Journal articles: 'Shear thickening fluid'

1

Gürgen, Selim. "An investigation on composite laminates including shear thickening fluid under stab condition." Journal of Composite Materials 53, no. 8 (August 22, 2018): 1111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318796158.

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Shear thickening fluids have been extensively utilized in composite laminate structures to enhance the impact resistance in the last decade. Despite the contribution of shear thickening fluids to the protective systems, the mechanism behind the energy absorption behavior of shear thickening fluids is not fully understood. In the present study, various configurations of composite laminates were prepared and these structures were investigated under low velocity stab conditions. Contrary to the common idea of shear thickening fluid impregnation for fabrics, shear thickening fluids were used in bulk form and by means of this, pure contribution of shear thickening behavior to the energy absorption was investigated. To hold the bulk shear thickening fluids in the composite laminates, Lantor Soric SF honeycomb layers were filled with shear thickening fluids and Twaron fabrics were plied in the structures as the reinforcement. As a result of this study, it is stated that shear thickening behavior is insufficient to effectively improve the energy absorption performance of composite laminates; however, shear thickening fluids are beneficial to fabric based composites because the inter-yarn friction of fabrics is enhanced using shear thickening fluids as an impregnation agent rather than a bulk form.

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Ali, N., Y. Wang, T. Hayat, and M. Oberlack. "Numerical solution of peristaltic transport of an Oldroyd 8-constant fluid in a circular cylindrical tube." Canadian Journal of Physics 87, no. 9 (September 2009): 1047–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p09-081.

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The present paper is concerned with the peristaltic flow of a non-Newtonian fluid in circular cylindrical tube. Long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations are adopted in the problem definition. The non-Newtonian behaviour of the fluid is characterized by the constitutive equation of an Oldroyd 8-constant fluid. The governing nonlinear equation and boundary conditions are solved numerically by a suitable finite-difference method with an iterative scheme. It is seen that shear-thinning and shear-thickening phenomena can be explained through the chosen fluid model. The interaction of shear-thinning and shear-thickening effects with peristaltic motion is studied in detail with particular focus on the basic features of peristalsis such as flow characteristics, pumping characteristics, and trapping. It is found that pressure rise per wavelength against which peristalsis has to work as a positive displacement pump decreases in going from shear-thickening to shear-thinning fluids. Moreover, for strong shear-thinning fluids trapping does not appear. However, a trapped bolus occurs for a weak shear-thinning fluid and its size increases as the fluid is changing from shear thinning towards weak shear thickening. For strong shear-thickening fluids such increase in the size and circulation of bolus stops.

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Wang, Lijuan, Kejing Yu, Diantang Zhang, and Kun Qian. "The cut resistant characteristics of organic high-performance yarns and STF/yarns." Journal of Industrial Textiles 49, no. 10 (November 20, 2018): 1317–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1528083718811091.

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This paper mainly investigated the cut resistant property of shear thickening fluid enhanced organic high-performance yarn. Cut tests of neat yarn and shear thickening fluids/yarn were performed with two cutting angles. External forces involved in the cutting were analyzed. A simple theoretical relation was established based on the principle of the energy conversion. Two types of shear thickening fluids were prepared. Compared to neat yarn, the shear thickening fluids/yarn exhibited extremely high cut resistant property, especially, shear thickening fluids/yarn with graphene, indicating a synergistic effect. Fracture surfaces of fibers after yarns cut off were initially studied, which verified the cut resistant characteristics of organic high-performance yarns and shear thickening fluids/yarn.

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Bouchendouka, Abdellah, Zine El Abiddine Fellah, Zakaria Larbi, Nicholas O. Ongwen, Erick Ogam, Mohamed Fellah, and Claude Depollier. "Flow of a Self-Similar Non-Newtonian Fluid Using Fractal Dimensions." Fractal and Fractional 6, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract6100582.

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In this paper, the study of the fully developed flow of a self-similar (fractal) power-law fluid is presented. The rheological way of behaving of the fluid is modeled utilizing the Ostwald–de Waele relationship (covering shear-thinning, Newtonian and shear-thickening fluids). A self-similar (fractal) fluid is depicted as a continuum in a noninteger dimensional space. Involving vector calculus for the instance of a noninteger dimensional space, we determine an analytical solution of the Cauchy equation for the instance of a non-Newtonian self-similar fluid flow in a cylindrical pipe. The plot of the velocity profile obtained shows that the rheological behavior of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid is essentially impacted by its self-similar structure. A self-similar shear thinning fluid and a self-similar Newtonian fluid take on a shear-thickening way of behaving, and a self-similar shear-thickening fluid becomes more shear thickening. This approach has many useful applications in industry, for the investigation of blood flow and fractal fluid hydrology.

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5

Morris, Jeffrey F. "Shear Thickening of Concentrated Suspensions: Recent Developments and Relation to Other Phenomena." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 52, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 121–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010816-060128.

