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1
Ward, Marc A., Joseph F. Pierre, Raquel F. Leal, Yong Huang, Benjamin Shogan, Sushila R. Dalal, Christopher R. Weber, et al. "Insights into the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis from a murine model of stasis-induced dysbiosis, colonic metaplasia, and genetic susceptibility." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 310, no. 11 (June 1, 2016): G973—G988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00017.2016.
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Gut dysbiosis, host genetics, and environmental triggers are implicated as causative factors in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet mechanistic insights are lacking. Longitudinal analysis of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients following total colectomy with ileal anal anastomosis (IPAA) where >50% develop pouchitis offers a unique setting to examine cause vs. effect. To recapitulate human IPAA, we employed a mouse model of surgically created blind self-filling (SFL) and self-emptying (SEL) ileal loops using wild-type (WT), IL-10 knockout (KO) (IL-10), TLR4 KO (T4), and IL-10/T4 double KO mice. After 5 wk, loop histology, host gene/protein expression, and bacterial 16s rRNA profiles were examined. SFL exhibit fecal stasis due to directional motility oriented toward the loop end, whereas SEL remain empty. In WT mice, SFL, but not SEL, develop pouchlike microbial communities without accompanying active inflammation. However, in genetically susceptible IL-10-deficient mice, SFL, but not SEL, exhibit severe inflammation and mucosal transcriptomes resembling human pouchitis. The inflammation associated with IL-10 required TLR4, as animals lacking both pathways displayed little disease. Furthermore, germ-free IL-10 mice conventionalized with SFL, but not SEL, microbiota populations develop severe colitis. These data support essential roles of stasis-induced, colon-like microbiota, TLR4-mediated colonic metaplasia, and genetic susceptibility in the development of pouchitis and possibly UC. However, these factors by themselves are not sufficient. Similarities between this model and human UC/pouchitis provide opportunities for gaining insights into the mechanistic basis of IBD and for identification of targets for novel preventative and therapeutic interventions.
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Arvans, Donna L., Stephan R. Vavricka, Hongyu Ren, Mark W. Musch, Lisa Kang, Flavio G. Rocha, Alvaro Lucioni, Jerrold R. Turner, John Alverdy, and Eugene B. Chang. "Luminal bacterial flora determines physiological expression of intestinal epithelial cytoprotective heat shock proteins 25 and 72." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 288, no. 4 (April 2005): G696—G704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00206.2004.
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Heat shock proteins (HSP) 25 and 72 are expressed normally by surface colonocytes but not by small intestinal enterocytes. We hypothesized that luminal commensal microflora maintain the observed colonocyte HSP expression. The ability of the small intestine to respond to bacteria and their products and modulate HSPs has not been determined. The effects of luminal bacterial flora in surgically created midjejunal self-filling (SFL) vs. self-emptying (SEL) small-bowel blind loops on epithelial HSP expression were studied. HSP25 and HSP72 expression were assessed by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. SFL were chronically colonized, whereas SEL contained levels of bacteria normal for the proximal small intestine. SFL creation significantly increased HSP25 and HSP72 expression relative to corresponding sections from SEL. Metronidazole treatment, which primarily affects anaerobic bacteria as well as a diet lacking fermentable fiber, significantly decreased SFL HSP expression. Small bowel incubation with butyrate ex vivo induced a sustained and significant upregulation of HSP25 and altered HSP72 expression, confirming the role of short-chain fatty acids. To determine whether HSPs induction altered responses to an injury, effects of the oxidant, monochloramine, on epithelial resistance and short-circuit current ( Isc) responses to carbachol and glucose were compared. Increased SFL HSP expression was associated with protection against oxidant-induced decreases in transmural resistance and Iscresponses to glucose, but not secretory responses to carbachol. In conclusion, luminal microflora and their metabolic byproducts direct expression of HSPs in gut epithelial cells, an effect that contributes to preservation of epithelial cell viability under conditions of stress.
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Yim, Kijeong, Tony Wong, and Richard J. Rand. "The Volumetric Star Formation Law in the Almost Edge-on Galaxy NGC 4302 Revealed by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array." Astrophysical Journal 940, no. 2 (November 28, 2022): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9c55.
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Abstract We observe the almost edge-on (i ∼ 90°) galaxy NGC 4302 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (CO) and Very Large Array (H i) to measure the gas disk thickness for investigating the volumetric star formation law (SFL). The recent star formation rate (SFR) is estimated based on a linear combination of IR 24 μm and Hα emissions. The measured scale heights of CO and H i increase significantly with radius. Using the scale heights along with the vertically integrated surface densities, we derive the midplane volume densities of the gas (ρ H I, ρ H 2 , and ρ gas = ρ H I+ ρ H 2 ) and the SFR (ρ SFR) and compare the volumetric SFL (ρ SFR ∝ ρ gas n) with the vertically integrated SFL (ΣSFR ∝ Σgas N). We find tight power-law correlations between the SFR and the gas (H i, H2, and the total gas) in both volume and surface densities. The power-law indices of the total gas and H i for the volumetric SFL are noticeably smaller than the indices for the vertically integrated SFL while the H2 indices for both cases are similar to each other. In terms of the star formation efficiency (SFE), we find that the molecular and total gas SFEs are roughly constant, while the atomic SFE is clearly decreasing with radius in both cases.
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Abdulrahman Almurashi, Wael. "An Introduction to Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics." Journal for the Study of English Linguistics 4, no. 1 (May 6, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v4i1.9423.
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<p>Numerous theories have been successful in accounting for aspects of language. One of the most substantial theories is Halliday's Systemic Functional Linguistics (often SFL), which has been employed in the literature on linguistics and applied linguistics. This paper aims to introduce Halliday's SFL with a focus on an overview of SFL as a linguistic tradition largely developed by Michael Alexander Kirkwood Halliday (often M.A.K. Halliday). Furthermore, this introduction compares SFL to other linguistic traditions, such as the transformational generative linguistics represented by Noam Chomsky and Bloomfield's structural tradition. This research also explains the key elements of SFL, SFL as an applicable tradition, examples of the value of applying SFL in detail, and finally, presents the benefits associated with working with SFL as a communicative motivation in learning a language.</p>
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Jäger, Niklas, Shreya Ahana Ayyub, Natalia Korniy, Frank Peske, Markus Hoffmann, Marina V. Rodnina, and Stefan Pöhlmann. "Mutagenic Analysis of the HIV Restriction Factor Shiftless." Viruses 14, no. 7 (June 30, 2022): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071454.
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The interferon-induced host cell protein shiftless (SFL) was reported to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by blocking the –1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (–1PRF) required for expression of the Gag-Pol polyprotein. However, it is not clear how SFL inhibits –1PRF. To address this question, we focused on a 36 amino acids comprising region (termed required for antiviral activity (RAA)) that is essential for suppression of –1PRF and HIV infection and is missing from SFL short (SFLS), a splice variant of SFL with unknown function. Here, we confirm that SFL, but not SFLS, inhibits HIV –1PRF and show that inhibition is cell-type-independent. Mutagenic and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the RAA region is required for SFL self-interactions and confirmed that it is necessary for ribosome association and binding to the HIV RNA. Analysis of SFL mutants with six consecutive amino-acids-comprising deletions in the RAA region suggests effects on binding to the HIV RNA, complete inhibition of –1PRF, inhibition of Gag-Pol expression, and antiviral activity. In contrast, these amino acids did not affect SFL expression and were partially dispensable for SFL self-interactions and binding to the ribosome. Collectively, our results support the notion that SFL binds to the ribosome and the HIV RNA in order to block –1PRF and HIV infection, and suggest that the multimerization of SFL may be functionally important.
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Pan, Xiang, Huan Wang, Dongming Wu, Xinhua Liu, Pengyu Deng, and Yanfeng Zhang. "Influence of Family Environment on the Scientific Fitness Literacy of Preschool and School Children in China: A National Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (July 7, 2022): 8319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148319.
