Academic literature on the topic 'Shame (Motion picture)'

Most anti-shake technologies can compensate the hand shake when taking a static picture. When people use the camera in the dim environment, the shutter opening time will be extended to increase exposure. However, the hand shake will cause the photos blurry if the shutter opening time was too long. The hand shake problem is even more serious when people doing the dynamic image recording. In the past years, the mobile phones with the digital camera and portable video camera were developed vigorously. Taking pictures and recording dynamic image have become the basic functions of mobile phones since the development of the 3G mobile phone. While the specifications of cameras become high resolution and high magnification optical zoom, the traditional electronic anti-shake technology will not be applied in the digital camera because of the large amount of computing power. It is also difficult to apply the optical anti-shake technology in thin 3C products because the volume of optical anti-shake module is too large. Thus, developing a new anti-shake technology which can be applied in the thin 3C products to enhance the photo and video quality is very important. In this paper, the image processing technologies will be applied to calculate the motion signal. Then, the voluntary and involuntary motion signals will be separated by the signal separation algorithm, and finally the dynamic image will be reconstruction by compensating the involuntary shake of each frame to enhance the quality of the dynamic image.

The question of the relation between Film and philosophy has been at the center of many intellectual debates since the foundation of cinema. It has been paraphrased and articulated in many disciplines such as Philosophy of Film, Film-Philosophy, Philosophy of Motion Pictures, Philosophy of Moving Images, even Film Theory. Nevertheless, as much as the technical aspects of the movies developed rapidly, the philosophical questions around it became more and more specific and the answers became more fallible by the end of the day. If you could agree before with some of the ontological conclusions of Bazin, Deleuze, Badiou or Cavell about celluloid-based Film, you certainly cannot share that agreement to generalize that to the kind of digital imagery that we call ‘Film’ today, nor can you justify the Hologram or 3D IMAX footage as constituents of a motion picture. The irony is that the old question, ‘what is Film?’, is as often and as rapidly revised as the question, “what is philosophy?”.

This paper illustrates detailed study of various methods and solutions that effects of liquid sloshing. The study includes the prismatic and cylindrical containers while in motion and in stationary. This gives us a picture about how sloshing can affect depending upon various parameters like velocity and acceleration of container, velocity of fluid inside moving container, viscosity of fluid, length of container and specific density of the fluid. The sloshing can be measured by using different approaches depending on the shape and motion of the container.

In this paper we firstly propose and study a microscopic model of twin boundary motion in the Heusler Ni-Mn-X (X= Ga, In, Sb, Sn) alloys on real tetragonal lattice using the first principles and Monte Carlo simulations. The two variants of the low temperature martensite which divided by twin boundary are considered. The Heisenberg model for magnetic subsystem and the Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) one for structural subsystem with magnetostructural interaction between these subsystems are used. The influence of external magnetic field and anisotropy on the twin boundary motion is studied. It is shown that proposed model gives the picture of twin boundary motion as in experiments.

In this paper we firstly propose and study a microscopic model of multiple twin boundary motion using the first principles and Monte Carlo simulations in Heusler Ni-Mn-X (for example, X = Ga) alloys on real tetragonal lattice. The two variants of the low temperature martensite which divided by twin boundary are considered. The Heisenberg model for magnetic subsystem and Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) one for structural subsystem with magnetostructural interaction between these subsystems are used. The influence of external magnetic field and anisotropy on the twin boundary motion is studied. It is shown that proposed model gives the picture of twin boundary motion as in experiments.

The extremely short life cycle and the rapid decay in revenues after opening coupled with the rapid and frequent introduction of new competitive products makes the timing of new product introductions in the motion picture industry critical, particularly during the high-revenue Christmas and summer seasons. Each studio wants to capture as much of the season as possible by opening early in the season. At the same time, each wants to avoid head-to-head competition. The authors model competition between two motion pictures in a share attraction framework and conduct an equilibrium analysis of the product introduction timing game in a finite season. The following three different equilibrium configurations emerge: (1) a single equilibrium with both movies opening simultaneously at the beginning of the season, (2) a single equilibrium with one movie opening at the beginning of the season and one delaying, and (3) dual equilibria, with either movie delaying opening. A key factor is the product life cycle, which can be captured well with a two-parameter exponential decline. The authors relate the life-cycle parameters to these possibilities with the general result that the weaker movie may be forced to delay opening. These results are related to case studies of the opening of recently released movies. A statistical analysis of the 1990 summer season in North America provides support for the conclusions and suggests that current release timing decisions can be improved. The authors discuss the rationale of “avoiding the competition” in the general context of product introduction timing.

The political nature of abstraction presented from an artist’s point of view – one who considers the most advanced task is the exploration of the language of pictures. Such exploration is understood as a separate discipline from the many others that employ pictures for practical functions. The author examines the development of 20th century abstraction as an effect of revolutionary social motion. Historic steps to abstraction, taking shape as rising and receding artistic movements, are correlated to revolutionary motion. The materialist underpinning of abstraction is distinguished from the idealism of Post-Modernism. The paper ends with an examination of contemporary discourse in the Western art world that attempts to erase the internationalism of abstraction and, thereby, marginalize non-Western practitioners.