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Shear thickening is the increase of the apparent viscosity as shear rate or shear stress increases. This phenomenon is pronounced in concentrated (dense) suspensions of both colloidal-scale and larger particles, with an abrupt form, known as discontinuous shear thickening, observed as the maximum flowable solid fraction is approached. An overview of observed shear thickening behavior is presented, with a discussion of present understanding of the relationship of suspension shear thickening to granular jamming. Mechanistic arguments for the extreme change in rheological properties are outlined, and recent evidence from experiment and simulation for the role of contact forces is presented. Interactions of particles by fluid mechanical lubrication, contact, and steric and electrostatic forces, together with extreme stresses that may lead to solid deformation, require consideration of surface interactions and their tribological consequences in describing shear thickening.

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Wei, Minghai, Kun Lin, Qian Guo, and Hong Sun. "Characterization and performance analysis of a shear thickening fluid damper." Measurement and Control 52, no. 1-2 (January 2019): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294018819543.

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Shear thickening fluid is a smart material with rheological properties that can be rapidly varied by excitation changes. To fully explore the advantages of using shear thickening fluid in various devices, a phenomenological model for simulating complex viscosity characteristics of the shear thickening fluid has been developed, and an analytical model has been presented to predict the mechanical characteristics and performance of a damper filled with shear thickening fluid. Based on the analytical model, the force displacement curves are first analyzed for different excitation amplitudes and frequencies. Second, an investigation of the time history of the damping force at various excitation amplitudes is conducted. Finally, the effects of key design parameters on the force displacement and force velocity curves are discussed. The results show that the shear thickening fluid damper exhibits significant velocity correlation, and the damping force increased as the shear rate of shear thickening fluid increased until the threshold value. For the vibration with high frequency, or fast velocity, or large amplitude, the shear thickening fluid is easy to have high shear rate, which results in a great vibration control capability for the shear thickening fluid damper.

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Hasan-nezhad, Hossein, Mojtaba Yazdani, Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi, and Mohsen Jeddi. "Mechanical behavior of 3D GFRP composite with pure and treated shear thickening fluid matrix subject to quasi-static puncture and shear impact loading." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 26 (May 4, 2020): 3933–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320922288.

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In this study, a new low-velocity shear impact test was introduced to carefully investigate the resistance of 3D E-glass fiber reinforced polymer composites with shear thickening fluid matrix. The shear thickening fluids were prepared by dispersing silica nano-particles in polyethylene glycol. Pure shear thickening fluid was modified by treating the silica surface with (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane. Despite the low-velocity shear impact test, various experimental tests such as yarn pull-out, quasi-static puncture, flexibility and thickness tests were carried out to study the mechanical behavior of the composites. Results revealed the treated shear thickening fluid up to 60 wt% improves the performance of the impregnated samples against the yarn pull-out and puncture tests by 353% and 45%, respectively, and their shear impact resistance by 130% compared to the neat cases without noticeably affecting the fabric flexibility.

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8

Wei, Minghai, Li Sun, Peipei Qi, Chunguang Chang, and Chunyang Zhu. "Continuous phenomenological modeling for the viscosity of shear thickening fluids." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 8 (January 1, 2018): 184798041878655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1847980418786551.

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In general, shear thickening fluids show a marked increase in viscosity beyond a critical shear rate, which can be attributed to the hydrodynamic clustering effects, where in any external energy acting on a shear thickening fluid is dissipated quickly. However, there is a lack of theoretical modeling to predict the viscosity curve of shear thickening fluids, which changes continuously with the increasing shear rate. In this article, a phenomenological continuous viscosity modeling for a class of shear thickening fluids is proposed. The modeling predicts shear thickening and thinning behaviors that are naturally exhibited by shear thickening fluids for high and high enough values of the shear rate. The result shows that the phenomenological modeling provides a very good fit for several independent experimental data sets. Therefore, the proposed modeling can be used in numerical simulations and theoretical analysis across different engineering fields.

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Weerasinghe, Dakshitha, Damith Mohotti, and Jeremy Anderson. "Incorporation of shear thickening fluid effects into computational modelling of woven fabrics subjected to impact loading: A review." International Journal of Protective Structures 11, no. 3 (November 21, 2019): 340–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041419619889071.

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Soft armour consisting of multi-layered high-performance fabrics are a popular choice for personal protection. Extensive work done in the last few decades suggests that shear thickening fluids improve the impact resistance of woven fabrics. Shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics have been proven as an ideal candidate for producing comfortable, high-performance soft body armour. However, the mechanism of defeating a projectile using a shear thickening fluid–impregnated multi-layered fabric is not fully understood and can be considered as a gap in the research done on the improvement of soft armour. Even though considerable progress has been achieved on dry fabrics, limited studies have been performed on shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics. The knowledge of simulation of multi-layered fabric armour is not well developed. The complexity in creating the geometry of the yarns, incorporating friction between yarns and initial pre-tension between yarns due to weaving patterns make the numerical modelling a complex process. In addition, the existing knowledge in this area is widely dispersed in the published literature and requires synthesis to enhance the development of shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics. Therefore, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current methods of modelling shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics with a critical analysis of the techniques used. The review is preceded by an overview of shear thickening behaviour and related mechanisms, followed by a discussion of innovative approaches in numerical modelling of fabrics. A novel state-of-the-art means of modelling shear thickening fluid–impregnated fabrics is proposed in conclusion of the review of current methods. A short case study is also presented using the proposed approach of modelling.

