Relevant bibliographies by topics / Shabazz

Academic literature on the topic 'Shabazz'

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Published: 26 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Shabazz"

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Shabazz, Rashad. "Shabazz response to Noxolo." cultural geographies 28, no. 3 (May 17, 2021): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14744740211012008.

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Bush, Elizabeth. "X by Ilyasah Shabazz." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 68, no. 6 (2015): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2015.0154.

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Kelly, Maureen. "“O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz”." International Journal of Civic, Political, and Community Studies 10, no. 4 (2013): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2327-0047/cgp/v10i04/58260.

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Felber, Garrett A. "James 67X Shabazz Oral History (2007)." Souls 12, no. 2 (June 2010): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10999941003784946.

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Burrows. "El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz or Malcolm X." Journal of Africana Religions 3, no. 1 (2015): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrireli.3.1.0031.

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Bush, Elizabeth. "The Awakening of Malcolm X by Ilyasah Shabazz." Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books 74, no. 4 (2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bcc.2020.0867.

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Hollingshaus, Wade. "iNNOCENCE + eXPERIENCE TOUR: U2 by Stufish Entertainment Architects, and: Lese Majesty: Shabazz Palaces by Shabazz Palaces, and: Piece by Piece: Kelly Clarkson by Leroy Bennett." Theatre Journal 68, no. 2 (2016): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tj.2016.0062.

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Mitchelson, Matthew L. "Rashad Shabazz, Spatializing Blackness: Architectures of Confinement and Black Masculinity in Chicago." Punishment & Society 20, no. 3 (July 19, 2016): 398–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516660771.

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Wright, Willie Jamaal. "Spatializing Blackness: Architectures of Confinement and Black Masculinity in Chicago by Rashad Shabazz." Southeastern Geographer 56, no. 3 (2016): 374–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sgo.2016.0040.

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Morrow, John Andrew. "Reimagining Malcolm X." American Journal of Islam and Society 33, no. 3 (July 1, 2016): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v33i3.921.

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At 84-pages, Reimagining Malcolm X: Street Thinker Versus Homo Academicusby Seyed Javad Miri is more of a booklet than a book. In fact, like mostof the 40 books on sociology and religion published by this scholar, many ofwhich are self-published or released by subsidy publishers, it falls into thatawkward category between an essay that is too long and a book that is tooshort. Considering the fact that most university and independent academicpresses place profit and marketability before contribution to scholarship inthe field, the fact that ambitious and prolific academics seek to be proactiveand find alternate modes of sharing their scholarship should be commended.Consequently, scholars working in the field of sociology and religion shouldbe grateful to both Miri and the University Press of America for making thiswork on Malcolm X available to readers and researchers.Reimagining Malcolm X examines the significance of el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz as a social theorist by analyzing his views on race, academia, philosophy,and politics. The work is divided into four chapters: “Novel Strategiesof Interpretation,” “Undisciplinary Fields of Knowledge,” “Violence, Religion,and Extremism,” and “The Epic of America.”In chapter 1, Miri points out that “Malcolm X has not been appropriatedwithin the body of academic social sciences as he should have been” (p. 9).This is both obvious and intentional. It is heartening, however, to see thatinterest in Malcolm’s thoughts has extended to certain segments of Iranianacademia. As the author reveals, however, some Iranian scholars are reticentto see the value of Malcolmian theories and concepts (p. xi). Despite all ofits revolutionary rhetoric, the Islamic Republic of Iran has shown little interestin el-Hajj Malik el-Shabazz. On the contrary, it has preferred to invitehis nemesis Louis Farrakhan, a man who admits that he created the conditionsthat lead to Malcolm’s assassination, to preach at the seminary in Qum.Considering that the Iranian regime considers itself the bastion of Shi‘iteorthodoxy and cracks down on both political critics and practitioners oftaṣawwuf (‘irfān or Sufism), it is ironic that its leaders have promoted a manwho believes that W. D. Fard was the incarnation of Allah and that ElijahMuhammad, as opposed to Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah, was Allah’s final ...
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shabazz"

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Barreto, Carolina de Oliveira. "Narrativas da ”frátria imaginada” Ferréz, Sérgio Vaz, Dugueto Shabazz, Allan da Rosa." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5404.

