Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sheep Fetuses

Academic literature on the topic 'Sheep Fetuses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

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Salehi, Mitra, Hosein Nezami, and Hamid Reza Niazkar. "Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep Using PCR: A Study in North Khorasan Province, Iran." Veterinary Medicine International 2020 (June 20, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7913912.

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Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that infects warm-blooded animals as well as humans worldwide. The purpose of this study was to delineate the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in aborted fetuses of sheep in North Khorasan province, Iran. Three hundred and ninety-nine samples of the liver (133 samples), placenta (133 samples), and brain (133 samples) from 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were collected from 2015 to 2017. The ages of aborted fetuses were higher than 120 days’ gestational age in this study. According to the samples, sixteen out of 133 aborted fetuses of sheep were infected with T. gondii. Toxoplasma DNA was found in the placenta (68.75%) and liver (31.25%) samples of infected fetuses using the PCR method. The highest and lowest rates of Toxoplasma infection were observed during 2016 and 2017, respectively. Shirvan and Faruj provinces were recognized as the two most infected districts among others. There was a significant difference between the year and abortion rate in sheep due to infection by the Toxoplasma parasite (P<0.05). Furthermore, no significant difference between the prevalence of T. gondii infection and aborted fetuses was seen (P>0.05) in different areas. According to the present study, T. gondii infection can be one of the causes of fetus abortion of sheep in North Khorasan province, Iran.
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Ceccarelli, P., V. Pedini, and A. M. Gargiulo. "Enteroendocrine cells in sheep fetuses." Small Ruminant Research 6, no. 1-2 (October 1991): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(91)90011-e.

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Houghton, Pamela E., Thomas J. McDonald, and John R. G. Challis. "Ontogeny of the insulin response to glucose in fetal and adult sheep." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 10 (October 1, 1989): 1288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-205.

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The purpose of the present experiments was to examine in sheep whether the fetal insulin response to glucose was present by day 110 (d110) of pregnancy and whether the magnitude of the fetal insulin response changed between d110 and d145 (term). We also compared the responses observed in fetuses to those of adult nonpregnant sheep. Basal concentrations of glucose measured in plasma collected from the fetal femoral artery rose progressively between d110 and d145 of gestation, but did not attain the plasma glucose concentrations measured in adult sheep. Peak glucose concentrations in fetuses were achieved 10 min following the bolus injection of glucose (0.8 g/kg estimated fetal body weight) into the fetal femoral vein, and peak values increased with gestational age. Significantly higher peak glucose concentrations were achieved in adult sheep. The concentration of insulin rose rapidly in fetuses at d110, and a similar time course of insulin release in plasma was seen at all gestational ages. The peak plasma insulin concentrations were achieved at 20 min and were significantly greater in older (d140–145) than younger (d125–130) fetuses (p < 0.05). Peak insulin values in fetuses were much less than in adult sheep. In adult sheep glucose and insulin concentrations remained elevated at 120 min following the injection of glucose, whereas in the fetus the concentration of insulin had returned to preinjection values by 60 min. The insulin/glucose ratio did not change in fetal lambs over the last one third of gestation and was not different from the adult sheep. We conclude that (1) the fetal insulin response to an acute glucose load is present by d110 of gestation, and (2) the ratio of insulin released per unit glucose elevation did not change in fetal sheep over the last one third of gestation, nor between fetal and adult sheep.Key words: glucose, insulin, fetal sheep.
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Iwamoto, H. S., T. Kaufman, L. C. Keil, and A. M. Rudolph. "Responses to acute hypoxemia in fetal sheep at 0.6-0.7 gestation." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 256, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): H613—H620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.256.3.h613.

