Journal articles on the topic 'Shawnee College'

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 1Abdulfattah Omar, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaAissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmelia Maria Cava, Università di Napoli Suor Orsola Benincasa, ItalyAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBelén Labrador de la Cruz, University of León, SpainDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen, IndonesiaIryna Lenchuk, Dhofar University, OmanJoohoon Kang, Hanyang University, South KoreaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USAMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyRashad Al Areqi, Al Baha University, KSAŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, Brazil

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 11, Number 2Andrés Canga, University of La Rioja, SpainChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, Oman Tourism College, OmanElena Alcalde Peñalver, University of Alcalá, SpainEmine Bala, Tishk International University, IraqGhadah Al Murshidi, The United Arab Emirates University, UAEHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaJasna Potocnik Topler, University of Maribor, SloveniaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKenan Yerli, Sakarya University, TurkeyLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMaria del Mar Sanchez Ramos, University of Alcalá, SpainMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, Al-Andalus Institute of Languages University of Lahore, PakistanMaría Luisa Carrió, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMustafa Ar, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, IndonesiaNitin Malhotra, St. Theresa International College, Bangkok, ThailandÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyPatnarin Supakorn, Walailak University, ThailandPham Vu Phi Ho, Van Lang University, VietnamScott-Monkhouse Anila Ruth, Language Centre – University of Parma (Italy), ItalyŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaTeguh Budiharso, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Surakarta, Indonesia, IndonesiaWafi Fhaid Alshammari, University of Ha’il, Saudi ArabiaWenjie Shi, Central University of Finance and Economics, China

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 12, Number 8Abdulfattah Omar, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaAcep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmelia Maria Cava, Università di Napoli Suor Orsola Benincasa, ItalyAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAndrés Canga , University of La Rioja, SpainAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBelén Labrador de la Cruz, University of León, SpainDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanEmine Bala, Independent Researcher, NetherlandsHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranMovva Srilakshmi, Prasad V. Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, IndiaMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyRashad Al Areqi, Al Baha University, KSASantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninSukhdev Singh, National Institute of Technology Patna, IndiaTing Su-Hie, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, MalaysiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, Brazil

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 12, Number 6Abdulfattah Omar, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaAcep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmelia Maria Cava, Università di Napoli Suor Orsola Benincasa, ItalyAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAndrés Canga, University of La Rioja, SpainAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBelén Labrador de la Cruz, University of León, SpainDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanEmine Bala, Independent Researcher, NetherlandsHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJoohoon Kang, Hanyang University, South KoreaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKhaled Elkotb Elshahawy, University of Tabuk, Tayma Campus, Saudi ArabiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USAMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMohammad Hamad Al-khresheh, Northern Border University, Saudi ArabiaMovva Srilakshmi, Prasad V. Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, IndiaMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyRoberto Martínez Mateo, University of Castile La-Mancha, SpainScott-Monkhouse Anila Ruth, Language Centre – University of Parma (Italy), ItalyŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninSukhdev Singh, National Institute of Technology Patna, IndiaTeguh Budiharso, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Surakarta, Indonesia, Indonesia

World Journal of English Language (WJEL) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether WJEL publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 1 Aissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAmelia Maria Cava, Università fdi Napoli Federicio II, Naples, ItalyCheryl Caesar, Michigan State University, USJessica Aliaga Lavrijsen, Centro Universitario de la Defensa Zaragoza / University of Defense zaragoza, SpainKenan Yerli, Sakarya University, TurkeyLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMaría Luisa Carrió, Departamento de Linguistica Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, SpainÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, Turkey Joe NelsonEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of World Journal of English LanguageSciedu Press-----------------------------------------Add: 9140 Leslie St. Suite 110, Beaver Creek, Ontario, L4B 0A9, CanadaTel: 1-416-479-0028 ext. 218Fax: 1-416-642-8548Email 1: wjel@sciedupress.comEmail 2: wjel@sciedupress.orgWeb: http://wjel.sciedupress.com

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 6Aissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAndrés Canga, University of La Rioja, SpainAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, University of Diyala, IraqAyman Rashad Rashid Yasin, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, JordanChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElena Alcalde Peñalver, University of Alcalá, SpainFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJaypee R. Lopres, Gallup McKinley County Schools, New Mexico Public Education Department, USAJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMohammad Hamad Al-khresheh, Northern Border University, Saudi ArabiaMohammed AbdAlgane, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyOmar (Mohammad-Ameen) Hazaymeh, Al-Balqa Applied University / Al-Huson University College, JordanOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeySafi Eldeen Alzi’abi, Jerash University, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University Of Mosul College Of Arts Dept. Media and English Communication, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaWARID BIN MIHAT, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), MalaysiaZaldy Maglay Quines, Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu, Saudi Arabia

