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Journal articles on the topic 'Shift work'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 May 2023

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1

Wickwire, Emerson M., Jeanne Geiger-Brown, Steven M. Scharf, and Christopher L. Drake. "Shift Work and Shift Work Sleep Disorder." Chest 151, no. 5 (May 2017): 1156–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2016.12.007.

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2

Waterhouse, J. M. "Shift work." BMJ 308, no. 6944 (June 18, 1994): 1640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.308.6944.1640b.

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3

White, C. "Older shift workers should work morning shifts." BMJ 315, no. 7115 (October 25, 1997): 1035–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1035a.

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4

Roth, Thomas. "Shift Work Disorder." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 73, no. 03 (March 15, 2012): e09. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.11073br2.

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5

Simon, Jr, Richard D. "Shift Work Disorder." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 73, no. 06 (June 15, 2012): e20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.11073br3.

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6

Partonen, Timo. "Unhealthy shift work." European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 25, no. 12 (July 18, 2018): 1291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2047487318790006.

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7

Bradley, David. "Magnetic shift work." Materials Today 16, no. 3 (March 2013): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2013.03.010.

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8

Cheng, Philip, and Christopher Drake. "Shift Work Disorder." Neurologic Clinics 37, no. 3 (August 2019): 563–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2019.03.003.

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9

Gehlert, Sarah, and Mark Clanton. "Shift Work and Breast Cancer." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 20, 2020): 9544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249544.

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The rates of shift work outside of daylight hours have increased in recent years, and nighttime shift work is now considered a potential carcinogenic occupational exposure. Light at night exposure, lower melatonin production, and the production of stress-related mediators disrupt normal sleep–wake cycles. Women who work lower-wage jobs and part-time workers whose shifts are determined entirely by their supervisors (rotating shifts) may be subject to stress related to efforts to align childcare and other needs with the unpredictable nature of rotating shift work. The causal link between breast cancer and the sleep cycle or circadian disruption are yet to be established; however, disruption of the circadian cycles by light at night exposure or chronic exposure to stress-related mediators have all been linked to the increased risk of breast cancer. We review the existing literature on shift work and breast cancer, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest future directions for research.

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Hedström, AK, T. Åkerstedt, T. Olsson, and L. Alfredsson. "Shift work influences multiple sclerosis risk." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 21, no. 9 (February 19, 2015): 1195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458514563592.

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Background: An association between working shift at a young age and subsequent risk for multiple sclerosis (MS) has been observed. Objective: To investigate whether this finding could be replicated, and to further explore the influence of age at first exposure to shift work. Methods: Using a Swedish population-based, case-control study (2337 cases and 4904 controls), the incidence of MS among subjects whom had worked shifts was compared with that of those whom had not, by calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by means of logistic regression. Results: The OR of developing MS was 1.5 (95% CI 1.2–1.8) among those whom started working shifts before age 20, whereas a less pronounced association was observed among those whom started working shifts at age 20 or later (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1–1.4). The effect of shift work was more pronounced among subjects whom had been exposed at a young age, regardless of the duration between the start of shift work and disease onset. Conclusion: Some aspects of adolescence seem to be of great importance, regarding the impact of shift work on MS risk. Circadian disruption and sleep deprivation may contribute towards explaining the association; however, the exact mechanisms behind our observations remain to be elucidated.

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Kurt Gök, Duygu, Mehmet Taylan Peköz, and Kezban Aslan. "Shift Work and Shift Work Sleep Disorders: Definition, Symptoms and Treatment." Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine 4, no. 1 (March 15, 2017): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/jtsm.54264.

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12

TAKAHASHI, Masaya, and Shigeki KODA. "From “shift work that involves circadian disruption” to “night shift work”." Industrial Health 57, no. 5 (2019): 555–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.57_500.

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13

Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Kenneth P. Wright. "Sleep Loss and Fatigue in Shift Work and Shift Work Disorder." Sleep Medicine Clinics 4, no. 2 (June 2009): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2009.03.001.

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14

Skýpalová, Renata, Martin Šikýř, and Roman Urban. "A study on employee experience with shift work." Economics & Sociology 15, no. 3 (2022): 143–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2022/15-3/8.

