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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Shia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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1

Elbadri, Rachid. "Shia rituals the impact of Shia rituals on Shia socio-political character." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/theses/2009/Mar/09Mar%5FElbadri.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Middle East, South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2009.
Thesis Advisor(s): Kadhim, Abbas ; Baylouny, Anne M. "March 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on April 23, 2009. Author(s) subject terms: Shia, Ashura rituals, Battle of Karbala, Shia Schism, majalis al-ta'ziya, ziyarat Ashura, ziyarat arba'in, al-mawakib al-husayniyya, tashabih, zangeel, latm, qira'ah, qari or khateeb, niyahah, Shia procession, self-flagellation, Emile Durkheim, Khomeini, Sistani, Motahhari. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-87). Also available in print.
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2

Friberg, Linus. "Läroböcker och Shia-islam." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74303.

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This essay has focused on the presentation of shia-islam in textbooks. It is a study of textbooks for lower secondary school and has analysed three different textbooks. The essay looks into what the textbooks and its authors writes about shia-islam and what information they leave out. The essay studies previous research on Islam in textbooks and other textbook studies. It focuses also on shia-islam as a whole and provides a description of various elements of shia-islam that are not present in the textbooks. Elements such as the shia-islams pillars of faith and the role of the imams in shia. These elements of shia-islam are elements of such nature that they could have been a part of the textbook since they differ from the sunni-islam point of view. These parts of islam are presented in the textbooks but solely from the sunni-muslim perspective. The essay analyses the textbook in form and content and conclude what difficulties the description of shia-islam offers.
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3

Alhabib, Mohammad E. "The Shia Migration from Southwestern Iran to Kuwait: Push-Pull Factors during the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_theses/41.

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This study explores the “push-pull” dynamics of Shia migration from southwestern Iran (Fars, Khuzestan and the Persian Gulf coast) to Kuwait during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Although nowadays Shias constitute thirty five percent of the Kuwaiti population and their historical role in building the state of Kuwait have been substantial, no individual study has delved into the causes of Shia migration from Iran to Kuwait. By analyzing the internal political, economic, and social conditions of both regions in the context of the Gulf sheikhdoms, the British and Ottoman empires, and other great powers interested in dominating the Gulf region, my thesis examines why Shia migrants, such as merchants, artisans and laborers left southwestern Iran and chose Kuwait as their final destination to settle. The two-way trade between southwest Iran and Kuwait provided a pathway for the Shia migrants and settlers into Kuwait. Moreover, by highlighting the economic roles of the Shia community in Kuwait, my thesis enhances our understanding of the foundation and contributions of the Shia community in Kuwait. Thus it fills a significant gap in Kuwaiti historiography. The research for this thesis draws from a variety of primary sources, including British government documents, the writing of western travelers, the Almatrook business archive, and oral-history interviews with descendants of Shia immigrants to Kuwait.
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4

Jiwani, Nisara. "Shia Muslim Canadian women's discursive constructions of physical activity." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28060.

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The purpose of this thesis was to explore young Shia Muslim Canadian women's discursive constructions of physical activity in relation to Islam and the Hijab. The aims of the study were primarily informed by feminist poststructuralist and postcolonial theories. Qualitative methods were favored and poststructuralist discourse analysis was used to analyze the transcripts of conversations with 10 young Hijab-wearing Shia Muslim women residing in the Ottawa or Toronto regions. The results show that the participants discursively constructed physical activity in terms of being physically active (involved in fitness activities rather than sport), feeling good about themselves (i.e., being physically and mentally healthy), and losing weight or remaining "not fat." The participants were extremely heterogeneous in their ideas and experiences but, nevertheless, a majority mentioned that they would choose Islam over physical activity if they had to make a choice between the two. Wearing the Hijab while participating in physical activity was seen by most as difficult and limiting but, in the end, neither the Islamic religion nor the Hijab were considered barriers to physical activity. Participants strongly resisted the Islamophobic discourse present in Canada, they appealed to a discourse dominant in their own communities that presents a relatively progressive interpretation of the Quran and they constructed themselves as modern Muslim subjects yet they located themselves within a dominant gendered/religious discourse on women and physical activity. In the end, the young Shia Muslim women appropriated an intersectional discourse that legitimates their refusal to choose between their right to religious freedom and their right to physical activity.
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5

Dayerizadeh, Raheleh. "“Neither East nor West”: Shia Women Negotiating Gender Norms in America." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7140.

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With growing hostilities towards the Ummah (Muslim global community and Diaspora) in Western countries and the fear of Sharia laws, the socialization of international human rights norms within religious institutions, makes for a timely case study. Specifically, this dissertation project aims to capture the process of norm transformation at the grassroots level by investigating the religious, cultural, and social encounter between Islam and the West by interviewing Shia women at a local mosque in Florida. Critical constructivism, post-colonial feminism, and qualitative interpretive methods, are used to address the following: how practicing Shia women are navigating between competing liberal gender equality and traditional Islamic gender complementarity norms in regards to women’s rights and status in society? How are they self-identifying themselves and consciously picking and choosing what gender norms to follow and practice and teach the next generation? Finally, as “norm entrepreneurs,” how are these Shia women creating an alternative path which is neither purely liberal nor Islamic? It is argued that Islam is not a homogeneous religion and that Shia women are actively researching, self-reflecting, questioning, and proposing a new approach to Islamic gender norms. This dissertation seeks to show that these empowered Shia women are willfully paving a new path for more progressive Islamic gender norms centered on gender justice rather than gender equality which is still closely in line with the spirit of CEDAW, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms Discrimination against women. To improve the power dynamics of the global system which is bias in favor Western liberal norms, more focus should be put on why countries and people may oppose or challenge such norms. As such, progressive Muslims need to have their voices heard within international human rights discourses.
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6

Matthiesen, Toby. "The Shia of Saudi Arabia : identity politics, sectarianism and the Saudi state." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549178.

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7

Morady-Kolkhouran, Farhang. "Continuity and change : a study of Shia Islam and modernisation in Iran." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1993. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/555/.

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This study examines the processes of continuity and change in modern Iran,covering the period before and after the 1979 revolution, analysing the changing character of Shia Islam historically to explain Shia thinkers' perception of and response to the modern world. In making this assessment, elements of the history of Shia Islam are examined. This is to illustrate its relationship with modernity, not as a historical treatment of Islam. In explaining its relationship to modernity, this study identifies the nature of the development of the Iranian political economy - from pre-capitalism to modern capitalism - as having taken an uneven form. This unevenness is largely a consequence of the incorporation of the old mode of production into modern capitalism. The key area in this process has been the modern oil industry and its relation to the state - which emerged as a rentier state (a state which receives a huge amount of income without the need to impose high taxation), and continues to play a vital role in Iran's political economy. The uneven development is reflected in social and cultural areas, where there has not been uniformity in the integration to the world economy; rather the adaptation to new developments has been uneven. Shia Islam as an ideology has not been immune from this process: the original ideas and beliefs may be presented anew but the core survives, in the Koran, Hadith (sayings of Prophet) and traditions. Religious leaders have had to concern themselves with the transformation occurring within the community, whether at local or global level. The role of Shia thinkers becomes vital in explaining major transformation in their perceptions, promoting an understanding of modern institutions such as the nation, state and constitution. The establishment of the Islamic Republic in 1979 showed elements of both continuity and discontinuity in the perception of Shia thinkers and these are examined, in particular, concerning the role of the state and the oil industry. This continued to play a vital role after the revolution, as the state still had to obey the dictates of the world market, for the export of its oil and import, not only of necessary raw materials and capital goods for the operation of the nationalised industries, but also to provide the supply of arms required to fight its war with Iraq. Forced by these economic and political constraints, Shia thinkers' perceptions relating to modernisation continues to present itself in diverse forms.
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8

Torabi, Sam. "A Shia Muslim perspective on international studies, American globalism and the Persian Gulf." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428154.

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9

Salih, Såma. "Ett enat Irak - en förlorad dröm? : En jämförande fallstudie om förutsättningarna för ett konsociationellt Irak." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72776.

