Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Shape morphology analyses'
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Mottini, d'Oliveira Alejandro Ricardo. "Analyse de la morphologie axonale : du traitement des images à la modélisation." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4066/document.
Full textThe morphological analysis of axonal trees is an important problem in neuroscience. It has been shown that the morphological characteristics of thesestructures provide information on their functioning and allows the characterization of pathological states. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop methods to analyze their shape and to quantify differences between structures. In this thesis we propose a method for the comparison of axonal trees that takes into account both topological and geometrical information. Using this method, which is based on the Elastic Shape Analysis Framework, we can compute the geodesic path between two axons and the mean shape of a population of trees. In addition, we derive a classfication scheme based on this metric and compare it with state of the art approaches. Finally, we propose a 2D discrete stochastic model for the simulation of axonal biogenesis. The model is defined by a third order Markov Chain and considers two main processes: the growth process that models the elongation and shape of the neurites and the bifurcation process that models the generation of branches. The growth process depends, among other variables, on an external attraction field. Both techniques were validated on a database of real fluorescent confocal microscopy images of neurons within Drosophila fly brains. Both normal neurons and neurons in which certain genes were inactivated have been considered. Results show that the proposed comparison method obtains better results that other methods found in the literature, and that the model parameter values provide information about the growth properties of the populations
Impey, Stephen J. "Non-linear image processing techniques and their application to the analysis of antirrhinum petal shape development." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323310.
Full textAedo, John R. "Does Shape Predict Performance? An Analysis of Morphology and Swimming Performance in Great Basin Fishes." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2751.pdf.
Full textViechnicki, Bryon Joseph. "Three-dimensional Surface Changes in the Mandible during Growth and Development." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/211932.
Full textM.S.
Three-dimensional analysis of mandibular growth provides the potential for pedodontists, orthodontists and surgeons to prescribe treatment that works in harmony with the individual growth of the patient. Despite efforts by 3D pioneers, the visualization of growth and development remains reminiscent of the landmark-based cephalometric analyses used in two-dimensional studies. The objective of this study was to identify 3D topographical changes of the mandible during growth and development of adolescent orthodontic patients. Nine pairs of pre- and post-orthodontic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were used to generate mandibular surfaces. Surfaces were superimposed on trabecular bone in the anterior mandible using a mutual information algorithm, and topographical changes were visualized and quantified. The intra- and inter-rater intraclass correlation coefficients for surface generation (0.94 and 0.93, respectively) and superimposition (0.96 and 0.82, respectively) demonstrate the reliability of the techniques. The findings of this study support the theories of bone remodeling reported in histological, implant-based, and landmark studies of mandibular growth.
Temple University--Theses
Harrison, Ryan K. S. "Investigating the Relationships Between Material Properties and Microstructural Shapes as Quantified by Moment Invariants." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2018. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1162.
Full textHermann, Simon Maximilian [Verfasser]. "Visual analytics methods for shape analysis of biomedical images exemplified on rodent skull morphology / Simon Maximilian Hermann." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139048864/34.
Full textVandenbussche, Pierre. "Otolithes et bioindication : conséquence d’un stress environnemental sur la morphologie des sagittae de Dicentrarchus labrax et Oblada melanura." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4122/document.
Full textThe aim of our study was to validate the most suitable environmental indicator among three approaches: morphological measurements of fish juveniles; quantification of the fluctuating asymmetry of their otoliths; analysis of their otolith shape. In aquaria, results for Dicentrarchus labrax have shown that mono-contamination by classical pollutants, such as phosphorus or zinc, has no effect for concentrations corresponding to those measured in highly anthropized environments. Nevertheless, higher zinc concentrations induce otolith shape alterations in addition to their negative impact on fish size and weight. On the basis of our three-year in situ Oblada melanura samplings, we have demonstrated that, in a replicable manner, compared to preserved areas and small waterway mouths, mid-size recreational harbours negatively impact juvenile standard length and also alter otolith shape. By comparison with in aquaria results, these alterations are consistent with a synergy of disturbance sources which taken independently do not have any impact. Taking into account all our results, we deduce that size and weight are easy to measure but show response variability. Measurement of fish juvenile otoliths' fluctuating asymmetry does not seem to be suitable for use in bioindication. Conversely, fish juvenile sagittae shape analysis is well-suited to surveys of environmental modifications, for fishes from two different families, Moronidae and Sparidae. This analysis seems to be a promising tool for bioindication, with a practical application for environmental managers
Mayer, Jürgen. "Investigation of the biophysical basis for cell organelle morphology." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-26600.
