovative technologies by gradually narrowing the area of feasible solutions. A brief analysis of existing methods for assessing innovations is giv-en. It is shown that the existing economic and complex assessments do not allow to give a systematic assessment of the effectiveness of innovations, since new technologies have no experience in the past. The works of J. Rifkin and K. Schwab, as well as the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030 can form the basis for choosing the initial set of innovations, the basis for forming the area of proposed innova-tions for implementation. To narrow the selected set of innovations, an algorithm for systemic assessment and selec-tion of innovations is proposed. The study, carried out on the basis of the developed algorithm for the shipbuilding en-terprise "Admiralteyskie Verfi" in Saint Petersburg, made it possible to evaluate and select the rational composition of innovations for this enterprise.
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Magarovsky, V. V., V. N. Polovinkin, A. V. Pustoshny, and O. V. Savchenko. "Novelties in the international policy towards mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from ships and necessary measures in marine industry. Part 1. Analysis of regulatory documents governing the new policy of greenhouse gas emission mitigation." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 4, no. 402 (October 14, 2022): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2022-4-402-141-156.
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Object and purpose of research. This paper is intended to analyse new provisions of IMO policy towards reduction of greenhouse gas emission from international ship traffic, as well as Russian and EU documents governing the environmental policy in the marine industry towards implementation of the Paris Agreement of 2015. This publication is the first in the series of three articles tackling various aspects of new shipbuilding policy and tasks that have to be accomplished to meet IMO directives. Subject matter and methods. This paper is an analytical review of documentation and publications on this topic. It relies on IMO documents, EU directives and governing documents of the Russian Federation. Main results. This paper analyses the novelties in the IMO policy towards mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions in the light of the set-out task, i.e. to achieve 70% reduction in the emissions from marine ship traffic by the year 2050 as compared to 2008. To this effect, it is suggested to introduce power efficiency indexes not only for newbuildings, as it was before, but also for the ships already in service. Along with this, another novelty was the introduction of Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) understood as the result of year-toyear fuel consumption monitoring and assigned as per the rating system. In the new system, CII rating requirements will progressively become more and more stringent so as to create a stimulus for ship owners to take new measures towards reduction of ship emissions every several years. The analysis has shown that emission reduction for both newbuildings and in-service ships requires more research and development. Conclusion. The analysis has shown that the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from marine traffic stipulated in the new governing documents of IMO and European Union prescribes emission reduction to the levels several times lower than those currently achieved through considerable efforts of shipbuilders and used as reference points in ship design progress in the years 2010–2025. Newly introduced actual emission ratings for each given ship enforced by the threat of its banning from international voyages requires periodic upgrade of the ships in service, with implementation of new technical measures. At this stage, shipbuilding industry must identify above-mentioned measures (they will be analysed in Part II and Part III of this series) and prepare their implementation.
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Minchuk, Oleg V., Aleksandr A. Saburov, Konstantin S. Zaikov, Aleksandr M. Tamitskiy, and Aleksey S. Nikiforov. "Interaction between Enterprises of the Real Economy Sector of the Russian Arctic Zone and Educational Organizations (Using the Example of the Arkhangelsk Oblast): Content, Trends and Assessments." Arctic and North, no. 53 (December 26, 2023): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/issn2221-2698.2023.53.79.
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The team of authors of the article conducted a sociological study aimed at analyzing and assessing the interaction of enterprises in the real sector of the economy and organizations of higher and secondary education in the field of personnel training for the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation using the example of the Arkhangelsk region. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the growing shortage of specialists with higher and secondary vocational education in the shipbuilding, forestry and fishing industries of the Arkhangelsk region in recent years has stimulated the interest of enterprises in cooperation with educational organizations. The study revealed significant differences in the level of interaction by enterprise size. The most intensive cooperation between educational organizations is carried out with large enterprises planning staffing for the medium term, having the greatest personnel needs, as well as human and financial resources to build interaction in their interests. The study also showed a trend towards establishing long-term connections between educational organizations and large enterprises using a variety of cooperation tools and involving students in work activities during their studies with a view to subsequent employment. At the same time, quantitative and qualitative data indicate the vulnerable position of small and medium-sized enterprises in terms of cooperation with educational organizations and, as a consequence, the provision of personnel. This is due both to the limited human resource for planning personnel policy, and to the fact that the few educational organizations in the region, as a rule, give priority to cooperation with major players, due to their status and ability to provide material support to the educational institution.
