Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sharing and access practices

Academic literature on the topic 'Sharing and access practices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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Villanueva, Angela G., Robert Cook-Deegan, Jill O. Robinson, Amy L. McGuire, and Mary A. Majumder. "Genomic Data-Sharing Practices." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47, no. 1 (2019): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110519840482.

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Making data broadly accessible is essential to creating a medical information commons (MIC). Transparency about data-sharing practices can cultivate trust among prospective and existing MIC participants. We present an analysis of 34 initiatives sharing DNA-derived data based on public information. We describe data-sharing practices captured, including practices related to consent, privacy and security, data access, oversight, and participant engagement. Our results reveal that data-sharing initiatives have some distance to go in achieving transparency.
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Mauthner, Natasha Susan, and Odette Parry. "Open Access Digital Data Sharing: Principles, Policies and Practices☆." Social Epistemology 27, no. 1 (January 2013): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02691728.2012.760663.

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Shabani, Mahsa, and Mojisola Obasa. "Transparency and objectivity in governance of clinical trials data sharing: Current practices and approaches." Clinical Trials 16, no. 5 (July 26, 2019): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740774519865517.

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Sharing metadata, individual participant data and summary data, as a complement to results dissemination and trial registration requirements, is perceived to be advantageous by enabling faster and more accurate meta-analyses and reducing the need for additional trials. To date, various models of data access have been utilized in order to manage clinical trials data sharing and access in line with the rights and interests of sponsors, researchers and patients involved in clinical trials. In order to ensure responsible data sharing, the data access review process should be developed in a way that ensures fairness, transparency and objectivity. In this article, we critically review some examples of current governance models in clinical trials data sharing and suggest approaches to ensure the objectivity of the data access review process.
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Franzen, Margaret, and James Eaves. "Effect of market access on sharing practices within two Huaorani communities." Ecological Economics 63, no. 4 (September 2007): 776–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.001.

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Saeed, Saqib, Volkmar Pipek, Markus Rohde, Christian Reuter, Aparecido Fabiano Pinatti de Carvalho, and Volker Wulf. "Nomadic Knowledge Sharing Practices and Challenges: Findings From a Long-Term Case Study." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 63564–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916903.

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Jurana, Andi Chairil Furqan, and Rahma Masdar. "PENTINGNYA PRAKTIK AKUNTANSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKSES PEMBIAYAAN BAGI HASIL." Imanensi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, dan Akuntansi Islam 6, no. 2 (September 10, 2021): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.34202/imanensi.6.2.2021.109-116.

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Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pentingnya praktik akuntansi pada industri kreatif di Palu dalam meningkatkan akses pembiayaan bagi hasil. Dua analisis data dilakukan, pertama analisis statistik deskriptif untuk mengetahui sejauhmana praktik akuntansi dijalankan pelaku UMKM, kedua menggunakan regresi linear sederhana untuk mengetahui persepsi pelaku UMKM industri kreatif tentang akses terhadap pembiayaan bagi hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaku UMKM di Palu belum mempraktikkan akuntansi sesuai SAK-ETAP, sehingga akan berpengaruh terhadap akses pembiayaan bagi hasil. Tersedianya laporan keuangan sesuai SAK ETAP akan memudahkan bank menganalisis prospek usaha dan kemampuan calon nasabah dalam pengembalian pembiayaan. Abstract This study aims to determine the importance of accounting practices in the creative industry in Palu in increasing access to profit-sharing financing. Two data analyzes were carried out, firstly, descriptive statistical analysis to determine the extent to which accounting practices were carried out by MSME actors, secondly using simple linear regression to determine the perception of creative industry MSME actors regarding access to profit-sharing financing. The results of the study indicate that MSME actors in Palu have not practiced accounting according to SAK-ETAP, so that it will affect access to profit-sharing financing. The availability of financial reports in accordance with SAK ETAP will make it easier for banks to analyze business prospects and the ability of prospective customers to repay financing.Implementation of Accounting and Access to Profit Sharing Financing in Creative Industries.
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Boué, Stéphanie, Michael Byrne, A. Wallace Hayes, Julia Hoeng, and Manuel C. Peitsch. "Embracing Transparency Through Data Sharing." International Journal of Toxicology 37, no. 6 (October 3, 2018): 466–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581818803880.

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Low rates of reproducibility and translatability of data from nonclinical research have been reported. Major causes of irreproducibility include oversights in study design, failure to characterize reagents and protocols, a lack of access to detailed methods and data, and an absence of universally accepted and applied standards and guidelines. Specific areas of concern include uncharacterized antibodies and cell lines, the use of inappropriate sampling and testing protocols, a lack of transparency and access to raw data, and deficiencies in the translatability of findings to the clinic from studies using animal models of disease. All stakeholders—academia, industry, funding agencies, regulators, nonprofit entities, and publishers—are encouraged to play active roles in addressing these challenges by formulating and promoting access to best practices and standard operating procedures and validating data collaboratively at each step of the biomedical research life cycle.
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Patnaik, Archana, Joost Jongerden, and Guido Ruivenkamp. "Repossession through sharing of and access to seeds: different cases and practices." International Review of Sociology 27, no. 1 (October 16, 2016): 179–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03906701.2016.1235213.

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Curtis, Steven Kane, and Matthias Lehner. "Defining the Sharing Economy for Sustainability." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030567.