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A majority of previous studies of fetal responses to acute hypoxemia has focused on the response of the sheep fetus greater than 120 days of gestation when many regulatory systems have been established. To assess the response of younger, less well-developed fetuses, we exposed two groups of fetal sheep (I, 84-91 days; II, 97-99 days gestational age) to acute hypoxemia by giving the ewe a gas mixture containing 9% O2 to breathe. We decreased descending aortic PO2 in both groups of fetuses [I, 24 +/- 6 to 14 +/- 3 (SD) Torr; II, 23 +/- 3 to 12 +/- 4 Torr] by a degree similar to that achieved in previous studies of fetuses greater than 120 days of gestation. Mean arterial blood pressure (I, 31 +/- 6; II, 40 +/- 3 Torr) did not change significantly from control values, and heart rate (I, 224 +/- 27; II, 203 +/- 16 beats/min) increased significantly in group II fetuses with hypoxemia. In group I and II fetuses, as in older fetuses, cerebral, myocardial, and adrenal blood flows, measured by the microsphere technique, increased, and pulmonary blood flow decreased. These responses mature early and are likely local vascular responses to decreases in oxygen content. Combined ventricular output and umbilical-placental blood flow decreased significantly in both groups. Unlike the response of the fetus greater than 120 days, acute hypoxemia did not decrease blood flow to the musculoskeletal and cutaneous circulations (group I only), gastrointestinal, or renal circulations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Owens, J. A., J. Falconer, and J. S. Robinson. "Effect of restriction of placental growth on umbilical and uterine blood flows." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 250, no. 3 (March 1, 1986): R427—R434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1986.250.3.r427.

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Endometrial caruncles were excised from sheep (caruncle sheep) before pregnancy. The effect of this on umbilical and uterine blood flows in a subsequent pregnancy was examined. Thirteen caruncle and twelve control sheep with indwelling vascular catheters were studied at 121 and 130 days pregnancy. In caruncle sheep, fetal, placental, and total uterine content weights were significantly lower than in control sheep. Six caruncle sheep carried normal-sized fetuses (weight within +/- 2 SD of mean weight for control fetuses) and seven carried small fetuses (weight greater than +/- 2 SD below mean weight for control fetuses). Mean weights of placentas in these groups were 0.290 +/- 0.067 and 0.156 +/- 0.069 kg, respectively, compared with 0.459 +/- 0.157 kg in control sheep. In small caruncle fetuses, umbilical and uterine blood flows and placental antipyrine clearance were significantly lower than in controls at 121 and 130 days gestation. Only umbilical blood flow was reduced in normal-sized caruncle fetuses. Umbilical blood flow and placental antipyrine clearance increased with gestational age in control sheep but not in sheep with normal-sized or small caruncle fetuses. In all sheep, umbilical and uterine blood flows and antipyrine clearance correlated with placental weight. Umbilical blood flow per kilogram of placenta but not uterine blood flow per kilogram of placenta correlated inversely with placental weight. Fetal weight at 130 days generally correlated with placental weight, umbilical and uterine blood flows, and antipyrine clearance in a curvilinear fashion such that fetal weight was not greatly restricted until these variables were less than or equal to 65% of control values.
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Raff, H., and C. E. Wood. "Effect of age and blood pressure on the heart rate, vasopressin, and renin response to hypoxia in fetal sheep." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): R880—R884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.4.r880.

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The purpose of these studies was to determine whether attenuating the increase in arterial and central venous pressure (CVP) during acute hypoxia can augment the renin and arginine vasopressin (AVP) responses to isocapnic hypoxia in chronically instrumented sheep fetuses. Young (122 +/- 2 days; n = 7) and old (133 +/- 1 days, n = 7) fetuses were exposed to hypoxemia (arterial PO2 = approximately 12-13 Torr) without and with attenuation of the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and CVP with the simultaneous infusion of sodium nitroprusside (NP). NP did not attenuate the bradycardia induced by hypoxia. Plasma renin activity did not increase with hypoxia even when the potentially inhibitory effect of increased MAP and CVP was attenuated with NP. The AVP response to hypoxia was greater in the old fetuses. Furthermore, NP did augment the AVP response to hypoxia in the young but not old fetuses. We conclude that increases in MAP and CVP (i.e., baroreceptor input) do not influence the decrease in heart rate and lack of renin responses to acute hypoxia in the sheep fetus and that increased MAP and CVP seems to restrain the AVP response to hypoxia in younger sheep fetuses.
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Lakhdir, Farahaba R., Haiyan Tong, and Charles E. Wood. "Baroreceptor and prostanoid control of fetal renal cortical blood flow and plasma renin activity." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 13, no. 3 (2001): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd00101.

