Journal articles on the topic 'SF-CW'
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1
Liu, Lin, and Ju Ming Yao. "Wet-Spinning of Reinforced Artificial Silk Hybrid Fibres by Cellulose Whiskers." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.272.
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In this paper, the cellulose whisker/silk fibroin (CW/SF) aqueous solution with different composition was obtained by a dialysis against polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution at room temperature. The rheological behavior of CW/SF solution was investigated and the reinforced CW/SF hybrid fibres were prepared by a dry-wet spinning method. The results showed that the spinnability was better for the CW/SF solution according to the calculation of flowing characteristic index. The cellulose whiskers were dispersed homogeneously in the silk matrix. Moreover, it could be found that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the hybrid fibers were improved with the increase of cellulose whisker content, which reached the maximum when the cellulose whisker content was 5 wt%. Compared with the pure silk fiber, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the CW/SF hybrid fibers containing 5 wt% CWs were increased from 135.78±12.73 MPa and 5.74±0.43 GPa to 438.68±22.63 MPa and 17.36±2.04 GPa, respectively.
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Xu, Fujun, Liangang Zheng, Kun Zhang, Mohamed Amine Aouraghe, Sidra Saleemi, Yanhong Cao, and Yiping Qiu. "Mechanical Properties and Failure Analysis of 3D-Woven Copper Wire/Glass Fiber Hybrid Composites." AATCC Journal of Research 7, no. 5 (September 1, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ajr.7.5.3.
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Three-dimensional woven fabrics with excellent structural integrity are a very promising structure for multifunctional materials hybridized with various yarns. To systematically investigate mechanical properties and failure analysis of 3D-woven hybrid composites, copper wire/glass fiber composites with two hybrid structures, single-face copper wire (SF-CW) and double-face copper wire (DF-CW), were fabricated and tested. The SF-CW hybrid composites showed excellent tensile strength (1214 MPa) and bending strength (964 MP), which was greater than that of the DF-CW hybrid composites. Additionally, the compression strength and impact resistance of both composites exhibited comparable properties with traditional materials. Furthermore, all failure cross sections showed superior structural integrity and anti-delaminate properties, demonstrating that 3D-woven composites can be a good candidate platform by hybridization with various multifunctional yarns.
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Morrison, K. "Effective Bandwidth SF-CW SAR increase using frequency agility." IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine 21, no. 6 (June 2006): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/maes.2006.1662006.
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Billore, S. K., N. Singh, J. K. Sharma, P. Dass, and R. M. Nelson. "Horizontal Subsurface Flow Gravel Bed Constructed Wetland with Phragmites Karka in Central India." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 3 (August 1, 1999): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0158.
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Treatment performance of a field-scale horizontal subsurface (SF) constructed wetland (CW) was evaluated for removal efficiency of BOD, TSS, NH4-N, NO3-N, TKN and P from municipal wastewater emanating from a small community of residential areas in Ujjain, Central India. The SF wetland had a rectangular size and covered an effective surface area of 41.82 m2 with a water retention capacity of 18 m3. The SF medium was composed of a gravel bed supported below on a layer of puddled local clay and overlaid by a thin synthetic liner. CW was planted initially with locally grown grass, Phragmites karka. Plants placed in this rectangular design at the rate of 3 to 4 plants per m2 increased to 6157 plants within ten months producing a biomass of 121 tonnes ha−1. The influent was pretreated before entering the SF system, through two baffles; a grass covered small ditch, followed by a narrow tunnel of packed biofilmed boulders. Removal rates of TSS (48%), TKN (36%), NH4-N (22%) and NO3-N as zero percent were realised. An earthen channel provided initial pretreatment by a land treatment system. Average treatment performance after five months from this SF system recorded removal efficiencies of 78% for NH4-N, TSS; 58-65% for P, BOD and TKN. Effluent dissolved oxygen levels increased to 34% indicating existence of aerobic conditions in the rooted-gravel bed. The SF system overall results established: (a) very cost-effective treatment technology, (b) SF removal efficiency above 50% for BOD, NH4-N, TKN, and P. This SF system presents a unique design consideration compared with the land-intensive Kickuth standard system design.
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Wojciechowska, Ewa. "Removal of persistent organic pollutants from landfill leachates treated in three constructed wetland systems." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 1164–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.316.