Full textMayer, Jürgen. "Investigation of the biophysical basis for cell organelle morphology." Master's thesis, Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Zellbiologie und Genetik, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25225.
Full textLindner, Claudia. "Statistical shape analysis of the proximal femur : development of a fully automatic segmentation system and its applications." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/statistical-shape-analysis-of-the-proximal-femur-development-of-a-fully-automatic-segmentation-system-and-its-applications(b36076bd-32da-4b00-9518-d05060aaa594).html.
Full textZolfaghari, Mohammad Esmail. "The morphological, flow and failure characteristics of fractionated natural bulk material : evaluation of flowability of fractionated powdered liquorice using a specially designed flowmeter : the particle morphology was assessed by computer image analysis and the failure properties by shear cell testing." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4353.
Full textSlobodan, Dražić. "Shape Based Methods for Quantification and Comparison of Object Properties from Their Digital Image Representations." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2019. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=107871&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textУ тези су размотрени развој, побољшање и евалуација метода за квантитативну карактеризацију објеката приказаних дигиталним сликама, као и мере растојања између дигиталних слика. Методе за квантитативну карактеризацију објеката представљених дигиталним сликама се све више користе у применама у којима грешка може имати критичне последице, а традиционалне методе за квантитативну карактеризацију су мале прецизности и тачности. У тези се показује да се коришћењем информације о покривеност пиксела обликом може значајно побољшати прецизност и тачност оцене растојања између две најудаљеније тачке облика мерено у датом правцу. Веома је пожељно да мера растојања између дигиталних слика може да се веже за одређену особину облика и морфолошке операције се користе приликом дефинисања растојања у ту сврху. Ипак, растојања дефинисана на овај начин показују се недовољно осетљива на релевантне податке дигиталних слика који представљају особине облика. У тези се показује да идеја адаптивне математичке морфологије може успешно да се користи да би се превазишао поменути проблем осетљивости растојања дефинисаних користећи морфолошке операције.
U tezi su razmotreni razvoj, poboljšanje i evaluacija metoda za kvantitativnu karakterizaciju objekata prikazanih digitalnim slikama, kao i mere rastojanja između digitalnih slika. Metode za kvantitativnu karakterizaciju objekata predstavljenih digitalnim slikama se sve više koriste u primenama u kojima greška može imati kritične posledice, a tradicionalne metode za kvantitativnu karakterizaciju su male preciznosti i tačnosti. U tezi se pokazuje da se korišćenjem informacije o pokrivenost piksela oblikom može značajno poboljšati preciznost i tačnost ocene rastojanja između dve najudaljenije tačke oblika mereno u datom pravcu. Veoma je poželjno da mera rastojanja između digitalnih slika može da se veže za određenu osobinu oblika i morfološke operacije se koriste prilikom definisanja rastojanja u tu svrhu. Ipak, rastojanja definisana na ovaj način pokazuju se nedovoljno osetljiva na relevantne podatke digitalnih slika koji predstavljaju osobine oblika. U tezi se pokazuje da ideja adaptivne matematičke morfologije može uspešno da se koristi da bi se prevazišao pomenuti problem osetljivosti rastojanja definisanih koristeći morfološke operacije.
Krahula, Karel. "Analýza změn struktury a vlastností slitiny Al-Si během odstátí taveniny." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-446742.
Full textMahé, Kélig. "Sources de variation de la forme des otolithes : Implications pour la discrimination des stocks de poissons Identifying blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou) stock structure in the Northeast Atlantic by otolith shape analysis. Otolith shape as a valuable tool to evaluate the stock structure of swordfish Xiphias gladius in the Indian Ocean Directional bilateral asymmetry in otolith morphology may affect fish stock discrimination based on otolith shape analysis Do environmental conditions (temperature and food composition) affect otolith shape during fish early-juvenile phase? An experimental approach applied to European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax)." Thesis, Littoral, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019DUNK0539.