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Scientific fitness literacy (SFL) is a holistic concept based on physical literacy but has a smaller scope and is more specific to exercise and scientific fitness. We developed an instrument to assess SFL and explored the differences and similarities in the effects of the home environment on children’s SFL. Data from a nationwide stratified random sample of children were analyzed using multiple linear regression. SFL scores were significantly lower for preschoolers than for school-age children. The family environment has an impact throughout the preschool and school years, with school-age children’s SFL being less influenced by family members than preschool children; screen time has a negative impact on their SFL but reducing the number of electronic devices and increasing parental physical activity and modeling can alleviate its impact. The economic status of the family is crucial, with sports consumption expenditure and household sports equipment ownership being favourable factors for children’s SFL. Positive parental attitudes and sporting habits have a positive impact on their children’s SFL. The findings of this study can be used to improve children’s SFL in the home environment and to take effective measures to avoid the risk factors.
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Steiner, Erich, Bo Wang, Christian M. I. M. Matthiessen, and Yuanyi Ma. "Bridging boundaries between systemic functional linguistics and translation studies." Linguistics and the Human Sciences 14, no. 3 (March 26, 2021): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/lhs.19337.
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Erich Steiner, as a leading scholar in systemic functional linguistics (SFL), has been involved in various important strands of research on SFL and translation. This transcript is based on the second part of the interview during his visit to Hong Kong. We continue to discuss the application of SFL to translation, covering topics like SFL and other functionalist theories of translation, the tools for translation contributed by functionally-oriented work, and translation as a method for language teaching. In addition, Steiner summarizes the contributions of SFL to translation, and introduces some possibilities for future research.
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Pasaribu, Arsen Nahum, Erika Sinambela, and Sondang Manik. "The Contributions of Systemic Functional Linguistics to Literary Text Analysis." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, no. 9 (September 30, 2020): 81–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.9.8.
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Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) refers to some kind of text analysis, including an analysis of literary language. Some research has verified the study of the literary text using this linguistic apparatus; however the use of SFL in literary text analysis is relatively rare. Therefore, this study investigated the contributions of SFL to literary text analysis. The data of the study were 20 scientific articles focusing on literary text analysis using SFL. The analysis used content analysis to expose the segments of the story analyzed and the components of SFL to analyze them. The findings showed that the method of analysis using SFL on the literary text has brought new perspectives to the researchers, and provided some possible future studies in literary works. Moreover, the study of literary texts is regarded not merely as interpretative practices but as explanatory categories for each segment of a literary text.
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Danilovich, Margaret K., Susan L. Hughes, Daniel M. Corcos, David X. Marquez, and Amy R. Eisenstein. "Translating Strong for Life Into the Community Care Program: Lessons Learned." Journal of Applied Gerontology 36, no. 5 (January 20, 2016): 553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0733464815625833.
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We used a randomized controlled trial to test the implementation of Strong for Life (SFL), a resistance exercise intervention, using 32 home care aides (HCAs) as exercise leaders with their 42 homebound older adult clients enrolled in the Community Care Program, a Medicaid 1915(c) waiver program. Mixed-methods were used to analyze outcomes of program satisfaction rates, training session evaluations, program fidelity, and job descriptive index scores. Results indicate that it is feasible for HCAs to implement SFL safely with clients. Participants viewed SFL as highly satisfactory and HCAs were able to adapt SFL for their clients. HCAs have high job satisfaction, and leading SFL enhances work achievement and pride. Our results show it is possible to train HCAs to implement SFL with their clients in addition to providing usual care services, participation positively affects both care partners, and this is a feasible and practical delivery model to provide exercise for adults receiving home- and community-based services.
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Aisha, Maimaiti, Atikanmu Wahafu, Yilifanjiang Kuerban, Akenmujiang Aierken, Refuhati Saimaiti, Maimaitiaili Kadi, and Ainiwaer Talifu. "A study on the preparation and quality standard of Saifula granules." Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine 03, no. 04 (December 2020): 277–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2575900020500123.
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Objective: To establish the decocting and formulation technology of Saifula granules, and establish a reliable TLC identification quality control standard. Methods: Orthogonal test was used to optimize the water extraction process and TLC was used for qualitative identification. Results: To optimize the process parameters of SFL granules, first, the content of total flavonoids and the total extraction rate were taken as the indexes. Through single factor and orthogonal test, the optimal extraction process was determined as follows: extraction time 1 h, solvent multiple 1:10, extract three times. After the process parameters were determined, in order to further explain the chemical composition of SFL extract, 15 compounds in SFL extract were identified by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, 13 batches of SFL extracts were prepared, and their fingerprints were analyzed. The results showed that there were 28 common characteristic peaks in the 13 batches of SFL extracts. The similarity evaluation results of fingerprints showed that the similarities of 13 batches of SFL extracts were greater than 0.9. An HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous determination of gallic acid, corilagin, and ellagic acid was established. The method has good repeatability, stability, and accurate results. Conclusion: The standard can comprehensively reflect the material basis of SFL granules, and the above methods are accurate, easy to operate, stable and feasible, and provide scientific basis and basis for the development, promotion, and clinical application of SFL granules.
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García, Adolfo M., and Agustín Ibáñez. "Processes and verbs of doing, in the brain." Functions of Language 23, no. 3 (December 31, 2016): 305–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.23.3.02gar.
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Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) has long been characterized by its openness towards contributions from other fields. However, it has remained virtually uninformed by neuroscience. Such a disconnection has become all the more unfortunate since SFL ventured into the cognitive domain (Halliday & Matthiessen 1999). Opening a new avenue of disciplinary interaction for SFL, this paper reviews experimental studies on the neurocognitive basis of processes and verbs of doing, highlighting their manifold implications for the theory. Available data corroborates the SFL assumptions that these processes and verbs are (i) conceptually different from participants and nouns, (ii) functionally distinguishable from other process and verb types, and (iii) non-arbitrarily related to each other. Moreover, the evidence shows that (at least some of) the conceptual distinctions within semantics are naturally grounded in more basic (motor and perceptual) neurocognitive distinctions. This, we propose, calls for an elaboration of the stratified SFL model via the inclusion of a sensorimotor stratum. More generally, the article seeks to foster an empirically sound and theoretically relevant dialogue between SFL and promising approaches within cognitive neuroscience.
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Patilaya, Popi, Dadang Irfan Husori, and Linda Marhama Daulay. "ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF SUB-FRACTIONS FROM THE N-HEXANE FRACTION OF PICRIA FEL-TERRAE LEAVES ON PHERETIMA POSTHUMA." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 13 (April 26, 2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11s1.26568.
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Objective: This study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the subfractions (SF) from n-hexane fraction of Picria fel-terrae leaves on Pheretima posthuma.Methods: The leaves ethanolic extract of P. fel-terrae solution was mixed with water in ratio of 7:3. The mixture was fractionated with n-hexane by liquid–liquid extraction. The n-hexane fraction was then separated on silica gel by vacuum liquid chromatography with n-hexane-ethyl acetate and methanol as mobile phases. The filtrates with same chromatogram pattern were combined to produce SF of the plant leaves. The SF at the concentration of 0.1% was tested on P. posthuma to evaluate its anthelmintic activity. The anthelmintic activity was determined by observing paralysis and death times of the worms. Pyrantel 0.1% and vehicle were included as positive and negative controls, respectively.Results: The study showed that n-hexane fraction of P. fel-terrae leaves produced 4 SF, namely, SF1, SF2, SF3, and SF4. The earthworms were paralyzed at 123.00, 130.33, 78.67, 74.33, and 127.33 min when treated with SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4, and pyrantel, respectively. The SF1, SF2, SF3, SF4, and pyrantel also caused the animal death at 156.00, 166.67, 107.00, 101.67, and 140.00 min, respectively. The animal paralysis and death times by those substances were shorter than negative control effects.Conclusion: This study suggests that the SF from n-hexane fraction of P. fel-terrae leaves has anthelmintic activity on P. posthuma. The effects of SF4 are strongest when compared with SF1, SF2, SF3, and pyrantel.
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Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M. "Systemic Functional Linguistics as appliable linguistics: social accountability and critical approaches." DELTA: Documentação de Estudos em Lingüística Teórica e Aplicada 28, spe (2012): 435–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-44502012000300002.
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This article is concerned with the relationship between Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) and Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), and with SFL as a resource for socially accountable academic work. First it locates SFL within the general category of appliable linguistics (as opposed to either theoretical or applied linguistics), an approach to the study of language that is also designed to be socially accountable. Then, against the background of SFL, it traces the development first of Critical Linguistics and then of CDA, also identifying other influences incorporated within these traditions. Next, it compares CDA with other orientations within discourse analysis from the perspective of SFL, and proposes the notion of appliable discourse analysis (ADA). This leads to an overview of the dimensions of ADA, and finally to the question of the place of ADA within a general appliable linguistics.