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 2Abdulfattah Omar, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaAcep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmelia Maria Cava, Università di Napoli Suor Orsola Benincasa, ItalyAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyBahram Kazemian, Islamic Azad University, IranChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDeena Elshazly, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, EgyptDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElena Alcalde Peñalver, University of Alcalá, SpainFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaG. Bhuvaneswari, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India, IndiaHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanIryna Lenchuk, Dhofar University, OmanJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyKhaled Elkotb Elshahawy, University of Tabuk, Tayma Campus, Saudi ArabiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyRashad Al Areqi, Al Baha University, KSARoberto Martínez Mateo, UNIVERSITY OF CASTILE LA-MANCHA, SpainSafi Eldeen Alzi’abi, Jerash University, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul College of Arts Dept. Media and English Communication. IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, Brazil

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 5Acep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAndrés Canga, University of La Rioja, SpainAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptAyman Rashad Rashid Yasin, PRINCESS SUMAYA UNIVERSITY FOR TECHNOLOGY, JordanBahram Kazemian, Islamic Azad University, IranDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElena Alcalde Peñalver, University of Alcalá, SpainFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaFridrik Dulaj, University Fehmi Agani Gjakova, AlbaniaG. Bhuvaneswari, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India, IndiaHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMeenakshi Sharma Yadav, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammad Hamad Al-khresheh, Northern Border University, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg , GermanyOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeySaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University Of Mosul College Of Arts Dept. Media and English Communication, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, BrazilWARID BIN MIHAT, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), MalaysiaZaldy Maglay Quines, ROYAL COMMISSION FOR JUBAIL AND YANBU, Saudi Arabia

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 12, Number 1Aissa HANIFI, University of Chlef, AlgeriaAmelia Maria Cava, Università fdi Napoli Federicio II, Naples, ItalyAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAndrés Canga, University of La Rioja, SpainAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBahram Kazemian, Islamic Azad University, IranChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElena Alcalde Peñalver, University of Alcalá, SpainEmine Bala, Tishk International University, IraqGhadah Al Murshidi, The United Arab Emirates University, UAEHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHANY ALI MAHMOUD ABDELFATTAH, Minia University, EgyptHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJasna Potocnik Topler, University of Maribor, SloveniaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKenan Yerli, Sakarya University, TurkeyLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALi Ping Chang, Department of Applied Foreign Languages, National Taipei College of Business, TaiwanMaria del Mar Sanchez Ramos, University of Alcalá, SpainMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, Al-Andalus Institute of Languages University of Lahore, PakistanMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammad Hamad Al-khresheh, Northern Border University, Saudi ArabiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMustafa Ar, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, IndonesiaNitin Malhotra, St. Theresa International College, Bangkok, ThailandÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Foreign Languages Department, TurkeyPatnarin Supakorn, Walailak University, ThailandRashad Al Areqi, Al Baha University, KSARoberto Martínez Mateo, UNIVERSITY OF CASTILE LA-MANCHA, SpainRommel Maglaya, Cambridge IGCSE Examiner, PhilippinesSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaScott-Monkhouse Anila Ruth, Language Centre – University of Parma (Italy), ItalyŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaShangrela Genon-Sieras, Mindanao State University, Main Campus, PhilippinesSukhdev Singh, National Institute of Technology Patna, IndiaTeguh Budiharso, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Surakarta, Indonesia, IndonesiaWenjie Shi, Central University of Finance and Economics, China

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 7Abdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, University of Diyala, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptAyman Rashad Rashid Yasin, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, JordanBerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDeena Elshazly, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, EgyptDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanFrans Sayogie, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJaypee R. Lopres, Gallup McKinley County Schools, New Mexico Public Education Department, USAJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKaya özçelik, Atılım University, TurkeyKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaria del Mar Sanchez Ramos, University of Alcalá, SpainMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammed AbdAlgane, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutial University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Gobindgarh Public College, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyOmar (Mohammad-Ameen) Hazaymeh, Al-Balqa Applied University / Al-Huson University College, JordanOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College (Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul College of Arts Dept. Media and English Communication, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaShangrela Genon-Sieras, Mindanao State University, Main Campus, PhilippinesWarid Bin Mihat, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), MalaysiaZaldy Maglay Quines, Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu, Saudi Arabia

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 14, Number 5Abderrazak Zaafour, Almería University, SpainAbdul Syahid, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, IndonesiaAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAby John, RUDN University, IndiaAcep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAshraf Mansour, Jerash Private University, JordanAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElsadig Hussein Fadlalla Ali, King Khalid University, Saudi ArabiaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHiyam Al-Badareen, Al al-Bayt University , JordanHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaroua Benhamlaoui, University of Fréres Mentouri- Constantine 1 , AlgeriaMelania Terrazas Gallego, University of La Rioja, SpainMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMounir Jilani Ben Zid, Sultan Qaboos University, OmanMozhgan Ghassemiazghandi, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MalaysiaMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNitin Malhotra, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPatsawut Sukserm, Chulalongkorn University Language Institute (CULI), ThailandPrincess H. Policarpio, Angeles University Foundation , PhilippinesRamesh Manickkam, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. Priya, Subbalakshmi Lakshmipathy College of Science, IndiaS. Sakthivel, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College(Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSafi Eldeen Alzi’abi, Jerash University, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaSara Mansouri, Islamic Azad University-Najafabad branch, IranŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaShangrela Genon-Sieras, Mindanao State University, Main Campus, PhilippinesSohaib Alam, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaSonthaya Rattanasak, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, ThailandTelal Mirghani Khalid, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, QatarWahaj Unnisa Warda, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaZijun SHEN, Sichuan University of Media and Communications, China