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The objective of the study was assessment of occurrence and removal of two groups of persistent organic pollutants: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in landfill leachate (LL) treated in three constructed wetland systems (CWs) of different construction and flow regime. Two subsurface flow systems (SSF) were analyzed: one with horizontal flow and the second one consisting of two vertical flow beds followed by a horizontal flow bed. The third CW was a surface flow (SF) system, consisting of 10 ponds connected in series. The concentrations of 12 PAHs and 7 PCBs were measured in the samples of LL after subsequent treatment stages and in the sediment samples from the SF system as well as in the substrate samples from the SSF flow systems. It was confirmed that the major mechanism of PCB and PAH removal in CW systems was adsorption to the bottom sediments (in the SF system) or substrate of the beds (in the SSF systems) as well as adsorption to suspended solids, followed by sedimentation. The compounds characterized by higher octanol/water partition coefficient were more effectively retained in the sediments. Also removal of these substances occurred in the earlier stages of treatment.
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Araya-Schmidt, Tomas, Leonore Olsen, Lasse Rindahl, Roger B. Larsen, and Paul D. Winger. "Alternative bait trials in the Barents Sea snow crab fishery." PeerJ 7 (May 13, 2019): e6874. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6874.
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Commercial harvesting of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) in the Barents Sea started in 2012 by Norwegian fishing vessels. This new fishery has significant bait requirements, representing an emerging conservation challenge. In this study, we evaluate the performance of five alternative (natural) baits manufactured from the waste stream of existing and sustainably managed harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) capture. Five different types of new bait were evaluated, including seal fat (SF), seal fat with skin (SFS), seal meat with bone (SMB), whale fat with skin (WFS), and whale meat with fat (WMF). A comparative fishing experiment was conducted onboard a commercial snow crab fishing vessel in the Barents Sea (May–June, 2016) to evaluate the performance of traditional bait (squid, Illexs spp.) and alternative baits at catching snow crabs. Performance of the different baits were compared on the basis of the number of commercial crab caught per trap haul catch per unit effort (CPUE) and carapace width (CW). Our results showed that SF and SFS performed equally well to traditional bait, with no statistical difference in CPUE (p-value = 0.325 and 0.069, respectively). All of the other experimental baits significantly decreased CPUE, when compared to squid. No significant effect of bait treatment on CW was detected and the cumulative distribution of CW was the same between control traps and each of the bait treatments. Overall the results indicated that SF and SFS represent a viable alternative to replace traditional bait, addressing a key conservation challenge in this bait intensive snow crab fishery.
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Maurice, Nicolas, Cécile Pochet, Nouceiba Adouani, and Marie-Noëlle Pons. "Role of Seasons in the Fate of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nutrients in a Large-Scale Surface Flow Constructed Wetland." Water 14, no. 9 (May 4, 2022): 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091474.
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The role of seasons in the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nutrients and in changes in the spectral properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a large-scale surface flow constructed wetland (SF-CW) receiving reclaimed water and composed of three basins with different vegetation patterns was studied. Dissolved nitrogen removal efficiencies within the three basins in summer (>50%) and winter (<30%) were significantly different. SF-CW water is enriched in DOC in spring and summer with average outlet concentrations above 8 mg×L−1. UV-visible indices, such as the specific absorbance at 254 nm or the spectral slope between 275 and 295 nm, did not vary over the seasons; thus, the basins did not change DOM aromaticity and average molecular weight. Synchronous fluorescence spectra showed variations in terms of protein-like and humic-like substances, the latter being more sensitive to photodegradation. A lab-scale photodegradation experiment confirmed that radiation from the sun was responsible for this decrease, showing this process could alter the composition of DOM at full-scale. DOM variations result from a seasonal competition between release by vegetation and photodegradation. These results validate the necessity for long-term monitoring of SF-CWs, and the utility of rapid optical methods to monitor DOC.
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Yuan, S., Q. X. Xia, X. Q. Cheng, and G. F. Xiao. "Simulation study on the texture evolution mechanism of magnesium alloy cylindrical parts with inner ribs during hot power spinning." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1270, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1270/1/012081.