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(1) Background: The sharing economy has emerged as a phenomenon widely described by academic literature to promote more sustainable consumption practices such as access over ownership. However, there exists great semantic confusion within academic literature surrounding the term “sharing economy,” which threatens the realisation of its purported sustainability potential. (2) Objective: The aim of this paper is to synthesise the existing academic definitions and propose a definition of the sharing economy from the perspective of sustainability science in order to indicate sharing practices that are consistent with the sustainability claims attributed to the sharing economy. (3) Methods: We conduct a database search to collect relevant academic articles. Then, we leverage qualitative content analysis in order to analyse the authors’ definitions and to synthesise the broad dimensions of the sharing economy in the discourse. (4) Results: We propose the following characteristics, or semantic properties, of the sharing economy for sustainability: ICT-mediated, non-pecuniary motivation for ownership, temporary access, rivalrous and tangible goods. (5) Conclusion: The semantic properties that inform our definition of the sharing economy for sustainability indicate those sharing practices that promote sustainable consumption compared to purely market-based exchanges. This definition is relevant for academics studying the sustainability impacts of the sharing economy in order to promote comparability and compatibility in research. Furthermore, the definition is useful for policy-makers, entrepreneurs, managers and consumers that have the sharing economy on the agenda in order to promote social enterprise and support sustainable consumption.
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Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas, Rodrigo Costas, and Thed N. van Leeuwen. "Open Access uptake by universities worldwide." PeerJ 8 (July 8, 2020): e9410. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9410.

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The implementation of policies promoting the adoption of an open science (OS) culture must be accompanied by indicators that allow monitoring the uptake of such policies and their potential effects on research publishing and sharing practices. This study presents indicators of open access (OA) at the institutional level for universities worldwide. By combining data from Web of Science, Unpaywall and the Leiden Ranking disambiguation of institutions, we track OA coverage of universities’ output for 963 institutions. This paper presents the methodological challenges, conceptual discrepancies and limitations and discusses further steps needed to move forward the discussion on fostering OA and OS practices and policies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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Lawrence-Kuether, Maureen Anne. "Beyond the Paywall: Examining Open Access and Data Sharing Practices Among Faculty at Virginia Tech Through the Lens of Social Exchange." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78236.

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The movement towards open access has allowed academic researchers to communicate and share their scholarly content more widely by being freely available to Internet users. However, there are still issues of concern among faculty in regards to making their scholarly output open access. This study surveyed Virginia Tech faculty (N = 264) awareness and attitudes toward open access practices. In addition, faculty were asked to identify factors that inhibited or encouraged their participation in open access repositories. Findings indicate that while the majority of Virginia Tech faculty are seeking to publish in open access, many are unaware of the open access services provided by the university and even less are using the services available to them. Time, effort, and costs were identified as factors inhibiting open access and data sharing practices. Differences in awareness and attitudes towards open access were observed among faculty ranks and areas of research. Virginia Tech will need to increase faculty awareness of institutional open access repositories and maximize benefits over perceived costs if there is to be more faculty participation in open access practices.
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Lowman, Michael. "The effectiveness of access and benefit-sharing legislation in South Africa: practical considerations for national regimes." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12090.

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The Convention on Biological Diversity provides an international regulatory framework for countries to develop their own access and benefit-sharing (ABS) legislation. This international convention governs the utilization of a country's genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. Due to increased capabilities and demand from industry for these resources, a market is created over which ABS legislation is to govern. This is based on the realization of the objectives of the convention that provide for state sovereignty over a country's indigenous biological resources. This dissertation presents the results from an evaluation of ABS legislation and its implementation within South Africa. Key objectives are to analyze the implementation of regulations and procedures governing access to indigenous biological resources and traditional knowledge, and associated institutional arrangements.
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Gruen-Martin, Adèle. "Understanding consumer appropriation in access-based consumption as the creation of meanings : an investigation trough design." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED016/document.

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Cette dissertation a pour but de comprendre l’appropriation par les consommateurs d’objets ou lieux qu’ils partagent. En nous basant sur les théories de l’appropriation, de la consommation par l’accès et du design, nous questionnons la définition, l’émergence et la valeur perçue de l’appropriation en accès. Nous explorons les contextes de l’autopartage et du coworking au travers de quatre articles. Nos résultats mettent l’emphase sur le rôle des objets matériels dans la mise en pratique de l’appropriation par les consommateurs. Nous définissons l’appropriation du consommateur dans le cadre de l’accès comme la création de significations (valeur de signe, valeur de lien, bien-être dans l’usage) grâce à un ensemble routiniers de pratiques entre les consommateurs et les éléments matériels de l’activité de consommation par l’accès
This dissertation aims to understand consumer appropriation of objects and places shared with others. We draw from theories of appropriation, access-based consumption and design to question the definition, the value and the emergence of consumer appropriation in access. We explore the contexts of car sharing and coworking spaces through four research articles. Our findings highlight the role of material objects in the enactment of consumer appropriation practices. We define consumer appropriation as the creation of meanings (sign value, linking value, wellbeing in use) enacted through a routinized set of practices between the consumer and the material elements of the access-based activity
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Ebenezer, Catherine. "'Access denied'? : barriers for staff accessing, using and sharing published information online within the National Health Service (NHS) in England : technology, risk, culture, policy and practice." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/19826/.

