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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sexual difficulties'
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1
FitzGerald, Christina. "Sexuality and sexual identity in women with learning difficulties." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418506.
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Robinson, Kristine. "Internalized Shame as a Moderating Variable for Inhibited Sexual Difficulties in Adult Women Resulting From Childhood Sexual Abuse." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1318.pdf.
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Azar, Mathil. "Middle-aged Lebanese women's construction of sexuality and sexual difficulties : a multiphase qualitative inquiry." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2016. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/6122aa5b-eb18-4ce9-b210-4521ca9d1d54.
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Introduction: This multiphase qualitative study explored the understanding of middle-aged women’s sexuality and sexual difficulties and the way they address these difficulties. Nurses’ and midwives’ role in sexuality-related care was also explored. The need to address the subject was triggered by the multidimensional nature of female sexuality that could not be limited to one single definition; the medicalisation of female sexual problems that is based on the standards of sexual function and dysfunction; the scarcity of research that reflects on women’s subjective views on sexuality and sexual difficulties and the way they address these difficulties. This is particularly crucial at the middle-age where women undergo hormonal and psychosocial changes that may affect their sexual life. Methods: Interviews and focus group discussions were used to capture the narratives of 52 middle-aged women of 40-55 years in phases one and two of the study. They were chosen purposively by education and menopausal status from clinical and non-clinical settings regardless of their marital status and sexual orientation. Additionnally, a sample of 11 nurses and midwives working in the hospital and primary healthcare centres participated in two focus group discussions. Results: Women’s narratives led to a comprehensive understanding of sexuality and sexual problems and the implications for help-seeking. Findings showed how women’s interpretation of sexuality resonates within bio-psychosocial and cultural perspectives driven by double standards and inhibiting sexual socialisation. Women’s sexuality is ‘muted’, conflicting between frustrating experiences, personal expectations and the perception of sexual selves as affected by the middle-age and social myths. Yet, sexuality is central to women’s life where they tend to play a sacrificing role and gain agency. Their sexual difficulties are multifaceted mirroring their inhibitions, relational conflicts, husbands’ sexual problems and contextual burdens. Women would firstly rely on their husbands to discuss together their common sexual issues as nobody can understand their needs more than both of them. In parallel, the gynaecologist is reportedly the first one they consult as they are familiar with him/her. Yet, some do not know who else to turn to for help. Women highlighted many personal, relational and contextual barriers to help-seeking focusing on their husbands’ negative attitude. They also criticised the services offered and the lack of resources. Within this context and in focus group discussions, 11 nurses and midwives reflected on their attitude and behaviour towards sexuality-related care. They had opposing views concerning their involvment in the assessment of patients’ sexual health and identified many barriers to having an effective role in the field. Discussion and implications: This study has a unique contribution in voicing women’s views and concerns as sexuality is underreported and poorly researched in Lebanon. Women’s narratives shed light on many aspects of their sexuality, sexual difficulties and the facilitators and barriers to help-seeking focusing on the role of nurses and midwives in this field. This comprehensive perspective that is contextually based has implications on education, clinical practice and research. It is particularly important to provide middle-aged Lebanese women with a culturally sensitive professional assistance to satisfy their sexual life. In addition, the publication of two papers from the study enriches knowledge in the field. It is of note that in this study sexuality and sexual life are interchangeably used. Nevertheless, sexuality has a broader meaning and encompasses all the thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviour, practices, roles and relationships (WHO, 2006), whereas sexual life is more related to sexual relationships and activities (Segen's Medical Dictionary, 2012).
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Dodd, Julia, Gabrielle Caselman, and Diana Morelen. "Sexual Trauma Stigma and Physical Health Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7339.
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Stigma is one factor posited to play a role in the negative physical and mental health sequelae of sexual victimization (e.g., Finkelhor & Browne, 1985). Stigma has been shown to be associated with negative health outcomes across various marginalized populations, including LGBT individuals (e.g., Hatzenbuehler et al., 2014), and difficulties with emotion regulation (DERS) have been shown to be one mechanism through which stigma leads to psychological outcomes (Hatzenbuehler et al., 2009). This study sought to examine if DERS (Gratz & Roemer, 2004) mediated the relation between sexual victimization stigma (Gibson & Leitenberg, 2001) and physical health outcomes of general self-rated health and somatic symptoms (SSS-8; Gierk et al., 2014) in a sample of college students (N=194, 79% female, 81% white) in rural Appalachia with an experience of sexual victimization. Emotion regulation difficulties significantly mediated the relation between stigma and both health outcomes [self-rated health: R2 = .07, F(2,179) = 7.20, p < .01, indirect effect t(179) = -2.64, p < .01, CI = -.011, - .001; somatic symptoms: R2 = .23, F(2,180) = 27.50, p < .000, indirect effect t(180) = 5.41, p < .000, CI = .05, .02]. Results highlight the importance of considering the role of stigma for survivors of sexual violence, as well as suggest a treatment target in increasing emotion regulation skills.
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Back, Christina. "The Legal Process in Child Sexual Abuse : Difficulties in confirming evidence and providing support." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85553.
