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Journal articles on the topic 'Shafting – Fatigue'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Ning, Xin, Songlin Zheng, and Wenlong Xie. "Design principle of active load spectrum for shafting components in wheel hub reducer of electric vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 10 (October 3, 2018): 2546–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018800569.

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Design principle of active load spectrum is proposed for the lightweight design of shafting components. The characteristics of fatigue and the strengthening effect of low-amplitude load are conducted according to the material properties of the shafting components. The stress–life curve and three-dimensional surface of low-amplitude strengthening load are established for the life calculation of shafting components. Fast calculation method of working stress for variable size of shafting components is obtained considering the road cycle in Shanghai, the load spectrum is extrapolated, the torque working condition which is equivalent to load spectrum of 3000 km is achieved, and the fatigue damage and strengthening proportion of working stress spectrum of shafting components are adjusted, finally the minimum size of shafting components is designed to meet the requirement of service life. The design principle of active load spectrum can provide a new idea for the lightweight design of automotive components.

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2

Loewenthal, S. H. "Factors That Affect the Fatigue Strength of Power Transmission Shafting and Their Impact on Design." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260768.

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A long-standing objective in the design of power transmission shafting is to eliminate excess shaft material without compromising operational reliability. A shaft design method is presented which accounts for variable amplitude loading histories and their influence on limited life designs. The effects of combined bending and torsional loading are considered, along with a number of application factors known to influence the fatigue strength of shafting materials. Among the factors examined are surface condition, size, stress concentration, residual stress, and corrosion fatigue.

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3

Song, Myeong-Ho, Xuan Duong Pham, and Quang Dao Vuong. "Torsional Vibration Stress and Fatigue Strength Analysis of Marine Propulsion Shafting System Based on Engine Operation Patterns." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 8 (August 16, 2020): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8080613.

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Modern merchant ships use marine propulsion systems equipped with an ultra-long-stroke diesel engine that directly drives a large slow-turning propeller. Such systems use fewer cylinders and generate greater power at slower shaft speeds, which affords improved propulsion performance as well as low repair and maintenance costs. However, this also results in higher torsional vibrations, which can lead to the fatigue of the shafting system. Tests performed on various marine propulsion systems with 5- to 7-cylinder engines have shown that engines with fewer cylinders exhibit a correspondingly wider barred speed range (BSR) and higher torsional vibration stresses. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the optimal engine operation patterns required to quickly pass the BSR with smaller torsional vibration. In this study, we carried out a series of BSR passage experiments during actual sea trials to evaluate the intermediate shaft performance under different engine operation patterns. The fractional damage accumulations due to transient torsional vibration stresses were calculated to estimate the fatigue lifetime of the shafting system. Our analysis results show that the torsional fatigue damage during BSR decelerations are small and negligible; however, the fractional damage during accelerations is a matter of concern. Our study determines the optimal main engine operation pattern for quick passage through the BSR with the smallest torsional vibration amplitudes and the least fractional damage accumulation, which can therefore extend the fatigue lifetime of the entire propulsion shafting system. Based on this analysis, we also suggest the optimum engine pattern for safe BSR passage.

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4

Bovsunovskii, A. P. "Assessment of fatigue damage in steam turbine shafting due to torsional vibrations." Strength of Materials 43, no. 5 (September 2011): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11223-011-9318-5.

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5

Legaz, María José, Sergio Amat, and Sonia Busquier. "Marine Propulsion Shafting: A Study of Whirling Vibrations." Journal of Ship Research 65, no. 01 (March 17, 2021): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/josr.05180022.

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Whirling vibration is an important part of the calculations of the design of a marine shaft. In fact, all classification societies require a propulsion shafting whirling vibration calculation giving the range of critical speeds, i.e., free whirling vibration calculation. However, whirling vibration is a source of fatigue failure of the bracket and aft stern tube bearings, destruction of high-speed shafts with universal joints, noise, and hull vibrations. There are numerous uncertainties in the calculation of whirling vibration, namely, in the shafting system modeling and in the determination of excitement and damping forces. Moreover, whirling vibration calculation mathematics is much more complex than torsional or axial calculations. The marine propulsion shaft can be studied as a selfsustained vibration system, which can be modeled using the Van der Pol equation. In this document, a new way to solve the Van der pol equation is presented. The proposed method, based on a variational approach without local minima extra to the solution, converges for whatever initial point and parameter in the Van der Pol equation.