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Frågan om ett enat Irak har sedan en tid tillbaka diskuterats av såväl irakiska som utländska politiker, inte minst efter att de USA-ledda militära trupperna avtog och lämnade landet under 2011. Däremot har det varit svårt att uppnå ett enat irakiskt samhälle, sett till det faktum att landet består av många olika religiösa och etniska fraktioner som driver olika politiska agendor. Denna uppsats ämnar att jämföra hur en del utvalda villkor (avseende regerinsbildning, autonomi och representation) från Arend Lijpharts teori om konsociationalism har förändrats i Irak före och efter den kurdiska självständighetsomröstningen den 25:e september 2017. Det är en jämförande fallstudie med en kvalitativ metod. Resultatet visar att villkoret "maktbalans" inte var uppfyllt mellan 2005-2017, men att det delvis uppfylls från 2017 och framåt. Villkoret "flerpartisystem och representation" möttes till viss del mellan 2005 och några år framåt, dock inte från 2017 och framåt. Slutligen är villkoret "segmentell autonomi" uppfyllt under båda tidsperioderna, men efter det kurdiska referendumet har omständigheterna och relationerna mellan KRG och centralregeringen i Baghdad förändrats.
The issue of a united Iraq has for some time been discussed by both Iraqi and foreign politicians, not least after the US-led military troops declined and left the country during 2011. However, it has been difficult to achieve a united Iraqi society, considering the fact that the country consists of many different religious and ethnic groups that run different political agendas. This essay intends to compare how some selected conditions (regarding government formation, autonomy and representation) from Arend Lijphart’s theory of consociationalism have changed in Iraq before and after the Kurdish independence referendum the 25th of September 2017. It is a comparative case study with a qualitative approach. The result shows that the condition ”balance of power” was not fulfilled between 2005-2017, but that it is partly fulfilled from 2017 and onwards. The condition ”multi- party system and representation” was met to some extent between 2005 and a few years ahead, though not from 2017 and onwards. Lastly, the condition ”segmental autonomy” is fulfilled during both time periods, however after the Kurdish referendum, the circumstances and relations between KRG and the central government in Baghdad have altered in some ways.
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10

Khan, Hasan Ali. "Shia-Ismaili motifs in the Sufi architecture of the Indus Valley, 1200-1500 A.D." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2009. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29756/.

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The study of the relationship between Shiism and Sufism is one of the most unexplored areas of Islamic studies, which has traditionally been hindered by the lack of primary sources. This is especially so in the case of Ismailism in the Indo-Iranian world, where that denomination held sway in the latter medieval Islamic era. Fortunately, in the case of the Indus Valley, certain religious ceremonies and a number of monuments common to the medieval Ismaili da'wa (mission) and the associated Suhrawardi Sufi Order, have survived. The comparison of the religious ceremonial at the shrine of the renowned Ismaili missionary Shams, with the iconography found on contemporaneous Suhrawardi monuments yields the covert connection that had existed between them. This was through an astrological framework based on the Persian New Year, and the vice regency and succession of the first Shia Imam Ali, as declared in the last sermon of the Prophet according to all Shiism. The nature and use of this framework is necessarily Ismaili in the Indus Valley. The astrological resonances of All's vice regency and succession to Muhammad were first intercalated by Shams with the local calendar for the benefit of his followers, and subsequently used to create a transcendental multi-faith Islamic system called the Satpanth, or True Path. The application of the Satpanth is found as astrological symbolism on the monuments of the Suhrawardi Order. In addition, an unorthodox monument archetype which is common to the buildings associated with both Ismaili missionaries and Suhrawardi Sufis endorses this connection further. A combination of extant religious ceremonial and iconography, the common monument archetype and a critical re-examination of history with local sources constitutes the methodological process which shows the covert Shia-Ismaili beliefs of the Suhrawardi Order in the Indus Valley. In the present day, these monuments are at risk of being destroyed by the Pakistani state apparatus, which traditionally sees Suhrawardi Sufi heritage in a Sunni light. This pressure has been accentuated in the aftermath of the Afghan War when puritanical elements made inroads into the official bodies which manage these monuments and shrines.
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11

Andersson, Jan-Eric. "Ithna Ashery – en del av islam : en fenomenografisk jämförande studie av Ithna Ashery i Iran och Sverige." Thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för religionsvetenskap, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3649.

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Mina slutsatser i mitt arbete är att rollen som finns inom Ithna Ashery inte är homogeniserad när man jämför olika individers subjektiva upplevelse av fenomenet. Däremot om man tittar på en metanivå så kan deras roll se tämligen lika ut. Men på individnivå, som detta arbete försökt behandla, så är den subjektiva upplevelsen av rollerna olika. Det som till stor grad påverkar den subjektiva upplevelse av rollen är sådana saker som den omgivande kontexten i samhället. Men även de mål den enskilda individen har med sin roll när det gäller framtiden för individen. Det kan till exempel vara att skapa sig en dräglig tillvaro i en kommande framtid. Det religiösa motivet kan således vara sekundärt när det gäller individens val av det religiösa yrket.

En annan slutsats är att det i viss mån krävs mer av en religiös ledare inom Ithna Ashery i Sverige för att följa den utstakade teologiska vägen än för en religiös representant i Iran. Detta kan även gälla för den enskilda församlingsmedlemmen, då samhället i Sverige är sekulariserat. Konsekvensen blir att den religiösa ledaren i Sverige får uppta tid med att förklara vad som är exempelvis tillåten mat (halal) utifrån de religiösa föreskrifter som finns i koranen. Arbetet med att förklara för en församlingsmedlem vad som är tillåtet respektive förbjudet behöver inte en representant för Ithna Ashery i Iran lägga så mycket tid på. Det är för att hela den omgivande kontexten för religionsutövaren i Iran redan är anpassad och styrd av vad som är det rätta livet enligt Islam.

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12

Gårdman, Dennis. "Den Sårbara Utopin : Den tolfte imamtraditionen utifrån ett befrielseteologiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302509.

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Shi´ism intellectual history is the main subject in this bachelor thesis. Mainly the models of interpretation that arose on the basis of the doctrine of the twelfth imam, and how these have influenced politics. The Khomeini doctrine has been used as an example, and the task has been to put the doctrine into a liberation theological perspective. The definition of liberation theology that is used is from the famous liberation theologian Gustavo Gutiérrez. The paper is a presentation of the tradition of the twelfth Imam and will, as mentioned, treat a political doctrine that arose from it. It will present how Khomeini argued for his doctrine and how he claimed that this would lead to freedom of the people and the perfect society. The paper is an example of what can happen when a revolution succeeds with religion as it medium, and when the revolution is transformed from ideas to practice.
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13

Andersson, Jonas. "Is Iran an Islamic State : A Comparison between Shia Islamic Theory of State and Ayatollah Khomeini's Islamic Republic of Iran." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-9524.

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The Islamic Republic of Iran‟s alleged pursuit of nuclear missile capabilities is proving in-creasingly problematic for the international community, which places the country in a sig-nificant position in world politics. In turn, the world‟s attention towards the thirty-year-old Republic established by the late Ayatollah Khomeini has resurged. The Republic of Iran based on Ayatollah Khomeini‟s interpretation of Islam has long stood in the spotlight of both public and scholastic scrutiny, particularly due to its perceivably radical manoeuvres on the international stage. However, as the focus of these scrutinizing views has been the Iranian unwillingness to subdue and conform to western norms, the issue of the „Islamicness‟ of the Republic has been overlooked.

Hence, this thesis seeks to draw further attention to this question - whether Iran can truly be regarded as an Islamic State - in order to ensure a deeper and more accurate under-standing of the Republic of Iran. The purpose of this paper is thus to investigate and re-flect on the theory of Islamic governance promoted by Ayatollah Khomeini and the politi-cal system of the Islamic Republic through the prism of Islamic history. The theory of the Islamic State and the Shia Islamic leadership has been and continues to be central in Aya-tollah Khomeini‟s and the Islamic Republic‟s official rhetoric, being claimed as the sole foundation of the „new‟ Iranian system. In consequence, this paper delves into the Islamic theory of State and the concept of the Imamate in order to critically analyze Ayatollah Khomeini‟s theory and the Islamic Republic. This is aimed at yielding a conclusion whether Iran is justly labeled an Islamic State.

