Journal articles: 'Shear (Mechanics)'

1

Atkins, A. G. "Ductile Shear Fracture Mechanics." Key Engineering Materials 177-180 (April 2000): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.177-180.59.

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Friedman, M. H. "Arterial Fluid Mechanics and Biological Response." Applied Mechanics Reviews 43, no. 5S (May 1, 1990): S103—S108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120788.

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To better understand the response of the arterial wall to the adjacent blood flow, corresponding hemodynamic and histomorphometric data are obtained at multiple sites in human arteries. The hemodynamic data are obtained by perfusing realistically compliant flow-through casts of vascular segments with physiologically realistic pulsatile flows and measuring near-wall velocities by laser Doppler velocimetry. The hemodynamic and histologic data in combination suggest that the thickening response of the innermost layer of the vessel wall, which may precede atherosclerosis at the site, varies with time and wall shear: at early times, sites exposed to relatively high and unidirectional shears are thicker, while at later times, their thickness is exceeded by that at sites exposed to relatively low or oscillatory shear forces. A biologically plausible mathematical model of the thickening process supports the hypothesis that this behavior can be the consequence of multiple shear-dependent processes in the vessel wall.

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Li, Guodong, Qi An, Sergey I. Morozov, Bo Duan, Pengcheng Zhai, Qingjie Zhang, William A. Goddard III, and G. Jeffrey Snyder. "Determining ideal strength and failure mechanism of thermoelectric CuInTe2 through quantum mechanics." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 25 (2018): 11743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta03837f.

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Gent, A. N., J. B. Suh, and S. G. Kelly III. "Mechanics of rubber shear springs." International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics 42, no. 2 (March 2007): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnonlinmec.2006.11.006.

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Juran, C. M., M. F. Dolwick, and P. S. McFetridge. "Shear Mechanics of the TMJ Disc." Journal of Dental Research 92, no. 2 (November 19, 2012): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034512468749.

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The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex hinge and gliding joint that induces significant shear loads onto the fibrocartilage TMJ disc during jaw motion. The purpose of this study was to assess regional variation in the disc’s shear loading characteristics under physiologically relevant loads and to associate those mechanical findings with common clinical observations of disc fatigue and damage. Porcine TMJ discs were compressed between an axially translating bottom platen and a 2.5-cm-diameter indenter within a hydrated testing chamber. Discs were cyclically sheared at 0.5, 1, or 5 Hz to 1, 3, or 5% shear strain. Within the anterior and intermediate regions of the disc when sheared in the anteroposterior direction, both shear and compressive moduli experienced a significant decrease from instantaneous to steady state, while the posterior region’s compressive modulus decreased approximately 5%, and no significant loss of shear modulus was noted. All regions retained their shear modulus within 0.5% of instantaneous values when shear was applied in the mediolateral direction. The results of the disc’s regional shear mechanics suggest an observable and predictable link with the common clinical observation that the posterior region of the disc is most often the zone in which fatigue occurs, which may lead to disc damage and perforation.

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Dai, L. H., and Y. L. Bai. "Basic mechanical behaviors and mechanics of shear banding in BMGs." International Journal of Impact Engineering 35, no. 8 (August 2008): 704–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.10.007.

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Rosti, Marco E., and Shu Takagi. "Shear-thinning and shear-thickening emulsions in shear flows." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 8 (August 2021): 083319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0063180.

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Zhuang, Liang-Dong, and Ji-Zhi Zhao. "Numerical Study on the Seismic Behavior of Eccentrically Braced Composite Frames with a Vertical Low-Yield-Point Steel Shear Link." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091359.

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An eccentrically braced composite frame with a low-yield-point (LYP) steel shear link is an efficient energy dissipation system that exhibits good mechanical properties. However, existing experimental studies have not fully demonstrated the superiority and applicability of the structural system. We present a structural mechanics and finite element model analysis of an eccentrically braced composite frame with a vertical shear link. The effect of the design parameters on the seismic performance of the structure is analyzed. First, a theoretical model of the mechanics of the structural system is established to provide a comprehensive description of the key parameters. Then, a finite element model is developed using the computer program ABAQUS to analyze the mechanical and energy dissipation mechanisms. Finally, the beam-to-column stiffness ratio, shear link web thickness, shear link web width and length, and diagonal brace stiffness are analyzed to determine their effects on the mechanical properties of the structural system. Furthermore, some design parameter values are suggested.