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Esta dissertação se propõe a fazer um estudo da literatura brasileira contemporânea produzida a partir das periferias urbanas com ênfase nos autores Ferréz, Dugueto Shabazz, Sérgio Vaz e Allan da Rosa. Este trabalho baseia-se no desenvolvimento teórico do termo narrativa da “frátria imaginada”. Para isso, levantaram-se possíveis implicações políticas, estéticas, sociais, entre outras, que estariam inseridas nessa expressão. Inicialmente mapeou-se o conceito de “frátria imaginada”, de modo a investigar as relações entre as vozes que a constituíam. As discussões acerca da “frátria imaginada” foram feitas, principalmente, em relação às proposições dos seguintes autores: Benedict Anderson, Maria Rita Kehl, Silviano Santiago, Mikhail Bahktin e Édouard Glissant. Considerando as questões formuladas nessa etapa da dissertação, passou-se a discutir o conceito de narrativa, construído a partir da leitura de obras dos autores a seguir: Leandro Konder, Clifford Geertz, James Clifford, Walter Benjamin, Hayden White, Roger Chartier, Roland Barthes e Néstor Garcia Canclini. Finalmente, concluem-se as leituras, por meio de uma breve reflexão através da qual se articula a questão central deste trabalho, em função de sua contemporaneidade e dos deslocamentos que provoca.
This dissertation intends to do a study of contemporary Brazilian literature produced from urban peripheries with emphasis on the authors Ferréz, Dugueto Shabazz, Sérgio Vaz e Allan da Rosa. This work is based on the theoretical development of the term the narrative of "imagined phratry." In order to do this, we raised the possible aesthetic, social, political implications, among others that would be inserted in this expression. First, the concept of "imagined phratry" was mapped in order to investigate the relations between the voices that constituted it. The discussions on the "phratry imagined" were based on the propositions of the following authors: Anderson, Maria Rita Kehl, Silviano Santiago, Mikhail Bahktin and Édouard Glissant. Considering the questions rose at this stage of the dissertation, we started to discuss the concept of narrative. It was constructed from the reading of works by these authors: Leandro Konder, Clifford Geertz, James Clifford, Walter Benjamin, Hayden White, Roger Chartier, Roland Barthes and Nestor Garcia Canclini. Finally, the readings were concluded through a brief reflection by which the main question was articulated due to its contemporaneity and the displacements it causes.
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Kosman, Admiel. "Sikum Hilkhot Shabat." Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4253/.

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Maszka, John Edward. "A strategic analysis of al Shabaab." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2017. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/28752/.