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Grasping the mechanism of texture evolution during hot power spinning of magnesium alloy cylindrical parts with inner ribs, which have the dual lightweight advantages of material and structure, can provide a theoretical basis for texture regulation in the preparation of high-performance magnesium alloys. Based on the crystal plastic finite element method, the macro-meso coupled model was constructed and the simulation study of magnesium alloy cylindrical parts with inner ribs during hot power spinning was carried out. The texture evolution mechanism at the position of cylindrical wall (CW) and inner rib (IR) was revealed by tracking the change of grain orientation and the analysis of Schmid factor (SF). The results show that the c-axis of grains of magnesium alloy extruded blank gradually deflects from parallel to tangential direction (TD) to parallel to radial direction (RD). Under the action of radial compressive stress, the formation of texture at CW is attributed to the orientation deflection of grains which have larger SF of basal slip system and locate in the region of the maximum texture strength of blank, while the origin of the texture at IR mainly comes from the orientation deflection of grains with a smaller (0.1~0.2) SF of basal slip system.
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Feng, Jiacheng, Xi Cheng, Xiao Li, Peng Wang, Weihong Hua, and Kai Han. "Highly Efficient Mid-Infrared Generation from Low-Power Single-Frequency Fiber Laser Using Phase-Matched Intracavity Difference Frequency Mixing." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 23, 2020): 7454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217454.
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In this paper, we demonstrated efficient mid-infrared generation using a low-power 1064 nm single-frequency (SF) fiber laser based on phase-matched intracavity difference frequency generation (DFG) in a continuous-wave (CW) periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN)-based optical parametric oscillator (OPO). This is the first time that the frequency down conversion of a low-power SF light source has been achieved using intracavity difference frequency mixing. A high power 1018 nm fiber laser was firstly used for building the parametric oscillation and providing the high power resonant signal wave. To realize an efficient DFG process between the SF pump wave and the intracavity signal wave, the temperature of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) crystal was properly adjusted to satisfy the phase-matching conditions. Finally, the low-power 1064 nm SF pump wave was successfully converted to a 3.7 μm mid-infrared wave with a conversion efficiency of 21.6%. The conversion efficiency, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest for SF lasers in DFG processes. Meanwhile, taking advantage of SF laser pumping, a narrow linewidth of 271 pm (5.9 GHz) in the mid-infrared region was achieved without adding any etalons or devices in the cavity.
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Solimene, Raffaele, Francesco Soldovieri, Andrea Baratonia, and Rocco Pierri. "Experimental Validation of a Linear Inverse Scattering TWI Algorithm by a SF-CW Radar." IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 9 (2010): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lawp.2010.2051012.
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Monsalves, Naomi, Ana María Leiva, Gloria Gómez, and Gladys Vidal. "Antibiotic-Resistant Gene Behavior in Constructed Wetlands Treating Sewage: A Critical Review." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (July 12, 2022): 8524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148524.
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The main objective of this review is to evaluate the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs) used to reduce antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) during sewage treatment. To accomplish this objective, statistical and correlation analyses were performed using published data to determine the influence of operational and design parameters on ARG reduction in CWs. The effects of design and operational parameters, such as different CW configurations, seasonality, monoculture and polyculture, support medium, and hydraulic retention time (HRT), on ARG removals, were analyzed. A comparison of ARG reduction under different CW configurations showed that the hybrid configuration of surface flow (SF)–vertical subsurface flow (VSSF) achieved the highest reductions, with values of 1.55 ulog. In this case, aeration is considered an important factor to reduce ARGs in CWs, and it should be considered in future studies. However, statistical analyses showed that the ARG reductions under different CW configurations were not significant (p > 0.05). The same behavior was observed when the effects of operational factors on ARG reductions were analyzed (p > 0.05). The results of this study show that CWs are not optimal technologies to reduce ARGs in sewage. The combination of CWs with advanced wastewater technologies can be a solution for enhancing ARG reduction and reducing the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Xing, Cheng, Jing Jing Huang, and Xian Quan Han. "Research on the Environmental Effects of GB-SAR for Dam Monitoring." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 392–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.392.