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Shift work has become necessary for many industries operating 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, affecting individual workers and their overall well-being. Based on a survey of 1049 shift workers of various industries, ages, and genders from all fourteen regions of the Czech Republic, the paper analyzes their experience with different shift work rosters to determine individually perceived advantages and disadvantages of shift work and discuss perspective ways of improving shift workers' well-being. The findings confirm the importance of effective and efficient shift work planning and organizing to achieve demanded work productivity, desired work-life balance and overall well-being of shift workers. The analysis confirmed a hypothesis that the preference for work shifts depends on the age of shift workers. Individually perceived negative impacts of shift work included physical fatigue, sleep disorders, or depression. These could be limited by more flexible shift work scheduling to harmonize work shifts with personal matters whenever possible and thus support shift workers' work-life balance and well-being.

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15

Skogstad, Marit, Asgeir Mamen, Lars-Kristian Lunde, Bente Ulvestad, Dagfinn Matre, Hans Christian D. Aass, Reidun Øvstebø, et al. "Shift Work Including Night Work and Long Working Hours in Industrial Plants Increases the Risk of Atherosclerosis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (February 12, 2019): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030521.

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There is an abundance of literature reporting an association between shift work and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Few studies have examined early manifestation of CVD using advanced modern methodology. We established a group of 65 shift workers and 29 day workers (controls) in two industrial plants. For the shift workers, the shift schedule includes rotating shifts with day, evening and nightshifts, some day and nightshifts lasting for 12 h. The current paper describes cross-sectional data in a study running for three years. We collected background data by questionnaire and measured blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP). We examined arterial stiffness (central blood pressure, augmentation pressure and index, and pulse wave velocity) by the use of SphygmoCor® (AtCor Medical Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia) and the carotid arteries by ultrasound. We assessed VO2max by bicycle ergometry. We applied linear and logistic regression to evaluate associations between total number of years in shift work and cardiovascular outcome measures. The day workers were older and had more pronounced arterial stiffness compared to the shift workers. Number of years as a shift worker was associated with increased carotid intima media thickness (max IMT) (B = 0.015, p = 0.009) and an elevated CRP (B = 0.06, p = 0.03). Within the normal range for this age group, VO2max was 41 (9) ml/kg/min. Rotating shift work including day and night shifts lasting up to 12 h and evening shifts are associated with CVD-risk factors. This could imply an increased risk for coronary heart disease and stroke among these workers. Therefore, preventive measures should be considered for these groups of workers in order to prevent such diseases.

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16

Ummul, Salma. "Shift Work and Fatigue." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 1, no. 3 (2012): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-0131721.

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17

Schwartz, Jonathan R. L., and Thomas Roth. "Shift Work Sleep Disorder." Drugs 66, no. 18 (2006): 2357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200666180-00007.

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18

Antunes, José. "SHIFT WORK: HEALT EFFECCTS." Psicologia, Saúde & Doença 22, no. 02 (June 2021): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.15309/21psd220207.

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19

Akinnawo, Ebenezer Olutope. "PSYCHOPATHOLOGY OF SHIFT WORK." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 17, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1989.17.1.103.

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This study examined the incidence and nature of general psychopathology among Nigerian shift workers. Three hundred and twenty subjects of both sexes were randomly selected from establishments running one type of shift or the other in Benin City, Nigeria. The Awaritefe Psychological Index (API) (Awaritefe, 1982) was used in the study. The data were analysed by 4 x 2 x 2 A NOVA supplemented Scheffe's orthogonal test of comparison. The shift workers were found to be more significantly psychopathological than the non-shift workers (p < 0.001). The prominent disorders found among the shift workers were intellectual, sleep, mood, and general somatic disorders. No significant difference could be attributed to sex and marital status of subjects. The relevance of the findings and their possible clinical implications are discussed. Recommendations for employers of shift workers and suggestions for future research are also made.

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20

Turner, M. C. "Shift work and cancer." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology, no. 9 (March 19, 2020): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-9-838-839.