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Pan, Xiang, Yibo Gao, Lupei Jiang, Pengyu Deng, Jin He, Tian Xia, Aoyu Zhang, and Yanfeng Zhang. "Study on the Status of Scientific Fitness Literacy of Rural Left-Behind Minors and the Influence of Family Environment." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (December 23, 2022): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010249.
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There are a large number of 6.97 million left-behind children in China at the end of August 2018. Left-behind children exhibit many psychologically unhealthy behavioural disorders. This study aimed to compare the differences in scientific fitness literacy (SFL) between rural left-behind and general minors, and to analyze the factors affecting the SFL of left-behind minors in the family environment. A random stratified sampling was conducted among minors aged 3–18 in rural areas of China, and 2239 valid samples were obtained. The questionnaire is based on the SFL part and the family environment part of the China National Fitness Activity Status Survey, except for the SFL part of the children’s questionnaire does not contain the attitude dimension, the questionnaires of several other age groups contain three dimensions: attitude, skills, and habits. The SFL of general children and adolescents was higher than that of left-behind children and adolescents, and in the sub-dimensions, children’s attitudes and adolescents’ skills and habits differed greatly, with the general minors having better performance. The SFL showed a significant increasing trend with age in the general minors but the difference between children and adolescents in the left-behind minors was not significant. The scores of habituation in left-behind minors increased with age group, and the scores of the general minors group did not vary much between age groups. In the multiple regression analysis for the left-behind minors, it was found that left-behind young children were less influenced by family environment on SFL score, and children’s SFL was more influenced by family environment. A separate analysis of the 7–9 and 10–12-year-old groups revealed that factors such as parental support and encouragement influenced SFL with different weights, and the importance of parents rotated, while the number of sporting goods in the family was important in all four age models. For the left-behind minors with a large amount in China, the role of the family environment in their SFL cannot be ignored, and the promotion of this literacy should be carried out in a targeted manner.
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Aghdam, K. M., I. Mirzaee, N. Pourmahmood, and M. P. Aghababa. "Design of Water Distribution Networks via a Novel Fractional Succedaneum Shuffled Frog Leaping Method." Journal of Mechanics 31, no. 4 (August 2015): 369–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2014.94.
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AbstractIt is known that the design problem of water distribution networks (WDNs) is an NP-hard combinatorial problem which cannot be easily solved using traditional mathematical numerical methods. On the other hand, fractional calculus, which is a generalization of the classical integer-order calculus, involves some interesting features such as having memory of past events. Based on the concept of fractional calculus, this paper proposes the use of a new version of heuristic shuffled frog leaping (SFL) algorithm for solving the optimal design problem of WDNs. In order to increase the convergence speed of the original SFL algorithm, a history of past events is added to the SFL updating formula. Moreover, some memeplexes of the original SFL method are altered to increase the diversification property of the SFL which helps the algorithm to avoid trapping in local optima. The new version of the SFL algorithm is called fractional succedaneum momentum shuffled frog leaping (FSSFL) method. The proposed FSSFL is applied for designing WDNs. Four illustrative and examples are presented to show the efficiency and superiority of the introduced FSSFL compared to the other well-known heuristic algorithms.
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Hoang, Duc. "A Hybrid SFL-Bees Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Applications 128, no. 5 (October 15, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2015906541.
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Gupta, AD, MK Samoszuk, T. Papayannopoulou, and G. Stamatoyannopoulos. "SFL 23.6: a monoclonal antibody reactive with CFU-E, erythroblasts, and erythrocytes." Blood 66, no. 3 (September 1, 1985): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v66.3.522.522.
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Abstract A cytotoxic (IgG2b) monoclonal antibody (McAb) for a novel erythroid differentiation antigen was generated by hyperimmunizing young mice with mononuclear cells obtained from livers of 20- to 22-week-old fetuses. This McAb, designated SFL 23.6, shows an extremely well- defined reactivity with the cells of the erythroid lineage at all stages of maturation as evident from the labeling of morphologically identifiable erythroid precursors and of erythrocytes present in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and fetal liver, and from its reactivity with culture-derived erythroblasts. The nonerythroid cells present in these and other tissue preparations were not labeled by SFL 23.6. The erythroid lineage specificity of McAb SFL 23.6 was confirmed by a cell- sorting experiment in which 97% of the cells in the fluorescent fraction sorted from SFL 23.6-treated bone marrow cells were erythroid precursors at various stages of maturation. Complement-mediated cytotoxicity and progenitor cell-sorting experiments showed that most (greater than 90%) of the late erythroid progenitors (CFU-E) and only a small proportion of the early erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) express the antigenic determinant identified by SFL 23.6. The myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) and multilineage progenitors (CFU-GEMM) were negative for the SFL 23.6 antigenic determinant. The antigen recognized by SFL 23.6 has not been determined as yet. Because of the pattern of its reactivity and its dependence on sialic acid residues, the possibility of its relationship to glycophoria A was entertained. However, previous work using antiglycophorin McAbs (R-10) has shown that this determinant is not expressed in CFU-E. Therefore, among the erythroid lineage-specific McAbs described thus far, SFL 23.6 is unique in its reactivity with CFU- E and the mature erythron. Reagents with such specificity may be useful in studies of erythroid differentiation and commitment.
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Gupta, AD, MK Samoszuk, T. Papayannopoulou, and G. Stamatoyannopoulos. "SFL 23.6: a monoclonal antibody reactive with CFU-E, erythroblasts, and erythrocytes." Blood 66, no. 3 (September 1, 1985): 522–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v66.3.522.bloodjournal663522.
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A cytotoxic (IgG2b) monoclonal antibody (McAb) for a novel erythroid differentiation antigen was generated by hyperimmunizing young mice with mononuclear cells obtained from livers of 20- to 22-week-old fetuses. This McAb, designated SFL 23.6, shows an extremely well- defined reactivity with the cells of the erythroid lineage at all stages of maturation as evident from the labeling of morphologically identifiable erythroid precursors and of erythrocytes present in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and fetal liver, and from its reactivity with culture-derived erythroblasts. The nonerythroid cells present in these and other tissue preparations were not labeled by SFL 23.6. The erythroid lineage specificity of McAb SFL 23.6 was confirmed by a cell- sorting experiment in which 97% of the cells in the fluorescent fraction sorted from SFL 23.6-treated bone marrow cells were erythroid precursors at various stages of maturation. Complement-mediated cytotoxicity and progenitor cell-sorting experiments showed that most (greater than 90%) of the late erythroid progenitors (CFU-E) and only a small proportion of the early erythroid progenitors (BFU-E) express the antigenic determinant identified by SFL 23.6. The myeloid progenitors (CFU-GM) and multilineage progenitors (CFU-GEMM) were negative for the SFL 23.6 antigenic determinant. The antigen recognized by SFL 23.6 has not been determined as yet. Because of the pattern of its reactivity and its dependence on sialic acid residues, the possibility of its relationship to glycophoria A was entertained. However, previous work using antiglycophorin McAbs (R-10) has shown that this determinant is not expressed in CFU-E. Therefore, among the erythroid lineage-specific McAbs described thus far, SFL 23.6 is unique in its reactivity with CFU- E and the mature erythron. Reagents with such specificity may be useful in studies of erythroid differentiation and commitment.
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Martin, J. R., and Karl Maton. "Systemic Functional Linguistics and Legitimation Code Theory on Education: Rethinking field and knowledge structure." Onomázein Revista de lingüística filología y traducción, no. 2 (2017): 12–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.ne2.02.
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This paper presents an introduction to how systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) offer complementary insights into education, focusing on key ideas that brought the theories into dialogue over the past decade. It begins with a review of SFL work on field, which foregrounds the role of forms of knowledge in education. It then discusses how SFL scholars engaged with and understood Bernstein’s notions of ‘knowledge structures’ for modelling intellectual fields. This engagement raised a series of questions that were a basis for dialogue with LCT, which extends and integrates Bernstein’s framework. The paper introduces key concepts from two dimensions of LCT —Specialization and Semantics— enacted in papers in this special issue. It then briefly summarizes two major research projects into education that enact these concepts alongside SFL and provide a context to the papers of this special issue, before introducing how these papers illustrate the growing and fruitful transdisciplinary dialogue between SFL and LCT.
