Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sexual recidivism'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Sexual recidivism.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Sexual recidivism.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
O'Hare, Geraldine. "Sexual offending & predictors of general & sexual recidivism." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/sexual-offending--predictors-of-general--sexual-recidivism(b55173ef-9b8b-4c73-98e1-391947310bdc).html.
Full textAbstract:
Supervision of sexual offenders can only work to reduce risk when it monitors and addresses factors related to both general and sexual recidivism. It is well known that many sexual offenders commit other types of offences, such as violent and general offending, but other types of offenders rarely commit sexual offences (Hanson & Bussiere, 1998). It is therefore necessary to distinguish sexual offenders from other offenders when we study the different recidivism types, and the key risk factors for the prediction of any reoffending. This study assessed the predictive utility of several commonly used psychometrics in Northern Ireland, namely the Stable and Acute 2007, Risk Matrix 2000, and the STEP battery. Risk assessments were collected from a sample of 325 participants each of whom had been convicted of a sexual offence in Northern Ireland. The data is archival, sourced from risk assessments and psychometrics conducted on offenders subject to supervision under the Public Protection Arrangements for Northern Ireland (PPANI) between 2008 and 2010. Overall levels of risk and individual risk factors as measured by these instruments were compared to rates of reoffending. A number of salient individual factors were identified from the sample, such as capacity for relationship stability, sexual deviancy, rejection of supervision and victim access, which links to distinguishing typologies of offending in sexual offenders supervised within the Public Protection Arrangements for N. Ireland (PPANI). While it was not possible to statistically link individual factors 9 to re-offending rates, results indicated that overall risk levels obtained by all three assessment tools have predictive utility in relation to non-sexual offending and breaches of probation conditions or licensing. Statistical analysis of sexual re-offending was not possible due to the small number of such offences within this sample. Findings from this study have both strategic and practical implications for the management of sexual offenders in N. Ireland. The main findings were that all three instruments predicted offending behaviour, breaches of probation, or breaches of licence. Recommendations and directions to inform future policy and practice are outlined in the Discussion Section.
2
Zanatta, Robert G. "Risk of violent and sexual recidivism: A comparison of dangerous offenders and repetitive sexual offenders /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2027.
Full text
3
Sjöstedt, Gabrielle. "Violent recidivism among sexual offenders : risk factors and assessment procedures /." Stockholm : [Karolinska institutets bibl.], 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-328-7/.
Full text
4
Kelm, Charles. "Exploring the effects of specialized sexual behavior treatment on recidivism /." View online, 2005. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/arp/30/.
Full text
5
Randall, Sarina A. "Predictors of recidivism among a sample of federally sentenced sexual offenders." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7886.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research is to determine the factors predicting recidivism among a sample of 222 federally sentenced sex offenders. Based on social and criminal data, a number of predictor variables were significantly correlated with recidivism. These variables were regressed into models of recidivism which resulted in low levels of predictability. There were, however, three prominent factors found in each model for non-sexual offence recidivism, including age, extent of criminal history and number of geographical locations where previously convicted. The results also indicated a number of trends based on correlational data. In particular, a distinction was found between sexual and non-sexual offence recidivism. General non-sexual offence recidivism was found to be associated with extent of prior criminal history and age, while sexual offence recidivism was found to be associated with extent of sexual offence history and not influenced by age.
6
Beggs, Sarah Marie. "Treatment Outcome, Risk Assessment, and Recidivism among Sexual Offenders against Children." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1824.
Full textAbstract:
The sexual abuse of children is an issue that society must address with urgency and commitment, given the profoundly damaging effects and widespread occurrence of this kind of crime. Providing psychological treatment to identified offenders is an important endeavour of the criminal justice system, with the aim of reducing recidivism and thereby preventing future victims. This dissertation explores a number of areas relevant to the treatment of sexual offenders on a sample of 223 adult males who completed a prison-based programme for child sexual offenders in New Zealand. Specifically, the assessment of treatment outcome and its relationship with recidivism, risk assessment, and the influence of specific offender factors on estimates of treatment outcome and risk were investigated. Study 1 (N = 218) is an independent validation of the validity of the Violence Risk Scale: Sexual Offender Version (VRS:SO; Olver, Wong, Nicholaichuk, & Gordon, 2007), a recently developed risk assessment instrument for sexual offenders that incorporates both static and dynamic risk factors and contains protocols for the assessment of change as a result of treatment. Results indicate support for the inter-rater reliability, concurrent validity, and predictive validity of the VRS:SO with regard to sexual recidivism, with pre-treatment and post-treatment scores showing superior predictive validity relative to a widely used measure of static risk (Static-99; Hanson & Thornton, 1999) and a measure of "Deviance" based on a 4-factor battery of relevant psychometric tests (Allan, Grace, Rutherford, & Hudson, 2007). In Study 2 (N = 218), three separate methods of assessing proximal treatment outcome (representative of three categories of treatment outcome measures that have previously been applied in the literature) are applied and compared in terms of their predictive validity with regard to sexual recidivism, and the relative advantages and disadvantages of their use. These measures are: change on a battery of relevant psychometric tests administered prior to and following treatment; change across treatment on the VRS:SO; and post-treatment ratings of the attainment of treatment goals as measured by a modified version of Hogue’s (1994) Standard Goal Attainment Scaling for Sexual Offenders (SGAS). Results indicate that positive treatment outcomes as measured by all of these methods are associated with reduced sexual recidivism. SGAS scores are identified as being relatively simple and efficient to obtain, however the VRS:SO and the psychometric battery are both able to provide useful pre-treatment clinical information regarding potential treatment targets for a particular offender. Study 3 (N = 223) and Study 4 (N = 216) are explorations of the influence of particular offender characteristics on response to treatment and risk of recidivism. Of particular interest was the personality construct of psychopathy (measured using the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised, PCL-R; Hare, 1991), and both studies are attempted replications and extensions of previously reported interaction effects involving this construct (Heilbrun, 1979; Seto & Barbaree, 1999). The results of Study 3 indicate that there is no interaction effect between PCL-R scores and treatment outcome (as measured by the SGAS) on sexual recidivism, in contrast to an influential study by Seto and Barbaree (1999). Study 4 reports an interaction effect between PCL-R scores and intelligence on recidivism, such that higher than average IQ scores appear to moderate the well-known association between psychopathy and risk. Overall, the findings reported in this dissertation suggest the importance of considering dynamic factors as well as static factors in sex offender risk assessments, and support the premise that dynamic factors are changeable, with change being associated with changes in recidivism. The potential for certain offender characteristics to influence treatment response and risk of recidivism is highlighted, and several areas for further exploration are identified.
7
Ralston, Christopher Allen. "Validation of the Juvenile Sexual Offense Recidivism Risk Assessment Tool--II." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.
Find full text
8
Rowlands, Michael T. "Dangerous sex offenders: Recidivism and risk factors associated with serious sexual offending." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116343/2/Michael_Rowlands_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
There is limited research on dangerous sex offenders in Australia. The current PhD study examined reoffending rates of offenders classified as dangerous in Queensland Supreme Courts. A review of the literature noted that sex offenders generally have low recidivism rates. Offenders considered high-risk are more likely to re-offend with general offences, but the overall level of sexual and nonsexual violent recidivism was low. Further, early onset of offending, diverse criminal careers, diverse victimologies, ecological change, and substance misuse were factors for recidivism. Last, the project identified that conceptualising dangerousness is complex and fraught with ethical and legal concerns.
9
Zeidler, Cameron Fitzpatrick. "Psychoneuroimmunology: Enhancing Treatment Efficacy and Reducing Sexual Offender Recidivism In Court-Mandated Treatment." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch147609874194315.
Full text
10
Gantana, Hedren Juliana. "An exploration of the factors that contribute to recidivism in incarcerated sexual offenders." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3942.
Full textAbstract:
Magister Artium (Social Work) - MA(SW)The aim of this study was to explore and describe the factors that contribute to recidivism with incarcerated sexual offenders. A qualitative research approach was used and ten incarcerated recidivist sexual offenders in the prisons were selected through purposive sampling. The researcher used semi-structured interview guides and a voice recorder to conduct as data collection tools during the interviews with the participants. The information gathered was transcribed, translated and analyzed using interpretive analysis.
11
Barlow, Kevin N. "Recidivism Rates of Level Six Residential Programs for Youthful Male Sexual Offenders: 1995-1996." DigitalCommons@USU, 1998. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2579.
Full textAbstract:
The phenomenon of youthful sexual offending has received increased attention in recent years in the state of Utah. As a result. programs have been developed to treat the sexual offender within residential treatment centers. However. the efficacy of these programs had not been examined prior to the initiation of this project. The success of the programs has been assessed by examining recidivistic activity as measured by post-treatment criminal histories. The results of this study indicate that the sample of clients departing from treatment in Utah in the year 1995 has a recidivism rate of93.2% for sexual criminal behavior, as of December 1996. Additionally, the recidivism rate of nonsexual criminal activity demonstrated by the sample was 63.6% at the same follow-up. This study demonstrates that those subjects who are able to successfully complete treatment before their departure from the programs have lower recidivism rates. Additionally, the participation by the family both during the treatment process. specifically their involvement in collateral therapy, and after treatment. by having the youth return to the family, correlated with subjects not relapsing into recidivistic activity. This information is important for treatment planning. for legislative planning. and for the continued study or the phenomenon of youthful sexual offending.