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Maistrenko, A. V. "Building structures thermal calculation." Advanced Engineering Research 21, no. 3 (October 18, 2021): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2687-1653-2021-21-3-260-267.
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Introduction. The thermal calculation of a volumetric structure using the finite element method is considered. According to the plans of the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, a powerful wind energy industry will be created in the country in the coming years. In this regard, calculations in the production of building structures of wind power plants are currently becoming a challenge. The production of such fiberglass structures is a complex thermochemical process, including the polymerization of the binder under strictly specified thermal conditions. The work objective is to develop a method for three-dimensional finite element calculation of the non-stationary heating mode of a complexshaped composite structure.Materials and Methods. The determination of the temperature fields of a complex-shaped structure made of inhomogeneous materials causes using numerical methods and, first of all, the finite element method. The finite element modeling of the behavior of composite materials under molding is still incomplete. For its partial solution, the well-known heat conduction equation is adapted for a specific problem based on the first law of thermodynamics. New finite element models describing the thermal fields in the structure during its manufacture are proposed. The accuracy of modeling thermal processes is specified. Numerical simulation of heating is carried out.Results. The solution to the problem was performed in the multifunctional software complex ANSYS with the implementation of the calculation method in the parametric programming language APDL. The temperature fields of the blade elements of wind power plants at the stage of their manufacture were calculated, which made it possible to identify the characteristic features of the production process of these structures and to obtain recommendations for clarifying the process of their gluing.Discussion and Conclusions. The results obtained can be used in thermal calculations of elements of complex layered structures made of composite materials in wind power, mechanical engineering, aircraft, shipbuilding, instrumentation, etc.
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Nikolaeva, Anna Borisovna. "Icebreaker atomic fleet as a factor of the Northern Sea Route development." Север и рынок: формирование экономического порядка 25, no. 3/2022 (September 29, 2022): 158–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2220-802x.3.2022.77.011.
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The successful development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) implies the creation of a developed transport infrastructure, which should result in a significant increase in cargo turnover along the route. The article discusses the process of forming a modern atomic fleet as the basis for safe navigation, aimed at solving the important problem of further development of the Arctic transport system. In terms of navigation, the NSR is one of the most complicated and dangerous sea routes, which, in addition to its long length, is distinguished by the presence of shallow water areas located far away from the coast, and difficult ice conditions. The task of further increasing the cargo turnover cannot be solved without providing year-round navigation. Due to the harsh climatic conditions in the Arctic latitudes, year-round navigation is not feasible without an appropriate icebreaker support. As the atomic icebreaker fleet is already quite outdated today, it is necessary to put new icebreakers into operation. The purpose of the study is to identify problems in terms of raising one of the efficiency indicators of the NSR performance — cargo turnover, provided renovation of the icebreaker fleet as a factor, necessary for solving the tasks of successful functioning of the route. It was concluded that the commissioning of icebreakers is hindered by insufficient funding of the industry, but the main problem lies in the consequences of the crisis in Ukraine in 2014. As a result, the supply chains of shipbuilding were disrupted and sanctions against the Russian Federation were imposed. The situation has been exacerbated by the imposition of new unprecedented sanctions packages since the launch of the special military operation in February 2022. The practical significance of the study is that the conclusions drawn are aimed at the further NSR development. The rapidly changing international situation and the economic situation within the country determine the prospects for further research on the topic.
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Volkova, Violetta N., and Arina S. Kudriavtceva. "Models for management of innovative activities on industrial enterprise." Open Education 22, no. 4 (August 28, 2018): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/1818-4243-2018-4-64-73.