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Circadian disruption and night-shift work have been associated with a range of acute and chronic health effects including cardiometabolic diseases, obesity, as well as breast and prostate cancer. Circadian disruption may also affect the health of the general population because of widespread mistimed lifestyle practices including mistimed eating and sleep patterns and increasing exposure to light-at-night and particularly blue light spectrum through the use of e-readers, LEDs and smartphones. New epidemiological evidence on the effects of circadian disruption and light-at-night in workers and the general population will be presented, and mechanisms of disease and potential preventive measures discussed.

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21

Fritschi, L. "Shift work and cancer." BMJ 339, jul15 1 (July 15, 2009): b2653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2653.

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22

SHEN, JIANHUA, LEIGH C. P. BOTLY, SHARON A. CHUNG, ALISON L. GIBBS, SKENDER SABANADZOVIC, and COLIN M. SHAPIRO. "Fatigue and shift work." Journal of Sleep Research 15, no. 1 (March 2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00493.x.

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23

Vallières, Annie, Aïda Azaiez, Vincent Moreau, Mélanie LeBlanc, and Charles M. Morin. "Insomnia in shift work." Sleep Medicine 15, no. 12 (December 2014): 1440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2014.06.021.

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24

Scott, Allene J. "SHIFT WORK AND HEALTH." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 27, no. 4 (December 2000): 1057–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70189-5.

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25

Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, Göran Kecklund, and Sven-Erik Johansson. "Shift Work and Mortality." Chronobiology International 21, no. 6 (January 2004): 1055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/cbi-200038520.

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26

Williams, Julia. "Shift work: what cost?" Journal of Paramedic Practice 4, no. 2 (February 3, 2012): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2012.4.2.112.

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27

Tamagawa, Rie, Brenda Lobb, and Roger Booth. "Tolerance of shift work." Applied Ergonomics 38, no. 5 (September 2007): 635–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2006.05.003.

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28

Åkerstedt, Torbjörn, and Lars Torsvall. "Napping in Shift Work." Sleep 8, no. 2 (June 1985): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/8.2.105.

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29

Hughes, Vickie. "Safe night-shift work." Nursing Management (Springhouse) 47, no. 8 (August 2016): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.numa.0000488857.54323.64.

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30

Wright, Kenneth P., Richard K. Bogan, and James K. Wyatt. "Shift work and the assessment and management of shift work disorder (SWD)." Sleep Medicine Reviews 17, no. 1 (February 2013): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2012.02.002.

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31

Lee, Hyuk Joo, Kyung-Lak Son, Young Rong Bang, Hong Joon Jeon, Kiheon Lee, and In-Young Yoon. "The association between shift work-related sleep complaints and shift work intolerance." Sleep and Biological Rhythms 17, no. 1 (July 20, 2018): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41105-018-0178-2.

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32

Rodriguez, Katherine M., Taylor P. Kohn, Jaden R. Kohn, John T. Sigalos, E. Will Kirby, Stephen M. Pickett, Alexander W. Pastuszak, and Larry I. Lipshultz. "Shift Work Sleep Disorder and Night Shift Work Significantly Impair Erectile Function." Journal of Sexual Medicine 17, no. 9 (September 2020): 1687–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.06.009.

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33

Gupta, Amit, Thomas Roth, Timothy Roehrs, and Christopher L. Drake. "Shift Work: A Perspective on Shift Work Disorder—Is Prevention the Answer?" Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine 15, no. 12 (December 15, 2019): 1863–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8104.

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34

Tsvetkova, Evdokiia S., Tatiana I. Romantsova, Guzel E. Runova, Nikita S. Beliaev, and Anna E. Goldshmid. "The influence of shift work on metabolic health." Obesity and metabolism 16, no. 3 (December 21, 2019): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet10015.

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Recently, the world literature has been actively discussing the effect of circadian rhythm and sleep disturbances on human metabolic health. One of the most socially significant causes of circadian disorders is the shift work schedule. Shift work schedules began to occur more often due to the high demand for flexibility and labor productivity in modern society. Shift work is characteristic of medical personnel, law enforcement officials, rescue services, transport, the media and others. Shift workers make up about 17% of all workers in Europe. Globally, approximately 2.5 billion people work in shifts. Shift work was identified as an important professional risk. The connection between work with rotation of day and night shifts with overweight and obesity, with circadian rhythms and sleep disorders was proved. The review systematizes information regarding the role of the shift chart in the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, and considers mechanisms that mediate its effect on the regulation of energy balance.

