Journal articles on the topic 'Shared subjects scheme'
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Warner, James P., Michael King, Robert Blizard, Zara McClenahan, and Sylvia Tang. "Patient-held shared care records for individuals with mental illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 177, no. 4 (October 2000): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.177.4.319.
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BackgroundFew formalised shared care schemes exist within psychiatry and the evidence base for sharing psychiatric care is weak.AimsTo evaluate the utility of patient-held shared care records for individuals with long-term mental illness.MethodCluster-randomised controlled parallel-group 12-month trial involving 90 patients with long-term mental illness drawn from 28 general practices.ResultsCarrying a shared care record had no significant effect on mental state or satisfaction with psychiatric services. Compared with controls, patients in the shared care group were no more likely to be admitted (relative risk 1.2, 95% CI 0.86–1.67) and attend clinic (relative risk 0.96, 95% CI 0.67–1.36) over the study period. Uptake of the shared care scheme was low by patients and professionals alike. Subjects with psychotic illness were significantly less likely to use their records (relative risk 0.51, 95% CI 0.27–0.99).ConclusionsPatient-held records may not be helpful for patients with long-term mental illness.
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Akehurst, Harold, M. Amalia Pesantes, S. del Pilar Cornejo, Katty Manrique, Maria Lazo-Porras, Jill Portocarrero, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio J. Trujillo, and J. Jaime Miranda. "A descriptive study of potential participant preferences for the design of an incentivised weight loss programme for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a public hospital in Lima, Peru." Wellcome Open Research 3 (May 3, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14552.1.
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Background: Weight loss is important for the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus but is difficult to achieve and sustain. Programmes employing financial incentives have been successful in areas such as smoking cessation. However, the optimum design for an incentivised programme for weight loss is undetermined, and may depend on social, cultural and demographic factors. Methods: An original questionnaire was designed whose items addressed respondent personal and health characteristics, and preferences for a hypothetical incentivised weight loss programme. One hundred people with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited to complete the questionnaire from the endocrinology clinic of a public hospital in Lima, Peru. A descriptive analysis of responses was performed. Results: Ninety-five percent of subjects who had previously attempted to lose weight had found this either 'difficult' or 'very difficult'. Eighty-five percent of subjects would participate in an incentivised weight loss programme. Median suggested incentive for 1 kg weight loss every 2 weeks over 9 months was PEN 100 (~USD $30). Cash was preferred by 70% as payment method. Only 56% of subjects would participate in a deposit-contract scheme, and the median suggested deposit amount was PEN 20 (~USD $6). Eighty percent of subjects would share the incentive with a helper, and family members were the most common choice of helper. Conclusions: The challenge of achieving and sustaining weight loss is confirmed in this setting. Direct cash payments of PEN 100 were generally preferred, with substantial scope for involving a co-participant with whom the incentive could be shared. Employing direct financial incentives in future weight loss programmes appears to be widely acceptable among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Akehurst, Harold, M. Amalia Pesantes, S. del Pilar Cornejo, Katty Manrique, Maria Lazo-Porras, Jill Portocarrero, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio J. Trujillo, and J. Jaime Miranda. "A descriptive study of potential participant preferences for the design of an incentivised weight loss programme for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a public hospital in Lima, Peru." Wellcome Open Research 3 (September 27, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14552.2.
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Background: Weight loss is important for the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus but is difficult to achieve and sustain. Programmes employing financial incentives have been successful in areas such as smoking cessation. However, the optimum design for an incentivised programme for weight loss is undetermined, and may depend on social, cultural and demographic factors. Methods: An original questionnaire was designed whose items addressed respondent personal and health characteristics, and preferences for a hypothetical incentivised weight loss programme. One hundred people with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited to complete the questionnaire from the endocrinology clinic of a public hospital in Lima, Peru. A descriptive analysis of responses was performed. Results: Ninety-five percent of subjects who had previously attempted to lose weight had found this either 'difficult' or 'very difficult'. Eighty-five percent of subjects would participate in an incentivised weight loss programme. Median suggested incentive for 1 kg weight loss every 2 weeks over 9 months was PEN 100 (~USD $30). Cash was preferred by 70% as payment method. Only 56% of subjects would participate in a deposit-contract scheme, and the median suggested deposit amount was PEN 20 (~USD $6). Eighty percent of subjects would share the incentive with a helper, and family members were the most common choice of helper. Conclusions: The challenge of achieving and sustaining weight loss is confirmed in this setting. Direct cash payments of PEN 100 were generally preferred, with substantial scope for involving a co-participant with whom the incentive could be shared. Employing direct financial incentives in future weight loss programmes appears to be widely acceptable among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Chaturvedi, Vivek, and Jan A. M. Van Gisbergen. "Shared Target Selection for Combined Version-Vergence Eye Movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): 849–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.849.
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Chaturvedi, Vivek and Jan A. M. Van Gisbergen. Shared target selection for combined version-vergence eye movements. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 849–862, 1998. Primates frequently make rapid binocular eye movements to reorient gaze in both direction and depth. To explain the unequal movements made by the two eyes, it often is assumed that they result from the combined action of a conjugate saccadic system and a vergence contribution. Clearly such a scheme can only yield coordinated binocular movements if both systems are guided by a shared or coupled target selection mechanism. To investigate the degree of cooperation at this level, we studied binocular refixations to target-nontarget double-stimuli in three-dimensional (3-D) space. Binocular eye movements were recorded in seven subjects using the scleral coil technique. In the experiments, 20% of trials were composed of a green target and a red nontarget, presented at the same time, but at different locations in 3-D space. These were alternated randomly with single-target trials (80%) in which the green stimulus was presented randomly at one of eight possible positions in 3-D space. Instructions to the subject emphasized either the speed or accuracy of response. Our findings show that typical features of the saccadic response to double-stimuli (bistability, averaging, and a speed-accuracy trade-off), as found in earlier two-dimensional studies, are also prevalent for initial binocular refixations to double stimuli in 3-D space. When the first saccadic response is directed to one of the two stimuli, the vergence system almost invariably makes the same choice. Likewise, when the saccadic system makes a short-latency averaging response, the vergence system shows a similar compromise. Statistical analysis shows a high correlation between saccadic and vergence target selection, strongly suggesting that the amplitude computation process of both subsystems is due to a common target selection stage that has access to information about stimulus location in 3-D space.
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Sozzi, Stefania, and Marco Schieppati. "Stepping in Place While Voluntarily Turning Around Produces a Long-Lasting Posteffect Consisting in Inadvertent Turning While Stepping Eyes Closed." Neural Plasticity 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7123609.
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Training subjects to step in place on a rotating platform while maintaining a fixed body orientation in space produces a posteffect consisting in inadvertent turning around while stepping in place eyes closed (podokinetic after-rotation, PKAR). We tested the hypothesis that voluntary turning around while stepping in place also produces a posteffect similar to PKAR. Sixteen subjects performed 12 min of voluntary turning while stepping around their vertical axis eyes closed and 12 min of stepping in place eyes open on the center of a platform rotating at 60°/s (pretests). Then, subjects continued stepping in place eyes closed for at least 10 min (posteffect). We recorded the positions of markers fixed to head, shoulder, and feet. The posteffect of voluntary turning shared all features of PKAR. Time decay of angular velocity, stepping cadence, head acceleration, and ratio of angular velocity after to angular velocity before were similar between both protocols. Both postrotations took place inadvertently. The posteffects are possibly dependent on the repeated voluntary contraction of leg and foot intrarotating pelvic muscles that rotate the trunk over the stance foot, a synergy common to both protocols. We propose that stepping in place and voluntary turning can be a scheme ancillary to the rotating platform for training body segment coordination in patients with impairment of turning synergies of various origin.
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Navarrete-Cardero, Luis, and Juan-J. Vargas-Iglesias. "The ability of video games to depict cancer as a dramatic experience. A comparative study with literature and cinema." Communication & Society 32, no. 3 (April 1, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/003.32.30613.
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Given that the democratisation of video games has allowed this industry to appropriate a series of themes traditionally the exclusive preserve of other expressive media, this work analyses the capacity of videoludic expression to elicit emotions and convey the seriousness of cancer by performing a comparative study with literature and cinema. To this end, three works (one per medium) were selected to be respectively read, viewed or played by all the study subjects (n=90). A two-step methodology was employed. Firstly, the concepts of emotion and narrative scheme were defined in the context of disciplines relating to the three media and then shared with the subjects. Secondly, once both variables, i.e. the concepts of emotion and narration, had been controlled, a questionnaire was designed to determine which of the three works comprising the corpus best conveyed the experience of cancer. The results reveal that the sample game, in spite of its shortcomings in character design, was judged to be the one that most poignantly described the development of the disease. Therefore, it is possible to claim that the common belief that video games are trivial devices, solely designed to entertain, contrasts with their true expressive ability to convey dramatic experiences.
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Wang, Chenglin, Zhicheng Zhou, Xiaohui Yu, Jintao Chen, Pengnan Li, and Ziqi Wang. "Research on Profit Allocation of Agricultural Products Co-Delivery Based on Modified Interval Shapley Value." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 3303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043303.
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Most of the domestic wholesale markets have many operating entities, and the level of organization and scale is not high; therefore, at this stage, building a shared business platform and carrying out common distribution is an important way to improve the overall efficiency of the wholesale market distribution operations and the level of the intensive utilization of key resources such as vehicles. Carrying out common distribution requires the formation of a good synergy mechanism among the participating subjects, in which the design of a scientific and reasonable benefit distribution scheme, especially in balancing the relationship between government resources and social resources, is particularly important. As the benefit distribution of cooperation is affected by the dynamic changes of the resource input ratio, the distribution operation scale, the risk taking, and other factors, this paper establishes a multi-weight interval Shapley value method benefit distribution model, which reflects the effect of the key parameter variables. Through the empirical analysis of Beijing’s wholesale markets for agricultural products, the results show that the revised benefit distribution is more in line with the interest demands among multiple subjects and is positively correlated with the contribution degree among the participating subjects, which can better mobilize the cooperation enthusiasm of the participating enterprises and provide a new methodological path to solve the problem of common distribution in wholesale markets. The distribution model constructed in this paper further enriches the relevant research content in the field of common distribution and is of reference value for the benefit distribution problem that requires comprehensive consideration of the dynamic change in the multiple parameters affecting the relationship.
