Journal articles: 'Shifting frontiers'

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Kuchinsky, George. "Russia: Shifting Political Frontiers." Comparative Strategy 33, no. 3 (May 27, 2014): 262–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2014.926724.

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Cherry, David, Ralph W. Mathisen, and Hagith S. Sivan. "Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity." Journal of Military History 62, no. 2 (April 1998): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/120724.

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Rosenberg, Harry. "Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity (review)." Journal of Early Christian Studies 6, no. 4 (1998): 682–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/earl.1998.0064.

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Wigblad, Rune, Magnus Hansson, Keith Townsend, and John Lewer. "Shifting frontiers of control during closedown processes." Personnel Review 41, no. 2 (February 3, 2012): 160–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483481211200015.

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Barker, Andrew. "Shifting frontiers in ancient theories of metaphor." Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society 45 (2000): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068673500002315.

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This paper is concerned with one little-known but intriguing and conceptually promising episode in the history of Greek thought about metaphor. Remarks made by two distinguished scholars will help us to get some preliminary bearings. In ancient discussions of rhetoric, says D.A. Russell, there was ‘a sharp distinction between content (to legomenon) and verbal form (lexis). With some hazy and uncertain exceptions, ancient writers on poetry also adhered firmly to this distinction’. Qualifications are added later in the book; but Russell leaves us with the clear impression that no Greek or Roman theorist made significant concessions to any nonsense about the medium being the message; and that whatever may be true of isolated examples of critical practice, all general theories about the elements of poetry assumed that discussions of what is said can be conducted quite independently of discussions of how it is said. In so far as connections were envisaged at all, Russell maintains, it was in terms of a rather vague notion of ‘suitability’: many writers cite with approval the Gorgian slogan, ‘great words suit great things’.

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Lounela, Anu, and Tuomas Tammisto. "Introduction." Suomen Antropologi: Journal of the Finnish Anthropological Society 46, no. 1 (November 28, 2021): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30676/jfas.v46i1.112425.

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In recent years, the concept of ‘frontier’ has become an important analytical device to discuss resource-making in connection with state formation, procurement of labour, environmental destruction, transformation of landscapes, and climate change. Current rapidly shifting frontier situations suggest that the frontier becomes a useful concept in connection with territorialization, since frontiers, as open or liminal areas, give rise to efforts to map, regulate, expand, and extract in them. We propose that frontiers are spatial, temporal, and relational situations that involve territorial processes that qualify landscapes and relations between humans and other beings, such as plants, animals, and so forth. In this special issue, the authors focus on different aspects and qualities of frontier making, namely questions about territorialization, the spatio-temporal dynamics of frontiers, and the possibilities of life under frontier conditions in the Indonesian Borneo, Papua New Guinea, Finnish Lapland, and the Brazilian Amazon. In all these areas, large-scale resource extraction and struggle over different tenure regimes are on-going. The various cases show that natural resources are not generic, they are specific natural elements that are revalued as commodities and resources that can be extracted in frontier situations. The articles of this special issue show that these nature elements, beings, and lives bear a great significance on different ways frontier dynamics and territorializing processes unfold in specific locations. The papers argue that these transformative processes lend specific qualities to socionatural relationships and limits to possibilities of life.

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Barton, Thomas W. "Lords, settlers and shifting frontiers in medieval Catalonia." Journal of Medieval History 36, no. 3 (September 2010): 204–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmedhist.2010.07.002.

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Stern, Peter, and Robert Jackson. "Vagabundaje and Settlement Patterns in Colonial Northern Sonora." Americas 44, no. 4 (April 1988): 461–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006970.

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Frontiers are, by definition, unsettled and wild places; populations are shifting and mobile, social conditions are in state of constant flux, and governmental authority is generally weak. Frontier populations tend to be resentful of any type of control, and are often engaged in entreprenurial activities whose degree of legality varies widely. In frontier conditions, people the state defines as vagabonds and marginal tend to flourish. Their tenure as frontiersmen is usually brief, for they depend on the very conditions of instability which exist in areas with underdeveloped economies, weak authority, and sparse and spatially dispersed populations. Nevertheless, they can have an effect out of proportion to their numbers in a frontier society.

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Greverus, Ina-Maria. "Walking on Borderlines, Crossing Frontiers." Anthropological Journal of European Cultures 21, no. 2 (September 1, 2012): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ajec.2012.210203.