This thesis explores the factors leading to the images of self-deprecation and shame in contemporary Scottish film. It would seem that the causes of these reoccurring motifs may be because the Scottish people are unable to escape from their past and are uneasy about the future of the nation. There is an internal struggle for both Scottish men and women, who try to adhere to their predetermined roles in Scottish culture, but this role leads to violence, alcoholism, and shame. In addition, there is also a fear for the future of the nation that represented in films that feature a connection between children and the creation of life with the death of Scotland's past. This thesis will focus on films created under a recent boom in film production in Scotland beginning in 1994 till the present day.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 7, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

Latin American telenovelas have been exported to more than a hundred countries across the globe. While they are popular in their country of production because their messages resonate with their audience’s everyday experiences, their popularity amongst global audiences with whom they share neither a social nor a cultural history is unexplained. Kenya has been importing and airing Latin American telenovelas since the early 1990s, and telenovelas have permeated many aspects of Kenyan daily life, when compared to other foreign globally-distributed media products that are aired on Kenyan television. As global media products, telenovelas remain open to criticisms from the media imperialism thesis. This research adopts an ethnographic approach to the study of audiences, and looks at the reception of a Mexican telenovela, Cuando Seas Mia, by a group of young Kenyan women in Nairobi. It reflects upon the media imperialism thesis from an African perspective by investigating the meanings that these women make from Cuando Seas Mia, and how these shape their changing local identities and cultures. The young women in this study, most of whom have moved to the city from the rural areas, are influenced by traditional, patriarchal Kenyan society and by the modern, Western influences of an urban environment. They experience a tension between their evolving rural and urban roles and identities and are drawn to telenovelas because their exploration of rural-urban themes holds a relevance to their own lives. They negotiate their contemporary African youth identities, gender roles and heterosexual relationships in relation to representations in the telenovela, questioning and destabilising African and Western definitions. These women select aspects from their traditional, African cultures and from their modern, Western experiences (and consumption of global media) and reconstruct them into a transitional youth identity which suits their day to day lives as young women living in an urban African environment.

Suite aux grands changements qui bousculèrent la société, la fin du dix-neuvième siècle fut une période de grande instabilité pour l’Angleterre. Les anxiétés créées par ces bouleversements se reflétèrent dans une prolifération de la littérature Gothique. Bien que le genre soit généralement étudié en relation avec la peur, ce mémoire soutient que le gothique tire son essence d’un large éventail d’émotions — et, tout particulièrement, de la honte. Étroitement liée à la notion de moralité, la honte est profondément ancrée dans les codes sociaux et les conventions. Dans une société aussi conservatrice et rigoureusement structurée que celle de la fin de la période victorienne, la honte révèle les conflits auxquels les individus faisaient face, ainsi que leur manière de les gérer. Pour comprendre les dynamiques de ces enjeux et les valeurs à leur fondement, ce mémoire explore trois romans importants de l’époque : The Picture of Dorian Gray, de Oscar Wilde, The Beetle, de Richard Marsh et The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde de Robert Louis Stevenson. En se concentrant particulièrement sur la figure du monstre gothique, cette étude considère deux types de honte : interne et externe. Tandis que le portrait de Dorian Gray illustre le conflit interne du protagoniste, la créature de The Beetle offre un exemple de honte externe comme châtiment; enfin, le double dans Jekyll and Hyde expose la mécanique de coexistence des hontes externe et interne. Au moyen de cet angle d’analyse, ce mémoire ouvre alors de nouvelles perspectives d’études sur la littérature gothique de la fin du dixneuvième siècle.
Suite aux grands changements qui bousculèrent la société, la fin du dix-neuvième siècle fut une période de grande instabilité pour l’Angleterre. Les anxiétés créées par ces bouleversements se reflétèrent dans une prolifération de la littérature Gothique. Bien que le genre soit généralement étudié en relation avec la peur, ce mémoire soutient que le gothique tire son essence d’un large éventail d’émotions — et, tout particulièrement, de la honte. Étroitement liée à la notion de moralité, la honte est profondément ancrée dans les codes sociaux et les conventions. Dans une société aussi conservatrice et rigoureusement structurée que celle de la fin de la période victorienne, la honte révèle les conflits auxquels les individus faisaient face, ainsi que leur manière de les gérer. Pour comprendre les dynamiques de ces enjeux et les valeurs à leur fondement, ce mémoire explore trois romans importants de l’époque : The Picture of Dorian Gray, de Oscar Wilde, The Beetle, de Richard Marsh et The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde de Robert Louis Stevenson. En se concentrant particulièrement sur la figure du monstre gothique, cette étude considère deux types de honte : interne et externe. Tandis que le portrait de Dorian Gray illustre le conflit interne du protagoniste, la créature de The Beetle offre un exemple de honte externe comme châtiment; enfin, le double dans Jekyll and Hyde expose la mécanique de coexistence des hontes externe et interne. Au moyen de cet angle d’analyse, ce mémoire ouvre alors de nouvelles perspectives d’études sur la littérature gothique de la fin du dixneuvième siècle.
The end of the nineteenth century in England was a period of great instability as society experienced significant changes. These disruptions created anxieties, which were manifested in the proliferation of Gothic literature. While the Gothic genre is generally studied through the lens of fear, this thesis argues that it is governed by a range of affects, especially shame. Closely linked with morality, shame is deeply embedded in social codes and conventions. In a rigidly structured, conservative society such as that of late Victorian Britain, shame reveals much about the struggles that people faced and how they handled them. To understand the dynamics of these struggles and the values that underpinned them, this thesis explores three major novels from the fin de siècle period: The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, The Beetle by Richard Marsh and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. With a particular focus on the figure of the Gothic monster, this study considers two different types of shame, internal and external. The portrait in Dorian Gray illustrates the internal conflict of the protagonist, while the creature in The Beetle offers an example of external shame as punishment. Meanwhile, the double in Jekyll and Hyde provides an opportunity to understand how internal and external shame coexist. In so doing, this thesis provides new insights into Gothic literature of the fin de siècle.
The end of the nineteenth century in England was a period of great instability as society experienced significant changes. These disruptions created anxieties, which were manifested in the proliferation of Gothic literature. While the Gothic genre is generally studied through the lens of fear, this thesis argues that it is governed by a range of affects, especially shame. Closely linked with morality, shame is deeply embedded in social codes and conventions. In a rigidly structured, conservative society such as that of late Victorian Britain, shame reveals much about the struggles that people faced and how they handled them. To understand the dynamics of these struggles and the values that underpinned them, this thesis explores three major novels from the fin de siècle period: The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, The Beetle by Richard Marsh and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson. With a particular focus on the figure of the Gothic monster, this study considers two different types of shame, internal and external. The portrait in Dorian Gray illustrates the internal conflict of the protagonist, while the creature in The Beetle offers an example of external shame as punishment. Meanwhile, the double in Jekyll and Hyde provides an opportunity to understand how internal and external shame coexist. In so doing, this thesis provides new insights into Gothic literature of the fin de siècle.