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The overall purpose of this thesis was to study the situation of such children in the legal process. In depth-interviews were carried out on ten children aged 8-18 years old. The interviews focused on the children´s experiences and perceptions of meeting with various professionals in the legal process. In-depth interviews were also conducted with nine parents of children who had been sexually abused and who had entered into a legal process. Parents described how they experienced the situation for their children as victims, but also their experiences as parents whose children participated in a legal process. Seven prosecutors with experience of cases where children were plaintiffs were also interviewed in this study. The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). This is an appropriate method to explore the participants´ life-world/personal-world and the individuals´ personal perceptions of objects or events, as opposed to an attempt to produce an objective account. In the first study (study I) on the children, five major themes emerged through the analysis: not being believed, making child sexual abuse visible, need for support, sanctions for offenders and lack of respect for the child´s integrity. Almost all of the children had a feeling of not being believed. In the study (study II) on the parents, three superordinate themes emerged from an analysis of the data: stigmatization, need for support in the parental role and transforming consequences to reality. Three themes emerged from prosecutors study (study III) difficulties with the evidence of crime, children´s special needs and children´s dependence on adults. The informants´ descriptions of how they perceived the children in the legal process were associated with their experience of the difficulty of finding proof of the crime. The aim of study IV was to identify and describe the obstacles that can prevent children from talking about sexual abuse in a police interview. Data consisted of 28 investigative interviews with children and 12 police interrogations with non-offending parents. Data interpretation and analysis were based on content analysis. The following categories were identified: not being believed/telling the truth, need for support and dependence on adults, guilt and shame, fear and difficulty in spatial and temporal characterization. The main conclusion of the thesis is that there are difficulties in confirming evidence when children who have suffered sexual abuse are involved in a legal process. It is also concluded that there is an absence of models with the aim to support children and parents going through the process.
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Nicholls, Leanne. "Constructing female sexuality : how heterosexual women's accounts of sex and sexual difficulties correspond with contemporary classification systems for female sexual problems." Thesis, University of East London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532582.
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There has been recent debate within the field of sexology regarding the construction and classification of female sexuality and sexual difficulties. Those promoting a predominantly `bio-medical', individual and internal construction in the form of the 1998 Consensus Classification for `female sexual dysfunction' have met with specific opposition from feminist proponents through the development of `A New View of Women's Sexual Problems'. This alternative framework rejects the `medicalisation' of women's sexual experiences in favour of locating them primarily within socio-cultural and relational contexts. Based on the assumption that in order to have clinical and research utility, classification systems need to reflect the issues relevant to their subject matter. The purpose of this study was to examine the correspondence between women's accounts of their sexual difficulties and non-problematic sexual experiences with these two classification systems. A non-clinical sample of 49 heterosexual women volunteered to complete an anonymous, qualitative questionnaire survey regarding their experiences of sex and sexual difficulty. An analytic procedure was devised to assess correspondence of the women's accounts with the two classification systems, at both a categorical and conceptual level. 74% of respondents' accounts of their sexual difficultycorresponded with the New View at a categorical level, whereas 41% corresponded with the Consensus Classification. The New View also demonstrated better correspondence at a conceptual level with women's accounts of their sexual difficulty and non-problematic sexual experience. As results suggest that the New View is more able than the Consensus Classification in reflecting the issues women themselves deem as important in understanding their sexual experiences, implications for the prevailing use of the Consensus Classification and its impact on research and clinical practice are discussed.
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Kwok, Lup-chun Andrew, and 郭立椿. "A study of the sexual needs and difficulties experienced by physicallyhandicapped people in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128316.
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Fatman, Joseph Mzimkulu. "Absent or missing fathers and male sexual difficulties : their manifestations in dream symbolism and interpretation." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6717.
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This thesis uses the individual case method in order to demonstrate the effects of paternal deprivation including variations in patterns of inadequate fathering on a male's psychological and sexual development. More specifically, it shows that father absence is a highly significant factor in the development of serious male psychological and social difficulties. Much of the material in the text concerns the impact of father absence on male 'sex-role' development. It is, as such further concerned with showing that paternal deprivation can lead to conflicts and rigidities in the individual's sex-role adjustment, which, in turn, are frequently related to deficits in emotional, cognitive and interpersonal functioning. Due consideration is given to such family characteristics as the mother's response to the father's absence which generally manifests as pathological and debilitating intrusiveness on the affected son's masculine identity. Other family features considered are the role of older male siblings and father substitutes e.g. stepfathers in the amelioration or exacerbation of these difficulties. An assumption is made that where such substitutes are competent father absence per se can have no more than a limited influence on the son's sex role development and vice versa. Some dreams from the case are presented for the purpose of viewing how the considered difficulties manifest in dream symbolism. Attention is paid also to the question as to whether such dreams can provide any useful clues toward an understanding of the nature, type and psychological situatedness of the affected people. Consequently, a discussion of a psychotherapy attempt is made to show that a competent understanding and interpretation of such symbolism will have an invaluable healing benefit on these difficulties.
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Clayton, Sarah Jacqueline. "Childhood experiences of adults with sexual, gambling, drug and/or alcohol difficulties : an online retrospective study." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.528869.
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Kwok, Lup-chun Andrew. "A study of the sexual needs and difficulties experienced by physically handicapped people in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128316.
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Hollomotz, Andrea. "Beyond 'vulnerability' : a social model approach to conceptualising risk of sexual violence against people with learning difficulties." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522942.
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Gray, Jeannie, and Jeannie Gray@canberra edu au. "Women's experience of the effects of breast cancer treatment on sex and the couple relationship." University of Canberra. Professional & Community Education, 1998. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050711.113420.