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The history of the Anthropological Journal of European Cultures is told here as stories of boundary crossings between cultures of Europe and their overseas relationships: from the outset through developments and 'shifting grounds', to the present day. These stories have ranged from the Wall that divided nations to the vision and reality of European Unity. At the same time, the journal has sought to transcend boundaries between disciplines that, especially in Europe, have often remained attached to national and colonial traditions of monographic description of regions and tribes.Ethnography needs transnational and transdisciplinary discourses and comparison, without losing sight of fieldwork in situ and multiple sites, including from the perspective of the Other.'Anthropologising Europe' has been a key concern of the journal, as have the 'shifting grounds' of 'doing ethnography' in the context of globalisation that sediments places and spaces. Separations received much attention: of nations by the wall between capitalism and communism, in gender relations, or through national and regional bordering processes. But there were also the boundary transgressing utopias of a collage of hybrid society as poetic spark, in which the hybrid anthropologist, too, might feel at home in his or her various hermeneutic endeavours.

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WILSON, RICHARD. "Shifting Frontiers: Historical Transformati6ns of Identities in Latin America." Bulletin of Latin American Research 14, no. 1 (January 1995): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-9856.1995.tb00149.x.

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van Roermund, Arthur H. M. "Shifting the Frontiers of Analog and Mixed-Signal Electronics." Advances in Electronics 2014 (December 16, 2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/590970.

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Nowadays, analog and mixed-signal (AMS) IC designs, mainly found in the frontends of large ICs, are highly dedicated, complex, and costly. They form a bottleneck in the communication with the outside world, determine an upper bound in quality, yield, and flexibility for the IC, and require a significant part of the power dissipation. Operating very close to physical limits, serious boundaries are faced. This paper relates, from a high-level point of view, these boundaries to the Shannon channel capacity and shows how the AMS circuitry forms a matching link in transforming the external analog signals, optimized for the communication medium, to the optimal on-chip signal representation, the digital one, for the IC medium. The signals in the AMS part itself are consequently not optimally matched to the IC medium. To further shift the frontiers of AMS design, a matching-driven design approach is crucial for AMS. Four levels will be addressed: technology-driven, states-driven, redundancy-driven, and nature-driven design. This is done based on an analysis of the various classes of AMS signals and their specific properties, seen from the angle of redundancy. This generic, but abstract way of looking at the design process will be substantiated with many specific examples.

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Arenas Conejo, Míriam. "Disabled women and transnational feminisms: shifting boundaries and frontiers." Disability & Society 26, no. 5 (August 2011): 597–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2011.589193.

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Grimm, Julia, and Juliane Reinecke. "Crying for the Moon? Shifting Frontiers of Possibility through Frames." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 10389. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.10389abstract.

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Bruijnzeel, Adriaan W. "Shifting Frontiers in Basic Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Products." Nicotine & Tobacco Research 22, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 145–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz190.

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Süssekind, Flora. "Shifting Frontiers--Manuel Bonfim and A América Latina : An Introduction." Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies 11, no. 1 (March 2002): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569320120119449.

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WILSON, R. "Shifting Frontiers: Historical transformati�ns of identities in Latin America." Bulletin of Latin American Research 14, no. 1 (January 1995): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-3050(94)00028-f.

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Roniger, Luis. "Introduction to the Dossier: Shifting Frontiers of Citizenship in Latin America." Middle Atlantic Review of Latin American Studies 1, no. 1 (March 24, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23870/marlasv1nilr.

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Pillai, Shanthini, and Melissa Shamini Perry. "The Shifting Frontiers of Literary Studies in the Twenty-first Century." Kritika Kultura, no. 33/34 (December 17, 2021): 377–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13185/kk2020.0033/3420.

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Cox, John. "Bridge to nowhere: Danilo Kiš’s “Muddy tale” and Europe’s shifting frontiers." Hungarian Studies 24, no. 2 (December 2010): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/hstud.24.2010.2.7.

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Horsley, Philomena. "Gender Equity in Health: The Shifting Frontiers of Evidence and Action." Health & Social Care in the Community 19, no. 1 (December 10, 2010): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2524.2010.00974_3.x.

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Kim, Taekyoon, and Shin-wha Lee. "The Embedded Conundrum of South-South and Triangular Cooperation: A Prologue to Shifting Frontiers from Collaboration to Contention." Asian Journal of Peacebuilding 10, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18588/202205.00a301.

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Gregory D. Smithers. "Diasporic Women: Wahnenauhi, Narcissa Owen, and the Shifting Frontiers of Cherokee Identity." Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 38, no. 1 (2017): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/fronjwomestud.38.1.0197.