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35

Jang, Tae-Won. "Work-Fitness Evaluation for Shift Work Disorder." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (February 1, 2021): 1294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031294.

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Shift work disorder (SWD), which is characterized by insomnia and excessive sleepiness related with shift work, is one of the most common health problems in shift workers. Shift work disorder causes insomnia, fatigue, worse work performance, an increased likelihood of accidents, and a poor quality of life. In addition, SWD is associated with decreased productivity and increased economic costs. The correct management of SWD is important to prevent sleep disturbances and maintain work performance in shift workers. To diagnose and evaluate SWD, it is necessary to take detailed medical histories, assess the severity of sleep disturbances, and evaluate shift workers’ sleep using a sleep diary and actigraphy. The work-fitness evaluation should include recommendations on how shift workers can reduce their sleep disturbances and increase work performance, as well as the assessment of work performance. This paper reviews previous research on the evaluation, diagnosis, and management of SWD and summarizes the work-fitness evaluation of SWD.

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36

Silva, Isabel, and Daniela Costa. "Consequences of Shift Work and Night Work: A Literature Review." Healthcare 11, no. 10 (May 12, 2023): 1410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101410.

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Nonstandard work schedules such as shift work and night work tend to trigger problems for workers in different areas. To illustrate the diversity of areas affected and the relative interest of the scientific community, we conducted a literature review of the effects of shift work and night work on workers. In particular, we intended to identify the main variables addressed in the field of health, the family sphere, and the organizational context. The literature review was carried out using the Web of Science with the following terms: “shift work”, “rotating shifts”, and “night work”. Inclusion criteria incorporated empirical studies and articles written in Portuguese or English published in 2019. We selected 129 of the 619 articles identified. Regarding the impacts of shift work and night work, there existed a high discrepancy of focus between the three defined areas: health, family life, and organizational context. Specifically, health-related variables were the most studied (83.4%), followed by organizational variables (9.2%), and, lastly, family variables (7.4%). Based on these results, it is essential to extend the study of the two underrepresented impacts to other crucial areas, not only for the worker but also for organizations.

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37

GD, Salmun. "Shift Work and Clinical Applications of Time-Restricted Eating." Food Science & Nutrition Technology 5, no. 2 (March 4, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/fsnt-16000214.

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Circadian rhythms refer to the oscillations of biological systems in synchrony with the 24-hour light/dark (LD) cycles of the earth. Mammalian circadian rhythms are coordinated by an array of endogenous “clocks” entrained by environmental inputs (zeitgebers), such as sunlight, locomotion, and food intake. Physiological states including energy balance, sleep-wake cycles, body temperature, and hormonal homeostasis, are all tightly regulated by endogenous circadian clocks. The primary controller of circadian rhythms is located centrally in the Suprachiasmatic Nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus, which is directly entrained by UV light signals coming from the sun. Peripheral circadian rhythms are directly modulated by behaviors such as locomotion and feeding behavior. A lack of coordination between the LD cycles of earth and behavioral activity results in systemic perturbations, ultimately resulting in metabolic dysfunction. This lack of coordination is likely responsible for the elevated prevalence of metabolic syndrome observed in night-shift workers, due to the misalignment of their activity patterns with the LD cycles of earth. The common trend of night-shift workers adopting a schedule of 3 days on, 4 days off followed by 4 days on, 3 days off may be the biggest driver of their increased risk of developing metabolic dysfunction. By constantly rotating between a nocturnal and diurnal sleeping pattern, their central and peripheral clocks fall into a state of perpetual arrhythmicity. While this type of schedule is provided to maintain social normalcy for the individual, it is detrimental to the functional rhythmicity of their circadian clocks. For this reason, night-shift workers may enact a time-restricted eating protocol in which food intake is restricted to a limited window of time every day. While disruption of the central circadian clock in the SCN is inevitable due to nighttime blue light exposure in these workers, maintaining a highly consistent feeding pattern may attenuate in part the negative consequences of such exposure by restoring rhythmicity in peripheral clocks. This type of feeding strategy may also be exploited by non-night shift workers, as the ubiquity of technology inevitably results in chronic blue light exposure during the intended dark phase of many humans in modern society. In doing so, circadian rhythmicity of key metabolic factors may be restored, thereby optimizing metabolic health and limiting the risk of developing chronic disease.