Full textThe assessment and management of fish populations is based on the use of management units called fish stocks. The shape of otoliths, calcified structures of the fish's inner ear, can be used to discriminate these stocks. First, this thesis focuses on the study of the spatio-temporal variability of the otolith’s shape for three fish species with different ecological characteristics (size, swimming speed, behaviour in the water column, etc.) and biogeographical environments. The results showed that there is a decreasing structural gradient across stock sizes from large pelagic species to more localised demersal species. This is linked to the fact that some demersal species such as the bogue (Boops boops) are constrained by the presence of geographical barriers and hydrological fronts, which is not the case for the analysed pelagic species (blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou; swordfish, Xiphias gladius). Secondly, we tested the effects of potential confounding factors (e. g. bilateral directional asymmetry, DA) on the discriminating power of an otolith’s shape. We have shown that there is a DA for bogue, induced by the lateralisation process, which varies in amplitude and direction according to the geographical area. In the bogue, this DA impacts stock identification by otolith shape, which changes according to which otolith is used (i.e. right or left). Otolith shape is useful to discriminate among fish stocks because it reflects the specific environmental conditions that fish have experienced during their lifetime. Finally, in the third part of the thesis, we analyzed, under controlled conditions, the effects of temperature and the diet content of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) on otolith morphogenesis for seabass (Dicentrachus labrax). After emergence, two phases can be distinguished in the ontogenesis of otolith shape with an initial elongation that reflects slower growth of the dorso-ventral axis compared to the antero-posterior axis. This leads to more localized modifications, in particular, in a more complex area between the rostrum and the anti-rostrum, which is clearly linked to the thermal regime. Conversely, the percentage of n-3 PUFAs does not appear to influence otolith morphogenesis. The use of growing degree days (GDD) has shown that the effect of temperature is to accelerate morphogenesis, but also to change its trajectory: at a fixed GDD value, for two given temperatures, the shapes differ. All the results obtained in this thesis validate the use of the otolith shape to discriminate fish stocks, but also emphasize the need to know the precise sources of morphological variability of intra-stock otoliths in order to determine more precisely the limits of fish stocks
Shandilya, Kaushik K. "Characterization, Speciation, and Source Apportionment of Particles inside and from the Exhaust of Public Transit Buses Fueled With Alternative Fuels." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1341594452.
Full textLi, Yunming. "Machine vision algorithms for mining equipment automation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.
Find full textChahboun, Abderrahim. "Les formations sableuses fluviatiles, littorales et eoliennes aux embouchures des oueds tensift, ksob et souss (atlas-atlantique, maroc)." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066131.
Full textJang, Ben Kwei. "Shape analysis using mathematical morphology." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/23528667.html.
Full textTypescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
Park, Chiwoo. "Automated Morphology Analysis of Nanoparticles." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-9899.
Full textPapaluca, Arturo. "Clustering algorithms and shape factor methods to discriminate among small GTPase phenotypes using DIC image analysis." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8817.
Full textEvolution is a gradual process that gives rise to changes in the form of mutations that are reflected at the protein level. We propose that evolution of new pathways occurs by switching binding partners, hence creating new functions. The different functions encountered in a given family of related proteins have emerged from a common ancestor that has been duplicated and mutated to become implicated in new interactions and to gain new functions. In this study, we will use native and constitutive active mutant variants of the Ras-like family of small GTPases as working model, to explore such gene duplications, followed by neo / sub-functionalization. The reason for choosing this family resides in the fact that it is a defined set of proteins with well known functions that are mediated through multiple protein-protein interactions. The aim of this master is to perform a classification of budding yeast phenotypes using different approaches in order to statistically determine at which level of the population these constitutively active mutations are capable to affect cell morphology. Working with a subset of the Ras-like small GTPases family, we recently developed an approach to catalogue and classify these proteins based on multiple physical and chemical criteria. Using microscopic and bioinformatics methods, we characterized phenotypes associated with over-expression of the native small GTPases of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, showing that an established classification is not very clear. We are interested to investigate how point mutations in small GTPases can affect the cell morphology and their level of impact on asynchronous population. We want to establish a method to determine and quantify mutant and wild type-like phenotypes on these populations using Differential interference contrast microscopy (DIC) images only. As for the first aim of this study, we hypothesize that clustering algorithms can partition mutant cells from wild type cells based on cell shape factor measurements. To prove this hypothesis, we proposed to implement different clustering algorithms to analyze datasets which combines measurements from wild type and respective mutant populations. We created constitutively active forms of these small GTPases and used Cdc42, Rho5, Ras1 and Rsr1 to validate our results. We observed that Cdc42 Q61L, Rho5 Q91H, Ras1 Q68L and Rsr1 G12V mutations induced characteristic amorphous, clumped/elongated, rounded and discrete large phenotypes respectively. This classification allowed us to define a phenotypical classification related to functions. Phenotype classification of the small GTPases has been confirmed using shape factor formulas accompanied with bioinformatics approaches. These approaches which involved different clustering methods allowed an automated quantitative characterization of the phenotypes of up to 7293 mutant cells. Sequence alignment of Cdc42 and Rho5 showed 46.1% identity as well as 62.6% for Ras1 and Rsr1 allowing the identification of diverged residues potentially involved in specific functions and protein-protein interactions. Directed mutagenesis and substitution of these sites from one gene to another have been performed in some positions to test for specificity and involvement in morphology changes. In parallel, interactions observed for native and constitutively active mutants Cdc42 and Rho5 will be assayed with protein-fragment complementation assay (PCA). This will enable us to determine whether a high correlation exists between functions switches and binding partner’s switches. We propose to expand this approach to the whole Ras-like small GTPases family and monitor protein-protein interactions and functions at a network scale. This research will confirm whether enrichment or depletion of residues in specific sites induces a switch of function due to switching binding partners. Understanding the mechanism underlying such correlation is important to gain insight in the biological mechanisms underlying the Ras-like small GTPases and other proteins evolution. Such knowledge is of fundamental importance in biomedical and pharmaceutical fields, since Ras-like small GTPases represent important targets for therapeutic interventions and for the evolutionary biology field.