捕捉攝像機運動和重建攝像機成像場景深度圖的測定是在計算機視覺和機器任務包括可視化控制和自主導航是非常重要。在執行上述任務時，一個攝像機（或攝像機群組）通常安裝在機器的執行端部。攝像機和執行端部之間的手眼校準在視覺控制的正常操作中是不可缺少的。同樣，在對於需要使用多個攝像機的情况下，它們的相對幾何關係也是對各種計算機視覺應用來說也是非常重要。
攝像機和場景的相對運動通常產生出optical flow。問題的困難主要在於，在直接觀察視頻中的optical flow通常不是完全由運動誘導出的optical flow，而只是它的一部分。這個部分就是空間圖像等光線輪廓的正交。這部分的流場被稱為normal flow。本論文提出直接利用normal flow，而不是由normal flow引申出的optical flow，去解決以下的問題：尋找攝像機運動，場景深度圖和手眼校準。這種方法有許多顯著的貢獻，它不需引申流場，進而不要求平滑的成像場景。跟optical flow相反，normal flow不需要複雜的優化處理程序去解決流場不連續性的問題，這種技術一般是需要用大量的計算量。這也打破了傳統攝像機運動與場景深度之間的問題，在沒有預先知道不連續位置的情況下也可找出攝像機的運動。這篇論提出了幾個直接方法運用在三種不同類型的視覺系統，分別是單個攝像機，雙攝像機和多個攝像機，去找出攝像機的運動。
本論文首先提通過Apparent Flow 正深度 (AFPD) 約束去利用所有觀察到的normal flow去找出單個攝像機的運動參數。AFPD約束是利用一個優化問題來估計運動參數。一個反复由粗到細雙重約束的投票框架能使AFPD約束尋找出運動參數。
由於有限的視頻採樣率，normal flow在提取方向比其幅度部分更準確。本論文提出了兩個約束條件：一個是Apparent Flow方向（AFD）的約束，另外一個是Apparent Flow 幅度（AFM）的約束去尋找運動參數。第一個約束本身是作為一個線性不等式系統去約束運動方向的參數，第二個是利用所有圖像位置的旋轉幅度的統一性去進一步限制運動參數。一個兩階段從粗到細的約束框架能使AFD及AFM約束尋找出運動參數。
然而，如果沒有optical flow，normal flow是唯一的原始資料，它通常遭受到有限影像分辨率和有限視頻採樣率的問題而產生出錯誤。本文探討了這個問題的補救措施，方法是把一些攝像機併在一起，形成一個近似球形的攝像機，以增加成像系統的視野。有了一個加寬視野，normal flow的數量可更大，這可以用來抵銷normal flow在每個成像點的提取錯誤。更重要的是，攝像頭的平移和旋轉運動方向可以透過Apparent Flow分離 (AFS) 約束 及 延伸Apparent Flow分離 (EAFS) 約束來獨立估算。
除了使用單攝像機或球面成像系統之外，立體視覺成像系統提供了其它的視覺線索去尋找攝像機在沒有被任意縮放大小的平移運動和深度圖。傳統的立體視覺方法是確定在兩個輸入圖像特徵的對應。然而，對應的建立是非常困難。本文探討了兩個直接方法來恢復完整的攝像機運動，而沒有需要利用一對影像明確的點至點對應。第一種方法是利用AFD和AFM約束伸延到立體視覺系統，並提供了一個穩定的幾何方法來確定平移運動的幅度。第二個方法需要利用有一個較大的重疊視場，以提供一個不需反覆計算的closed-form算法。一旦確定了運動參數，深度圖可以沒有任何困難地重建。從normal flow產生的深度圖一般是以稀疏的形式存在。我們可以通過擴張深度圖，然後利用它作為在常見的TV-L₁框架的初始估計。其結果不僅有一個更好的重建性能，也產生出更快的運算時間。
手眼校準通常是基於像圖特徵對應。本文提出一個替代方法，是從動態攝像系統產生的normal flow來做自我校準。為了使這個方法有更強防備噪音的能力，策略是使用normal flow的流場方向去尋找手眼幾何的方向部份。偏離點及部分的手眼幾何可利用normal flow固有的流場屬性去尋找。最後完整的手眼幾何可使用穩定法來變得更可靠。手眼校準還可以被用來確定多個攝像機的相對幾何關係，而不需要求它們有重疊的視場。
Determination of general camera motion and reconstructing depth map from a captured video of the imaged scene relative to a camera is important for computer vision and various robotics tasks including visual control and autonomous navigation. A camera (or a cluster of cameras) is usually mounted on the end-effector of a robot arm when performing the above tasks. The determination of the relative geometry between the camera frame and the end-effector frame which is commonly referred as hand-eye calibration is essential to proper operation in visual control. Similarly, determining the relative geometry of multiple cameras is also important to various applications requiring the use of multi-camera rig.
The relative motion between an observer and the imaged scene generally induces apparent flow in the video. The difficulty of the problem lies mainly in that the flow pattern directly observable in the video is generally not the full flow field induced by the motion, but only partial information of it, which is orthogonal to the iso-brightness contour of the spatial image intensity profile. The partial flow field is known as the normal flow field. This thesis addresses several important problems in computer vision: determination of camera motion, recovery of depth map, and performing hand-eye calibration from the apparent flow (normal flow) pattern itself in the video data directly but not from the full flow interpolated from the apparent flow. This approach has a number of significant contributions. It does not require interpolating the flow field and in turn does not demand the imaged scene to be smooth. In contrast to optical flow, no sophisticated optimization procedures that account for handling flow discontinuities are required, and such techniques are generally computational expensive. It also breaks the classical chicken-and-egg problem between scene depth and camera motion. No prior knowledge about the locations of the discontinuities is required for motion determination. In this thesis, several direct methods are proposed to determine camera motion using three different types of imaging systems, namely monocular camera, stereo camera, and multi-camera rig.
This thesis begins with the Apparent Flow Positive Depth (AFPD) constraint to determine the motion parameters using all observable normal flows from a monocular camera. The constraint presents itself as an optimization problem to estimate the motion parameters. An iterative process in a constrained dual coarse-to-fine voting framework on the motion parameter space is used to exploit the constraint.
Due to the finite video sampling rate, the extracted normal flow field is generally more accurate in direction component than its magnitude part. This thesis proposes two constraints: one related to the direction component of the normal flow field - the Apparent Flow Direction (AFD) constraint, and the other to the magnitude component of the field - the Apparent Flow Magnitude (AFM) constraint, to determine motion. The first constraint presents itself as a system of linear inequalities to bind the direction of motion parameters; the second one uses the globality of rotational magnitude to all image positions to constrain the motion parameters further. A two-stage iterative process in a coarse-to-fine framework on the motion parameter space is used to exploit the two constraints.