12
Nisbet, Ian A. "Factors Associated with the Sexual and Nonsexual Offending of Adolescent Sex Offenders." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367093.
Full textAbstract:
There can be no doubt that sexual assault, especially involving children, is one of the foremost concerns of our society today. However, not only are children often the victims of sexual assault, in many cases those considered by the law to be children (10 to 18 years of age) are also the perpetrators of sexual assault. This thesis reports on three studies that investigated factors associated with the sexual and nonsexual offending of adolescent sex offenders. In Study 1, a prospective longitudinal approach was taken to identify predictor variables for sexual recidivism among young men who had committed sexual offences as adolescents and were followed up into adulthood. The sample consisted of 303 clients whose information was stored on an archival database within the New South Wales Department of Juvenile Justice. The study found although sexual recidivism rates before age 18 were 25%, adult rates of sexual recidivism were much lower (4.5%). Adult rates of nonsexual recidivism, however, were high (61%). An older age at initial assessment, having a history of nonsexual offences, and a higher number of charges for the index sex offence, were all associated with an increased risk of adult sexual recidivism.
Study 2 compared developmental characteristics (abuse histories, conduct problems), individual characteristics (callous unemotional traits; externalising and internalising behaviours), and family functioning (parental involvement; parental supervision and monitoring; positive parenting practices) of 108 male adolescent sexual offenders. These measures were subjected to Principal Components Analysis and yielded three main components, designated Negative Environment, Positive Environment and Transgression.
Three subgroups of participants were then identified on the basis of their criminal histories: specialist offenders (n = 47); versatile offenders (n = 33), and short-duration offenders (n = 28). MANCOVA revealed a significant multivariate main effect for offender subtype. Versatile offenders were significantly different from the other groups on the Transgression component, which contained elements of abuse victimisation (physical and sexual) as well as abuse perpetration (conduct problems). This group also had significantly more adult victims than either of the other groups.
For Study 3 a group (n = 12) of male youth were recruited from specialised adolescent sex offender treatment programs in New South Wales and Queensland. Participants took part in a recorded semi-structured interview and a verbatim transcript of the interview was produced for analysis. The construct of “Relational Templates” emerged from the data as a core category around which their experiences of sexual and nonsexual offending were organised. When viewed as an attempt to engage another in sexual relations, the sexual offending of this group was seen to share similarities to their approach to nonsexual relationships, including their nonsexual offending or delinquency.
The thesis considers the findings of these studies with respect to etiological theories for adolescent sexual offending and discusses the implications of these findings for treatment programs and public policy.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
13
Borg, Krystle. "An examination of parental child sex offenders: victim profile, recidivism and treatment needs." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1911.
Full text
14
Beaudry-Cyr, Maude. "A Life-Course Approach to Sexual Offending: Examining the Continuity of Juvenile Sexual Offending into Adulthood and Subsequent Patterns of Recidivism." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4803.
Full textAbstract:
Current sex offending legislation and public opinion present an image of sexual offenders as specialized predators who are likely to exhibit continued sexually deviant behavior over the life-course. Although sex offending continuity and post-release recidivism has been independently assessed in prior research, the potential link between sex offending continuity and post-release recidivism has yet to be investigated. Using data collected on random samples of sex offenders from a Northeastern state, the present study examines the predictability of sex offender continuity and its potential linkages with general and sex recidivism, as well as identifying distinguishable risk factors related to these outcomes.
Logistic regressions provided support for all but one of the four key hypotheses proposed. Specifically, results indicate a low rate of sex offending continuity among the sample, and the presence of identifiable risk factors that distinguish sex offenders who demonstrate continuity from those adult sex offenders who do not display sex offending continuity. Specifically, non-juvenile sex offending is the most notable of the numerous risk factors found to be associated with those displaying sex offending continuity from adolescence into adulthood. Analyses also reveal a significant association between sex offending continuity and sexual recidivism, but not general recidivism. Evidence of identifiable risks factors for both sex and general recidivism are reported. Policy implications, study limitations, and directions for future research are also presented.
15
Trussler, Tanya. "Heterogeneity in patterns of recidivism among sexual offenders in the initial stages of criminal careers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ49588.pdf.
Full text
16
Scoones, Carwyn David. "Reintegration Planning for Sexual Offenders: Relationships with Static and Dynamic Risk, Treatment Outcome and Recidivism." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5393.
Full textAbstract:
Willis and Grace (2008, 2009) developed a protocol for measuring quality of planning for community reintegration by sexual offenders, and showed that poor planning was a risk factor for sexual recidivism. The present study evaluated the reliability and predictive validity of Willis and Grace’s protocol with a large, representative sample of child molesters who completed a prison-based treatment programme between 1993 and 2000. Overall, the quality of reintegration planning was good for the sample as a whole, with an average equal to 61.7% of the maximum possible score. Results supported the reliability and predictive validity of the protocol in assessing reintegration quality. Reintegration scores were negatively correlated sexual recidivism and with measures of pre-treatment static and dynamic risk, particularly the Criminality and Treatment Responsivity factors of the Violence Risk Scale: Sexual Offender Version (VRS: SO; Olver, Wong, Nicholaichuk, & Gordon, 2007). Measures of intelligence and treatment outcome were positively correlated with reintegration quality, particularly the Standard Goal Attainment Scaling for Sex Offenders (SGAS; Hogue, 1994), suggesting that offenders who were successful in achieving treatment goals were also likely to have effective reintegration plans. Survival analyses (Cox regression) showed that reintegration planning contributed additional validity for predicting sexual recidivism when static risk but not dynamic risk was controlled. Overall, results support the utility of Willis and Grace’s protocol for measuring quality of reintegration planning. Future research should examine reintegration planning for other types of sexual and non-sexual offenders.
17
Farrington, Paul. "Circles of support and accountability : the role of social support in preventing sexual offender recidivism." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5785/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis aims to further this research base while focussing primarily on the Circle of Support and Accountability (CoSA) programme; one of the key programmes which helps utilise community support towards released sexual offenders as a means of reducing reoffending and aiding successful reintegration of the offender into society. A systematic literature review is presented which looks at the efficacy of social support as a means of reducing rates of reoffending. The review identifies eight studies which lend support to this notion, with four CoSA studies from around the world, showing strong support for their efficacy in this area. A research chapter looks at the experiences of the volunteers for CoSA looking at the successes and the difficulties within the programme. Volunteers were also assessed in relation to their own social support using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The MSPSS was assessed for its validity as a psychometric measure of social support and was found to demonstrate good levels of reliability and validity and was deemed a suitable psychometric measure choice for the research. These findings are discussed in relation to their implication on current theoretical and practical links as well as making recommendations for future research.
18
Jefferson, Diana Jefferson. "Static-99, MnSOST-R, and PCL-R in Predicting Recidivism among Texas' Sexual Violent Predators." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3946.
Full textAbstract:
Recidivism within the sexually violent predator (SVP) population has gained worldwide attention because of the lack of protection offered to the victims that may lead to loss of life. Behavioral theory suggests that accuracy of predictive behaviors based on empirical judgement is more reliable than that based on clinical judgement. The purpose of this research was to see whether three actuarial assessment tools, Static-99, PCL-R, and MnSOST-R, could predict recidivism and whether the combination of the three-increased predictive value in the Texas SVP population. As yet, the literature provides no evidence. The Texas Open Record System provided assessment scores and violations of 90 SVPs committed during fiscal years 2009-2013. Texas had 58.9% violated commitment laws within the SVP population of the civil commitment program. The scores on these three assessment tools were analyzed along with the violations using bivariate logistic regression. According to the results, Static-99, PCL-R, and MnSOST-R can, in combination, predict recidivism better than any tool by itself in the Texas SVP. However, individually, only the PCL-R approached significance as a predictor. This study could lead to positive social change in both the targeted treatment of labeled SVP and in the accuracy of predicting recidivism among SVPs. Therapists should use the three actuarial assessment tools when developing treatment plans, intervention techniques, and when adjusting supervision requirements to assist in both targeted treatment and to reduce the number of victims.
19
Dixon, Stephanie Dixon. "Recidivism Rates Among Biological Fathers and Parental Figures Who Commit Child Sexual Abuse in Hawai'i." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5695.
