Journal articles on the topic 'Shadow casting'

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1

Phillips, Maha Khan. "Shadow Casting." CFA Institute Magazine 26, no. 4 (July 2015): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2469/cfm.v26.n4.8.

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2

Supan, Peter, Ines Stuppacher, and Michael Haller. "Image Based Shadowing in Real-Time Augmented Reality." International Journal of Virtual Reality 5, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/ijvr.2006.5.3.2692.

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This work presents an approach to render appropriate shadows with Image Based Lighting in Augmented Reality applications. To approximate the result of environment lighting and shadowing, the system uses a dome of shadow casting light sources. The color of each shadow is determined by the area of the environment behind the casting light source. As a result it is possible that changes in the lighting conditions immidiately affect the shadow casting of virtual objects on real objects
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3

Cowley, Sue. "Casting a shadow." Early Years Educator 22, no. 8 (March 2, 2021): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eyed.2021.22.8.14.

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The pandemic has hit disadvantaged families particularly hard and the rise of domestic abuse in lockdown has been described by the UN as a ‘shadow pandemic’. Sue Cowley analyses the wider implications for children's education and well-being, and what practitioners need to consider.
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4

Layton, Jeffrey C., Lakin Wecker, Adam Runions, and Faramarz F. Samavati. "Cloud Shadow Detection via Ray Casting with Probability Analysis Refinement Using Sentinel-2 Satellite Data." Remote Sensing 15, no. 16 (August 10, 2023): 3955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15163955.

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Analysis of aerial images provided by satellites enables continuous monitoring and is a central component of many applications, including precision farming. Nonetheless, this analysis is often impeded by the presence of clouds and cloud shadows, which obscure the underlying region of interest and introduce incorrect values that bias analysis. In this paper, we outline a method for cloud shadow detection, and demonstrate our method using Canadian farmland data obtained from the Sentinel-2 satellite. Our approach builds on other object-based cloud and cloud shadow detection methods that generate preliminary shadow candidate masks which are refined by matching clouds to their respective shadows. We improve on these components by using ray-casting and inverse texture mapping methods to quickly identify cloud shadows, allowing for the immediate removal of false positives during image processing. Leveraging our ray-casting-based approach, we further improve our results by implementing a probability analysis based on the cloud probability layer provided by the Sentinel-2 satellite to account for missed shadow pixels. An evaluation of our method using the average producer (82.82%) and user accuracy (75.55%) both show a marked improvement over the performance of other object-based methods. Methodologically, our work demonstrates how incorporating probability analysis as a post-processing step can improve the generation of shadow masks.
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5

Bayliff, Claudia J., and Cynthia Carosella. "Casting a Long Shadow." Women's Review of Books 12, no. 8 (May 1995): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4022072.

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6

Mora, Jorge Tordera, Xiaohua Feng, and Liang Gao. "Photoacoustic shadow-casting microscopy." Optics Letters 44, no. 15 (August 1, 2019): 3897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.003897.

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7

Spinney, Laura. "Casting a long shadow." Nature 439, no. 7072 (January 2006): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/439021a.

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8

Jutamulia, Suganda, and George Storti. "Noncoded shadow-casting logic array." Applied Optics 28, no. 21 (November 1, 1989): 4517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.004517.

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9

Levick;, W. R. "Blood Vessels Casting a Shadow." Science 299, no. 5615 (March 28, 2003): 1983–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.299.5615.1983.

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10

Norman, J. Farley, Thomas E. Dawson, and Shane R. Raines. "The Perception and Recognition of Natural Object Shape from Deforming and Static Shadows." Perception 29, no. 2 (February 2000): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p2994.