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Renal function in the fetus is important for maintenance of fetal fluid and electrolyte balance. This study was performed to test the role of prostaglandins and their interaction with arterial baroreceptors and chemoreceptors in the control of renal cortical blood flow during hypotension produced by vena caval obstruction in late-gestation fetal sheep. We studied 18 time-dated, chronically catheterized, fetal sheep (124–136 days gestation). Fetuses were either studied intact (n = 11) or sinoaortic denervated (n = 7), and each fetus was studied twice, with and without pretreatment with indomethacin (0.2 mg kg –1 , i.v.). Each fetus was subjected to hypotension caused by vena caval obstruction for 10 min. Before hypotension, renal cortical blood flow was higher in the vehicle-treated sinoaortic denervated fetuses than in vehicle-treated intact fetuses. The increased renal cortical blood flow observed in the sinoaortic denervated fetuses was counteracted by indomethacin, so that the difference between sinoaortic denervated and intact fetuses was eliminated after indomethacin treatment. Hypotension decreased renal blood flow equally in all groups. Plasma renin activity was increased in response to hypotension in the intact fetuses, but not in the sinoaortic denervated fetuses. Indomethacin treatment, by itself, did not alter plasma renin activity. It is concluded that both arterial baroreceptors and prostanoids influence renal blood flow. Further, renin secretion is influenced by arterial baroreceptors and chemoreceptors and there is no apparent modulatory effect of prostanoids on the baroreflex control of renin secretion.
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Forhead, AJ, and AL Fowden. "Effects of thyroid hormones on pulmonary and renal angiotensin-converting enzyme concentrations in fetal sheep near term." Journal of Endocrinology 173, no. 1 (April 1, 2002): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1730143.

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In the sheep fetus, pulmonary and renal concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) increase towards term in parallel with the prepartum surges in plasma cortisol and tri-iodothyronine (T(3)). The ontogenic change in pulmonary ACE has been shown to be induced, at least in part, by cortisol but the role of the thyroid hormones is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of thyroid hormones on tissue ACE concentration in fetal sheep during late gestation. Pulmonary and renal ACE concentrations were measured in sheep fetuses after experimental manipulation of thyroid hormone status by fetal thyroidectomy and exogenous hormone infusion. In intact fetuses, pulmonary and renal ACE concentrations increased between 127-132 and 142-145 days of gestation (term 145 +/- 2 days), coincident with the prepartum rises in plasma cortisol and T(3). The ontogenic increment in pulmonary ACE concentration was abolished when the prepartum surge in T(3), but not cortisol, was prevented by fetal thyroidectomy. At 143-145 days, ACE concentration in the lungs and kidneys of the thyroidectomised fetuses were both lower than those in the intact fetuses. In intact fetuses at 127-132 days, pulmonary ACE was upregulated by intravenous infusions of either cortisol (2-3 mg/kg per day) or T(3) (8-12 microg/kg per day) for 5 days. Renal ACE was unaffected by cortisol or T(3) infusion. Therefore, thyroid hormones have an important role in the developmental control of pulmonary and renal ACE concentration in the sheep fetus towards term. In addition, the prepartum rise in plasma T(3) appears to mediate, in part, the maturational effect of cortisol on pulmonary ACE concentration.
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Jensen, EC, JE Harding, MK Bauer, and PD Gluckman. "Metabolic effects of IGF-I in the growth retarded fetal sheep." Journal of Endocrinology 161, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1610485.