Full textAbstract:
Sex offenders are commonly grouped into categories based on the characteristics (e.g., victim age, relationship to offender) of their victims for criminal sentencing and treatment purposes. The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental study was to address the gap in the lack of literature comparing recidivism rates among biological fathers and male parental figures who committed incestuous child sexual abuse in Hawai'i against children 15 years or younger. This study was the first attempt in the state to examine the number of inmates who had completed their maximum sentences and were later returned to prison for new felony incest offenses. Secondary data were obtained from the Safety Sex Offender Treatment Program (SOTP) within the state of Hawai'i Department of Public Safety (DPS) from the years 1988 to 2013. Areas of recidivism and crimes involving biological fathers, stepfathers, boyfriends of the victims' mothers, foster parents, and hana'i family members were included (N = 1,727). Three hundred and ten met the criteria for the current study. The study had 2 independent variables: the offender's relationship to the victim (e.g., biological, adoptive, stepparent, foster parent or hana'i family members); or the residency status of the offender (e.g., lived with the victim versus did not live with the victim). The dependent variable was the recidivism rates of the incest offenders (i.e., new incest offense convictions). Analysis of these variables using the ï?£2 with Cramer's V statistical test lacked statistical significance as there was no documented evidence of recidivism in either group. The potential for social change and clinical significance still exists. Further analysis of the effectiveness of the SOTP may aid in sustaining low recidivism rates.
20
McGinnis, Wendy J. "The validity of the Iowa Sex Offender Risk Assessment for predicting recidivism in female sexual offenders." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1694.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine the validity of the Iowa Sex Offender Risk Assessment (ISORA) instrument used in the Iowa Department of Corrections to assess for future occurrences of female offender recidivism. Using a sample of 105 females convicted of a sexual offense in the State of Iowa, the current study examined rates of recidivism using the ISORA. The goal of this study was to determine the validity of the ISORA in predicting recidivism rates as measured by (a) new convictions for sex offenses and other violent crimes, (b) new convictions for sex crimes using a strict definition, and (c) any new conviction for any new crime. Data were collected on all female participants in this study using case file information from various database resources. Mean-cost rating scores and Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between risk assessment categories on the ISORA and each type of recidivism as well as between raw ISORA scores and each type of recidivism. Results showed the overall recidivism rate of female offenders was 22% for this study, while the sexual recidivism rate in this study was 2%. Results also provided evidence that the ISORA can be used to predict sexual and violent recidivism (AUC = .85) as well as general recidivism (AUC = .64) for female sex offenders. In conclusion, the ISORA is a valid risk assessment tool when predicting general and sexual or violent recidivism for female sexual offenders. However, further research examining improvements in the instrument could be conducted to enhance the validity of the instrument.
21
Willis, Gwenda Miriam. "From prison into the community : the impact of release planning on sexual recidivism for child molesters." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2542.
Full textAbstract:
Research on the factors underlying sex offender recidivism has not considered the importance of the reintegration process through which the offender rejoins the community after prison. This thesis reports findings from 3 empirical studies designed to explore whether poor release planning might contribute to sex offender recidivism. In Study 1, a coding protocol was developed to measure the comprehensiveness of release planning for child molesters, which included items relating to accommodation, employment, pro-social support, community-based treatment, and Good Lives Model (T. Ward & C.A. Stewart, 2003) secondary goods. The protocol was retrospectively applied to groups of recidivist and nonrecidivist graduates of a prison-based treatment programme, who were matched on static risk level and time since release. As predicted, overall release planning was significantly poorer for recidivists compared to nonrecidivists. Study 2 was a validation and extension of Study 1. The original coding protocol, and some revised items, were applied to matched groups of recidivists and nonrecidivists from a different treatment programme. Consistent with Study 1 findings, overall release planning was significantly poorer for recidivists. Data from Studies 1 and 2 were pooled (total N = 141) and Cox regressions showed that accommodation, employment, and social support planning combined to best predict recidivism, with predictive accuracy comparable to that obtained using static risk models. Study 3 investigated whether release planning was associated with actual reintegration experiences, and additionally explored released child molesters’ good lives plans. Release plans were rated for 16 child molesters, who were interviewed post-release about their reintegration experiences and good lives plans. As predicted, significant positive correlations were found between release planning and reintegration experiences 1 and 3 months following prison release, and results suggested that effective reintegration might help facilitate living a good life. Overall, results from the 3 studies suggest that poor release planning and subsequent reintegration experiences contribute to sex offender recidivism. Implications for researchers, clinicians, policy makers, and community members are discussed.
22
Crissman, Belinda Rochelle. "Understanding and Improving Therapeutic Engagement with Adolescent Sexual offenders." Thesis, Griffith University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366813.
Full textAbstract:
Since the 1980s there has been an increasing recognition and concern that
adolescents comprise more than one-quarter of all sex offenders (Finkelhor, Ormrod
& Chaffin, 2010). As part of a broader community response to this problem,
substantial clinical and research attention has been dedicated to developing
specialised treatment programs for adolescent sexual offenders (ASOs). As with many
clinical and clinical-forensic populations, clinicians have been inconsistent in their
ability to effectively engage ASOs in therapy, with high non-completion rates
associated with many specialised programs. Poor therapeutic engagement (TE) of
ASOs may not only result in inefficient commitment of clinical resources, but may
also lead to breaches of statutory orders, increased costs associated with further court
and youth justice services, and to detention that may otherwise have been avoidable.
Perhaps of greatest concern is the consistent observation in both adolescent and adult
samples that sexual offenders who begin but do not complete treatment may be at
higher risk of recidivism.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text
23
Hargreaves, Claire. "Measuring the long term sexual recidivism risk of convicted sex offenders in England & Wales and Norway." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.730638.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, there is little empirical evidence to suggest a length of time at which a sexual offender is at risk of sexual recidivism. Through survival analysis techniques I investigate whether it is possible to identify when juvenile and young adult sexual offenders can be considered low risk in terms of sexual recidivism, which in this study, is judged to be the point when such a risk becomes as low as their respective juvenile and young adult never-convicted population receiving their first conviction for a sexual offence. I examine male juvenile and young adult samples born in seven birth cohorts from the Offenders index, which contains the criminal histories of convicted offenders in England and Wales from 1963 to 2008. Furthermore, I establish how sex offenders' risk of sexual recidivism compares to other recidivism types {violent recidivism and all recidivism) and compare such risks to that of three types of offenders, violent offenders, burglary offenders, and all offenders. In addition, I determine whether criminal history, demographic and socio-demographic variables encourage or prohibit sex offenders' risk, of a sexual reconviction through a Cox proportional hazard analysis and discrete time hazard analysis with complementary fog-log link. Socio-demographic variables are not obtainable from the Offenders Index. As a result, I have obtained access to Norway's population based registers allowing the analysis of static and dynamic socio¬demographic risk factors. Although there are difficulties in comparing crime data across countries, studying the results from the analyses conducted on the Norwegian samples will help elucidate the risk of sexual offending recidivism in England & Wales. From the analyses, in terms of sexually reoffending juvenile sex offenders from England & Wales were found to become a similar risk to their respective never- convicted population at age 38 - 17 years following their 21st birthday - and young JW adult sex offenders at age 40 - 14 years following their 26* birthday. Juvenile and young-adult sex offenders' risk of violent recidivism and all recidivism were found to become similar to the risk of their respective never-convicted population at a younger age than that found of sexual recidivism. Juvenile violent, burglary and all offenders' risk of sexual recidivism was considered low 10, 15 and 17 years following age 21 respectively. Young adult violent and all offenders, on the other hand were found to become a similar risk to the juvenile never-convicted population 5, 13 and 6 years following age 26 respectively. The sexual recidivism risk of the juvenile and young adult sex offenders convicted in Norway were also found to become a similar risk to their respective never-convicted population being convicted of a sexual crime at a comparable age to those of England & Wales; mid-thirties to early forties. Using the Norwegian data individual's status of employment was the; only factor found to significantly affect juvenile and young adult sex offenders' risk of sexual recidivism. Several variables were, however, found to significantly, affect such offenders' risk of violent recidivism including birth cohort, conviction of a violent offence and income. Interestingly, income was also found to significantly affect the sexual recidivism risk of both juvenile and young adult violent offenders and young adult burglary offenders. Surprisingly, the risk of the juvenile and young adult never-convicted population being convicted of a sexual crime was likewise found to be affected by income in addition to several socio-demographic variables including education, number of children and marital status. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are considered.
24
Freedman, Daniel Brian. "Predicting Neighborhood-Level Recidivism and Residential Status of Sexual Offenders within the Context of Social Disorganization Theory." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1291055501.
Full text
25
Parker, Richard John. "The Role of Moral Emotions in the Onset and Progression of Child Sexual Offending." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367017.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the role of moral emotions in child sexual assault. Despite an extensive literature on moral emotions among non-offending populations, there has been little investigation of the role of shame, guilt and pride in the onset and maintenance of child sexual assault. Current theories have generally paid little attention to moral emotions, instead relying on the concept of low self-control/self-regulation to help explain some aspects of this phenomenon.
The empirical data on child sexual assault has consistently found that extrafamilial offenders, offenders against boys and younger offenders are more likely to reoffend. The major theories of child sexual assault provide a degree of explanation for the age effect, but do not provide a satisfactory explanation of the findings related to extrafamilial offenders and offenders against boys.