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Greatrex, Geoffrey. ""Tenth Shifting Frontiers in Late Antiquity Conference" Ottawa, Canada, 21-24 March 2013." Journal of Late Antiquity 6, no. 1 (2013): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jla.2013.0002.

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Barringer, Terry. "Empires in World War I: Shifting Frontiers and Imperial Dynamics in a Global Conflict." Round Table 103, no. 5 (September 3, 2014): 528–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2014.966446.

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RUFFAT, MICHÈLE. "French insurance from the ancien régime to 1946: shifting frontiers between state and market." Financial History Review 10, no. 2 (October 2003): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565003000155.

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This article considers the changing regulatory environment in which French insurance operated between the ancien régime and the post-war years. At first treated with suspicion, the state came to recognise the social benefits of insurance during the industrial revolution. The extension of regulation over different products and companies – life, marine, general – needs to be understood as a historical process in which first the benefits and then the possibilities for access to substantial financial resources came to be understood. A dual tradition of mistrust and fascination has prevailed in the French attitudes towards insurance, and this paper explores this relationship in a variety of contexts. It is suggested that the eventual nationalisation of much of the industry in 1946 was a signal of both increasing respectability and of the state's desire to offer universal coverage. The opportunity to mobilise and direct investment flows was also attractive.

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Moyd, Michelle. "Empires in World War I: shifting frontiers and imperial dynamics in a global conflict." First World War Studies 10, no. 2-3 (September 2, 2019): 263–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19475020.2019.1690106.

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Moses Aule. "A Reinvention of the “Contact Zone” and the Myth of “Caribbean-ness” in Edwidge Danticat’s The Farming of Bones and Grace Nichols’s Whole of a Morning Sky." Creative Launcher 7, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2022.7.6.01.

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The essence of history, on the most part, is to provide discursive knots that either hold a people together or provide tissues of asymmetrical relations that separate them permanently. Hence, through the Postcolonial lens, this paper argues that Edwidge Danticat and Grace Nichols have used their historical novels: The Farming of Bones and Whole of a Morning Sky– the novels that not only take their setting and some events and characters from history, but make the historical events and issues crucial for the course of the narrative to (re)inscribed historical codes that harbour a constant shift in individuation among the colonized people. Their aim is to unearth certain salient relational frontiers – ones that have created a “...radically asymmetrical relations of power” in modern Caribbean nations. The reason for this, on the one hand, is to show “...the marks of a shifting boundaries that alienates the frontiers of the modern (Caribbean) nation”, and on the other, to show how these shifting boundaries have not only created what Bhabha calls the “Third Space” – the process of ‘splitting’ of national subject – but how this space has hindered the realization of Caribbean-nests. By using the Caribbean example, the paper concludes that history provides a lasting memory to the Third world nations and through it the slippage of categories, such as sexuality, class affiliation, territorial paranoia, or cultural difference can be understood and bridged for the advancement of the people.

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van Vliet, Nathalie, Cristina Adams, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, and Ole Mertz. "“Slash and Burn” and “Shifting” Cultivation Systems in Forest Agriculture Frontiers from the Brazilian Amazon." Society & Natural Resources 26, no. 12 (December 2013): 1454–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2013.820813.

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Thompson, V. B. "The Phenomenon of Shifting Frontiers: The Kenya-Somalia Case in the Horn of Africa, 1880s-1970s." Journal of Asian and African Studies 30, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1995): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002190969503000101.

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Karamustafa, Ahmet T. "Warriors, martyrs, and dervishes: moving frontiers, shifting identities in the land of Rome (13th–15th centuries)." Mediterranean Historical Review 35, no. 2 (July 2, 2020): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09518967.2020.1823664.

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Lehmann, David. "Religion as heritage, religion as belief: Shifting frontiers of secularism in Europe, the USA and Brazil." International Sociology 28, no. 6 (October 25, 2013): 645–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268580913503894.

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Morton, Nicholas. "Author, Warriors, Martyrs, Dervishes: Moving Frontiers, Shifting Identities in the land of Rome (13th-15th Centuries)." Al-Masāq 32, no. 2 (May 3, 2020): 202–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2020.1767877.

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Cavanagh, Connor J. "Political ecologies of biopower: diversity, debates, and new frontiers of inquiry." Journal of Political Ecology 25, no. 1 (September 16, 2018): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v25i1.23047.