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Avdienko, Irina, Kateryna Zhukova, Anna Kotova, Nataliya Rudaya, and Elena Kholodniak. "SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE SECOND FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AT THE BASIC COURSE." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 3 (May 25, 2018): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3197.
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The aim of this work is to define special aspects of the second foreign language (SFL) grammar teaching at the basic course, because at Ukrainian universities the number of course hours for studying of the SFL is less than for the first one. This leads to more superficial learning of grammar material. In addition, it was believed that the grammar of the SFL can be taught in the context of the general course. The integration of vocabulary and grammar teaching hampered the thorough understanding of grammatical constructions by the students, as the study of the SFL came against the background of the first foreign language enhanced studying. For the scientific analysis of this issue, the methods of causality analysis and generalization were applied, which helped identify the priority of the communicative approach in the SFL grammar teaching, as this approach develops the oral and written skills of students. Nevertheless, there are some factors that impede the fluency of grammar material at the basic course of education. The article reveals problems and ways to solve them during the training. The authors consider that the communicative approach in the SFL grammar teaching will help master the language more quickly and efficiently, which meets the needs of modern society.
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To, Vinh, Quynh Lê, and Thao Lê. "Applying Halliday’s linguistic theory in qualitative data analysis." Qualitative Research Journal 15, no. 2 (May 5, 2015): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-11-2014-0059.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to discuss the usefulness of Halliday’s linguistic theory known as Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) in analysing qualitative data. In order to do this, it initially presents an overview of SFL, and then explains how and why four linguistic features namely, nominalisation, grammatical metaphor, thematic structure and lexical density are useful in examining qualitative data. The paper also discusses three social metafunctions of language known as the ideational, the interpersonal and the textual metafunctions which are significant for understanding and interpreting texts. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs SFL as the main theoretical framework to discussing the usefulness of this linguistics theory in qualitative data analysis. Findings – SFL can be seen as a paradigm shift in linguistic theory moving away from the traditional focus on syntax to the inclusion of the interface between language and pragmatics. The focus of SFL is language in use. It deals with texts in social contexts, which is the main focus in qualitative data analysis. Thus, SFL provides both research tools and theoretical insights for understanding and interpreting texts. Originality/value – This paper provides significant insights into language which are crucial for understanding and interpreting texts in social contexts.
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Patilaya, Popi, Dadang Irfan Husori, and Henny Sri Wahyuni. "Aktivitas Antelmintik Subfraksi dariFraksi Etanol Daun Pugun Tanoh [Picria fel-teraae (Lour.)]." Talenta Conference Series: Tropical Medicine (TM) 1, no. 3 (December 20, 2018): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/tm.v1i3.272.
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Pugun tanoh [Picria fel-terrae (Lour.)] merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat Indonesia yang memiliki potensi sebagai antelmintik. Ekstrak etanol daun pugun tanoh dan fraksi-fraksinya mampu membunuh cacing parasit Ascaris lumbricoides dan Ascaridia gali. Pengujian terhadap aktivitas antelmintik subfraksi dari ekstrak etanol tersebut perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk memperoleh senyawa bioaktifnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antelmintik subfraksi dari fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memfraksinasi 20g fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh secara kromatografi cair vakum dengan fase gerak landaian n-heksana-etil asetat dan etil asetat-metanol menggunakan fase diam silika gel 60H. Setiap 250 ml cuplikan ditampung dan ditentukan pola kromatogramnya dengan kromatografi lapis tipis menggunakan fase gerak n-heksana-etilasetat (70:30) dan fase diam silika gel GF254. Cuplikan dengan pola kromatografi yang sama dikumpulkan sebagai satu subfraksi. Setelah diuapkan, subfraksi diuji aktivitas antelmintiknya terhadap Pheretima posthuma.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh menghasilkan 4 subfraksi yaitu SF1 (0,10%), SF2 (4,00%), SF3 (4,05%), dan SF4 (73,55%). Waktu kematian P. posthuma akibat paparan SF1, SF2, SF3, dan SF4 masing-masing adalah 77,00 ± 1,00 menit; 56,33 ± 1,76 menit; 79,33 ± 1,33 menit; dan 112,33 ± 0,67 menit. Subfraksi dari fraksi etanol daun pugun tanoh memiliki aktivitas antelmintik dimana SF2 lebih kuat dibandingkan SF3, SF1, dan SF4.
Pugun tanoh [Picria fel-terrae (Lour.)] is one of the Indonesian medicinal plants which has the potential as an anthelmintic. Ethanol extract of pugun tanoh leaves and their fractions were able to destroy the parasitic worms Ascaris lumbricoides and Ascaridia. The evaluation of antelmintic activity of subfraction of ethanol extract needs to be done in an effort to obtain its bioactive compounds. This study aimed to determine the anthelmintic activity of subfraction of pugun tanoh leavesethanol fraction. The study was carried out by fractionating 20g ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves by vacuum liquid chromatography with a mobile phase of n-hexane-ethyl acetate and ethyl acetate-methanol using the stationary phase of silica gel 60H.Each 250 ml aliquot was collected and the chromatogram pattern was determined by thin layer chromatography using the n-hexane-ethylacetate(70:30) asmobile phase and silica gel GF254 as stationary phase. The Aliquots with same chromatographic pattern were collected as one subfraction. After being evaporated, the subfraction was tested for its anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma. The results showed that ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves produced 4 subfractions namely SF1 (0.10%), SF2 (4.00%), SF3 (4.05%), and SF4 (73.55%). The time of P. posthuma's death due to exposure to SF1, SF2, SF3, and SF4 was 77.00 ± 1.00; 56.33 ± 1.76; 79.33 ± 1.33; and 112.33 ± 0.67 minutes, respectively. Subfraction of ethanol fraction of pugun tanoh leaves has anthelmintic activity in which SF2 was stronger than SF3, SF1, and SF4
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Bellusci, S., G. Moens, J. P. Thiery, and J. Jouanneau. "A scatter factor-like factor is produced by a metastatic variant of a rat bladder carcinoma cell line." Journal of Cell Science 107, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 1277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107.5.1277.
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The rat bladder carcinoma epithelial NBT-II cell line undergoes, in vitro, a morphological transition to a fibroblast-like state in the presence of different growth factors. We have selected, in vivo, a metastatic clone, designated M-NBT-II, which has a mesenchymal phenotype and secretes into the culture medium a factor able to dissociate epithelial clusters of NBT-II or MDCK cells. This factor was designated scatter factor-like (SFL) by analogy to the HGF/SF, which has the same dissociating effect in these two cell lines. Here, we show that SFL factor and HGF/SF are different factors: (i) no HGF/SF transcripts could be detected using either specific rat HGF/SF cDNA probes or PCR; (ii) blocking antibodies against rat HGF/SF do not inhibit the SFL activity; and (iii) crude culture medium or partially purified SFL factor-containing fractions do not induce MDCK tubulogenesis, a biological assay that is specific for HGF/SF activity in vitro. We report the partial purification of the SFL factor, based on ion exchange and reverse-phase chromatography. The results indicate that the M-NBT-II metastatic variant secretes a dissociating factor sharing some common biological properties with the HGF/SF, which suggests that the SFL factor is a member of the HGF/SF family and may be involved in tumor progression.
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Hung, Le Dinh, and Dinh Thanh Trung. "Characterization of the C-type lectin from the marine sponge (Stylissa flexibilis)." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 17, no. 4 (November 2, 2020): 729–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/17/4/14649.
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A lectin from the marine sponge Stylissa flexibilis, designated as SFL, was purified by cold ethanol precipitation followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE Sepharose column and Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration. SFL is a dimeric glycoprotein of 32 kDa subunits linked by a disulfide bridge with a molecular mass of 64 kDa by SDS-PAGE and 65 kDa by Sephacryl S-200 gel filtration chromatography. The lectin preferentially agglutinated enzyme treated human A erythrocytes, whereas it did not agglutinate any type of rabbit, human B and O erythrocytes, irrespective of treatment with enzymes. The hemagglutination activity of lectin was strongly inhibited by monosaccharide, D-galactose and glycoproteins, asialo-porcine stomach mucin and asialo-fetuin, indicating that lectin is specific for O-glycans. Activity of SFL was stable over a range of pH from 5 to 8, up to 60 °C for 30 min and its activity was Ca2+ dependent, indicating that SFL was belonged to the C-type lectin family and requires metal for biological activity. SFL caused agglutination of Vibrio alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus in a dose dependent manner and inhibited the growth rate of these bacterial strains, suggesting that the lectin caused the agglutination through binding to the target receptor(s) on the surface of Vibrios. Thus, SFL can be considered as a good source of lectin(s) being useful as carbohydrate probe and antibacterial reagent.