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Shahgoli, Gholamhosein, J. Nasrollahi Azar, and Yousef Abbaspour-Gilandeh. "Development a Device for Measuring Soil Mechanical Properties." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 4445–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.4445.

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In tillage operations to know soil reaction force on the tools working inside soil and under agricultural vehicle tires, soil mechanical parameters should be determined. Measurement and determination of soil mechanical parameters will be helpful for optimum designing of tillage tools to decrease required energy. An experimental device was developed at the University of Mohaghegh Ardabil which is able to conduct three soil mechanics tests of sinkage, penetration and shear, by which soil cohesion, internal friction, stiffness, soil constant and strength were determined. For sinkage and penetration tests an electromotor power was translated to a rectangle plate via a translating system such that moves plate or cone penetrometer vertically and forces it in soil. While fore shear test it moves shear plate horizontally as plate shears the soil. Required forces for sinkage, penetration and shearing were measured by loadcell and vertical and horizontal displacements were measure using linear potentiometer (LVDT). All data logged to a loptop via a data logger. All mentioned parameters for a type of soil were computed desirably related tests.

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Ansari, Reza, Mahdi Mirnezhad, Hessam Rouhi, and Majid Bazdid-Vahdati. "Prediction of torsional buckling behaviour of single-walled SiC nanotubes based on molecular mechanics." Engineering Computations 32, no. 6 (August 3, 2015): 1837–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-10-2014-0198.

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Purpose – Based on the molecular mechanics approach, the purpose of this paper is to analytically investigate the torsional buckling behavior of single-walled silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNTs) with different values of diameter and chiral angles. Design/methodology/approach – To this end, the mechanical properties and atomic structure of a silicon carbide (SiC) sheet are evaluated based on the density functional theory (DFT) within the framework of the generalized gradient approximation. After that force constants of the total potential energy are theoretically obtained through establishing a linkage between the viewpoints of the quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics. Explicit expressions are presented to obtain the critical buckling shear strain corresponding to different types of chirality. The present model is capable to calculate the torsional buckling behavior of SiCNTs related to various chiral angles. The critical buckling shear strain is obtained for various types of chirality and compared with each other. Findings – It is concluded that for all diameters, zigzag nanotubes are more stable than armchair ones. Besides it is found that the minimum critical buckling shear strain is for nanotubes with (n, n/2) chiral vector. Originality/value – Investigating the torsional buckling behavior of single-walled SiCNTs with different values of diameter and chiral angle. Obtaining the mechanical properties and atomic structure of the SiC sheet based on the DFT calculations. Establishing a linkage between the molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics and obtaining the force constants of the molecular mechanics. Presenting the closed-form expression to calculate the critical buckling shear strain of single-walled SiCNTs corresponding to various types of chirality.

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11

Ashikaga, Hiroshi, Jeffrey H. Omens, Neil B. Ingels, and James W. Covell. "Transmural mechanics at left ventricular epicardial pacing site." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 6 (June 2004): H2401—H2407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01013.2003.

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Left ventricular (LV) epicardial pacing acutely reduces wall thickening at the pacing site. Because LV epicardial pacing also reduces transverse shear deformation, which is related to myocardial sheet shear, we hypothesized that impaired end-systolic wall thickening at the pacing site is due to reduction in myocardial sheet shear deformation, resulting in a reduced contribution of sheet shear to wall thickening. We also hypothesized that epicardial pacing would reverse the transmural mechanical activation sequence and thereby mitigate normal transmural deformation. To test these hypotheses, we investigated the effects of LV epicardial pacing on transmural fiber-sheet mechanics by determining three-dimensional finite deformation during normal atrioventricular conduction and LV epicardial pacing in the anterior wall of normal dog hearts in vivo. Our measurements indicate that impaired end-systolic wall thickening at the pacing site was not due to selective reduction of sheet shear, but rather resulted from overall depression of fiber-sheet deformation, and relative contributions of sheet strains to wall thickening were maintained. These findings suggest lack of effective end-systolic myocardial deformation at the pacing site, most likely because the pacing site initiates contraction significantly earlier than the rest of the ventricle. Epicardial pacing also induced reversal of the transmural mechanical activation sequence, which depressed sheet extension and wall thickening early in the cardiac cycle, whereas transverse shear and sheet shear deformation were not affected. These findings suggest that normal sheet extension and wall thickening immediately after activation may require normal transmural activation sequence, whereas sheet shear deformation may be determined by local anatomy.