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The overall aim of the study was to investigate barriers to online professional information seeking, use and sharing occurring within the NHS in England, their possible effects (upon education, working practices, working lives and clinical and organisational effectiveness), and possible explanatory or causative factors. The investigation adopted a qualitative case study approach, using semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis as its methods, with three NHS Trusts of different types (acute - district general hospital, mental health / community, acute – teaching) as the nested sites of data collection. It aimed to be both exploratory and explanatory. A stratified sample of participants, including representatives of professions whose perspectives were deemed to be relevant, and clinicians with educational or staff development responsibilities, was recruited for each Trust. Three non-Trust specialists (the product manager of a secure web gateway vendor, an academic e-learning specialist, and the senior manager at NICE responsible for the NHS Evidence electronic content and web platform) were also interviewed. Policy documents, statistics, strategies, reports and quality accounts for the Trusts were obtained via public websites, from participants or via Freedom of Information requests. Thematic analysis following the approach of Braun and Clarke (2006) was adopted as the analytic method for both interviews and documents. The key themes of the results that emerged are presented: barriers to accessing and using information, education and training, professional cultures and norms, information governance and security, and communications policy. The findings are discussed under three main headings: power, culture, trust and risk in information security; use and regulation of Web 2.0 and social media, and the system of professions. It became evident that the roots of problems with access to and use of such information lay deep within the culture and organisational characteristics of the NHS and its use of IT. A possible model is presented to explain the interaction of the various technical and organisational factors that were identified as relevant. A number of policy recommendations are put forward to improve access to published information at Trust level, as well as recommendations for further research.
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Beiter, Bernd Michael. "Secret sharing schemes on general access structures /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991819993/04.

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Sleeper, Manya. "Everyday Online Sharing." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2016. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/881.

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People make a range of everyday decisions about how and whether to share content with different people, across different platforms and services, during a variety of tasks. These sharing decisions can encompass complex preferences and a variety of access-control dimensions. In this thesis I examine potential methods for improving sharing mechanisms by better understanding the everyday online sharing environment and evaluating a potential sharing tool. I first present two studies that explore how current sharing mechanisms may fall short on social networking sites, leading to suboptimal outcomes such as regret or self censorship. I discuss the implications of these suboptimal outcomes for the design of behavioral nudging tools and the potential for improving the design of selective-sharing mechanisms. I then draw on a third study to explore the broader “ecosystem” of available channels created by the services and platforms people move between and combine to share content in everyday contexts. I examine the role of selective-sharing features in the broader audience-driven and task-driven dynamics that drive sharing decisions in this environment. I discuss the implications of channel choice and dynamics for the design of selective-sharing mechanisms. Using insights from current shortfalls and ecosystem-level dynamics I then present a fourth study examining the potential for adding topic-driven sharing mechanisms to Facebook. I use design mockups and a lab-based interview to explore participants’ hypothetical use cases for such mechanisms. I find that these mechanisms could potentially be useful in a variety of situations, but successful implementation would require accounting for privacy requirements and users’ sharing strategies.
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Eren, Murat Erkan. "Knowledge-sharing Practices Among Turkish Peacekeeping Officers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149588/.

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The Turkish National Police (TNP) peacekeeping officers experience poor knowledge-sharing practices before, during, and after their tours of duty at the United Nations (UN) field missions, thus causing knowledge loss. The study aims to reveal the current knowledge-sharing practices of the TNP peacekeeping officers and proposes a knowledge-sharing system to share knowledge effectively. It also examines how applicable the knowledge management models are for their knowledge-sharing practices. In order to gain a better understanding about the knowledge-sharing practices of TNP officers, the researcher used a qualitative research method in this study. The researcher used semi-structured interviews in data collection. The participants were selected based on the non-probability and purposive sampling method. Content analysis and constant comparison was performed in the data analysis process. The most important knowledge sources of the peacekeeping officers are their colleagues, the Internet, and email groups. The peacekeepers recommend writing reports, organizing training programs, conducting exit interviews, adopting best practices, and creating a knowledge depository. The study uncovers that organizational culture, hierarchy, and physical proximity are significant factors that have a vital impact on knowledge sharing. Knowledge Conversion Model is substantially applicable for the knowledge-sharing practices of the TNP peacekeeping officer.
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He, Kun. "Content privacy and access control in image-sharing platforms." Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CSUP0007.

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Au cours de ces dernières années, de plus en plus d’utilisateurs choisissent de diffuser leurs photos sur des plateformes de partage d’images. Ces plateformes permettent aux utilisateurs de restreindre l’accès aux images à un groupe de personnes, afin de donner un sentiment de confiance aux utilisateurs vis-à-vis de la confidentialité de ces images. Malheureusement, la confidentialité ne peut être garantie sachant que le fournisseur de la plateforme a accès aux contenus de n’importe quelle image publiée sur sa plateforme. En revanche, si les images sont mises en ligne chiffrées, seules les personnes ayant la possibilité de déchiffrer les images, auront accès aux images. Ainsi, la confidentialité peut être assurée. Trois principales spécificités sont à prendre en compte lors du chiffrement d’une image : le schéma de chiffrement doit être effectué en respectant le format de l’image (e.g. format JPEG), garantir l’indistinguabilité (l’adversaire ne doit obtenir de l’information sur le contenu de l’image à partir de l’image chiffrée), et doit être compatible avec les traitements des images spécifiques à la plateforme de partage d’images. L’objectif principal de cette thèse a été de proposer un tel schéma de chiffrement pour les images JPEG. Nous avons d’abord proposé et implémenté un schéma de chiffrement garantissant la conservation de l’image et l’indistinguabilité. Malheureusement, nous avons montré que sur Facebook, Instagram, Weibo et Wechat, notre solution ne permettait de maintenir une qualité d’images suffisante après déchiffrement. Par conséquent, des codes correcteurs ont été ajoutés à notre schéma de chiffrement, afin de maintenir la qualité des images
In recent years, more and more users prefer to share their photos through image-sharing platforms. Most of platforms allow users to specify who can access to the images, it may result a feeling of safety and privacy. However, the privacy is not guaranteed, since at least the provider of platforms can clearly know the contents of any published images. According to some existing researches, encrypting images before publishing them, and only the authorised users who can decrypt the encrypted image. In this way, user’s privacy can be protected.There are three challenges when proposing an encryption algorithm for the images published on image-sharing platforms: the algorithm has to preserve image format (e.g. JPEG image) after encryption, the algorithm should be secure (i.e. the adversary cannot get any information of plaintext image from the encrypted image), and the algorithm has to be compatible with basic image processing in each platform. In this thesis, our main goal is to propose an encryption algorithm to protect JPEG image privacy on different image-sharing platforms and overcome the three challenges. We first propose an encryption algorithm which can meet the requirements of the first two points. We then implement this algorithm on several widely-used image-sharing platforms. However, the results show that it cannot recover the plaintext image with a high quality after downloading the image from Facebook, Instagram, Weibo and Wechat. Therefore, we add the correcting mechanism to improve this algorithm, which reduces the losses of image information during uploading the encrypted image on each platform and reconstruct the downloaded images with a high quality
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Kayem, Anne Voluntas dei Massah. "Adaptive Cryptographic Access Control for Dynamic Data Sharing Environments." Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1557.