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Innovations were the source of development of all spheres of life activities at all times. At present, the management of any organization is greatly influenced by the active development of innovative technologies of the third and fourth industrial revolutions. At the same time, innovative technologies can have both positive and negative effects. Therefore, when managing innovation activities of an enterprise, the requirements for thoroughness of their analysis are increased. It is necessary to make decisions about the expediency of choosing innovations for a particular enterprise (organization), taking into account the utility and consequences of implementation, to choose models that allow to take into account the specifics of a particular situation, the nature of innovations, their correspondence to the profile, resource and scientific and technical potential of the enterprise, market requirements, stages of the life cycle of the production technology, industries of the enterprise.The paper aims to substantiation of the models for management of innovative activity of the industrial enterprise.To realize the goal, a short analysis of modern technological innovations is carried out, recommended in the works of J. Rifkin [19, 20], K. Schwab [24] and the “Strategy of the Information Society Development in the Russian Federation for 2017–2030”. Based on this analysis, innovations are selected that can be used to develop a particular enterprise, and then models are proposed for more thorough evaluation and selection of innovations.The article briefly analyzes the technological innovations of the third and fourth industrial revolutions and suggests models for comparative analysis and selection of innovations.When developing models of analysis and selecting innovative technologies for specific enterprises and organizations, it is proposed to use methods of system analysis that are combined on the basis of an approach based on a step-by-step limitation of the domain of acceptable solutions and a gradual formalization of the model for selecting innovations.The analysis of innovative technologies and the proposed models are useful for the educational process of the university. The research was carried out on the example of the shipbuilding enterprise of Joint-Stock Company “Admiralteyskie Verfi”.
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Маевский, А. М. "Prediction of movement routes of marine unmanned transport objects in real navigation conditions based on a characteristic model of the global current field." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, no. 1(63) (February 28, 2024): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2024.63.1.007.
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В статье рассматривается процесс разработки системы прогнозирования поведения морских беспилотных транспортных объектов (в том числе безэкипажных судов и морских робототехнических комплексов) – одной из важнейших систем, отвечающей за безопасное перемещение в экстремальных морских условиях. Также рассматривается вопрос актуальности использования беспилотных судов. Отмечается развитие технических средств в сфере морского судостроения. Аргументируются преимущества применения беспилотных судов и выявляются перспективы, связанные с их внедрением: снижение аварийности за счет исключения человеческого фактора, уменьшение негативного воздействия на окружающую среду, повышение надежности перевозок благодаря изменениям в конструкции судов, повышение экономической эффективности из-за отсутствия необходимости обеспечения экипажа и другие преимущества. В статье приводится процесс интегрирования и учета имеющихся карт течений в систему планирования траектории перемещения беспилотных транспортных объектов. Подробно описывается процесс моделирования работы системы планирования перемещения беспилотных транспортных объектов в условиях известной карты течения для различных акваторий Российской Федерации. The article discusses the process of developing a system for predicting the behavior of marine unmanned transport objects (including unmanned ships and marine robotic systems) - one of the most important systems responsible for safe movement in extreme marine conditions. The issue of the relevance of using unmanned ships is also considered. The development of technical means in the field of marine shipbuilding is noted. The advantages of using unmanned ships are argued and the prospects associated with their implementation are identified: reducing accident rates by eliminating the human factor, reducing the negative impact on the environment, increasing the reliability of transportation due to changes in the design of ships, increasing economic efficiency due to the absence of the need to provide a crew, and others advantages. The article describes the process of integrating and taking into account existing current maps into a system for planning the trajectory of unmanned transport objects. The process of modeling the operation of a system for planning the movement of unmanned transport objects under the conditions of a known current map for various water areas of the Russian Federation is described in detail.
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Королева, Л. А., and И. Г. Малыгин. "Application of a systematic approach for a balanced environmental assessment of hydrogen-fueled vessels." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, no. 4(62) (November 26, 2023): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2023.62.4.023.