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It has been shown that IGF-I has an anabolic effect in the normal fetus. However, there is evidence to suggest that there may be IGF-I resistance in the growth retarded fetus. Therefore, we investigated the effects of acute IGF-I infusion to chronically catheterised fetal sheep. At 128 days gestation, fetuses underwent a 4 h infusion of IGF-I (50 microg/kg/h). Three groups of animals were studied. Nine normally grown fetuses were studied as controls. Embolised animals (n=8) received microspheres into the uterine vasculature, and animals with spontaneous intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR animals) (n=6) were fetuses found at post mortem to be spontaneously growth restricted. The effects of IGF-I infusion on feto-placental carbohydrate and protein metabolism were similar in our control group to previous similar experiments. IGF-I infusion decreased fetal blood glucose, oxygen, urea and amino-nitrogen concentrations, and inhibited placental lactate production. The same fetal blood metabolite concentrations also fell during IGF-I infusion in the embolised fetuses, but the effect on placental lactate production was not seen. The only effect of IGF-I infusion in the spontaneous IUGR animals was a fall in fetal blood amino-nitrogen concentrations. We conclude that fetal IGF-I infusion does not have the same anabolic effects in the growth retarded fetus as the normal fetus. In addition, the effects of IGF-I were different in the two growth retarded groups. Our data support previous evidence that the growth retarded fetus has altered IGF-I sensitivity, and this may vary depending on the cause, severity and duration of growth retardation.
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S. M, Amin F. A. "Prenatal Study of Testes Growth and Histological Development 1- Fetal Sheep." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 34, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v34i1.679.

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This study was conducted on 200 samples of females Karadi sheep genitalia contains 207 fetuses . These samples were collected from slaughter house in Sulaimani reigion during the period from June 2007 to the end of May 2008. Sheep genitalia consisted of 193(96.5%) single and 7(3.5%) twin fetuses, amonge them 122 (58.92%)and 84(41.06) were in the right and left horns ,respectively. The genitalia that contain fetuses with clear external sex organs was 141, of these 74 male and 67 female fetuses different Crown Rump Length (CRL), while 66 fetus their sex could diagnosis after abdominal opened. The results showed the weight of the fetal body and testes as well as the length of scrotum were increased with an increasing of the fetal CRL. The appearance of the fetal testes in the inguinal ring was when CRL=22cm .80 day; in the scrotum 32 cm. 100 day ; Histological sections of the fetal testes were showed the density of fibroblast layer and connective tissue capsules as well as the appearance of seminiferous tubules containing a few spermatogonia cells and small sertoli and leydig cells at early CRL=10 cm 55 day; , with increasing fetal CRL the seminiferous tubules filled with different types of spermatogonia and spermatocytes cells as well as increasing in the number of sertoli and leydig cells were recorded at CRL= 20.3 cm. 75 days; While the metamorphosis spermatid were seen at CRL=24cm . 80-85 day; Conclusions : Fetal sheep seminiferous tubules early in gestation contain different types of spermatognium and spermatocyte cells appear in the testes after 50 days, and metamorphosis spermatid were seen after 80 days of intra uterine life no sperm was seen in fetuse testes.. It was concluded that the fetal testes in early gestation could be secreted testosterone which lead to increases in fetal testes development and growth of the germinal and somatic cells
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

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Pfister, Riccardo E. (Riccardo Erennio) 1961. "Control of lung liquid throughout late gestation and labour." Monash University, Ritchie Centre for Baby Health Research, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9321.

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Boland, Rochelle Elizabeth 1974. "Factors affecting structural development of the lung in fetal sheep." Monash University, Dept. of Physiology, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8135.

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Chidzanja, Stivelia. "Restricted implantation and undernutrition alter development and growth of the ovine placenta." Title page, abstract and contents only, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18519.

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Bibliography: 161-199.
[xxvi], 199, [151] leaves, [7] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Characterises the normal otogeny of the cellular composition and structure of placentomes in sheep, their relationship to the macroscopic parameters of placentome size and morphology, and the effect of experimental and natural restriction of implantation on the growth and development of placentomes between mid and late gestation.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1995
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Kakar, Muhammad Azam. "Effect of peri-conceptional feed intake on early embryo development and fetal growth in the Merino ewe /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ANP/09anpk138.pdf.

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Yan, Ping. "Changes in fetal egg and blood pressure in normally grown and chronic placental embolization fetal sheep during graded cord occlusions." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27957.

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The fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) has been considered a potentially useful tool for fetal surveillance during birth as technical improvements in signal acquisition and processing have been achieved. The aim of the thesis is to determine the ability of the changes in fetal ECG morphological characteristics and time intervals (FI-IR, PR interval, T/QRS, and R height) to predict fetal hypoxemia /acidemia and relationships between these parameters of FECG and fetal blood pressure.
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Butler, Timothy Garth. "Functional heterogeneity of the corticotroph cells in the fetal sheep pituitary /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb9851.pdf.