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This article reviews recent literature on the political ecologies of conservation and environmental change mitigation, highlighting the biopolitical stakes of many writings in this field. Although a large and apparently growing number of political ecologists engage the concept of biopower directly – in its Foucauldian, Agambenian, and various other formulations – recent writings across the humanities and social sciences by scholars utilizing an explicitly biopolitical lens provide us with an array of concepts and research questions that may further enrich writings within political ecology. Seeking to extend dialogue between scholars of biopolitics, of political ecology, and of both, then, this article surveys both new and shifting contours of the various ways in which contemporary political ecologies increasingly compel us to bring the very lives of various human and nonhuman populations, as Foucault once put it, "into the realm of explicit calculations." In doing so, 'new frontiers' of biopolitical inquiry are examined related to: i) species, varieties, or 'multiple modes' of governmentality and biopower; ii) critical (ecosystem) infrastructure, risk, and 'reflexive' biopolitics; iii) environmental history, colonialism, and the genealogies of biopower, and iv) the proliferation of related neologisms, such as ontopower and geontopower.

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Schmidt, Marius. "Time-Resolved Macromolecular Crystallography at Pulsed X-ray Sources." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 6 (March 20, 2019): 1401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061401.

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The focus of structural biology is shifting from the determination of static structures to the investigation of dynamical aspects of macromolecular function. With time-resolved macromolecular crystallography (TRX), intermediates that form and decay during the macromolecular reaction can be investigated, as well as their reaction dynamics. Time-resolved crystallographic methods were initially developed at synchrotrons. However, about a decade ago, extremely brilliant, femtosecond-pulsed X-ray sources, the free electron lasers for hard X-rays, became available to a wider community. TRX is now possible with femtosecond temporal resolution. This review provides an overview of methodological aspects of TRX, and at the same time, aims to outline the frontiers of this method at modern pulsed X-ray sources.

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STOVALL, TYLER. "National Identity and Shifting Imperial Frontiers: Whiteness and the Exclusion of Colonial Labor After World War I." Representations 84, no. 1 (November 1, 2003): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2003.84.1.52.

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ABSTRACT This article addresses both the specific history and the broader implications of France's expulsion of colonial labor after World War I. The article also considers questions of race, immigration, and exoticist culture during the interwar years, showing that the French fascination with the Other reflected a determination to confirm a national identity as white. The use and expulsion of colonial labor in effect transferred a central colonial focus, racial identity, to the metropole.

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Prescott, Susan L., Rachel A. Millstein, Martin A. Katzman, and Alan C. Logan. "Biodiversity, the Human Microbiome and Mental Health: Moving toward a New Clinical Ecology for the 21st Century?" International Journal of Biodiversity 2016 (August 3, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2718275.

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Advances in research concerning the brain-related influences of the microbiome have been paradigm shifting, although at an early stage, clinical research involving beneficial microbes lends credence to the notion that the microbiome may be an important target in supporting mental health (defined here along the continuum between quality of life and the criteria for specific disorders). Through metagenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and systems biology, a new emphasis to personalized medicine is on the horizon. Humans can now be viewed as multispecies organisms operating within an ecological theatre; it is important that clinicians increasingly see their patients in this context. Historically marginalized ecological aspects of health are destined to become an important consideration in the new frontiers of practicing medicine with the microbiome in mind. Emerging evidence indicates that macrobiodiversity in the external environment can influence mental well-being. Local biodiversity may also drive differences in human-associated microbiota; microbial diversity as a product of external biodiversity may have far-reaching effects on immune function and mood. With a focus on the microbiome as it pertains to mental health, we define environmental “grey space” and emphasize a new frontier involving bio-eco-psychological medicine. Within this concept the ecological terrain can link dysbiotic lifestyles and biodiversity on the grand scale to the local human-associated microbial ecosystems that might otherwise seem far removed from one another.

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Ray, Nirban. "FROM STATE TO STATELESS AND THEN COMING BACK TO STATE AGAIN: THE CURIOUS CASE OF KOCH BIHAR/COOCH BEHAR/KAMATAPUR." SOCIETY AND CULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA 2, no. 1 (2022): 109–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/scdi.2022.v02i01.08.