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This thesis makes an original contribution to the body of literature by applying strategic theory to the Somali militant group al Shabaab. By tracing the line of thinking of the organisation, I endeavour to more fully comprehend the group’s strategic objective(s). The U.S. State Department designated al Shabaab a terrorist organization in February 2008 (Shinn 2011), but has the group been engaged in terrorism or should it more accurately be labeled an insurgent group? The answer to this question is not as straight forward as it may seem because the group has gone through a number of transitions in which its ideology and tactical operations have changed considerably. In fact, I argue that even its strategic goals appear to have changed. Therefore, we need more than a superficial understanding of the organization and what it hopes to achieve through violence. The first order of business is to clearly define what we mean by “terrorism” and what we understand an “insurgent” to be. While the definition of terrorism is a hotly debated subject, this thesis employs the definition articulated by Neumann and Smith. According to Neumann and Smith (2005, p. 574), terrorism is “the deliberate creation of fear, usually by the use or threat of the use of symbolic acts of physical violence, to influence the behavior of a given target group.” Furthermore, while conventional warfare seeks to conquer the enemy, terrorism merely seeks to manipulate political change through terror (Ruby 2002; Neumann and Smith 2005). In the most generic sense, we can differentiate between conventional warfare (which seeks to conquer the enemy) and terrorism (which aims to manipulate political change through terror). However, because the decision to employ terrorist violence is strategic, we can also distinguish between groups that employ terrorist violence as simply part of an overall strategy and those that rely solely on terrorist violence to achieve their goals. By employing this three-part typology, we are left with three basic categories of militant violence: (1) military violence intended to overthrow a regime, (2) terrorist violence employed along with a number of other tactics intended to coerce political concessions from a regime, and (3) terrorist violence employed as the sole means for obtaining political concessions. Neumann and Smith refer to this third category of violence as strategic terrorism, and they define it as the attempt to obtain political objectives through the use of primarily terrorist activity rather than through some other means. The main focus of this thesis is to determine al Shabaab’s strategic goal(s), and therefore, whether it is an insurgent group or a terrorist organization. After tracing al Shabaab’s ideological underpinnings back through its predecessors, I examine the various phases the organization has passed through and attempt to determine what its strategic objective is and whether it has changed from one phase to another. I conclude that al Shabaab has passed through three phases and is currently in phase four. While the organization began as an insurgent group, it has since altered its strategic goal from overthrowing the Somali government to the use of violence to coerce political concessions from foreign governments. It has also adopted strategic terrorism. A component of this analysis is the theory of perception of the other. Perception plays a huge role in both the decision to engage in terrorist violence and in the way target governments respond. Strategy is the use of one’s resources towards the attainment of one’s goals. Therefore, how an actor perceives its own resources vis-a-vis the resources of another plays as large a role as the strategic goal itself. Furthermore, because al Shabaab has adopted the takfiri doctrine―which dramatically affects its tactical operations―perception of the other is indispensable for understanding how to interpret the group’s actions as a means for obtaining its respective goals. Perception of the other is also critical for comprehending both who al Shabaab directs its acts of symbolic violence towards and why this audience has changed over time.
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Cunha, Keila Souza Fernandes da. "A Música do Shabat em Recife." Universidade Federal da Paraí­ba, 2011. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/6593.

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The issue treated in this study case is the repertorie of Cabalat Shabat that was brought to Recife. It is one of the three rituals celebrated by jews on the day separated to rest e prays, where the songs and prays still can be heard on local synagogue. The search gathered informations from the Isaac Shachnick Synagogue, in the Centro Israelita de Pernambuco (CIP), and on the Synagogue Kahal Zur Israel Museum, the first synagogue of Brazil, where today is the Jewish Historian Archive of Pernambuco, where are preserved, ocasionally, the ceremonies of Shabat. Departing from the perspective of musical cultural study this work intend to understand the music as cultural behavior and verify the task of this religious practice to their fellowers, trying to situate the music in its sociocultural context. According to the local information, we have nearly 100 fellowers of the Shabat, what represent 10% of the jewish community in Recife. We not only registered the special repertorie sung on the local synagogues, but the study begins with the historic construction of the social group, going to the negociations of the permanencies e adaptation of the cultural traces, specially musical, until reach the reflection over the relevance of this religious tradition. After confirmed the close conection between shabatic music and the jewish identity, that helps to keep the ethical stability and the social union of the ethnical group, the work wants to contribute to the discussions about the ethnicity and the cultural behavior of Immigrant, reaching a more broad aspect, as the Social Science.
O tema transversal deste estudo de caso é o repertório musical do Cabalat Shabat transterritorializado para Recife. Trata-se de um dos três rituais celebrados pelos judeus nos dias reservados para o descanso e rezas, onde as canções/orações ainda podem ser ouvidas nas sinagogas locais. A pesquisa de campo recolheu dados na Sinagoga Isaac Shachnick, do Centro Israelita de Pernambuco (CIP), e no Museu Sinagoga Kahal Zur Israel, a primeira sinagoga do Brasil, onde hoje sedia o Arquivo Histórico Judaico de Pernambuco, mas onde são preservadas, esporadicamente, as cerimônias do Shabat. Levando em conta a perspectiva etnomusicológica, o trabalho pretende compreender a música enquanto comportamento cultural e verificar o papel dessa prática religiosa para os seus adeptos, tentando situar a música no seu contexto sociocultural. Segundo informações de campo, constam aproximadamente cem (100) praticantes do Shabat, o que representa 10% da comunidade judaica em Recife. Além de registrar o repertório principal cantado em duas sinagogas locais, a abordagem compreende desde a construção histórica do grupo social em questão, passando pelas negociações da permanência e adaptação dos traços culturais, sobretudo musicais, até alcançar a reflexão sobre a relevância de tal tradição religiosa. Confirmada a relação intrínseca entre a música shabática e a identidade judaica, que ajudam a garantir a estabilidade ética e coesão social do grupo étnico, o estudo pretende contribuir, também, para as discussões sobre etnicidade e comportamento cultural dos imigrantes, atingindo um espectro mais amplo, como o das Ciências Sociais.
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Westcott, Stephen. "The impact of foreign elements over Somalia's al Shabaab." Thesis, Westcott, Stephen (2011) The impact of foreign elements over Somalia's al Shabaab. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/6753/.