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12

Rezvani, A., E. Bagherpour, and R. Ebrahimi. "Circular Simple Shear Extrusion as an Alternative to Simple Shear Extrusion Technique." Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering 44, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40997-018-0257-7.

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13

Dangaria, Jhanvi H., and Peter J. Butler. "Macrorheology and adaptive microrheology of endothelial cells subjected to fluid shear stress." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 293, no. 5 (November 2007): C1568—C1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00193.2007.

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Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) respond to temporal and spatial characteristics of hemodynamic forces by alterations in their adhesiveness to leukocytes, secretion of vasodilators, and permeability to blood-borne constituents. These physiological and pathophysiological changes are tied to adaptation of cell mechanics and mechanotransduction, the process by which cells convert forces to intracellular biochemical signals. The exact time scales of these mechanical adaptations, however, remain unknown. We used particle-tracking microrheology to study adaptive changes in intracellular mechanics in response to a step change in fluid shear stress, which simulates both rapid temporal and steady features of hemodynamic forces. Results indicate that ECs become significantly more compliant as early as 30 s after a step change in shear stress from 0 to 10 dyn/cm2followed by recovery of viscoelastic parameters within 4 min of shearing, even though shear stress was maintained. After ECs were sheared for 5 min, return of shear stress to 0 dyn/cm2in a stepwise manner did not result in any further rheological adaptation. Average vesicle displacements were used to determine time-dependent cell deformation and macrorheological parameters by fitting creep function to a linear viscoelastic liquid model. Characteristic time and magnitude for shear-induced deformation were 3 s and 50 nm, respectively. We conclude that ECs rapidly adapt their mechanical properties in response to shear stress, and we provide the first macrorheological parameters for time-dependent deformations of ECs to a physiological forcing function. Such studies provide insight into pathologies such as atherosclerosis, which may find their origins in EC mechanics.

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14

Zhao, Wan Chun, Ting Ting Wang, Chen Yan Sun, and Cai Ping Yang. "The Damage Mechanics Model of the Sidewall Rock under the Effect of Shear Stress." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 2406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.2406.

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In order to describe the effect of shear stress on the sidewall rock mechanic distribution accurately, in this paper, we have established the micro unit stress equilibrium equation for failure zone and damage zone of the sidewall rock based on damage mechanical mechanism. Establishing the model for calculating radial stress, circumferential stress and shear stress of the sidewall rock considering the shear stress. We have obtained the scope of failure zone and damage zone of the sidewall rock by using central difference method. The result shows that the calculated result considering the shear stress is fit to the actual one

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15

Ghayesh, Mergen H. "Mechanics of tapered AFG shear-deformable microbeams." Microsystem Technologies 24, no. 4 (February 27, 2018): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-018-3764-y.

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16

Thomas, Leif N., and John R. Taylor. "Damping of inertial motions by parametric subharmonic instability in baroclinic currents." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 743 (March 4, 2014): 280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.29.

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AbstractA new damping mechanism for vertically-sheared inertial motions is described involving an inertia–gravity wave that oscillates at half the inertial frequency, $f$, and that grows at the expense of inertial shear. This parametric subharmonic instability forms in baroclinic, geostrophic currents where thermal wind shear, by reducing the potential vorticity of the fluid, allows inertia–gravity waves with frequencies less than $f$. A stability analysis and numerical simulations are used to study the instability criterion, energetics, and finite-amplitude behaviour of the instability. For a flow with uniform shear and stratification, parametric subharmonic instability develops when the Richardson number of the geostrophic current nears $Ri_{PSI}=4/3+\gamma \cos \phi $, where $\gamma $ is the ratio of the inertial to thermal wind shear magnitude and $\phi $ is the angle between the inertial and thermal wind shears at the initial time. Inertial shear enters the instability criterion because it can also modify the potential vorticity and hence the minimum frequency of inertia–gravity waves. When this criterion is met, inertia–gravity waves with a frequency $f/2$ and with flow parallel to isopycnals amplify, extracting kinetic energy from the inertial shear through shear production. The solutions of the numerical simulations are consistent with these predictions and additionally show that finite-amplitude parametric subharmonic instability both damps inertial shear and is itself damped by secondary shear instabilities. In this way, parametric subharmonic instability opens a pathway to turbulence where kinetic energy in inertial shear is transferred to small scales and dissipated.