By performing this norm-fulfilling analysis of the subject in question reliant on a qualitative data collection, the thesis has found that the correlation between the two theories of Islam-ic governance is one of considerable disputability. The paper has, based on the investigated material, been able to conclude that the Islamic Republic of Iran holds a political structure lent from non-Islamic sources, but that its personnel and political field of contest can still be considered Islamic. What the paper has thus revealed is that Khomeini‟s reasoning con-stitutes a novel and unique form of Islamic fundamentalism formed in conjuncture with political ideas of modern and non-Islamic nature. Hence, the results of the study suggests that the Islamic Republic of Iran is in need of serious reconsideration as the Iranian model of Islamic governance remains a source of contention because of the significant deviations from what it claims as its sole basis.


Den Islamiska Republiken Irans påstådda strävan att uppnå kärnvapen kapacitet har visat sig vara ett stort problem för det internationella samfundet, vilket har gett landet en bety-dande position i världspolitiken. Detta har i sin tur medfört att Iran återigen har fått värl-dens uppmärksamhet riktat mot sig, endast trettio år efter Ayatollah Khomeinis upprättan-de av den Islamiska Republiken. Irans statsskick, som uteslutet bygger på Ayatollah Kho-meinis egen tolkning av Islam, har länge stått i fokus för både offentlig och akademisk granskning, i synnerhet på grund av dess tillsynes radikala manövrar på den internationella scenen. Men eftersom fokuset för denna granskning har varit Irans ovilja att rätta sig efter västerländska normer så har frågan om Irans Islamiska natur förbisetts.

Utifrån detta så ämnar denna uppsats att uppmärksamma och belysa frågan om Iran verkli-gen kan betraktas som en islamisk stat, vilken är en nödvändighet för en djupare och mer korrekt förståelse av landet. Syftet med denna studie är således att undersöka och reflektera över teorin om Islamiskt styre som Ayatollah Khomeini främjar och hans senare republik genom att jämföra dessa med deras påstådda grundpelare: Islamisk statsteori och dess le-darskap. Islamisk statsteori och det shia Islamska ledarskapet har alltid varit centralt i Aya-tollah Khomeinis och den Islamiska Republikens officiella retorik, där de hävdas vara den enda inspirationen för Irans statsskick. Detta är dock något som denna uppsats ifrågasätter, och den har därav undersökt Islamisk statsteori och dess ledarskap för att i sin tur kritiskt granska Ayatollah Khomeinis teori och den Islamska Republiken Iran. Denna studie har därav gett upphov till en slutsats om Iran är rättvist märkt ‟en Islamisk stat‟.

Denna studie har genom att utföra en norm-uppfyllande analys av ämnet i fråga, vilande på en kvalitativ datainsamling, funnit endast en vag korrelation mellan de två modellerna för Islamiskt styre. Baserat på det undersökta materialet så har studien kunnat konstatera att Iran har en politisk struktur som lånats från icke-islamiska källor, men att dess aktörer och politiska ‟spel‟ trots det är av en islamisk natur. Vad som därav har påvisats i denna uppsats är att Ayatollah Khomeinis teori och stat utgör en ny och unik form av Islamisk fundamen-talism som skapats i konjunktur med moderna och icke-islamiska idéer. Resultaten av den-na undersökning indikerar på så vis att den Islamiska Republiken Iran är i behov av en om-prövning i förhållande till dess Islamiska natur, vilket är speciellt tydligt då Iran visar prov på betydande avvikelser från dess påstådda grundpelare.

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Moosavinia, Haamed. "The relations between human rights ans islamic rights in domains of private law (with a critical view of Iran law ans Shia religious Rights)." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3020.

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Dans les deux siècles précedents, avec l’accélération des progrès scientifiques de l’homme, le droit tel d’autres domaines scientifiques a eu des évolutions et progrès. Une d’entre celles est le progrès considérable du droit de l’Homme en tant qu’une branche de droit. Tant qu’il semble dans plusieurs sociétés la déclaration des droits de l’Homme et ses enseignements se sont remplacé au lieu sublime et respectable des enseignements religieux et des textes divins. Dans telles situations il est évident dans les cas où il y a une contradiction entre les enseignements religieux et celles du droit de l’Homme cela produit des litiges et des conflits entre eux. En étudiant les matières litigieuses éventuelles entre les principes du droit de l’Homme et les enseignements et instructions religieuses, notamment le figh chiite, dans le domaine du droit privé et l’étude des lois de la république islamique d’Iran - connu comme un gouvernement religieux qui conforme son droit avec le figh chiite - dans ce domaine il semble que les contradiction existant dans les plusieurs cas n’est pas le résultat inévitable et sûr de la croyance solide à la religion et à l’école (chiite) mais seulement il est la répercussion d’une façon de vue spéciale er des interprétations radicales des enseignements religieux
In the last two centuries, the science of law as well as other scientific disciplines has made significant developments. One of them is the recognition of human rights. Undoubtedly, today human rights issue is considered as one of the main concerns of the international legal community. As far as it seems in many communities, Universal Declaration of Human Rights and human rights teaching, replaced some scriptures and religious teachings which had high status and respectful position in the past. Considering this reality, it is obvious that dispute and conflict occurs between the activists of the two domains!. By studying the possible conflicts between human rights principles and Shiite religious teachings (One of the Islamic schools) in the area of private law, and the study of the internal laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran- As a theocracy which approved and set its rules in accordance and comply with the Shia principles - In this field, it seems that the existing conflicts in many cases, is not the inevitable result of belief in Islam and adherence and obligation to the Shia principles, but as a result of a specific look and a radical interpretation of religious teachings
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Mousa, Jenny. "Historiebruk som vapen : En studie om IS historiebruk i tidskrifterna Dabiq & Rumiyah." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-42790.

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I den här studien presenteras undersökning som gjorts inom ramen för ett historiebruk med fokus på IS tidskrifter, där en textanalytisk undersökningsmetod har legat till grund för studien. Syftet med denna analys har varit att undersöka Islamiska statens historiebruk i tidskrifterna Dabiq och Rumiyah med tonvikt på dess motståndare. Frågeställningar som denna studie har behandlat sammanfattas enligt följande: • Hur använder IS historien för att rättfärdiga sitt handlande gentemot sina motståndare? • Hur och vilka framställs som motståndare i IS tidskrifter? • Vilka kopplingar finns det i IS tidskrifter mellan vår nutid och händelser i vår dåtid? Studien har visat hur IS historiebruk har påverkat synen på motståndarna. Med IS tidskrifter har det historiska vapnet kunnat användas genom historiska texter, händelser, ord samt personer. Således har IS skräck-propaganda påverkat individers tolkning av historiska källor där haditherna samt Koranens relevans har bidragit till motståndarnas exekution. Med hjälp av historia kan organisationen ifrågasätta motståndarnas tro för att stärka sin egen ideologi. Artiklarna använder historiska ord för att stärka föraktet men även bygga upp en gemensam tradition där historiebruket rättfärdigar handlandet mot motståndarna. Resultatet visar att motståndarbilden består av korsfarare, shiamuslimer, murtaddin samt mushrikin som med hjälp av ett historiebruk ur islams historia stärker IS identitet samt tillväxt.
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Teh, Li Shia [Verfasser], Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Möllers, and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Debener. "Genetic variation and inheritance of phytosterol and oil content in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) / Li Shia Teh. Gutachter: Christian Möllers ; Thomas Debener. Betreuer: Christian Möllers." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1065882572/34.

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17

Mirzakhani, Arvin. "Mellanösterns kalla krig : En förklarande fallstudie om Iran och Saudiarabiens rivalitet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-67390.