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F Viera, E., M. A Paucar, and A. Reinoso. "Competences of graduation for the curricular redesign of mechanical engineering based on local and national development agendas." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 5, 2018): 1970. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14080.
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This article proposes the implementation of CDIO (Conceive, Design, Implement and Operate) in the curricular redesign of the career of Mechanical Engineering. It presents a binding scheme of shared learning between the industry and academia to obtain graduate competencies, as a basis for curricular redesign. A new educational model is designed which allows the transition from know what to know how; interlacing the disciplines that intervene with skills and abilities to solve projects focused on local and national realities. It was defined that of the CDIO, standards 2, 3, 5 and 7 apply. This generates a student-centered curriculum with complementary disciplines, interlaced with inter and intra-personal skills, product manufacturing, processes and systems. This proposal considers specific knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that must be applied in the integral formation of Mechanical Engineers, in order to respond to the socio-productive needs of the country. Finally, the curricular redesign determines the areas of professional academic impact in Design, Energy, Materials and Production Management, taking into account the graduate competences and in a complementary way the learning results of the subjects of the career.
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Ahmad Izzuddin, Tarmizi, Norlaili Mat Safri, Fauzal Naim Zohedi, Mohamad Afzan Othman, and Muhammad Shaufil Adha Shawkany Hazim. "Single channel electroencephalogram (EEG) brain computer interface (BCI) feature extraction and quantization method for support vector machine classification." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (September 10, 2018): 2095. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.12843.
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Over the recent years, there has been a huge interest towards Electroencephalogram (EEG) based brain computer interface (BCI) system. BCI system enables the extraction of meaningful information directly from the human brain via suitable signal processing and machine learning method and thus, many researches have applied this technology towards rehabilitation and assistive robotics. Such application is important towards improving the lives of people with motor diseases such as Amytrophic Lateral Scelorosis (ALS) disease or people with quadriplegia/tetraplegia. This paper introduces features extraction method based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) with logarithmic bin-ning for rapid classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, with an application towards a BCI system with a shared con-trol scheme. In general, subjects wearing a single channel EEG electrode located at F8 (10-20 international standards) were required to syn-chronously imagine a star rotating and mind relaxation at specific time and direction. The imagination of a star would trigger a mobile robot suggesting that there exists a target object at certain direction. Based on the proposed algorithm, we showed that our algorithm can distin-guish between mind relaxation and mental star rotation with up to 80% accuracy from the single channel EEG signals.
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Novrian, Novrian, Rina Sovianti, and Suharjuddin Suharjuddin. "Komunikasi Kesehatan Berbasis Virtual pada Komunitas Ketofastosis Dalam Membangun Pemahaman Kesehatan." Jurnal Keamanan Nasional 7, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 192–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/jkn.v7i2.497.
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Community empowerment as a government partner in dealing with health issues is expected to improve public health in society. Today many communities are formed as an effort to address health issues. One of the communities that is currently in the spotlight of the general public is the ketofastosis Indonesia community (KFI). KFI was initiated and introduced to the public by Nur Agus Prasetyo. The community was formed in 2016. The large role of the community present in this online media also gives its own meaning to the members who are members of it. The formation of meanings between one individual and another is certainly different because each human being has a unique character. The problem of this study is how does warrior mean for the perpetrators of ketophastosis? The purpose of this study is to know the meaning of warrior for the perpetrators of Ketophastosis. The study used virtual ethnographic research methods and used the research subjects of two groups on social media whats app and instagram. The results of this study concluded the term warrior has two meanings for KFLS actors, namely beginner warrior and warrior mentor. Beginner warriors are KFLS actors who tend to ask and confirm whether the activities or food they consume are in accordance with procedures or not. This beginner warrior behavior in interacting shows that communication is a process by which individuals coordinate their behavior with a shared interpretive scheme. Warrior mentors are motivating people, forming a comfortable atmosphere and environment for budding warriors who still have doubts and fears in undergoing KFLS.
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Zhong, Xin, and Frank Y. Shih. "A High-Capacity Reversible Watermarking Scheme Based on Shape Decomposition for Medical Images." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 33, no. 01 (October 11, 2018): 1950001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001419500010.
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We present a high-capacity reversible, fragile, and blind watermarking scheme for medical images in this paper. A bottom-up saliency detection algorithm is applied to automatically locate the multiple arbitrarily-shaped regions of interest (ROIs). The iterative square-production algorithm is developed to generate different sizes of squares for shape decomposition on the regions of noninterest (RONIs). This scheme of combining the frequency-domain watermarking and arbitrarily-shaped ROI methods can significantly increase the watermarking capacity, whereas the embedded image fidelity is preserved. Extensive experiments were carried out on the OASIS medical image dataset, which consists of a cross-sectional collection of 416 subjects, aged from 18 to 96 years old. The results show that the proposed scheme outperforms six existing state-of-the-art schemes in terms of watermarking capacity and embedded image fidelity.
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Morrow, Daniel, Von Leirer, and Jill Andrassy. "Designing Medication Instructions for Older Adults." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 37, no. 2 (October 1993): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129303700209.
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We examined if medication instructions were better remembered when organized in terms of older adults' pre-existing schemes for taking medication. A preliminary study suggested that older adults share a general scheme with medication information grouped into 3 categories: (a) General Information (e.g., medication purpose), (b) How to take (dose), and (c) Possible Outcomes (side-effects). In the present study, we investigated age differences in this scheme and in instruction recall. We also examined if individual differences in organization related to cognitive abilities, health care beliefs, and medication taking experience. For the most part, the results provided further evidence that older adults share a scheme for taking medication and revealed few age differences in this organization. Verbal ability was more important than health attitudes for predicting individual differences in instruction organization. Most important, older and younger subjects preferred and better remembered instructions that were organized in terms of their medication taking scheme.
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Giulio, Perrotta, and Guerrieri Emanuele. "Celiac disease: Definition, classification, historical and epistemological profiles, anatomopathological aspects, clinical signs, differential diagnosis, treatments and prognosis. Proposed diagnostic scheme for celiac disease (DSCNC)." Archives of Clinical Gastroenterology 8, no. 1 (April 18, 2022): 008–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/2455-2283.000106.
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Celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy, caused (in genetically predisposed or susceptible individuals) by the ingestion of gluten, the complex of water-insoluble proteins found in cereal grains such as wheat, rye and barley. In terms of terminology, it is the complex natural history and extremely polymorphous clinical presentation that has created some confusion. In fact, to date, at least three different forms of celiac disease are known, in addition to the simple non-celiac gluten sensitivity, since in common clinical practice most patients do not present the classic symptoms such as malabsorptive syndrome with diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, weight loss and nutritional deficiency, but rather an anaemia, asthenia, meteorism, abdominal tension, osteoporosis and infertility, thus painting an extremely varied and complex symptomatic picture that is linked to enteric microbiota and microbiome issues. Celiac disease affects the mucosa of the small intestine, while it generally spares the submucosa, muscolaris propria and serosa; if the disease does not involve the whole of the small intestine but only part of it, it is usually more serious in the proximal than the distal tract. The simultaneous presence of shortened villi, crypt hyperplasia, the abnormal cytological appearance of the absorbent surface and increased lamina propria cells is required for the diagnosis of celiac disease. Based on these findings, several forms of celiac disease have been identified in the clinic: typical, atypical (and in turn silent, latent, and potential), and sensitive non-celiac. Based on these considerations a specific diagnostic scheme is suggested to frame the celiac universe more functionally and structurally (so-called Diagnostic Scheme for Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity, DSCNC), identifying at least eight clinical hypotheses based on the serological, genetic, bioptic and allergological tests suggested). From a pharmacological and integrative point of view, the protocols shared by the scientific community remain in place: gluten-free diet, vitamin and salt supplementation if appropriate, pharmacological therapy (antibiotics, antihistamines, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants) if necessary, also in the future with the majority orientation oriented towards oral glutenase able to counteract the effects of gliadin in sensitive subjects, the use of larazotide acetate to remedy the increase in intestinal permeability and tTG inhibitors to reduce the toxic effects of gluten intake. The state of the art on celiac disease is not yet able to explain the precise aetiology and atypical forms of the disease, as well as the real impact of genetic predisposition on clinical manifestations. Research continues and seems to point the way to a complete resolution of this enteropathy that has been so prevalent over the last two decades.
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Lefevre, Fernando, and Ana Maria Cavalcanti Lefevre. "Discourse of the collective subject: social representations and communication interventions." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 23, no. 2 (June 2014): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072014000000014.
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We present herein the Discourse of the Collective Subject method as a way to retrieve social representations. We sought to reconstitute these social representations through DCS maintaining the link between their individual and collective dimensions. The Discourse of the Collective Subject were obtained through an empirical study and they are herein called speaking and spoken products. They are speaking products because social representations are discursive practices, current behaviors of social agents. They are also spoken products because society (or the others), while socially-shared cognitive schemes, are always present in individual speeches. The social representations reconstructed by Discourse of the Collective Subject allow common people to identify with them, enabling its use in practices of social intervention.
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Blum, B., and O. Barnes. "Are Special Mechanisms Chosen in Short Experience-Based Identification of Degraded Geometric Forms?" Perception 25, no. 1_suppl (August 1996): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v96l1210.