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Sex after breast cancer treatment has hitherto been studied chiefly by quantitative
methods, which have found that at least a third of women concerned have sexual
difficulties. The reasons for this were not clearly identified, but were usually held to be
associated with depressed mood and negative body image. This study gathered
information about sex and the couple relationship by means of in-depth interviews with
fdteen women, and reports their experiences as they recounted them. All had been
treated with breast surgery, four with radiotherapy, nine with chemotherapy and eight
with the hormone treatment, tamoxifen. Fourteen had had sex since their treatment, and
twelve of these had sexual difficulties they had not been having before the treatment,
These difficulties were not connected with either mood changes or body image concerns,
but were mainly due to problems with desire and orgasm and to vulva1 and vaginal
symptoms. Most women attributed these problems to menopause, whether natural,
induced by the chemotherapy or exacerbated by tamoxifen. The couple relationship in
this circumstance has not been intensively studied until now. The study found that a
positive shift commonly took place in the less stable relationships, so that the couple
became closer, and sex, including heterosexual intercourse, became more acceptable to
the woman. There was no change in the stable relationships. In both stable and less
stable relationships, though intercourse was wished for by the heterosexual women, the
sexual difficulties described above inhibited its successful accomplishment. The study
also reports the coping methods used by the women and their experience of trying to find
information about the subject of sex and sexual difficulties, from health professionals and
other sources.
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Christ, Kaaren R. "Children with problematic sexual behaviour in long term foster care : a review of attachment difficulties within care giving relationships and placement instability." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99560.
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The purpose of this theoretical study was to examine factors associated with the development of attachment relationships for children in long term foster care who Overt demonstrating problematic sexual behaviour. Due to the dearth in available research on this topic, it was necessary to draw from studies in three distinct areas (1) Attachment, (2) Childhood Sexuality, and (3) Placement Stability. In total, the present study examines 13 studies drawn from these three areas, and includes 11 quantitative and 2 mixed method studies.These studies were chosen for their attention to the middle age child in foster care who was demonstrating problematic sexual behaviour. Due to the lack of attachment studies on fostered middle age children, two infant studies were included with the rationale that middle age children and foster parents engage in a similar attachment process and infant studies would provide direction and context for future studies with older children. In the area of childhood sexuality, clinical samples were also included as they contained large numbers of children who had experienced sexual abuse or who had contact with child protection agencies even if they did not reside in foster care.
Studies were examined along dimensions of sample, methods and findings. The results of this inquiry are then discussed, weaving together the three areas of study to answer two research questions: Is there a relationship between problematic childhood sexual behaviour and the development of a successful attachment relationship with a foster parent? And secondly, is there a particular foster parent attachment profile that promotes attachment security with children who are in care?
Studies reviewed support the hypothesis that problematic childhood sexual behaviour presents challenges to foster parents significant enough to seriously impair the development of a secure attachment and that the foster parent's attachment state of mind will be an important factor in success. Results of the analysis of these questions contribute to an emerging hypothesis that the human sexual system may be intricately woven together with the attachment system, making an attachment analysis of problematic sexual behaviour in children particular relevant. A concluding discussion examines clinical issues which may be targets of intervention and the necessity of future research in this area is proposed.
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Afuape, Taiwo. "Mutuality and conflict : investigating group processes and the development of "voice-in-relation" within a short term Women's Group for survivors of sexual abuse who have learning difficulties." Thesis, University of East London, 2002. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3654/.
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Women with learning difficulties are often subject to oppressive situations and attitudes that drastically increase their likelihood of being abused. However, until recently, such women had not had the same access to psychotherapeutic intervention as their non-disabled counterparts. Intervention documented to date has tended to focus on psycho-educational groups where women with learning difficulties are taught skills in order to 'keep them safe'. The author, a trainee Clinical Psychologist, together with an Occupational Therapist and consultant Clinical Psychologist in a Clinical Specialist Learning Difficulties Team, ran a Women's Group for survivors of sexual abuse with learning difficulties. Five women attended the group. The author audio-taped group sessions as well as post group interviews and analysed them using grounded theory analysis in order to investigate the ways in which women with learning difficulties become therapeutic collaborators by affecting and being affected by group process. Two super-ordinate themes of mutuality and conflict were identified and conceptualised as inter-related and cyclical in nature, moving the group through cycles of connection, disconnection and new connection. The post group interviews revealed the development of "voice-in-relation", and a theory is given regarding the relationship between this development and the group process.
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Hammarborg, Annelie, and Maria Legerius. "Chefers upplevda svårigheter vid arbetet med sexuella trakasserier på arbetsplatsen : En studie med chefer inom kommunal förvaltning." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbetshälsovetenskap och psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-32770.
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Syftet med studien var att undersöka eventuella svårigheter chefer kan uppleva i det förebyggande arbetet mot sexuella trakasserier och vid hanteringen av sådana händelser på arbetsplatsen. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med chefer inom kommunal förvaltning på olika kommuner i Sverige. Materialet analyserades med en induktiv tematisk analys. De huvudteman som framkom var; Organisationskultur, Känsligt ämne, Subjektiva tolkningar och attityder och Bristande intresse. Resultatet visade att respondenterna upplevde svårigheter vid både hanteringen och i det förebyggande arbetet mot sexuella trakasserier, där flest svårigheter upplevdes vid hanteringen av sexuella trakasserier. Svårigheterna som var mest framträdande vid hanteringen var ämnets känsliga karaktär, att problemet är dolt och att vissa incidenter inte kommer till chefens kännedom. Vid det förebyggande arbetet var den största svårigheten enligt respondenterna att få alla anställda engagerade i ämnet.The aim of the study was to examine any potential difficulties managers might experience in the preventative work against sexual harassment and when managing such issues in the workplace. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers within municipal administrations at municipalities across Sweden. The material was analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis. Four main themes were found; Organizational culture, Sensitive subject, Subjective interpretations and attitudes and Lack of interest. The results showed that the respondents experienced difficulties in both managing and preventing sexual harassment, difficulties were experienced mostly within managing reports of sexual harassment. The difficulties that were most profound in managing sexual harassment was the sensitivity of the subject, that the problem is hidden, and that some incidents does not come to the managers’ attention. The most profound difficulty while preventing sexual harassment was to engage the employees and involve them in discussions around sexual harassment.