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This paper has two purposes. The first one is to explain the rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia by analyzing four cases which has brought about and consolidated their power struggle. This gives the reader a historic background of the two countries relations, underlying reasons for their rivalry and a greater picture of their interests in the Middle East. It also leads up to the second purpose, which is to in depth examine Iran and Saudi Arabia’s foreign policy in Yemen, the latest conflict between the two countries. The papers research design is a qualitative case study with realism as its theoretical framework. The paper concludes that the Iranian revolution set off the rivalry due to Iran’s willingness to export its revolution and its Shia ideology to neighboring countries in the region. Saudi Arabia’s support to Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War helped contain Iran’s hegemonic ambitions and made Saudi Arabia the most dominant power in the Middle East. In Syria, Iran has a lot at stake if the regime falls, which is why Saudi Arabia is trying to topple Bashar Al-Assad. The execution of Nimr al-Nimr further deteriorated tensions between Iran and Saudi Arabia. in Yemen, Iran seeks to expand its power to the Arabian Peninsula, whereas Saudi Arabia seeks to push out Iranian influence and regain its dominance.
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Reisinezhad, Arash. "Geopolitical Account of Iran's Ties with Non-State Actors under the Shah: 1958-1979." FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3196.

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Late in 2004, King Abdullah of Jordan coined a controversial phrase that still dominates the heart of the geopolitics of the Middle East: The Shia Crescent. “If pro-Iran parties or politicians dominate the new Iraqi government, a new ‘crescent’ of dominant Shia movements or governments stretching from Iran into Iraq, Syria, and Lebanon could emerge to alter the traditional balance of power between the two main Islamic sects and pose new challenges to U.S. interests and allies. What the King of Jordan saw as a threat, Iran saw as the bedrock of its newfound regional power. However, what the King of Jordan and his Arab-Sunni aides downplayed was Iran’s ties with non-Shia groups, ranging from Sunni parties to secular and even non-Muslim groups. More importantly, they neglected Iran’s presence in the Middle East before the 1979 Islamic Revolution. In fact, the seeming omnipresence of Iran’s proxies in the Middle East is not a recent, nuanced phenomenon; rather, it dated back to the Shah’s foreign policy in making connections with both the Iraqi Kurds and Shia Lebanese. While much ink has been spilled on Iran’s foreign policy under the Islamic Republic, there has been a void in the analysis of Iran’s ties with Non-State Actors (NSAs) in the pre-1979 Revolution Era. v From this point of view, the present study is an attempt to set forth a new understanding of the emergence and fluctuation of Iran’s ties with NSAs at the heart of the Middle East during the Shah’s era. I will accomplish this by identifying the Iran-NSA relationships within an examination of the larger historical context of state-NSA relationships in the region. Here, the story of the evolution of Iran’s ties with NSAs can be narrated as the unfolding of constant interaction between states and non-state forces in the Middle East. Analyzed from this perspective, my research examines the actors, processes, and mechanisms that Iran has used to construct ties with NSAs from 1961 until 1979. “What actors and processes at what levels of analysis and through what mechanisms have constructed Iran’s ties with NSAs?” This is the central question that guides the analytical narrative in the present survey. Therefore, the dependent variable for this research is the evolution of Iran’s ties with NSAs, while the intervening variable is a set of actors and processes that have brought about such sub-state ties. In this framework, the proposed work will undertake these main tasks: A) Tracing the history of the ebbs and flows within Iran’s ties with non-state actors through a geopolitical lens. B) Explaining how Iran’s ties with non-state actors unfolded and understanding why Iran’s proxies evolved in the way they did. C) AssessingthebroadcontoursoftheevolutionarytrajectoryofIran’stieswithNSAs and its possible future path(s) for the geopolitics of the Middle East and its regional balance of power.
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Koşulu, Deniz. "Sociologie politique d'une communauté chiite minoritaire : les Caferis de Turquie, 1978-2015." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0246.

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A partir d’une enquête ethnographique menée entre 2009 et 2015 dans les villes de Kars, Iǧdɪr et Istanbul, cette thèse étudie les conditions et les dynamiques de constitution et de mobilisation de la communauté chiite duodécimaine de Turquie, dite caféri, en contexte urbain. Plus particulièrement, nous étudions l’histoire sociale et politique de la communauté et nous analysons dans quelle mesure et comment cette communauté se transforme en mouvement sous l’appellation de Zeynebiye Hareketi. Les Caféris qui s’installent dans les quartiers populaires stambouliotes expérimentent la condition minoritaire de leur confession religieuse en contexte urbain, et se mettent à créer des associations pour la construction des mosquées chiites dans ces quartiers majoritairement sunnites. La réintroduction des commémorations d’Aşura dans l’espace public stambouliote par ces associations révèle les effets politisant de cette pratique rituelle religieuse pour un groupe chiite minoritaire. La migration, les nouveaux contextes d’interaction et l’expérience associative ont un effet décisif sur les trajectoires individuelles et sur le type d’identification et de différenciation ethnique, confessionnel et politique des Caféris. L’étude de l’évolution de la politisation des Caféris démontre les stratégies d’adaptation d’un groupe minoritaire confessionnel aux différents moments des politiques répressives de l’État et nous dévoile le fonctionnement d’un régime politique de type sécuritaire (jusqu’en 2015) vulnérabilisant les divers groupes minoritaires qui peuvent développer des réflexes ambigus de rapprochement et de méfiance envers l’État
As a product of an ethnographic field study that we conducted on Twelver Shias (Caferis) in Kars, in Igdir and in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015, our thesis analyses the construction of the new urban Caferi community and the different moments of its politicization process since 1978
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Gholamizadeh, Behbahani Shirin. "The sociological reasons of the emergence of "New Spiritual Trainings" in Iran : from a "captured religion" to a "harbored religion"." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG015.

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Cette thèse de doctorat discute trois questions principales. Tout d'abord, notre recherche atteste l’augmentation des nouveaux phénomènes religieux en Iran. Ensuite, elle les examine afin de découvrir leurs caractéristiques. Enfin, après avoir choisi l’appellation "New Spiritual Trainings" pour les identifier, cette étude analyse les raisons sociologiques derrière leur émergence dans la société iranienne. De ces analyses découle la thèse principale de notre propos: en analysant sociologiquement les conflits religieux au sein de la société iranienne, nous mettons l'accent, d'une part, sur la démonstration du processus de capture et de cristallisation de la religion par les institutions politiques en religion d'État et, d'autre part, sur la décristallisation de la religion par les individus à travers laquelle la notion de la "religion abritée" sera théorisée
This research discusses three principle questions; firstly proving the rise of the new religious phenomena through the inquiry in Iran; secondly this research examines carefully the new religious phenomena appearing in Iranian society in order to discover their characteristics and find a suitable term to typify them. After selecting the label of “New Spiritual Trainings” (NSTs) for identifying such new phenomena, this study analyzes the sociological reasons behind this emergence in Iranian society. The main thesis of this dissertation is sociological analyses of religious conflicts within current Iranian society and also demonstrating the process by which religion is captured and crystallized into an official State religion by political institutions on one hand and de-crystallized by individuals on the other hand through which the concept of “harbored religion” will be theorized
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Fu, Shiu Yun. "The relationship between culture, attitude, social networks and quality of life in midlife Australian and Taiwanese men and women." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16408/1/Shiu-Yun_Fu_Thesis.pdf.