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38

Haun, Verena C., and Anja Baethge. "The Moderating Role of Work-Related Rumination in Nurses’ Sleep Quality Trajectory During Morning Shift Work." Journal of Personnel Psychology 19, no. 4 (October 2020): 151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000247.

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Abstract. This diary study investigated nurses’ recovery after transitioning to morning shift work (i.e., their short-term adaptation to shift work) by examining the change trajectory of sleep quality over the course of five consecutive morning shifts. Results of latent growth analyses ( N = 132) showed that nurses’ sleep quality started at low levels and increased rapidly in the beginning until it stabilized toward the end of the shift work period. Moreover, work-related rumination moderated the sleep quality trajectory. When rumination was low, nurses’ sleep quality showed a quadratic trajectory, whereas when rumination was high, sleep quality showed a flatter and linear trajectory, suggesting that rumination impedes recovery after the transition and adaptation to morning shift work.

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39

Casjens, Swaantje, Frank Brenscheidt, Anita Tisch, Beate Beermann, Thomas Brüning, Thomas Behrens, and Sylvia Rabstein. "Social jetlag and sleep debts are altered in different rosters of night shift work." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): e0262049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262049.

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Background Night and shift work are suspected to cause various adverse effects on health and sleep. Sleep deprivation through shift work is assumed to be compensated on free days. So far it is not clear how different shift systems and shift lengths affect sleep structure on work and free days. Especially working night shifts disrupts the circadian rhythm but also extended working hours (12h) might affect sleep characteristics. Hitherto, the magnitude of sleep debt, social jetlag, and Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) in different shift systems is unknown. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of five different shift rosters on sleep in 129 industrial workers from Germany. Permanent night work with multiple shift systems with and without night shifts and with different shift lengths were compared. Wrist-activity was monitored over 28 days revealing sleep on- and offsets as well as LIDS as proxy for sleep quality. Overall, 3,865 sleep bouts comprising 22,310 hours of sleep were examined. Results The mean daily age-adjusted sleep duration (including naps) was 6:43h and did not differ between shift workers of different rosters. However, sleep duration on workdays was particularly low in rotational shift systems with 12h-shifts (5:00h), while overall sleep debt was highest. Shift workers showed a median absolute social jetlag of 3:03h, which differed considerably between shift types and rosters (p<0.0001). Permanent night workers had the highest social jetlag (5:08h) and latest mid-sleeps on workdays and free days. Sleep quality was reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers in other rosters and differed between daytime and nighttime sleep. Conclusions Shift work leads to partial sleep deprivation, which particularly affects workers in 12h-shifts and permanent night shifts. Working these shifts resulted in higher sleep debts and larger absolute social jetlag whereas sleep quality was especially reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers of other rosters.

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40

Niu, Shu-Fen, Nae-Fang Miao, Yuan-Mei Liao, Mei-Ju Chi, Min-Huey Chung, and Kuei-Ru Chou. "Sleep Quality Associated With Different Work Schedules: A Longitudinal Study of Nursing Staff." Biological Research For Nursing 19, no. 4 (March 15, 2017): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800417695483.

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Purpose: To explore the differences in sleep parameters between nurses working a slow, forward rotating shift and those working a fixed day shift. Method: A longitudinal parallel-group comparison design was used in this prospective study. Participants (female) were randomly assigned to a rotating shift or a fixed day shift group. Participants in the rotating shift group worked day shift for the first 4 weeks, followed by evening shift for the second and night shift the third. Those in the day shift group worked day shift for all 12 weeks. Each kept a sleep diary and wore an actigraph (actigraph data were used to calculate total sleep time [TST], sleep onset latency [SOL], wake after sleep onset [WASO], and sleep efficiency [SE]) for 12 days, from Workday 1–4 in each of Weeks 4, 8, and 12. Results: TST in nurses working evening rotating shift was higher than that for those working the day or night rotating shift and fixed day shift. WASO was significantly longer on Day 2 for rotating shift participants working evening versus day shift. SOL and SE were significantly shorter and lower in rotating shift nurses working night versus both day and evening shifts. Conclusions: A comprehensive understanding of the sleep patterns and quality of nurses with different work shifts may lead to better management of work shifts that reduces the influence of shift work on sleep quality.