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Syarifah, Eva Fitriani, and Wawan Gunawan. "Scaffolding in the Teaching of Writing Discussion Texts Based on SFL Genre-based Approach." English Review: Journal of English Education 4, no. 1 (August 19, 2016): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v4i1.306.
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Writing in a second or foreign language seems to be the most difficult language skill for language learners to acquire (Laksmi, 2006; Lestari, 2008; Negari, 2011). Some scholars proposed the implementation of SFL – genre based approach in teaching writing (Derewianka, 1990; Rothery, 1996). However, SFL genre based approach seems to be product or teaching outcomes oriented (Ahn, 2012; Emilia, 2011). Therefore, the concept of scaffolding in which possible supports the process of students‟ individual development is important to be emerged in the teaching stages of SFL – GBA (Bodrova & Leong, 1998; Mulatsih, 2011). As a result, This study focuses on the issue of scaffoldings in the teaching of writing discussion texts based on SFL – Genre Based Approach. It particularly aims to investigate how scaffolding processes are implemented in the teaching of writing discussion texts based on SFL-GBA and how they improve the students‟ writing performance. The data rely on teaching and learning process in a classroom with six students in a tertiary level as the focus participants. The method used in the data analysis adopted a qualitative design with reference especially to the theory of the scaffolding and SFL-GBA. The results of analysis show that scaffolding processes are implemented in terms of macro and micro scaffoldings and able to improve the students‟ writing performance specifically in terms of social function, schematic structures, and language features of discussion genre. It is recommended that future related research should be conducted in more diverse of educational settings to see how scaffoldings are implemented in a variety of teaching practices.Keywords: scaffolding, discussion texts, SFL, genre-based approach.
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Alvin, Leong Ping. "The thematic structure of homepages: An exploratory systemic-functional account." Semiotica 2016, no. 210 (May 1, 2016): 105–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2016-0048.
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AbstractThe visual social semiotic approach, based on Halliday’s systemic functional linguistics (SFL), is widely used in studies on multimodal texts. As SFL is a framework focusing on the functions of language, several SFL categories are re-conceptualized in visual social semiotics to handle the analysis and interplay of extra-linguistic features; other categories, however, are excluded. A consequence is that any insights offered by these excluded categories in multimodal texts remain obscured. This paper focused on one such category, theme, as a generator of expectations. It analyzed the thematic structure of twenty homepages to show that the different SFL themes are applicable and evident in such multimodal texts. It underscores the importance of theme as a point of departure of any discourse, textual or otherwise, allowing us to form expectations about how the rest of the discourse may be acceptably developed.
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Bimpong, William. "Supporting the speaking development of students in a Swahili-as-a-foreign-language (SFL) classroom." Ghana Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjl.v9i1.1.
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Till date, the development of students’ language skills in a Swahili-as-a-foreign-language (SFL) context has not been thoroughly investigated. Rather, a majority of work has focused on grammar. This paper examines the activities that are used in an elementary SFL classroom at an American University to support the speaking development of students. Observation and in-depth interviews reveal that there are four main speaking activities used to support students’ speaking development. The findings highlight the importance of purposefully selecting speaking activities to support the speaking development of students in a SFL classroom.
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Takamizawa, T., WW Barkmeier, A. Tsujimoto, DD Scheidel, RL Erickson, MA Latta, and M. Miyazaki. "Effect of Phosphoric Acid Pre-etching on Fatigue Limits of Self-etching Adhesives." Operative Dentistry 40, no. 4 (June 1, 2015): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/13-252-l.
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SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to use shear bond strength (SBS) and shear fatigue limit (SFL) testing to determine the effect of phosphoric acid pre-etching of enamel and dentin prior to application of self-etch adhesives for bonding resin composite to these substrates. Three self-etch adhesives—1) G- ænial Bond (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japan); 2) OptiBond XTR (Kerr Corp, Orange, CA, USA); and 3) Scotchbond Universal (3M ESPE Dental Products, St Paul, MN, USA)—were used to bond Z100 Restorative resin composite to enamel and dentin surfaces. A stainless-steel metal ring with an inner diameter of 2.4 mm was used to bond the resin composite to flat-ground (4000 grit) tooth surfaces for determination of both SBS and SFL. Fifteen specimens each were used to determine initial SBS to human enamel/dentin, with and without pre-etching with a 35% phosphoric acid (Ultra-Etch, Ultradent Products Inc, South Jordan, UT, USA) for 15 seconds prior to the application of the adhesives. A staircase method of fatigue testing (25 specimens for each test) was then used to determine the SFL of resin composite bonded to enamel/dentin using a frequency of 10 Hz for 50,000 cycles or until failure occurred. A two-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for analysis of SBS data, and a modified t-test with Bonferroni correction was used for the SFL data. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the area of the bonded restorative/tooth interface. For all three adhesive systems, phosphoric acid pre-etching of enamel demonstrated significantly higher (p<0.05) SBS and SFL with pre-etching than it did without pre-etching. The SBS and SFL of dentin bonds decreased with phosphoric acid pre-etching. The SBS and SFL of bonds using phosphoric acid prior to application of self-etching adhesives clearly demonstrated different tendencies between enamel and dentin. The effect of using phosphoric acid, prior to the application of the self-etching adhesives, on SBS and SFL was dependent on the adhesive material and tooth substrate and should be carefully considered in clinical situations.
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Grassi, M., G. Moens, P. Rousselle, J. P. Thiery, and J. Jouanneau. "The SFL activity secreted by metastatic carcinoma cells is related to laminin 5 and mediates cell scattering in an integrin-independent manner." Journal of Cell Science 112, no. 15 (August 1, 1999): 2511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.112.15.2511.
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We have previously reported that an in vivo-selected metastatic variant of NBT-II rat carcinoma cells, M-NBT-II, produces and secretes a factor with cell-scattering activity, SFL, that is potentially involved in tumor progression. This biological activity was purified and characterized as a laminin 5 (LN5) -related protein. This SFL/LN5 protein consists of the (alpha)3, (beta)3 and (gamma)2 chains of expected sizes. Laminin 5 is a multifunctional secreted glycoprotein thought to be involved in cell adhesion and migration, mainly via its interaction with (alpha)3(beta)1 and (alpha)6(beta)4 integrins. SFL/LN5, and purified human laminin 5, induced the scattering and motility of MDCK cells and the formation of actin stress fibers and focal contacts in A549 cells. These events were dependent on activation of the small GTP-binding protein Rho. (Alpha)v colocalized with vinculin in the focal contacts of activated cells whereas (alpha)3 and (alpha)6 integrins did not. Blocking antibodies directed against (alpha)3 and (alpha)6 integrins or the laminin 5 integrin-binding site did not abolish SFL/LN5 biological activity, which, in contrast, was completely inhibited by heparin. Thus, SFL/LN5 activity in epithelial cell scattering and cytoskeletal reorganization is probably independent of integrin receptors.
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Fadel, Hani T., Mohammed A. Zolaly, Manal O. Alharbi, Lujain A. Qarah, Maher S. Alrehili, Abdulaziz D. Alamri, and Ahmed M. Tarawah. "Oral Health Profiles and Related Quality of Life in Thalassemia Children in Relation to Iron Overload: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 16, 2020): 9444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249444.