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The fundamental concern in attempting to understand the state in India or the Indian state can be said to revolve around a shift, a transfer or shifting of the state from the Mughals to the Britishers. Various attempts have been made to understand or examine this shift from Mughal sovereignty and governance to that of British forms. By means of this examination, in fact, attempts have been made to understand fundamentally the very idea of ‘state’ in an Indian or more so in an Asian context. This paper will focus upon the shifting of the state in the Bengal borderland or frontiers and its implications on smaller, native (princely) and peripheral states. In other words, beginning with the bigger, major, fundamental concerns of state in India, I will in this paper eventually delve into the concerns of smaller, minor states, standing in the periphery of Indian territory and in the frontiers of Asian nation-states. In the context of African Tribal societies, Aidon Southal invented a new form of state called the ‘segmentary state’. Burton Stein, while working on the pre-colonial state including the Mughal state, elaborates the concept of ‘segmentary state’ by means of the case examples of the Southern states of Chola and Vijayanagara. Taking the clue from Southal, Stein asserts that the Chola and Vijayanagara regime or these states were not states in terms of real power but, it didn’t stop them from being a state nonetheless- although only nominally. In other words, the concept of ‘segmentary state’ focuses upon states within a state. It aims to understand the nature of state from the perspective of the periphery. The analysis and approach to understand the state from the perspective of the periphery differs fundamentally from the analysis or approach which seeks to understand the state from above or from the mainland. In this paper, I will elaborate this, first by an exploration of the state of Bengal, then, moving towards the periphery through an exploration of the Ahom state and finally, I will solely focus on the case of the Koch Bihar/Cooch Behar/Kamatapur state, which this study considers as a peculiar case from the periphery of the periphery.

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Konstantopoulos, Gina. "The Disciplines of Geography: Constructing Space in the Ancient World." Journal of Ancient Near Eastern History 4, no. 1-2 (June 26, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/janeh-2017-0012.

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AbstractThis article serves as introduction to a special double issue of the journal, comprised of seven articles that center on the theme of space and place in the ancient world. The essays examine the ways in which borders, frontiers, and the lands beyond them were created, defined, and maintained in the ancient world. They consider such themes within the context of the Old Assyrian period, the Hittite empire, and the Neo-Assyrian empire, as well as within the broader scope of Biblical texts and the Graeco-Roman world. As we only see evidence of a documented, physical, and thus fixed map in the later stages of Mesopotamian history, the ancient world primarily conceived of space through mental maps rather than physical ones. Thus, while the societies of the ancient Near East integrated knowledge gained by actual contact with distant lands into their world view, it was also informed by the literary conceptions of those same spaces. These mental maps were unsurprisingly prone to shifting over time, changing as the social conceptions of the world itself, its border and frontiers, the lands that lay beyond them and how those places might be defined, also changed. These papers question the intersection of concrete and fantastical, or real and imagined, that existed in both the ancient and pre-modern world, where distant locations become elaborately embroidered by fantastical constructions, despite the concrete connections of travel, trade, and even military enterprise.

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Fuchs, Vanessa Boanada. "Chinese-driven frontier expansion in the Amazon: four axes of pressure caused by the growing demand for soy trade." Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais 20, no. 1 (May 26, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1984-7289.2020.1.34656.

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Chinese demand for the world’s commodities has the capacity to shape agricultural frontiers in many parts of the world, including the Amazon. This article is a preliminary report on findings concerning the expansion of the agricultural frontier in the Brazilian Amazon driven by increases in soybean production, extension of cropped area, cross-referenced with satellite data on deforestation rates at the smallest possible scale: the municipal level. The study identifies 21 municipalities forming fours axes of frontier expansion in the Amazon, where soycrops may be the cause for displacement deforestation, as it is the case of cattle ranching. Despite the Soy Moratorium, frontiers in the Amazon keep shifting. The article advocates that further research in those four axes is needed to better understand the relationship between those two industries in terms of land use as well as the socio-environmental on the ground impacts. Furthermore, the connections between those areas with present and future infrastructure development in the Amazon, many counting with direct Chinese investment, will be key to the expansion of the soy value chain, bypassing the initial goal of zero-deforestation.***Expansão de fronteira impulsionada pela China na Amazônia: quatro eixos de pressão causados pela crescente demanda pelo comércio de soja***A demanda chinesa por commodities tem capacidade para moldar fronteiras agrícolas em muitas partes do mundo, incluindo a Amazônia. Este artigo é um relatório preliminar sobre a expansão da fronteira agrícola na Amazônia brasileira, impulsionada por aumentos na produção de soja, extensão da área cultivada, cruzadas com dados de satélite sobre as taxas de desmatamento na menor escala possível: o nível municipal. O estudo identifica 21 municípios formando quatro eixos de expansão de fronteira na Amazônia, onde a lavoura de soja pode ser a causa do desmatamento indireto por deslocamento de outras atividades, como é o caso da pecuária. Apesar da Moratória da Soja, as fronteiras na Amazônia continuam mudando. O artigo defende que mais pesquisas nesses quatro eixos são necessárias para entender melhor a relação entre essas duas indústrias em termos de uso da terra, bem como os impactos socioambientais in loco. Além disso, é fundamental traçar as conexões entre esses eixos com o desenvolvimento presente e futuro de obras de infraestrutura na Amazônia, muitas delas com investimento direto chinês, para antever a expansão da cadeia de valor da soja, que pode estar ignorando de fato a intenção inicial de uma cadeia de valor de desmatamento zero.Palavras-chave: Amazônia. Fronteiras agrícolas. Desmatamento. Soja. Demandachinesa.