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Guerin, Bernadette M. "Leaving a lot to be desired? Sex therapy and the discourses of heterosex." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3454.
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In this thesis I explore the social construction of sexuality and sexual dysfunction. Interviews were undertaken with 20 sex therapists practising in Aotearoa/New Zealand in order to elicit accounts of contemporary sex therapy practice in the local context. Using a feminist poststructuralist lens, I explicate and critically examine the dominant discourses informing the construction of sex therapy, and heterosexual sexual relations, and what these discourses enable and constrain. I draw attention to some of the assumptions embedded in the construction of the sexual dysfunctions in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR, APA, 2000), and in accounts of sex therapy practice, examining the ways in which these are based on taken-for-granted norms of (hetero)sexuality and highlighting the differently enabled gendered sexual subjectivities they (re)produce. Although there are nine sexual dysfunctions identified in the DSM-IV-TR, all of which I briefly outline in Chapter Four, I restrict my focus in the analytical chapters to the conceptualisation and treatment of vaginismus, orgasm difficulties in women, discrepancies in desire and, relatedly, the gendering of desire through powerful sociocultural discourses and representations. I pay particular attention to the implications of these for heterosexual women’s sexuality. I also explore some of the generic concepts that dominate the construction of therapy at a broader level than that of sex therapy alone, arguing that while these offer some useful ways of framing therapy they also constrain therapy practice in important ways. Through a critical review of the sex therapy literature and accounts of practice from those interviewed, I contend that contemporary sex therapy tends to reify dominant cultural and sexological norms rather than challenge them. My analyses show that the dominant discourses informing constructions of sex therapy and heterosexual sexual relations produce particular types of sex as normal whilst marginalizing sexual acts or practices that fall outside of such restrictive parameters. In particular, I argue that the genital-coital-orgasm construct that is hegemonic within sex therapy restricts possibilities for alternative erotic pleasures and possibilities amongst heterosexuals whilst contributing to the invisibilization of sexual identities other than heterosexual. Accounts of sex therapy practice that were able to contest such framings are also highlighted. Because these came from sex therapists drawing on radical feminist or feminist poststructuralist discourses, I suggest that these discourses offer important possibilities for a deconstructive (sex) therapy practice that is able to challenge an often inequitable sexual status quo. Attention is also drawn to the significant constraints which act to restrict clients’ choices and possibilities for sex therapists to practise in more critically questioning ways. I conclude this thesis with an ‘invitation to reflection’ where I briefly discuss some deconstructive approaches that I have found useful for developing ongoing reflexive analysis of my own taken-for-granted assumptions in the area of sexuality, and for aiding my thinking about therapeutic practices that support my political and theoretical commitments and that attend to some of the issues outlined in this thesis.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Goh, Hong Eng. "A new structural summary of the MMPI-2 for evaluating personal injury claimants." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2006. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001434/.
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The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) is a popular measure of psychosocial functioning and psychopathology in the assessment of individuals in a variety of settings. However, the method of construction employed with the MMPI more than 60 years ago with psychiatric patients challenges the applicability of the scales for determining the psychosocial functioning of individuals from different settings. The restandardisation conducted in 1987 made no effort to eradicate the item overlap that was a result of the criterion keying method with contrasted groups. Although restandardized and updated with more contemporary language and content, the original psychiatric constructs were retained in order to maintain continuity with its predecessor. The aims of this investigation were to develop a new structure for the MMPI-2 constructed at the item-level, empirically derived and which specifically represents the dimensions that are relevant and appropriate in evaluating the psychosocial functioning of personal injury claimants. This task included comparisons with a comparable scale-level analysis and developing optimal scoring strategies where items in components and facets are allocated weightings based upon their strength of association. Study 1 was conducted using a sample of 2989 personal injury claimants assessed in Australia and the United States of America. The final sample of 3230, included 241 normal individuals, was utilized to develop a scale-level structure from 79 standard MMPI-2 scales and subscales. A nine-component solution consisting of General Maladjustment /Emotional Distress, Asocial Beliefs, Social Vulnerability, Somatic Complaints, Psychological Disturbance, Impulsive Expression, Antisocial Practices, Stereotypic Fears and Family Difficulties was derived using principal component analysis. However, intercorrelation between components in the structure signaled the need to develop a structure that would eradicate problems that were perpetuated by item overlap. The second study was conducted with a set of best practice procedures with the same clinical sample of 2989 personal injury claimants as Study 1. Forty-one components were derived through principal component analysis. Through the application of a set of criteria, a 35-component solution was retained. The pattern coefficients from the allocation of items to components determined the weightings to be applied to each item. Further analysis of the 35 components derived a substructure of 37 facets. The 35 components included only 442 of the 567 items, with the reliability coefficients of the first 25 components that ranged between .5 and .97, and the remaining 10 components that ranged from .29 to .49. The latter unreliable components were not included in the final Structural Summary, leaving 25 components (400 items) and their 33 facets for interpretation. Hence, in demonstrating the utility of the newly-derived structure, only 25 components and their 33 facets were interpreted. The 25 components were grouped conceptually into six domains. In the emotional domain were Psychological Distress (PsyDist), Anger, Fears, Psychotic Symptoms (PsyS), Paranoia (Par), Irritability (Irrit), Elation (Elat), Fear of the Dark (FD), and Financial Worry (FinWo). Somatic Complaints (SomC), Sexual Concerns (SexCon), and Gastrointestinal Problems (GasP) made up the measures in the physiological domain. In the behavioural domain were Cognitive Difficulties (CogDiff), Stimulus-Seeking (StimuS), Discipline (Dis), and Delinquency (Del) whilst the interpersonal domain was formed by Social Withdrawal (SoW), Negative Interpersonal Attitude (NIA), Timidity (Tim), Lie, Dissatisfaction with Self (DWS) and Family Relationship Difficulties (FReD). Alcoholism (Alco) was the only measure in the substance abuse domain, and the gender domain was comprised of Masculinity (Mas) and Femininity (Fem). The third study established preliminary normative means and standard deviations using a small opportunistic Australian university student sample (N = 219). No substantial gender differences were found but gender norms were maintained to facilitate comparisons with the traditional MMPI-2 approach. Comparisons of frequency of 'true' item response between the Australian university student sample and the U.S. restandardisation sample found relatively little differences and permitted evaluation of between sample differences on components and facets. The utility of the structure was demonstrated with the illustration of two clinical case examples, and a comparison was made with the standard MMPI-2 scales and subscales. The Structural Summary for the MMPI-2 demonstrated discriminative measures of psychosocial functioning that were a result of no item overlap, and the ability to attend to the different levels of intensity of self-report items because of differential weightings.