Oettle, Anna Catherina. "Effects of dental loss and senescence on aspects of adult mandibular morphology in South Africans." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45986.
Full textThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
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Anatomy
PhD
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(14042749), Shah M. E. Haque. "Performance study of the electrostatic precipitator of a coal fired power plant: Aspects of fine particulate emission control." Thesis, 2009. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Performance_study_of_the_electrostatic_precipitator_of_a_coal_fired_power_plant_Aspects_of_fine_particulate_emission_control/21454428.
Full textParticulate matter emission is one of the major air pollution problems of coal fired power plants. Fine particulates constitute a smaller fraction by weight of the total suspended particle matter in a typical particulate emission, but they are considered potentially hazardous to health because of the high probability of deposition in deeper parts of the respiratory tract. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are the most widely used devices that are capable of controlling particulate emission effectively from power plants and other process industries. Although the dust collection efficiency of the industrial precipitator is reported as about 99.5%, an anticipation of future stricter environmental protection agency (EPA) regulations have led the local power station seeking new technologies to achieve the new requirements at minimum cost and thus control their fine particulate emissions to a much greater degree than ever before.
This study aims to identify the options for controlling fine particle emission through improvement of the ESP performance efficiency. An ESP system consists of flow field, electrostatic field and particle dynamics. The performance of an ESP is significantly affected by its complex flow distribution arising as a result of its complex internal geometry, hence the aerodynamic characteristics of the flow inside an ESP always need considerable attention to improve the efficiency of an ESP. Therefore, a laboratory scale ESP model, geometrically similar to an industrial ESP, was designed and fabricated at the Thermodynamics Laboratory of CQUniversity, Australia to examine the flow behaviour inside the ESP. Particle size and shape morphology analyses were conducted to reveal the properties of the fly ash particles which were used for developing numerical models of the ESP.
Numerical simulations were carried out using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code FLUENT and comparisons were made with the experimental results. The ESP was modelled in two steps. Firstly, a novel 3D fluid (air) flow was modelled considering the detailed geometrical configuration inside the ESP. A novel boundary condition was applied at the inlet boundary of this model to overcome all previous assumptions on uniform velocity at the inlet boundary. Numerically predicted velocity profiles inside the ESP model are compared with the measured data obtained from the laboratory experiment. The model with a novel boundary condition predicted the flow distribution more accurately. In the second step, as the complete ESP system consists of an electric field and a particle phase in addition to the fluid flow field, a two dimensional ESP model was developed. The electrostatic force was applied to the flow equations using User Defined Functions (UDF). A discrete phase model was incorporated with this two dimensional model to study the effect of particle size, electric field and flue gas flow on the collection efficiency of particles inside the ESP. The simulated results revealed that the collection efficiency cannot be improved by the increased electric force only unless the flow velocity is optimized.
The CFD model was successfully applied to a prototype ESP at the power plant and used to recommend options for improving the efficiency of the ESP. The aerodynamic behaviour of the flow was improved by geometrical modifications in the existing 3D numerical model. In particular, the simulation was performed to improve and optimize the flow in order to achieve uniform flow and to increase particle collection inside the ESP. The particles injected in the improved flow condition were collected with higher efficiency after increasing the electrostatic force inside the 2D model. The approach adopted in this study to optimize flow and electrostatic field properties is a novel approach for improving the performance of an electrostatic precipitator.
Pilarski, Patrick Michael. "Computational analysis of wide-angle light scattering from single cells." Phd thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/774.
Full textTitle from PDF file main screen (viewed on Apr. 1, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.