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Prieto, Marc, Valentina Stan, George Baltas, and Stephanie Lawson. "Shifting consumers into gear: car sharing services in urban areas." International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management 47, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 552–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijrdm-08-2018-0184.

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Purpose Recently, the sharing economy has attracted considerable attention. This emerging paradigm is driven by powerful technological forces and has the potential to change the way consumers access very important markets such as the car market. Indeed, access-based consumption may attract more participants as it enables consumers’ freedom of lifestyle and more flexible identity projects. The empirical literature has so far paid very little attention to car sharing services; when it has, it has focussed mainly on people who are already using them. The purpose of this paper is to consider the drivers behind the adoption intention of car sharing services. Design/methodology/approach A large multinational survey is carried out in three European capitals: London, Madrid and Paris. Using quota sampling, 2,159 licensed car drivers are recruited through the online panel of TNS Sofres. The sample is representative of the population of licensed car drivers in each city. The questionnaire is developed using established scales from previous research. An OLS regression analysis is performed to test our hypotheses, with a likelihood of choosing a car sharing option as the dependent variable. Findings The study demonstrates that knowledge, environmentalism, possession-self link and involvement with cars are important determinants of consumer behaviour in the car sharing services market. In addition, the user demographics suggest a target market of younger, predominantly male and urban customers. The empirical findings are consistent across the three capital cities, implying that providers can market their car sharing services in a similar manner. Practical implications As important determinants of consumer behaviour in the car sharing services market are underlined, several managerial implications arise from the study. Car sharing providers should promote awareness to help people not only to expand their experience with the service but also to be informed about the potential environmental benefits. Further, a stronger possession-self link in the automotive context is suggestive of a greater willingness to use car sharing systems. Managers should also take into account that it is much more difficult to engage individuals in car sharing services who are highly involved with car, than those who express very little attachment to the product. As people under 45 years old are far more likely to use these services, this generation effect is progressively moving the frontiers of the car retailing sector to a broader mobility service sector. Originality/value The foremost contribution of this paper is to demonstrate empirically how consumer intention to use car sharing is driven. To do so, the study addresses the general population of car drivers, interviewing users of the service as well as non-users.

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Ference, Meghan E. "‘You will build me’: fiscal disobedience, reciprocity and the dangerous negotiations of redistribution on Nairobi's matatu." Africa 91, no. 1 (January 2021): 16–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972020000820.

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AbstractThose who populate the productive frontiers of capitalism are often targets of violence by groups and institutions aiming to poach, control and regulate their economic practices. This article draws on years of ethnographic research conducted with informal transport operators in Nairobi who drive, conduct and own the minibus taxis called matatu. In order to navigate the city, this workforce engages in a coordinated but tense economic dance along the dangerous and shifting lines between illegality, work and reciprocity. The article aims to situate the more dangerous and morally ambiguous aspects of the ‘hustle economy’ ethnographically, within the generative and ultimately mobile location of urban transportation infrastructures of the matatu sector. Building on the conceptualizations of social infrastructure of AbdouMaliq Simone and Janet Roitman's study of fiscal disobedience, whereby the legitimacy of regulatory authority is questioned and undermined, matatu workers as infrastructure challenge multiple levels of state and non-state regulation through a variety of practices that blend danger, violence and control with solidarity, reciprocity and redistribution. This article evaluates and analyses distinctive features of ‘hustling’ in Nairobi through the ethnographic lens of matatu transportation operators as they navigate dangerous negotiations with the state, the police and vigilante gangs.