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10

Bouchendouka, Abdellah, Zine El Abiddine Fellah, Zakaria Larbi, Zineeddine Louna, Erick Ogam, Mohamed Fellah, and Claude Depollier. "Fractal Analysis of a Non-Newtonian Fluid Flow in a Rough-Walled Pipe." Materials 15, no. 10 (May 22, 2022): 3700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103700.

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The fully developed laminar flow of a viscous non-Newtonian fluid in a rough-walled pipe is considered. The fluid rheology is described by the power–law model (covering shear thinning, Newtonian, and shear thickening fluids). The rough surface of the pipe is considered to be fractal, and the surface roughness is measured using surface fractal dimensions. The main focus of this study lies in the theoretical investigation of the influence of the pipe surface roughness on the velocity profile and the Darcy friction factor of an incompressible non-Newtonian fluid. The plotted results demonstrate that shear thinning fluids are the most sensitive to the surface roughness compared with Newtonian and shear thickening fluids. For a particular value of the surface fractal dimension, there exists an intersection point where shear thinning, Newtonian, and shear thickening fluids behave the same way regarding the amplitude of the velocity profile and the friction factor. This approach has a variety of potential applications, for instance fluid dynamics in hydrology, blood flow in the cardiovascular system, and many industrial applications.

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11

Zhang, Xianzhou, Weihua Li, and X. L. Gong. "Study on magnetorheological shear thickening fluid." Smart Materials and Structures 17, no. 1 (January 17, 2008): 015051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/17/1/015051.

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12

Wang, Yan, Shu Kui Li, and Xin Ya Feng. "The Ballistic Performance of Multi-Layer Kevlar Fabrics Impregnated with Shear Thickening Fluids." Applied Mechanics and Materials 782 (August 2015): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.782.153.

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This study investigates the ballistic penetration performance of aramid fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid. The ballistic test was conducted at impact velocity of 445 m/s, and three types of shear thickening fluids prepared with silica particles of different sizes (200nm, 340nm and 480nm) are involved. The results demonstrate an enhancement in ballistic properties of fabric due to the impregnation of shear thickening fluids. The fabrics with smaller particle size show better ballistic performance. Microscopic observation of aramid fabric reveals that shear thickening fluids with smaller silica particles have a better adhesion on and between yarns, enhancinging the coupling effect between yarns. The corresponding mechanism was discussed in the paper.

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13

Passey, Pavni, Mansi Singh, Sanjeev K. Verma, Debarati Bhattacharya, and Rajeev Mehta. "Steady shear and dynamic strain thickening of halloysite nanotubes and fumed silica shear thickening composite." Journal of Polymer Engineering 38, no. 10 (November 27, 2018): 915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2018-0043.

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Abstract Developing the shear thickening fluids (STF) which can be used for soft body armours requires an in depth study of various parameters related to its constituents so that a high critical viscosity along with high critical shear rate can be obtained. Shape of the constituting particles is one such important parameter. Elongated and nanosize particles provide high critical viscosity to the fluid, whereas spherical particles show high critical shear rates. STF were prepared using halloysite (Hal) nanotubes of different concentrations with fumed silica (spheres) and their rheological properties were studied. A better non-flocculated structure was obtained at 1% Hal in 20% fumed silica composition, exhibiting a critical viscosity of 25 Pas at a critical shear rate 160 s−1 as compared to that of only spherical particle STF (10 Pas and 200 s−1). The oscillatory tests revealed that this composition, with a better consistent reproducible behaviour and better stability than the STF without Hal, would be suitable as a high impact resistant material. Gel formation does not take place, rather the fluid behaves like a dispersed sol, making it a better choice for using with protective fabrics. The rheology was studied at different temperatures ranging from 0°C to 55°C.

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14

Wang, Ping, Zhiyuan Chen, Kun Qian, and Kejing Yu. "Vibration Characteristics of Shear Thickening Fluid-Based Sandwich Structures." Advances in Polymer Technology 2022 (September 9, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6959485.

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The vibration attenuation mechanism of shear thickening fluid- (STF-) filled sandwich structures was investigated in this study. Structural equivalent damping, stiffness, and mass increased simultaneously with the increase in the volume fraction of shear thickening fluid. However, the damping ratio decreased and natural frequency increased with the increase in structural mass. Thus, the damping ratio was not a monotonically increasing function of the volume fraction of STF. A modified shear strain model of the damping layer was developed based on the following conditions: (1) under the condition of small strain, shear thickening fluid was regarded as linear viscoelastic material, and (2) the warpage of the sandwich beam was considered during deformation and the influence of STF on the shear strain of sandwich beam. According to the modified shear strain model of the damping layer, the shear thickening occurred at 1 Hz to 20 Hz during vibration. Therefore, the resonance point of the structure shifted to the left. The predictions were in excellent agreement with the experimental results. The results demonstrated that shear thickening fluid improved the vibration damping performance of the sandwich structure, while the thickening ability was not the higher, the better.

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15

Chen, Qian, Mei Liu, Shouhu Xuan, Wanquan Jiang, Saisai Cao, and Xinglong Gong. "Shear dependent electrical property of conductive shear thickening fluid." Materials & Design 121 (May 2017): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.02.056.