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 14, Number 5Abderrazak Zaafour, Almería University, SpainAbdul Syahid, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, IndonesiaAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAby John, RUDN University, IndiaAcep Unang Rahayu, Poltekpar NHI Bandung, IndonesiaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAna Maria Costa Lopes, Higher School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, PortugalAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAshraf Mansour, Jerash Private University, JordanAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElsadig Hussein Fadlalla Ali, King Khalid University, Saudi ArabiaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHiyam Al-Badareen, Al al-Bayt University , JordanHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJânderson Coswosk, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, BrazilJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College (Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaroua Benhamlaoui, University of Fréres Mentouri- Constantine 1 , AlgeriaMelania Terrazas Gallego, University of La Rioja, SpainMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMounir Jilani Ben Zid, Sultan Qaboos University, OmanMozhgan Ghassemiazghandi, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MalaysiaMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqNitin Malhotra, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg, GermanyOmsalma Ahmed, University of Hail, Saudi ArabiaÖzkanal, Ümit, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPatsawut Sukserm, Chulalongkorn University Language Institute (CULI), ThailandPrincess H. Policarpio, Angeles University Foundation , PhilippinesRamesh Manickkam, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. Priya, Subbalakshmi Lakshmipathy College of Science, IndiaS. Sakthivel, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, IndiaS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College(Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSafi Eldeen Alzi’abi, Jerash University, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University of Mosul, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaSara Mansouri, Islamic Azad University-Najafabad branch, IranŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University, TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaShangrela Genon-Sieras, Mindanao State University, Main Campus, PhilippinesSohaib Alam, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi ArabiaSonthaya Rattanasak, Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi, ThailandTelal Mirghani Khalid, Ministry of Education and Higher Education, QatarWahaj Unnisa Warda, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaZijun SHEN, Sichuan University of Media and Communications, China

World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 8Abderrazak Zaafour, Almería University, SpainAbdul Majeed Hameed Joodi, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, IraqAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAndrés Canga , University of La Rioja, SpainAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, University of Diyala, IraqAyman Rashad Rashid Yasin, PRINCESS SUMAYA UNIVERSITY FOR TECHNOLOGY, JordanBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChahra BELOUFA, Arab Open University, Saudi ArabiaChunlin Yao, Tianjin Chengjian University, ChinaDaniel Ginting, Universitas Ma Chung, IndonesiaDeena Elshazly, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, EgyptDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanElsadig Hussein Fadlalla Ali, King Khalid University, Saudi ArabiaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHameed Yahya Ahmed Al-Zubeiry, Al-Baha University, Saudi ArabiaHerman, Universitas HKBP Nommensen Pematangsiantar, IndonesiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJaypee R. Lopres, Gallup McKinley County Schools, New Mexico Public Education Department, USAJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesKhadija Alamoudi, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi ArabiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College ( Autonomous), IndiaLeila Lomashvili, Shawnee State University, USALihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammad Hamad Al-khresheh, Northern Border University, Saudi ArabiaMohammed AbdAlgane, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMorteza Amirsheibani, Millat Umidi (MU) University, Tashkent, UzbekistanMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu , Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNitin Malhotra, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, IndiaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushenko, Universität Augsburg , GermanyP. Jayakumar, St. Joseph’s College of Engineering, IndiaPhyll Jhann Gildore, UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO, PhilippinesR. Kannan, Hindustan Institute of Technology & Science (A Deemed to be University), IndiaReimundus Raymond Fatubun, Cenderawasih University, Jayapura, IndonesiaRoberto Martínez Mateo, UNIVERSITY OF CASTILE LA-MANCHA , SpainS. V. Dhanawade, Vivekanand College(Autonomous) Kolhapur, IndiaSafi Eldeen Alzi’abi, Jerash University, JordanSaif Ali Abbas Jumaah, University Of Mosul College Of Arts Dept. Media and English Communication, IraqSantri Djahimo, Nusa Cendana University, IndonesiaŞenel, Müfit, 19 Mayıs University , TurkeyServais Dieu-Donné Yédia DADJO, University of Abomey-Calavi, BeninShalini Yadav, Compucom Institute of Technology and Management, IndiaShangrela Genon-Sieras, Mindanao State University, Main Campus, PhilippinesTeguh Budiharso, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) of Surakarta, IndonesiaValeria Silva de Oliveira, Marinha do Brasil, BrazilWARID BIN MIHAT, Academy of Language Studies, MARA University of Technology (UiTM), Malaysia