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17

Chai, Herzl. "Shear fracture." International Journal of Fracture 37, no. 2 (June 1988): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00041716.

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Bizzarri, Andrea, and Shamita Das. "Mechanics of 3-D shear cracks between Rayleigh and shear wave rupture speeds." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 357-358 (December 2012): 397–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2012.09.053.

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Yingling, Vanessa R., and Stuart M. McGill. "Mechanical Properties and Failure Mechanics of the Spine Under Posterior Shear Load." Journal of Spinal Disorders 12, no. 6 (December 1999): 501???508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002517-199912000-00010.

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20

Lyu, Wei-wei, Zhong-xin Li, and Peng Lou. "The Research on Shear Properties of Deformable Ground Soil under High-speed Driving Conditions." MATEC Web of Conferences 253 (2019): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925301006.

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The classical ground soil shear mechanics model is difficult to predict the maneuverability of vehicles under high-speed driving conditions. The shear mechanical properties of soil under dynamic loading are the key factor to research on the ground attachment characteristics of vehicles under high-speed driving conditions. The relationship between the shear properties of the ground soil and the loading rate was analyzed by numerical simulation method. Based on the Janosi shear model of the ground soil, the loading rate and shear rate were supplemented to establish the applicable driving conditions for high-speed and heavy-duty vehicles. The ground soil shearing characteristics model provides a theoretical basis for researching on the vehicle's driving maneuverability under high-speed driving conditions.

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Zhao, Dong Mei, and Xue Peng Liu. "Magnetorheological Fluid Test and Application." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 2158–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.2158.

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Magnetorheological fluid is a kind of new intelligent materials, because of its good controllable and mechanical properties; therefore it can be widely used in aerospace, mechanical engineering and automotive engineering, precision processing engineering, control engineering and engineering field. This paper introduces magnetorheological fluid mechanics model of MRF, temperature static shear yield stress, and the influence of MRF static shear yield stress test, introduces magnetorheological fluid in the application of variable hardness collar. The application tendency of the magnetic fluid flow is pointed out

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Schneibel, J. H., and L. Martínez. "Atomic force microscopy of slip lines in FeAl." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 9 (September 1995): 2159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.2159.

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Fe–40 at. % Al–0.1 at. % B specimens were polished flat, strained at room temperature, and examined in an atomic force microscope. The angles of height contours perpendicular to the slip lines were interpreted as shear strains and were statistically evaluated. The frequency distributions of these shear strains correlated well with the macroscopic strains. The maximum shear strains found were not much larger than the macroscopic strains. In particular, no steep slip steps corresponding to large local shears were found.

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Xu, Y. S., N. Zhang, Y. Yuan, and S. L. Shen. "Research on the deformation of a confined aquifer based on Cosserat continuum mechanics." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 372 (November 12, 2015): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-372-399-2015.

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Abstract. Recent monitoring of land subsidence and soil deformation indicates a new phenomenon where excessive and continuous deformation occurs in the sandy aquifers in Shanghai and the Su-Xi-Chang region of China. It is hard to explain factors contributing to this phenomenon with traditional Cauchy continuum mechanics in which low normal stress in the ground could not cause such large deformation. Steep hydraulic gradient would be formed in the aquifer if groundwater is pumped from densely distributed wells, and shear stresses would develop then. Accumulated shear stress could then lead to deformation of the aquifer or even land subsidence. Accumulated shear stress due to the drawdown of groundwater level is one of the main factors that contribute to deformation within an aquifer. Traditional Cauchy continuum mechanics cannot consider this shear stress because of the hypothesis of equal shear stress in the aquifer unit. Cosserat continuum mechanics can be applied to analyse the mechanism of aquifer deformation controlled by accumulated shear stress by considering the scale effect and the asymmetric distribution of shear stress in the aquifer unit.

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24

Tobata, Yuta, Shinsuke Takeuchi, and Ken Goto. "Cumulative Shear Damage Mechanism to Short Fiber Type C/SiC." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090230.