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Parent, Marie-Claude. "Les difficultés psychologiques dans le contexte d'une agression sexuelle à l'enfance : une étude longitudinale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67585.
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L’agression sexuelle à l’enfance (ASE) est une problématique de plus en plus étudiée et constitue un problème social d’envergure. Cette étude se penche sur les conséquences de l’ASE et l’effet du temps face à la dépression, la dissociation, les comportements sexualisés et les comportements internalisés et externalisés. Les enfants (166 victimes d’ASE, 204 non-victimes) ont été évalués par le Child Dissociative Checklist, le Child Sexual Behavior Inventory, le Child Depression Inventory, et le Child Behavior Checklist – Parent Report. Une MANOVA 2 X 2 à plan factoriel a confirmé que les enfants victimes d’une agression sexuelle à l’enfance présentent davantage de comportements sexualisés, de dissociation, de dépression et de comportements internalisés et externalisés que ceux du groupe contrôle. Une ANOVA à mesures répétées a permis de comparer trois groupes d’enfants (asymptomatique, transitoire et persistant). L’analyse révèle un effet d’interaction significatif entre le temps et les trajectoires pour les comportements sexualisés et la dissociation. Notamment, à l’étude des trajectoires, le groupe transitoire et celui persistant en ce qui a trait aux comportements sexualisés présentent une diminution significative avec le passage du temps. Il y a également cette diminution de symptômes dissociatifs à travers le temps dans le groupe transitoire. Malgré l’absence d’effet d’interaction avec le temps, les comportements externalisés diminuent significativement dans chacune des trajectoires. Ces résultats devraient être répliqués en incluant différentes variables modératrices autre que le temps afin d’étudier l’influence qu’elles peuvent avoir sur l’évolution des difficultés psychologiques à la suite d’une ASE.
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Courier, Monique. "Le Mariage en Savoie au XVIIIe siècle les contraintes du choix, les difficultés conjugales, les désordres sexuels /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376127825.
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Courier-Christophe, Monique Gutton Jean-Pierre. "Le mariage en Savoie au XVIIIe siècle les contraintes du choix, les difficultés conjugales, les désordres sexuels /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1988. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1988/courier-christophe_m.
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Michels, David. "Soigner sa sexualité : expérience des difficultés sexuelles et recours à la sexologie." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00856538.
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En s'appuyant sur une enquête auprès de patients de sexologues, cette thèse traite d'abord de problématiques familières à l'anthropologie de la maladie : les critères de détermination de la maladie, l'interprétation des troubles sexuels, les itinéraires thérapeutiques et les logiques sociales qui les guident, le sens que les personnes interrogées donnent à leur démarche thérapeutique. S'intéresser aux troubles sexuels et à ce que font les hommes et les femmes pour les régler, permet aussi d'interroger les significations et les représentations de la sexualité dans notre société. Pour expliquer et rendre compte de leur recours, les hommes et les femmes ne manquent pas en effet de produire des discours qui nous renseignent sur le rôle qu'ils ou elles attribuent à la sexualité. Cela permet de cerner les rapports entre sexualité et conjugalité ainsi que les liens que la sexualité entretient avec les identités féminines et masculines.
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Courier-Christophe, Monique. "Le mariage en Savoie au XVIIIe siècle : les contraintes du choix, les difficultés conjugales, les déordres sexuels." Lyon 2, 1988. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/1988/courier-christophe_m.