Selecting Springfield College, founding home of the International YMCA as a training ground for male dancers was an inspired choice by American modern dancer Ted Shawn given the founding credo of the College to ‘build builders of men.’ I would like to see men dancing in gymnasiums and stadiums, he claimed, so that the dance could reach again the position it held among the Greeks as the most perfect athletic accomplishment and the finest means of physical training and development. They were earnest and interesting efforts to foster an aura of ‘authentic rugged American masculinity’ for the era, given that Shawn himself was a closeted homosexual and the troupe’s lead dancer was his long term muse and lover Barton Mumaw. Scholars have shown how Shawn’s ideas about gender and sexuality became increasingly complex once he acknowledged his own homosexuality and engaged with ideas about sexual difference. His appropriation of various facets of the physical culture movement, however, and his reliance on the work and ideas of female modern dance pioneers and the physical education profession have been less noted. In this sense, Shawn was lucky, for he fell in love with dance when the art was mature enough to need a man.

In her article, Wiktoria Krawczyk addresses the need to include in Polish lessons texts written for young readers which are devoted to the extermination of the Jewish population. An in-depth analysis of the development of Polish language teaching programs for primary schools (and for junior high schools before the 2019 reform) shows lack of references to the Holocaust in the school environment. The goal of the series of lessons proposed in this article, designed to prepare students to read and interpret Listy w butelce [Letters in a Bottle], is partially to fill this gap in the current core curriculum. This proposal has been designed with the help of innovative tools, including routines of critical thinking (“I perceive/I think/I reflect,” “kawusia” [a little coffee], “winda” [an elevator], and “Most1” [Bridge1]), the collage technique, Robert Plutchik’s diagram of emotions, the app Mentimeter, the educational film, Karen Shawn’s method of silent conversation, and sketchnoting.

There has been an ongoing interest in youth activism in recent decades, especially in western countries where youth organizations and associations are very common in schools and colleges. Heather Lewis-Charp et al. confirm that although there is an increasing interest in youth political engagement, there are very few empirical studies on the subject matter (Shawn Ginwright 2006, 22). This lack of research applies to the issue of youth activism and political engagement not just in Morocco, but across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In the wake of the so-called Arab spring, the focus on youth political engagement and activism grew, given the important role of youth and other marginalized communities – especially women – in protests around the region. In Morocco, a large number of the protesters in the February 20th movement were young people; of these, many were actively associated with feminist organizations and work. This is in contrast to the continued association between feminist activism in Morocco and older generations. This chapter will start by sketching a history of feminist movements and organizations in Morocco and will follow with a discussion of recent activist work by two prominent activists, Zineb Fasiki and Youssef Gherradi.

Abstract Purpose: Individuals with diabetes mellitus have an estimated 27% elevated risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) and are disproportionately from health disparities populations. This study examined associations of race and ethnicity and CRC screening uptake and CRC test type used among individuals with diabetes to identify factors to consider in targeting CRC screening efforts to promote health equity. Methods: Merged Medical Expenditures Panel Survey Household Component (2012-2018) and National Health Interview Survey data sets were used to identify individuals with diabetes (non-Hispanic White (NHW) n=223,046; Hispanic n=54,791; Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) n=54,791). The main outcomes were self-reported up-to-date CRC screening based on United States Preventive Services Taskforce guidelines and screening test used (i.e., blood-stool test or direct visualization). The main independent variable of interest was race and ethnicity. Logistic regression models included socio-demographic and health-related co-variates. Results: Among individuals with diabetes 62.6% reported being up-to-date (UTD) with CRC screening, among the screened 5.8% used blood stool tests only and 56.8% used direct visualization tests. In the final logistic model comparing relative risk of UTD screening to being unscreened, NHBs were more likely to be UTD for CRC screening [RR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.13-1.53, p=0.001] compared to NHWs. Individuals with no high school degree [RR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.65-0.99, p=0.3] were less likely to be UTD compared to college educated individuals. Individuals receiving recommended diabetes care were less likely to be unscreened [RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76-0.94, p=0.002]. Among screened individuals, race and ethnicity were insignificant in final models. Low-income individuals were less likely to be screened with direct visualization [RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.97, p=0.03] compared to high-income individuals. Overweight individuals (BMI 26-29) were less likely to be screened with direct visualization [RR:0.75, 95% CI:0.57-0.99, p=0.41] compared to individuals with BMI ≤25. Individuals with five or more comorbidities were more likely to be screened using direct visualization [RR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.86, 6.43, p<0.001] compared to individuals with 1-2 comorbidities. Conclusions: Among individuals with diabetes, social determinants and health factors associated with UTD and testing type differed. Race, education, and diabetes care quality were determinants of receipt of any UTD CRC testing. Among those screened, lower income and overweight individuals were more likely to use stool-based testing and those with greater comorbidity burdens were more likely to be screened with direct visualization. Efforts to improve CRC screening for patients with diabetes, specifically those in the primary care safety-net, should consider these factors when tailoring CRC prevention and early detection efforts. Citation Format: Denalee M. O'Malley, Pamela Ohman-Strickland, Tracy Andrews, Cilgy Abraham, Benjamin F. Crabtree, Shawna V. Hudson, Anita Y. Kinney. Colorectal cancer screening uptake and test use for individuals with diabetes in the U.S.: Implications for health equity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B148.