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A cumulative damage mechanism for short fiber type C/SiC during shear loading–unloading testing was examined and quantified using Iosipescu specimens parallel in the in-plane and through-thickness plane, and by using modified fracture and damage mechanics theory referring to measured damage characteristics (crack length, number and angle). A nonlinear stress–strain relation was found for both specimens. Decrease in the apparent modulus was confirmed with increased peak stress, although permanent strain increased. Inelastic strain of the decomposed tensile direction derived from shear stress was greater than that of the compressive one. Cracks propagated perpendicularly to the tensile direction, intruding on the boundary of the transverse fibers and connecting to other cracks. The theoretical damage mechanics model succeeded to predict the stress–strain relation, proposing that the shear mechanical properties are predictable by measuring the damage characteristics.

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25

Godbole, P. B. "SHEAR DIFFERENCE USING SPREADSHEETS." Experimental Techniques 17, no. 1 (January 1993): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1993.tb00270.x.

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26

Dong, Yi, and Ning Lu. "Dependencies of Shear Wave Velocity and Shear Modulus of Soil on Saturation." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 142, no. 11 (November 2016): 04016083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001147.

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Rohr, J. J., E. C. Itsweire, K. N. Helland, and C. W. Van Atta. "An investigation of the growth of turbulence in a uniform-mean-shear flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 187 (February 1988): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002211208800031x.

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A uniform-mean-gradient shear flow was produced using a ten-layer closed-loop water channel, providing long enough dimensionless flow development times (τ = (x/Ū) (∂ Ū/∂z)) for the turbulence to grow. The rate of growth of the turbulence compares well with similar measurements in wind-tunnel-generated uniform shear flows for which the mean shears and centreline velocities are larger by an order of magnitude. Preliminary investigations were undertaken to study the growth of the turbulent intensity as functions of the mean shear, centreline velocity, and initial disturbance lengthscales. Initial disturbance lengthscales were varied by using grids of different mesh sizes.Turbulent intensities were found to increase nearly linearly with τ. Differences in grid mesh size produce different offsets in the turbulent intensity level, with a larger grid mesh producing a higher positive offset. This offset persists throughout the growth of the turbulent intensity. These observations provide valuable insight in interpreting previous wind-tunnel measurements, in particular the high-shear experiments of Karnik & Tavoularis (1983). Comparison with the theoretical predictions of Tavoularis (1985) allows for an improved universal characterization of evolving turbulence in a uniform mean shear.

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Garlock, Maria E. Moreyra, Spencer E. Quiel, Peter Y. Yang, Jose Alos-Moya, and Jonathan D. Glassman. "Post-Buckling Mechanics of a Square Slender Steel Plate in Pure Shear." Engineering Journal 56, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v56i1.1142.

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Thin (slender) steel plates possess shear strength beyond the elastic buckling load, which is commonly referred to as the post-buckling capacity. Semi-empirical equations based on experimental tests of plate girders have been used for decades to predict the ultimate post-buckling strength of slender webs. However, several recent studies have shown that the current models for predicting the ultimate shear post-buckling capacity of thin plates are based on some incorrect assumptions regarding their mechanical behavior. As a result, the current design equations provide an approximate estimate of capacity for the range of parameters in the test data upon which they are founded. This paper explores the fundamental behavior of thin plates under pure shear. Such a fundamental examination of shear post-buckling behavior in thin plates is needed to enable design procedures that can optimize a plate’s shear strength and load-deformation performance for a wider range of loading and design parameters. Using finite element analyses, which are validated against available results of previous experimental tests, outputs such as plastic strains, von Mises stresses, principal stresses, and principal stress directions are examined on a buckled plate acting in pure shear. The internal bending, shear, and membrane stresses in the plate’s finite elements are also evaluated. In this study, these evaluations are performed for a simply supported plate with an aspect ratio equal to 1.0 and slenderness ratio equal to 134. Results show that localized bending in the plates due to the out-of-plane post-buckling deformations appear to be a significant factor in the ultimate shear post-buckling capacity of the plate. Also, the compressive stresses continue to increase beyond the onset of elastic buckling in some regions of the plate, contrary to current design assumptions. Overall, this study provides new insights into the mechanics of shear post-buckling behavior of thin plates that can be exploited for design procedures that are consistent with mechanical behavior.

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Fabrikant, V. I. "Flat crack under shear loading." Acta Mechanica 78, no. 1-2 (June 1989): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01173996.