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Ключевыми факторами устойчивого развития экономики и общества являются энергетическая безопасность, снижение загрязнения окружающей среды, предотвращение изменений климата. Переход судов на водородное топливо значительно снижает выбросы парниковых газов и является актуальной задачей. Цель работы заключается в проведении сбалансированной экологической оценки судов на водородном топливе с использованием системного подхода метода анализа иерархий. Определено, что широкому распространению водородной энергетики препятствует наличие технических, стоимостных и институциональных проблем. Наиболее экологически чистым и дорогим способом (электролизом воды) получают около 4% водорода. Для оценки перспектив развития водного транспорта на водородном топливе применен метод анализа иерархий. Обоснованы преимущества данного метода исследований. Приведена последовательность действий при его реализации. Доказано, что при создании инновационных судов экологические проблемы необходимо решать в комплексе с энергетическими, экономическими, технологическими проблемами и вопросами обеспечения безопасности. Разработана система критериев для экологической оценки судов, использующих различные источники энергии. Оценка проведена по трем уровням. Выявление глобальных приоритетов позволило дать сбалансированную экологическую оценку судов на водородном топливе. Реализация предлагаемого подхода дает возможность учитывать влияние изменяющихся внешних условий при проведении оценки перспектив развития «водородного направления» в судостроении. Переход на водородное топливо хорошо согласуется с Климатической доктриной Российской Федерации и международными стратегиями по сокращению выбросов парниковых газов. The key factors of sustainable development are energy security, reduction of environmental pollution, prevention of climate change. The transition of ships to hydrogen fuel significantly reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is an urgent task. The purpose of the work is to conduct a balanced environmental assessment of hydrogen fuel ships using a systematic approach to the hierarchy analysis method. It is determined that the widespread use of hydrogen energy is hindered by the presence of technical, cost and institutional problems. The most environmentally friendly and expensive method (electrolysis of water) produces about 4% hydrogen. To assess the prospects for the development of hydrogen-fueled water transport, the method of hierarchy analysis was applied. Its advantages are justified. The sequence of actions for its implementation is given. It is proved that when creating innovative vessels, environmental problems must be solved in combination with energy, economic, technological problems and safety issues. A system of criteria for environmental assessment of vessels using various energy sources has been developed. The assessment was carried out on three levels. The identification of global priorities made it possible to give a balanced environmental assessment of hydrogen-fueled vessels. The implementation of the proposed approach makes it possible to take into account the influence of changing external conditions when assessing the prospects for the development of the "hydrogen direction" in shipbuilding. The transition to hydrogen fuel is in good agreement with the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation and international strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
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Сатаев, А. А., С. А. Чесноков, Д. И. Новиков, and В. В. Андреев. "Methodology of investigation of thermal-hydraulic processes under the influence of external dynamic forces." MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII), no. 1(51) (March 2, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2021.51.1.003.
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В связи с развитием атомного судостроения в РФ возникла необходимость всестороннего анализа процессов, происходящих в реакторных установках, для их модернизации, продления ресурса, увеличения технико-экономических показателей. Целью настоящей работы является создание методики исследования теплогидравлических процессов в судовых ядерных энергетических установках при воздействии внешних динамических сил. В основу получения данной методики положены математический и экспериментальный методы. Для этого был создан стенд моделирования теплогидравлических процессов в условиях качки. Основной задачей, которую требовалось решить – нахождение кинематической характеристики исследовательского стенда. Так для анализа воздействия внешних сил на теплогидравлическую модель необходимо знать закон движения материальных точек модели, а также в общем виде закон распределения температур, скорости текущей среды в модели. В самом общем виде это поле будет нестационарным и трехмерным. Закон качки задается в виде гармонического закона с зависимостями от амплитуды и периода колебаний. Теплогидравлические процессы предлагается описывать в системе, связанной с координатами в неподвижной системе координат, при изменении положения центра масс модели. Было определено, что вид этой траектории зависит от соотношения периодов и амплитуд колебаний, а также разности фаз между колебаниями. Были получены уравнения кинематики, которые затем планируется использовать при описании математической модели стенда. In connection with the development of nuclear shipbuilding in the Russian Federation, the need arose for a comprehensive analysis of the processes taking place in reactor facilities, for their modernization, extension of the service life, and increase in technical and economic indicators. The purpose of this work is to create a methodology for studying thermohydraulic processes in ship nuclear power plants under the influence of external dynamic forces. The methodology is based on mathematical and experimental methods. For this, a stand was created for simulating thermohydraulic processes in rolling conditions. The main task that had to be solved was to find the kinematic characteristics of the research stand. So, to analyze the effect of external forces on a thermohydraulic model, it is necessary to know the law of motion of material points of the model, as well as, in general form, the law of distribution of temperatures, the velocity of the flowing medium in the model. In its most general form, this field will be non-stationary and three-dimensional. The rolling law is specified in the form of a harmonic law with dependences on the amplitude and period of oscillations. It is proposed to describe thermohydraulic processes in a system associated with coordinates in a fixed coordinate system when the position of the center of mass of the model changes. It was determined that the form of this trajectory depends on the ratio of periods and amplitudes of oscillations, as well as the phase difference between oscillations. The equations of kinematics were obtained, which are then planned to be used when describing the mathematical model of the stand.