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Background of the Study The aims of this study was to specifically investigate the differences in culture, attitude towards life and social networks between Australian and Taiwanese men and women in addition to determining the factors that predict midlife men and women's quality of life in both countries. Because individualism and collectivism are the two most thoroughly researched constructs in inter-cultural and cross-cultural studies we should look at how these construct affects societies. The theme for individualist cultures (such as Western cultures) is autonomy, while the theme for collectivist cultures (such as Asian cultures) is connection. Most literature available on individualism and collectivism note all cultures have different values that influence their society and ultimately a person's individual health outcome. Very little work has been undertaken in this domain in Australia or Taiwan, particularly in the area of midlife transition and from a cultural perspective. Methodology Data was collected from a cross-sectional, supervised self-administered survey using census data and a probability proportional sampling (PPS) strategy on a general population of men and women aged 40-59 years old who live permanently in Brisbane, Australia and Taipei, Taiwan. The study population was divided into 163 Statistical Local Areas (SLAs) in Brisbane, and 449 Local Government Communities (LGCs) in Taipei. Sixty clusters were randomly selected using probability proportional sampling (PPS) to obtain 30 Australian clusters and 30 Taiwanese clusters. In this study, the 30 (areas) by 7(people) method was used with an additional strategy. The variables were measured including: culture (vertical and horizontal individualism and collectivism), attitude towards life (the total score of optimism), social networks (the total score of emotional, informational, affectionate, tangible, and positive social interaction) and quality of life (physical, psychological, social, and environmental health), social demographical factors and religion and spiritualty. The data analysis procedure included descriptive, bivarite and multivariate multiple regressions and classifications and regression trees (CART). A comparison of the linear regression and regression tree results were discussed. All data analysis was performed by SPSS and S-Plus softwares. Results The overall response rate for the study was 84.2% for midlife Australian men and women and 88.4% for midlife Taiwanese men and women this resulted in 278 Australians (45.3% men) and 398 Taiwanese (35.4% men) providing data to be analysed. Findings in this study indicated country of residence has an overwhelming impact on quality of life with significant differences seen between midlife Australian and Taiwanese men and women (F4, 666= 59.31, P< .001). Results suggest midlife Australian men and women have a better quality of life than midlife Taiwanese men and women. In addition, a comparison of the linear regression and regression tree results reveals that two models identified the same major affect variable for different countries of residence: which was attitude towards life in midlife Australians and social networks in midlife Taiwanese. However, regression trees were able to capture important nonlinear effects as well as interactions between cultural attribute variables. This study demonstrated culture significantly involves multiple functions and interacts with attitude towards life, social networks and individual factors to influence a person's quality of life. The interaction of cultural circumstances and the internal and external factors involved, show less comparative attributes and increased equality attributes, defining the need for people to have a good social networks and a healthy positive disposition. Conclusion Because of the ever increasing flexibility of world travel and a global population, people have much more opportunity to interact with many other cultures which would create improvement in learning opportunities and better health management effectiveness for people the world over. This study has addressed and contributed to the assessment of multi-cultural quality of life research and has important implications for all health professions in addition to government departments and organisational policy makers of both countries. And finally, this study has identified that there needs to be a concerted effort to implement major policy shifts in the near future because of the changing fabric of modern societies. At the same time technology and globalisation have advanced rapidly and point to new opportunities within and across countries for more diverse approaches in research and the implementation of policy initiatives to occur. This study has highlighted that opportunities exist to reflect on current policies for Australian and Taiwanese societies to provide enhanced opportunities to care for the growing midlife populations.
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Su, Shih-Han. "Mind-modelling in picture books: A cognitive-literary approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/202016/1/Shih-Han_Su_Thesis.pdf.

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This research takes a cross-disciplinary approach to examining the mind-modelling representations in picture books for children. Working with Theory of Mind research, the thesis develops a novel model and typology to systematically analyse the mind-reading processes of characters and their constructions in the sample texts. The in-depth analyses of the words and images in nineteen picture books from Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom, South Africa and Taiwan offer insight into understanding characters' emotional and psychological states. This thesis contributes new knowledge on mind-modelling in picture books and offers guidelines for further research into classroom applications.
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Alamiri, Rowaida. "The Shi’a Crescent: a misconception of Shi’a alliance." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44509.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited
The Shi’a Crescent is a term used to refer to a region spanning three major countries: Iraq, Lebanon, and Iran. These countries each have a large and active population of Shi’a. Shi’a is one of the two main Islamic sects. The thesis finds the formation of a politically unified Shi’a crescent unlikely. It highlights the importance to regard Shi’a identity as a dynamic mechanism that can change the political stage in the Middle East. The study focused on the three intended countries of the proposed crescent. Each was examined thoroughly and independently, in order to compare and contrast common concerns, interest, and circumstances that can lead to a possible unity of Shi’a in the region. Therefore, the research focused on three factors: sociopolitical representation, socioeconomic oppression, and the Shi’a identity. A greater emphasis is given to the reasons that lead Shi’a to maintain a distinct identity, rather than assimilating nationally. Because, maintaining this identity, allows for bids for support and power beyond the state level. It is necessary for the United States to recognize that the regional uses of Shi’a identity have implications for the stability of the states.
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Chang, Young-Shim. "Reading Handel a textual and musical language of Acis and Galatea (1708, 1718) /." connect to online resource. Access restricted to the University of North Texas campus, 2005. http://www.unt.edu/all/Aug2005/chang%5Fyoung-shim/index.htm.

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Liu, Shih-hsi. "QOSPL a quality of service-driven software product line engineering framework for design and analysis of component-based distributed real-time and embedded systems /." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007p/liu-shih-hsi.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007.
Additional advisors: Jeff G. Gray, Marjan Mernik, Rajeev Raje, Chengcui Zhang. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 7, 2008; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 216-230).
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26

Lehe, Patrick J. "Shit Show." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/915.

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Ali, Rami. "Beyond the dichotomies of a coercion and voluntary recruitment, Afghan unaccompanied minors unveil their recruitment process in Iran." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för mellanösternstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-167730.

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By shedding light on accounts from unaccompanied Afghan asylum-seeking minors in Sweden who were child soldiers in Syria, this thesis explores and examines their narratives and their involvement in the civil war in Syria. The research aims to create a deeper understanding of how these children themselves made sense of their participation in the war by answering the following questions: How were the children approached by the recruiters? What kind of reasons for joining the war are put forward by the recruiters and what strategies do the children encounter: a) economic; b) identity formation; c) social deprivation; d) feeling of vulnerability; e) militarization; f) mental development; g) ideology/ religious-sectarian; or all together? How do the children perceive these encounters and make sense of their recruitment to the Shiite Fatemiyoun Brigade? To which extent has the ideology of Shi’ism played an important role for them in joining the Syrian War? This is a qualitative study based on in-depth interviews which combines procedures from two approaches and techniques: an ethnographic approach and a narrative approach that explores the interviewees’ experiences in a period of time and also generates detailed insights. Despite the fact that none of the respondents testified for being recruited at gunpoint or having been ill-treated, the respondents emphasized that they were forced to join due to the bad circumstances they were living in. In addition, many similarities with other cases regarding child soldiering in several countries have been explored in this thesis, for instance factors related to the socio- economic context and the experiences that are related to the children’s development processes. Differences can be located in various details regarding ideologies and indoctrination since the respondents did not share the politico-religious purposes of the recruiters.
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Mermiris, Georgios Apostolou. "A risk-based design approach to ship - ship collision." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12405.

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Lindsay, K. W. "Secondary radar, collision avoidance and ship-to-ship communication." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332121.

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Liu, Shi-Qiang. "Modelling and solving train scheduling problems under capacity constraints." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37181/1/Shi-Qiang_Liu_Thesis.pdf.