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In this study of the informativeness of shadows for the perception of object shape, observers viewed shadows cast by a set of natural solid objects and were required to discriminate between them. In some conditions the objects underwent rotation in depth while in other conditions they remained stationary, thus producing both deforming and static shadows. The orientation of the light source casting the shadows was also varied, leading to further alterations in the shape of the shadows. When deformations in the shadow boundary were present, the observers were able to reliably recognize and discriminate between the objects, invariant over the shadow distortions produced by movements of the light source. The recognition performance for the static shadows depended critically upon the content of the specific views that were shown. These results support the idea that there are invariant features of shadow boundaries that permit the recognition of shape (cf Koenderink, 1984 Perception13 321–330).
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11

Fink, Rita. "Inca Shadow Casting Observations in Cuzco." Journal for the History of Astronomy 39, no. 3 (August 2008): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182860803900305.

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12

Schneider, Friedrich. "Casting light on the shadow economy." New Scientist 195, no. 2611 (July 2007): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(07)61717-5.

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13

Magee, Ilene M., and Susan C. Whiston. "Casting No Shadow: Assessing Vocational Overshadowing." Journal of Career Assessment 18, no. 3 (April 15, 2010): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069072710364790.

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14

Allen, Bem P. "Shadows as Sources of Cues for Distance of Shadow-Casting Objects." Perceptual and Motor Skills 89, no. 2 (October 1999): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1999.89.2.571.

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15

Kersten, Daniel, Pascal Mamassian, and David C. Knill. "Moving Cast Shadows Induce Apparent Motion in Depth." Perception 26, no. 2 (February 1997): 171–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p260171.

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Phenomenally strong visual illusions are described in which the motion of an object‘s cast shadow determines the perceived 3-D trajectory of the object. Simply adjusting the motion of a shadow is sufficient to induce dramatically different apparent trajectories of the object casting the shadow. Psychophysical results obtained with the use of 3-D graphics are reported which show that: (i) the information provided by the motion of an object's shadow overrides other strong sources of information and perceptual biases, such as the assumption of constant object size and a general viewpoint; (ii) the natural constraint of shadow darkness plays a role in the interpretation of a moving image patch as a shadow, but under some conditions even unnatural light shadows can induce apparent motion in depth of an object; (iii) when shadow motion is caused by a moving light source, the visual system incorrectly interprets the shadow motion as consistent with a moving object, rather than a moving light source. The results support the hypothesis that the human visual system incorporates a stationary light-source constraint in the perceptual processing of spatial layout of scenes.
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16

Debes, John, Rebecca Nealon, Richard Alexander, Alycia J. Weinberger, Schuyler Grace Wolff, Dean Hines, Joel Kastner, et al. "The Surprising Evolution of the Shadow on the TW Hya Disk*." Astrophysical Journal 948, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acbdf1.

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Abstract We report new total-intensity visible-light high-contrast imaging of the TW Hya disk taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. This represents the first published images of the disk with STIS since 2016, when a moving shadow on the disk surface was reported. We continue to see the shadow moving in a counterclockwise fashion, but in these new images the shadow has evolved into two separate shadows, implying a change in behavior for the occulting structure. Based on radiative-transfer models of optically thick disk structures casting shadows, we infer that a plausible explanation for the change is that there are now two misaligned components of the inner disk. The first of these disks is located between 5 and 6 au with an inclination of 5.5° and position angle (PA) of 170°, and the second between 6 and 7 au with an inclination of 7° and PA of 50°. Finally, we speculate on the implications of the new shadow structure and determine that additional observations are needed to disentangle the nature of TW Hya’s inner-disk architecture.
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17

Hawkins, Jane. "Casting Light on the Shadow of Doubt." Science 294, no. 5542 (October 19, 2001): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1066252.

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The Science of Conjecture Evidence and Probability before Pascal. James Franklin. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2001. 511 pp. $55, £36.95. ISBN 0-8018-6569-7. Franklin offers a comprehensive survey of the literature of rational methods of dealing with uncertainty from ancient Egypt to Pascal and Fermat's development of the mathematics of probability in the mid-17th century.
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18

Martin, Mark. "Casting a long shadow in the classroom." RNA Biology 11, no. 3 (February 7, 2014): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/rna.28002.