This thesis argues that incorporating moral emotions into the existing theories will provide a much more satisfactory explanation of child sexual assault than the explanations yielded from self-control/self-regulation theory. A crucial distinction between self-control/self-regulation theories and an explanation based on moral emotions is that the former presumes a deficit (either ongoing or transient) in the offender, whereas the latter is encapsulated within a motivational balance model, which views the outcome as a result of an interplay between a number of competing motivations. This provides a much more satisfactory explanation for the amount of offending by people who “have” high self-control, while simultaneously helping explain the repetitive nature of chronic offenders.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
26
Wheeler, Jennifer G. "The abstinence violation effect in a sample of incarcerated sexual offenders : a reconsideration of the terms lapse and relapse /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9123.
Full text
27
Rombouts, Sacha, and n/a. "Development of a Risk Assessment Checklist for Juvenile Sexual Offenders: a Meta-Analytic Approach." Griffith University. School of Psychology, 2006. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070123.151237.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last decade there has been a substantial research effort directed toward understanding recidivism and risk prediction among adult sex offenders. In contrast, the juvenile sex offender field has received much less empirical attention. Consequently, there are very few risk assessment instruments designed for use with young persons who have committed sexual offences. Available measures do not appear to take into account the higher rates of non-sexual recidivism typical of this population. This thesis aimed to identify risk factors for sexual and non-sexual recidivism among juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) and explore their utility in the context of a risk assessment instrument. In Study One, a meta-analysis was conducted on JSO research to examine risk factors for sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 17 studies and 22 predictor constructs. Seven variables emerged as reliable predictors of sexual recidivism: an index sexual offence involving a stranger victim, a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, the presence of sexual deviance, a non-contact index sexual offence, sexually offending against a greater number of victims, a history of sexual offending, and a history of non-sexual offending. In Study Two, a meta-analysis was performed on JSO research to identify risk factors for non-sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 14 studies and 19 predictor constructs. Six variables emerged as reliable predictors of non-sexual recidivism: a history of non-sexual offending, a history of sexual abuse (negative relationship), the presence of an antisocial orientation, an index sexual offence involving a child victim (negative relationship), a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, and the use of threats/force in the index sexual offence. Taken together, the two meta-analyses were able to identify risk factors specific to sexual recidivism (e.g., sexual deviance) and non-sexual recidivism (e.g., antisocial orientation) as well as risk factors common to both outcomes (e.g., a history of non-sexual offending). These studies therefore made an original and significant contribution to the understanding of recidivism among JSOs. Based upon the meta-analyses, Study Three involved the construction of a risk assessment checklist that could be easily scored from file information. The Juvenile Risk Assessment Checklist (J-RAC) contained 11 items based upon the most consistent operationalisations of the predictors that emerged from the meta-analyses. The J-RAC is unique in the JSO risk assessment field as it contains two scales designed to provide separate estimates of the risk of youth engaging in further sexual and non-sexual recidivism, respectively. The J-RAC was scored based on file information from 82 youth who had been found guilty of sexual offences and referred to a treatment service in Queensland, Australia. The majority of the items possessed good inter-rater reliabilities and the two scales both possessed high inter-rater reliabilities. An existing JSO risk assessment instrument, the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol Version 2 (J-SOAP-II; Prentky & Righthand, 2003), was also administered and the J-RAC possessed significant correlations with the majority of the J-SOAP-II scales. The J-RAC was also found to significantly discriminate between juveniles in detention and juveniles in the community, with those in detention found to be at higher risk on both scales. Thus, the reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the J-RAC was established. Consistent with current adult sex offender recidivism theory, the findings demonstrated the distinct roles of sexual deviance and antisocial orientation in the prediction of sexual and non-sexual recidivism of JSOs, respectively. The current thesis goes some way towards advancing a theory of juvenile sex offender recidivism by drawing upon the variables that emerged as reliable risk factors in the two meta-analyses. While the J-RAC could not yet be considered an actuarial instrument capable of assigning low, medium and high risk levels, the results of the research conducted in this thesis are encouraging. The utility of the J-RAC may be further enhanced through the aid of prospective research that incorporates substantial numbers of juvenile recidivists.
28
Rombouts, Sacha. "Development of a Risk Assessment Checklist for Juvenile Sexual Offenders: a Meta-Analytic Approach." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365598.
Full textAbstract:
Over the last decade there has been a substantial research effort directed toward understanding recidivism and risk prediction among adult sex offenders. In contrast, the juvenile sex offender field has received much less empirical attention. Consequently, there are very few risk assessment instruments designed for use with young persons who have committed sexual offences. Available measures do not appear to take into account the higher rates of non-sexual recidivism typical of this population. This thesis aimed to identify risk factors for sexual and non-sexual recidivism among juvenile sex offenders (JSOs) and explore their utility in the context of a risk assessment instrument. In Study One, a meta-analysis was conducted on JSO research to examine risk factors for sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 17 studies and 22 predictor constructs. Seven variables emerged as reliable predictors of sexual recidivism: an index sexual offence involving a stranger victim, a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, the presence of sexual deviance, a non-contact index sexual offence, sexually offending against a greater number of victims, a history of sexual offending, and a history of non-sexual offending. In Study Two, a meta-analysis was performed on JSO research to identify risk factors for non-sexual recidivism. The meta-analysis involved 14 studies and 19 predictor constructs. Six variables emerged as reliable predictors of non-sexual recidivism: a history of non-sexual offending, a history of sexual abuse (negative relationship), the presence of an antisocial orientation, an index sexual offence involving a child victim (negative relationship), a history of physical abuse in the offender's background, and the use of threats/force in the index sexual offence. Taken together, the two meta-analyses were able to identify risk factors specific to sexual recidivism (e.g., sexual deviance) and non-sexual recidivism (e.g., antisocial orientation) as well as risk factors common to both outcomes (e.g., a history of non-sexual offending). These studies therefore made an original and significant contribution to the understanding of recidivism among JSOs. Based upon the meta-analyses, Study Three involved the construction of a risk assessment checklist that could be easily scored from file information. The Juvenile Risk Assessment Checklist (J-RAC) contained 11 items based upon the most consistent operationalisations of the predictors that emerged from the meta-analyses. The J-RAC is unique in the JSO risk assessment field as it contains two scales designed to provide separate estimates of the risk of youth engaging in further sexual and non-sexual recidivism, respectively. The J-RAC was scored based on file information from 82 youth who had been found guilty of sexual offences and referred to a treatment service in Queensland, Australia. The majority of the items possessed good inter-rater reliabilities and the two scales both possessed high inter-rater reliabilities. An existing JSO risk assessment instrument, the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol Version 2 (J-SOAP-II; Prentky & Righthand, 2003), was also administered and the J-RAC possessed significant correlations with the majority of the J-SOAP-II scales. The J-RAC was also found to significantly discriminate between juveniles in detention and juveniles in the community, with those in detention found to be at higher risk on both scales. Thus, the reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the J-RAC was established. Consistent with current adult sex offender recidivism theory, the findings demonstrated the distinct roles of sexual deviance and antisocial orientation in the prediction of sexual and non-sexual recidivism of JSOs, respectively. The current thesis goes some way towards advancing a theory of juvenile sex offender recidivism by drawing upon the variables that emerged as reliable risk factors in the two meta-analyses. While the J-RAC could not yet be considered an actuarial instrument capable of assigning low, medium and high risk levels, the results of the research conducted in this thesis are encouraging. The utility of the J-RAC may be further enhanced through the aid of prospective research that incorporates substantial numbers of juvenile recidivists.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Psychology
Full Text
29
Gillikin, Cynthia Lee. "Psychosocial Predictors of Juvenile Justice Involvement among Adolescent Female Offenders." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/287.
Full textAbstract:
Approximately 2.2 million children and adolescents are arrested each year, and these youthful offenders often display serious psychosocial dysfunction across a wide spectrum of areas: family dysfunction, mental health distress, problems with drug use, risky sexual behaviors, and a history of traumatic experiences. Of particular interest, the rate of female adolescent arrest and incarceration has been on the rise over the past several decades, yet female juvenile offenders are understudied compared with their male peers. It is important to identify risk factors that predispose certain female adolescents to criminal behavior to inform future interventions. Given the associations of mental health problems, substance use, trauma, and family dysfunction with crime in adolescent girls, further study is warranted to more clearly understand the links between these psychosocial factors and criminality in adolescents, especially girls. The impacts of mental health disorders, family functioning, risky sexual behavior, trauma, and substance use on juvenile justice involved youths are of great public health and social importance because of the potential to intervene and to prevent criminal behavior in at-risk teens. However, the relationships between these risk factors and the severity of juvenile offending in girls have not been studied adequately. By analyzing data from interviews and follow-up criminal records for almost 500 arrested and detained adolescent girls, we first investigated the associations between concurrent substance use and psychosocial dysfunction in this population. Secondly, we examined which psychosocial domains (i.e., mental health disorders, substance use/abuse, trauma, sexual behavior, and family functioning) were most predictive of recidivism and violent recidivism during adolescence for this group of offending girls. Finally, we studied which psychosocial variables best predicted time to next arrest, thereby determining if psychosocial functioning can also predict the amount of time before a given adolescent reoffends. Our findings indicated that substance use and sexual risk behaviors are the most important psychosocial predictors of poor outcomes in adolescent female juvenile offenders.