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Halyavkin, Alexey Aleksandrovich, Natalia Aleksandrovna Safonova, and Anna Yakovlevna Auslender. "INVESTMENT POLICY FOR SHIP-BUILDING BRANCH." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University, October 15, 2018, 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2018-2-139-143.
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In the context of globalization, the importance of improvement of the economy competitiveness is increasing. In order to develop the Russian industries, federal authorities have taken steps to implement the program approach. At the same time, among a wide variety of industries, the shipbuilding industry is recognized as one of the priority. The article identifies the trends in development of shipbuilding industry in Russia and abroad - investment activity. There has been considered the state, problems and priority directions of development of shipbuilding in the context of the investment policy implemented within the framework of the existing program of the Russian Federation for the development of shipbuilding. The direct and indirect influence of investments on the branches of the economy is analyzed, examples of attracting investments in the context of free placement of investments or limiting their presence in a country are given. The results of the state policy in the field of shipbuilding have been considered.The special features of shipbuilding production, the instability of the external environment have determined the specifics of investment in the industry. The analysis of investment mechanisms into the shipbuilding industry has been made on the example of tools of the state support at the level of the entities of the Russian Federation. The characteristics of the form of state support for special economic zone on the example of the “Lotos” economic zone (the Astrakhan region) have been considered. The economic zone in the Astrakhan region, due its geopolitical location and economic potential, will base on enterprises of shipbuilding complex; in this connection, there have been formulated conditions for characterizing efficiency of the special economic zone development. There have been shown the results of the general economic effect obtained due to investments in the region.
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Bezjukov, Oleg Konstantinovich, and Vladimir Anatoljevich Zhukov. "STATE AND PROSPECTS OF SHIP ENGINE-BUILDING IN RUSSIA." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Marine engineering and technologies, May 25, 2017, 40–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-1574-2017-2-40-53.
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The course of the government of the Russian Federation for the development of the sea and river fleet is determined by a number of Federal target programs. These programs provide for the modernization of the composition of the sea, river and fishing fleet. The article provides analysis of the current state of the civil fleet of the Russian Federation, as well as an overview of engines that are part of the power plants of the vessels in service. There are considered prospects for the development of shipbuilding in Russia on the basis of plans for construction of different purpose vessels. Achieving the goal set by the fovernment should be ensured taking into account the policy of import substitution of the most important elements of sea and river technology. The authors state that the solution of the tasks is impossible without the development of ship propulsion engineering in Russia. The article presents the review of engine-building enterprises of the Russian Federation and products manufactured by them, most attention being given to engine rotational velocity and output. The authors give a comparative analysis to diesel engines produced in Russia and engines of leading foreign manufacturers, which is based on main technical and economic parameters, such as specific effective fuel consumption, average effective pressure, specific gravity, etc. The results of analysis helped to establish the most promising domestic manufacturers of diesel engines capable to compete with foreign manufacturers of marine diesel engines. The article shows the prospects of converting versatile engines produced at domestic enterprises into marine engines, with appropriate modernization of their systems and use of domestic components in their design which meet modern requirements. The article shows the most promising engines of Russian manufacturers, their technical and economic characteristics, which ensure competitiveness; gives the dimensions of advanced engines. The article contains recommendations for ensuring the developing and production of competitive marine engines intended for sea, fishing and river fleets in the Russian Federation.