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19

Raj, Kannan, Dennis W. Prather, Ravindra A. Athale, and Joseph N. Mait. "Performance analysis of optical shadow-casting correlators." Applied Optics 32, no. 17 (June 10, 1993): 3108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.32.003108.

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20

Li, Yao, George Eichmann, and R. R. Alfano. "Optical computing using hybrid encoded shadow casting." Applied Optics 25, no. 16 (August 15, 1986): 2636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.25.002636.

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21

Arrathoon, R., and S. Kozaitis. "Shadow Casting For Multiple-Valued Associative Logic." Optical Engineering 25, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 250129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.7973777.

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22

Laude, Vincent. "Diffraction analysis of pixelated incoherent shadow casting." Optics Communications 138, no. 4-6 (June 1997): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-4018(97)00088-6.

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23

Gudmundsson, Karl Sölvi, and Abdul Ahad S. Awwal. "Computer modeling of optical shadow-casting processor." Optics & Laser Technology 32, no. 6 (January 2000): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0030-3992(00)00101-8.

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24

Lin, Senmao, Shuqun Zhing, Caisheng Chen, Ruitang Liu, and Jie Wu. "Optical fuzzy logic array using shadow casting." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 5, no. 13 (December 1992): 659–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.4650051302.

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25

Meaden, G. Terence. "Stonehenge and Avebury: Megalithic shadow casting at the solstices at sunrise." Journal of Lithic Studies 4, no. 3 (November 15, 2017): 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/jls.v0i0.1920.

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The paper examines how specific megaliths at Stonehenge and Avebury were positioned relative to others and to particular sunrises such as to produce watchable effects arising from solar movement and resulting lithic shadows. At Stonehenge and environs numerous research expeditions (exceeding 120 that started in 1981) combined with accurate compass analysis, photography and studies of the best plans of the sarsen-stone and bluestone phases have led to explanations for apparent anomalies of stone positioning that have not been clarified before.Firstly, at the summer solstice in the Late Neolithic the Altar Stone was illuminated by sunshine for the first three or four minutes of the day, following which the shadow of the round-topped Heel Stone was cast into the middle of Stonehenge to reach the Altar Stone. This circumstance continues to be witnessed today. It is a consequence of the Heel Stone being deliberately offset from the Stonehenge axis of symmetry. Again, there is the offset positioning of the anomalous half-height, half-width, Stone 11 that disrupts the otherwise regular arc of the lintelled sarsen circle. It is also a fact that the Altar Stone, although on the midsummer sunrise axis and bisected by it, does not lie perpendicular to the monument’s axis but is instead angled lengthways in the direction of the winter solstice sunrise. The same is true of the orientation of the Great Trilithon (as recently discussed by T. Daw). This suggests that the Altar Stone and the Great Trilithon were deliberately positioned this way in order to respect and emphasise an older arrangement in which a midwinter sunrise megalithic setting had been important. Such an arrangement involving the winter solstice sunrise still exists because the shadow of the short round-topped Stone 11 at sunrise appears aimed at the rhyolite ignimbrite Bluestones 40 and 38 - both of which are damaged, fallen and possibly parts of a single original. In similar manner the site of Hole G could indicate the former position of an ancestral stone with regard to equinoctial sunrises. Thus, these shadow-casting experiences for sunrise at Stonehenge may have affinities with the proven stone-to-stone casting of shadows for the same significant calendar dates at the carefully examined Drombeg Stone Circle. At Avebury the stones of the Cove in the northern circle together with Avebury’s Stone F harmonize likewise at the summer solstice sunrise. Two surviving megaliths in Avebury’s southern circle behave similarly. It is discussed whether an explanation in terms of the ancient worldview of the hieros gamos between Sky and Earth may be appropriate for Stonehenge and Avebury as it could also be at Drombeg.
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26

Allen, Bem P. "Angles of Shadows as Cues for Judging the Distance of Shadow Casting Objects." Perceptual and Motor Skills 90, no. 3 (June 2000): 864–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2000.90.3.864.