30
Khachatryan, Norair. "Thirty Year Follow-Up of Juvenile Homicide Offenders." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5822.
Full textAbstract:
Killings by juvenile offenders have been a matter of concern in the United States since the 1980s. Although the rate of juvenile-perpetrated murders has been declining since the 1990s, it remains problematic, in that juvenile offenders account for approximately 10% of all homicide arrests. Research on recidivism of juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs) is important, due to relatively short follow-up periods in prior studies and a recent Supreme Court ruling that struck down mandatory life sentences without the possibility of parole for juveniles convicted of murder. The present study was designed to explore long-term patterns of recidivism, and particularly violent recidivism, in a sample of 59 male JHOs from a Southeastern state who were prosecuted as adults for murder or attempted murder in the early 1980s, convicted, and sentenced to adult prison. Furthermore, the predictive utility of a juvenile homicide typology was analyzed, and the offenders who committed sexually-oriented murders were examined in-depth. The results indicated that close to 90% of released offenders have been rearrested during the 30-year follow-up period, and more than 60% have been rearrested for violent offenses. Five offenders completed (4 offenders) or attempted (1 offender) a new homicide. Out of 7 variables tested, race emerged as the only significant correlate of post-release violence. Release from prison, post-release arrests, and post-release violent offenses were not significantly related to the circumstances of the index homicide (crime-oriented v. conflict-oriented). The subsample of juvenile sexual homicide offenders (JSHOs) consisted of 8 offenders; 6 of them were released from prison, 4 were rearrested, and 3 were rearrested for violent offenses. None of the released JSHOs were arrested for a homicide or any sexually-related crimes. The implications of the findings for management of JHOs, the comparability of this study to prior studies, and directions for future research are discussed.
31
Wong, LeighAnn S. "Sensitivity and Specificity of the Static-2002 in a Diverse Population." NSUWorks, 2011. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/77.
Full textAbstract:
Assessments designed to estimate the probability of sexual offense recidivism have gained popularity due to research that suggests these instruments are psychometrically sound for this purpose. The Static-2002 (Hanson & Thornton, 2003), an actuarial instrument of sexual recidivism, has been validated in specific populations, but in the absence of multicultural populations. It is necessary to establish the validity of the Static-2002 for a multicultural population, especially considering the increasing impetus to mandate measures of sexual recidivism. This study was designed to assess the predictive validity of the Static-2002 as an actuarial instrument that estimates the probability of sexual, violent, and general recidivism within a multicultural population.
Recent criminal histories and de-identified archival records of 103 adult sex offenders were used to complete demographic questionnaires and to calculate retroactive predictive accuracy scores for the Static-2002. Records were obtained from a private practice office in South Florida, which provides outpatient treatment to conditionally released offenders. Hypothesis testing utilized a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC AUC) analysis to examine the discriminating power of the Static-2002 and to identify optimal cutoff values for each risk category. These cutoff values were then compared to the established Static-2002 risk categories to evaluate the cutoff scores' congruency.
For this sample population, resulting ROC AUC values indicated the predictive accuracy of the Static-2002 to be moderate for any (including general; .67) offense recidivism, and high for violent recidivism (.74). However, the Static-2002 was ineffective for predicting sexual recidivism among this sample population since the predictive accuracy of the ROC area for sexual reoffenses was not statistically significant above chance (p = .07). The four Static-2002 risk categories derived for this study are: low, moderate-low, moderate-high, and high. When compared with the established Static-2002 risk categories, this study's risk categories were found to be mostly concurrent with the established categories.
Similar to previous research, this study found that when the sample population differs racially/ethnically from the normed population (60% of this study's participants were Hispanic), the Static-2002 was ineffective for accurately predicting sexual reoffending. However, the Static-2002 effectively predicted violent and general recidivism with this sample population.
32
Duncan, Jessica. "Public Perceptions Regarding Sex Offenders and Sex Offender Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1507.
Full textAbstract:
This study was an observation of the public's knowledge and perceptions on sex offenders, sex offenses, and sex offender management policies. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 282 students at East Tennessee State University. Along with the basic demographic variables, respondent's field of study was measured as a main independent variable. For example, it was hypothesized that students studying within the criminal justice field would hold more accurate beliefs concerning the sex offender population. Overall, the study proved to be statistically insignificant. Multivariate analysis did show, however, that certain demographic variables were more predictive in determining an individual's support towards sex offender management policies.
33
Fawcett, David. "The Influence of Profession and Therapy Type for the Cost Effective Treatment of Sexual Dysfunction." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3017.
Full textAbstract:
Sexual dysfunctions are serious mental health issues that impact an estimated one in three Americans. Due to the complex, relational nature of most sexual dysfunctions, mental health professionals trained to work with couples and their relationship interactions are likely to have better outcomes when treating clients with sexual dysfunction. Data from CIGNA Health Solutions was analyzed to explore differences in therapy outcome for various types of mental health professions when treating clients with sexual dysfunctions. The current research is a retrospective analysis of administrative data that explores whether or not type of profession (i.e. psychologists, Masters of social work, marriage and family therapist, or professional counselor) influences the outcome of mental health treatment. This study also explores whether therapy modality (i.e. individual, conjoint, or mixed mode, a combination of individual and conjoint therapy) influences therapy outcome. Treatment outcome was measured by recidivism rates, client drop out from therapy, the total number of sessions, and cost of treatment. Participants included 230 males and 189 females ages 18 to 101 (M =38.9, SD = 11.4) who received treatment for sexual disorders from 2001 to 2006. Participants were from all regions of the United States. Results indicate that overall, psychotherapeutic treatment for sexual dysfunctions is relatively brief, averaging about seven sessions across all professions. Results suggest that marriage and family therapists treat sexual dysfunctions using a conjoint and mixed mode approach more frequently than therapists with other licenses. Results also suggest that mixed mode therapy has drastically lower dropout rates and longer retention than individual or conjoint therapy. These results suggest that utilizing a combination of relational and individual sessions is beneficial to the treatment of sexual dysfunctions.
34
Schoenfeld, Tara McKenzie. "Risky business: a regional comparison of the levels of risk and service needs of sexually offending youth." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3097.
Full textAbstract:
Considerable attention has focussed on identifying individual factors associated with, or
predictive of, sexual offending (e.g., Efta-Breitbach & Freeman, 2004). In light of these
individual factors, clinicians and researchers have developed standardized instruments for
assessing the risk posed by sexually offending youth. Two such instruments are the Juvenile Sex
Offender Assessment Protocol-II (J-SOAP-II; Prentky & Righthand, 2003) and the Estimate of
Risk of Adolescent Sexual Offence Recidivism Version 2.0 (ERASOR-II; Worling & Curwen,
2001). In addition to individual factors, research on crime has demonstrated that structural
factors within the community may be important determinants of sexual and non-sexual offending
(e.g., McCarthy, 1991; Ouimet, 1999; Shaw & McKay, 1942; Wirth, 1938). Therefore, the
purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to compare the psychometric properties of two newly
developed risk assessment instruments (i.e., J-SOAP-II and ERASOR-II) and (b) to use the better
instrument to compare the levels of risk posed by sexually offending youth in 3 neighbouring,
but diverse communities. Using file information, the J-SOAP-II and ERASOR-II were scored on
84 adolescent males between the ages of 11 and 20 years who had committed a sexual offence
and received treatment at Youth Forensic Psychiatric Services (YFPS) in the Greater Vancouver
Area (GVA; n = 30), Central Okanagan (CO; n = 26), and Thompson Nicola region (TN; n =
28). Calculations of interrater reliability and item-total correlations indicated that the J-SOAP-II
was a better assessment instrument for this sample of offenders. Consequently, further regional
analysis of risk was conducted using the J-SOAP-II data. Results indicated that although there
were no regional differences among the severity and history of sexual offending, TN youth
generally had a greater number of risk factors than did youth in CO and GVA. Specifically,
youth in TN were found to be higher risk in the areas of intervention, general problem behaviour,
iii
and family/environment dynamics. These results suggest that to better understand youth who
commit sexual offences and to provide appropriate prevention and intervention strategies for
individual offenders and their communities, youth should not be evaluated in isolation from their
social and community context. Recommendations for practice are discussed.