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Perceptual performance schema are consistently prepared by human beings. Minimal ‘experience’ with pertinent stimulus attributes seem necessary. We presume that with new stimuli, a ‘linkage’ is formed with inner representations on the basis of commonly shared stimulus components. To investigate this hypothesis, we used ‘confusion stimuli’, ie degradations of five-corner and six-corner stars. These were presented within each of four paradigms: upright (u), rotated (10°; r), foveal/local viewing (A) or eccentric/global viewing (B), that is uA, uB, rA, and rB paradigms. Random presentation of stimuli prototypes preceded the stimulus so that in comparing the presented stimulus to one and the other prototype, the subject faced a 2AFC task. Series (4 to 6) each of 32 randomised paradigms were run on each of six subjects. The subjects keyed 5 or 6 on identifying one or the other stimulus. On the assumption that exposure time and/or acuity grades impose stimulus intensities, psychometric curves were derived by plotting probability of correct choice against either parameter. The results indicate that in hybrid paradigms such as the present uA and uB, or rA and rB subjects may use shared component strategy: ‘u strategy’ with uA and uB, ‘r strategy’ with rA and rB, shared A and B in generating viewpoint invariance. Similar log-linear psychometric curves and slopes for pairs of paradigms were obtained, and ‘transfer’ of learning presumably also based on shared stimulus properties was observed.
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Ma, Jinrong, and Hongbo Wang. "Equity Incentive Model, Source of Subject Matter and Enterprise Performance: Modification Effect Based on Equity Incentive Intensity." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (December 14, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8905259.
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For modern enterprises, equity incentive is an important means to solve the principal-agent problem, the choice of incentive mode and the source of the incentive is an inevitable issue in the implementation of an equity incentive scheme. Based on the sample data of A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2020, this paper constructs a panel two-way fixed effect model, combining regression analysis and three interactions with differential equations (PDE), which empirically explores the relationship between two incentive models of stock option and restricted stock, the source of subject matter and enterprise performance. The study shows that the restricted stock incentive model significantly improved the performance of enterprises, and the intensity of incentives played a significant inverted U-shaped moderating role between the enterprise’s performance and the different incentive models. After adding the subject matter incentive source, it is further found that repurchase, as the source of subject matter, has a positive moderating effect on restricted stock and a negative moderating effect on stock option. The intensity of equity incentives moderates the relationship between stock option incentive models and enterprise performance when enterprises use repurchases as the source. The results of the above-given research provide some reference for enterprises to give appropriate incentive intensities, objective selection of the subject matter source under different equity incentive models based on their characteristics, and facilitation of more efficient use of equity incentive tools.
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Aprigliano, Federica, Dario Martelli, Peppino Tropea, Guido Pasquini, Silvestro Micera, and Vito Monaco. "Aging does not affect the intralimb coordination elicited by slip-like perturbation of different intensities." Journal of Neurophysiology 118, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 1739–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00844.2016.
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This study was aimed at verifying whether aging modifies intralimb coordination strategy during corrective responses elicited by unexpected slip-like perturbations delivered during steady walking on a treadmill. To this end, 10 young and 10 elderly subjects were asked to manage unexpected slippages of different intensities. We analyzed the planar covariation law of the lower limb segments, using the principal component analysis, to verify whether elevation angles of older subjects covaried along a plan before and after the perturbation. Results showed that segments related to the perturbed limbs of both younger and older people do not covary after all perturbations. Conversely, the planar covariation law of the unperturbed limb was systematically held for younger and older subjects. These results occurred despite differences in spatio-temporal and kinematic parameters being observed among groups and perturbation intensities. Overall, our analysis revealed that aging does not affect intralimb coordination during corrective responses induced by slip-like perturbation, suggesting that both younger and older subjects adopt this control strategy while managing sudden and unexpected postural transitions of increasing intensities. Accordingly, results corroborate the hypothesis that balance control emerges from a governing set of biomechanical invariants, that is, suitable control schemes (e.g., planar covariation law) shared across voluntary and corrective motor behaviors, and across different sensory contexts due to different perturbation intensities, in both younger and older subjects. In this respect, our findings provide further support to investigate the effects of specific task training programs to counteract the risk of fall. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study was aimed at investigating how aging affects the intralimb coordination of lower limb segments, described by the planar covariation law, during unexpected slip-like perturbations of increasing intensity. Results revealed that neither the aging nor the perturbation intensity affects this coordination strategy. Accordingly, we proposed that the balance control emerges from an invariant set of control schemes shared across different sensory motor contexts and despite age-related neuromuscular adaptations.
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Khan, Idrees, Tiri Chinyoka, and Andrew Gill. "Computational Analysis of the Dynamics of Generalized-Viscoelastic-Fluid-Based Nanofluids Subject to Exothermic-Reaction in Shear-Flow." Journal of Nanofluids 11, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jon.2022.1859.
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A novel problem that describes laminar simple shear-flow of generalized-viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluids (GVFBN) containing spherical shaped nano-particles under non-isothermal conditions but with isothermal walltemperature boundary-conditions is investigated. The GVFBN model is an extension of the VFBN to include shear-rate dependent viscosity effects. The Generalized non-isothermal Giesekus constitutive model (which is reducible to generalized Oldroyd-B model) with essential modifications for thermodynamics is used to account for the viscoelastic effects. Spherical shaped nano-particles are homogeneously mixed to the viscoelastic base fluid. To characterize the shear-thinning-viscosity, a viscosity-constitutive-model of the Carreau-type is employed. A temperature-dependent thermal conductivity is also considered. Additionally, empirical models are employed to account for to the nano-particle effects on the thermal conductivity. We use an efficient, semi-implicit, numerical scheme, based on finite difference methods (FDM), to obtain the numerical solutions of the model equations. The numerical scheme is computationally implemented in MATLAB. Results are graphically presented in both a qualitative and quantitative sense with regards to the various embedded parameters. Specifically, the thermodynamic and fluid-dynamical impacts of variations in the volume fraction of nano-particles are explored. In summary, we notice enhanced thermal conductivity and hence also increased temperature with increasing nano-particle volume fraction. The GVFBN model accounts for all four nanofluid types, Generalized-Newtonian-fluid-based nanofluids (GNFBN), Newtonian-fluid-based nanofluids (NFBN), Generalized-viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluids (GNFBN), and viscoelastic-fluid-based nanofluids (VFBN). The comparative thermal runaway susceptibility of the four nanofluid types is presented and we demonstrate that the order of susceptibility from the most to the least susceptible is GNFBN, NFBN, GVFBN, VFBN.
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Pérez-Milans, Miguel, and Guo (Grace) Xiaoyan. "Hoping for success, becoming a spiritual subject." Language, Culture and Society 2, no. 2 (December 4, 2020): 197–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lcs.20001.per.
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Abstract This article focuses on the entanglement of trajectories of transnational education/work and religious conversion among Chinese overseas students who move to the UK before returning to China. In contrast to the existing literature on returnees where the gaze is only turned on highly prestigious schemes/trajectories of return, we look at those who become involved with Christian evangelical congregations and bible reading groups in response to a general state of disillusion with social beliefs of global competition and success. By drawing on ongoing ethnographic fieldwork in London and Beijing, we engage with literature on lived religion, migration and the care of the self through a sociolinguistic lens. We take pressures for successful return as a technology of hope that shaped our participants’ experiences of Christian conversion, and examine religious practices as support-based subject-transformation projects whereby our participants regulate their and others’ practices and feelings through daily semiotic activities as they operate within global spaces of higher education and the labour market. In so doing, we detail a complex interplay of self-transformation experiences, collective practices of refusal, and capitalist logics of market expansion.
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Choi, Sanghun, Eric A. Hoffman, Sally E. Wenzel, Mario Castro, and Ching-Long Lin. "Improved CT-based estimate of pulmonary gas trapping accounting for scanner and lung-volume variations in a multicenter asthmatic study." Journal of Applied Physiology 117, no. 6 (September 15, 2014): 593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00280.2014.
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Lung air trapping is estimated via quantitative computed tomography (CT) using density threshold-based measures on an expiration scan. However, the effects of scanner differences and imaging protocol adherence on quantitative assessment are known to be problematic. This study investigates the effects of protocol differences, such as using different CT scanners and breath-hold coaches in a multicenter asthmatic study, and proposes new methods that can adjust intersite and intersubject variations. CT images of 50 healthy subjects and 42 nonsevere and 52 severe asthmatics at total lung capacity (TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC) were acquired using three different scanners and two different coaching methods at three institutions. A fraction threshold-based approach based on the corrected Hounsfield unit of air with tracheal density was applied to quantify air trapping at FRC. The new air-trapping method was enhanced by adding a lung-shaped metric at TLC and the lobar ratio of air-volume change between TLC and FRC. The fraction-based air-trapping method is able to collapse air-trapping data of respective populations into distinct regression lines. Relative to a constant value-based clustering scheme, the slope-based clustering scheme shows the improved performance and reduced misclassification rate of healthy subjects. Furthermore, both lung shape and air-volume change are found to be discriminant variables for differentiating among three populations of healthy subjects and nonsevere and severe asthmatics. In conjunction with the lung shape and air-volume change, the fraction-based measure of air trapping enables differentiation of severe asthmatics from nonsevere asthmatics and nonsevere asthmatics from healthy subjects, critical for the development and evaluation of new therapeutic interventions.
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Huang, Shih-Feng, Yung-Hsuan Wen, Chi-Hsiang Chu, and Chien-Chin Hsu. "A Shape Approximation for Medical Imaging Data." Sensors 20, no. 20 (October 17, 2020): 5879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205879.