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Kaskaloglu, Kerem. "Some Generalized Multipartite Access Structures." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611965/index.pdf.

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In this work, we study some generalized multipartite access structures and linear secret sharing schemes for their realizations. Given a multipartite set of participants with m compartments (or levels) and m conditions to be satisfied by an authorized set, we firstly examine the intermediary access structures arousing from the natural case concerning that any c out of m of these conditions suffice, instead of requiring anyone or all of the m conditions simultaneously, yielding to generalizations for both the compartmented and hierarchical cases. These are realized essentially by employing a series of Lagrange interpolations and a simple frequently-used connective tool called access structure product, as well as some known constructions for existing ideal schemes. The resulting schemes are non-ideal but perfect. We also consider nested multipartite access structures, where we let a compartment to be defined within another, so that the access structure is composed of some multipartite substructures. We extend formerly employed bivariate interpolation techniques to multivariate interpolation, in order to realize such access structures. The generic scheme we consider is perfect with a high probability such as 1-O(1/q) on a finite field F_q. In particular, we propose a non-nested generalization for the conventional compartmented access structures, which depicts a stronger way of controlling the additional participants.
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Books on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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H, Lee Sul, ed. Access, resource sharing, and collection development. New York: Haworth Press, 1996.

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Holland, Oliver, Hanna Bogucka, and Arturas Medeisis, eds. Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing and White Space Access. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119057246.

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Fedosov, Anton. Supporting the Design of Technology-Mediated Sharing Practices. Berlin: Carl Grossmann Verlag, 2020.

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Regional Seminar on Alternative Development for Illicit Crop Eradication Policies, Strategies, and Actions (2001 Taunggyi, Burma). Alternative development: Sharing good practices facing common problems. Bangkok, Thailand: UNDCP Regional Centre for East Asia and the Pacific, 2001.

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Oommen, Oommen V., K. P. Laladhas, Prakash Nelliyat, and Balakrishna Pisupati, eds. Biodiversity Conservation Through Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16186-5.

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Pasaribu, Manerep. Best practices dan BUMN: Melalui sharing best practices BUMN bisa melayani lebih baik. Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo, 2013.

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Preservation education: Sharing best practices and finding common ground. Hanover: University Press of New England, 2014.

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Smagadi, Aphrodite. Medicinal bioprospecting: Policy options for access and benefit-sharing. London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law, 2009.

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Committee, DHS Data Privacy and Integrity Advisory. A white paper: DHS information sharing and access agreements. Washington, DC: DHS Data Privacy and Integrity Advisory Committee, [2009?], 2009.

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Pearson, Jessica. Child access and visitation programs: Promising practices. Washington, D.C. (370 L'Enfant Promenade, SW, Washington 20447): Dept. of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Child Support Enforcement, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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Weinmeister, Philip. "Access, Sharing, and Visibility." In Practical Guide to Salesforce Communities, 179–99. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-3609-3_8.

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Weinmeister, Philip. "Access, Sharing, and Visibility." In Practical Guide to Salesforce Experience Cloud, 211–31. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-8132-1_8.

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Schroeder, Doris, and Julie Cook Lucas. "Towards Best Practice for Benefit Sharing Involving Access to Human Biological Resources: Conclusions and Recommendations." In Benefit Sharing, 217–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6205-3_10.

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Ishizu, Kentaro, Keiichi Mizutani, Takeshi Matsumura, Ha-Nguyen Tran, Stanislav Filin, Hirokazu Sawada, and Hiroshi Harada. "Developments and Practical Field Trials of TV White Space Technologies." In Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing and White Space Access, 513–49. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119057246.ch22.

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Syam, Nirmalya. "Robust Patent Examination or Deep Harmonization? Cooperation and Work Sharing Between Patent Offices." In Access to Medicines and Vaccines, 241–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83114-1_9.