35
Leal, Celso. "Da castração química como sanção penal no âmbito do direito comparado." Master's thesis, Universidade Portucalense, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11328/1529.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico-ProcessuaisEm todo o mundo a criminalidade sexual é uma preocupação. A reincidência em tal tipo de crimes tem gerado formas de reação penal que pretendem responder de forma mais eficaz às finalidades pretendidas, com especial enfoque na ressocialização. A castração química dos agressores sexuais tem sido uma das formas utilizadas para o efeito. Mas tirar a liberdade sexual mediante medicação hormonal, preterindo a liberdade ambulatória, não é consensual e deverá, acima de tudo, respeitar os mais elementares valores reconhecidos internacionalmente, plasmados nos mais diversos instrumentos internacionais existentes sobre esta matéria. Vários são os Estados que regulam a castração química como forma de punição/tratamento dos agressores sexuais. Também são muitos os Estados que apesar de não terem ainda um regime jurídico relativo à castração química, já sobre ele dispõem de projetos ou propostas de lei. A apreciação dos regimes jurídicos dos diversos Estados sobre a matéria permitirá determinar os principais aspetos habitualmente regulados bem como a forma de compatibilização de tais regimes com as Leis Fundamentais dos diversos Países e, consequentemente, com os direitos fundamentais internacionalmente reconhecidos. Como se verificará, nem sempre os regimes jurídicos encontram o equilíbrio entre punir/tratar os delinquentes sexuais e a proteção dos direitos fundamentais dos visados. Visitar tais diplomas legais e compreendê-los é o que se procurará, bem como alvitrar algumas sugestões sobre a matéria.
Worldwide sexual crime is a concern. Recidivism in this type of crime has generated forms of criminal reaction that intend to respond more effectively to the intended purposes, with special focus on rehabilitation. The chemical castration of sex offenders has been one of the forms used for this purpose. But take sexual freedom by hormonal medication, away ambulatory freedom, it is not consensual and should, above all, respect the most basic internationally recognized values, enshrined in various existing international instruments on the matter. There are several states that regulate chemical castration as punishment / treatment of sex offenders. Also there are many states that despite not having a legal regime for the chemical castration, already on it have projects or bills. The appreciation of the legal systems of different States on the matter will determine the main aspects usually regulated and how to compatibility of such schemes with the Fundamental Laws of various countries and hence the fundamental rights internationally recognized. As will be shown, not always legal regimes find the balance between punishment / treat sex offenders and protection of the fundamental rights of those targeted. Visit such legislation and understand them is what you seek, and opine some suggestions on the matter.
Orientação: Prof. Doutor Manuel da Costa Andrade
36
Briquet, Laurent. "Explorations psychométriques et psychoprojectives chez les auteurs d'infractions à caractère sexuel en psychologie légale : contribution sémiologique à l'identification de nouvelles composantes intrapsychiques et de nouvelles prises en charge psychothérapiques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC006.
Full textAbstract:
La prise en charge des auteurs d’infractions à caractère sexuel bouscule les professionnels du soin dans les limites de leurs compétences thérapeutiques et pose par voie de conséquence la récurrente question des chances de réinsertion sociale de ces sujets dans la société.La méconnaissance du fonctionnement intrapsychique de ces patients, l’absence de formation des professionnels à la sexualité normale et pathologique, l’effet de renforcement sur les pulsions partielles produit par internet, ou encore la spécificité du cadre thérapeutique sous contrainte sont autant d’éléments qui nous placent définitivement hors d’un champ habituel de prise en charge en santé mentale. En tentant de prendre en compte l’ensemble de ces spécificités et en explorant de façon standardisée les dimensions psychosociales, psychométriques et psycho-projectives de ces auteurs d’infraction à caractère sexuel, cette recherche vise à mettre en lumière d’une part les variables intrapsychiques qui permettraient d’améliorer les échelles d’évaluation de la dangerosité sexuelle et d’autre part les caractéristiques psychothérapiques susceptibles de répondre aux dysfonctionnements psychiques spécifiques de cette populationThe management of sexual offenders disrupts care professionals within the limits of their therapeutic skills and consequently raises the recurring question of the chances of reintegration in society.The lack of understanding of the intrapsychic functioning of these patients, the lack of training of professionals in normal and pathological sexuality, the reinforcing effect on partial drives produced by the internet, or the specificity of the court-ordered therapy’s framework are all elements which definitely puts us out of the usual mental health care field.By attempting to take into account all these specificities and by exploring in a standardized way the psychosocial, psychometric and psycho-projective dimensions of these sex offenders, this research attempts to highlight on the one hand the intrapsychic variables that would improve scales of sexual dangerosity and secondly the psychotherapeutic characteristics likely to respond to the specific psychological dysfunctions of this population
37
Dempster, Rebecca Jane. "Prediction of sexually violent recidivism, a comparison of risk assessment instruments." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq37511.pdf.
Full text
38
Teixeira, Júlio César 1965. "Avaliação do parceiro sexual e risco de recidivas em mulheres tratadas por lesões genitais induzidas por Papilomavirus humano (HPV)." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313280.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Luiz Carlos TeixeiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-26T23:39:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Teixeira_JulioCesar_D.pdf: 249193 bytes, checksum: 09f66155c6d9835e6826e405e07b440f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000
Doutorado
39
Rosario, Nieves Iris Y. "El registro de ofensores sexuales: un análisis comparado entre Estados Unidos y España." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673805.
Full textAbstract:
La presente investigación jurídica comparada se enfocará en cuatro aspectos de los registros de
ofensores sexuales: (1) el contexto sociológico en el que emergieron los registros en Estados
Unidos; (2) los actores políticos que incidieron en su expansión; (3) cómo la figura fue
diseminándose en EE. UU y a otras jurisdicciones como España; y (4) cómo los tribunales de
mayor jerarquía han reaccionado ante su imposición. De igual forma, se examinarán los
fundamentos con los que se valida esta figura jurídica, los efectos que su imposición provoca en
la vida de los registrados y en la supuesta seguridad ciudadana. Una vez identificados los
fundamentos de la imposición del registro y los efectos que dicha imposición causa en las personas
ofensoras sexuales podrá afirmarse que el registro es una medida punitiva. De esta manera, se
estará en posición de afirmar si los principios del Derecho Penal deberían anteponerse como
límite a la imposición del registro.This legal comparative study is focused on four aspects of the Sex Offender Registries: (1) the sociological context that emerged from these registries in the United States; (2) on the type of political actors that affected their expansion;(3) on how these registries spread across the United States and other jurisdictions, like Spain; and (4) on how the higher courts have reacted to their imposition. Likewise, it will look at the legal basis that supports this legal figure, the effect it provokes on the lives of sex offenders, and it’s supposed effect on security. Once we identify the basis of imposing sex offender registries ad the effects of such imposition on sex offenders, we will be able to affirm whether the sex offender registry results in a punitive mesure. Consequently, we will be able to affirm whether the principles of criminal law should provide a limit to the imposition of the sex offender registry.
40
Palaric, Ronan. "Cliniques des auteurs d’agressions sexuelles au carrefour des débats contemporains : analyse psychocriminologique intégrative des perspectives psychodynamique et cognitivo-comportementale appliquées aux modalités de prise en charge thérapeutique." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN20040/document.
Full textAbstract:
La prise en charge des Personnes Placées Sous Main de Justice (PPSMJ) et plus particulièrement des auteurs d’infraction à caractère sexuel suscitent des interrogations dès lors qu’il s’agit de questionner leur pertinence quant à la prévention de la récidive et la qualité de la réinsertion. Organisé autour d’une double composante, thérapeutique et pénitentiaire, l’accompagnement socio-pénal des PPSMJ tend aujourd’hui à s’inspirer de certaines pratiques étrangères. Centrées sur l’identification de facteurs de risque, de nouvelles approches voient le jour. Cette recherche doctorale vise à mettre en évidence les effets de pratiques de groupes de parole dans les champs thérapeutique (Groupe Thérapeutique Structuré) et pénitentiaire (Groupe de Parole de Prévention de la Récidive). L’hypothèse de ce travail suppose que le produit de la rencontre entre soin thérapeutique et accompagnement pénitentiaire favorise l’empowerment, c’est-à-dire l’autonomisation et la responsabilisation de la PPSMJ. En déconstruisant les objectifs et méthodes et en observant les effets des pratiques émergentes, il s’agit de repérer les évolutions de leurs participants quant à leur rapport à soi, à autrui, à la norme et à l’acte. Analysant distinctement puis conjointement les pratiques, la méthodologie employée décrit leur cohérence interne, leur différenciation et leur éventuelle complémentarité dans le cadre législatif instituant la prise en charge des PPSMJ. La mise en commun des effets de ces pratiques présume alors un lieu de visibilité des changements à l’œuvre lors du parcours socio-pénal. Cet espace, nous l’avons décrit comme un dispositif socio-sanitaire nécessaire à la PPSMJ pour s’inscrire pleinement dans son parcours pénalOffenders treatment, and particularly sexual offenders treatment, gives rise to debates when effects on recidivism and reintegration into society is questioned. Split into penitentiary and therapeutic practices, French probationary system takes model on foreign practices. Based on risk factors identification, some new approaches emerge. This research aims to show the effects of new therapeutic and penitentiary practices. Hypothesis is made that therapeutic and penitentiary programs, when both are applied, are favoring empowerment. Analyses of methods and goals, observation of practices, provide a vision of the offenders’ evolution concerning its relation to oneself, others, law and criminal behavior. First, effects practices are analyzed separately and, in a second time, their joint effects are described. Pooling the effects of new practices assume the identification of a specified place to accord to the offender the means to participate wholly into his sentence
41
D'ambrosio, Fanny. "De l'empathie en "psychologie normale" aux empathies chez les auteurs d'agression(s) sexuelle(s)." Thesis, Reims, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REIML009.