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This study proposes a shape approximation approach to portray the regions of interest (ROI) from medical imaging data. An effective algorithm to achieve an optimal approximation is proposed based on the framework of Particle Swarm Optimization. The convergence of the proposed algorithm is derived under mild assumptions on the selected family of shape equations. The issue of detecting Parkinson’s disease (PD) based on the Tc-99m TRODAT-1 brain SPECT/CT images of 634 subjects, with 305 female and an average age of 68.3 years old from Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, is employed to demonstrate the proposed procedure by fitting optimal ellipse and cashew-shaped equations in the 2D and 3D spaces, respectively. According to the visual interpretation of 3 experienced board-certified nuclear medicine physicians, 256 subjects are determined to be abnormal, 77 subjects are potentially abnormal, 174 are normal, and 127 are nearly normal. The coefficients of the ellipse and cashew-shaped equations, together with some well-known features of PD existing in the literature, are employed to learn PD classifiers under various machine learning approaches. A repeated hold-out with 100 rounds of 5-fold cross-validation and stratified sampling scheme is adopted to investigate the classification performances of different machine learning methods and different sets of features. The empirical results reveal that our method obtains 0.88 ± 0.04 classification accuracy, 0.87 ± 0.06 sensitivity, and 0.88 ± 0.08 specificity for test data when including the coefficients of the ellipse and cashew-shaped equations. Our findings indicate that more constructive and useful features can be extracted from proper mathematical representations of the 2D and 3D shapes for a specific ROI in medical imaging data, which shows their potential for improving the accuracy of automated PD identification.
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Bouma, Jetske A., T. T. Binh Nguyen, Eline van der Heijden, and Justin J. Dijk. "Analysing group contract design using a threshold public goods experiment." European Review of Agricultural Economics 47, no. 3 (December 23, 2019): 1250–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbz045.
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Abstract This paper presents the results of a threshold public goods game experiment with heterogeneous players. The experiment is designed in close collaboration with the Dutch association of agri-environmental farmer collectives. Subjects are recruited at a university (study 1) and a farm management training centre (study 2), the subjects of the second study most resembling the subjects in the field. The experiment consists of several treatments and each treatment has two different distribution rules, which are varied in a within-subjects manner. After subjects have experienced both, they can vote for one of the two rules: either a differentiated bonus that results in equal payoff for all, or an undifferentiated, equal share of the group bonus. In a between-subjects manner, subjects can vote for a (minimum or average) threshold or are faced with an exogenous threshold. The results indicate that exogenous thresholds perform better, possibly because the focal point they provide facilitates coordination. With regard to the two distribution rules, the results are mixed: in study 1, average contributions and payoffs are higher under the ‘equal-payoff’ rule, but there is no significant difference between the two in study 2. Overall, our results suggest that environmental payment schemes should consider cost heterogeneity in the design of group contracts, and pay explicit attention to coordination problems too.
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Domhof, Justin W. M., Kyesam Jung, Simon B. Eickhoff, and Oleksandr V. Popovych. "Parcellation-induced variation of empirical and simulated brain connectomes at group and subject levels." Network Neuroscience 5, no. 3 (2021): 798–830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00202.
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Abstract Recent developments of whole-brain models have demonstrated their potential when investigating resting-state brain activity. However, it has not been systematically investigated how alternating derivations of the empirical structural and functional connectivity, serving as the model input, from MRI data influence modeling results. Here, we study the influence from one major element: the brain parcellation scheme that reduces the dimensionality of brain networks by grouping thousands of voxels into a few hundred brain regions. We show graph-theoretical statistics derived from the empirical data and modeling results exhibiting a high heterogeneity across parcellations. Furthermore, the network properties of empirical brain connectomes explain the lion’s share of the variance in the modeling results with respect to the parcellation variation. Such a clear-cut relationship is not observed at the subject-resolved level per parcellation. Finally, the graph-theoretical statistics of the simulated connectome correlate with those of the empirical functional connectivity across parcellations. However, this relation is not one-to-one, and its precision can vary between models. Our results imply that network properties of both empirical connectomes can explain the goodness-of-fit of whole-brain models to empirical data at a global group level but not at a single-subject level, which provides further insights into the personalization of whole-brain models.
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Zulfikar Alimuddin, Jann Hidajat Tjakraatmadja, Achmad Ghazali, and Henndy Ginting. "Using Seci To Improve Teachers’ Pedagogical Content Knowledge." Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management 19, no. 1 (May 13, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34190/ejkm.19.1.2146.
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Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) is a form of knowledge that has a big role in determining the success of the teaching and learning process in the classroom. Teachers in one school tend to have different levels of PCK, depending on each teacher’s background knowledge and experience. Previous professional teacher development schemes in Indonesia have been held in a way that emphasises the teacher’s individual learning aspects, were held separately between different teaching subjects (such as through a Mandatory Regional Teacher Meetings based on subject matters, known as “MGMP” in Indonesia), and has a lack of documented reports about the impact of that training on teaching. This study offers an alternative way to improve teachers' PCK using the knowledge creation approach. This study used the SECI model to design a procedure to facilitate teachers from the same school to share, externalise, combine, and internalise other teachers’ PCK for their own teaching practice. The procedures of this study have addressed several problems that are found in previous attempts of using PCK in an educational setting. This study found that one cycle of the SECI model could improve teachers' PCK (F(2, 40) = 68,963, p < 0,05) and has the potential to close the gap between teachers’ PCK levels. Further research on an iterative SECI model to improve PCK with a longer timeframe and that evaluates factors that might affect the SECI process is needed to explore the potential of creating a shared perspective of PCK among teachers and create a contextual standard for a school as an educational institution. Exploratory research regarding teachers’ natural knowledge sharing and knowledge acquisition is also offered.
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Dinu, Irina, Mihai Abobului, Florian Berghea, Claudia-Oana Cobilinschi, Cristiana Prefac, Daniela Opris-Belinski, and Andra Balanescu. "“50 shades of groin pain” in an unusual case of osteomyelitis pubis following surgery." Romanian Journal of Rheumatology 31, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjr.2022.4.2.
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Osteomyelitis pubis (OP) is a rare type of infection involving the pubic bones that often poses diagnostic and consecutive therapeutic problems. The infection can be mono or polymicrobial, bacterial, mycotic or bacillary with Staphylococcus aureus being the most common infectious agent involved. OP is generally seen in immune-suppressed patients of oncologic and diabetic population or in pediatric and geriatric subjects. The main symptom is represented by local pain with radiation to thighs which in later stages is accompanied by general non-specific symptoms such as malaise, fever and loss of appetite. The specificity-lacking initial presentation often leads to diagnostic delays which furthermore decrease the effectiveness of drug therapy, leading to higher chances of bone and joint destruction. Initial therapy consists of empirical antibiotherapy that should cover Staph. aureus; depending on culture results, the scheme should be changed accordingly. Moreover, symptomatic treatment of pain and inflammation consisting of NSAIDs, small dose glucocorticoids and minor opioids should be considered. Selected cases may benefit from surgical intervention when improvement or remission is considered improbable under drug therapy or when severe bony destructions are present.
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De Arriba, Raúl, and María Vidagañ. "Sharing Drawings with Smartphones in the Classroom – Art-Based Education in Social Sciences." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 15, no. 15 (August 14, 2020): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v15i15.14259.
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This article identifies the factors that indicate the opportunity of reviewing the methods in teaching economics in order to overcome the traditional teaching-learning scheme that overvalues rote learning and find formulas that facilitate the development of analytical skills. On the other hand, this work points out the importance of developing creative competences. One way to do this is to introduce artistic practices in the classroom, even in non-artistic subjects. In this work an experience of education based on the arts is presented. Thanks to smartphone cameras, students can share and project drawings in the classroom immediately to facilitate group learning. The proposal is to represent the economic problems of the third world through drawings made by students of Sociology at the University of Va-lencia (Spain). The experience shows positive results in terms of students' engagement and creativity development.
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O’Donoghue, Rob, Christa Henze, Chong Shimray, Kartikeya V. Sarabhai, and Juan Carlos A. Sandoval Rivera. "Hand-Print CARE: Towards Ethics-led Action Learning for ESD in School Subject Disciplines." Journal of Education for Sustainable Development 14, no. 1 (March 2020): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973408220934647.
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The Hand-Print concept emerged as a proposition for learner-led action learning in the Centre for Environment Education, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Hand-Print CARE as an ethics-led action learning proposition was developed at a Local Culture for Understanding Mathematics and Science (LOCUMS) research group meeting with some educators in Alta, Norway. Here ‘CARE’ emerged as an acronym reflecting an ethic of inclusive respect through Concern for others, being Attentive to needs, showing Respect for each other and being Engaged in learning actions for the common good. Hand-Print CARE was thus activated as a co-engaged mediation process towards ‘Learning to look after others to best care for ourselves and the surroundings we all share’. Conceptual tools towards a Hand-Print CARE rationale were clarified in subsequent ESD workshops in Malaysia and Mexico and the challenge of developing a schema for ESD in school subject disciplines emerged at an ESD training workshop with National Council for Education Research and Training (NCERT) in Delhi, India. This article explores the emergence of Hand-Print CARE and the framing of an open-ended schema for mediating better-situated and ethics-led action learning in school subject disciplines. A formative perspective towards more locally situated and co-engaged processes for mediating learning was refined through an ESD Expert-Net collaboration to clarify ESD learning progressions in school subject disciplines. Some start-up materials were developed with partnering NGOs in the small town of Howick in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, and in an expanding collaboration involving partners in India, Mexico, Germany and South Africa. Each of us worked to refine Hand-Print CARE learning progressions for ESD processes of action learning in diverse subject discipline and school-in-community settings.
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Manzoor, Anam, Waqar Ahmad, Muhammad Ehatisham-ul-Haq, Abdul Hannan, Muhammad Asif Khan, M. Usman Ashraf, Ahmed M. Alghamdi, and Ahmed S. Alfakeeh. "Inferring Emotion Tags from Object Images Using Convolutional Neural Network." Applied Sciences 10, no. 15 (August 1, 2020): 5333. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10155333.