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Kubair, D. V., K. T. Ramesh, and P. K. Swaminathan. "Effect of shear-void-growth-softening on adiabatic shear-band-spacing in ductile materials." Acta Mechanica 226, no. 12 (November 6, 2015): 4189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-015-1466-4.

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Qi, Jing Jing, Zhi Qing Yin, and Kong Bing Wu. "Seismic Mechanics and Engineering Application Analysis of Shear Wave Velocity Inferring." Applied Mechanics and Materials 662 (October 2014): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.662.168.

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The soil shear wave velocity is the key parameter in site seismic response analysis. And it is also one of the important parameters in evaluation of seismic safety for engineering sites or the seismic microzonation. Normally, the parameter is obtained through the field testing. Sometimes shear wave velocity testing could not arrive at technical requirement or the technical requirements due to the actual condition. Then it is necessary to develop the parameter inferring method. In this paper, the data of shear wave velocity of soils at 46 typical boreholes in Dongying are selected for regressive statistic analysis. Based on the data, the formulas of shear wave velocity with linear function and power function are obtained. Considering the influence of the soil classification to the soil shear wave velocity, the new inferring formulas are obtained. Then the inferring formulas of the shear wave velocity are applied at 4 boreholes in one residential building. It is shown that the calculation results conform well with the site testing results, and the formulas are applicable for engineering with sufficient accuracy.

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Tang, C. Y., T. C. Lee, B. Rao, and C. L. Chow. "An Experimental Study of Shear Damage Using In-Situ Single Shear Test." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 11, no. 4 (October 2002): 335–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1106/105678902027244.

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Olonisakin, Akin A., and Scott DB Alexander. "Mechanism of shear transfer in a reinforced concrete beam." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 26, no. 6 (December 1, 1999): 810–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l99-044.

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This paper presents an analysis of the results of five tests conducted on four reinforced concrete beams. The tests were performed principally to investigate the mechanics of internal shear transfer in a transversely loaded concrete beam with no shear reinforcement. Test specimens consisted of simply supported wide beams with steel flexural reinforcement. The reinforcement for two of the beams was epoxy coated. The shear span to depth ratios were 2.93, 3.32, and 3.81. Measured strains on the reinforcement were used to divide the total shear into its beam and arching action components. In all tests, beam and arching action shear transfer mechanisms were found to coexist. Apart from that with the longest span, all tests ended with rupture of the concrete along a diagonal failure surface. It is concluded that shear failure may be caused by a shift in the internal mechanics of shear transfer from beam action to arching action. Because this shift may be initiated by the yielding of reinforcement, it can be associated with the formation of a plastic hinge. There was no observed effect on the mechanics of shear transfer that could be attributed to epoxy coating of the reinforcement.Key words: arching action, beam action, one-way shear, shear transfer, reinforced concrete beam, bond forces, bar force gradient.

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Chen, Qian, Mei Liu, Shouhu Xuan, Wanquan Jiang, Saisai Cao, and Xinglong Gong. "Shear dependent electrical property of conductive shear thickening fluid." Materials & Design 121 (May 2017): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2017.02.056.

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BASAK, S., and S. SARKAR. "Dynamics of a stratified shear layer with horizontal shear." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 568 (November 10, 2006): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112006001686.

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Lee, Seungyeop, Lucy Youngmin Eun, Jae Youn Hwang, and Yongsoon Eun. "Ex Vivo Evaluation of Mechanical Anisotropic Tissues with High-Frequency Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography." Sensors 22, no. 3 (January 27, 2022): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22030978.

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The use of imaging devices to assess directional mechanics of tissues is highly desirable. This is because the directional mechanics depend on fiber orientation, and altered directional mechanics are closely related to the pathological status of tissues. However, measuring directional mechanics in tissues with high-stiffness is challenging due to the difficulty of generating localized displacement in these tissues using acoustic radiation force, a general method for generating displacement in ultrasound-based elastography. In addition, common ultrasound probes do not provide rotational function, which makes the measurement of directional mechanics inaccurate and unreliable. Therefore, we developed a high-frequency ultrasound mechanical wave elastography system that can accommodate a wide range of tissue stiffness and is also equipped with a motorized rotation stage for precise imaging of directional mechanics. A mechanical shaker was applied to the elastography system to measure tissues with high-stiffness. Phantom and ex vivo experiments were performed. In the phantom experiments, the lateral and axial resolution of the system were determined to be 144 μm and 168 μm, respectively. In the ex vivo experiments, we used swine heart and cartilage, both of which are considered stiff. The elastography system allows us to acquire the directional mechanics with high angular resolution in the heart and cartilage. The results demonstrate that the developed elastography system is capable of imaging a wide range of tissues and has high angular resolution. Therefore, this system might be useful for the diagnostics of mechanically anisotropic tissues via ex vivo tests.