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Many large coal mining operations in Australia rely heavily on the rail network to transport coal from mines to coal terminals at ports for shipment. Over the last few years, due to the fast growing demand, the coal rail network is becoming one of the worst industrial bottlenecks in Australia. As a result, this provides great incentives for pursuing better optimisation and control strategies for the operation of the whole rail transportation system under network and terminal capacity constraints. This PhD research aims to achieve a significant efficiency improvement in a coal rail network on the basis of the development of standard modelling approaches and generic solution techniques. Generally, the train scheduling problem can be modelled as a Blocking Parallel- Machine Job-Shop Scheduling (BPMJSS) problem. In a BPMJSS model for train scheduling, trains and sections respectively are synonymous with jobs and machines and an operation is regarded as the movement/traversal of a train across a section. To begin, an improved shifting bottleneck procedure algorithm combined with metaheuristics has been developed to efficiently solve the Parallel-Machine Job- Shop Scheduling (PMJSS) problems without the blocking conditions. Due to the lack of buffer space, the real-life train scheduling should consider blocking or hold-while-wait constraints, which means that a track section cannot release and must hold a train until the next section on the routing becomes available. As a consequence, the problem has been considered as BPMJSS with the blocking conditions. To develop efficient solution techniques for BPMJSS, extensive studies on the nonclassical scheduling problems regarding the various buffer conditions (i.e. blocking, no-wait, limited-buffer, unlimited-buffer and combined-buffer) have been done. In this procedure, an alternative graph as an extension of the classical disjunctive graph is developed and specially designed for the non-classical scheduling problems such as the blocking flow-shop scheduling (BFSS), no-wait flow-shop scheduling (NWFSS), and blocking job-shop scheduling (BJSS) problems. By exploring the blocking characteristics based on the alternative graph, a new algorithm called the topological-sequence algorithm is developed for solving the non-classical scheduling problems. To indicate the preeminence of the proposed algorithm, we compare it with two known algorithms (i.e. Recursive Procedure and Directed Graph) in the literature. Moreover, we define a new type of non-classical scheduling problem, called combined-buffer flow-shop scheduling (CBFSS), which covers four extreme cases: the classical FSS (FSS) with infinite buffer, the blocking FSS (BFSS) with no buffer, the no-wait FSS (NWFSS) and the limited-buffer FSS (LBFSS). After exploring the structural properties of CBFSS, we propose an innovative constructive algorithm named the LK algorithm to construct the feasible CBFSS schedule. Detailed numerical illustrations for the various cases are presented and analysed. By adjusting only the attributes in the data input, the proposed LK algorithm is generic and enables the construction of the feasible schedules for many types of non-classical scheduling problems with different buffer constraints. Inspired by the shifting bottleneck procedure algorithm for PMJSS and characteristic analysis based on the alternative graph for non-classical scheduling problems, a new constructive algorithm called the Feasibility Satisfaction Procedure (FSP) is proposed to obtain the feasible BPMJSS solution. A real-world train scheduling case is used for illustrating and comparing the PMJSS and BPMJSS models. Some real-life applications including considering the train length, upgrading the track sections, accelerating a tardy train and changing the bottleneck sections are discussed. Furthermore, the BPMJSS model is generalised to be a No-Wait Blocking Parallel- Machine Job-Shop Scheduling (NWBPMJSS) problem for scheduling the trains with priorities, in which prioritised trains such as express passenger trains are considered simultaneously with non-prioritised trains such as freight trains. In this case, no-wait conditions, which are more restrictive constraints than blocking constraints, arise when considering the prioritised trains that should traverse continuously without any interruption or any unplanned pauses because of the high cost of waiting during travel. In comparison, non-prioritised trains are allowed to enter the next section immediately if possible or to remain in a section until the next section on the routing becomes available. Based on the FSP algorithm, a more generic algorithm called the SE algorithm is developed to solve a class of train scheduling problems in terms of different conditions in train scheduling environments. To construct the feasible train schedule, the proposed SE algorithm consists of many individual modules including the feasibility-satisfaction procedure, time-determination procedure, tune-up procedure and conflict-resolve procedure algorithms. To find a good train schedule, a two-stage hybrid heuristic algorithm called the SE-BIH algorithm is developed by combining the constructive heuristic (i.e. the SE algorithm) and the local-search heuristic (i.e. the Best-Insertion- Heuristic algorithm). To optimise the train schedule, a three-stage algorithm called the SE-BIH-TS algorithm is developed by combining the tabu search (TS) metaheuristic with the SE-BIH algorithm. Finally, a case study is performed for a complex real-world coal rail network under network and terminal capacity constraints. The computational results validate that the proposed methodology would be very promising because it can be applied as a fundamental tool for modelling and solving many real-world scheduling problems.
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Wong, Shi Yee. "Improving property practitioners' involvement in information flow of sustainability features of residential property." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/112508/1/Shi%20Yee_Wong_Thesis.pdf.

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This research explores the type and quantity of sustainability-related information that is distributed to potential home buyers and examines the role of practitioners. This thesis makes a significant contribution to the roles of property practitioners in assisting home buyers to make informed-decision during property purchase selection phase. A framework has been created to involve property practitioners in the information gathering and distribution process that helps to provide a more complete information flow from the design and construction stage to the purchasing stage of the property.
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Turner, Grace Sandrena Rosita. "Bahamian ship graffiti." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1339.

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The Bahamian archipelago covers over 5,000 square miles of the Atlantic Ocean at the northwestern edge of the Caribbean Sea. In the Age of Sail, from the late 15th to early 20th centuries, these islands were on major sailing routes between the Caribbean, Central America, and Europe. Bahamians developed life-ways using their islands’ location to their advantage. Archaeological evidence of the significance of shipping activity is quite lacking. This research aimed to help fill the void by documenting examples of ship graffiti throughout the Bahamas. Examples of ship graffiti were documented with photographs and tracings. The Bahamian examples all date to the 19th and 20th centuries, 100 years later than other examples from the Caribbean and North America. They are also unique in being incised into the stone surfaces of building walls, caves, stones on a hillside, even on a slate fragment. It is possible that ship graffiti were also engraved on wooden surfaces but these have not survived in the archaeological record. Images depict locally-built vessels such as sloops and schooners as well as larger, ocean-going vessels. Ship graffiti are at sites associated mainly with people of African heritage, another possible social grouping being persons of lower economic status. Graffiti details consistently indicate that the artists were familiar with ship construction and rigging. This analysis of ship graffiti gives some understanding of the significance of ships and shipping in the Bahamian economy.
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Avgouleas, Kyriakos. "Optimal ship routing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44861.

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Thesis (Nav. E. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-118).
Fuel savings in ship navigation has always been a popular subject in the maritime industry as well as the world's largest Navies. Oil prices and environmental considerations drive the effort for more fuel-efficient navigation. This thesis addresses the problem of deterministic minimum fuel routing by applying optimal control theory in conjunction with state of the art hydrodynamic and weather forecasting tools. A fictitious trans-Atlantic route is established and the optimal combination of speed and heading is determined, so that fuel consumption is minimized while certain safety constraints are met. The safety constraints are defined as the probabilities of slamming and deck wetness, both of which are not allowed to exceed prescribed limiting values. The problem formulation adopted in the thesis lies in the framework of Dynamic Programming, which is most suitable for computer implementation. The hydrodynamic performance of the ship is computed through the use of SWAN1, an advanced frequency domain CFD code. With the aid of SWAN1, ship motions and resistance can be accurately calculated. The latter includes the estimation of mean added resistance in waves, which has a major effect on the fuel consumption of ships sailing in rough seas. Wave and swell forecasts are provided in a deterministic setting by a third generation numerical wave model, the WAM cycle 4, developed at the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Utilizing the hydrodynamic results and the output of the wave model a computer program is developed in MATLAB®, which employs the Iterative Dynamic Programming algorithm to solve the optimal control problem.
by Kyriakos Avgouleas.
Nav.E.and S.M.
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Robinson, Anthony David. "Ship target recognition." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9229.

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Includes bibliographical references.
In this report the classification of ship targets using a low resolution radar system is investigated. The thesis can be divided into two major parts. The first part summarizes research into the applications of neural networks to the low resolution non-cooperative ship target recognition problem. Three very different neural architectures are investigated and compared, namely; the Feedforward Network with Back-propagation, Kohonen's Supervised Learning Vector Quantization Network, and Simpson's Fuzzy Min-Max neural network. In all cases, pre-processing in the form of the Fourier-Modified Discrete Mellin Transform is used as a means of extracting feature vectors which are insensitive to the aspect angle of the radar. Classification tests are based on both simulated and real data. Classification accuracies of up to 93 are reported. The second part is of a purely investigative nature, and summarizes a body of research aimed at exploring new ground. The crux of this work is centered on the proposal to use synthetic range profiling in order to achieve a much higher range resolution (and hence better classification accuracies). Included in this work is a comprehensive investigation into the use of super-resolution and noise reducing eigendecomposition techniques. Algorithms investigated include the Principal Eigenvector Method, the Total Least Squares Method, and the MUSIC method. A final proposal for future research and development concerns the use of time domain averaging to improve the classification performance of the radar system. The use of an iterative correlation algorithm is investigated.
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Collins, Julie. "Ship of Fools." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2008. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/68152.