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Kind, Karen Lee. "Insulin-like growth factors and growth of the fetal sheep /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk525.pdf.

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Ross, Jacob T. "Hypophysial and local mediators of adrenocortical growth and function before birth /." Title page, contents and summary only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phr8242.pdf.

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Joyce, Belinda Jane. "Elastin synthesis in the fetal sheep lung in vivo : effects of physical, metabolic and endocrine factors." Monash University, Dept. of Physiology, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5263.

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Meyer, Amanda Jane. "The impact of prenatal glucocorticoid exposure on the ovine kidney." University of Western Australia. School of Women's and Infants' Health, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0105.

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[Truncated abstract] In obstetric practice, pregnant women at risk of pre-term delivery between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation are administered synthetic glucocorticoids (betamethasone or dexamethasone) to induce fetal organ maturation. During this gestational period, the fetal kidney is undergoing a phase of rapid organogenesis with an increase in renal growth and active nephrogenesis occurring. The studies comprising this thesis examine the effects of prenatal betamethasone exposure on the fetal and adult ovine kidney. The central hypothesis of these studies was that exposure of the fetal kidney to betamethasone in late gestation would change renal structure and induce long-term alterations in the expression of glucocorticoid-sensitive genes and proteins. In the fetal studies, pregnant Merino ewes bearing single fetuses received single or repeated-weekly intra-muscular (i.m.) injections of betamethasone (0.5 mg/kg body weight) or saline commencing on day 104 of gestation (term is 150 days). Kidneys were collected from fetuses at 109, 116, 121 and 146 days of gestation (d). Using gold standard unbiased stereological techniques, the physical disector/fractionator method, total glomerular (nephron) number and glomerular volume were determined in 146 d fetal kidneys exposed to repeated maternal saline or betamethasone administration. In the adult study, kidneys were collected from 3.5-year-old sheep that had been exposed to ... In this thesis I have demonstrated that renal growth restriction as a result of betamethasone exposure is associated with a reduction in fetal nephron endowment. Although betamethasone does not appear to consistently alter nephron number or glomerular size, it may indirectly affect total nephron endowment through effects on renal growth. I have also provided evidence which suggests that lategestation betamethasone exposure in sheep does not program permanent alterations in the renal expression of genes or proteins involved in glucocorticoid hormone action or components of the renin-angiotensin system. Therefore, exposure of the fetal kidney to betamethasone during nephrogenesis may alter renal structure if kidney growth is perturbed; however, there are no persistent alterations in the expression of glucocorticoid-sensitive genes. These findings are consistent with the preservation of normal basal blood pressure in the adult sheep I studied and with the limited results from human studies of late-gestation maternal glucocorticoid administration.
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Books on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

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Pierson, Linda Louise. Effects of intense noise on the fetal sheep auditory mechanism as assessed by auditory brainstem response and cochlear histology. 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

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Cahill, R. N. P., I. Heron, D. C. Poskitt, and Z. Trnka. "Lymphocyte Recirculation in the Sheep Fetus." In Ciba Foundation Symposium 71 - Blood Cells and Vessel Walls, 145–66. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470720547.ch9.

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Grogono-Thomas, Rosemary, and Ralph M. Woodland. "An Experimental Model of Campylobacter fetus fetus Induced Abortion in Sheep." In Campylobacters, Helicobacters, and Related Organisms, 351–54. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9558-5_62.

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Gluckman, P. D., T. R. Gunn, B. M. Johnston, G. C. Power, and K. T. Ball. "Maturation of Thermoregulatory and Thermogenic Mechanisms in Fetal Sheep." In The Endocrine Control of the Fetus, 300–305. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_26.

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Kitanaka, T., R. D. Gilbert, and L. D. Longo. "Maternal and Fetal Responses to Long-term Hypoxemia in Sheep." In The Endocrine Control of the Fetus, 38–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_4.