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La première partie définit le cadre historique de la recherche. Une deuxième partie est consacrée à l'étude des contraintes qui pèsent sur le choix du conjoint. Le but est de trouver les raisons qui incitent les jeunes savoyards à se marier. L'étude des relations familiales, du poids de l'autorité paternelle, des contraintes canoniques, de la pression sociale du groupe de jeunesse, et des comptes-rendus des procès pour promesses rompues, permet de distinguer des raisons normatives et les raisons réelles, et de mesurer la liberté laissée à chacun de faire un choix personnel. La troisième partie s'intéresse aux échecs conjugaux. Les demandes d'annulation, de séparation, les plaintes pour adultère, le meurtre du conjoint, sont différents aspects de la mauvaise entente des époux. Cette mésentente est une affaire publique quand la conduite de l'époux fautif devient scandaleuse pour la paroisse. Les adultères, les concubinages surtout, sont ainsi dénoncés à la justice qui tente, souvent vainement, d'y mettre bon ordre. Le scandale est souvent provoqué par une naissance illégitime. Les archives montrent que les bâtards sont rejetés par tous. Les pères, poursuivis en justice, nient leur responsabilité. La communauté villageoise cherche à éloigner les filles mères, sources de charges financières pour la paroisse. Les mères, esseulées, deshonorées, sont souvent coupables d'infanticide ou d'abandon d'enfant. Les circonstances de ces délits montrent la grande détresse de la population feminine concernéeThe first part defines the historic framework of the research. The second part is a study of the restrictions that bear on the choice of the wife or husband. The aim is to find the reasons which motivate the young to marry. The study of family relations, of paternal authority, of canonical restraints, of social pression of youth rules and of the reviews of lawsuit about broken promises, allows to separate official reasons and real reasons ; and to mesure the freedom given to everyone to take a personal choice. The third part takes an interest to conjugal failures. Requests for annulment and separation ; complaints about adultery ; murder of the spouse, are various aspects of the bad understanding between married couples. This bad understanding is a public affair when the behaviour of the faulty spouse becomes scandalous for the parish. Adulteries, concubinages are denounced to the justice that tries, often in vain, to put it in order. The scandal is often caused by an illegitimate birth. These bastards are rejected by everybody. The fathers, prosecuted for affiliation deny their responsability ; the country community tries to remove the unmarried mothers who are financial charge for the parish. The mothers, alone and dishonoured become often guilty of infanticide or of neglecting their children. The circonstances of these offences show the great distress of the concerned female population
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Lemieux, Roxanne. "Étude des relations entre la dissociation, le fonctionnement réflexif et les difficultés d'adaptation chez des enfants abusés sexuellement." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21235.
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Cette thèse a pour objectif d'examiner le rôle de deux mécanismes psychologiques cognitifs, la dissociation et le fonctionnement réflexif, pour comprendre l'adaptation d'enfants abusés sexuellement. Elle est composée de deux articles testant des modèles de compréhension de l'émergence des problèmes intériorisés, extériorisés et des comportements sexualisés à la suite d'un abus sexuel. Le premier article suggère que le recours à des états dissociatifs pour se défendre de l'abus joue un rôle médiateur entre l'abus et ses séquelles. L'effet de la nature de l'abus sexuel, du type d'abus et du stade développemental de l'enfant au moment de l'abus (circonscrit ou chronique) sur l'ampleur des difficultés d'adaptation est également vérifié. Le deuxième article examine le fonctionnement réflexif comme variable limitant le développement de la dissociation et des difficultés d'adaptation dans un contexte d'abus sexuel. Les mères de 193 enfants âgés de 2 à 12 ans ont répondu aux questionnaires pour la première étude, tandis que 100 mères et enfants âgés de 7 à 12 ans ont participé à la seconde. Les résultats du premier modèle démontrent que la dissociation a un effet médiateur significatif entre l'abus sexuel et les problèmes intériorisés, extériorisés et les comportements sexualisés. Des caractéristiques de l'abus sexuel, seul le stade développemental de l'enfant au moment de l'abus est associé à la sévérité des séquelles. Les abus sexuels vécus avant l'âge de 3 ans et ceux qui se poursuivent sur plus d'un stade développemental ont des répercussions plus sérieuses que les abus vécus à l'âge scolaire ou circonscrits à un seul stade développemental. Les résultats de la deuxième étude démontrent que les capacités reflexives d'un enfant jouent un rôle médiateur entre l'abus sexuel et les symptômes dissociatifs. Également, la relation négative significative entre le fonctionnement réflexif et les problèmes d'adaptation est expliquée par la dissociation. Cet élément suggère que les fonctions reflexives favorisent l'adaptation des enfants en limitant principalement le développement des réactions dissociatives. Les conclusions des études sont discutées en fonction de la pertinence de considérer les mécanismes cognitifs des enfants abusés sexuellement pour comprendre la façon dont ils s'adaptent. Les implications cliniques des résultats sont également exposées.
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Paulo, Victória Isabela Iablonski. "Unravelling a Relationship Between Sexual Beliefs, Sexual Difficulties and Factors of Sexual Excitation and Inhibition in a Portuguese Sample." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/5277.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA- Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia ClínicaAté o momento não encontrámos estudos para avaliar o efeito das crenças sexuais na excitação sexual, ou a sua relação com dificuldades sexuais. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a existência de uma relação entre as crenças sexuais, dificuldades sexuais e fatores de excitação e inibição sexual numa amostra de respondentes de língua portuguesa. Também foram identificadas as principais dificuldades sexuais relatados por homens e mulheres. As propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Excitação Sexual/Inibição Sexual para Mulheres e Homens (SESII-W/M), e do Questionário de Crenças Sexuais Disfuncionais (SDBQ), foram testadas. A amostra não-clínica de 1.878 homens e mulheres, com uma média de idade de 35,9 anos, cuja atividade sexual tinha sido exclusivamente com o sexo oposto (92,6%), foi recrutada através da Internet. Os instrumentos incluíram informação sócio-demográfica, um questionário sobre o estado do relacionamento, o SESII-W/M, o SDBQ e dificuldades sexuais auto-relatadas. A análise dos dados considerou um nível de significância α < 0,05 e revelou diferenças significativas em todos os testes aplicados. A dificuldade sexual mais freqüentemente relatada referiu a "ejaculação precoce" nos homens e a "dificuldade em conseguir o orgasmo" em mulheres. O SESII-W/M revelou-se um instrumento fraco, mas aceitável. A fiabilidade de ambos os questionários sugeriu a exclusão de algumas dimensões. Os resultados deste estudo indicam claramente uma associação entre as variáveis, embora sejam necessários mais estudos para determinar a causa. A validação do SESII-W/M para o português pode beneficiar estudos futuros de fatores de excitação e inibição sexual.