Yet without the need of the interpolation step, normal flow is only raw information extracted locally that generally suffers from flow extraction error arisen from finiteness of the image resolution and video sampling rate. This thesis explores a remedy to the problem, which is to increase the visual field of the imaging system by fixating a number of cameras together to form an approximate spherical eye. With a substantially widened visual field, the normal flow data points would be in a much greater number, which can be used to combat the local flow extraction error at each image point. More importantly, the directions of translation and rotation components in general motion can be separately estimated with the use of the novel Apparent Flow Separation (AFS) and Extended Apparent Flow Separation (EAFS) constraints.
Instead of using a monocular camera or a spherical imaging system, stereo vision contributes another visual clue to determine magnitude of translation and depth map without the problem of arbitrarily scaling of the magnitude. The conventional approach in stereo vision is to determine feature correspondences across the two input images. However, the correspondence establishment is often difficult. This thesis explores two direct methods to recover the complete camera motion from the stereo system without the explicit point-to-point correspondences matching. The first method extends the AFD and AFM constraints to stereo camera, and provides a robust geometrical method to determine translation magnitude. The second method which requires the stereo image pair to have a large overlapped field of view provides a closed-form solution, requiring no iterative computation. Once the motion parameters are here, depth map can be reconstructed without any difficulty. The depth map resulted from normal flows is generally sparse in nature. We can interpolate the depth map and then utilizing it as an initial estimate in a conventional TV-L₁ framework. The result is not only a better reconstruction performance, but also a faster computation time.
Calibration of hand-eye geometry is usually based on feature correspondences. This thesis presents an alternative method that uses normal flows generated from an active camera system to perform self-calibration. In order to make the method more robust to noise, the strategy is to use the direction component of the flow field which is more noise-immune to recover the direction part of the hand-eye geometry first. Outliers are then detected using some intrinsic properties of the flow field together with the partially recovered hand-eye geometry. The final solution is refined using a robust method. The method can also be used to determine the relative geometry of multiple cameras without demanding overlap in their visual fields.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Hui, Tak Wai.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-165).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Acknowledgements --- p.i
Abstract --- p.ii
Lists of Figures --- p.xiii
Lists of Tables --- p.xix
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Background --- p.1
Chapter 1.2 --- Motivation --- p.4
Chapter 1.3 --- Research Objectives --- p.6
Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Outline --- p.7
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.10
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.10
Chapter 2.2 --- Recovery of Optical Flows --- p.10
Chapter 2.3 --- Egomotion Estimation Based on Optical Flow Field --- p.14
Chapter 2.3.1 --- Bilinear Constraint --- p.14
Chapter 2.3.2 --- Subspace Method --- p.15
Chapter 2.3.3 --- Partial Search Method --- p.16
Chapter 2.3.4 --- Fixation --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.5 --- Region Alignment --- p.17
Chapter 2.3.6 --- Linearity and Divergence Properties of Optical Flows --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.7 --- Constraint Lines and Collinear Points --- p.18
Chapter 2.3.8 --- Multi-Camera Rig --- p.19
Chapter 2.3.9 --- Discussion --- p.21
Chapter 2.4 --- Determining Egomotion Using Direct Methods --- p.22
Chapter 2.4.1 --- Introduction --- p.22
Chapter 2.4.2 --- Classical Methods --- p.23
Chapter 2.4.3 --- Pattern Matching --- p.24
Chapter 2.4.4 --- Search Subspace Method --- p.25
Chapter 2.4.5 --- Histogram-Based Method --- p.26
Chapter 2.4.6 --- Multi-Camera Rig --- p.26
Chapter 2.4.7 --- Discussion --- p.27
Chapter 2.5 --- Determining Egomotion Using Feature Correspondences --- p.28
Chapter 2.6 --- Hand-Eye Calibration --- p.30
Chapter 2.7 --- Summary --- p.31
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Determining Motion from Monocular Camera Using Merely the Positive Depth Constraint --- p.32
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.32
Chapter 3.2 --- Related Works --- p.33
Chapter 3.3 --- Background --- p.34
Chapter 3.3 --- Apparent Flow Positive Depth (AFPD) Constraint --- p.39
Chapter 3.4 --- Numerical Solution to AFPD Constraint --- p.40
Chapter 3.5 --- Constrained Coarse-to-Fine Searching --- p.40
Chapter 3.6 --- Experimental Results --- p.43
Chapter 3.7 --- Conclusion --- p.47
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Determining Motion from Monocular Camera Using Direction and Magnitude of Normal Flows Separately --- p.48
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.48
Chapter 4.2 --- Related Works --- p.50
Chapter 4.3 --- Apparent Flow Direction (AFD) Constraint --- p.51
Chapter 4.3.1 --- The Special Case: Pure Translation --- p.51