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The Ship of Fools is an ancient allegory that has long been a part of Western culture in literature, art and song... It has been chosen by many to comment on contemporary issues throughout history, highlighting the foibles of that society. The ship of fools however is also about our world, as a vessel, full of passengers of humanity, full of those who have no care what they do or where they are going... It is the 21st Century and we are all sailing on a Ship of Fools. We consume beyond reason, we want, and get the latest, newest, biggest things. We complain about interest rates and petrol prices, but consume beyond reason often with purchases on credit we don't really need.
Master of Arts (Visual Arts)
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Collins, Julie. "Ship of Fools." University of Ballarat, 2008. http://innopac.ballarat.edu.au/record=b1508425.

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The Ship of Fools is an ancient allegory that has long been a part of Western culture in literature, art and song... It has been chosen by many to comment on contemporary issues throughout history, highlighting the foibles of that society. The ship of fools however is also about our world, as a vessel, full of passengers of humanity, full of those who have no care what they do or where they are going... It is the 21st Century and we are all sailing on a Ship of Fools. We consume beyond reason, we want, and get the latest, newest, biggest things. We complain about interest rates and petrol prices, but consume beyond reason often with purchases on credit we don't really need.
Master of Arts (Visual Arts)
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Yeung, Tat-chuen. "The Hong Kong shipping register : past, present and future /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13762217.

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Åkerlind, Hans. "1900-talets fartygsarkitektur i Sverige." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, History and Theory of Art, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-367.

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The dissertation is divided into four separated parts.

Part 1 is a summary of the three following parts, supplemented with components from a more general point of view.

Part 2 deals with the shaping of sea-going vessels, delivered between 1935 and 1995. All of them with some form of connection to Sweden.

Part 3 is an analysis of the architecture of the white wooden fishing boat from the west of the Swedish coast.

Part 4 is a similar analysis of the steel fishing boat.

The term "ship architecture" has been chosen in the dissertation, instead of "design" or "naval architecture". Naval architecture is a wide-ranging subject which however does not embrace that which normally is included in the concept "architecture" as it is employed by art historians and architects. Design is usually an industrial production in great quantity of identical objects. While ships, with few exceptions, are unique like buildings.

Ship architecture is a subject which has barely been treated, either in Sweden or abroad.

The source material used in this study are the "general arrangements", blueprints, published in periodicals and the fotographs of newly-built ships. The main source has been The Scandinavian Shipping Gazette, which has been published weekly on a more or less regular basis since its inception in 1905. A number of architectural motifs are each dealt with separately.

The conclusion of the study is that two separate attitudes to ship architecture can be discerned during the period under investigation. During the first one the appearance of the ship has been significant for both builders and owners. The necessary skills have been readily available.

During the latter one (a shift occuring in the mid-1960s), interest in the appearance of the ship has disappeared, instead only effiency and economy are demanded. There is still a desire for aesthetics in passenger liners, but by that time, much of the old skilled workmanship has been lost.

However, there need remain any doubt about the willingness of the shipyards also today to agree to revisions for the sake of aesthetic appearance. If there was any interest in doing so and if it was delivered at an early stage of the newbuilding process.

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39

Ward, Peter W. "Optimizing ship-to-shore movement for Hospital Ship humanitarian assistance operations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FWard.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.
Thesis Advisor(s): Salmeron, Javier. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 16, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-60). Also available in print.
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40

Ronny, Ang Toon Yiam. "Link Performance Analysis of a Ship-to-Ship Laser Communication System." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6761.

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The benefits of high data rates, high directionality, low sidelobes, small size, light weight, and low power of laser communications (lasercom) as compared to radio frequency (RF) communications make laser an attractive option for ship-to-ship communications. The realization of the option requires ship-to-ship lasercom system design and mission planning, which, in turn, necessitates a lasercom link budget analysis and a parametric analysis of lasercom system design and operational parameters. The link budget analysis determines whether the energy of a laser signal is adequately transmitted to a receiver. The parametric analysis determines the lasercom system design and operational parameters that meet ship-to-ship lasercom requirements. Maritime environmental conditions (atmospheric and water surface conditions) that affect lasercom link budget are investigated. The link budget takes into consideration transmitted and received power, gains, propagation losses, and implementation losses. The results of the link budget analysis and the parametric analysis can be used to analyze and trade the design and operational parameters contributing to a link budget that meets communications requirements and to gain understanding of the operational boundaries and limitations of lasercom.
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41

Piperakis, A. S. "An integrated approach to naval ship survivability in preliminary ship design." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1399992/.

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Alongside deploying weapons and sensors what makes a warship distinct is survivability, being the measure that enables a warship to survive in a militarily hostile environment. The rising cost of warship procurement, coupled with declining defence budgets, has led to a reduction in the number of ships in most western navies. Moreover, cost cutting is often aimed at aspects which may be difficult to quantify, such as survivability, and can lead to potentially inadequate designs. Innovation in both the design process and the design of individual ships is, therefore, necessary, especially at the crucial early design stages. Computer technology can be utilised to exploit architecturally orientated preliminary design approaches which can address innovation early in the ship design process and in issues such as survivability. A number of survivability assessment tools currently exist; however, most fail to integrate all survivability constituents (i.e. susceptibility, vulnerability and recoverability), in that they are unable to balance between the component aspects of survivability. Some are qualitative, therefore less than ideal for requirement specification, others are aimed towards the detailed design stages where implementing changes is heavily constrained or even impractical. Since a ship’s survivability is dependent on layout, the approach adopted in this research takes advantage of an architecturally orientated ship design approach applicable to early stage design. Such a method is proposed and demonstrated on five combatant (including a trimaran configuration) and two auxiliary ship design studies. The proposed method combines various tools used by UCL and the UK Ministry of Defence, as well as a new approach for recoverability assessment and, therefore, tackles difficulties currently associated with the latter (e.g.: lack of data, human performance and time dependence) by using weighted performance measures. An overall approach for survivability assessment has been applied across the range of designs produced and conclusions drawn on their relative merits for overall survivability. The approach and implications of the integration of survivability assessment in the preliminary ship design stages, as well as the identification of major survivability design drivers, are discussed. Through the identification of problematic topics, areas for further research are suggested. It is envisaged that this research will assist in developing the design process of what are, according to Captain C. Graham, USN, “the most complex, diverse and highly integrated of any engineering systems” produced today on a regular basis.
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42

Gutzwiller, Ryan R. "Realpolitik and Iran's post-Saddam strategy for Iraq." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1581.

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Throughout history, threats emerging from Iran's frontiers have significantly influenced its security policies towards Iraq. Given Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom, Iran's security environment has changed a great deal. Does Iran have a strategy for post-Saddam Iraq and, if so, what is it? With few exceptions, Kenneth Waltz's Realpolitik and balance-of-power theories have guided Iran's security policy decisions. The combined effects of Iran's formative history, individual and institutional agendas, and national interests form the foundation for a Realpolitik strategy aimed at preventing a resurgent "anti-Teheran" government in Iraq. Pragmatism, consensus, influence, and competition appear to be the watchwords for an assertive strategy built upon military prudence and cross-border, multi-disciplined engagement. Iran is putting its internal political and economic house in order so as to achieve greater effectiveness in the pursuit of its national interests vis-a-vis Iraq and the United States. While an alliance is unlikely, there is alignment with the U.S.-led coalition's strategic interests in Iraq.
Major, United States Marine Corps
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43

Kerns, Corey Michael. "Naval Ship Design and Synthesis Model Architecture Using a Model-Based Systems Engineering Approach." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32459.