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Al Shabaab is currently one of the most powerful groups operating in contemporary Somalia. In control of much of southern Somalia, al Shabaab has sustained an insurgency against the internationally supported transitional government and its allies throughout the country and beyond since early 2007. In contrast to previous Somali Islamist groups, al Shabaab also actively seeks to participate in the wider Islamist movement currently sweeping the Muslim world. As such the organisation has engaged a number of foreign elements to assist with its struggle. This thesis explores the double-sided impact that these various foreign elements have had and argues that they have been a crucial factor in al Shabaab‟s relative success. Ranging from al Qaeda and other militant Islamist movements to the foreign contingent that has travelled to Somalia to fight for al Shabaab to the multitude of minor actors the organisation engages for mutual benefit, these foreign elements have noticeably enhanced al Shabaab‟s tactical and strategic capabilities. There have been some serious negative repercussions stemming from this heavy foreign influence, alienating sections of Somali society and attracting the hostile attention of the West. However, this thesis concludes that the benefits provided by al Shabaab‟s engagement with foreign elements has notably outweighed the negatives and that the organisation, despite its recent setbacks, will continue to pose a threat at least within the region.
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Flores, Lorrie. "Motivating Factors in Al-Shabaab Recruitment in Minneapolis, Minnesota." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3093.

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Over the past 5 years, a number of U.S. citizens residing in Minneapolis have been reported to have been recruited and radicalized by Al-Shabaab, organization that has played a role in major international terrorist attacks. This, in turn, creates a significant concern related to national security in the United States. Using Hirsch's social bond theory and Merton's theory of relative depravation, the purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to explore the factors that motivate radicalization of young males aged 18 to 25 in Minneapolis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 6 Somali American adults between the ages of 18 to 25 years old and 6 Somali American community leaders. Data were coded using Posteriori word coding and analyzed using a thematic analysis procedure. Findings indicated participants perceive that social inequality among American Somali participants contributes to motivation to radicalize. Similarly, the level of attachment and commitment to family and other social units the participants experienced played a role in the decision to radicalize or not. To deter this phenomenon, recommendations to the United States government include developing empowerment programs to provide educational and employment opportunities to American Somali communities. Both groups suggested in using media to help effect positive social change through unbiased news reporting, which does not aggravate the sense of social injustice against Muslims. By creating programs or educational campaigns against terrorism, the media can be used to educate young Somali Americans.
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Blommaert, Jan. "A Shaba Swahili life story." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95469.