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The aim was to assess the oral health of children with β-thalassemia major (BTM) and their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in relation to the serum ferritin level (SFL). Thirty-nine children with BTM underwent an interview, salivary sampling and an oral clinical examination. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used to assess their OHRQoL. The mean age of the participants was 9 ± 3 years, with 62% females. The body mass index and salivary secretion rate were within normal ranges. The mean plaque index, gingival bleeding index and number of decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces were 70 ± 29, 38 ± 25 and 3.2 ± 4, respectively, with no significant differences between individuals with SFL below or above 2000 ng/mL (p > 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in any of the ECOHIS questions (p > 0.05). The mean ECOHIS score was 4.2 ± 4. Individuals with SFL ≥2000 ng/mL had a significantly higher mean score in the family domain “Parent Distress” than those with lower SFL (p ≤ 0.05). Within the study limits, children with β-thalassemia major generally had high dental caries experience and gingival inflammation, yet an acceptable OHRQoL. Those with high SFL had less favorable scores in the domain “Parent Distress”.
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Fetahović, Fikreta. "Eleştirel Söylem Analizinde (CDA) Sistemik İşlevsel Dil Bilim (SFL)." Academic Perspective Procedia 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.05.01.6.
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Eleştirel söylem analizi (CDA) ve sistemik işlevsel dil bilimi (SFL) dil ve toplum arasındaki ilişkiyiinceleme konusunda ortak bir ilgiye sahiptir. CDA söylemleri analiz etmek için bir araç olaraksistemik işlevsel dil bilimi (SFL) kullanır. Başka dil modelleri olmasına rağmen, SFLꞌnın esas olarakdil kullanımına odaklanması, bilgilendirici ve sosyal işlevleri nedeniyle CDAnın özel ilgi alanınagirer. Diğer dilsel modeller de CDA için faydalıdır, ancak söz dizimsel yapıya ve dilin işlevselyönlerine daha az vurgu yaptıkları için araştırılmsı çekici değildir. Bu çalışma, sistemik işlevsel dilbilime (SFL) ve eleştirel söylem analizine (CDA) genel bir bakış sağlar ve fikirsel metafonksiyonungeçişlilik sistemi ve kişilerarası metafonksiyonun analizine odaklanır.
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Fetahović, Fikreta. "Eleştirel Söylem Analizinde (CDA) Sistemik İşlevsel Dil Bilim (SFL)." Academic Perspective Procedia 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.05.01.6.
Full textAbstract:
Eleştirel söylem analizi (CDA) ve sistemik işlevsel dil bilimi (SFL) dil ve toplum arasındaki ilişkiyiinceleme konusunda ortak bir ilgiye sahiptir. CDA söylemleri analiz etmek için bir araç olaraksistemik işlevsel dil bilimi (SFL) kullanır. Başka dil modelleri olmasına rağmen, SFLꞌnın esas olarakdil kullanımına odaklanması, bilgilendirici ve sosyal işlevleri nedeniyle CDAnın özel ilgi alanınagirer. Diğer dilsel modeller de CDA için faydalıdır, ancak söz dizimsel yapıya ve dilin işlevselyönlerine daha az vurgu yaptıkları için araştırılmsı çekici değildir. Bu çalışma, sistemik işlevsel dilbilime (SFL) ve eleştirel söylem analizine (CDA) genel bir bakış sağlar ve fikirsel metafonksiyonungeçişlilik sistemi ve kişilerarası metafonksiyonun analizine odaklanır.
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Krivenko, V. G., Yu L. Khodasevich, S. N. Pantuz, V. I. Emalyanenko, N. I. Borisova, and E. A. Permyakov. "HIGH SPEED REGISTRATION SPECTROFLUORIMETER SFL-S." NAUCHNOE PRIBOROSTROENIE 31, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18358/np-31-2-i2334.
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An experimental multifunctional high speed registration spectrofluorimeter SFL-S has been developed at the Institute for Biological Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The spectroflu-orimeter is designed to measure excitation and emission spectra of solutions and suspensions of bio-logical molecules and cells in the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectral regions in the course of fundamental and applied research in the field of physicochemical biology, biophysics, biochemistry, and medicine. Features of the instrument are: the possibility of high-speed registration of spectra by means of multichannel system (32 channels, more than 20 spectra per second); the ability to control the change of the temperature of the solution in the measuring cell according to a given algorithm (0 to 100 °C); the possibility of microtitration of the solution in the measuring cell using an automatic microtitrator.
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Kushwaha, Sumit. "Structure for Synonymous Flow Label (SFL)." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 19 (February 24, 2021): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23205.2020.19.37.
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Because of the very high loss rate in general activity, enhancements in connection and transmission innovations have made it more difficult to evaluate packet loss utilizing dynamic execution estimation techniques with plotted traffic. That, along with seriously requesting administration level necessities, implies that network administrators currently should have the option to quantify the loss of the actual user data traffic utilizing inactive execution estimation strategies. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) strategy portrays the prerequisite for presenting stream characters inside the MPLS architecture. This paper depicts a strategy for achieving this by utilizing a method called Synonymous Flow Label (SFL) in which names that imitate the conduct of different labels give the recognizable proof assistance. These identifiers can be utilized to trigger per stream procedure on the packet at the receiving label switching router.
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Matthiessen, Christian M. I. M., and Moslem Yousefi. "Systemic functional linguistics as a resource for teacher education and writing development." Language, Context and Text 4, no. 1 (April 6, 2022): 114–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/langct.20005.mat.
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Abstract This article provides an illustrative and necessarily selective review of scholarship in systemic functional linguistics (SFL) since the 1960s, examining two major strands of application within the institution of education: teacher education and writing development. We explore properties of SFL that have been significant in this institutional setting, asking: “What are the properties of SFL being applied in research in teacher education and writing development?” Five foundational properties emerged from the review (i.e. language as meaning-making resource, the cline of instantiation, ontogenesis or the process of learning how to mean, the hierarchy of stratification and the spectrum of different metafunctional modes of meaning). From this basis, we explicate how SFL-based pedagogies promote language learning and literacy practices in these educational domains. The article ends by suggesting how further explorations can be undertaken to enhance understanding of the potential of this social semiotic approach and its applied contributions to solving real-world problems.
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Schulze, Joshua M., and Anne C. Ittner. "Reflective Writing in Teacher Education in China: Insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics." Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 6, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i2.401.
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This article aims to demonstrate the application of theory to teaching practice by examining how two teacher educators drew upon systemic functional linguistics (SFL) as a pedagogical and analytical tool to inform their teaching of reflective writing to Mandarin-dominant teacher candidates enrolled in an ESOL course within an educator preparation program at a university using English Medium Instruction (EMI) in China. First, the authors describe how they incorporated the SFL appraisal framework into their teaching to bring their multilingual student writers’ attention to the language of evaluation as they prepared to construct reflective language learning autobiographies. Second, the authors demonstrate how SFL-informed text analysis of the appraisal resources used within students’ written reflections deepened their understanding of their students’ reflective writing practices and informed their teaching and course development. The article concludes with suggestions for using the SFL appraisal framework to support the reflective writing of their multilingual teacher candidates.
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Jing, Yi. "ENGLISH INTERJECTIONS AS A WORD CLASS: A TRI-STRATAL DESCRIPTION." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v7i1.6865.
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Traditionally known as interjections, the highly conventionalized linguistic forms like aha, hey, ouch, oh, sh, etc. have not been recognized as a word class in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). A proximate word class that does get acknowledged in SFL is the continuative (typically represented by well, oh, yes, no and now), while other members in the traditional class of interjections tend to be treated as bi-stratal forms in language, if not protolanguage. Studies that are non-SFL driven have affiliated interjections with routines, formulae, discourse particles, discourse markers, etc. Such terminological complexity can be solidified and cleared if interjections are perceived as a word class under the SFL framework. The present paper, thus, proposes to discuss interjections across the language strata – from below (phonology and graphology), from around about (lexicogrammar), and from above (semantics, in terms of the metafunctions). This holistic view will contribute to linguistic description of interjections and help enhance the understanding of interjections as a word class.