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Jensen, A., U. Lang, and G. Braems. "Cardiovascular Effects of Endotoxin and Asphyxia in Fetal Sheep Near Term." In OXYGEN: Basis of the Regulation of Vital Functions in the Fetus, 156–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77469-0_20.

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Jensen, A., H. Gips, M. Hohmann, and W. Künzel. "Adrenal Endocrine and Circulatory Responses to Acute Prolonged Asphyxia in Surviving and Non-Surviving Fetal Sheep near Term." In The Endocrine Control of the Fetus, 64–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_5.

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Parer, J. T. "Fetal Hemodynamic Responses to Reduced Uterine Blood Flow in the Sheep Fetus." In Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring, 82–93. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70358-4_10.

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Hetzel, Basil S., Mark L. Mano, and J. Chevadev. "The Fetus and Iodine Deficiency: Marmoset and Sheep Models of Iodine Deficiency." In Iodine and the Brain, 177–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0765-5_16.

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Jensen, A., and U. Lang. "Dynamics of Circulatory Centralization and Release of Vasoactive Hormones During Acute Asphyxia in Intact and Chemically Sympathectomized Fetal Sheep." In The Endocrine Control of the Fetus, 135–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_12.

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Lang, U., W. Künzel, and A. Jensen. "Pancreatic Blood Flow, Insulin Concentrations, and Glucose Metabolism in Intact and Chemically Sympathectomized Fetal Sheep During Normoxaemia and Asphyxia." In The Endocrine Control of the Fetus, 150–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72975-1_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

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Quan, Glen Lelyn, Kentaro Matsumiya, Michiaki Araki, Yasuki Matsumura, and Yoshihiko Hirata. "The role of sophorolipid as carrier of active substances." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/hnkx3869.

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Sophorolipid is a glycolipid-type biosurfactant, produced from natural sources by fermentation with a nonpathogenic yeast Starmerella bombicola. Its structure is composed of 2 hydrophilic parts, a sophorose unit, a glucose disaccharide glycosically linked to a hydroxyl fatty acid. Its structure spontaneously forms a vesicle of about 100 nm in an aqueous solution, which is similar to that of liposomes used as drug delivery systems and transdermal absorption promoters. It can be expected to have an effect of promoting permeation of active substances such as lactoferrin. Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein having a molecular weight of about 80 kDa, and is most abundant in breast milk in the living body. Since it is also present in amniotic fluid that protects the mother and fetus, it is important to study the physiological relationship between skin and lactoferrin. The transdermal administration of lactoferrin with sophorolipid was verified, followed by the investigation protein-surfactant interactions between bovine lactoferrin and sophorolipid. Structural changes were further observed using spectroscopic, microscopic and biochemical methods under weakly acidic and neutral pH conditions. From particle size analysis by dynamic light scattering, microscopic observation by cryo-SEM, and digestion pattern observation by enzyme treatment, it was confirmed that bovine lactoferrin and sophorolipid interact with each other to form a sheet and nanometer-sized coagulation at pH 5.0 and 7.0 forming an aggregate, which was considered to be due to the self-organizing structure characteristic of sophorolipid. It can be concluded that sophorolipid has a potential of being a transport carrier of active substances, which can have vast applications not only in cosmetics but in drug delivery systems as well. Biosurfactants and biopolymers: Between interactions, orthogonality and mutual
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Suryani, Lilis. "Birthing Ball Therapy on the Long-Term Maternal and Labor Pain Among Primigravida Mother in Private Practice Midwives, Madiun, East Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.08.