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Chalfin, Brenda. "Recasting maritime governance in Ghana: the neo-developmental state and the Port of Tema." Journal of Modern African Studies 48, no. 4 (November 4, 2010): 573–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x10000546.

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ABSTRACTIn Africa, as elsewhere, ports are a telling indicator of the tenor of political power and the contests and shifting fortunes among ruling groups. Glaringly evident in the long era of imperial expansion, this is equally true in the present period of late-capitalist commercial acceleration and consolidation. With a focus on Ghana's port of Tema, a leading edge of containerised trade serving a vast swath of the West African sub-region, this essay examines the struggles between state agencies, indigenous capital, and the world's leading multinational shipping and logistics firms invested in port expansion. Rather than the predicted triumph of multinational concerns, the case of Tema reveals the persistent grip of Ghana's national port authority. Deftly capitalising on its claims over land, labour and legislation, this state body also mobilises preferential access to development assistance and financial aid. The result is a port defined by the aspirations and autonomous capacities of what may be described as a neo-developmental state. Both grounded in historical precedent and fragile in its configuration of multiplex and competing interests, Tema lays bare the complex forces at stake in the revitalisation of maritime frontiers now occurring across the African continent.

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Stice, Elizabeth. "Book Review: Empires in World War I: Shifting Frontiers and Imperial Dynamics in a Global Conflict Edited by Andrew Tait Jarboe and Richard S. Fogarty." War in History 23, no. 3 (June 23, 2016): 396–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968344516637161h.

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Svermova, Pavla, Alena Kabova, Olha Starostina, and Marketa Pankova. "Human Resources and R&D at the Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation (TUL)." Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology 25, no. 1-2 (December 1, 2020): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cdem-2020-0003.

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Abstract Within the next few years, Europe’s economic paradigm will change fundamentally. Its manufacturing base will continue to shrink, and therefore future growth and social welfare will rely increasingly on knowledge-intensive industries and services, and ever more jobs will require a higher education qualification. Human resources are a core determinant of quality in higher education and research. Universities must therefore work to enhance their human potential, both qualitatively and quantitatively, by attracting, developing and keeping talent in teaching/research careers. Excellence may only emerge from a favourable professional environment based in particular on open, transparent and competitive procedures. Research and development (R&D) has proven to be a crucial factor in shifting the world’s technological frontiers, while at the same time facilitating new technological and scientific innovations. This paper will focus on R&D at the Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation at the Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic. After a description of a literary search in the introduction, the specific real situation at this institute is mentioned, i.e. the number of submitted and solved national and international projects, statistics on research and development sources, and of course human resources at the institute. In the conclusion, the reader will be able to get a picture of how to increase the institute competitiveness in international collaboration.

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Parker, John. "THE DYNAMICS OF FIELDWORK AMONG THE TALENSI: MEYER FORTES IN NORTHERN GHANA, 1934–7." Africa 83, no. 4 (October 25, 2013): 623–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000197201300048x.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines the encounter between the social anthropologist Meyer Fortes and his wife Sonia, on the one hand, and the Talensi people of northern Ghana, on the other, in the years 1934–7. Based in large part on the Forteses’ extensive corpus of recently archived field notes, diaries and other papers, it argues that the quotidian dynamics of that encounter were in many ways quite different from those of Talensi social life as enshrined in Meyer's famous published monographs. Far from entering a timeless world of enduring clanship and kinship, the Forteses grappled with a society struggling to come to terms with the forces of colonial change. The focus is on the couple's shifting relationship with two dominant figures in the local political landscape in the 1930s:TongranaNambiong, the leading Talensi chief and their host in the settlement of Tongo, andGolibdaanaTengol, a wealthy ritual entrepreneur who dominated access on the part of ‘stranger’ pilgrims to the principal oracular shrine in the adjacent Tong Hills. These two bitter rivals were, by local standards, commanding figures – yet both emerge as psychologically complex characters riddled with anxiety, unease and self-doubt. The ethnographic archive is thereby shown to offer the possibility of a more intimate history of the interior lives of non-literate African peoples on remote colonial frontiers who often passed under the radar of the state and its documentary regime.

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Greco, Elisa. "Global value relations and local labour control regimes in rice farming in Uganda and Tanzania." Organization 27, no. 2 (December 6, 2019): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350508419888902.