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AbstractPatent laws and regulations in many countries have utilized the flexibility available under the WTO TRIPS Agreement to apply nationally appropriate standards to define the patentability criteria of novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability, in order to ensure the grant of high-quality patents for genuine inventions. Robust search and examination are crucial for the application of this flexibility to ensure the grant of patents for genuine inventions, e.g., for secondary pharmaceutical patent applications which could lead to patent evergreening and adversely impact access to medicines by restraining generic competition. However, limited examination resources of patent offices have been stretched by the tremendous surge in the number of patent applications to be processed, leading to delays and backlogs. This has led patent offices to prioritize efficient and speedy processing of patent applications with their limited resources by using the search and examination work of other patent offices, sometimes to the extent of granting a patent on the basis of a corresponding grant by another patent office. This chapter discusses how work sharing has been driven by the major patent offices as part of a global patent harmonization agenda, both within the WIPO Patent Cooperation Treaty and through technical assistance and cooperation with other patent offices, and suggests how patent offices in developing countries could best harness the advantages of work sharing, particularly in a South-South cooperation framework, while safeguarding the ability to apply in practice the patentability requirements under their national laws through a robust search and examination of patent claims.
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Zhang, Jie, and Futai Zhang. "Information-Theoretical Secure Verifiable Secret Sharing with Vector Space Access Structures over Bilinear Groups." In Information Security Practice and Experience, 318–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06320-1_24.

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Escobar-Pemberthy, Natalia, and Maria Alejandra Calle Saldarriaga. "International Business, Trade and the Nagoya Protocol: Best Practices and Challenges for Sustainability in Access and Benefit-Sharing." In World Sustainability Series, 813–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26759-9_48.

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Peters, Michael A., and Tina Besley. "Contesting the Neoliberal Discourse of the World Class University: ‘Digital Socialism’, Openness and Academic Publishing." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 235–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_14.

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AbstractThe principal aim of this paper is to contest the neoliberal discourse of the World Class University (WCU). The first section provides an understanding of the concept of the WCU within the context of a global competitive model of the knowledge economy and contrasts it with the social-democratic model based on open science and education that also provides links between new modes of openness, academic publishing and the world journal architecture. The paper makes the case for ‘knowledge socialism’ that accurately depicts the greater communitarian moment of the sharing and participative academic economy based on peer-to-peer production, social innovation and collective intelligence. It instantiates the notion of knowledge as a global public good. Profound changes in the nature of technology has enabled a kind of ‘digital socialism’ which is clearly evident in the shift in political economy of academic publishing based Open Access, cOAlition S, and ‘Plan S’ (mandated in 2020) established by national research funding organisations in Europe with the support of the European Commission and the European Research Council (ERC). The social democratic alternative to neoliberalism and the WCU is a form of the sharing academic economy known as ‘knowledge socialism’. Universities need to share knowledge in the search for effective responses to pressing world problems of fragile global ecologies and the growing significance of technological unemployment. This is a model that proceeds from a very different set of economic and moral assumptions than the neoliberal knowledge economy and the WCU.
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Kawai, Ayako. "The Diversity of Seed-Saving Governance and Sharing Systems in contemporary Japan." In Seeds for Diversity and Inclusion, 79–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89405-4_5.

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AbstractCrop diversity in Japan is on the ebb, eroded by factors such as the rise of industrialised agriculture, a shrinking and ageing population of farmers, and a dearth of knowledge transmission between generations. However, thousands of Japanese farmers follow a practice vital to fostering agrobiodiversity: seed saving. Using a qualitative case study approach, Ayako Kawai tracked diverse seed governance and sharing systems across four groups of producers: traditional, organic and ‘lifestyle’ farmers and local community members. She found differences in the ways seeds are valued—cultural, economic, rights-based, familial or personal—that influence approaches to saving and sharing seeds. Organic and traditional farmers and community growers, for instance, tightly regulate seed distribution, while part-time producers are far keener to actively share seeds. That could, notes Kawai, create a dilemma if broader access to genetic resources becomes a general priority. Yet she concludes that a plurality of practices, like crop diversity itself, builds in resilience by spreading risk and offering a range of responses to future uncertainties.
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Hojdik, Vladimír. "Zdieľaná mobilita ako faktor udržateľnosti." In Socio-economic Determinants of Sustainble Consumption and Production II, 57–64. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-8640-2021-6.

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Sharing mobility is currently widely discussed topic, as it becomes one of the potential pillars of sustainable development. Sharing mobility is closely related to sharing economy. The principle of sharing economy is based on the premise that having access to a product is cheaper, more practical and more environmentally friendly than owning it. The spread of sharing mobility is massive, especially in cities. Sharing mobility is an innovative mode of transport that increases mobility and provides connection between various transport modes. In this paper we describe concept of sharing mobility and characterize specific types of sharing mobility, as operated in the world.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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Dobrea, Olesea. "Towards open research: practices, experiences, barriers and opportunities (“Nicolae Testemitanu” USMPh case study)." In Open Science in the Republic of Moldova National Scientific Conference, 2nd edition. Information Society Development Institute, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57066/sdrm22.14.

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We are in the midst of progress and change regarding open science and open access to research data. There is a particular emphasis on good data practices, including data management and sharing plans. Open access to research data can help speed up the pace of discovery and provide more value and credibility to publicly funded research. The purpose of the study is to identify the attitudes and perceptions of the university medical community regarding the opening of data and to establish the role of the Scientific Medical Library in the management of research data. Applied research methods: sociological – the survey was based on the online questionnaire, which included 24 closed structured questions (with a single answer and with multiple answers), open (gives the opportunity to the respondent to answer as he wants, without any constraint), mixed, of opinion, as well as of scale, the non-random sampling, on a voluntary basis, research data analysis, and synthesis. The hypotheses established at the beginning of the research were confirmed, most respondents lack sufficient knowledge and skills about open research data. The study demonstrates an acknowledgment of the benefits of open data. The summative evaluation of the results allowed the identification of the essential factors that motivate the research activity: increasing visibility in the international scientific community, prestige, and career. At the same time, the impediments to the opening of research data were identified: lack of culture (knowledge) regarding data sharing and respectively researchers are not ready to share research data, the lack of a policy on research data management, problems related to copyright and intellectual property, data sensitivity, fear of misuse of research data, do not know where to publish such data, lack of knowledge about data and metadata standards, etc. Opening access to research results, data sharing, increasing research transparency, and adopting the Open Science model would accelerate the development rate of the Republic of Moldova. The opening of research data will improve the institutions position in international rankings, enhancing academic prestige and bringing additional financing. The Scientific Medical Library will organize information sessions for the university medical community, will promote the open data principle, will raise awareness among the university medical community regarding the benefits of open data, as well as participate in the development of institutional policy and the research data management plan at “Nicolae Testemitanu” State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, will develop a concept of open research data repository, etc.
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Borodin, Andrei Victorovich, and Polina Sergeevna Urazaeva. "About one approach to the decision of the task of key sharing of access to a secret." In IV International Research-to-practice conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-469647.