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Emotions are a fundamental part of human behavior and can be stimulated in numerous ways. In real-life, we come across different types of objects such as cake, crab, television, trees, etc., in our routine life, which may excite certain emotions. Likewise, object images that we see and share on different platforms are also capable of expressing or inducing human emotions. Inferring emotion tags from these object images has great significance as it can play a vital role in recommendation systems, image retrieval, human behavior analysis and, advertisement applications. The existing schemes for emotion tag perception are based on the visual features, like color and texture of an image, which are poorly affected by lightning conditions. The main objective of our proposed study is to address this problem by introducing a novel idea of inferring emotion tags from the images based on object-related features. In this aspect, we first created an emotion-tagged dataset from the publicly available object detection dataset (i.e., “Caltech-256”) using subject evaluation from 212 users. Next, we used a convolutional neural network-based model to automatically extract the high-level features from object images for recognizing nine (09) emotion categories, such as amusement, awe, anger, boredom, contentment, disgust, excitement, fear, and sadness. Experimental results on our emotion-tagged dataset endorse the success of our proposed idea in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, and F1-score. Overall, the proposed scheme achieved an accuracy rate of approximately 85% and 79% using top-level and bottom-level emotion tagging, respectively. We also performed a gender-based analysis for inferring emotion tags and observed that male and female subjects have discernment in emotions perception concerning different object categories.
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Shagaida, N. I. "Assessing the size of agricultural holdings." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 10 (October 7, 2020): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2020-10-105-116.
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The article clarifies the concept of “agricultural holding”, using an approach to assessing the size on the basis of the total revenue of all agricultural organizations within the agricultural holding. It has been revealed that only 100 of the total number of agricultural holdings that were identified can be attributed to large business entities. They comprise about 3% of agricultural organizations in the country, while their share in the proceeds is about 37%. A large share of agricultural holdings — large business subjects under the control of Russian entities operate in one, and under the control of foreign legal entities — in three or more regions of the Russian Federation. Vertical integration within the framework of large agricultural holdings with different schemes for including the stages of processing and sale of products produced in their agricultural organizations allows them to receive advantages. Strengthening the role of large business entities in agriculture puts on the agenda the issue of differentiating approaches to taxation and state support in agriculture, depending on the size of the companies’ agricultural businesses.
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Woo, Seong-woo, Dennis L. O’Neal, and Yimer Mohammed Hassen. "Reliability design of mechanical systems subjected to repetitive stresses." MATEC Web of Conferences 349 (2021): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134903009.
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To enhance the design of mechanical systems, parametric Accelerated Life Testing (ALT) as a systematic reliability method is proposed as a way to evaluate the design of mechanical systems subjected to repeated impact stresses. It requires: (1) a parametric ALT scheme shaped on system BX lifetime, (2) a load inspection, (3) parametric ALTs with the associated design modifications, and (4) an assessment of whether the revised product design(s) reach the targeted BX life-time. We propose using a general life-stress model and sample size equation. A test example using both market data and parametric ALT was the redesign of a hinge kit system (HKS) in a refrigerator. To conduct parametric ALTs, a force and moment balance analysis was utilized. The mechanical impact loadings of the HKS were evaluated for an working refrigerator door. For the first ALT, the HKS failure happened in the crack/fracture of the kit housing and oil spilled from the damper when the HKS was disassembled. The failure modes and mechanisms constructed in the 1st ALT were similar to those of the unsuccessful samples found from the marketplace. The missing design parameters of the HKS included stress raisers such as corner roundings and the rib of the housing in HKS, the seal in the oil damper, and the material of the cover housing. In the second ALT, the cover housing fractured. The design defect of the cover housing in the HKS was the plastic material. As a corrective action plan, the cover housing was modified from plastic to aluminium. After the second ALT, the lifetime of the modified HKS was reassured to be B1 life 10 years with a yearly failure rate of 0.1%.
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Mohebi, Azadeh, Mehri Sedighi, and Zahra Zargaran. "Subject-based retrieval of scientific documents, case study." Library Review 66, no. 6/7 (September 5, 2017): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lr-10-2016-0090.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce an approach for retrieving a set of scientific articles in the field of Information Technology (IT) from a scientific database such as Web of Science (WoS), to apply scientometrics indices and compare them with other fields. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose to apply a statistical classification-based approach for extracting IT-related articles. In this approach, first, a probabilistic model is introduced to model the subject IT, using keyphrase extraction techniques. Then, they retrieve IT-related articles from all Iranian papers in WoS, based on a Bayesian classification scheme. Based on the probabilistic IT model, they assign an IT membership probability for each article in the database, and then they retrieve the articles with highest probabilities. Findings The authors have extracted a set of IT keyphrases, with 1,497 terms through the keyphrase extraction process, for the probabilistic model. They have evaluated the proposed retrieval approach with two approaches: the query-based approach in which the articles are retrieved from WoS using a set of queries composed of limited IT keywords, and the research area-based approach which is based on retrieving the articles using WoS categorizations and research areas. The evaluation and comparison results show that the proposed approach is able to generate more accurate results while retrieving more articles related to IT. Research limitations/implications Although this research is limited to the IT subject, it can be generalized for any subject as well. However, for multidisciplinary topics such as IT, special attention should be given to the keyphrase extraction phase. In this research, bigram model is used; however, one can extend it to tri-gram as well. Originality/value This paper introduces an integrated approach for retrieving IT-related documents from a collection of scientific documents. The approach has two main phases: building a model for representing topic IT, and retrieving documents based on the model. The model, based on a set of keyphrases, extracted from a collection of IT articles. However, the extraction technique does not rely on Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, since almost all of the articles in the collection share a set of same keyphrases. In addition, a probabilistic membership score is defined to retrieve the IT articles from a collection of scientific articles.
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Yap, Joseph Marmol, and Agnes Sambalilo Barsaga. "Building a timeless audiovisual collection: libraries and archives as repositories of oral history." Library Management 39, no. 3/4 (June 11, 2018): 188–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-05-2017-0049.
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Purpose Oral histories (OHs), as primary sources of information, are used as evidences of the past and inculcate human memory. It is a real testimony of our history. However, OHs are now neglected and somehow unpopular. Strategies must be done to make sure that OH projects should continue to be used as proofs. The purpose of this paper is to go back in time and review the OH in Asia, in the Philippines, and the collection at De La Salle University. Design/methodology/approach This study explores the OH collection of the DLSU Archives. Data are extracted from the Sierra library system. Extracted subjects are arranged alphabetically. They are presented and summarized below. Historical data coming from the correspondences kept at the archives are also used to understand how the collection accumulated and how they are being organized, classified, and used by the patrons. Literature reviews are also consulted to learn more about the background of OH in the Philippines. Findings A total of 176 subjects are identified. These subjects are selected on the basis of the Library of Congress Classification Scheme which is re-categorized according to the Philippine Standard Industrial Classification to identify which type of industry does each OH belong to. The category on professional, scientific and technical activities had 30 LCC-related subjects or 16.95 percent of the total number of subjects, next is 15.25 percent or 27 LCC-related subjects which comes from the arts, entertainment and recreation, and top three is Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Security with 10.23 percent. Research limitations/implications This paper shares the challenges and experiences of establishing and maintaining OHs. Practical implications The paper presents new ways or initiatives to capture OH other than the traditional and usual process. Social implications Oral interviews are given proper attention as part of the local history. Originality/value There is a scarcity of OH papers written by librarians; therefore, this paper presents the current status of OH in the country.
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Bussert, Leslie. "The Presence of Web 2.0 Applications Is Associated with the Overall Service Quality of Library Websites." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 6, no. 1 (March 16, 2011): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b86913.
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A Review of:
Chua, A. Y. K., & Goh, D. H. (2010). A study of Web 2.0 applications in library websites. Library & Information Science Research, 32(3), 203-211.
Objective – To determine the prevalence and use of web 2.0 applications in library websites and to determine whether or not their presence enhances the quality of the sites.
Design – Content analysis.
Setting – Public and academic libraries in North America, Europe, and Asia.
Subjects – A total of 120 academic and public library websites in English.
Methods – This study identified and selected library websites from academic and public libraries using a combination of directories, ratings reports, and ranking lists from three geographic regions. Over a four-month period in 2009, three coders conducted a three-step content analysis of the selected library websites. This analysis was conducted after having established inter-coder reliability using Cohen’s Kappa and analytic procedure familiarity, using a randomly selected pilot set of 30 library websites. The remaining 90 websites were evenly distributed among the three coders for analysis. They determined whether web 2.0 applications were present, examined how those applications were used, and gave an overall appraisal of website quality. Coders inspected library website links, conducted site searches, used search engines, and searched within major social networking sites to determine the presence of web 2.0 applications. A quality framework classification scheme was used during coding to identify how the web 2.0 applications were being used within library websites. This framework was established around four dimensions of library services: information acquisition (blogs and wikis), information dissemination (Rich Site Summary, or “RSS”), information organization (social tagging), and information sharing (social networking and instant messaging). A five-point Likert scale was also used in concert with a website quality evaluation framework to assess the quality of the library websites. This framework included three aspects of website quality: system quality, information quality, and service quality. A combination of statistical techniques such as Chi-square analysis, Cramer’s V, analysis of variance, Tukey’s statistic, and multiple regression were then used to analyze the findings.
Main Results – Web 2.0 applications have been adopted by libraries across North America, Europe, and Asia. The most popular web 2.0 applications were blogs (56.6%), RSS (50%), and instant messaging services (46.6%) while less prevalent were social networking services (20%), wikis (16.6%), and social tagging applications (16.6%). The extent of libraries’ adoption of web 2.0 applications also varied according to region. North American libraries used all web 2.0 applications most consistently and were more attuned to heavier users, particularly with regard to information sharing applications (e.g., instant messaging, social networking). European libraries lagged behind those in Asia in embracing information acquisition applications (e.g., blogs, wikis) but were comparable to other regions. Social networking services and instant messaging were strongly associated with region; RSS, blogs, and social tagging showed moderate to moderately strong associations; and only wikis did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with region.
This study also identified how web 2.0 applications were being used. Blogs were used to generate interest, engage users, and endear users to library personnel, while wikis culled resources from users thematically. RSS feeds communicated news, events or resource updates, and were also used in combination with library blogs. Social tagging invited users to save, organize, and share information, while some websites used librarian-generated tags for search and discovery or included them as tag clouds in library blogs. Instant messaging was used to assist users synchronously during scheduled timeslots; meanwhile, social networking sites offered alternate channels to communicate and build connections with users.