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Мошков, А. В. "ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF THE STRATEGIES FOR TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF A LARGE CITY IN PACIFIC RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF VLADIVOSTOK CITY)." Естественные и технические науки, no. 3(166) (April 1, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.25633/etn.2022.03.13.
Full textAbstract:
В основе представленной работы лежит экономико-географический анализ Стратегии социально-экономического развития туристско-рекреационного комплекса в Российской Федерации и в г. Владивостока на долгосрочную перспективу (до 2035 года). Туристско-рекреационный комплекс муниципального образования городской округ Владивосток является важной частью туристско-рекреационного комплекса Приморского края, а также других прибрежных субъектов Дальневосточного федерального округа (ДФО), входящих в Тихоокеанскую Россию. Для региональных и муниципальных туристско-рекреационных комплексов выделяется глобальная цель – повышение качества жизни населения и создание благоприятной среды жизнедеятельности граждан, за счет устойчивого экономического роста.При этом, туристско-рекреационный комплекс г. Владивостока отличается специфическим сочетанием возможностей и угроз, благоприятных и негативных факторов развития. С момента основания Владивостока и до настоящего времени важнейшие составляющие экономического потенциала города представлены морским транспортом, предприятиями машиностроения (в т.ч. судостроения и судоремонта) и рыбной промышленности. Туризм и рекреация выполняют функции обслуживания жителей и гостей города (населения края и южных субъектов ДФО, других регионов России), а также зарубежных туристов (в основном – из соседних провинций Китая). При этом, следует учитывать, что управленческие решения, принимавшиеся при создании и развитии города, в первую очередь имели целью решение социально-экономических проблем традиционных видов деятельности (морской транспорт, машиностроение, рыбохозяйственный и строительный комплексы и др.), укрепление геополитического положения России в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе. Поэтому, для устойчивого развития туризма, как основного вида деятельности, необходимо согласовать основные составляющие Концепции стратегии социально-экономического развития туристско-рекреационного комплекса страны, края и муниципального образования. The presented work is based on an economic and geographical analysis of the Strategy of socio-economic development of the tourist and recreational complex in the Russian Federation and in the city of Vladivostok for the long term (until 2035). The tourist and recreational complex of the Vladivostok City Municipal District is an important part of the tourist and recreational complex of Primorskii Krai, as well as other coastal subjects (territories) of the Far Eastern Federal Okrug (FEFO), which are part of Pacific Russia. For regional and municipal tourist and recreational complexes, a global goal is singled out as improving the quality of life of the population and creating a favorable environment for citizens by means of the sustainable economic growth.At the same time, the tourist and recreational complex of Vladivostok is distinguished by a specific combination of opportunities and threats, favorable and negative factors of its development. Since the founding of Vladivostok City and up to the present, the most important components of its economic potential are sea transport, mechanical engineering enterprises (including shipbuilding and ship repair) and fishery. Tourism and recreation serve the residents and guests of the city (the population of the krai and the southern subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, and other regions of Russia), as well as foreign tourists (mainly from neighboring provinces of China). At the same time, one should keep in mind that the policy decisions taken during the creation and development of the city were primarily aimed at solving the socio-economic problems of mainly traditional activities (like marine transport, mechanical engineering, fisheries and construction complexes, etc.), and of strengthening the geopolitical position of Russia in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, for the sustainable development of tourism as the main type of economic activity, it is necessary to coordinate the main components of the concepts of the strategies of socio-economic development of the tourist and recreational complex of the country, the region and the municipality.