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This paper presents an edited version of a hand written text in Shaba Swahili and French, accompanied by an English translation. The original text was written in ballpoint by a Shaba Zairean ex-houseboy, and sent to his former employer in Belgium It provides an account of his life, with special focus on the period after his Belgian employers left Zaire in 1973. It documents the conditions of hardship in the life of a semi-educated Zairean and provides a detailed account of the migrations he has to undertake in order to find means to support himself and his family. The author Wiote the `recit` at the request of the former employer`s wife, as a symbolic way to repay the debt he had incurred over the years in which he had received money and other goods from the Belgian lady. The text was sent to me by the former employer, who asked me to translate it into Dutch. The former employer granted me the permission to edit and publish the text in its totality. For reasons of privacy, we decided to alter the names of the people mentioned in the text. Thus, for instance, the employer is named Andni Deprins, his wife (who is the central addressee of the text) Helena Arens, and the author of the text is identified as Julien.
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Reid, Gabrielle Paxton. "Al Shabaab as a transnational actor : a critical theoretical analysis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20698.

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The Somalia-based militant group, Al Shabaab, has conducted mass casualty transnational terrorist attacks and has become a regional security threat. In an effort to uncover the best explanation of the drivers behind the group's use of transnational terror, a critical analysis of Rational Choice Theory, Spill-over Conflict Theory and Regional War Complex Theory was conducted. Evaluating each theory according to whether its assumptions held true, the theory offered a parsimonious explanation of Al Shabaab's use of transnational terror which could be supported by at least three types of evidence, the strengths and weaknesses of each theory, with regard to explaining Al Shabaab's transnational terror were identified. The findings showed that Al Shabaab as a transnational actor should not be seen as a linear transformation of the group, moving outwards from Somalia, but connected to an interlinked web between countries in the Horn of Africa, where domestic vulnerabilities such as political and socioeconomic marginalisation and a vulnerability to radicalisation allow for the cross-pollination of intent, and the capabilities to carry out attacks. As such, the regional and international interconnections captured by the Regional War Complex offered the best explanation of the drivers of Al Shabaab's use of transnational terror. Although Rational Choice Theory most clearly highlighted Al Shabaab's intent to transform from a domestic actor to a regional one, and the Spill-over Model showed that refugees could offer a recruitment source, it was the increased regional capabilities through the establishment of affiliates located outside of Somalia which gave the group the capacity to carry out transnational attacks and to operate as a transnational actor.
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Muthoni, Linet. "Al-Shabaab in Kenya: Regional Variations in Grievances, Ideology and Identity." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/419068.

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This thesis draws on concepts from terrorism, political violence and criminology literature to examine the internal variations of al-Shabaab attacks in Kenya and the significance of grievances, ideology, social identity, social networks and physical geography. Overall, the findings from this research illustrate that the threat of terrorism from a single group can vary significantly across a country according to specific regional and local conditions. This research illustrates how terrorist organisations adapt attack patterns and strategies to maximise the opportunities presented by different aspects of a country's physical geography, including urban areas, borderlands and rough terrain characterised by dense forests. This research also identifies the human and geographical channels through which cross-border terrorist activities foster domestic terrorism. In so doing, it captures the centrality of local knowledge to the perpetuation of terrorist activities. The last three empirical chapters illustrate how terrorist organisations tap into and frame context-specific grievances and conditions to foster and politicise group identity, build support and in the target selection process. The findings from this thesis underscore the importance of adopting a historical, contemporary and context-focused approach to understanding the dynamics of terrorism. They also capture the interconnection between ideology, grievances, identity, social networks, and aspects of a country’s physical geography in shaping terrorist attack and recruitment patterns. The outcome of this thesis is a methodological approach for the cross-regional study of terrorism. The elements of the proposed approach, which form the basis of the five results chapters, are summarised in the concluding chapter of this thesis.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Crim & Crim Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Shabadi, Vikas [Verfasser], Lambert [Akademischer Betreuer] Alff, and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Donner. "Epitaxial engineering of ferrimagnetic double perovskites / Vikas Shabadi ; Lambert Alff, Wolfgang Donner." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135386048/34.