The authors found a relationship between website quality and the presence of web 2.0 applications based on the criteria presented in their quality evaluation framework. Applications facilitating information sharing (i.e., social networks and instant messaging) had a stronger influence on a website’s overall quality than those being used for information acquisition and dissemination (i.e., RSS, wikis, and blogs). Web 2.0 applications among academic and public libraries shared a similar level of presence on the library websites; therefore, the type of library is not associated with the quality of the library website. North American websites tended to be higher in quality than European or Asian library websites, and differences in quality between European and Asian sites were insignificant.
Conclusion – This study reveals that libraries in various geographic regions adopt web 2.0 applications differently. Web 2.0 applications in library websites enhance users’ experience with library resources and support their interests. Library websites are implementing web 2.0 applications in a myriad of ways, including using these applications in concert with one another to increase user engagement. The presence of web 2.0 applications strongly affects service quality but only weakly influences information quality.
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Wang, Sean K., Xinxing Guo, Ou Xiao, Yanxian Chen, Ran Liu, Wenyong Huang, and Mingguang He. "Qualitative and quantitative assessment of posterior segment optical coherence tomography images using standard photos: the Liwan Eye Study." BMJ Open 7, no. 12 (December 2017): e017923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017923.
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Background/aimsTo develop a standardised grading scheme, using standard photos, for spectral-domain ocular coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images of the posterior eye and evaluate the interobserver agreement among trained ophthalmologists in identifying pathological changes.MethodsSubjects were recruited from Liwan District, Guangzhou, with SD-OCT data collection from June 2013 to November 2013 as part of 10-year follow-up visits from the Liwan Eye Study. All subjects underwent SD-OCT imaging of the macula with scanning lines analysed by two ophthalmologists to assess for the presence of 12 different posterior segment lesions. Per cent agreement for each lesion between the graders and quantitative measures of dome-shaped macula (DSM) height and choroidal thickness were calculated.ResultsA total of 679 SD-OCT images from 679 subjects were independently evaluated by the two graders. Each of the 12 lesions was successfully graded as present or absent in over 96% of images. For all lesions, per cent agreement between observers was over 90%, ranging from 90.7% for epiretinal membranes and retinal pigment epithelium thickenings to 99.7% for full thickness macular holes and retinal detachments. Quantitative measurements of DSM height and choroidal thickness at three locations of the eye all exhibited intraclass correlation scores between the two graders of greater than 0.9.ConclusionOur study demonstrates high concordance between graders in characterising posterior segment lesions using SD-OCT images, validating the continued use of this imaging modality in the diagnosis of posterior eye disease.
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Grzybowska, Lidia. "Arbor Praedicandi. Some Remarks on Dispositio in Mediaeval Sermons (on the Example of Sermo 39 “Semen Est Verbum Dei” by Mikołaj of Błonie)." Terminus 21, Special Issue 2 (2019): 169–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843844te.19.007.11115.
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The main aim of this paper is to present the motif of a tree-shaped compositional scheme called arbor picta (arbor praedicandi) and to show it against the field of rhetorical elements such as dispositio and memoria as found in mediaeval sermons. The basic sources for the analysis of this question are two fourteenth-century theoretical treatises on the art of preaching (manuals: Libellus artis preadicatorie by Jacobus de Fusignano and Tractatulus solennis de arte et vero modo praedicandi by Pseudo-Thomas Aquinas), and one of the sermons from the collection de tempore of a fifteenth-century Polish preacher, Mikołaj of Błonie (Dominica sexagesime: sermo 39 “Semen est verbum Dei”). The problems of arbor praedicandi, which are part of a broader field of study on the structure of sermons, editorial methods of texts and mnemonics, were the subject of interest of many researchers such as H. Caplan, O.A. Dieter, S. Khan, S. Wenzel. In Poland, this issue has not yet become a subject of proper study. In order to analyse this scheme in the treatises of Jacobus de Fusignano and Pseudo-Thomas Aquinas, as well as in the exemplary sermon, the paper briefly outlines the existence of topics and images of the tree in the writings of the Middle Ages (e.g. lignum vitae, arbor sapientiae, arbor amoris). Then fragments from the manuals of Jacobus de Fusignano and Pseudo-Thomas Aquinas are presented in which the authors discussed the scheme in question and explained its importance for the practice of preaching. An analysis of a practical example—here: sermo 39 from Mikołaj of Błonie’s collection de tempore—shows the creative use of the tree scheme in the sermon by the Polish preacher (with the speculative assumption that Mikołaj of Błonie knew Jacobus’s theory of preaching). Particular attention is also paid to the circumstances of the development of the art of preaching in the late Middle Ages in Poland. Finally, the importance of the concept of the sermon as a tree for the elements of rhetoric such as dispositio/divisio/partito and memoria is emphasised. In this study, it is shown that the use of the tree scheme in presenting abstract concepts and structuring texts allowed preachers and their audiences to visualise vague and often difficult ideas, as well as to describe their relationship within the subjects of the sermons. Therefore, the use of the scheme in the Middle Ages had great significance for ars memorativa and the didactic dimensions.
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Mandel, David R., and Daniel Irwin. "On measuring agreement with numerically bounded linguistic probability schemes: A re-analysis of data from Wintle, Fraser, Wills, Nicholson, and Fidler (2019)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 18, 2021): e0248424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0248424.
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Across a wide range of domains, experts make probabilistic judgments under conditions of uncertainty to support decision-making. These judgments are often conveyed using linguistic expressions (e.g., x is likely). Seeking to foster shared understanding of these expressions between senders and receivers, the US intelligence community implemented a communication standard that prescribes a set of probability terms and assigns each term an equivalent numerical probability range. In an earlier PLOS ONE article, [1] tested whether access to the standard improves shared understanding and also explored the efficacy of various enhanced presentation formats. Notably, they found that embedding numeric equivalents in text (e.g., x is likely [55–80%]) substantially outperformed the status-quo approach in terms of the percentage overlap between participants’ interpretations of linguistic probabilities (defined in terms of the numeric range equivalents they provided for each term) and the numeric ranges in the standard. These results have important prescriptive implications, yet Wintle et al.’s percentage overlap measure of agreement may be viewed as unfairly punitive because it penalizes individuals for being more precise than the stipulated guidelines even when the individuals’ interpretations fall perfectly within the stipulated ranges. Arguably, subjects’ within-range precision is a positive attribute and should not be penalized in scoring interpretive agreement. Accordingly, in the present article, we reanalyzed Wintle et al.’s data using an alternative measure of percentage overlap that does not penalize in-range precision. Using the alternative measure, we find that percentage overlap is substantially elevated across conditions. More importantly, however, the effects of presentation format and probability level are highly consistent with the original study. By removing the ambiguity caused by Wintle et al.’s unduly punitive measure of agreement, these findings buttress Wintle et al.’s original claim that the methods currently used by intelligence organizations are ineffective at coordinating the meaning of uncertainty expressions between intelligence producers and intelligence consumers. Future studies examining agreement between senders and receivers are also encouraged to reflect carefully on the most appropriate measures of agreement to employ in their experiments and to explicate the bases for their methodological choices.
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Balatsky, E. V., and N. A. Ekimova. "Interregional Structural Factor of Labour Productivity Growth in Russia." World of new economy 13, no. 4 (December 4, 2019): 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-4-90-102.
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In the article, we consider changes in the arrangement of the subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of labour productivity for the period 2000–2017. We show that currently in Russia, there is an extremely high differentiation of regions in terms of labour productivity, and over the past two decades, there has been an increase in it. The figures that allow us to conclude about the unique territorial structure of Russia we give in the text, namely: part of the Russian regions belong to the group of core countries in terms of technological development; the other part — to the countries of the semi-periphery; the third — to the countries of the periphery. We showed that in the periods of 2000–2010 and 2010–2017 characterised completely different structural schemes of the country’s development. The share of so-called “between effect” in the growth of the total labour productivity in Russia in the second period increased more than ten times as compared to the first period. It means that in the second decade of the XXI century the country’s regional labour overflows accelerated. It simultaneously contributed to the growth of productivity and even more entrenched concentric model of development, increasing the differentiation of subjects of the Russian Federation.
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Box, Louise Voll. "Enlightened “Museums of Images” or Decorative Displays? Elizabeth Seymour Percy and the Eighteenth-Century Print Room." Eighteenth-Century Life 45, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 135–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-9273027.
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In the second half of the eighteenth century, “print rooms”—created by pasting prints and paper ornaments directly onto walls—were a short-lived mode of fashionable English interior decoration. Concurrently, collections of prints continued to be bound into albums or stored in portfolios in private libraries. Although they took different forms, print rooms and print albums shared characteristics that marked them as “enlightened” cultural practices: both featured prints arranged in preconceived aesthetic or intellectual schemes that presented elite, pan-European cultural subjects, imagery, and ideas. Prints in albums or prints on walls could therefore operate as “museums of images”—each format ostensibly encouraged viewers to respond emotionally or intellectually to prints. Yet there is strong evidence to suggest that prints in print rooms and in print collections were perceived differently. This essay draws on the predominantly unpublished journals and correspondence of English collector Elizabeth Seymour Percy, first Duchess of Northumberland (1716–76), to reveal the very different ways in which she described prints in each setting. For her, albums or portfolios of prints were edifying “spaces of enlightenment,” while prints in print rooms performed merely a decorative function.
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Geetha, Dugavath, M. A. Mushtaq Pasha, and Afsar Fatima. "A study on assessment of socio-demographic characteristics and pattern of health-care support among geriatric people residing in old age homes, Nandyal." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 3 (February 24, 2021): 1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20210800.