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16

Hess, Ortwin, and Siegfried Hess. "Nonlinear fluid behavior: from shear thinning to shear thickening." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 207, no. 4 (June 1994): 517–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(94)90208-9.

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17

Salehin, Rofiques, Rong-Guang Xu, and Stefanos Papanikolaou. "Colloidal Shear-Thickening Fluids Using Variable Functional Star-Shaped Particles: A Molecular Dynamics Study." Materials 14, no. 22 (November 14, 2021): 6867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14226867.

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Complex colloidal fluids, depending on constituent shapes and packing fractions, may have a wide range of shear-thinning and/or shear-thickening behaviors. An interesting way to transition between different types of such behavior is by infusing complex functional particles that can be manufactured using modern techniques such as 3D printing. In this paper, we perform 2D molecular dynamics simulations of such fluids with infused star-shaped functional particles, with a variable leg length and number of legs, as they are infused in a non-interacting fluid. We vary the packing fraction (ϕ) of the system, and for each different system, we apply shear at various strain rates, turning the fluid into a shear-thickened fluid and then, in jammed state, rising the apparent viscosity of the fluid and incipient stresses. We demonstrate the dependence of viscosity on the functional particles’ packing fraction and we show the role of shape and design dependence of the functional particles towards the transition to a shear-thickening fluid.

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18

Nakanishi, Hiizu, and Namiko Mitarai. "Shear Thickening Oscillation in a Dilatant Fluid." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 80, no. 3 (March 15, 2011): 033801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.80.033801.

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Liu, Mei, Wanquan Jian, Sheng Wang, Shouhu Xuan, Linfeng Bai, Min Sang, and Xinglong Gong. "Shear thickening fluid with tunable structural colors." Smart Materials and Structures 27, no. 9 (August 6, 2018): 095012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-665x/aad587.

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20

Afeshejani, Seyed Hossein Amiri, Seyed Ali Reza Sabet, Mohammad Ebrahim Zeynali, and Mohammad Atai. "Energy Absorption in a Shear-Thickening Fluid." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 23, no. 12 (September 9, 2014): 4289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-014-1217-z.

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21

Jiang, Weifeng, Xinglong Gong, Shouhu Xuan, Wanquan Jiang, Fang Ye, Xiaofeng Li, and Taixiang Liu. "Stress pulse attenuation in shear thickening fluid." Applied Physics Letters 102, no. 10 (March 11, 2013): 101901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4795303.

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22

Li, Wei Hua, and Xian Zhou Zhang. "Rheology of Magnetorheological Shear Thickening Fluids." Advanced Materials Research 32 (February 2008): 161–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.32.161.

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This paper presents fabrication and characterizing of a new functional material, magnetorheological shear thickening fluid (MRSTF), by mixing micron-sized magnetizable particles with nano-sized silica particle based shear thickening fluid. Dynamic properties of the MRSTF were characterized by using a parallel-plate rheometer. The effects of steady-state shear rate and magnetic field on MRSTF rheological properties were addressed. The suspension shows an abrupt increase in complex viscosity beyond a critical dynamic shear rate and a magnetic field controllable characteristic, as well as reversible.

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23

Chen, Dongmei, and Jianzhong Lin. "Steady State of Motion of Two Particles in Poiseuille Flow of Power-Law Fluid." Polymers 14, no. 12 (June 11, 2022): 2368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14122368.

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The steady state of motion of two particles in Poiseuille flow of power-law fluid is numerically studied using the lattice Boltzmann method in the range of Reynolds number 20 ≤ Re ≤ 60, diameter ratio of two particles 0.125 ≤ β ≤ 2.4, and power-law index of the fluid 0.4 ≤ n ≤ 1.2. Some results are validated by comparing with other available results. The effects of Re, β, and n on the steady state of motion of two particles are discussed. The results show that, for two particles of the same diameter, the particle spacing l in the steady state is independent of n. In shear-thinning fluid, l increases rapidly at first and then slowly, finally approaching a constant for different Re. In shear-thickening fluid, although l tends to be stable in the end, the values of l after stabilization are different. For two particles of different sizes, l does not always reach a stable state, and whether it reaches a stable state depends on n. When the small particle is downstream, l increases rapidly at first and then slowly in shear-thickening fluid, but increases rapidly at first and then decreases slowly, finally approaching a constant in a shear-thinning fluid. In shear-thinning fluid, the larger n is, the smaller l is. In shear-thickening fluid, β has no effect on l in steady-state. When the large particle is downstream, l increases rapidly at first and then slowly in shear-thinning fluid but increases rapidly at first and then decreases in a shear-thickening fluid. The effect of n on l in the steady state is obvious. In shear-thinning fluid, l increases rapidly at first and then slowly, the larger Re is, the smaller l is. In shear- thickening fluid, l will reach a stable state.

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24

Friedman, M. H. "Arterial Fluid Mechanics and Biological Response." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (May 1, 1990): S103—S108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120788.