Chapter 4.3.1.1 --- Locus of Translation Using Full Flow as a Constraint --- p.51
Chapter 4.3.1.2 --- Locus of Translation Using Normal Flow as a Constraint --- p.53
Chapter 4.3.2 --- The Special Case: Pure Rotation --- p.54
Chapter 4.3.2.1 --- Locus of Rotation Using Full Flow as a Constraint --- p.54
Chapter 4.3.2.2 --- Locus of Rotation Using Normal Flow as a Constraint --- p.54
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Solving the System of Linear Inequalities for the Two Special Cases --- p.55
Chapter 4.3.5 --- Ambiguities of AFD Constraint --- p.59
Chapter 4.4 --- Apparent Flow Magnitude (AFM) Constraint --- p.60
Chapter 4.5 --- Putting the Two Constraints Together --- p.63
Chapter 4.6 --- Experimental Results --- p.65
Chapter 4.6.1 --- Simulation --- p.65
Chapter 4.6.2 --- Video Data --- p.67
Chapter 4.6.2.1 --- Pure Translation --- p.67
Chapter 4.6.2.2 --- General Motion --- p.68
Chapter 4.7 --- Conclusion --- p.72
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Determining Motion from Multi-Cameras with Non-Overlapping Visual Fields --- p.73
Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.73
Chapter 5.2 --- Related Works --- p.75
Chapter 5.3 --- Background --- p.76
Chapter 5.3.1 --- Image Sphere --- p.77
Chapter 5.3.2 --- Planar Case --- p.78
Chapter 5.3.3 --- Projective Transformation --- p.79
Chapter 5.4 --- Constraint from Normal Flows --- p.80
Chapter 5.5 --- Approximation of Spherical Eye by Multiple Cameras --- p.81
Chapter 5.6 --- Recovery of Motion Parameters --- p.83
Chapter 5.6.1 --- Classification of a Pair of Normal Flows --- p.84
Chapter 5.6.2 --- Classification of a Triplet of Normal Flows --- p.86
Chapter 5.6.3 --- Apparent Flow Separation (AFS) Constraint --- p.87
Chapter 5.6.3.1 --- Constraint to Direction of Translation --- p.87
Chapter 5.6.3.2 --- Constraint to Direction of Rotation --- p.88
Chapter 5.6.3.3 --- Remarks about the AFS Constraint --- p.88
Chapter 5.6.4 --- Extension of Apparent Flow Separation Constraint (EAFS) --- p.89
Chapter 5.6.4.1 --- Constraint to Direction of Translation --- p.90
Chapter 5.6.4.2 --- Constraint to Direction of Rotation --- p.92
Chapter 5.6.5 --- Solution to the AFS and EAFS Constraints --- p.94
Chapter 5.6.6 --- Apparent Flow Magnitude (AFM) Constraint --- p.96
Chapter 5.7 --- Experimental Results --- p.98
Chapter 5.7.1 --- Simulation --- p.98
Chapter 5.7.2 --- Real Video --- p.103
Chapter 5.7.2.1 --- Using Feature Correspondences --- p.108
Chapter 5.7.2.2 --- Using Optical Flows --- p.108
Chapter 5.7.2.3 --- Using Direct Methods --- p.109
Chapter 5.8 --- Conclusion --- p.111
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Motion and Shape from Binocular Camera System: An Extension of AFD and AFM Constraints --- p.112
Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.112
Chapter 6.2 --- Related Works --- p.112
Chapter 6.3 --- Recovery of Camera Motion Using Search Subspaces --- p.113
Chapter 6.4 --- Correspondence-Free Stereo Vision --- p.114
Chapter 6.4.1 --- Determination of Full Translation Using Two 3D Lines --- p.114
Chapter 6.4.2 --- Determination of Full Translation Using All Normal Flows --- p.115
Chapter 6.4.3 --- Determination of Full Translation Using a Geometrical Method --- p.117
Chapter 6.5 --- Experimental Results --- p.119
Chapter 6.5.1 --- Synthetic Image Data --- p.119
Chapter 6.5.2 --- Real Scene --- p.120
Chapter 6.6 --- Conclusion --- p.122
Chapter Chapter 7 --- Motion and Shape from Binocular Camera System: A Closed-Form Solution for Motion Determination --- p.123
Chapter 7.1 --- Introduction --- p.123
Chapter 7.2 --- Related Works --- p.124
Chapter 7.3 --- Background --- p.125
Chapter 7.4 --- Recovery of Camera Motion Using a Linear Method --- p.126
Chapter 7.4.1 --- Region-Correspondence Stereo Vision --- p.126
Chapter 7.3.2 --- Combined with Epipolar Constraints --- p.127
Chapter 7.4 --- Refinement of Scene Depth --- p.131
Chapter 7.4.1 --- Using Spatial and Temporal Constraints --- p.131
Chapter 7.4.2 --- Using Stereo Image Pairs --- p.134
Chapter 7.5 --- Experiments --- p.136
Chapter 7.5.1 --- Synthetic Data --- p.136
Chapter 7.5.2 --- Real Image Sequences --- p.137
Chapter 7.6 --- Conclusion --- p.143
Chapter Chapter 8 --- Hand-Eye Calibration Using Normal Flows --- p.144
Chapter 8.1 --- Introduction --- p.144
Chapter 8.2 --- Related Works --- p.144
Chapter 8.3 --- Problem Formulation --- p.145
Chapter 8.3 --- Model-Based Brightness Constraint --- p.146
Chapter 8.4 --- Hand-Eye Calibration --- p.147
Chapter 8.4.1 --- Determining the Rotation Matrix R --- p.148
Chapter 8.4.2 --- Determining the Direction of Position Vector T --- p.149
Chapter 8.4.3 --- Determining the Complete Position Vector T --- p.150
Chapter 8.4.4 --- Extrinsic Calibration of a Multi-Camera Rig --- p.151
Chapter 8.5 --- Experimental Results --- p.151
Chapter 8.5.1 --- Synthetic Data --- p.151
Chapter 8.5.2 --- Real Image Data --- p.152
Chapter 8.6 --- Conclusion --- p.153
Chapter Chapter 9 --- Conclusion and Future Work --- p.154
Related Publications --- p.158
Bibliography --- p.159
Appendix --- p.166
Chapter A --- Apparent Flow Direction Constraint --- p.166
Chapter B --- Ambiguity of AFD Constraint --- p.168
Chapter C --- Relationship between the Angle Subtended by any two Flow Vectors in Image Plane and the Associated Flow Vectors in Image Sphere --- p.169