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Books on the topic "Shabazz"

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Jeffrey, Laura S. Betty Shabazz: Sharing the vision of Malcolm X. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, Inc., 2000.

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Betty, Shabazz, and Brown Jamie Foster, eds. Betty Shabazz: A sisterfriends' tribute in words and pictures. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.

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Kly, Yussuf Naim. The black book II: From Hajji Malik al-Shabazz to Barack Obama. Atlanta, GA: Clarity Press, 2010.

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Kly, Yussuf Naim. The black book: The true political philosophy of Malcolm X (El Hajj Malik El Shabazz). Atlanta: Clarity Press, 1986.

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Tsiyon, Gershuni Ben, Shṭal Avraham, and Israel Maḥlaḳah le-tarbut Toranit, eds. Shabat be-Shabato. Tel-Aviv: Moreshet, 1993.

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Mannan, A. Mujib. A history of the Masjid Malcolm Shabazz: A cultural watershed in the Harlem and American experience. [United States]: A.M. Mannan, 2000.

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Carroll, Juollie. Apple Brown Betty: A collection of poetry and prose dedicated to Dr. Betty Shabazz, late widow of Malcolm X. Brooklyn, NY: Word For Word Publishing Co., 2003.

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Comunidad Bet El (Mexico City). Misjakei Shabati: Tu revista de Shabatí. Mexico: Comunidad Bet-El, 2009.

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Strasser, Benzion. Sefer Shabat be-shabato: Shiʻure hilkhot Shabat ha-nilmadim ... [Boro Park?]: Yiśraʼel Shimshon Ḳnopfler, 2004.

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Shabazz, Jeremiah. Top of the clock: Exclusive interview 1997 / Minister Jeremiah Shabazz ; edited and published by Rubin A. Bashir for First Impressions Group Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA: First Impressions Group Inc., 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Shabazz"

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Badurdeen, Fathima Azmiya. "Al-Shabaab Financing." In Countering Terrorist and Criminal Financing, 483–96. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003092216-45.

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Mandair, Arvind-Pal Singh. "Shabad (Word), Sikhism." In Encyclopedia of Scientific Dating Methods, 399–400. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0846-1_486.

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de Rooij, Vincent A. "Shaba Swahili." In The Structure and Status of Pidgins and Creoles, 309. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cll.19.18roo.

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Wagner, Mark. "Rabbi Salim Shabazi and Sufism: Synthesis or Juxtaposition?" In Esoteric Transfers and Constructions, 43–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61788-2_3.

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de Rooij, Vincent A. "15. Shaba Swahili." In Creole Language Library, 179–90. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cll.15.21roo.

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Biane, Philippe. "Shabat polynomials and harmonic measure." In Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 147–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01763-6_5.

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Wagner, Mark S. "Major Themes in the Poetry of Rabbi Sālim al-Shabazī." In Studies in Arabic and Hebrew Letters in Honor of Raymond P. Scheindlin, edited by Jonathan P. Decter, 225–48. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463213770-016.

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Menkhaus, Ken. "Al-Shabaab and the Horn of Africa." In Routledge Handbook of U.S. Counterterrorism and Irregular Warfare Operations, 105–16. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003164500-10.

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Badurdeen, Fathima Azmiya. "Recruitment strategies for Al-Shabaab in Kenya." In Routledge Handbook of the Horn of Africa, 212–23. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429426957-22.

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Mwangi, Oscar Gakuo. "Al-Shabaab and the Regional Security Dilemma." In The Palgrave Handbook of Contemporary Kenya, 381–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15854-4_28.

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Conference papers on the topic "Shabazz"

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Ghosh Roy, D. N., and D. V. G. Rao. "Optical Phase Conjugation As Zakharov-Shabat Problem." In Nonlinear Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlo.1992.tud28.