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Schoof, Christian. "On the mechanics of ice-stream shear margins." Journal of Glaciology 50, no. 169 (2004): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756504781830024.

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AbstractWe investigate the mechanics of ice-stream shear margins based on the assumption that the underlying bed behaves plastically. Sliding is assumed to occur if a prescribed, locally defined yield stress is attained, while no sliding is assumed possible if basal shear stress is lower than the yield stress. Mathematically, the ice-flow problem takes the form of a contact problem, in which the zones of sliding are part of the solution and cannot be prescribed arbitrarily. Simplistic assumptions about the location of till failure, or about mechanical conditions at the bed, predict stress singularities at the margins which lead to corresponding singularities in the basal melt rate. The ice-flow problem is solved using a complex variable method, and an associated quasi-static thermal problem is also solved using a Green’s function. High stress concentrations, which coincide with high rates of strain heating, are found on the ice-stream side of the margins, where basal melting is also greatest. Our results further indicate that a temperate zone may form over time above the bed in the margins. These findings differ from earlier studies based on different sliding laws, suggesting a high sensitivity of margin behaviour to basal conditions.

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Xiao, Yao, Huafeng Deng, Jingcheng Fang, Hengbin Zhang, and Jianlin Li. "Optimized Analysis Method for Evaluating the Shear Strength Parameters of Rock Joint Surfaces." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (January 3, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8914015.

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The results obtained from the mechanical test of rock samples inevitably suffer dispersion owing to discrepancies between test specimens. In view of these deficiencies, the present study proposes a method based on the empirical equation of shear strength developed by Barton to determine the shear strength parameters of joint surfaces using a single test specimen. This approach is then applied to optimize the analysis of multiple specimens. An analysis of experimental results verifies that the shear strength parameters of joint surfaces obtained by the proposed method can more accurately reflect the shear mechanics of multiple specimens than conventional multiple sample analyses; meanwhile, the results are reasonable and reliable. More importantly, the optimized method ensures the shear strength parameters are no longer affected by the sequence of specimens employed during shear test. The optimized analysis method eliminates the effect of differences between specimens and the influence of subjective factors on test results and therefore provides more realistic evaluations of shear strength parameters.

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Wang, Yu, Hua Feng Deng, Tao Lu, and Zong Yong Zhao. "Research on Shear Creep Property of Soft Rock in Dam Foundation." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 2744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.2744.

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Creep characteristic is one of the most important mechanical characteristics of rock. It controls the stability of rock engineering. Under step load conditon, the shear creep test of argillaceous siltstone which was collected in dam foundation is performed by using the RMT150c rock and soil mechanics testing machine. The shear creep curves under different normal stresses show that the argillaceous siltstone is very significant in creep, which should be considered in the stability analysis of dam foundation. According to the analysis of experimental results, the long-term shear strength parameters are determined to provide reference for engineering survey and design.

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Yoo, Chai H., and Sung C. Lee. "Mechanics of Web Panel Postbuckling Behavior in Shear." Journal of Structural Engineering 132, no. 10 (October 2006): 1580–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2006)132:10(1580).

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Jossic, Laurent, Pauline Lefevre, Clément de Loubens, Albert Magnin, and Christophe Corre. "The fluid mechanics of shear-thinning tear substitutes." Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics 161, no. 1-3 (September 2009): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.03.012.

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Akkerman, Remko. "A continuum mechanics analysis of shear characterisation methods." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 109 (June 2018): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.02.036.

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Ying, Da-jun, Qian-ning Li, and Chu-hong Zhu. "The Shear Stress Response Element of Endothelium and the expression of TF Gene(Cardiovascular Mechanics)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2004.1 (2004): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2004.1.75.