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The all-weather, non-contact and high-accuracy deformation monitoring can be realized by using the GB-SAR system, which includes three key technologies such as Stepped Frequency Continuous Wave (SF-CW), synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and interferometry. In this paper, a deformation monitoring experiment made at Geheyan Dam is described. The effects on the monitoring data caused by atmospheric changes are analyzed, and the monitoring results are statistically analyzed. The results show that the deformation information of the entire dam surface can be reflected accurately with the monitoring data corrected by the environmental correction methods, and these corrected data can be used for analyzing the stability of the dam.
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Drumond, Nélio, and Sven Stegemann. "An Investigation into the Relationship between Xanthan Gum Film Coating Materials and Predicted Oro-Esophageal Gliding Performance for Solid Oral Dosage Forms." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12 (December 20, 2020): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121241.
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Oral drug therapy is generally provided in the form of solid oral dosage forms (SODF) that have to be swallowed and move throughout the oro-esophageal system. Previous studies have provided evidence that the oro-esophageal transit of SODF depends on their shape, size, density, and surface characteristics. To estimate the impact of SODF surface coatings during esophageal transit, an in vitro system was implemented to investigate the gliding performance across an artificial mucous layer. In this work, formulations comprised of different slippery-inducing agents combined with a common film forming agent were evaluated using the artificial mucous layer system. Xanthan gum (XG) and polyethylene glycol 1500 (PEG) were applied as film-forming agents, while carnauba wax (CW), lecithin (LE), carrageenan (CA), gellan gum (GG) and sodium alginate (SA), and their combination with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), were applied as slippery-inducing components. All tested formulations presented lower static friction (SF) as compared to the negative control (uncoated disc, C, F0), whereas only CW/SLS-based formulations showed similar performance to F0 regarding dynamic friction (DF). The applied multivariate analysis approach allowed a higher level of detail to the evaluation and supported a better identification of excipients and respective concentrations that are predicted to improve in vivo swallowing safety.
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Kamogawa, Keiji, Takashi Fujii, and Teizo Kitagawa. "Improved Fluorescence Rejection in Measurements of Raman Spectra of Fluorescent Compounds." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 2 (February 1988): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884428121.
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Practical ways to achieve fluorescence rejection were developed by using the technique of Raman difference spectroscopy and a gated diode-array detector. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio, we had to circumvent the problem presented by the fact that the sensitivities of each element of the diode-array detector are not always uniform and linear—a problem which results in an apparent noise in the observed spectra. Therefore, in this study we tried to separately observe a Raman-plus-fluorescence spectrum ( ST) and a pure fluorescence spectrum ( SF), with a high S/N ratio, and to obtain a Raman spectrum ( SR) as their difference. With a cw Ar+ laser, ST and SF were excited at different wavelengths but recorded in the same wavelength region. This procedure was easy and quite successful for compounds, such as methyl orange and methylene blue, that have a Raman-to-fluorescence intensity ratio ( IR/ IF) of greater than 0.01. With a mode-locked and Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, ST and SF were obtained from different timings of the detector gate (6 ns), i.e., −6 to 0 ns for ST and 3 to 9 ns for SF. The temporal discrimination between Raman and fluorescence photons combined with the Raman difference technique significantly improved the 532-nm excited Raman spectrum of the tetraphenylporphyrin solution. This method is applicable to compounds with an IK/ IF of smaller than 0.01. The time-correlated single photon counting method with a time-to-amplitude converter was improved, to enable it to work with a high repetition rate, and was applied to a Rhodamine 6G solution, which was also examined by the gated Raman difference technique. Advantages and problems associated with each technique and appropriate methods for a given sample will be discussed.
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Gibb, M. J., and R. D. Baker. "Compensatory growth and body composition changes in grazing steers following silage feeding without or with a supplement of fish meal and monensin." Animal Science 52, no. 2 (April 1991): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100012733.