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The generation of an optically phase conjugated signal in four-wave-mixing (FWM) is usually interpreted1–2 as a coherent addition of diffracted waves from the grating structures formed in the nonlinear optical medium by the pump beams. In this paper, optical phase conjugation (OPC) is analyzed from a different point of view, namely, that of potential scattering. The optical medium acts as a "potential” which scatters the incoming probe wave nonlinearly into the conjugate signal, the potential being generated by the counterpropagating pump waves. It is shown that in this picture, transient OPC is described by the Zakharov-Shabat eigenvalue problem3 (ZSP) which is the linear scattering problem for a class of evolution equations such as the nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The methodology of the inverse scattering transform3-4 (1ST) can thus be used to analyze the problem. Many of the well established results of OPC are rederived in this paper using this approach along with some new ones. Moreover, an inverse scattering problem is posed regarding the time evolution of the potential which directly reflects the molecular dynamics involved.
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Gauthier, Gilbert. "Mineral classics of Shaba, Zaire." In 12th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium. Socorro, NM: New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.58799/nmms-1991.135.

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Moore, Anna, Eric Aristidi, Michael Ashley, Maurizio Busso, Maurizio Candidi, Jon Everett, Suzanne Kenyon, et al. "Ground-layer turbulence profiling using a lunar SHABAR." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Ian S. McLean and Masanori Iye. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.672640.

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Bernet, Markus, Luca Henzen, Hubert Kaeslin, Norbert Felber, and Wolfgang Fichtner. "Hardware implementations of the SHA-3 candidates Shabal and CubeHash." In 2009 52nd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2009.5236043.

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Francq, Julien, and Celine Thuillet. "Unfolding Method for Shabal on Virtex-5 FPGAs: Concrete Results." In 2010 International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/reconfig.2010.46.

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Williams, Floyd. "Zakharov-Shabat Systems and Conformal Immersions Induced by Dirac Spinors." In Third International Satellite Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.200.0015.

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Weiss, C. O., and K. Staliunas. "Optical Vortices and Dark Spatial Solitons." In Nonlinear Dynamics in Optical Systems. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nldos.1992.wb4.

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Since Zacharov and Shabat integrated one-dimensional Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (1D NLSE) and found solitons [1,2], much have been done in one-dimensional, but very little in two-dimensional soliton physics. The integrability of 2D NLSE as well as existence of solitons in it is under the question to the time.
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Liu, Keding, and Zhichao Yang. "Finite Element Analysis of Shaba Inverted Siphon Structure." In 2014 International Conference on Mechatronics, Electronic, Industrial and Control Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/meic-14.2014.268.

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Medvedev, Sergey B., Irina A. Vaseva, Igor S. Chekhovskoy, and Mikhail P. Fedoruk. "A Novel Sixth-Order Algorithm for the Direct Zakharov-Shabat Problem." In 2021 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cleo/europe-eqec52157.2021.9542601.

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Desaix, M., D. Anderson, L. Helczynski, and M. Lisak. "Eigenvalues of the Zakharov-Shabat scattering problem for real symmetric pulses." In Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.2002.nltud13.

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Reports on the topic "Shabazz"

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Al-Qaddo, Syria Mahmoud Ahmad. Shabak Women in the Nineveh Plain: The Impact of Intersectional Discrimination on their Daily Lives. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.008.

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This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the discrimination and marginalisation faced by the Shabak community in the Nineveh Plains in Iraq. Shabak women in Iraq live within a tribal, religious and patriarchal society. Priority is given to men in terms of education, employment, public life, personal freedom and inheritance. This means that, while all Shabak people have suffered from years of conflict and marginalisation as a religious minority group, women and girls face particular forms of intersectional discrimination. Today more Shabak women go to school and university, and participate in political processes, but these developments have not been consistent or comprehensive for all Shabak women.
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Khalil, James, Yahye Abdi, Sif Heide-Ottosen, Abdullahi Ahmed Nor, and Martine Zeuthen. The “Off-Ramp” from al-Shabaab: Disengagement During the Offensive in Somalia. RESOLVE Network, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/lpbi2023.1.