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To better understand the response of the arterial wall to the adjacent blood flow, corresponding hemodynamic and histomorphometric data are obtained at multiple sites in human arteries. The hemodynamic data are obtained by perfusing realistically compliant flow-through casts of vascular segments with physiologically realistic pulsatile flows and measuring near-wall velocities by laser Doppler velocimetry. The hemodynamic and histologic data in combination suggest that the thickening response of the innermost layer of the vessel wall, which may precede atherosclerosis at the site, varies with time and wall shear: at early times, sites exposed to relatively high and unidirectional shears are thicker, while at later times, their thickness is exceeded by that at sites exposed to relatively low or oscillatory shear forces. A biologically plausible mathematical model of the thickening process supports the hypothesis that this behavior can be the consequence of multiple shear-dependent processes in the vessel wall.

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Baharvandi, Hamid Reza, Peiman Khaksari, Morteza Alebouyeh, Masoud Alizadeh, Jalal Khojasteh, and Naser Kordani. "Investigating the quasi-static puncture resistance of p-aramid nanocomposite impregnated with the shear thickening fluid." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 33, no. 22 (October 9, 2014): 2064–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684414554635.

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The effect of impregnating p-aramid fabrics with shear thickening fluids on their quasi-static puncture resistance performance has been investigated. To prepare the shear thickening fluid, 12 and 60-nm silica particles have been dispersed in polyethylene glycol by means of mechanical mixing. The results of rheological tests indicate that the reduction of particle size leads to the increase of suspension viscosity, increase of critical shear rate, and the diminishing of the frequency of transition to elastic state for the shear thickening fluids. Samples of p-aramid impregnated fabrics were subjected to the quasi-static puncture resistance test according to the American Society for Testing and Materials standard D6264. The quasi-static puncture resistance increased 4.5 times for samples with 35 wt% silica concentration relative to the neat sample. In particular, with the reduction of particle size, the samples undergo less deformation and can withstand larger loads at each shear thickening fluid concentration. However, at low and medium concentrations (15 and 25 wt%), the reduction in the particle size has a large effect on the load-bearing capacity of the fabrics. But in the case of 35 wt% concentration for both the 12- and 60-nm particles, the difference between maximum loads withstood by the fabric is negligible.

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Sharma, Shuchi, Yogesh Kumar Walia, Gunjan Grover, and Verma K. Sanjeev. "Effect of Surface Modification of Silica Nanoparticles with Thiol group on the Shear Thickening Behaviors of the Suspensions of Silica Nanoparticles in polyethylene glycol (PEG)." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1225, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1225/1/012053.

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Abstract The Fine-tuning of Shear Thickening Fluids (STFs) by surface modification of silica particles has fascinated scientist’s interest worldwide as it results in performance enhancement of STF based on armor systems. In the current study, surface modified Silica nanoparticles (average diameter of 600 nm) possess thiol functional groups which were attained through a reaction with 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane in absolute ethanol at 90 °C. Shear thickening fluid of Thiol functionalized Silica nanoparticles were prepared by sonochemical method in polyethylene glycol (PEG-200). The rheological parameters of STFs (modified and unmodified silica Nano particles) were measured using Rheometer MCR 52, Anton Par, Germany. The shear thickening behavior of thiol-based STF shows shear thickening at a higher shear rate compared to only silica-based STF with the decrease in viscosity maximum.

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Lyu, Bing Hai, Wei Tao Dai, Hai Zhou Weng, Min Li, Qian Fa Deng, and Ju Long Yuan. "Influence of Components on the Rheological Property of Shear Thickening Polishing Slurry." Advanced Materials Research 1136 (January 2016): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1136.461.

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Shear thickening polishing (STP) method was newly developed to achieve high efficient and high quality finishing of complex curved surface. The shear thickening fluid based slurry is one of the key factors in STP process. Viscosity of different shear thickening polishing slurry (STPS) was tested by rheometer in this study. The influences of dispersed particle size and concentration, abrasive material, abrasive particle size and concentration on the rheological property of STPS were analyzed. The results show that smaller dispersed particle (5.5 or 13μm in this study) and relative higher concentration (50-55 wt.%) are better for shear thickening effect of the base fluid. The viscosity of base fluid increases from 0.15-0.3 Pa·s to 0.8-1.1 Pa·s under high shear rate. The participation of Al2O3 and diamond abrasive changes the rheological property little, and the viscosity of STPS reaches the highest value 1.8 Pa·s at shear rate 300 s-1. But SiC abrasive obviously destroys the shear thickening effect. SPTS with different Al2O3 abrasive concentration in this study presents almost same viscosity curve. It is inferred that the number of the abrasive particle but not the weight ratio plays the role to effect the rheological property of STPS.

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Wierzbicki, Łukasz, and Marcin Leonowicz. "Composition – Property Relations in Shear Thickening Fluids." Advances in Science and Technology 87 (October 2014): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.87.91.

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It was shown that fumed silica particles (FS), dispersed in polypropylene glycol (PPG), form shear thickening fluids (STF). PPGs with different molar mass were tested. The best combination of the properties (high viscosity, obtained at high shear rate) present the fluids composed of 7 nm FS and PPG 425. The highest volume fraction of FS, which was possible to disperse in PPG 425, was 25%. This fluid exhibited the highest viscosity. The highest magnitude of shear thickening effect was obtained, however, for 17.5 vol.% of the solid phase. Dynamic oscillatory shear experiments were conducted at either a constant amplitude or frequency. The constant strain amplitude tests showed, that for the frequency sweep, the systems showed viscous properties, except that of 25 vol.% of FS in PPG 425, which exhibited elastic properties in almost entire range of the frequency investigated. For the constant strain sweep, for low strains, the elastic modulus and loss modulus were hardly dependent on the strain, but for relatively high strain, this dependency was increasing. Also the complex viscosity was also growing for high strain values.