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ABSTRACTThe effects of fish meal and monensin supplementation of silage on the growth and composition Friesian steers was examined in winter and subsequently during grazing. Four-month-old steers were given grass silage ad libitum, alone (U) or mixed with fish meal and monensin at 100 and 0·005 g/ dry matter (DM) of silage (S) for 17 weeks. Empty body weight (EBW) and carcass weight (CW) gains were significantly increased by supplementation (810 v. 495, and 553 v. 332 g/day, respectively). Although treatment S steers were heavier, their composition at turn-out was similar to that of the treatment U animals: mean fat, crude protein (CP), water, ash and energy contents were 121, 187, 640, 51 g/kg and 9·10MJ/kg EBW, respectively. During the following 20 weeks, six animals from each treatment grazed a perennial ryegrass/white clover sward unsupplemented (UU and SU), supplemented with a fish meal/maize/molassine meal (50:35: 15) pelleted diet and monensin at 4 g/kg live weight (LW) per day and 0·1 mg/kg LW per day, respectively, (UMF and SMF). A further group of six steers from treatment S received the pelleted diet without monensin during grazing (SF). Steers from treatment U showed significant compensation in EBW and in carcass growth at pasture, irrespective of whether they received a supplement, which led to a marked reduction of the differences in EBW and CW by final slaughter. Composition at final slaughter showed no significant effect winter nutrition, with the exception of fat content (g/kg EBW), which was significantly lower animals from treatment SU. Steers from treatments UMF and SMF had slightly higher rates of fat, CP, water and energy deposition, which resulted in higher fat and lower water contents (g/kg EBW) than those from treatments UU and SU, although these differences were not significant. Steers on treatment SF had gains and final compositions intermediate between those on treatments SU and SMF. Supplementation was cost effective in winter, but marginal in summer.
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Rocha Martins, Walmer Bruno, Victor Pereira De Oliveira, and Michael Douglas Roque Lima. "Use of morphometry in the arborization of Paragominas city, Pará, Brazil, with Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos (Bignoniaceae)." REVISTA AGRO@MBIENTE ON-LINE 12, no. 3 (October 29, 2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v12i3.4975.
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The study of the morphometry of individual trees, especially those planted in urban spaces has
become important for the effective planning of available space use. The objective of this study was to describe
the morphometric variables for individuals of the species Handroanthus impetiginosus Mattos (pink trumpet
tree, pink ipe) used for urban tree-planting in the municipality of Paragominas, Pará State, northern Brazil. The
study evaluated 15 continuously distributed individual trees per street, one street per neighborhood. For each
sampled tree, the dendrometric data were collected, which were later converted to morphometric variables.
Mean values for Total Height (TH), Canopy Width (CW), Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) and Canopy Diameter
(CD) were 6.48, 3.98, 0.19 and 4.95, respectively. Canopy Ratio (CR), Slenderness Factor (SF) and Salience
Index (SI) values of 61.95, 35.16 and 26.44 were calculated. Mean Coverage Index (CI) was 0.78, and Canopy
Form (CF) was considered to be more elongated, both vertically and horizontally and, with a mean value of
1.35, could be used as a criterion to determine the need for silvicultural intervention. Coefficient of Variation
(CV) values lay between 20 and 43%, showing high variation due to the lack of experimental control and the
action a wide-variety of growth-influencing variables. There was a moderate positive correlation for the SG and
SI (0.522) and for CI and HR (0.631). The morphometric variables obtained from H. impetiginosus individuals
reveal growth form data that should be considered when planning new urban areas for implantation.
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Janeczek, Kamil, Aneta Arazna, Bartłomiej Salski, Krzysztof Lipiec, and Małgorzata Jakubowska. "Printed HF antennas for RFID on-metal transponders." Circuit World 42, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-10-2015-0046.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate screen-printed high-frequency (HF) antennas for radio frequency identification (RFID) on-metal transponders in which a magnetic sheet was used as a substrate material. Design/methodology/approach – A transponder antenna was designed in the form of square coil using a high-frequency electromagnetic software. Then, the antenna was fabricated with screen printing technique on two different magnetic sheets (RFN4 and RFN7) and on polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) foil for comparison. Its printing was carried out with polymer pastes based on silver flakes (PM-406 and SF). Thickness, track width and spacing were examined for the antennas using digital microscope and contact profilometer. Resistance and inductance were also measured, and resonant frequency, quality factor and target values of capacitance to achieve resonant frequency of the tested antenna at 13.56 MHz were calculated. Finally, RFID chips were mounted to the prepared antennas using an isotropic conductive adhesive, and a maximum read distance was measured with a reader installed in a smartphone. Findings – It was found that an antenna thickness on the magnetic sheets used was higher than on PEN foil. At the same time, surface roughness of the fabricated antennas on these sheets was revealed to be higher as well. Inductance of the measured antennas exhibited good conformity with the antenna design, but higher divergence was noticed in the measured resistance. Its lowest value was achieved when the antenna was printed with the paste PM-406 on PEN foil and the highest one when it was fabricated with the paste SF on the same substrate. This suggests that high attention needs to be paid to a polymer paste selected for antenna printing. The performed tests showed that the magnetic sheet RFN4 seems to be better substrate for on-metal transponders compared to RFN7 due to lower resistance and higher quality factor of the prepared antennas. Research limitations/implications – Further investigations are required to examine mechanical and thermal durability of the HF antennas printed on the magnetic sheets. Practical implications – The investigated HF antennas fabricated on magnetic sheets can find application in near field communication (NFC) transponders designed to be placed on metallic surfaces, e.g. on frames of advertising screens. Originality/value – Influence of used magnetic sheets and polymer pastes on geometry and electrical properties of HF antennas for RFID on-metal transponders was investigated. The presented investigations can be interesting for NFC/RFID designers who are involved in designing systems suitable for metallic surfaces.