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Peterson, Scott A., Alexander P. Wolkow, Steven W. Lockley, Conor S. O'Brien, Salim Qadri, Jason P. Sullivan, Charles A. Czeisler, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam, and Laura K. Barger. "Associations between shift work characteristics, shift work schedules, sleep and burnout in North American police officers: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (November 2019): e030302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030302.

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ObjectivesTo examine associations between shift work characteristics and schedules on burnout in police and whether sleep duration and sleepiness were associated with burnout.MethodsPolice officers (n=3140) completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, personal accomplishment) and self-reported shift schedules (irregular, rotating, fixed), shift characteristics (night, duration, frequency, work hours), sleep duration and sleepiness.ResultsIrregular schedules, long shifts (≥11 hours), mandatory overtime, short sleep and sleepiness were associated with increased risk of overall burnout in police. Police working a greater frequency of long shifts were more likely to have emotional exhaustion (adjusted OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.72) than those not working long shifts. Night shifts were associated with depersonalisation (1.32, 1.05 to 1.66) compared with not working nights. Police working mandatory overtime had increased risk of emotional exhaustion (1.37, 1.14 to 1.65) than those who did not. Compared with fixed schedules, irregular schedules were associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation (1.91, 1.44 to 2.54 and 1.39, 1.02 to 1.89, respectively). Police sleeping <6 hours were more likely to have emotional exhaustion (1.60, 1.33 to 1.93) than those sleeping longer, and excessive sleepiness was associated with emotional exhaustion (1.81, 1.50 to 2.18).ConclusionsIrregular schedules and increased night shifts, sleep disturbances and work hours were related to higher burnout risk in police. Future research should evaluate work schedules in law enforcement that optimise shift duration and frequency, and increase consistency in scheduling and control over work hours to limit burnout in police.

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42

Steenland, Kyle, and Larry Fine. "Shift work, shift change, and risk of death from heart disease at work." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 29, no. 3 (March 1996): 278–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199603)29:3<278::aid-ajim8>3.0.co;2-m.

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43

Fradkin, Ludmila, Olga Raz, and Mona Boaz. "Nurses who work rotating shifts consume more energy, macronutrients and calcium when they work the night shift versus day shift." Chronobiology International 36, no. 2 (November 5, 2018): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1538155.

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44

Zuraida, Rida. "Tingkat Kelelahan Pengemudi Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) Jakarta Berdasarkan Swedish Occupational Fatigue Index (SOFI)." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v6i2.2267.

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Fatigue is a common situation experienced by everyone, but until now a simple measuring tools universally accepted is not exist. Fatigue measurement instrument most widely used is an instrument-based questionnaire. This study used the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Index (SOFI) as one of the instrument to measure BRT driver’s fatigue. The aim is to evaluate physical mental, and shift work fatigue and provide an overview of fatigue levels experienced by the driver BRT on two different shifts. Hopefully it can be used for driver fatigue management by a company. The study was conducted for two different shifts (morning and afternoon), with a total participants are 30 drivers. Results showed that motivation level of shift 2-driver is lower after they finish their work compared to shift1-driver. In shift 1, generally available time to rest,socializing and hanging out with family is longer than available time for shift 2-driver. Perception of loss of energy after work is also higher in shift 2 compared to shift 1, especially the perception of feeling exhausted. Similar results were obtained in the physical aspect and the physical exertion and physical discomfort. Therefore we can conclude the work shift has affected fatigue level experienced by the driver's BRT, and shift rotation is suggested to help the driver to recuperate.

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Brajović, Zorica, Milka Bogdanović, Branka Šuštran, Mirjana Milanović-Čabarkapa, and Vesna Bogdanović. "Effects on health of shift and night shift work." Zdravstvena zastita 36, no. 1 (2007): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zz0703043b.

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d’Ettorre, Gabriele, and Vincenza Pellicani. "Preventing Shift Work Disorder in Shift Health-care Workers." Safety and Health at Work 11, no. 2 (June 2020): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2020.03.007.