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27

Goel, Rajeev K., and James W. Saunoris. "Casting a Long Shadow? Cross-border Spillovers of Shadow Economy across American States." Public Finance Review 44, no. 5 (May 18, 2015): 610–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091142115584815.

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28

Lages, Martin. "Casting a Shadow on the Ponzo Size illusion." Journal of Vision 21, no. 9 (September 27, 2021): 2306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.9.2306.

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29

Raj, Kannan, and Ravindra A. Athale. "Apodized pixel lenses in compact shadow-casting correlators." Applied Optics 34, no. 11 (April 10, 1995): 1951. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.34.001951.

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30

Karim, Mohammad A., Abdul Ahad S. Awwal, and Abdallah K. Cherri. "Polarization-encoded optical shadow-casting logic units: design." Applied Optics 26, no. 14 (July 15, 1987): 2720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.26.002720.

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31

Awwal, Abdul Ahad S., and Mohammad A. Karim. "Median filtering using polarization-encoded optical shadow casting." Applied Optics 28, no. 7 (April 1, 1989): 1436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.001436.

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32

Eger, Robert J. "Casting Light on Shadow Government: A Typological Approach." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 16, no. 1 (March 10, 2005): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mui040.

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33

Lin, Senmao, Itsuo Kumazawa, and Shuqun Zhang. "Optical fuzzy image processing based on shadow-casting." Optics Communications 94, no. 5 (December 1992): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(92)90582-c.

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34

Awwal, Abdul Ahad S., and Mohammad A. Karim. "Multiprocessor design using polarization-encoded optical shadow-casting." Applied Optics 29, no. 14 (May 10, 1990): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.29.002107.

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35

Mishra, Rajineesh K. "Optimum Shadow-Casting Illumination for Endoscopic Task Performance." Archives of Surgery 139, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.139.8.889.

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36

Awwal, A. A. S., and M. A. Karim. "Edge detection using polarization-encoded optical shadow-casting." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 1, no. 10 (December 1988): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.4650011008.

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37

Lim, Selina, and Chan Hoong Leong. "Casting the Shadow of our Past to Illuminate the Future of Singapore." International Journal of Social Science and Humanity 6, no. 5 (May 2016): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijssh.2016.v6.666.

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38

Kisch, Sean. "Casting the Bigger Shadow: The Methods and Business of Petrucci vs. Attaingnant." Musical Offerings 7, no. 2 (2016): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15385/jmo.2016.7.2.2.

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39

Partyka, Jacek. "Casting a shadow backwards and forwards: the para-holocaust fiction of Charles Reznikoff, Isaac Bashevis Singer and Bernrd Malamud." Kultura Popularna 1, no. 50 (September 10, 2017): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4075.

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40

Meaden, G. Terence. "Drombeg Stone Circle, Ireland, analyzed with respect to sunrises and lithic shadow-casting for the eight traditional agricultural festival dates and further validated by photography." Journal of Lithic Studies 4, no. 3 (November 15, 2017): 5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/jls.v0i0.1919.