Abstract Background: Clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCOC) is characterized by a distinct histologic and molecular profile, and associated with very poor responses to standard treatment consisting of surgery and carboplatin:taxol chemotherapy. CCOC is chemo-resistant at the time of diagnosis and response to chemotherapy in the recurrent setting is less than 10%. Literature suggests a potential role for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). However, only a subgroup of patients (20%) responds to ICI and little is known about the mechanisms of response and resistance to therapy. We postulate that a better understanding of CCOC tumor microenvironment (TME) could help predict patients’ response to ICI. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between TME immune infiltrate and clinical/outcome in 22 CCOC cases and identify subsets of CCOC who may benefit from immunotherapy. Material & Methods: We characterized the immune landscape of 11 early and 11 advanced CCOC through a multiplex IHC Discovery Platform. Spatial single-cell proteomics analyses (cyclic-IF) and spatially-resolved RNAseq in 10 CCOC cases using an OC tissue microarray (TMA) were performed. Results were corelated with clinical and treatment outcome. Results: The percent of CD8, CD4, CD20 B cells Tregs, PD1, PDL1, monocytes and M2 monocytes and myeloid cells was significantly higher in advanced than early-stage cancers. Recurrent cancers were more immunosuppressive than cases with no recurrence. Tumor infiltrate was dense in 4 cases. Four patients with early-stage disease had a high number of CD8 naïve cells and experienced no recurrence. TME analysis of single case of advanced CCOC (before and after chemotherapy), revealed that hot tumor changed to cold tumor, suggesting the resistance to treatment. Cyclic IF analyses identified 3 tumor phenotype groups in a subset of 10 CCOC present on the OC TMA. The majority of CCOC had high expression of CCNE and high PI3K-AKT-mTor activity, low expression of hormone receptors (AR, ERa, PRg) and low cell cycle activity. Some tumors were also high for HER2. The stromal compartment was enriched in collagen VI, aSMA and PDGFR. The immune monitoring of several of those samples also revealed an immunosuppressive microenvironment, including the presence of M2 macrophages and expression of immune checkpoint proteins PD-L1 and B7-H4. Conclusion: Our study shows that various phenotypes of CCOC are defined by the cancer cell profiles and TME content. Importantly, a strong immunosuppressive microenvironment was detected in many samples, suggesting a potential response to ICI. Furthermore, we detected the expression of several therapeutic targets (MAPK, CCNE, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, HSP90, HER2), including oncogenic signaling pathways (RTK, MAPK). Different tumor phenotypes identified across our CCOC samples suggest that clear cell carcinoma could be subclassified into subtypes that should be treated differently. Citation Format: Tanja Pejovic, Sonali Joshi, Shawn Campbell, Dhanir Tailor, Joanna Pucilowska, Benjamin Tate, Pierre-Valérien Abate, Korina Mouzakitis, Marilyne Labrie, Elizabeth Munro, Jenna Emerson, Sanjay V. Malhotra. Study of tumor microenvironment of ovarian clear cell carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 79.