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Tian, Fangyuan, Hongxia Li, Shuicheng Tian, Jiang Shao, and Chenning Tian. "Effect of Shift Work on Cognitive Function in Chinese Coal Mine Workers: A Resting-State fNIRS Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 4217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074217.

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Aim: Pilot study to examine the impact of shift work on cognitive function in Chinese coal mine workers. Background: Shift work is commonly used in modern industries such as the coal industry, and there is growing concern over the impact that shift work has on miners’ work performance and personal well-being. Method: A total of 54 miners working three shifts (17 in morning shift, 18 in afternoon, and 19 in night shift) participated in this exploratory study. A resting-state fNIRS functional connectivity method was conducted to assess the cognitive ability before and after the work shift. Results: Results showed significant differences in cognitive ability between before and after the work shifts among the three-shift workers. The brain functional connectivity was reduced ranking as the night, afternoon, and morning shifts. Decreased brain functional connectivity at the end of the working shift was found compared with before in the morning and afternoon shifts. Opposite results were obtained during the night shift. The resting-state functional brain networks in the prefrontal cortex of all groups exhibited small-world properties. Significant differences in betweenness centrality and nodal local efficiency were found in the prefrontal cortex in the morning and night shifts. Conclusions: The current findings provide new insights regarding the effect of shift work on the cognitive ability of Chinese coal mine workers from the view of brain science.

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Zhang, Shengkui, Yongbin Wang, Zhende Wang, Han Wang, Chao Xue, Qinglin Li, Weijun Guan, and Juxiang Yuan. "Rotating night shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among steelworkers in China: a cross-sectional survey." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 77, no. 5 (February 4, 2020): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2019-106220.

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ObjectivesIn a 24/7 society, the negative metabolic effects of rotating night shift work have been increasingly explored. This study aimed to examine the association between rotating night shift work and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in steelworkers.MethodsA total of 6881 subjects was included in this study. Different exposure metrics of night shift work including current shift status, duration of night shifts (years), cumulative number of night shifts (nights), cumulative length of night shifts (hours), average frequency of night shifts (nights/month) and average length of night shifts (hours/night) were used to examine the relationship between night shift work and NAFLD.ResultsCurrent night shift workers had elevated odds of NAFLD (OR, 1.23, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.48) compared with those who never worked night shifts after adjustment for potential confounders. Duration of night shifts, cumulative number of night shifts and cumulative length of night shifts were positively associated with NAFLD. Both the average frequency of night shifts (>7 nights/month vs ≤7 nights/month: OR, 1.24, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.45) and average length of night shifts (>8 hours/night vs ≤8 hours/night: OR, 1.27, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.51) were independently associated with overall NAFLD after mutually adjusting for the duration of night shifts and other potential confounders among night shift workers. No significant association was found in female workers between different exposure metrics of night shift work and NAFLD.ConclusionsRotating night shift work is associated with elevated odds of NAFLD in male steelworkers.

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Koh, Dong-Hee, Ju-Hyun Park, Seo-Hyun Yoon, and Hyun-Joo Kim. "O4A.4 The relationship between shift work and sleep disturbance in hospital workers." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A33.1—A33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.88.

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IntroductionMany hospital workers suffer from sleep disturbance due to shift work. The best way to mitigate the problem would be reducing night shift. However, that is commonly impossible in reality. Thus, we aimed to examine the factors associated with sleep disturbance and suggest better-rotating schedules for hospital workers.MethodsWe used sleep questionnaires asking sleep disturbance including sleep onset and maintenance problems for measuring health outcomes. Also, We obtained a duty schedule of the workers for assessing exposure. We examined the effect of the pattern of shift schedule and amount of night shifts on sleep disturbance.ResultsA total of 590 workers participated in this study. Female (95%) 3-rotating shift (92%) workers dominated. For workshift pattern, two consecutive night shifts increased the risk of sleep maintenance problem significantly. For the amount of night shift, two or more night shifts per week increased the risk of sleep onset problem significantly.ConclusionOur results suggest that avoding consecutive night shifts and restricting night shift to one time per week would be helpful to prevent sleep disturbance in hospital workers.

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Chawla, Devika. "Diversity Work as Second Shift." Journal of Autoethnography 2, no. 1 (2021): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/joae.2021.2.1.103.

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