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6

Liu, Chao, Dongxiang Jiang, Jie Chen, and Jingming Chen. "Torsional vibration and fatigue evaluation in repairing the worn shafting of the steam turbine." Engineering Failure Analysis 26 (December 2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2012.06.001.

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7

Kim, Yang-Gon, Kwon-Hae Cho, and Ue-Kan Kim. "Fatigue assessment of the propulsion shafting system in eco-ships with an engine acceleration problem." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Engineering 41, no. 5 (June 30, 2017): 418–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2017.41.5.418.

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8

Bovsunovskii, A. P. "Asynchronous Connection of a Turbine Generator to the Mains as a Factor of Fatigue Damage of Steam Turbine Shafting." Strength of Materials 46, no. 6 (November 2014): 810–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11223-014-9615-x.

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9

Li, Zhongyi, Shiji Tian, Yefei Zhang, Hui Li, and Min Lu. "Active Control of Drive Chain Torsional Vibration for DFIG-Based Wind Turbine." Energies 12, no. 9 (May 8, 2019): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12091744.

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Due to the fast electric control of the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) when experiencing power grid disturbance or turbulent wind, the flexible drive chain of the wind turbine (WT) generates long-term torsional vibration, which shortens the service life of the drive chain. The torsional vibration causes fatigue damage of the gearbox and affects power generation. In this paper, a two-channel active damping control measure is proposed. The strategy forms a new WT electromagnetic torque reference value through two channels: one is a proportion integration differentiation (PID) damping term with frequency difference, which is used to reduce torsional vibration caused by frequency difference between fan and shafting; the other adopts the torsional vibration angle (θs) as the feedback signal, and an additional damping term is formed by bandpass filter (BPF) and trap filter (BRF). The strategy can increase the electromagnetic torque and suppress the torsional vibration of the drive chain. Finally, modeling and simulation using MATLAB/Simulink show that the method can effectively suppress the torsional vibration of the drive chain without affecting power generation.

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10

Kim, Eui Soo, and Byung Min Kim. "Study of Design and Evaluation of Drum Assembly for High Speed Dehydration in Washing Machine." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 1297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.1297.

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Because customers are requiring front-loaded washing machine to handle big capacity laundry and have faster rotation speed to increase drying ability, there are being a lot of studies for achievement of high speed dehydration, high-strength and lightweight of washing machine in the latest washing machine business. It is essential that strength of Drum Assembly which is composed of spin drum, shaft, flange is improved to attain that target. In term of spin drum, it is difficult to realize joint strength required at high speed operation because joint strength of mechanical press-joining method is low remarkably in comparison with welding. Also in case of shaft system, stress from bending and twisting are complexly loaded onto the shaft supporting the horizontal drum, causing problems in fracture strength and fatigue life. The results of this study show optimal joining condition for mechanical press-joining by performing lots of tensile joining strength test with various specimen under multi-change of important design factor such as seaming width, bead area and bead depth etc. and the optimal design of shafting system for big capacity, high-rotation drying through strength analysis, experiment and evaluation.

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11

Jee, Jaehoon, Chongmin Kim, and Yanggon Kim. "Design Improvement of a Viscous-Spring Damper for Controlling Torsional Vibration in a Propulsion Shafting System with an Engine Acceleration Problem." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8060428.

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In order to cope with strengthened marine environmental regulations and to reduce fuel consumption, recently constructed vessels are equipped with an ultra-long stroke engine and apply engine de-rating technology. This was intended to improve propulsion efficiency by adopting a larger diameter propeller turning at a lower speed but also results in a significant increase in the torsional exciting force. Therefore, it is very difficult to control the torsional vibration of its shaft system by adopting a damper, for ships equipped with fuel-efficient ultra-long-stroke engines, even though previously, torsional vibration could be controlled adequately by applying tuning and turning wheels on the engine. In this paper, the vibration characteristics of an ultra-long-stroke engine using the de-rating technology are reviewed and dynamic characteristics of a viscous-spring damper used to control the torsional vibration of its shaft system are also examined. In case of ships have recently experienced an engine acceleration problem in the critical zone, it is proposed that the proper measures for controlling torsional vibration in the propulsion shafting system should include adjusting the design parameters of its damper instead of using the optimum damper designed from theory in order to prevent fatigue fracture of shafts.