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This study presents evidence on the organisation of farm work in rice farming areas in Uganda and Tanzania, where farms of different scale co-exist, drawing on the same pool of workers. Here, local labour regimes have been rapidly reorganised following the creation and expansion plans of mega-farms after the global financial crisis of 2007/2008, characterised as land grabs. The synchronic comparison of two rice mega-farms is based on the history of relations of production in rice farming areas in the region. With post-crisis global restructuring, shifting global value relations have driven the reorganisation of control within the labour process in frontiers of capitalist accumulation. This article argues that local labour process and farm labour regimes are important elements in the process of mediation with global value relations in the study areas. Labour control within the labour process and local labour regimes across farm scale are at the core of the additional reasons leading local workers to see employment on mega-farms undesirable, compared to gang work on local farms of different size. Work on mega-farms, alongside its highly exploitative character, is undesirable for workers because of the tight system of disciplining at the basis of labour control, which creates conflicts with the social reproduction system. The devalorisation and exploitation of labour is enabled by disciplining and control over workers in the production process.

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Börner, Katy, Olga Scrivner, Mike Gallant, Shutian Ma, Xiaozhong Liu, Keith Chewning, Lingfei Wu, and James A. Evans. "Skill discrepancies between research, education, and jobs reveal the critical need to supply soft skills for the data economy." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 50 (December 10, 2018): 12630–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1804247115.

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Rapid research progress in science and technology (S&T) and continuously shifting workforce needs exert pressure on each other and on the educational and training systems that link them. Higher education institutions aim to equip new generations of students with skills and expertise relevant to workforce participation for decades to come, but their offerings sometimes misalign with commercial needs and new techniques forged at the frontiers of research. Here, we analyze and visualize the dynamic skill (mis-)alignment between academic push, industry pull, and educational offerings, paying special attention to the rapidly emerging areas of data science and data engineering (DS/DE). The visualizations and computational models presented here can help key decision makers understand the evolving structure of skills so that they can craft educational programs that serve workforce needs. Our study uses millions of publications, course syllabi, and job advertisements published between 2010 and 2016. We show how courses mediate between research and jobs. We also discover responsiveness in the academic, educational, and industrial system in how skill demands from industry are as likely to drive skill attention in research as the converse. Finally, we reveal the increasing importance of uniquely human skills, such as communication, negotiation, and persuasion. These skills are currently underexamined in research and undersupplied through education for the labor market. In an increasingly data-driven economy, the demand for “soft” social skills, like teamwork and communication, increase with greater demand for “hard” technical skills and tools.

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PAREDES, MARITZA. "Mario Sznajder, Luis Roniger and Carlos A. Forment (eds.), Shifting Frontiers of Citizenship: The Latin American Experience (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2013), pp. xviii + 546, €139.00; $193.00, hb." Journal of Latin American Studies 47, no. 4 (October 14, 2015): 878–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x15001133.

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Rossette-Crake, Fiona. "‘The new oratory’: Public speaking practice in the digital, neoliberal age." Discourse Studies 22, no. 5 (May 7, 2020): 571–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445620916363.

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This study discusses the paradigm shift that has occurred in public speaking practice in the first two decades of the 21st century, conceptualised under the term ‘the New Oratory’. The New Oratory is a product of the digital revolution in that it brings together formats that are typically relayed via videos uploaded to the Internet, and serves as a vector of the new, digital economy. Drawing on previous critical work linking language and discourse to what is referred to as the new economy, late or new capitalism or neoliberalism, the study focuses on two aspects of discourse practice that can be explained due to developments within the current economic climate: (1) the entrepreneurial speaker ethos that is embodied by the start-up generation of entrepreneurs, finds a resonance in Anglo communication culture and is closely linked to the neoliberal emphasis on branding; (2) the model of horizontal knowledge or information-sharing (in which the Internet has played a major role), whereby a move from specialist to non-specialist target audiences is shifting the frontiers of discourse communities and leading to their reorganisation. These two phenomena are illustrated via examples taken from two formats: the investor pitch and the three-minute-thesis presentation. The first belongs to the corporate sector, the second to academia. The study highlights the neoliberal forces at work outside the corporate sector per se which have come to influence most spheres of professional, social and personal lives, as well as the way these forces are ultimately being promoted by the emergence of a new, fairly homogeneous discursive setup.

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White, Andrew Walker. "The Reception of Aeschylus’ Plays through Shifting Models and Frontiers. Edited by Stratos E. Constantinidis. Metaforms. Boston and Leiden: Brill, 2016; pp. xv + 409. $168 cloth, $168 e-book." Theatre Survey 60, no. 2 (April 10, 2019): 298–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040557419000115.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shifting frontiers'

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