The “laws of King Cotton,” wrote Richard Wright in the midst of the Popular Front–era, “rule our lives” (38). True to a materialist motif, 12 Million Black Voices told the story (in picture and in prose) of the lives of a black working folk. “Black lives matter” was essentially the argument Wright made more than a half a century before the phrase was popularized by a hashtag. But the pervasive focus on materialism set poor black experiences apart from mainstream American feeling even though Wright attempted to render visible the depths of black humanity....

“Unattended Affect” asks to which affects and archives we have not trustily attended. Engaging black studies and black political theology, most particularly in the work of Fred Moten and Kelly Brown Douglas, this concluding chapter draws a picture of how a political theology of the unredeemed might take shape when it gravely attends to the spaces of blackness unwilling to participate in the making proper on offer by white supremacy. Following the work of Moten, this chapter argues that it is in the unattended affects, those left open by the unpaid debt of whiteness to blackness, where a political theology of and for the unredeemed might take its most forceful shape. Surmising that it is in part our inability to sit with individual and collective guilt over these debts that stands in the way of societal transformation, in this conclusion grave attending is offered as a mode of witness and resistance to these sites of cheap and violent redemption.

A radical shift in the velocity and volume of general mobility was a sine qua non of mass emigration. The pre-existing shape of labour mobilities set the context for the emergence of mass emigration. The beginnings of mass emigration were located in the British Isles in the 1820s, but the scale of the discontinuity requires a measure of the circumstances before the change. Modern mass mobility erupted in the western world in the early nineteenth century, especially in Victorian times. The case of Alexander Somerville in Scotland provides a standard pattern for mobility in the transitional age. English historians have long identified an array of categories of mobility in the pre-modern population, some long-distance, some seasonal, some local and circulatory. A composite picture has emerged which emphasises the essential fluidity of the population before industrialisation, of people in localised motion and perhaps increasingly so.

THIS CHAPTER seeks to present a comparative examination of the film industries in Hungary and Poland from the invention of the first motion picture cameras in the 1890s up to and including the Second World War, and the important role played in this industry by Jews from both countries. Throughout the period, Hungary had a vibrant film industry, yet, from the end of the First World War, each successive government tried to politicize and shape it. In Poland, government interference was less intrusive until the late 1930s, and Jews continued to play an important role in the film industry until the German invasion in September 1939. Nevertheless calls were made to limit the role of Jews. Even though the history of filmmaking in the two countries was very different, there still remain some interesting historical comparisons to be explored. In particular, this chapter will examine the Hungarian Theatre and Film Chamber (A SzínműVészeti és a Filmművészeti Kamara), established in 1938 by the regime of Miklós Horthy in order to limit the number of Jews working in the film business in Hungary....