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"Scheduling Schemes in Dynamic Multilevel Packet Scheduling in WSN." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 2 (July 30, 2019): 3800–3804. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.b1714.078219.
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As focusing on the scheduling schemes, there are many scheduling schemes for multilevel. So the paper is concentrating to compare the scheduling schemes and producing the average waiting time and turnaround time. If it is minimized then the overall performance may shoot up. In this paper comparison is done between three scheduling schemes Enhanced Dynamic Multilevel Packet scheduling (EDMP), Circular Wait Dynamic Multilevel Packet scheduling (CW-DMP) and Starvation-Free Dynamic Multilevel Packet scheduling (SF-DMP). In all the above schemes there are three priority levels say priority level 1(Pr1), priority level 2(Pr2) and priority level 3(Pr3). Pr1 will comprise the real time tasks, Pr2 containing the non real time remote tasks and non real time local tasks are there in Pr3. In each and every scheme, each and every priority level will be using the individual scheduling technique to schedule the tasks. Also the comparison is done based on waiting time and the turnaround time of the task thereby the average waiting time and the average turnaround time are calculated.
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Sivasamy, Saravanan, M. Marsaline Beno Maria, and Prabhu Sundaramoorthy. "Performance investigation of doubly salient outer rotor switched reluctance motor using finite element analysis." Circuit World ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (July 5, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-06-2020-0115.
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Purpose The automotive industry extensively uses switched reluctance motors (SRM) because of their excellent performance. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the design of a particular type of SRM called doubly salient outer rotor switched reluctance motor (DSORSRM) for electric vehicle application in this paper. Design/methodology/approach Different configurations of DSORSRM motor such as long flux path SRM, reduced flux path mutually coupled SRM and short flux path SRM (SF-SRM) are considered for investigation. The best configuration based on average torque is selected for further investigation by conducting an electromagnetic analysis. Also, in the proposed design, laminating material with low iron loss and superior performance characteristics is selected by doing electromagnetic analysis for SRM with M19, M660-50D, M-19 and M800-100A non-oriented laminating core material. Because vibrations are produced in DSORSRM devices as a result of changing induction, a mechanical analysis was performed to estimate the natural frequencies of vibration and the amplitudes that may lead to acoustic noises. Findings SF-SRM configuration with three-phase, 12/10, 250 W, 48 V, 1,000 rpm is selected with the impact in the elimination of flux reversals and also has various salient features such as singly excited, no rotor windings, no permanent magnet, pure in construction and high starting torque. Still, this SRM suffers from vibration owing to changing induction. In lamination material selection, M19 is chosen as optimized material to obtain vibration reduction. Vibration analysis was performed for the optimized 12/10 SF-SRM with M19 lamination material, and the corresponding modes for the machine to operate with reduced vibration are analyzed. The current and speed characteristics of the prototype model for the DSORSRM motor are obtained and validated with finite element analysis (FEA) results. Originality/value The performed FEA result shows that the proposed DSORSRM with short flux path configuration produces a high average torque of 1.915 N m. The M19 lamination material gives a minimum iron loss of 9.056 W. The modal frequencies are estimated and validated with numerical equations.