BackgroundDersimelagon (MT-7117), a novel synthetic, oral, selective melanocortin-1 receptor agonist, demonstrated disease-modifying effects in preclinical models of systemic sclerosis (SSc). MT-7117 reduces inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and fibrosis through its pleiotropic effects on inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblastsis, and is as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of SSc. A phase 2 proof of concept clinical trial (MT-7117-G02) in subjects with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) is ongoing (NCT04440592). 73 subjects (target 72) were enrolled over 22 months at 33 sites in 8 countries.ObjectivesEvaluate the demographics, baseline disease characteristics and the standard of care of the subjects randomized in MT-7117-G02 study to examine variability of these parameters by the geographic regions (North America [NA], Europe [excluding Poland], and Poland). Population in Poland was analyzed separately due to delayed inclusion in the study and the highest enrollment rate.MethodsMT-7117-G02 is a Phase 2, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 52-week parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of MT-7117 in subjects with dcSSc. Eligible subjects were randomized 1:1 to either MT-7117 QD or matching placebo and stratified by the autoantibody status of anti-RNA Polymerase III at screening (positive or negative). The primary endpoint is the American College of Rheumatology Combined Response Index in Diffuse Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis (ACR CRISS) composite score at Week 52. The study included subjects who have been diagnosed with dcSSc ≥ 18 years of age and a disease duration ≤ 5 years who are on a stable standard of care treatment, receiving one stable concomitant immunosuppressant (Mycophenolate/Mycophenolic acid [MMF], Methotrexate [MTX], Hydroxychloroquine [HCQ], or Azathioprine [AZA]). Eligibility included the baseline Modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) of 15-45 units and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC%) predicted > 50%.ResultsMost of enrolled subjects were middle-aged White females and approximately half received one immunosuppressant (Table 1). MMF was the most frequently used immunosuppressant followed by MTX. Approximately ¾ of the subjects had normal CRP with comparable distribution across the regions. There were neither regional differences in the baseline mRSS nor in the predicted FVC%. The overall average frequency of anti-RNA Polymerase III antibody positivity was 20.5%, with the lowest proportion in Poland (15.4%). The average frequency of anti-Scl-70 positivity was 50.7% with the lowest proportion in NA (23.5%). Subjects in NA were more likely to be on MMF.Table 1: Baseline demographics and disease characteristics by Regions (Blinded)Mean (SD) or n (%)OverallNorth America*Europe†PolandNumber73 (100 %)17 (23.3 %)30 (41.1 %)26 (35.6 %)Age (yrs)51.6 ± 12.454.7 ± 12.552.2 ± 10.648.9 ± 14.2Disease duration (yrs)2.0 ± 1.41.7 ± 1.41.9 ± 1.32.2 ± 1.6Female55 (75.3 %)15 (88.2 %)22 (73.3 %)18 (69.2 %)White65 (89.0 %)11 (64.7 %)28 (93.3 %)26 (100 %)Anti-RNA-Poly III positive15 (20.5 %)4 (23.5 %)7 (23.3 %)4 (15.4 %)Anti- Scl-70 positive37 (50.7 %)4 (23.5 %)16 (53.3 %)17 (65.4 %)Normal CRP (≤ 5.0 mg/L)58 (79.5 %)13 (76.5 %)22 (73.3 %)23 (88.5 %)Any immunosuppressant‡41 (56.2 %)10 (58.8 %)17 (56.7 %)14 (53.8 %)MMF24 (32.9 %)7 (41.2 %)9 (30.0 %)8 (30.8 %)MTX14 (19.2 %)1 (5.9 %)7 (23.3 %)6 (23.1 %)HCQ7 (9.6 %)1 (5.9 %)4 (13.3 %)2 (7.7 %)AZA2 (2.7 %)1 (5.9 %)1 (3.3 %)0mRSS (0-51)24.8 ± 7.923.1 ± 9.225.3 ± 7.925.2 ± 7.2FVC% predicted88.0 ± 17.988.7 ± 20.282.0 ± 16.994.4 ± 15.5*US and Canada† UK, Germany, Spain, Italy, and Belgium‡ Includes MMF, MTX, HCQ, and AZAConclusionThere were no major differences in the baseline demographics such as disease duration, sex and age, and no major differences in disease severity as well as the percentage of use of immunosuppressants among the regions although some variation in SSc autoantibody specificity were observed.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsDinesh Khanna Shareholder of: Eicos Sciences, Inc - stocks, Consultant of: AbbVie, Acceleron, Actelion, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Corbus, CSL Behring, Galapagos NV, Genentech/Roche, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Horizon Therapeutics, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Sanofi-Aventis, United Therapeutics, Prometheus, Theraly, AstraZeneca, Grant/research support from: Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Horizon Therapeutics, Immune Tolerance Network, National Institutes of Health, Pfizer, Employee of: CiviBioPharma/Eicos Sciences, Inc - Leadership/Equity position – Chief Medical Officer, Patricia Carreira Consultant of: Janssen, Lilly, VivaCell, Emerald Health Pharmaceuticals, Gesynta Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Abbie, Sanofi Genzyme, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Lorinda Chung Consultant of: Mitsubishi Tanabe, Eicos Sciences, Genentech, Kyverna and Jannsen, Grant/research support from: Boerhinger Ingelheim, Christopher P Denton Speakers bureau: Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant of: GSK, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, Corbus, Roche, Gesynta, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Grant/research support from: Servier, GSK, Arxx Therapeutics, Horizon, Marco Matucci-Cerinic Consultant of: Actelion, Janssen, Inventiva, Bayer, Biogen, Boehringer, CSL Behring, Corbus, Galapagos, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Samsung, Regeneron, Acceleron, MSD, Chemomab, Lilly, Pfizer, Roche, Gabriela Riemekasten Speakers bureau: Boehringer Ingelheim, Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Mitsubishi Tanabe, sakiko mukai Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe, Shawn Liu Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe, Songjie Cai Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe, Tanya Bogoslovsky Employee of: Mitsubishi Tanabe.