The nervous system is an integrating system which acts rapidly by transmitting signals as electrical impulses over often considerable distances to coordinate bodily activities. The brain and spinal cord make up the central nervous system (CNS); incoming information travels in ascending (sensory) tracts that link the spinal cord to the brain and outgoing information passes down descending (motor) tracts linking the brain to the spinal cord. The CNS integrates responses to incoming information and sends the information to effector tissues (usually striated or smooth muscles or glands). Incoming and outgoing information is carried to and from the periphery to the CNS via 12 pairs of cranial nerves connected to the brain and 31 pairs of spinal nerves connected to the spinal cord; they constitute the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Sensory (afferent) information from the external environment is obtained through the organs of special sense in the eyes, ears, nose and tongue, and skin and mucosa lining bodily cavities: we are aware of these stimuli. Information from internal sources is equally important and vital for maintaining homeostasis, but we are usually Neurons are the basic cellular units of the nervous system. As the principal function of the nervous system is conduction of electrical signals over considerable distances, neurons are highly specialized for this f unction. Neurons have: • A specific shape with long cellular extensions; • Highly specialized membranes to control ionic movements to allow electrical activity to spread along the cellular extensions; • A very specialized internal transport system to distribute cellular metabolites along the processes. The general shape of neurons is shown in Figure 3.1. Note first of all, the relatively large cell body near the top of the picture; this contains the nucleus and the intracellular organelles necessary for synthetic functions so is similar to any other cell. What make neurons special are the long processes that emanate from the cell body. Dendrites are short multiple processes that branch extensively from and transmit impulses towards the cell body. Compare the dendrites in Figure 3.1 with the other process, the axon, which transmits impulses away from the cell body.

Before continuing to read this book, stop, place this volume back on the shelf and take a moment to look through the pages of an illustrated atlas of the world. At least half of this atlas will probably be given over to illustrating one of the dominant political ordering principles around which our world continues to be constructed and conceived—the nation-state. If your atlas is similar to ours, however, you will also notice that nation-states are not only represented and recognized according to their territorial shape and official political nomenclature. Skimming through the glossy colour pages of our atlas, a continual cross-referencing appears between the political, ecological, and geological motifs of nation-states. The political map of the US, for example, is surrounded by images of the forests of New England in the fall and the spectacular geological strata of the Grand Canyon. Turning the page you find an immediate association being made between Iceland and the volcanically heated Blue Lagoon Lake, the Bahamas and its golden sandy beaches, Belize and banana trees, Peru and the cloud-laden Andes. Further into the atlas the fjords are deployed as an icon for the Norwegian state, barren deserts are used to denote Western Sahara and Mauritania, and a dramatic picture of Victoria Falls is carefully positioned below a map of Zambia. These images are, of course, as with so much of what is routinely produced within the visualizations of state and nationhood, crude stereotypes of complex geographical entities. However, we want to argue that this collection of ecological and geological imagery does reveal an interesting relationship, a relationship that is central to the ways in which our worlds are constructed, ordered, and reproduced—the relationships between states and natures. This book is premised upon the exploration of a paradox. While contemporary discussions of global environmental change, trans-boundary biological communities, and systemic ecological threats routinely emphasize the irrelevance of state systems and boundaries as means for understanding and addressing questions of nature, everywhere you look nature is continually being ordered and framed by nation-states.

Abstract Animation display of the NC milling process is helpful for detecting potential problems of a cutter path prior to actual machining. In the milling animation, machined shape of the workpiece is repeatedly computed and displayed after every short motion of the cutter. A single cutter motion usually removes very small portion of the workpiece, therefore most part of two successive pictures in the animation becomes the same. Based on this characteristic of the pictures, the authors develop “partial redrawing technique” for fast and smooth animation of the NC milling process. This method efficiently generates a new picture of the workpiece by properly modifying a limited part of the latest picture in the screen. The picture area to modify is determined based on the removed shape of the workpiece. An experimental system is implemented and some animations of complex milling processes are demonstrated.

Abstract In this paper, we present a differential-geometric analysis of singularities of point trajectories of two and three-degree-of-freedom serial and parallel manipulators. At non-singular configurations, the first order local properties are characterized by the metric coefficients, and, geometrically, by the shape and size of a velocity ellipse and ellipsoid for two and three-degree-of-freedom motions respectively. At singular configurations, the definition of a metric is no longer valid and the velocity ellipsoid degenerates to an ellipse, a line or a point, and the area or the volume of the velocity ellipse or ellipsoid becomes zero. The second and higher order properties, such as curvature, are also not defined at a singularity. In this paper, we use the rate of change of the area or volume to characterize the singularities of the point trajectory. For parallel manipulators, singularities may lead to either loss or gain of one or more degrees-of-freedom. For loss of degree of freedom, the ellipsoid degenerates to an ellipse, a line, or a point as in serial manipulators. For a gain of degree-of-freedom the singularities can be pictured as growth to lines, ellipses, and ellipsoids. The method presented gives a clear geometric picture as to the possible directions and magnitude of motion at a singularity and the local geometry near a singularity. The theoretical results are illustrated with the help of a general spatial 2R manipulator and a three-degree-of-freedom RPSSPR-SPR parallel manipulator.