Up to date no studies can be found which evaluate the effect of sexual beliefs on sexual arousal, or their relationship with sexual difficulties. This study aimed to determine the existence of a relationship between sexual beliefs, sexual difficulties and factors of sexual excitation and inhibition in a Portuguese-speaking population. The main sexual difficulties reported by men and women were also identified. Psychometric properties of the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women and Men (SESII-W/M), and of the Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SDBQ), were tested. A non-clinical sample of 1,878 men and women, with a mean age of 35.9 years, whose sexual activity had been exclusively with the opposite sex (92.6%), was recruited through the Internet. Instruments included sociodemographic information, a relationship status questionnaire, the SESII-W/M, the SDBQ and self-reported sexual difficulties. Data analyses considered a significance level of α < 0.05 and revealed significant differences in all tests applied. The most frequently reported sexual difficulty referred to “premature ejaculation” in men and “difficulty in experiencing orgasm” in women. The SESII-W/M model fit proved to be weak, but acceptable. Reliability of both questionnaires suggested the exclusion of some dimensions. The findings in this study clearly indicate an association between variables, although further investigation is needed in order to determine causation. Validation of the SESII-W/M into Portuguese could benefit future studies regarding factors of sexual excitation and inhibition.
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Stephenson, Kyle Richard. "When are sexual difficulties distressing to women? The selective protective value of intimate relationships." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3747.
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Recent studies have shown that sexual functioning and sexually related personal distress are weakly related in women, with only a minority of sexual difficulties resulting in significant levels of distress. However, there has been little systematic research to date on which factors moderate the relationship between sexual functioning and sexual distress. Our aim was to assess the degree to which relational intimacy and attachment anxiety moderate the association between sexual functioning and sexual distress in college-age women. Two hundred women (mean age = 20.25) completed surveys assessing sexual functioning, relational intimacy, attachment anxiety, and sexual distress. Relational intimacy and attachment anxiety moderated the association between multiple aspects of sexual functioning and sexual distress. For lubrication and sexual pain, functioning was more strongly associated with distress in low-intimacy vs. high-intimacy relationships, but only for women with high levels of attachment anxiety. Results regarding desire were mixed and neither intimacy nor attachment anxiety interacted with subjective arousal or orgasm in predicting distress. We conclude that both relational intimacy and attachment anxiety are important moderators of the association between sexual functioning and subjective sexual distress in women. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.text
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Stephenson, Kyle Richard. "When and why are difficulties with sexual functioning distressing to women? : building a contextual model of sexual dysfunction." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25969.
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Recent research suggests that, while up to 58% of women may experience significant difficulties with sexual function, only a third of these difficulties are associated with clinically relevant levels of subjective distress, suggesting a complex relationship between these two factors. We have relatively little understanding as to when sexual difficulties are distressing to women and why some difficulties are distressing while others are not. The current project aimed to begin answering these questions in a number of ways. First, I attempted to replicate previous findings regarding moderators of the association between sexual function and subjective distress. Second, I attempted identify the behavioral and cognitive mechanisms through which sexual impairments cause distress. Participants were 87 adult women from the local community who reported recurrent impairments in sexual function in the past month, and who were currently in sexually-active heterosexual relationships. Participants completed in-person diagnostic interviews and validated self-report measures before completing four weeks of daily online questionnaires assessing their sexual and relational experiences. Results provided additional support for previously identified moderators including relational satisfaction, age, and history of childhood sexual abuse. Additionally, a number of factors mediated the association between sexual function and distress within individuals over time. Specifically, a majority of the statistical effect of sexual function on subjective distress was accounted for by the degree to which impaired sexual function decreased the physical pleasure experienced by the individual during sexual activity. Other consequences of impaired sexual function such as decreased frequency of sexual activity and negative emotional reactions by the partner did not mediate this association. These findings add to theories of sexual dysfunction by taking into account the important ways in which sexual impairments play out in the context of romantic relationships. The results also may explain mechanisms through which current treatments for sexual dysfunction decrease sexual distress, potentially improving our ability to focus interventions on the factors that are of greatest importance to patients.text
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Andrade, Sofia Isabel Gonçalves. "Excitação e Inibição sexual em sujeitos com e sem dificuldades sexuais." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/3693.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto SuperiorEste estudo pretende analisar os níveis de inibição e excitação sexual em sujeitos com dificuldades sexuais, de acordo com o “Dual Control Model” (Bancroft, Graham, Janssen & Sanders, 2009). Participaram neste estudo 2,0140 sujeitos com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 79 anos. Após realizar a análise factorial exploratória verificámos que obtivemos resultados muitos semelhantes aos encontrados pelos autores no artigo original, contudo os autores encontraram 6 dimensões e no presente estudo foram encontradas 7 dimensões. Na dimensão, Cognições inibitórias, o alpha de cronbach no estudo original foi de 0,78 e no estudo presente foi de 0,809. A dimensão importância da relação, no estudo original, obteve um alfa de 0,75 e no estudo presente de 0,749. A terceira dimensão é a arousability e tem como alfa 0,72 contudo no estudo presente esta dimensão foi dividida em dois, atracção tendo um alfa de 0,649 e excitação de 0,608. Na dimensão as características dos parceiros e comportamentos obteve-se um alfa de 0,71 no estudo original e de 0,651 no estudo presente. As dimensões setting e elementos de interacção sexual não foram tidas em conta nas análises estatísticas devido aos seus alphas, a fim de não enviesar os resultados da presente investigação. Verificou-se que existem diferenças significativas entre os sexos em todas as dimensões da escala SESII W/M. Conclui-se que os sujeitos com dificuldade sexual têm uma maior inibição sexual, ou seja, uma menor excitação sexual.