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29

Delhommelle, J. "Onset of shear thickening in a simple fluid." European Physical Journal E 15, no. 1 (September 2004): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/i2004-10038-8.

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30

Soutrenon, M., and V. Michaud. "Impact properties of shear thickening fluid impregnated foams." Smart Materials and Structures 23, no. 3 (February 14, 2014): 035022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/3/035022.

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31

Wilson, Helen J. "‘Shear thickening’ in non-shear flows: the effect of microstructure." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 836 (December 11, 2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.744.

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The bizarre behaviour of a cornstarch suspension (sometimes called oobleck) is well known to all of us who have led public engagement events. At the right solids fraction, it flows smoothly at slow speeds, but can be shattered with a quick spoon movement; if you prepare a large enough sample, you can run across the surface (but if you stand still, you will sink). In rheology circles this phenomenon is known as shear thickening, though the flows described above are not necessarily shear-dominated. In recent years there has been a proliferation of research on the mechanism behind true shear thickening, using both experiments and numerical simulations of shear flows. The understanding of the underlying mechanism is improving markedly. But the paper ‘Microstructure and thickening of dense suspensions under extensional and shear flows’ (Seto, Giusteri & Martinello, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 825, 2017, R3) is the first to consider more general flows. We have, for the first time, simulations of thickening in extensional flows, which are a far better description of oobleck with a runner on top – and can begin to quantify the difference between the idealised shear thickening and the extension thickening that happens in practice.

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Chen, Qian, Shouhu Xuan, Wanquan Jiang, Saisai Cao, and Xinglong Gong. "Shear time dependent viscosity of polystyrene-ethylacrylate based shear thickening fluid." Smart Materials and Structures 25, no. 4 (March 14, 2016): 045005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/4/045005.

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Lim, Jaehyeong, and Sang-Woo Kim. "Enhanced damping characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite structures." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 31, no. 20 (January 8, 2020): 2291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19898769.

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Lightweight carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures with high stiffness are at risk of resonant vibration. Our study proposes a methodology to reduce this risk by passively improving the damping ratio of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures. We developed shear thickening fluid hybrid composite structures by applying polyimide tubes filled with shear thickening fluid having rheological properties into a composite laminate. In order to verify the proposed methodology, carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite beams were fabricated, and modal tests were subsequently performed to investigate their dynamic characteristics. The results revealed that the damping ratios for the initial six vibration modes of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer–based shear thickening fluid hybrid composite beam increased by 38%–174%; however, their Young’s modulus and tensile strength, respectively, decreased by 11.25% and 14.08% when compared to those of normal carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite beams. We believe that the proposed methodology to improve the damping ratio will contribute in reducing the risk of vibration resonance of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite structures in various applications.

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Yu, Liyan, and John Hinch. "Drops of power-law fluids falling on a coated vertical fibre." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 751 (June 19, 2014): 184–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.301.

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AbstractWe study the solitary wave solutions in a thin film of a power-law fluid coating a vertical fibre. Different behaviours are observed for shear-thickening and shear-thinning fluids. For shear-thickening fluids, the solitary waves are larger and faster when the reduced Bond number is smaller. For shear-thinning fluids, two branches of solutions exist for a certain range of the Bond number, where the solitary waves are larger and faster on one and smaller and slower on the other as the Bond number decreases. We carry out an asymptotic analysis for the large and fast-travelling solitary waves to explain how their speeds and amplitudes change with the Bond number. The analysis is then extended to examine the stability of the two branches of solutions for the shear-thinning fluids.

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Antosik, A., M. Głuszek, R. Żurowski, and M. Szafran. "Effect of SiO2 Particle Size and Length of Poly(Propylene Glycol) Chain on Rheological Properties of Shear Thickening Fluids." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0247.

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AbstractThe rheological properties of shear thickening fluids based on silica powder of particles size in range 0.10 – 2.80 μm and poly(propylene glycol) of 425, 1000, 2000 g/mol molar mass were investigated. The effect of particle size and the length of the polymeric chain was considered. The objective of this study was to understand basic trends of physicochemical properties of used materials on the onset and the maximum of shear thickening and dilatant effect. Outcome of the research suggested that an increase in the particle size caused a decrease in dilatant effect and shift towards higher shear rate values. Application of carrier fluid of higher molar mass allowed to increase dilatant effect but it resulted in the increase of the initial viscosity of the fluid.