Full textAbstract:
L'empathie est au cœur de nos relations sociales : elle permet leur régulation par les émotions. Des études, aux résultats contradictoires, ont ainsi suggéré qu'un déficit d'empathie chez les auteurs d'agression sexuelle était un élément central dans leur évaluation et leur traitement.Nous avions 2 objectifs pour cette thèse :1) valider en français, dans une population adulte, une échelle d'empathie générale, la Basic Empathy Scale (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006) ainsi qu'un inventaire des compétences socio-émotionnelles, le Social Skills Inventory (Riggio, 1989, 2002) ;2) approfondir la connaissance des liens existant entre empathie générale, empathie spécifique, distorsions cognitives, compétences sociales et risque de récidive chez des auteurs d'agression sexuelle.136 adultes issus de la population générale (78 femmes et 58 hommes) ont rempli les auto-questionnaires répartis en 2 passations séparées de 7 semaines. 37 détenus (20 auteurs d'agression sexuelle sur enfant, 6 auteurs d'agression sexuelle sur adulte, 6 auteurs d'agression non-sexuelle, 5 non-agresseur) ont participé à des entretiens et questionnaires sur plusieurs semaines.La Basic Empathy Scale et le Social Skills Inventory présentent des qualités psychométriques assez satisfaisantes. Chez les détenus, les liens empathie générale/empathie spécifique/distorsions cognitives différent selon le type de victime, avec des distorsions cognitives plus ou moins généralisées en conséquence. La régulation des émotions apparaît essentielle dans le processus empathique. Enfin, les mesures statiques du risque de récidive ne sont pas liées à l'empathie générale, à l'empathie spécifique et aux distorsions cognitives. Des profils socio-cognitivo-émotionnels ont été proposés à titre exploratoire et nécessiteraient d'être à nouveau investigués dans de futures recherches.Ainsi, notre thèse ouvre la voie à des travaux de recherche novateurs dans le domaine, à l'aide d'outils encore peu utilisés et qui pourraient être améliorés afin d'affiner les profils socio-cognitivo émotionnels des AAS déjà établis et de pouvoir proposer des prises en charge adaptées à chacun des profils rencontrésEmpathy is fundamental in our social relations: it allows their regulation by emotions. Studies, with conflicting results, have suggested that a lack of empathy among sex offenders was a central element in their evaluation and treatment.We had two objectives for this thesis:1) to validate in French, in an adult population, a general empathy scale, the Basic Empathy Scale (Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006) and an inventory of socio-emotional skills, the Social Skills Inventory (Riggio, 1989, 2002);2) to increase knowledge on the relationship between general empathy, specific empathy, cognitive distortions, social skills and recidivism among sex offenders.136 adults from a general population (78 women and 58 men) completed the self-report questionnaires divided into two sessions, separated by seven weeks. 37 inmates prison (20 child molesters, six rapists, six authors of non-sexual assault, and five non-aggressors) were interviewed and completed questionnaires over several weeks.The Basic Empathy Scale and the Social Skills Inventory have quite good psychometric qualities. Among inmates prison, links between general empathy, specific empathy, and cognitive distortions depend on the type of victim, with cognitive distortions more or less generalized accordingly. Emotion regulation is essential in the empathic process. Finally, static measures of recidivism are not correlated to general empathy, specific empathy or cognitive distortions. We also proposed exploratory profiles socio-cognitive-emotional but they require to be re-examined in future research.Thus, our thesis opens the way for innovative research in this field, using scales not yet widely used and that could be improved in order to refine the socio-cognitive-emotional profiles of the sex offenders already established and to offer of support adapted to each of the profiles encountered
42
Reitzel, Lorraine R. Carbonell Joyce L. "The effectiveness of sexual offender treatment for juveniles as measured by recidivism a meta-analysis /." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-06172005-130331.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005.Advisor: Dr. Joyce L. Carbonell, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Psychology. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 15, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 83 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
43
Ferguson, Meaghan. "Recidivism Among Treated Sexual Offenders and a Matched Comparison of Untreated Sexual Offenders." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18117.
Full textAbstract:
The present investigation examined a sample of 64 offenders treated at the Regional Treatment Centre (Ontario) Sex Offender Treatment Program (RTCSOTP) and a sample of 55 untreated sexual offenders from the Ontario region of Correctional Service of Canada. Groups were matched on age at index offence, Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) score and type of sexual offender. The Rapid Risk Assessment of Sexual Offence Recidivism Scale was scored on all participants. Recidivism, based upon officially recorded charges and conviction data, was the primary dependent measure. Results indicated that both treated participants and control participants, including those with high PCL-R scores, evidenced low sexual recidivism rates. Based on a survival analysis using time to recidivism as the dependent variable, no differences were found between treated and untreated sexual offenders. The need to consider a wider range of treatment outcome measures and the benefits of using dynamic methods of risk assessment are highlighted.
44
Liu, Chang-Cheng, and 劉昌誠. "Using Artificial Neural Network Model for the Sexual Offender Recidivism Prediction." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60957473188218040457.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺北醫學大學
醫學資訊研究所
98
In Taiwan, sexual offenders need to receive professional assessments before leaving the prison, but the lack of "high recidivism risk" standard is a serious problem. This study try to use artificial neural network model to provide an important reference to forensic psychiatric professionals, thereby strengthening the predict ability, reduce errors, and saving manpower and money. Participants of this study were 552 sexual offenders released from a prison in northern Taiwan in 1995 and 1996, and we follow all cases from the time of release to December 31, 2003 and 2004 separately. 22 risk predictors with statistic significance are selected to construct a artificial neural network (ANN) model for the sexual offender recidivism prediction. Then we examined the predict ability of the ANN model by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and compare with the model constructed by logistic regression, RRASOR, MnSOST-R, and Static-99. The area under the ROC curve for ANN model is the biggest, after comparing with all prediction models, ANN model got better predict ability.
45
Wang, Yu-Chen, and 王玉貞. "A study of sexual assault recidivism types and its influencing factors." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65389976365565395305.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
統計學系
101
Sexual assault is a great threat to the woman and child's security, so it has been focused and concerned by the public. How to correct sexual assault to be far from recidivism, to improve the treatment and assessment aiming at high-risk groups of easy recidivism becomes the important part of prevention task in the future. This study is based on the data of Sexual Survey in 2009, it divides sexual assault into three category of sexual assault conviction, other criminal records, and no criminal record. According to the Chi-square test of independence, we find that there are significant correlations among different types of conviction and crime time, the place of crime, the reason of crime, special preferences, control mode, type of case, the object, the age of the victim, heterosexual curious age, sources of knowledge about sex, age at first sex and first sexual object, whether the regular sexual partner, the unpleasant sexual experience or not, the age of unpleasant experience, the relationship with their mothers, whether the drug of abuse, drinking frequency, with or without a fixed residence, marriage, age, educational background, and occupation. In addition, we use multiple logistic regression to find that the career as labors, types of cases for forcible, the age of unpleasant sexual experience between 6 to under 18, the drug of abuse sample, the type which belongs to sexual assault conviction has a higher probability than other criminal records when other things being equal. We also find that the career as administration, service personnel and labor, the first sexual object as a sex worker, the reason of crime as emotion, impulse or intoxication, the sexual object as a stranger, netizen, cohabitant, couples, friend, colleague or classmate, the education background as under junior high school, the type which belongs to sexual assault conviction has a higher probability than other criminal records when other things being equal.
46
Tung, Tzu-Yi, and 董子毅. "Recidivism of Sexual Offenders and Cross-validity of Static-99 in Taiwan." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85208696663709292776.
Full text
47
鍾志宏. "Research on Evaluation Indicator and Predictive Validity of Recidivism of Sexual Offender Institution Treatment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8sm9t6.