Heat transfer enhancement by the motion of the bubbles sliding along the heating surface are wildly reported by many researchers, thus it is of great importance to quantitatively investigate the characteristics of sliding bubbles. A visualization study of subcooled flow boiling of water in a vertical single face-heated narrow rectangular channel under a series of natural circulation working conditions was conducted. Pictures of the bubble sliding behaviors were captured by a high speed camera simultaneously with thermal data. A sequence of digital image processing algorithms were applied to the original picture to extract bubble shape and location information, which post-processing methods were adopted to obtain characteristic sliding parameters (including the distribution of the equivalent sliding bubble diameter and velocity, number density of the sliding bubbles). It is found that bubbles can be able to nucleate and grow while sliding on the heating plate after the ONB point; the bubble number density, average bubble sliding velocity and the average sliding diameter continue to increase along the test section; heat transfer in the flow channel are significantly enhanced along flow direction with relatively low local void fraction. The average bubble sliding velocity near the inlet is significantly smaller than the sectional average velocity of single-phase fluid of the flow channel, and then it exceeded near the outlet of the test section. The average bubble sliding velocity and diameter increase with increasing heat flux and decreeing local subcooling degree. The equivalent diameter of sliding bubbles and the bubble sliding velocity approximately follow normal distribution. The distribution of the bubble diameter and velocity both cover a wild range. The standard deviations of the probability density function of the sliding bubble diameter and velocity increase with increasing heat flux and decreasing subcooling degree.

Abstract We investigate a nonlinear Mathieu equation with diffusion and damping, using both perturbation theory and numerical integration. The perturbation results predict that for parameters which lie near the 2 : 1 resonance tongue of instability corresponding to a mode shape cos nx the resonant mode achieves a stable periodic motion, while all the other modes are predicted to decay to zero. By numerically integrating the p.d.e. as well as a 3-mode o.d.e. truncation, the predictions of perturbation theory are shown to represent an oversimplified picture of the dynamics. In particular it is shown that steady states exist which involve many modes. The dependence of steady state behavior on parameter values and initial conditions is investigated numerically.

Abstract The JCSM concept (short for Jackup Combined Semisubmersible Multifunction Platform) is a new type of semisubmersible platform presented by the first author, which overcomes the shortcomings of the available semisubmersible platforms, and combines the advantages of the traditional semisubmersible platform, the Jackup platform and the new FPSO concept - IQFP. Due to the complicated interaction between stability and hydrodynamic performance, it is necessary to explore the effect of geometrical parameters of the main body on the stability and hydrodynamic performance in order to obtain the optimal design plan of a JCSM platform. Firstly, the structure components and innovations of the JCSM were briefly reviewed in order to facilitate readers to understand its full picture. Then, six independent geometric parameters were selected by carefully studying the shape characteristics of the initial design plan of a JCSM study case. Furthermore, the stability heights and motion responses of various floating bodies of the JCSM case with different geometric parameters in wave were calculated using boundary element method based on potential flow theory. Lastly, effect of the shape parameters on stability and hydrodynamic performance of the JCSM was qualitatively evaluated. The research would shed lights on the shape design of the JCSM main body.

This paper provides updated information, with respect to that already given at the 2001 ASME-PVP Conference, on the Project MUSICA (Multimedia for the Development of Innovative Systems for Anti-Seismic Constructions). This project was jointly undertaken by the Italian Agency for New Technology, Energy and the Environment (ENEA) and other partners associated in the Italian Working Group on Seismic Isolation (GLIS) in May 2000, to contribute to information and training on the modern passive control techniques of seismic vibrations through a better, modern use of media. It consists in the development of a series of films of various durations on manufacturing, R&D and applications of the aforesaid techniques, namely seismic isolation, passive energy dissipation, hydraulic coupling by means of shock transmitters, systems formed by shape memory alloy devices, “active sewing” method for masonry buildings, etc. Films are addressed to designers, representatives of the Institutions and the ordinary public, as well. Most of them have already been completed. The short film “Advanced Tested Technology for Earthquakes” (that developed for ENEA within the MUSICA Project) will be shown at the Symposium, together with (if possible) the motion-picture “The Shapes of Memory”.

The production metrology of today is still dominated by tactile probing systems. However some special metrological tasks cannot be fulfilled by this technique, one example is in the high precision manufacturing of surfaces and structures, which become ultra-miniaturized, complex and fragile. The inspection of small boreholes and cavities is also an example with very tight tolerances which demands non-contact miniaturized sensors. Particularly the measurement of the shape of spray holes in modern fuel injection nozzles for diesel engines fits this statement, as its shape represents the key factor for maximal motor efficiency, as well as minimal pollutant emissions. Any deviation from its design shape significantly affects spray breakup and can lead to unequal distribution of flow and pressure changes. These holes can have diameter of 150 microns, with a tendency to even smaller diameters in future systems. Within this work the integration of a fiber optic sensor for distance measurements in measuring machines, specifically for borehole inspection, is described. The used device is a form-tester (Mahr GmbH, MMQ-400) with 3 degrees of freedom. The motion of the machine axis will be controlled with help of image processing operation which are based on pictures taken from the specimen’s top surface. For this mean a micro camera will be mounted on the form-tester. By applying in-house developed MATLAB codes, the exact position of the boreholes and that of the fiber optic probe is obtained, so that an automated positioning and measurement (e.g. round-out and roundness tests) could be performed. This process enhances both the precision due to an optimized sensor positioning and speed of the measurement rather than manual execution. Different positioning scenarios will be discussed and compared in this paper, to prove the capability of the proposed system as well as its adaptivity.