A review of: Shill, Harold B. and Shawn Tonner. “Does the Building Still Matter? Usage Patterns in New, Expanded, and Renovated Libraries, 1995-2002.” College & Research Libraries 65.2 (Mar. 2004): 123-150. Objective – To measure the impact of academic library facility improvements on physical library usage. Design – The facility improvement data used for this study were previously collected through a 68-item Web survey for the companion article “Creating a Better Place: Physical Improvements in Academic Libraries, 1995-2002” (Shill and Tonner). The measurement of library usage was by exit gate counts before and after library improvements. Setting – American academic libraries in which: facility improvement projects were completed between 1995 and 2002, the project space was not smaller than 20,000 square feet, the project space did not include off-site storage or non-public space, and gate-count statistics from before and after facility changes were available. Subjects – Ninety of 384 identified academic libraries were able to provide usable data on: exit gate count, total circulation, in-house collection use, and reference transaction data. Methods – The data collection was undertaken in 2003 for the companion study (Shill and Tonner). A population of 384 libraries potentially able to meet criteria for the study was gathered and each library was invited by e-mail to complete a Web-based survey. Through this initial contact, 357 libraries were confirmed as meeting the study criteria, and responses were received from 182 of those providing a 51% overall response rate. Respondents were asked about institutional characteristics (public or private, Carnegie classification, etc.); project specific features (year of completion, nature of project, etc.); nature and extent of changes (seating, wiring, HVAC, etc.); presence of non-library services in the facility; collection arrangements; before and after quality changes in lighting, seating and a range of services (as assessed by the survey respondent); and before and after project completion gate count usage statistics. Respondents were asked a set of eleven questions each with a five-point scale about facility quality and librarian satisfaction with the former and the changed facility. A further criteria requirement of the availability of pre- and post-project gate count was implemented, reducing the number of libraries to be studied to 90. Facility usage changes were calculated by subtracting the gate count total for the last complete year pre-project from the most recent year gate count post project. Main results - Eighty percent of the 90 libraries reported increased gate count post-project, and 20 percent reported a decline in usage. The median increase across the libraries was 37.4 percent with 25.6 percent of libraries experiencing a post-project increase of 100 percent or more. Renovated facilities were more likely to see usage decline, but there was no statistically significant difference in usage change between renovated and new facilities. Libraries more recently upgraded saw greater usage growth than those renovations completed earlier in the study period, although 75 percent of the facilities continued to experience higher post-project usage levels. Nearly all of the private institutions (93.1%) experienced usage increases and almost half experienced growth of 100 percent or more. No statistically significant relationship was found between changes in post project usage and: The proportion of facility space allocated for library functions The physical location of the library on campus The size of the library facility The level of degrees offered at the institution The availability of wireless access The number of computers in the instruction lab The number of public access workstations A larger number of seats The number of group study rooms The shelving capacity, the use of compact shelving or off-site storage The presence of coffee or snack bars The presence of any non-library facilities There was a statistically significant correlation (Pearson’s r) between increased post project usage and: The institution type (public or private) (p=.000) The number of data ports in the facility (p=.005) The percent of wired seats (p=.034) Ten elements relating to improved quality emerged as statistically significant in relation to increased usage, although the correlation for quality of artificial lighting was not statistically significant (p=.162 n.s.). The statistically significant correlations (Pearson’s r) between quality and increased usage in order of strength of correlation were: the quality of the instruction lab (p=.000); layout (p=.001); public access workstations (p=.006); natural lighting (p=.007); user workspace (p=.008); telecommunications infrastructure (p=.014); overall ambience (p=.020); collection storage (p=.026); heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning system (p=.026); and service point locations (p=.038). Conclusion – This study confirmed that 80 percent of libraries experience usage increase after a library improvement project. The study revealed those investments that cause increased use, and also found that a number of variables previously predicted to cause usage growth were not significant. The study also found that quality of the improvements, additions, and the building are a significant driver of increased use. The median 37.4 percent increase demonstrates that, contrary to reports in the literature (Shill and Tonner 460), overall library usage is increasing in these institutions.

Theme: Signature Learning ExperiencesSeptemer 19, 2014 Conference Director:Laura Lukes (Center for Teaching & Faculty Excellence) Advisory & Selection Committee:Jan ArminioKimberly EbyKat HithcockMichelle LaFranceSusan LawrenceJessica MatthewsJanette MuirSteve NodineDiane SmithJoy TaylorBethany Usher Logistical Coordination:Ashleen Gayda (Center for Teaching and Faculty Excellence)Tamara Day (Office of Events Management) Logistical Support:Events ProductionSamira LloydLindsey LowenburgDenise Nazaire Conference Proceedings:Laura LukesEmily LambackChyna Staten (Retroactive) Sponsors: Blackboard, Inc.; 4-VA; University Libraries; Cengage Learning; Center for the Arts; College of Education and Human Development; College of Health and Human Services; College of Humanities and Social Sciences; College of Science; College of Visual and Performing Arts; Division of Instructional Technology; Graduate Student Life; Higher Education Program; Hylton Performing Arts Center; Mason Athletics; Mason Bookstore; O ce of Distance Education; Office of Student Scholarship, Creative Activities, and Research; School for Confiict Analysis and Resolution; School of Business; School of Policy, Government, and International Affairs; University Life; Volgenau School of Engineering; Writing Across the Curriculum; and The Writing Center. Session Hosts & Volunteers: Sarah Davis Randy Gabel Ariel Goldenthal Caitlin HolmesMichelle Hughes David KravitzMichelle LaFrance Shawn Lee Jamie LesterLindsey LowenbergJames Merrifield Janette MuirJeff OffuttJulie Owen PsycheReadyEsperanza Roman-MendozaDanielle RudesBob Sachs Lesley Smith Christine SpillsonJoy TaylorBethany UsherShannon Williams