Full textAbstract:
博士中央警察大學
犯罪防治研究所
104
The study explores the theories of sexual offence and the results of empirical researches on recidivism, gathering the official secondary material of imprisonment evaluation report, correction efficiency report, recidivism evaluation report, correction details, STATIC-99, recidivism report of sexual assault to establish the recidivism prediction module and to analyze the validity of the evaluation tools. The sample was comprised of 996 sexual offenders, which had been released from three prisons with dedicated treatment in Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung between 2006 and 2007, accounting for 68.88% of the entire sample. The study shows: (I) the rate of recidivism of sexual and non-sexual offenses within five years are respectively 5.62% and 32.83%, with recidivism reaching a peak in three years after release of imprisonment; (II) The recidivism rate is higher in the following situations: poor early stage relationships (family and school), encounter of negative experiences and characteristics (sexual assault victims, numerous early stage family stressful events, impulsiveness and poor emotional control, personality disorder), being unmarried, having numerous stressful family events in adulthood, short term professional or sexual life problems, having a criminal record and experienced various deviations (sexual deviance and sexual assault convictions, violent criminal history, drug use, etc.), viewing pornography videos or alcohol consumption prior to committing offense, having sexually assaulting strangers, usage of violence in sexual assault, having persistent or special ceremonial patterns during sex offences, having a low denial level, having been selected to follow-up treatment, having experienced several individual treatments, having followed a long-term treatment, having failed treatment assessment, having no ability to maintain intimate relationships, being continuously unfairly treated by their peers, suffering probably a residential instability, being of lower age and education level after imprisonment; (III) In addition to the treatment efficacy evaluation form, a higher score in STATIC-99, RRASOR and assessment of the probability of recidivism or a higher hazard classification, will lead to a higher probability of recidivism, the persistence of sexual offenders will be shorter, but the ROC (Receiver operative characteristic) curve in the aforementioned scale indicates the AUC value to be inferior to 0.7; (IV) Based on the prediction model of sexual assault recidivism established by this study and integrating the current scale, two integrated prediction scales of recidivism in general crimes and in sexual offenses (SORPIS-A and SORPIS-S ) recommend prediction criterions with the AUC values respectively at .770 and .755, with both having a better predictive power. According to the abovementioned results of the study, the following recommendations are made: (I) implementation of community-based monitoring in order to expand preventive objectives of recidivism, in accordance with the peak of recidivism; (II) improving the current evaluation forms and establish a quality supervision mechanism of the treatment data; (III) combining clinical assessment and prediction scale to improve the predictive power of recidivism; (IV) pay attention to the collection of data regarding the static state or stability factors of sex offenders’ sexual deviance characteristics; (V) implementing a rolling review and revision of the prediction scale on the basis of the integration scale of this study; (VI) strengthen the cooperation in political and academic fields to cumulate the data of sex offenders’ treatment and recidivism and to implement a follow-up longitudinal study in the long term; (VII) review the definition of personality disorder and treatment method; (VIII) apply a compulsory treatment sanction to avoid excessive behavior; (IX) emphasize early stage relationships and improve family and school involvement; (X) take advantage of recidivism prediction and strengthened treatment, community-based monitoring and assessment efficacy of compulsory treatment.
48
Wang, Sheng-Wei, and 王聖威. "Application of the Emotional Stroop Task to Evaluate Recidivism of Sexual Offenders in Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15839402034957689823.
Full textAbstract:
碩士樹德科技大學
人類性學研究所
102
Occurrence of sexual assaults is the result of a complex process of information processing, including sex offenders’ values, cognition, emotion, personality traits, physiology and other components caused by their interaction as the results, how to understand the motivation behind those sexual offenders, to reduce the recidivism rate of the case by appropriate interventions, which have been the highlight of sexual offending prevention; both at home and abroad have been developing manyexplicit questionnaires in order to achieve the above objects and be able to predict the recidivism rate, but with the uncertain factors are effected by sex offenders’ denial, expectations from the society and the questionnaires’ design itself, sometimes causing the error on the assessment and not valid for the therapeutic purposes. The foreign studies have been researching that could make a good use of the computerized implicit psychological tasks, trying to solve the above limitations, and the Emotional Stroop Task is one of them. The Emotional Stroop Task is attempting to develop on activating sex offenders’ behaviors caused by some types of stimuli, such as sexual-related colored words or images, by using those sexual offenders’ tendency focusing on the stimuli during the tests to introduce attention biases, the reaction time to the color of the stimuli tends to get delayed called the Stroop Effect, to understand their motives behind the sex crime. The current studies specialized in the Emotional Stroop tasks and the correlation of the explicit questionnaires are relatively little, so this study is in terms of the commonly used in the Static-99 recidivism questionnaireas the standard, to analyze different recidivism risk of sex offenders to read the results of the Emotional Stroop Task. In this study, the experimental group received a total of 18 cases, and base on the results-static 99 recidivism risk questionnaire will be divided into three groups of low recidivism, low to medium recidivism, and medium to high recidivism risk for the Emotional Stroop Task, including five types of stimuli and 2-phase words and images test, and the results will be analyzed within the group and between groups, and then would be comparedwith a control group of 16 people from Shu-Te University adult male students. Research data show that the sex-related words and images caused by color reaction time is regardless of the low recidivism risk group, the low to mediumrecidivism risk group, the medium to high recidivism risk group, as well as the overall of the experimental group and neutral words and image comparison, which had showed obvious Stroop Effect. The experimental group and the overall five type groups of words and images would be compared as the test results with the control group also showed obvious Stroop effects. Regardless of the experimental group or a control group, the experimental test resulted words and images that were highly relevant, but the images caused by the Stroop Effect were significantly higher than words.
49
CHEN, CHIEN-JEN, and 陳建任. "Study On The Police Community To Investigate The Effectiveness Of Recidivism Against Sexual Offender." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/559yvy.
Full textAbstract:
碩士銘傳大學
犯罪防治學系兩岸與犯罪防治碩士在職專班
106
Our Sexual Assault Crime Prevention Act has been in force for more than 20 years since its implementation in 1997. The period is due to factors such as the background of time and space. After many developments. For Recidivism to prevent sexual assault has been divided into the following four categories: pre-incarceration assessment and treatment, inmate treatment, post-incarceration treatment, and community intervention. Introduced registration and visit system in 2011, Make police officers the most direct supervisory role after the perpetrators are released from prison. How to deal with the difficulties faced by police officers in practice has become an important issue. This study is based on in-depth interviews and literature analysis, Four police officers and three injurers were selected as the respondents by way of sampling, and analyze the interview data, Understand the implementation status of the current police community visit system on the recidivism of sexual assault offenders, and to study whether the system currently needs improvement and propose relevant research. The study found the effectiveness of the police community visit system is significant or not, It is related to “The number of people who are responsible for registration and registration”, “ Whether the injurer is willing to cooperate with the visit”, “Police Professional Knowledge”, “Over-reliance of network members on police agencies”. In summary, this study draws on the experience and opinions of the interviewees to propose the following six major recommendations: 1）Strengthen horizontal and vertical links between network members; 2）Police manpower integration and professional training; 3）Give police officers more direct execution; 4）The number of years of registration, registration and visits should be assessed and assessed for risk; 5）The possibility of adopting an announcement system; and 6）Registration and registration system returns to the judicial unit.
50
TSENG, YU-CHE, and 曾昱哲. "The Relationship Between Risk Assessment of Community-Based Treatment and Recidivism of Sexual Crime." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27z55b.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中央警察大學
犯罪防治研究所
107
This study presents data comprised of sexual offenders who had participated in community-based treatment in Department of Public Health of Taoyuan from 2014 to 2017 (a total of 2,112 times and 1,053 samples were selected) to find the association between the data of community-based treatment and the retrospective sexual criminal records. Identifying the risk factors affecting “sexual crime records” and “the score of risk assessment scales” and its degree of influence, so as to construct indicative risk factors for sexual recidivism. The study indicated that (1) the retrospectively annual sexual recidivism rates of all samples are 3.2% for 1 year, 5.9% for 3 years, 6.9% for 5 years, 9.0% for 7 years, 11.9% for 10 years, and 15.7% for 15 years; (2) the retrospectively annual sexual recidivism rates of different types of offenders were also analyzed, and the highest rate of recidivism in juvenile delinquents types is 4.6% for 1 year, 8.1% for 3 years, 8.9% for 5 years, 14.7% for 10 years and 20.2% for 15 years, with recidivism reaching a peak in two years after the first sexual offence; (3) the score of the acute dynamic risk scale can be used as the recidivism criterion for the "past" sexual recidivism; (4) the recidivism rate is higher in the following situations: “the type of sexual offence (juvenile delinquents)”, “unmarried”, “reoffending after parole”, “having a fixed sexual crime model”, and “still hanging out with imprisonment peers”; (5) the score of risk assessment scales is higher in the following situations: “sexual recidivism”, “sexual crime types (adult rape)”, “violence in sex offending”, “victim injury or death”, “sexually abused as child”, ”early school maladjustment”, ”unmarried”, ”the first official criminal charge happened under 18 years old”, ”having a fixed sexual crime model”, “victim access in future environment”, ”impulsive / irritable characteristics”, ”still excited to deviant thought and fantasies”, ”unemployment”, ”unstable residence”, ”no regular leisure activities”, and ”no social support network; (6) “Average IQ” and “age under 40” were negatively correlated with the score of risk assessment scales. According to the findings of this study, suggestions are recommended as following: (1) based on the peak of sexual recidivism, strengthen to monitor juvenile delinquents; (2) grasp the critical time to intervene as the score of acute dynamic risk assessment scale oscillates; (3) according to indicative risk factors of the study, provide concrete and feasible advice to members of community-based treatment (guardians, police and therapists) base of their power, affairs and characteristic of work; (4) emphasize the collection of data regarding the influential risk factors for sexual recidivism; (5) pay attention to education in the early stage of life course.