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Ahmed, Gulraiz, Mathieu Sellier, Yeaw Chu Lee, Mark Jermy, and Michael Taylor. "Rheological effects on the levelling dynamics of thin fluid films." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 25, no. 8 (November 2, 2015): 1850–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-10-2013-0295.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate numerically the effect of rheology on the leveling of thin fluid films on horizontal solid substrates. Design/methodology/approach – A mathematical model based on the lubrication approximation which defines non-Newtonian rheology using a Power-law model is presented. The rheology is described by two parameters: the consistency factor and the flow behavior index. The resulting highly non-linear coupled set of equations is discretized using Finite-Difference and the resulting algebraic system is solved via an efficient Multigrid algorithm. Findings – Importantly, the non-dimensionalization process leads to a pair of Partial Differential Equations which depends on one parameter only, the flow behavior index. The authors show that the consistency factor only affects the time scale of the leveling process, hence stretching or contracting the time line. Results for the leveling of sinusoidal perturbations of the fluid film highlights important differences between the leveling of shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids. In a normalized time frame, the onset of leveling occurs earlier for the shear-thinning fluid than for the shear-thickening one. However, the dimensionless leveling rate is higher for the shear-thickening fluid than the shear-thinning one. This results in a “threshold thickness” which delimits two regimes: the shear-thinning fluid levels to a thickness above this threshold faster than the shear-thickening fluid but the opposite is true for a film thickness below this threshold. An important aspect of this study is the verification of the numerical implementation using the Method of Manufactured Solutions (MMS), a first in the context of thin film studies. The paper also highlights differences between the leveling of two-dimensional and three-dimensional thickness perturbations. Originality/value – The study of the leveling of disturbances at the free surface of a liquid film using a Power-law rheological model does not appear to have been covered in the literature. Also, the paper uses the MMS to test the validity of the implementation. This appears to be the first time it has been used in the context of the lubrication approximation. Finally, unlike most prior studies, the work does away with the planar assumption.

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Nuampakdee, Natnicha, Sujarinee Sinchai, and Chaiwut Gamonpilas. "Effect of Alumina Addition on the Rheological Behavior of Shear Thickening Fluids." Key Engineering Materials 798 (April 2019): 331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.331.

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Shear thickening fluids (STF) have attracted much attention in many applications including body armor. In this study, suspensions of silica colloidal particles and polyethylene glycol fluid were prepared at varying volume fractions φ = 0.3 to 0.52 and their rheological behavior was investigated. It was found that the suspensions exhibited a Newtonian behavior for φ < 0.4, whilst a shear thinning followed by a thickening behavior could clearly be observed for φ > 0.4. Furthermore, the critical shear rates for the onset of shear thickening was found to decrease with increasing silica volume fraction but the corresponding critical shear stresses were independent of the volume fraction. To improve the ballistic protective performance, small amount of hard material particles, such as alumina, were added into the silica suspension of φ = 0.5. It was shown that the critical shear rates of the reinforced-STFs decreased with increasing volume fraction and decreasing alumina particle size. However, higher thickening ratio was observed for the alumina additive with agglomerated structure and this ratio increased with increasing alumina volume fraction.

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Muntazir, R. M. Akram, M. Mushtaq, S. Shahzadi, and K. Jabeen. "Influence of Chemically Reacting Ferromagnetic Carreau Nanofluid over a Stretched Sheet with Magnetic Dipole and Viscous Dissipation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (February 19, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6652522.

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Due to potential implications, boundary layer analysis of chemically reacting Carreau nanofluid has been carried out to examine flow properties of ferromagnetic fluid over a stretched sheet in the presence of magnetic dipole, for shear thinning and shear thickening fluids. Furthermore, the transportation of heat under thermal radiation, heat generation, the Brownian, and thermophoresis aspects has been evaluated. The dimensionless form of highly nonlinear coupled partial differential equations is obtained using suitable similarity transformations and then solved numerically by well-known bvp 4 c technique via MATLAB based on the shooting method. The outcomes of physical quantities are presented through graphs and numerical benchmarks. Moreover, outcomes for skin fraction, Sherwood and Nusselt numbers for velocity, concentration, and temperature are also estimated in this study. The present study reveals that the concentration and thermal boundary layer thicknesses were higher for shear thinning n < 1 fluid when compared with shear thickening n > 1 fluids, but reverse effects are to be observed for momentum boundary layer thickness.

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Rathee, Vikram, Daniel L. Blair, and Jeffrey S. Urbach. "Localized stress fluctuations drive shear thickening in dense suspensions." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 33 (August 1, 2017): 8740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1703871114.

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Dense particulate suspensions exhibit a dramatic increase in average viscosity above a critical, material-dependent shear stress. This thickening changes from continuous to discontinuous as the concentration is increased. Using direct measurements of spatially resolved surface stresses in the continuous thickening regime, we report the existence of clearly defined dynamic localized regions of substantially increased stress that appear intermittently at stresses above the critical stress. With increasing applied stress, these regions occupy an increasing fraction of the system, and the increase accounts quantitatively for the observed shear thickening. The regions represent high-viscosity fluid phases, with a size determined by the distance between the shearing surfaces and a viscosity that is nearly independent of shear rate but that increases rapidly with concentration. Thus, we find that continuous shear thickening arises from increasingly frequent localized discontinuous transitions between distinct fluid phases with widely differing viscosities.

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Haydarlar, Gökhan, Mehmet Alper Sofuoğlu, Selim Gürgen, Melih Cemal Kushan, and Mesut Tekkalmaz. "An Electromechanical <i>In Situ</i> Viscosity Measurement Technique for Shear Thickening Fluids." Advanced Engineering Forum 43 (November 16, 2021): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.43.33.