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12

Tucker, Abe. "Discussion: “Factors That Affect the Fatigue Strength of Power Transmission Shafting and Their Impact on Design” (Loewenthal, S. H., 1986, ASME J. Mech. Transm. Autom. Des., 108, pp. 106–114)." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260770.

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13

Diaz de Sandi, J. A. "Discussion: “Factors That Affect the Fatigue Strength of Power Transmission Shafting and Their Impact on Design” (Loewenthal, S. H., 1986, ASME J. Mech. Transm. Autom. Des., 108, pp. 106–114)." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260771.

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14

Borchardt, H. A. "Discussion: “Factors That Affect the Fatigue Strength of Power Transmission Shafting and Their Impact on Design” (Loewenthal, S. H., 1986, ASME J. Mech. Transm. Autom. Des., 108, pp. 106–114)." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260772.

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15

Loewenthal, S. H. "Closure to “Discussions of ‘Factors That Affect the Fatigue Strength of Power Transmission Shafting and Their Impact on Design’” (1986, ASME J. Mech. Transm. Autom. Des., 108, pp. 115–118)." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3260773.

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16

Aleksandrov, Anatoliy V., and Trifon R. Rybalko. "Numerical simulation of transient processes in propeller shaft straining under ice loads." Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 4, no. 394 (November 25, 2020): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2020-4-394-70-75.

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Object and purpose of research. The object of the research is the shaftline of an icebreaker and ice-going vessels, the purpose is to develop an algorithm for determining the loads for calculating the strength of the shafts of icebreakers and icegoing vessels under ice loads in a nonlinear dynamic setting and determining the dynamic magnification factor. Materials and methods. The study is based on finite element method (FEM). Main results. As a result of numerical analysis, the magnification factors of ice loads acting on the propeller shaft when vessel moves in an ice field up to 4 m thick are investigated. Conclusion. The research results can be used to calculate the fatigue strength of the icebreakers and ice-going vessels shaftlines.

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17

"LARGE-SCALE TORSIONAL FATIGUE TESTING OF MARINE SHAFTING." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 62, no. 1 (March 18, 2009): 185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1950.tb02686.x.

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18

"TOUGHMET 3." Alloy Digest 50, no. 7 (July 1, 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.ad.cu0670.

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Abstract ToughMet 3 is a Cu-15Ni-8Sn alloy. ToughMet is a line of spinoidal alloys for bearings capable of performing with a variety of shafting materials and lubricants. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion and wear resistance as well as machining. Filing Code: CU-670. Producer or source: Brush Wellman Inc.

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19

"CARPENTER NIMARK 300." Alloy Digest 36, no. 2 (February 1, 1987). http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.ad.sa0423.

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Abstract CARPENTER NIMARK 300 is a vacuum-melted, low-carbon nickel-cobalt-molybdenum maraging steel that develops yield strengths in excess of 270,000 psi (1862 MPa) by simple low-temperature aging at 900 F (482 C) following a solution anneal. It is readily weldable and exhibits good ductility at high strength levels and excellent notch ductility. Its many uses include aircraft structural assemblies, pressure vessels, shafting, bolts and fasteners, and rocket motor cases. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-423. Producer or source: Carpenter.

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20

"AISI 4147." Alloy Digest 35, no. 5 (May 1, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.ad.sa0419.

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Abstract AISI 4147 is a medium-carbon alloys steel with relatively high hardenability. It has good resistance to abrasion, fatigue and impact and is recommended for moderately severe service. It is an oil-hardening grade; however, it may be water hardened if suitable precautions are taken to minimize the danger of cracking during quenching. It has a relatively low tendency for the development of temper embrittlement during tempering in the range 850-1 100 H. Typical applications comprise gears, shafting, machine-tool parts, clutch parts and connecting rods. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: SA-419. Producer or source: Alloy steel mills and foundries.

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21

"TOUGHMET 2." Alloy Digest 62, no. 5 (May 1, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.ad.cu0724.

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Abstract ToughMet 2 is a high performance, wrought, heat treatable, lead-free strip Cu-Ni alloy that imparts superior mechanical performance and high thermal stability to plain bearing applications. Parts are easily formed and they can be machined either before or after heat treatment. ToughMet alloys are a line of spinodal hardened Cu-Ni anti-galling alloys for bearings capable of performing with a variety of shafting materials and lubricants. The alloys combine a high lubricity with wear resistance in these severe loading conditions. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming and machining. Filing Code: Cu-724. Producer or source: Materion Brush Performance Alloys. Originally published September 2004, revised May 2013.

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