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Gebhard, Meg, and Holly Graham. "Bats and grammar: developing critical language awareness in the context of school reform." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 17, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-12-2017-0183.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyze how middle schoolers developed a critical awareness of language while participating in a curricular unit informed by systemic functional linguistics (SFL). This unit was developed to understanding and taking action to protect a local bat population in the context of school reforms shaping teaching and learning in the USA. It was designed to support a heterogeneous class of seventh graders in learning to read scientific explanations, write letters to government officials and develop a functional metalanguage to support them in analyzing how language simultaneously constructs ideas, enacts power dynamics and manages the flow of information in disciplinary texts. The questions guiding this study are: How do students use SFL metalanguage in text production and interpretation practices? Do their uses of SFL metalanguage support critical language awareness and reflection? And, if so, in what ways? Design/methodology/approach This study uses ethnographic methods to conduct teacher action research. Data include classroom transcripts, student writing samples and interviews. Findings The findings illustrate how students engaged with SFL, often playfully, to create their own student-generated functional metalanguage in highly productive ways. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to a growing body of scholarship that suggests SFL metalanguage can provide teachers and students with a powerful semiotic toolkit that enables them to navigate the demands of teaching and learning in the context of the Standardization and Accountability movement. Practical implications This study has implications teachers’ professional development and students’ disciplinary literacy development in the context of school reform. Originality/value To date, few studies have explored how students take up and transform SFL metalanguage into a tool for critical reflection, especially adolescents.
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Tanaka, Toru, Liying Sun, Kouhei Tsutani, and Nobuhiro Suzuki. "Rearrangements of mycoreovirus 1 S1, S2 and S3 induced by the multifunctional protein p29 encoded by the prototypic hypovirus Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 strain EP713." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 8 (August 1, 2011): 1949–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.031138-0.
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Mycoreovirus 1 (MyRV1), a member of the family Reoviridae possessing a genome consisting of 11 dsRNA segments (S1–S11), infects the chestnut blight fungus and reduces its virulence (hypovirulence). Studies have previously demonstrated reproducible induction of intragenic rearrangements of MyRV1 S6 (S6L: almost full-length duplication) and S10 (S10ss: internal deletion of three-quarters of the ORF), mediated by the multifunctional protein p29 encoded by the prototype hypovirus, Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) strain EP713, of the family Hypoviridae with ssRNA genomes. The current study showed that CHV1 p29 also induced rearrangements of the three largest MyRV1 segments, S1, S2 and S3, which encode structural proteins. These rearranged segments involved in-frame extensions of almost two-thirds of the ORFs (S1L, S2L and S3L, respectively), which is rare for a reovirus rearrangement. MyRV1 variants carrying S1L, S2L or S3L always contained S10ss (MyRV1/S1L+S10ss2, MyRV1/S2L+S10ss2 or MyRV1/S3L+S10ss2). Levels of mRNAs for the rearranged and co-existing unaltered genome segments in fungal colonies infected with each of the MyRV1 variants appeared to be comparable to those for the corresponding normal segments in wild-type MyRV1-infected colonies, suggesting that the rearranged segments were fully competent for packaging and transcription. Protein products of the rearranged segments were detectable in fungal colonies infected with S2L MyRV1/S2L+S10ss2 and S3L MyRV1/S3L+S10ss2, whilst S1L-encoded protein remained undetectable. S1L, S2L and S3L were associated with enhancement of the aerial hyphae growth rate. This study has provided additional examples of MyRV1 intragenic rearrangements induced by p29, and suggests that normal S1, S2 and S3 are required for the symptoms caused by MyRV1.
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Van, Hoang Van. "THE CATEGORY OF VOICE IN VIETNAMESE: A SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION." VNU Journal of Foreign Studies 37, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/2525-2445/vnufs.4653.
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This article is a functional description of the category of voice – arguably, one of the most slippery notions in the grammar of Vietnamese that seems to resist any satisfactory treatment. The theoretical framework employed for describing and interpreting the category is Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Three questions which form the basis of this study are: (1) “Does the system of VOICE exist in Vietnamese?”; if so, (2) “What are the delicate options available in the environment of VOICE in Vietnamese?”; and (3) “How can these delicate options be distinguished from the SFL perspective?” The answers to these questions show that unlike formal grammatical descriptions, VOICE exists in Vietnamese as a system; the environment of VOICE opens up a number of delicate options; and these delicate options can be distinguished along the three metafunctions: experiential, interpersonal, and textual. The answers to these questions also show that SFL is a highly relevant framework for describing and interpreting the system of VOICE in Vietnamese: SFL helps us investigate the category from a number of dimensions, enabling us to have a more comprehensive view of it. The study contributes to the application of SFL to the description of Vietnamese grammar - a non-Indo-European language, opening up new potentials for a comprehensive approach to the description of a Systemic Functional Grammar of Vietnamese for research, application, and teaching purposes.
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Askehave, Inger, and Marianne Grove Ditlevsen. "Berge, Coppock, Maagerø (red.): Å skape mening med språk. En samling artikler av M.A.K. Halliday, R. Hasan og J.R. Martin. Oslo: Cappelen Akademisk Forlag as, 1998." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 13, no. 24 (February 22, 2017): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v13i24.25573.
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The aim of this review article is to evaluate and discuss the above collection of syste-mic functional articles – translated into Norwegian and edited by Berge, Coppock and Maagerø. Furthermore, the article introduces the core concepts of SFL and provides an overview of the use of SFL in a Danish context.
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Mingsakoon, Pajonsak, and Udomkrit Srinon. "Development of Secondary School Students’ Generic Structure Execution in Personal Experience Recount Writing Texts through SFL Genre-based Approach." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 9, no. 6 (December 28, 2018): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.6p.112.
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This paper is a partial fulfillment of the dissertation undertaken with the case study of teaching writing recounts for the EFL Thai upper secondary school students with SFL genre-based approach at Hunkhapittayakom Secondary School, Hunkha District, Chainat Province, Thailand, the second semester of the academic year 2015. This study focused on the analysis of students’ generic structure development of recount writing texts through SFL perspective. Teaching of personal experience recount genre using the teaching-learning cycle of the SFL genre-based approach was employed to 26 Mattayom Suksa five students. The analysis of the students’ pretest writing texts showed that they could not control the structures of their texts in that these writing texts were non-conformed to the stages of recount writing, and the themes were sidetracked from the topic. However, when these students were exposed writing with the SFL genre-based approach, the analysis demonstrated that their personal experience recounts were positively developed with a higher degree of generic structure construction in terms of conformity when compared to the modeling texts of the literature review and the pretest texts at the commencement of the course. It was observable that all students could expand communicative details and dialogic expansion in their final personal experience recount texts from such the orientation stage, the series of the events and the re-orientation stage with some CODA, argumentative elaboration. This is argued that SFL genre-based approach helps promote the students’ understanding and writing ability about the meaning, purpose and organization of the personal experience recount texts insofar that they could independently execute the similar texts themselves in a more degree. The study suggested that the SFL genre-based approach should be promoted continuously to develop writing skill of secondary school students in all levels of education related or in other similar contexts.
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Hao, Ding-JUn. "Sacroiliac Fascial Lipocele Could be a Neglected Cause of Lumbosacral Pain: Case Study of Percutaneous Endoscopic Treatment." Pain Physician 2;18, no. 2;3 (March 14, 2015): E267—E269. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2015.18.e267.
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The pathological entities commonly associated with lumbosacral pain are the intervertebral discs, facet joints or surrounding muscle. However, in the absence of diagnostic confirmation of the aforementioned structures, the diagnosis may become confusing and intractable. Sacroiliac fascial lipocele (SFL), namely, pannicular hernia, could be a neglected cause. First reported by Ficarra et al in 1952, it was highlighted by the formation of lipocele in the sacroiliac fascia. Mostly, it could be spontaneously eliminated under conservative therapy. However, for intractable pain, surgical intervention may be the only choice. We will first present a typical case of SFL which was treated by percutaneous endoscopic surgery. Ultimately, a satisfactory outcome was achieved and maintained at 12 months follow-up. It is important to distinguish SFL some cases with lumbosacral back pain. Detailed physical examination, superficial ultrasonography and diagnostic nerve block are extremely valuable for acquiring a precise diagnosis. Overall, when considering the clinical outcome of such cases and the foregoing benefits, percutaneous endoscopic treatment could be an efficacious alternative treatment for SFL-related lumboscral back pain. Key words: Lumbosacral pain, hernia, panniculitis, endoscopes, minimally invasive surgery
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Ai, Lian, Xue Gang Luo, and Xiao Yan Lin. "Biosorption of Strontium Ions by Low-Cost Sunflower Stem and Leaf." Materials Science Forum 804 (October 2014): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.804.59.