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The Concept and Requirements Exploration process used at Virginia Tech is based on a Multi-Objective Optimization approach that explores the design space to produce a Non-Dominated set of ship design solutions ranked objectively by Cost, Risk, and Effectiveness. Prior research and effort has also been made to leverage the validation and verification of the U.S. Navyâ s ship synthesis design tool, ASSET, into the Virginia Tech Ship Synthesis Model. This thesis applies Design Structure Matrix theory to analyze and optimize the ASSET synthesis process by reducing or removing the feedback dependencies that require the iterative convergence process. This optimized ASSET synthesis process is used as the basis to develop a new Simplified Ship Synthesis Model (SSSM) using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software, ASSET Response Surface Models (RSMs) and simplified parametric equations to build the individual synthesis modules. The current method of calculating an Overall Measure of Effectiveness (OMOE) used at Virginia Tech is based on expert opinion and pairwise comparison. This thesis researches methods for building a Design Reference Mission (DRM) composed of multiple operational situations (OpSits) required by the shipâ s mission. The DRM is defined using a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach and an overall Ship Design System Architecture to define and understand the relationships between various aspects of the ship design. The system architecture includes the DRM and enables the development of Operational Effectiveness Models (OEMs) as an alternative to an expert opinion-based OMOE. The system architecture also provides the means for redefining and optimizing the entire ship design process by capturing the entire process and all related data into a single repository. This thesis concludes with a preliminary assessment of the utility of these various system engineering tools to the naval ship design process.
Master of Science
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44

MacMaster, Kayleigh A. "Characterization of Cellular Pathways and Potency of Shiga Toxin on Endothelial Cells." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1439304438.

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45

Pigatto, Caroline Peters [UNESP]. "Carcaterização denotípica e genotípica de Escerichia coli produtora de toxina shiga (STEC) isoladas de bovinos de corte no Estado do Paraná." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103826.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-01-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:44:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pigatto_cp_dr_jabo.pdf: 841661 bytes, checksum: 288fcbc74e176eac0befc1827d1bc15e (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Escherichia coli produtoras de toxina Shiga (STEC) são reconhecidas como agentes causadores de infecções em humanos em todo o mundo. O principal reservatório é o bovino. Neste trabalho, cepas de STEC previamente isoladas de fezes bovinas foram caracterizadas usando PCR multiplex para determinar os genes de virulência (stx1, stx2, ehxA, eaeA e saa), soroaglutinação passiva reversa em látex (RPLA-VTEC screen) para avaliar a expressão da toxina Shiga, PCR-RFLP e sequenciamento para obter os subtipos e a variabilidade dos genes stx2, respectivamente. Foram determinados também os sorotipos, o perfil de sensibilidade e a viabilidade das cepas de STEC em queijo minas frescal. A freqüência de STEC nas amostras de fezes bovinas foi de 37%. Foram encontrados trinta e quatro sorotipos de STEC sendo os mais freqüentes o ONT:H7 (10%), O22:H8, O22:H16 e ONT:H21 (7% cada). Onze sorotipos encontrados não tinham sido associados com STEC até o momento. A maioria das STEC (96%) foi susceptível a todos os antimicrobianos testados. A produção de toxina Shiga determinada pelo ensaio RPLA foi de 89%. Os marcadores de virulência foram encontrados em 11 diferentes combinações, a mais freqüente foi stx2 (27%), stx1 stx2 e stx1 stx2 ehxA saa (16% cada). Foram detectados 8 subtipos de stx2: stx2OX3a/O111; stx2; stx2c; stx2(vha); stx2(vhb); stx2OX3b; stx2vnb/vhc e stx2O48. Os genes que apresentaram maior freqüência foram: stx2 e stx2c. As seqüências parciais obtidas sugerem a presença de elevada variabilidade nos genes do tipo stx2 nas STEC analisadas. A viabilidade de STEC não-O157 em queijo minas revelou que diferentes cepas de STEC podem ser detectadas nos queijos após 10 dias de armazenamento sob refrigeração. Os dados encontrados neste trabalho sugerem isolados com alto potencial de patogenicidade oferecendo risco de desencadear graves infecções à população.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is recognize worldwide as an organism capable to cause human diseases. Cattle are the main source of STEC. In this research, STEC strains previously isolated were analyzed using multiplex-PCR for virulence genes, the RPLA assay to detect the Shiga toxin production and serotyping. PCR-RFLP and nucleotide sequence were analyzed to detect stx2 genes subtypes and their variability. Moreover tests for antimicrobial susceptibility and the vialbility of STEC in Minas Frescal cheese were done. The frequency of cattle shedding STEC was 37%. Thirty-four serotypes of STEC were found, the most frequent being ONT:H7 (10%), O22:H8, O22:H16 and ONT:H21 (7% each). Eleven serotypes had not been associate with STEC until the moment. Most of the strains (96%) were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested. Production of Shiga toxin by the RPLA assay was detected in most (89%) of the STEC strains. The frequency of virulence markers were found in 11 diferent combinations: stx2 (27%), stx1 stx2 e stx1 stx2 ehxA saa (16% each). Eigth stx2 subtypes were detect (stx2OX3a/O111; stx2; stx2c; stx2(vha); stx2(vhb); stx2OX3b; stx2vnb/vhc; stx2O48) and the most frequent were: stx2; stx2c. The partial sequences of stx2 genes suggested a high variability of stx2 types in the STEC analyzed. The STEC viability in cheese could be detected after 10 days of storage under refrigeration. The results found in this work suggest strains with high potential of pathogenicity offering risk to lead serious infections to the population.
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46

Goodfriend, David Benjamin. "Exploration of System Vulnerability in Naval Ship Concept Design." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64156.

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This thesis presents a methodology and analysis tool to explore ship system vulnerability using a simplified modeling approach during the naval ship concept design process within the Concept and Requirements Exploration (CandRE) process used at Virginia Tech. The CandRE is based on a Multi-Objective Generic Optimization (MOGO) approach that explores a design space to produce a non-dominated set of ship design solutions comparing design effectiveness, risk, and cost. The current CandRE process evaluates ship characteristics and intact system options to determine a design Overall Measure of Effectiveness (OMOE) through the calculation of Measures of Performance (MOPs). Using the CandRE ship design process and a Preliminary Arrangement and Vulnerability (PAandV) model, an Overall Measure of Vulnerability (OMOV) is calculated for each ship design using the developed process and tools described in this thesis. The OMOV is calculated by combining the Vulnerability Measure of Performance (VMOP) scores across multiple ship mission capabilities.
Master of Science
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47

Rodriguez, Alfredo. "Frequency reuse through RF power management in ship-to-ship data networks." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA341252.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1997.
"December 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Chin-Hwa Lee. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59). Also available online.
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48

Xu, Jinsong. "Estimation of wave-induced ship hull bending moment from ship motion measurements." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0029/NQ62460.pdf.

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49

Higgins, Brian E. "Motion analysis of a trolly interface for ship-to-ship cargo transfer." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Dec%5FHiggins.pdf.

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50

Hung, Hui-yueh, and 洪惠月. "The Study of Female Shia in Tang legend novels." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04832003895599730930.

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碩士
國立臺南大學
國語文學系國語文教學碩士班
97
“Shia-ke” (Chinese knight) is a special group of people in ancient Chinese society. The idea of “shia”(similar to western knight) has a long history. In general, “shia” is a symble of courage and bravery of chauvinistic society. However, female “shia” are not few in Chinese shiaism novels. Being praised with poetry as the literatural spetecular of Tang dynasty, legend is the main kind of Tang novels. “Shia” fantasy is one of the three major themes of Tang legend. Even though inferior in quantity, by mysterious and unique way of behaving and baldness in love and revenge, female “shia” fantasy builds up totally different views of female from traditional ones as being gentle and fragile, and also makse the image of Tang legend characters more impressive. This paper, based on the previous studies, from the feminist point of view, tries to study and decode the image of female “ shia” of Tang legend. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is to state the reason of the study and make an introduction of cotemporary relative research as well as definitions of so-called legend and female “shia”. The second chapter focuses on the history of “shia” culture. First a brief introduction of development of shiaism from Chin dynasty to Wei-Jin dynasty is given to display the aspects of shiaism objectively focusing on the evolution of “shia” characteristics. Then a discussion of the origin and background of the female shia of Tang legend is following. The third chapter discusses of the contents, themes, structures and implications of shia stories. The fourth chapter is to analyze the writing skills and literatural and cultural characteristics of Tong legends. The fifth chapter goes further to explore the cultural implication of female “shia”image and study the psychology of Tang writers when building up female “shia”characters. The sixth chapter concludes how Tang writers build up such spetacular female “shia” characters, their value on literature as well as whether these female “shia” characters reflects the feminism of Tang Dynasty.
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