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ABSTRACT Background: Childbirth is a physiological process which is the process of releasing the product of conception from the uterus. Normal delivery occurs at 37 – 42 weeks of gestation, where the fetus is mature. Labor cannot be separated from labor pain. Several studies have shown that in primitive societies, labor is longer and painful, whereas in advanced societies 7-14% give birth with minimal pain and most (90%) are accompanied by pain and unavoidable pain. The birth ball is a physical therapy ball that helps the delivery of the first stage to help labor progress. A physical therapy ball that helps labor progress and can be used to share positions. One of the movements is to sit on the ball and shake it to comfort and help labor progress. This study aimed to examine the birthing ball therapy on the long-term maternal and labor pain among primigravida mother in private practice midwives, Madiun, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Madiun, East Java. The total of 40 pregnant women were divided into 20 mothers with birthing ball therapy and 20 mothers without birthing ball therapy. The dependent variables were length of the first period of labor and intensity of labor pain. The independent variables were birthing ball therapy. Data were collected using an observation sheet. The data were analyzed using a multiple logistic regression. Results: The use of birth ball was positively associated with the length of the first period of labor (OR = 5.19; 95% CI= 1.06 to 25.4; p = 0.042) and intensity of labor pain (OR = 7.57; 95% CI= 1.53 to 37.3; p = 0.013) and they were statistically significant. Conclusion: The use of birth balls is proven to be effective in shortening stage 1 and reducing pain intensity. Keywords: birthing ball therapy, labor pain, maternal delivery Correspondent: Lilis Suryani. Academy of Midwifery Muhammadiyah Madiun. Jl. Lumbung Life No. 2A Ex. Ngegong Kec. Manguharjo, Madiun City. Email: lsuryani784@gmail.com. Mobile: 08125954726. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.08
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Reports on the topic "Sheep Fetuses"

1

Spencer, Thomas E., Elisha Gootwine, Arieh Gertler, and Fuller W. Bazer. Placental lactogen enhances production efficiency in sheep. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586543.bard.

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The key objectives of this BARD project were to: (1) study long-term effects of immunization of prepubertal ewes against recombinant ovine placental lactogen (roPL) on subsequent birth weights of their lambs and their milk production; (2) optimize the anti-roPL immunization protocol using adjuvant preparations acceptable to producers and regulatory agencies; and (3) determine the physiological mechanism(s) whereby immunization against oPL increases fetal growth and development and mammogenesis. These objectives were based on key findings from a previous BARD project that: (a) immunization of ewes against roPL increased lamb birth weight and ewe milk production during lactation; (b) roPL and recombinant ovine growth hormone (roGH) increased the proliferation and differentiated function of endometrial glands that, in turn, would enhance uterine secretions necessary for fetal and placental growth; and (c) exogenous roPL and roGH stimulated mammogenesis and milk production during lactation. The BARD projects address central problems in sheep production, including reproductive failure due to embryonic/fetal mortality, low birth weight of lambs especially in prolific breeds, and reduced milk yields which affect neonatal survival. The sheep placenta secretes both lactogenic (oPL) and somatogenic (oGH) hormones. The receptors for those hormones are present in the fetus and placenta as well as maternal uterus, and mammary gland. Our research has focused on determining the biological role of these placental hormones in development and differentiation of the uterus during gestation and the mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation. Studies conducted in the current BARD project indicated that the effects of anti-roPL immunization were variable in ewes and that commercially available and widely acceptable adjuvant preparations were not effective to produce high anti-roPL titers in pre-pubertal ewes. In the non-prolific Rambouillet ewe in Texas and in the Awassi and the Assaf in Israel, anti-roPL immunization increased lamb birth weight; however, the magnitude of this effect and the inherent variability precluded our ability to determine the physiological mechanism of how the immunization increases fetal growth. Collectively, our findings suggest that anti-roPL immunization is not currently feasible as an easy and efficacious tool for the producer to increase flock reproductive and production efficiency. The variability in response of individual ewes to anti-roPL immunization likely includes modifying the recombinant hormone and the type of adjuvant used for the immunization. In particular, the oPL may need to be modified to ensure maximum antigenicity in a broad range of breed types. Nonetheless, the investigators continue to collaborate on identifying fundamental mechanisms that can be improved by genetics or management to enhance the efficiency of uteroplacental function and, in turn, fetal growth and development. High prolificacy is a desirable trait in intensive sheep production systems. One of the main limitations of using prolific breeds of sheep is that increased litter size is associated with low birth weights and increased mortality of lambs. Further, low birth weight is associated with an increased propensity for adult diseases and decreased production efficiency. Indeed, our recent studies find that the birth weights of lambs born in large litters can be improved by both genetics and management. Future cooperative research will continue to focus on reproductive efficiency of sheep that have broader implications for improving production efficiency in all types of ruminant livestock.
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