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Wu, Yaping, Shizhong Liu, Yuanlin Zhu, and Yuanming Lai. "Matrix Analysis of Shear Lag and Shear Deformation in Thin-Walled Box Beams." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 129, no. 8 (August 2003): 944–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2003)129:8(944).

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Likitlersuang, S., G. T. Houlsby, and T. Chompoorat. "Model for Shear Response of Asphaltic Concrete at Different Shear Rates and Temperatures." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 135, no. 11 (November 2009): 1257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2009)135:11(1257).

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Kazemi, M. T., and V. Broujerdian. "Reinforced concrete beams without stirrups considering shear friction and fracture mechanics." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l05-100.

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A new expression for the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams without stirrups was derived by calculating the aggregate interlock capacity across the major diagonal crack of the beam, a procedure somewhat similar to those based on the modified compression field theory. Two formulas were obtained from the simplification of this expression. All three relations capture the dependence of shear strength on the size of the beam, the ratio of shear span to beam depth, longitudinal reinforcement ratio, maximum aggregate size, and concrete strength. The limits of these formulas agree well with the limit solutions of shear failure load for very small and very large beams based on plastic and fracture mechanics solutions, respectively. The proposed relations were calibrated by least-squares fitting of the existing experimental database (consisting of 398 data points) and resulted in low coefficients of variation. The simplest version is suitable for design codes.Key words: reinforced concrete, shear strength, beams, aggregate interlock, crack opening, size effect.

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Ren, H., and Y. Altintas. "Mechanics of Machining With Chamfered Tools." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 122, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1286368.

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Chamfered cutting tools are used in high speed machining of hardened steels due to their wedge strength. An analytic model is proposed to investigate the influence of chamfer angle and cutting conditions on the cutting forces and temperature. The model is based on the tool geometry, cutting conditions, steady state temperature in the shear and chip-rake face contact zones, strain, strain rate, and the corresponding flow stress of the work material. With the aid of a slip line field model, the cutting and friction energy in the primary, secondary and chamfer zones are evaluated. By applying the minimum energy principle to total energy, the shear angle in the primary deformation zone is estimated. The corresponding shear strain, strain rate and flow stresses are identified. The model leads to the prediction of cutting forces and temperature produced in three deformation zones. The model is experimentally verified by high-speed orthogonal cutting tests applied to P20 mold steel using ISO S10 carbide and CBN cutting tools. It is shown that the analytic model is quite useful in selecting optimal chamfer angle and cutting speed which gives the minimum tool wear and relatively lower cutting forces. [S1087-1357(00)00204-5]

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Caenen, Annette, Mathieu Pernot, Mathias Peirlinck, Luc Mertens, Abigail Swillens, and Patrick Segers. "Anin silicoframework to analyze the anisotropic shear wave mechanics in cardiac shear wave elastography." Physics in Medicine & Biology 63, no. 7 (March 23, 2018): 075005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aaaffe.

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Chia, Julian Yan Hon, Brian Cotterell, and Tai Chong Chai. "The mechanics of the solder ball shear test and the effect of shear rate." Materials Science and Engineering: A 417, no. 1-2 (February 2006): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.10.064.

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Habboush, Ali, Noor Sanbhal, Huiqi Shao, Jinhua Jiang, and Nanliang Chen. "Characterization and Analysis of In-Plane Shear Behavior of Glass Warp-Knitted Non-Crimp Fabrics Based on Picture Frame Method." Materials 11, no. 9 (August 28, 2018): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091550.

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Glass warp-knitted fabrics have been widely used as complex structural reinforcements in composites, such as wind turbine blades, boats, vehicles, etc. Understanding the mechanical behavior and formability of these textiles is very necessary for the simulation of forming processes before manufacturing. In this paper, the shear deformation mechanics of glass warp-knitted non-crimp fabrics (WKNCF) were experimentally investigated based on a picture frame testing apparatus equipped to a universal testing machine. Three commercially available fabrics of WKNCFs were tested for four cycles by the picture frame method. The aim was to characterize and compare the shear behavior of relatively high areal density fabrics during preform processing for composites. The energy normalization theory was used to obtain the normalized shear force from the testing machine data; then, the shear stress against the shear angle was fitted by cubic polynomial regression equations. The results achieved from the equations demonstrated that the in-plane shear rigidity modulus was associated with the shear angle. The effect of the shearing cycles and stitching pattern on shear resistance was also analyzed.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Shear (Mechanics)'

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