Theme:The Science of Learning: Using Research to Improve Teaching7th Annual ConferenceSeptember 18, 2015 Conference Director:Laura Lukes (Center for Teaching & Faculty Excellence) Advisory & Selection Committee: Boicu, MihaiBoyette, JoannaClare, KatieCressman, RobEby, KimEdwards, CodyGeorge, ChristianGliozzi, MarioGoldman, JonathanHannan, HeatherKoch, LisaKravitz, DavidLawrence, SusanLukes, LauraMallett, KarynOffutt, JeffOlesova, LarisaOwen, JuliePettigrew, KathyReid, ShelleyRogers, PaulSaleem, RajaSaunders, CathyScott Constantine, LynneUsher, BethanyWarren, JohnWest, PatriciaWillis, OdetteWolf, PaigeYigit, Erdal Logistical Coordination:Ashleen Gayda (Center for Teaching & Faculty Excellence)Tamara Day (Events Management) Logistical Support:Office of Events ManagementEvents ProductionMason CateringAndrew Cote (OSCAR)Samira Lloyd (OSCAR)Denise Nazaire (OSCAR) Conference Proceedings:John WarrenJeri WieringaLaura LukesAshleen GaydaEmily LambackChyna Staten (Retroactive) Sponsors: BlackboardGeorge Mason University LibrariesGeorge Mason Publishing GroupProQuestUPCEABarnes & Noble College: George Mason Bookstore4-VAThe New York Times in Education Supporters:College of Education and Human Development; College of Health and Human Services; College of Humanities and Social Sciences; College of Science; College of Visual and Performing Arts; Graduate Student Life; Higher Education Program; Information Technology Services; Office of Distance Education; Office of Student Scholarship, Creative Activities, and Research; School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution; School of Business; School of Policy, Government, and International A airs; University Life; Volgenau School of Engineering; Writing Across the Curriculum; and The Writing Center.Volunteers:Dorothy Amoah-Darko, Sam Ashworth, Jesse Capobianco, Cameron Carter, Andrew Cartwright, Zella Christensen, Lynne Scott Constantine, Svetlana Filiatreau, Andrew Finn, Darcy Gagnon, Liesel Hamilton, Caitlin Holmes, Tabine Kamaleddine, Mills Kelly, Joey Kuhn, Ying-Ying Kuo, Shawn Lee, Jaime Lester, Jessica Matthews, Je O utt, Larisa Olesova, Julie Owen, Nathalia Peixoto, Richena Purnell-Sayle, Esperanza Roman-Mendoza, Robert Sachs, Catherine Saunders, Linda Sheridan, Darlene Smucny, Debra Sprague, Carol Stiller, Bethany Usher, John Warren, Gerald Weatherspoon, Margaret Weiss, and the students of TOUR 440. of Engineering; Writing Across the Curriculum; and The Writing Center.

This book review of Shawna Kidman’s Comic Books Incorporated: How the Business of Comics Became the Business of Hollywood highlights the works crucial intervention in comic book studies. In the face of a rote history of the comic book as a persistent subcultural phenomenon, Kidman argues that attending to the various legal, social, and industrial infrastructures of comic book culture can illustrate the ebbs and flows of comic book popularity, its shifts in genres and tone, and its movements across mediums as the path of a “fundamentally corporate” medium, “a dominant form in a culture built to support its growth.” The review sketches the book’s chapters, which each focus on a different form of infrastructure relevant to the history of the comic book: distribution, copyright law, subculture, and financing. I end with further areas of research suggested by this work, particularly within the field of historical ethnography. While Comic Books Incorporated tells its story through the history of industrial logics, a closer attention to comic book reading practices during the time in which this story takes place can deepen our understanding of the transformation from a mass medium with seemingly equal readership across gender to a niche subcultural fascination for college aged white men.Throughout the text, the work demystifies a prevailing narrative that the comics industry and fanbase tells: that the success of the medium is due to the inherent quality of the source material. This book thoroughly demonstrates that the evolution of the comic book was driven not by creativity and iconoclasm, but by corporate logic.

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