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A new survey of Drombeg Stone Circle and accurate analysis of shadow effects beginning at particular sunrises of the calendar year has led to a breakthrough in the understanding of lithic symbolism and the intentions behind the construction of this and other Irish monuments including Knowth and Newgrange that also have astronomical alignments. At Drombeg specific standing stones play critical roles at sunrise for all eight of the festival dates as known traditionally and historically for agricultural communities and as now inferred for prehistoric times following the present observation-based analysis.Crucial for Drombeg in the summer half of the year is the positioning of a tall straight-sided portal stone such that its shadow at midsummer sunrise encounters an engraving on the recumbent stone diametrically opposite. During subsequent minutes the shadow moves away allowing the light of the sun to fall on the carved symbol. It is the same for sunrises at Beltane (May Day), Lughnasadh (Lammas), and the equinoxes when shadows from other perimeter stones achieve the same coupling with the same image, each time soon replaced by sunlight. For the winter half of the year which includes dates for Samhain, the winter solstice and Imbolc, the target stone for shadow reception at sunrise is a huge lozenge-shaped megalith, artificially trimmed. Moreover, for 22 March and 21 September there is notable dramatic action by shadow and light between a precisely positioned narrow pillar stone and the lozenge stone.As a result, at sunrise at Drombeg eight calendrical shadow events have been witnessed and photographed. This attests to the precision of Neolithic planning that determined the stone positions, and demonstrates the antiquity of the calendar dates for these traditional agricultural festivals. Discussion is held as to what the concept of shadow casting between shaped or engraved stones at the time of sunrise may have meant in terms of lithic symbolism for the planners and builders. This leads to a possible explanation in terms of the ancient worldview known as the hieros gamos or the Marriage of the Gods between Sky and Earth.
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41

Hao, Li Feng, Ji Zhou, Bo Li, and Long Tu Li. "Fabricating Metal Patterned Ceramic Substance by Tape-Casting." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 757–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.757.

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Tape-casting technology is introduced to fabricate metal-arrayes patterned ceramic substance containing periodic multilayer silver wire structure in the low dielectric constant ceramic matrix for microvave bandgap materials and left hand material application. One important advantage of the metal patterned ceramic substance comparing with the periodic structures fabricated on the printed circuit boards (PCB) using a shadow mask/etching technique is that complex multilayer structure can be designed and fabricated in the ceramic body as well as on the surface by the tape-casting process, while the shadow mask/etching technique technology can only design patterns on the surface of printed circuit boards. An Hp8720ES network analyzer was used to measure the transmission properties of the metal patterned ceramic substance. The experimental result shows some novel properties at X-band microwave frequencies. The metal patterned ceramic substance can be used in the microwave communication, such as microwave antenna.
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42

Bauer, George. "Experimental Shadow Casting and the Early History of Perspective." Art Bulletin 69, no. 2 (June 1987): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3051018.

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43

Bauer, George. "Experimental Shadow Casting and the Early History of Perspective." Art Bulletin 69, no. 2 (June 1987): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00043079.1987.10788420.

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44

Fyath, R. S., S. A. Ali, and M. S. Alam. "Four-operand parallel optical computing using shadow-casting technique." Optics & Laser Technology 37, no. 3 (April 2005): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2004.04.006.

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45

Zhang, Shuqun, Senmao Lin, and Caisheng Cheng. "Optical fuzzy vector-matrix composition operation using shadow-casting." Optics Communications 94, no. 6 (December 1992): 497–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(92)90593-g.

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46

Cluff, KennethW. "Fast shadow-casting using a scanline Z-buffer approach." Journal of Molecular Graphics 10, no. 1 (March 1992): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0263-7855(92)80025-9.

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47

Amin, Mohammad, and Cedric Okou. "Casting a shadow: Productivity of formal firms and informality." Review of Development Economics 24, no. 4 (July 17, 2020): 1610–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12697.

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48

Jutamulia, Suganda, and George Storti. "Incoherent optical interconnects (perfect shuffle) based on shadow casting." Applied Optics 28, no. 20 (October 15, 1989): 4262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.28.004262.

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49

Lu, David W., Renee M. Kent, John M. Terhove, Mohammad A. Karim, and Abdul Ahad S. Awwal. "Polarization-encoded optical shadow casting: design of trinary multipliers." Applied Optics 29, no. 35 (December 10, 1990): 5242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.29.005242.

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50

Gardiner, R. B., R. J. Smith, and A. W. Day. "Combined negative stain - shadow casting for TEM whole mounts." Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 2, no. 4 (1985): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060020408.

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