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Background: Geriatric age is one of the vulnerable phases of life. Geriatric population in India is faster growing share of population with more special needs for health-care and support. Objective was to study the socio-demographic factors and assess pattern of health care support among geriatrics residing in old age homes, Nandyal.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among geriatric people aged more than 60 years residing in old age homes, Nandyal from October 15, 2019, to December 15, 2019. One hundred eighty participants were included. Those who were not present during the analysis were excluded from the class using convenience sampling. Data was collected using a pre-designed, pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and analysing data using SPSS version-22.Results: Around 180 subjects, 76 (42%) of the elderly received treatment for their morbidities from private clinic and hospitals, while 37.8% from government hospitals. Children bear health care expenses for 32 (17.5%) of the elderly. Among 84 (46.7%) of elderly dependent on their social security schemes. while 30 (16%) had health insurance. Around 72 (40%) of elderly financially dependent on their children. Major complaints are Arthritis (47.7%) followed by hypertension (20%) and acid-peptic disease.Conclusions: A high prevalence of arthritis, hypertension and acid peptic disease were identified. It also highlighted that economic independence and the use of social security schemes among elderly is less. Based on these findings recommended that there is a need to develop financial assistance and social security schemes are needed to enhance health care facilities, economic independence and utilization services.
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Kabanova, N. A., and E. R. Myasishcheva. "The participation of the insurance sector in the laundering of criminal proceeds." Economy in the industry 11, no. 2 (September 1, 2018): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2018-2-201-209.
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The development of financial institutions inRussiaand the scaling-up of the use of financial instruments contribute to the emergence of an increasing number of schemes for laundering criminal proceeds. At the same time, the improvement of legislation and the introduction of strict control over the activities of financial institutions lead to the complication of such schemes, including an increase in the number of entities in the financial sector involved in the process of legalization. Now criminals are increasingly using non-credit financial organizations. Subjects of the insurance sector fall into the zone of critical risk of involvement in criminal schemes. At the end of2018, aplanned event will be held inRussiawithin the framework of the fourth round of inspections, which will be carried out by the Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF). FATF will assess Russia not only in terms of the performance of the Central Bank of Russia and the Federal Service of Financial Monitoring, but also in the effectiveness of its functions and the interaction of all links in the national system of combating legalization: from financial institutions that provide information on suspicious transactions to judicial bodies that issue confiscation orders proceeds from crime.The insurance sector inRussiais represented by its three main entities: insurance organizations, insurance brokers, and mutual insurance societies. A significant quantitative share of the market is occupied by insurance organizations, whose services are in turn an increasingly popular tool for legalization.The article is researched the insurance sector in Russia, analyzed the main trends of the sector development, suggested a methodological basis for record the participation of the insurance sector in the money laundering, also identified the problems associated with process of implementation of internal control in the field of AML/CFT. The author also presents typical schemes for the laundering of proceeds from crimes related to insurance companies.
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Ri Kim, Ju, Zhanfang Zhao, and Sung Kook Han. "Sparql query processing in relational databases." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.3 (June 8, 2018): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.33.13860.
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Background/Objectives: The mapping RDB to RDF has become important to populate Linked Data more efficiently. This paper shows how to implement SPARQL endpoint in RDB using a conceptual level mapping approach.Methods/Statistical analysis: Many diverse approaches and related languages for mapping RDB to RDF have been proposed. The prominent achievements of mapping RDB to RDF are two standard draft Direct Mapping and R2RML proposed by W3C RDB2RDF Working Group. This paper analyzes these conventional mapping approaches and proposes a new approach based on schema mapping. The paper also presents SPARQL query processing in RDB.Findings: There are distinct differences between instance level mapping and conceptual level mapping for RDB2RDF. Data redundancy of instance level mapping causes many inevitable problems during mapping procedure. The conceptual level mapping can provide straightforward and efficient way. The ER model in RDB and RDF model in Linked Data have obvious similarity. The ER model describes entities and relationships, which is the conceptual schema of RDB. RDF model consists of three parts: subject, predicate and object, which is the standard model for data interchange on the Web. The entities in ER model and subjects in RDF model are all the things that can be anything in the real world. Both the relationships in ER model and predicates in RDF model describe the relations between things.Since RDB and RDF share the similar modeling approach at the schema level, it is reasonable that mapping approach should be based on RDB schema. This kind of conceptual level mapping also can provide efficient SPARQL query processing in RDB.Improvements/Applications: The paper realizes SPARQL query processing in RDB, which is based on conceptual level mapping. The query experiments show that it is a concise and efficient way to populate Linked Data.
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EL BOUSTANI, SAMI, and ALAIN DESTEXHE. "BRAIN DYNAMICS AT MULTIPLE SCALES: CAN ONE RECONCILE THE APPARENT LOW-DIMENSIONAL CHAOS OF MACROSCOPIC VARIABLES WITH THE SEEMINGLY STOCHASTIC BEHAVIOR OF SINGLE NEURONS?" International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no. 06 (June 2010): 1687–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410026769.
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Nonlinear time series analyses have suggested that the human electroencephalogram (EEG) may share statistical and dynamical properties with chaotic systems. During slow-wave sleep or pathological states like epilepsy, correlation dimension measurements display low values, while in awake and attentive subjects, there is no such low dimensionality, and the EEG is more similar to a stochastic variable. We briefly review these results and contrast them with recordings in cat cerebral cortex, as well as with theoretical models. In awake or sleeping cats, recordings with microelectrodes inserted in cortex show that global variables such as local field potentials (local EEG) are similar to the human EEG. However, neuronal discharges are highly irregular and exponentially distributed, similar to Poisson stochastic processes. To reconcile these results, we investigate models of randomly-connected networks of integrate-and-fire neurons, and also contrast global (averaged) variables, with neuronal activity. The network displays different states, such as "synchronous regular" (SR) or "asynchronous irregular" (AI) states. In SR states, the global variables display coherent behavior with low dimensionality, while in AI states, the global activity is high-dimensionally chaotic with exponentially distributed neuronal discharges, similar to awake cats. Scale-dependent Lyapunov exponents and ∊-entropies show that the seemingly stochastic nature at small scales (neurons) can coexist with more coherent behavior at larger scales (averages). Thus, we suggest that brain activity obeys a similar scheme, with seemingly stochastic dynamics at small scales (neurons), while large scales (EEG) display more coherent behavior or high-dimensional chaos.
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Vermeulen, Eric, Debbie Nuytemans, Timo de Haan, Robert Flint, and Johanna van der Lee. "A BLUE-PRINT FOR PERFORMING PAEDIATRIC PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 1 (December 14, 2015): e1.63-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310148.66.
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IntroductionIn order to develop rational, patient tailored dosing schemes, population PK/PD studies in children and infants are needed. The emergence of new laboratory techniques (LC-MS/MS) and statistical tools (population PK/PD modeling) allows for the analysis of sparse and unbalanced data and has increased the possibilities to perform (observational) PK/PD studies in the paediatric clinic.To improve the quality of future pediatric PK/PD investigations the experience and knowledge about these tools should be shared and a basic study template agreed upon.ObjectiveWe aim to present a possible blue-print to assist paediatricians in the design and conduct of multicentre PK/PD studies in children and infants.MethodsBased on a review of the existing literature and multiple interviews with paediatricians and pharmacologists involved in multicenter paediatric PK/PD research a blue-print is drafted containing recommendations and examples for the design and implementation of PK/PD studies in children. The draft blue-print will be available at the conference and participants are asked for feed-back.ResultsPK/PD research to determine dosing in children and infants is preferably performed in a multi-center infrastructure in order to include a sufficient number of subjects within a reasonable time, covering all covariates relevant for dosage. The multi-center collaboration may also enable the analysis of multiple drugs in one cohort increasing cost-efficiency. Formal monitoring is needed to guarantee the quality of collected data.DiscussionIf performed well, the results of these studies will contribute to the evidence base underlying clinical guidelines and regulatory decisions concerning labeling adjustments.
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Machín, Leandro, Alejandra Arrúa, Ana Giménez, María Rosa Curutchet, Joseline Martínez, and Gastón Ares. "Can nutritional information modify purchase of ultra-processed products? Results from a simulated online shopping experiment." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017001185.
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AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present work was to evaluate the influence of two front-of-pack nutrition information schemes (traffic-light system and Chilean warning system) on consumer purchase of ultra-processed foods in a simulated online grocery store.DesignFollowing a between-subjects design, participants completed a simulated weekly food purchase in an online grocery store under one of three experimental conditions: (i) a control condition with no nutrition information, (ii) a traffic-light system and (iii) the Chilean warning system. Information about energy (calories), sugar, saturated fats and salt content was included in the nutrition information schemes.SettingParticipants were recruited from a consumer database and a Facebook advertisement.SubjectsPeople from Montevideo (Uruguay), aged 18–77 years (n437; 75 % female), participated in the study. All participants were in charge of food purchase in the household, at least occasionally.ResultsNo significant differences between experimental conditions were found in the mean share of ultra-processed foods purchased by participants, both in terms of number of products and expenditure, or in the mean energy, sugar, saturated fat and salt content of the purchased items. However, the Chilean warning system decreased intended purchase of sweets and desserts.ConclusionsResults from this online simulation provided little evidence to suggest that the traffic-light system or the Chilean warning system in isolation could be effective in reducing purchase of ultra-processed foods or improving the nutritional composition of the purchased products.
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Banerjee, S., K. Belczynski, C. L. Fryer, P. Berczik, J. R. Hurley, R. Spurzem, and L. Wang. "BSE versus StarTrack: Implementations of new wind, remnant-formation, and natal-kick schemes in NBODY7 and their astrophysical consequences." Astronomy & Astrophysics 639 (July 2020): A41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935332.