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This paper presents the feasibility of developing an electromechanical in-situ viscosity measurement technique by analyzing the detectability of small variations in the viscosity of different shear thickening fluids and their different compositions. Shear thickening fluid (STF) is a kind of non-Newtonian fluid showing an increasing viscosity profile under loading. STF is utilized in several applications to take advantage of its tunable rheology. However, process control in different STF applications requires rheological measurements, which cause a costly investment and long-lasting labor. Therefore, one of the most commonly used in-situ structural health monitoring techniques, electromechanical impedance (EMI), was used in this study. In order to actuate the medium electromechanically, a piezoelectric wafer active sensor (PWAS) was used. The variations in the spectral response of PWAS resonator that can be submerged into shear thickening fluid are analyzed by the root mean square deviation, mean absolute percentage deviation and correlation coefficient deviation. According to the results, EMI metrics provide good correlations with the rheological parameters of STF and thereby enabling quick and low-cost rheological control for STF applications such as vibration dampers or stiffness control systems.

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Fehrenbach, Joseph, Eric Hall, Luke Gibbon, Tanner Smith, Ali Amiri, and Chad Ulven. "Impact Resistant Flax Fiber Fabrics Using Shear Thickening Fluid." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7010031.

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Shear thickening fluids (STFs) have been shown to improve the effectiveness of fabrics used in soft body armor applications. They are used to increase the puncture and ballistic impact resistance of Kevlar® fabrics. However, the effect of using STFs with natural fabrics such as flax appears to have never been studied. Similarly, the hybridization of different fabric types impregnated with STF has also only undergone limited study. The rheology of STFs at varying concentrations of nanosilica dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) was studied at different temperatures. It was found that the STFs behave as a non-Newtonian fluid in response to changes in shear rate. In this study the effectiveness on the puncture and ballistic impact resistance of impregnating flax fabric with STF at concentrations of 30%, 50%, and 70% w/w of nanosilica in PEG was investigated. The effect of hybridization of flax and Kevlar® fabrics impregnated with STF was also investigated. The puncture resistance of both flax fabrics treated with STFs and hybrids treated with STFs was found to increase significantly and can be controlled by STF concentration. The ballistic impact resistance was also found to increase in the hybrid samples when STF concentration was at least 50%. The flax treated with STFs showed either a decrease in specific energy absorption per layer for the lower STF concentration, or a very small increase at 70% STF concentration.

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Na, Wonjin, Hyunchul Ahn, Sungjin Han, Philip Harrison, Jong Kyoo Park, Euigyung Jeong, and Woong-Ryeol Yu. "Shear behavior of a shear thickening fluid-impregnated aramid fabrics at high shear rate." Composites Part B: Engineering 97 (July 2016): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.05.017.

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Hu, Qifang, Guoxing Lu, Nishar Hameed, and Kwong Ming Tse. "Dynamic compressive behaviour of shear thickening fluid-filled honeycomb." International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 229 (September 2022): 107493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2022.107493.

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Chauhan, Vimal, Neelanchali Asija Bhalla, and Mohammad Danish. "Numerical modelling of shear thickening fluid in nanosilica dispersion." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 29 (November 28, 2019): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2019.21123.

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Mucha, Piotr B., Jan Peszek, and Milan Pokorný. "Flocking particles in a non-Newtonian shear thickening fluid." Nonlinearity 31, no. 6 (May 1, 2018): 2703–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6544/aab594.

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WANG, YAN, YAOFENG ZHU, and YAQIN FU. "PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF HNT–SiO2COMPOUNDED SHEAR THICKENING FLUID." Nano 09, no. 08 (December 2014): 1450100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292014501008.

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A novel shear thickening fluid (STF) obtained from a halloysite nanotube (HNT) and SiO2compounded system was successfully prepared using HNT and nano- SiO2as dispersed phases and polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG200) as the dispersion medium. The steady rheological behavior of the STF was investigated using a high-speed rotational rheometer, and the dispersion states of SiO2and HNT in PEG200 were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Results show that HNT and SiO2coexisted in the compounded system, and presented a special state that was both uniformly dispersed and partially enriched. The shear thickening effect of the STF was significantly enhanced by the enrichment of SiO2loaded on the surface of HNTs in the compounded system.

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Decker, M. J., C. J. Halbach, C. H. Nam, N. J. Wagner, and E. D. Wetzel. "Stab resistance of shear thickening fluid (STF)-treated fabrics." Composites Science and Technology 67, no. 3-4 (March 2007): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.08.007.

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Wei, Minghai, Gang Hu, Lu Jin, Kun Lin, and Dujian Zou. "Forced vibration of a shear thickening fluid sandwich beam." Smart Materials and Structures 25, no. 5 (April 13, 2016): 055041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/25/5/055041.

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Zhao, Peng, Qian Chen, Xue Gao, and Zhaoyong Wu. "Mechanical properties and cushioning mechanism of shear thickening fluid." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 34, no. 11 (November 2020): 4575–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0904-y.

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Rosti, Marco E., and Shu Takagi. "Shear-thinning and shear-thickening emulsions in shear flows." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 8 (August 2021): 083319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0063180.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shear thickening fluid'

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