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McDonald, Sandra. "Practical and educational problems in sharing official micro data with researchers." In Training Researchers in the Use if Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/srap.00201.

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Many commentators have noted the need for reform in statistical education. They tend to focus on the analytical techniques that are critical to understanding and producing good quality statistical outputs. This paper adds to these discussions and looks at some of the main analytical issues that transpire from researchers accessing the particular form of statistical data sets in a national statistical office. However the conclusions are much more widely applicable to other data sets. It also considers the more practical, but very important skills and knowledge, applicable to all types of data, that a researcher needs, such as fashioning the data set into a format that is most useful to them, and ensuring they obtain access to data that will allow them to fulfil their research objectives.
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Meško, Maja, and Vasja Roblek. "Myths and the Truth About the Innovative Sustainable Model of Car Sharing in Europe." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.42.

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In the time of the 4th Industrial Revolution was introduced the sustainable model of car sharing. People began to realise the costs of owning and suboptimal use of cars, real estate and other goods. Innovative companies have started to promote services based on an economy of sharing, which has led to a change in the culture of ownership of goods. The first applications of the sharing economy were observed in durable goods such as cars and housing. In this article, we will focus on the question of how successful a genuine car-sharing model is in Europe. According to theory, the car-sharing model provides an example of a sharing economy in which the starting point, rather than ownership of an asset, is access to a service, which makes better use of the shared asset and makes it much cheaper to use and accessible to a wider range of people. The theory also emphasises the role of car sharing in urban environments, as it provides a sustainable environmental solution in the context of car electrification. In this way, such a model ensures that no harmful emissions are produced, and the sustainable aspect of this car-sharing model is further underlined by the use of electricity from renewable sources. However, the question is what the gap between theory and practice is. What do the citizens of European conurbations think about this business model, and how successful is it? To this end, we will use an automated content analysis procedure to analyse publications in scientific journals, newspapers and magazines.
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Mohd Shabarudin, Shazana Ezza, Mohamad Salhizan Salleh, Hizamal Afdzal Abu Bakar, Nasri Muhamad Jamaluddin, Nghia Vo Tri, Roland Hermann, Roberto Fuenmayor, and Mustaqim Mohamad Mokhlis. "Unlocking Potential Thru Sand Management Insights in Digital Fields." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31104-ms.

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Abstract Sand production is creating sand erosion and deposition issues at multiples levels such as tubing, choke and pipeline, therefore causing multiples undesirable events such as unplanned production deferment, integrity and sand handling capacity issues in each field. Traditionally, each field has common practices to address sand issues. However, this creates non-standard procedures and prevents sharing best practices around all the assets. Managing sand production and related risks are keys where a multi-disciplined team (from subsurface to the surface) is required to ensure safe operations in more than 45 offshore fields. To efficiently manage such a challenge at scale, there was a need to develop a single common digital platform for all. The digital platform provides unified user experience and proactive actionable insights to all assets with characteristics such as; Scalable to all fields Solution architecture to allow fast implementation Same company-wide user interface/user experience platform To achieve this ambition, it was necessary to move away from traditional waterfall project development to agile approach, automating ingestion of data from multiple sources, integrating the in-house development tool as engine based on equations develop specifically for Malaysia fields. The solution was deployed to all fields during 2019. This had created additional benefits such as Transparency on the data: Anyone can access to any field Visible Metrics: All fields sharing the same metrics, also improving and developing adjustments according to each situation Regulatory Compliance: Helping to keep up to date with sand sampling There are already fields reporting examples of value realization in the form of Cost Avoidance and/or reduction in unplanned deferment due to improved Sand Management handling from the solution. It is expected that the value realization will increase by taking actions of protecting the field of any Loss of Primary Containment (LOPC), saving time of deciding as Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE). The solution can potentially be utilized for annual field forecasting for work program and budget cycle.
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Woodward, Clare. "Internet not Available! Using Offline Networked Learning to Enhance Teachers’ School-Based Continuing Professional Development in Zambia." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.6083.

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Access to effective Continuing Professional Development can be difficult for teachers in sub-Saharan Africa, impacting their capacity to learn from best practice and improve their teaching approaches. Internet and cellphone services are seen as potential solutions, offering digital resources and online training. However, these are hindered by limited or expensive network coverage, leaving poorer-resourced and more remote schools behind. // Zambian Education School-based Training (ZEST) has trialled an innovative approach for teachers: an offline networked learning approach. Deploying low-cost, battery-powered small computers as networked hubs has enabled collaborative, digitally enhanced professional development training where internet access is too expensive or unreliable. Central to ZEST is the idea of teachers learning together in Teacher Group Meetings. Raspberry Pi computers, accessed via teachers’ own smartphones, have allowed educators to work together in proximity, sharing open digital resources. // Through interviews and observations and drawing from Blumenfeld et al.’s diagnostic framework (2000), we report on teachers’ and school leaders’ impressions of the benefits and challenges of this novel approach. We reflect on its adoption, appropriation, enactment, and maintenance by school systems. We offer findings that may be more broadly applied to support school-based professional development in similarly restricted environments.
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Kimbell, Richard. "Sharing and securing learners’ performance standards across schools." In Research Conference 2022: Reimagining assessment. Australian Council for Educational Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-685-7-6.