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Al-Shabaab has been evicted—at least temporarily—from scores of towns and villages in the central Somali Federal Member States of Hirshabelle and Galmudug since summer 2022. While this began as an “organic” uprising led by clan militias (the Ma’awisley) against the insurgent’s excessive demands for “taxation” and recruits, it soon transformed into a major state offensive. Within this context, in May 2023 our team conducted interviews with former members of al-Shabaab who had been based in these locations to explore how and why they left the organization, with a particular focus on the extent to which their decisions to disengage were influenced by the offensive, and how their clans helped motivate and facilitate exit.
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Khalil, James, Yahye Abdi, Andrew Glazzard, Abdullahi Ahmed Nor, and Martine Zeuthen. Reaching behind Frontlines: Promoting Exit from al-Shabaab through Communications Campaigns. RESOLVE Network, December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/lpbi2023.2.

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This research was conducted in the context of a Somali state offensive in the Federal Member States of Hirshabelle and Galmudug that generated more territorial gains from al-Shabaab than any other military campaign since the mid-2010s. Such conditions provide fertile ground for disengagement from the insurgents, with many ex-members enrolled into the National Program for the Treatment and Handling of Disengaged Combatants. A core element of this program is its communications pillar, which seeks to promote disengagement through a variety of channels, including radio, television, social media, phone conversations, leaflets, and word-of-mouth. This research aims to inform these campaigns, drawing from interviews conducted in May 2023 with former members of al-Shabaab at the Serendi center in Mogadishu.
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Buluma, Godfrey. Al-Shabaab: The Threat to Kenya and the Horn of Africa. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada589056.

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Heide-Ottosen, Sif, Yahye Abdi, Abdullahi Ahmed Nor, James Khalil, and Martine Zeuthen. Journeys through Extremism: The Experiences of Former Members of Al-Shabaab. RESOLVE Network, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2022.3.

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This research report applies the Attitudes-Behaviors Corrective (ABC) Model of Violent Extremism to map personal journeys in and out of al-Shabaab, the al-Qaeda affiliate operating in Somalia and the wider Horn of Africa. The ABC Model provides a framework through which to analyze individual trajectories in relation to sympathy for and actual involvement in violent extremism. The study was designed to deliver key insights for policy and practice by revealing the extent to which these journeys vary between respondents. The ABC Model was also designed as a platform through which to explore drivers of attitudinal and behavioral change, offering a granular understanding of the processes of joining and leaving the group. This report features the findings from interviews with thirteen ex-members of the group, including those from its intelligence agency (the Amniyat), military wing (the Jabhat), and police force (the Hizbah), as well as drivers, teachers, and others in support roles. These findings provide important considerations for the design of interventions to prevent further involvement and to facilitate disengagements from the group, including recommendations for communications campaigns, rehabilitation services, and the relevance of territorial control.
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Butler, Brett M. Precipitating the Decline of Al-Shabaab: A Case Study in Leadership Decapitation. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1009099.

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Turbiville, Graham, Josh Meservey, and James Forest. Countering the al-Shabaab Insurgency in Somalia: Lessons for U.S. Special Operations Forces. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada601725.

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Al-Qaddo, Syria Mahmoud Ahmad. Problems and Challenges Facing Shabak Women and its Impact on their Daily Lives. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.018.

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Odom, Thomas P. Shaba II: The French and Belgian Intervention in Zaire in 1978. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada635651.

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Marquardt, Erich, and David H. Shinn. CTC Sentinel. Volume 2, Issue 3, March 2009. Somalia's New Government and the Challenge of Al-Shabab. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada495438.

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