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Context. As a result of their formation via massive single and binary stellar evolution, the masses of stellar-remnant black holes (BH) are subjects of great interest in this era of gravitational-wave detection from binary black hole (BBH) and binary neutron star merger events. Aims. In this work, we present new developments in the stellar-remnant formation and related schemes of the current N-body evolution program NBODY7. We demonstrate that the newly implemented stellar-wind and remnant-formation schemes in the stellar-evolutionary sector or BSE of the NBODY7 code, such as the “rapid” and the “delayed” supernova (SN) schemes along with an implementation of pulsational-pair-instability and pair-instability supernova (PPSN/PSN), now produce neutron star (NS) and BH masses that agree nearly perfectly, over large ranges of zero-age-main-sequence (ZAMS) mass and metallicity, with those from the widely recognised StarTrack population-synthesis program. We also demonstrate the new, recipe-based implementations of various widely debated mechanisms of natal kicks on NSs and BHs, such as “convection-asymmetry-driven”, “collapse-asymmetry-driven”, and “neutrino-emission-driven” kicks, in addition to a fully consistent implementation of the standard, fallback-dependent, momentum-conserving natal kick. Methods. All the above newly implemented schemes are also shared with the standalone versions of SSE and BSE. All these demonstrations are performed with both the updated standalone BSE and the updated NBODY7/BSE. Results. When convolved with stellar and primordial-binary populations as observed in young massive clusters, such remnant-formation and natal-kick mechanisms crucially determine the accumulated number, mass, and mass distribution of the BHs retained in young massive, open, and globular clusters (GCs); these BHs would eventually become available for long-term dynamical processing. Conclusions. Among other conclusions, we find that although the newer, delayed SN remnant formation model gives birth to the largest number (mass) of BHs, the older remnant-formation schemes cause the largest number (mass) of BHs to survive in clusters, when incorporating SN material fallback onto the BHs. The SN material fallback also causes the convection-asymmetry-driven SN kick to effectively retain similar numbers and masses of BHs in clusters as for the standard, momentum-conserving kick. The collapse-asymmetry-driven SN kick would cause nearly all BHs to be retained in clusters irrespective of their mass, remnant-formation model, and metallicity, whereas the inference of a large population of BHs in GCs would potentially rule out the neutrino-driven SN kick mechanism. Pre-SN mergers of massive primordial binaries would potentially cause BH masses to deviate from the theoretical, single-star ZAMS to mass-remnant mass relation unless a substantial of the total merging stellar mass of up to ≈40% is lost during a merger process. In particular, such mergers, at low metallicities, have the potential to produce low-spinning BHs within the PSN mass gap that can be retained in a stellar cluster and be available for subsequent dynamical interactions. As recent studies indicate, the new remnant-formation modelling reassures us that young massive and open clusters would potentially contribute to the dynamical BBH merger detection rate to a similar extent as their more massive GC counterparts.
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Scarlat, Elena Morena. "The role of cognitive schemas in the relationship between attachment style and emotional intelligence." Studia Doctoralia 12, no. 1 (June 19, 2021): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47040/sd/sdpsych.v12i1.123.
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The current study focuses on the idea that the relationship between attachment styles and emotional intelligence can be influenced by cognitive schemas. It is well known that the first interaction between the child and his mother lays the foundations of attachment. The extent to which it develops guides the individual throughout his life making him responsible for his own actions and decisions. In this way studying the three variables becomes the main objective of the study. The data were collected on an online form, using the snowball method by which subjects were able to share the questionnaire to acquaintances to gather a larger number of people. The study was attended by 281 people aged between 18 to 40 years, M = 21.98, SD = 4.10, of which, 52 were males (18.50%) and 229 females (81.50%), 134 were single (47.69%) and 147 were in a relationship (52.31%), 48 people come from single-parent families (17.08%) and 233 come from two-parent families (82.92%). The results were as expected, secure attachment constitutes a significant positive predictor of emotional intelligence while the anxious attachment was a significant negative predictor of emotional intelligence. The results also showed that avoidant attachment would be a significant positive predictor of emotional intelligence. Following the results it was observed that there is a mediation between cognitive schema and the relationship between attachment styles and emotional intelligence. The secure attachment style was significantly negatively associated with all three types of schemas as expected.
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Simonds, Vanessa W., Frances L. Kim, Deborah LaVeaux, Velma Pickett, Jessica Milakovich, and Jason Cummins. "Guardians of the Living Water: Using a Health Literacy Framework to Evaluate a Child as Change Agent Intervention." Health Education & Behavior 46, no. 2 (September 14, 2018): 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198118798676.
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Background. American Indian communities in the United States experience considerable health inequities, including increased exposure to environmental contaminants. Consequently, community members of the Apsáalooke (Crow) Nation identified the lack of water-related environmental knowledge among children as an area of concern. Aim. The purpose of this study was to provide a feasibility evaluation of an increasingly sophisticated environmental health literacy program for children. Method. A community–academic partnership developed and piloted the Guardians of the Living Water program to increase environmental health literacy among children and their families on the Crow reservation. Nutbeam’s framework for health literacy, a schema based on functional, interactive, and critical literacy, shaped the program evaluation. We used a within-subjects, quasi-experimental design without a control group. Interviews with children and parents were used to assess the feasibility of the program, while pre-/posttests assessed changes in knowledge, skills, and behavior. Results. Compared with preintervention responses, those from postintervention indicated significant increases for selected knowledge and attitude components. Based on qualitative interviews with children and caregivers, the camp was a valuable experience and increased knowledge of water quality science and reinforced cultural knowledge. Discussion. This success of our program stems from the trust initially built between partners and then expanded throughout the community. The program and the evaluation benefited from both the health literacy framework and from our integration of Apsáalooke values. Conclusion. Our findings suggest that a community-based intervention designed to increase environmental health literacy among youth and their social networks is feasible and acceptable to this American Indian community.
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Gnid, M. R. "PREVALENCE OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH GOUT." Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії 21, no. 3 (November 16, 2021): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2077-1096.21.3.151.
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Gout is a systemic disease characterized by an inflammatory reaction at the sites of deposition of sodium monourate crystals in individuals with hyperuricemia and is caused by external factors and (or) genetic factors. Patients with gout often have comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (including hypertension), diabetes and chronic kidney disease, and dental disease. In the professional literature there are almost no studies of periodontal tissues in patients with gout. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with gout. The participants were divided into 2 groups: the main one included 150 patients with gout, and the comparative one included 80 people without rheumatic pathology. The age of the subjects ranged from 30 to 50 years or more. The clinical examination was performed according to a standard scheme, which included history taking and analysis of patient’s complaints. According to the results obtained, the patients with gout showed a significantly higher prevalence of periodontal disease in all age groups, compared with individuals with rheumatic pathology. A high percentage of periodontal pathology was observed in the young participants of the main group. The larges share in the structure of periodontal diseases among the patients with gout was represented by advanced generalized periodontitis class I and II, and parodontosis, while the individuals without rheumatic pathology demonstrated a higher percentage of initial stages of periodontal disease. With age, both groups demonstrated the increase in the prevalence of periodontal disease, but in patients with gout, this process was more intense. It can be concluded that systemic disorders associated with gout, among which chronic autoimmune inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and a high risk of atherosclerosis are very common, can be regarded as predictors of both rapid progression and aggravation of destructive inflammatory lesions of the periodontium.
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Cui, Lianbiao, and Huangbao Gui. "Sharing the burden of financing the green climate fund in the Post-Kyoto era." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 7, no. 2 (May 18, 2015): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-11-2013-0125.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to design several methods for enforcing developed countries’ responsibilities under the Green Climate Fund (GCF). The GCF has been one of the core subjects of the world climate summits held under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. However, the development of the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and many concerns remain unresolved. Design/methodology/approach – This paper illustrates three approaches for financing the GCF that vary in terms of the relative weights accorded to environmental responsibility and economic capacity. These three methods include the historical responsibility (HR) principle, the ability to pay (AP) principle and the preference score compromises (PSC) approach (which is a combination of the HR and the AP principles). Findings – The empirical analysis demonstrates that the USA is the largest contributor to the GCF under the HR principle due to the volume of its historical emissions, whereas the European Union bears the greatest financial responsibility under the AP principle, based on its gross domestic product. Under the PSC approach, the European Union and the USA each undertakes a financial burden that approximates 40 per cent of the total financing for the GCF. These nations are followed by Japan, which has a share of almost 9 per cent. Originality/value – This study is the first attempt to introduce the PSC concept into discussions regarding GCF financing. A scheme of burden sharing that combines environmental responsibility and economic capacity factors is developed and introduced. The respective weights assigned to the two factors are determined based on the Borda rule in voting theory, which avoids the arbitrary allocation of weights between the HR and the AP. These findings will be useful for mobilising the GCF in the Post-Kyoto era.
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Egorov, N. E., G. S. Kovrov, S. V. Tishkov, and A. D. Volkov. "The potential of digitalization of resource regions of the Russian North." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 13, no. 2 (June 25, 2022): 238–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2022.13.2.238-251.
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Purpose: the study of the current state of the potential level of digitalization of the sectors of the economy of the northern regions of the resource type (NRRT) and to identify possible promising directions for their development.Methods: the research is based on the application of standard methods of data collection and processing, comparative analysis and rating assessment. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service and statistical collections of the Higher School of Economics for the period 2010–2020 were used.Results: the rating of the TOP 10 countries of the world on digital competitiveness is presented. A methodological approach is proposed to substantiate the attribution of NRRT subjects to the resource-type category by calculating the share of the statistical indicator "mining" in the structure of the gross regional product. An assessment of the resource dependence of the regions of the Far North was carried out, based on the analysis of which the criteria for assigning eight subjects of the Russian Federation to NRRT were determined. The analysis and assessment of the current state of the level of digitalization of NRRT, which showed the leading positions of the Magadan region, Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrugs, was carried out. It is noted that the level of regional expenditures on the introduction and use of digital technologies does not significantly affect the composite integral index of the digitalization potential of the northern resource–type regions.Conclusions and Relevance: the development of methodology and research on digitalization of resource regions of the Russian North, the results of which are presented in this article, is being implemented in a number of areas: the development of a conceptual scheme and a system of indicators for monitoring the northern regions; the development and construction of a composite index of development of the digital economy in the regions of the North; the development of methodology for monitoring the development and use of "end-toend" digital technologies (technologies for working with big data); monitoring and assessment of the level of development of the digital economy in the Arctic municipalities; the study of the relationship between socio-economic and digital development of the regions of the Russian North; the development of digital technologies of regional and municipal management and the study of socio-economic effects of their implementation; the study of digital transformation of priority economic sectors of the northern regions.