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Assessing learners’ performance makes very different demands upon teachers depending on the purpose and the context of the assessment. But common to all assessment is some sense of what ‘quality’ looks like. Most often teachers engage in formative assessments in the classroom, and the familiar standards of the classroom are adequate for this purpose. However if teachers are to undertake external, nationally regulated assessment then some sense of a national standard of quality is required. But there are very limited mechanisms by which teachers can acquire this understanding, so they use their best judgement, and standards vary from school to school not because anyone is attempting to cheat the system but simply because they cannot know what the real national standard is. It is for this reason that regulated examination bodies follow some process such as the following from the State Examinations Commission (SEC) in Ireland. ‘… teacher estimated marks will be subjected to an in-school alignment process and later a national standardisation process’. (SEC, 2021). How much simpler it would all be if teachers had – as a matter of normal practice – access to, and familiarity with, work from a national sample of schools, not just their own classroom. Adaptive Comparative Judgement (ACJ) is an online assessment tool that has been used for some years, principally as a formative tool for learners (e.g. Bartholomew et al., 2018; 2019). This presentation reports on a study of the new ACJ Steady State tool from the same stable. The purpose of the new tool is to solve the problem of variable standards across schools by enabling teachers to make paired judgements of work from multiple schools and thereby evolve and agree standards of performance beyond their own school. The current study is operating in Ireland with a group of schools, a university, and the SEC. The anticipated outcomes include 1) better consistency of performance standards across schools in the research group and 2) greater understanding of and confidence in assessment judgements by the teachers. If ACJ has proved to be a powerful formative assessment tool for learners, ACJ Steady State is designed to be a formative assessment tool for teachers, helping to inform and support their assessment judgements.
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Grecu, Mihai. "Challenges and opportunities in open scientific data policy development in the Republic of Moldova." In Open Science in the Republic of Moldova National Scientific Conference, 2nd edition. Information Society Development Institute, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57066/sdrm22.04.

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Open science initiatives are a global phenomenon. If in developed countries research and innovation enjoy significant support from governments, business and the entire society, and open science has become an important component in the landscape of scientific research, developing countries, such as the Republic of Moldova, have a situation a little more special regarding open access to scientific information, the use of new technologies and tools in the sharing and dissemination of knowledge, in the broad participation and collaboration between social partners in the act of research and innovation. New achievements in the field of information and communication technology offer developing countries great opportunities to increase their research capabilities and participate in the development of world science. There are, however, certain specific barriers that still prevent the free circulation of scientific information, the broad collaboration of actors in the field of research. Ensuring open access to research data is a big challenge for the scientific community in the Republic of Moldova. In order to respond to this challenge, it is necessary to develop and implement some policies and some normative acts that contribute to the consolidation of efforts in order to identify and capitalize on the opportunities offered by new technologies, good practices and European and international experience, the establishment of some sustainable mechanisms regarding management and reuse of research data. The paper addresses the issue of open scientific data in the Republic of Moldova emphasizing the need to develop policies that take into account local realities but also the opportunities for international collaboration and, first of all, those related to the status of a candidate country for joining the Union European.
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Weir, David A., Stephen Murray, Pankaj Bhawnani, and Douglas Rosenberg. "Experiences in Establishing Trustworthy Digital Repositories Within a Large Multi-National Pipeline Company." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90177.

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Traditionally business areas within an organization individually manage data essential for their operation. This data may be incorporated into specialized software applications, MS Excel or MS Access etc., e-mail filing, and hardcopy documents. These applications and data stores support the local business area decision-making and add to its knowledge. There have been problems with this approach. Data, knowledge and decisions are only captured locally within the business area and in many cases this information is not easily identifiable or available for enterprise-wide sharing. Furthermore, individuals within the business areas often keep “shadow files” of data and information. The state of accuracy, completeness, and timeliness of the data contained within these files is often questionable. Information created and managed at a local business level can be lost when a staff member leaves his or her role. This is especially significant given ongoing changes in today’s workforce. Data must be properly managed and maintained to retain its value within the organization. The development and execution of “single version of the truth” or master data management requires a partnership between the business areas, records management, legal, and the information technology groups of an organization. Master data management is expected to yield significant gains in staff effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity. In 2011, Enbridge Pipelines applied the principles of master data management and trusted data digital repositories to a widely used, geographically dispersed small database (less than 10,000 records) that had noted data shortcomings such as incomplete or incorrect data, multiple shadow files, and inconsistent usage throughout the organization of the application that stewards the data. This paper provides an overview of best practices in developing an authoritative single source of data and Enbridge experience in applying these practices to a real-world example. Challenges of the approach used by Enbridge and lessons learned will be examined and discussed.
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Kraft, Volker, and Curt Hinrichs. "Preparing Students to Solve Real Problems With Statistics." In Bridging the Gap: Empowering and Educating Today’s Learners in Statistics. International Association for Statistical Education, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/iase.icots11.t4a3.