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Low cost agricultural by-products are potential materials for water pollution treatment such as removal of radionuclide. This paper deals with removal of strontium ions from aqueous solution using sunflower stem (SFS) and leaf (SFL). Batch sorption experiments were performed as a function of initial solution pH, adsorbent dosage and initial strontium (II) concentration. The removal efficiency of strontium (II) increased with initial pH and achieved maximum values at a pH range of 4.0-7.0 both for SFS and SFL. The isotherm adsorption data was modeled best by the nonlinear Langmuir-Freundlich equation. The maximum sorption capacity of SFS and SFL were observed to be 17.87 and 22.31 mg/g under optimal conditions, respectively.
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Pasaribu, Monalisa, Tiurma Lumban Lumban, and Hernawati Samosir. "ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ REPORT WRITING FROM SFL-GP PERSPECTIVE AND ITS RELATION TO STUDENTS’ PROFICIENCY." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan 14, no. 1 (September 11, 2021): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/tip.v14i1.372.
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Academic writing is one of important skill to have students in tertiary education, including students of Information Technology Diploma. Using Systemic Functional Linguistics Genre Pedagogy (SFL GP), the students report writings are investigated, his research aims at investigating how students comprehend SFL GP in their report writing and find out the relationship between students’ knowledge of SFL GP with their language proficiency. The texts are analyzed using the genre division by Rose and Martin. The results of the analysis will be used to investigate if the knowledge of genre writing for technology-based students is related to their language proficiency. This research contributes to better use of genre pedagogy for science students, more specifically, students of Information Technology.
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Pineh, Aiyoub Jodairi. "A Critical Review of Consciousness-Raising Approaches: Applied Linguistics vs. Systemic Functional Linguistics." International Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 2 (April 7, 2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i2.9273.
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<p class="2"><span lang="EN-AU">This paper is a critical review of the notion of consciousness-raising approach in the mainstream Applied Linguistics (AL) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). It reviews the development of this approach from traditional grammarian perspectives to the recent developments in AL, and compares and contrasts this approach in AL with the notion of grammatical metaphor (GM) in SFL as a compatible resource for consciousness-raising. The paper concludes that SFL introduces new and developmental resources of consciousness at different times and spaces, which is subject to further linguistic investigations. It has also implications for the English language teaching and learning in EFL contexts. </span></p>
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Martin, J. R. "3. MEANING BEYOND THE CLAUSE: SFL PERSPECTIVES." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 22 (March 2002): 52–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719050200003x.
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This chapter takes note of the longstanding orientation Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) to discourse studies before moving to a more detailed and selective presentation of current developments in SFL with respect to discourse models, developing research methodologies, and applications to different domains. The reinterpretation of cohesion as discourse semantics (identification, negotiation, conjunction, and ideation) is reviewed with respect to metafunctions (textual, interpersonal, and ideational). This work on texture is then related to social context through the register variables tenor, field and mode alongside genre. The chapter then reviews recent SFL-inspired research that applies these models to analysis of discourse across languages, modalities of communication, and domains. Work done on school and workplace discourse has raised new questions about appropriate units of discourse structure and their relationship to register analysis. It is predicted that some of these questions may be answered by the development of improved software for discourse analyses affording greater specificity in mapping the relationships among genres.
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Yim, Kijeong, Tony Wong, Richard J. Rand, and Eva Schinnerer. "Volumetric star formation prescriptions in vertically resolved edge-on galaxies." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 3 (April 20, 2020): 4558–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1020.
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ABSTRACT We measure the gas disc thicknesses of the edge-on galaxy NGC 4013 and the less edge-on galaxies (NGC 4157 and 5907) using CO (CARMA/OVRO) and/or H i (EVLA) observations. We also estimate the scale heights of stars and/or the star formation rate (SFR) for our sample of five galaxies using Spitzer IR data (3.6 and 24 µm). We derive the average volume densities of the gas and the SFR using the measured scale heights along with radial surface density profiles. Using the volume density that is more physically relevant to the SFR than the surface density, we investigate the existence of a volumetric star formation law (SFL), how the volumetric SFL is different from the surface-density SFL, and how the gas pressure regulates the SFR based on our galaxy sample. We find that the volumetric and surface SFLs in terms of the total gas have significantly different slopes, while the volumetric and surface SFLs in terms of the molecular gas do not show any noticeable difference. The volumetric SFL for the total gas has a flatter power-law slope of 1.26 with a smaller scatter of 0.19 dex compared to the slope (2.05) and the scatter (0.25 dex) of the surface SFL. The molecular gas SFLs have similar slopes of 0.78 (volume density) and 0.77 (surface density) with similar rms scatters. We show that the interstellar gas pressure is strongly correlated with the SFR but find no significant difference between the correlations based on the volume and surface densities.
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Kaifoszova, Zuzana, and Petr Widimsky. "Increasing the Penetration of Primary Angioplasty in Europe." European Cardiology Review 8, no. 1 (2012): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2012.8.1.60.
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Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is recommended by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) treatment guidelines as the preferred treatment for ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI) whenever it is available within 90–120 minutes of the first medical contact. A survey conducted in 2008 in 51 ESC countries found that the annual incidence of hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction is around 1,900 patients per million population, with an incidence of STEMI of about 800 per million. It showed that STEMI patients’ access to reperfusion therapy and the use of PPCI or thrombolysis (TL) vary considerably between countries. Northern, western and central Europe already have well-developed PPCI services, offering PPCI to 60–90 % of all STEMI patients. Southern Europe and the Balkans are still predominantly using TL. Where this is the case, a higher proportion of patients are left without any reperfusion treatment. The survey concluded that a nationwide PPCI strategy results in more patients being offered reperfusion therapy. To address the inequalities in STEMI patients’ access to life-saving PPCI, and to support the implementation of the ESC STEMI treatment guidelines in Europe, the Stent for Life (SFL) Initiative was launched jointly by the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) and EuroPCR in 2008. National cardiac societies from Bulgaria, France, Greece, Serbia, Spain and Turkey signed the SFL Declaration at the ESC Congress in Barcelona in 2009. The aim of the SFL Initiative is to improve the delivery of, and STEMI patients’ access to, life-saving PPCI and thereby reduce mortality and morbidity. Currently, 10 national cardiac societies support the SFL Initiative in their respective countries. SFL national action programmes have been developed and are being implemented in several countries. The formation of regional PPCI networks involving emergency medical services, non-percutaneous coronary intervention hospitals and PPCI centres is considered to be a critical success factor in implementing PPCI services effectively. This article describes examples of how SFL countries are progressing in implementing their national programmes, thus increasing PPCI penetration in Europe.
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Joshi, Praveen, Chandra Thapa, Seyit Camtepe, Mohammed Hasanuzzaman, Ted Scully, and Haithem Afli. "Performance and Information Leakage in Splitfed Learning and Multi-Head Split Learning in Healthcare Data and Beyond." Methods and Protocols 5, no. 4 (July 13, 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps5040060.
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Machine learning (ML) in healthcare data analytics is attracting much attention because of the unprecedented power of ML to extract knowledge that improves the decision-making process. At the same time, laws and ethics codes drafted by countries to govern healthcare data are becoming stringent. Although healthcare practitioners are struggling with an enforced governance framework, we see the emergence of distributed learning-based frameworks disrupting traditional-ML-model development. Splitfed learning (SFL) is one of the recent developments in distributed machine learning that empowers healthcare practitioners to preserve the privacy of input data and enables them to train ML models. However, SFL has some extra communication and computation overheads at the client side due to the requirement of client-side model synchronization. For a resource-constrained client side (hospitals with limited computational powers), removing such conditions is required to gain efficiency in the learning. In this regard, this paper studies SFL without client-side model synchronization. The resulting architecture is known as multi-head split learning (MHSL). At the same time, it is important to investigate information leakage, which indicates how much information is gained by the server related to the raw data directly out of the smashed data—the output of the client-side model portion—passed to it by the client. Our empirical studies examine the Resnet-18 and Conv1-D architecture model on the ECG and HAM-10000 datasets under IID data distribution. The results find that SFL provides 1.81% and 2.36% better accuracy than MHSL on the ECG and HAM-10000 datasets, respectively (for cut-layer value set to 1). Analysis of experimentation with various client-side model portions demonstrates that it has an impact on the overall performance. With an increase in layers in the client-side model portion, SFL performance improves while MHSL performance degrades. Experiment results also demonstrate that information leakage provided by mutual information score values in SFL is more than MHSL for ECG and HAM-10000 datasets by 2×10−5 and 4×10−3, respectively.