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Students who master basic statistical methods are not automatically good problem solvers. This can be challenging when starting a career in industry. The journey from problem to solution requires a basic understanding of the typical workflow of data-driven decision making. A simple framework for the process of data discovery is a practical and useful addition to basic statistics education. This paper will mention some challenges students often experience when they move into industry along with a framework that connects the problem-solving elements from data access to data exploration and analysis to sharing results. It will also share freely accessible teaching resources such as the JMP Case Study Library that can help bring statistical problem solving into the classroom.
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Reports on the topic "Sharing and access practices"

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Velez, Eduardo. Brazil’s Practical Experience with Access and Benefit Sharing and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/nr_pb_20100708.

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Osidoma, Japhet, and Ashiru Mohammed Kinkwa. Creatively Improving Agricultural Practices and Productivity: Pro Resilience Action (PROACT) project, Nigeria. Oxfam, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7260.

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Since April 2016, The European Union and the Oxfam Pro-Resilience Action Project in Kebbi and Adamawa States, Nigeria, have supported poor smallholder rural farmers to improve their agricultural productivity. The project has a specific focus on increasing crop yields per hectare for better land usage, as well as ensuring farmers possess the skills they need to maintain good agricultural practices, such as inputs utilization and climate mitigation strategies, as well as an information-sharing system on weather and market prices. The project uses a Farmer Field School model that continues to serve as a viable platform for rural farmers to access hands-on skills and basic modern farming knowledge and techniques. The case studies presented here demonstrate a significant increase in farmers’ productivity, income and resilience. This approach should be emulated by governments and private sector players to achieve impact at scale in Nigeria’s agricultural sector, which is the country’s top non-oil revenue stream.
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.

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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Friedler, Haley S., Michelle B. Leavy, Eric Bickelman, Barbara Casanova, Diana Clarke, Danielle Cooke, Andy DeMayo, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Data Use and Governance Toolkit. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressiontoolkit.

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Executive Summary Patient registries are important tools for advancing research, improving healthcare quality, and supporting health policy. Registries contain vast amounts of data that could be used for new purposes when linked with other sources or shared with researchers. This toolkit was developed to summarize current best practices and provide information to assist registries interested in sharing data. The contents of this toolkit were developed based on review of the literature, existing registry practices, interviews with registries, and input from key stakeholders involved in the sharing of registry data. While some information in this toolkit may be relevant in other countries, this toolkit focuses on best practices for sharing data within the United States. Considerations related to data sharing differ across registries depending on the type of registry, registry purpose, funding source(s), and other factors; as such, this toolkit describes general best practices and considerations rather than providing specific recommendations. Finally, data sharing raises complex legal, regulatory, operational, and technical questions, and none of the information contained herein should be substituted for legal advice. The toolkit is organized into three sections: “Preparing to Share Data,” “Governance,” and “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests.” The section on “Preparing to Share Data” discusses the role of appropriate legal rights to further share the data and the need to follow all applicable ethical regulations. Registries should also prepare for data sharing activities by ensuring data are maintained appropriately and developing policies and procedures for governance and data sharing. The “Governance” section describes the role of governance in data sharing and outlines key governance tasks, including defining and staffing relevant oversight bodies; developing a data request process; reviewing data requests; and overseeing access to data by the requesting party. Governance structures vary based on the scope of data shared and registry resources. Lastly, the section on “Procedures for Reviewing and Responding to Data Requests” discusses the operational steps involved in sharing data. Policies and procedures for sharing data may depend on what types of data are available for sharing and with whom the data can be shared. Many registries develop a data request form for external researchers interested in using registry data. When reviewing requests, registries may consider whether the request aligns with the registry’s mission/purpose, the feasibility and merit of the proposed research, the qualifications of the requestor, and the necessary ethical and regulatory approvals, as well as administrative factors such as costs and timelines. Registries may require researchers to sign a data use agreement or other such contract to clearly define the terms and conditions of data use before providing access to the data in a secure manner. The toolkit concludes with a list of resources and appendices with supporting materials that registries may find helpful.
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Hudson Vitale, Cynthia, and Judy Ruttenberg. Investments in Open: Association of Research Libraries US University Member Expenditures on Services, Collections, Staff, and Infrastructure in Support of Open Scholarship. Association of Research Libraries, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29242/report.investmentsinopen2022.

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Open access (OA) and the broad sharing of research outputs has been empirically shown to accelerate scientific progress and benefit society and individuals at scale through improved health outcomes, socioeconomic mobility, and environmental well-being, to name a few. Academic research libraries, for their part, have made significant investments in opening up research and scholarship—particularly research conducted on their campuses and made available through journal subscriptions. Yet these investments are difficult to collect given their distribution across many budget lines, the lack of standardized reporting categories, and inconsistent data collection practices. In May–June 2022 the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) undertook a survey of its US-based academic research libraries to better understand OA expenses. This report presents the survey results.
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Dudoit, Alain, Molivann Panot, and Thierry Warin. Towards a multi-stakeholder Intermodal Trade-Transportation Data-Sharing and Knowledge Exchange Network. CIRANO, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/mvne7282.

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The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”
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Dasgupta, J., K. P. Oli, M. Kollmair, and T. D. Dhakal. Glossary of Access and Benefit Sharing Terms. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.467.

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Dasgupta, J., K. P. Oli, M. Kollmair, and T. D. Dhakal. Glossary of Access and Benefit Sharing Terms. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.467.

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Solano, Eric, Susanna Cantor, Philip Cooley, and Diane Wagener. Sharing Research Models: Using Software Engineering Practices for Facilitation. Research Triangle Park, NC: RTI Press, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2011.mr.0022.1103.

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Mitton, D. Network Access Servers Requirements: Extended RADIUS Practices. RFC Editor, July 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2882.

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