ABSTRACT------iii ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the levels of inhibition and sexual arousal in subjects with sexual difficulties, according to the "Dual Control Model" (Bancroft, Graham, Janssen & Sanders, 2009). The sample was 2.0140 subjects aged 18 to 79 years. After conducting exploratory factor analysis,we found that we obtained results similar to those found by many authors in the original article, but the authors found 6 dimensions and in this study were found 7 dimensions. In dimension inhibitory cognitions the Cronbach alpha of the original study was 0.78 and in the present study was 0.809. The importance of the relationship dimension, in the original study, obtained an alpha of 0.75 and 0.749 in the present study. The third dimension is the alpha arousability and is 0.72 in the present study, however this dimension is divided into two, having a pull alpha excitation 0.649 and 0.608. The dimension characteristics and behavior of partner yielded an alpha of 0.71 in the original study and 0.651 in this study. The setting dimensions and sexual interaction elements were not taken into account in the statistical analysis due to its alphas, in order not to bias the results of this investigation. It was found that there are significant differences between the sexes in all dimensions range SESII W / M. It is concluded that subjects with sexual difficulties have a greater sexual inhibition, in other words, a lower sexual arousal.
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Godinho, Rita Gonçalves Pereira. "Relação entre o dual control model e dificuldades sexuais femininas." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/4466.
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Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto UniversitárioBaseado no Dual Control Model, o presente estudo teve como objectivo a análise das diferenças nos mecanismos de excitação e inibição sexual, presentes no Inventário de Excitação Sexual/ Inibição Sexual para Mulheres e Homens (SESII-W/M), entre mulheres com presença e ausência de dificuldades sexuais. Através dos resultados obtidos, num questionário online, de uma amostra de 962 mulheres portuguesas, com idades entre os 18 e os 72 anos, verificou-se uma maior frequência da dificuldade “Não conseguir ter orgasmo”, seguida pela “Falta de desejo sexual” e “Dor durante o coito”. Foram identificados níveis mais elevados de mecanismos de inibição e níveis mais baixos de mecanismos de excitação em mulheres com dificuldades sexuais, em comparação com os níveis encontrados em mulheres sem dificuldades sexuais, sendo esta diferença particularmente significativa nas dimensões Excitabilidade, Cognições Inibitórias e Elementos Diádicos da Interacção Sexual. Deste modo, confirmou-se a sensibilidade do Dual Control Model para a detecção dos factores problemáticos em mulheres com dificuldades sexuais.
ABSTRACT: Based on the Dual Control Model, the present study had the goal of analyzing the differences in sexual excitation and sexual inhibition mechanisms, present in the Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women and Men (SESII-W/M), in women with and without sexual difficulties. Through the results obtained, from an online questionnaire, of a sample of 962 Portuguese women with ages between 18 and 72, we observed that the most frequently reported difficulty was “Not being able to have an orgasm”, followed by “Lack of sexual desire” and “Pain during coitus”. Higher levels of inhibition mechanisms and lower levels of excitation mechanisms were identified in women with sexual difficulties in comparison with the levels found in women with no sexual difficulties, with these differences being particularly significant in the Arousability, Inhibitory Cognitions and Dyadic Elements of the Sexual Interaction dimensions. The sensitivity of the Dual Control Model for detecting problematic factors in women with sexual difficulties was thus confirmed.
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Chang, Wen-Hsien, and 張文賢. "Thesis: A Study of Difficulties in Implementing Preventive Policies of Sexual Assault or Sexual Harassment on Campus – Based on Examples in Secondary Schools." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56081571171246580631.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
政治學研究所在職進修碩士班
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This study aims at exploring a preliminary description of difficulties in implementing preventive work of sexual assault or sexual harassment on secondary school campuses by means of data analyses and research; announcement work as well as the current conditions and difficulties of the gender equity education committee will be investigated; impacts that environmental factors have on teenagers will also be further examined. The study indicates that the schools lack legal recognition, and most of them only emphasize the official documents from the superiors. Meanwhile, concealment of announcement work, frequent personnel changes, failure to hand over and coordinate works all result in problems. Besides, gender equality issues are not taken seriously on campus; gender equity education committee is not equipped with any professional administrator; a lack of clear division of the department leads to conflicts within the organization; weakening of the family functions affects children’s values; the media fails to fulfill its educational function so that the society is full of gender myths. In addition, the popularity of the Internet also has an adverse effect on students’ concepts in gender equity while the government still has little to do with management of the media and the Internet so far. The study proposes suggestions of how to implement prevention work of sexual assault and sexual harassment in two aspects: As far as the government departments are concerned, law enforcement and advocacy, first of all, should be put more emphasis on and human resources and establish of district resource centers need integrating. Second of all, advocacy and encouragement had better replace punishment for not being informed. Third of all, community resources should be integrated and parent-child activities should be rewarded. Last but not least, the government should pay attention to problems of media pornography and Internet crime. As for the schools concerned, the schools should be active in association with social and political departments and then set up communication platforms and take a close look at differences in administration and increase human resources and incentives. Furthermore, they ought to implement gender equity education and advocate related legal education. In addition, they are supposed to encourage colleagues to participate in and build the school talent bank and shorten the time of processing gender equity cases.
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Gilbert, Indira. "The knowledge of HIV/AIDS and the sexual attitudes and behaviour of adolescents with learning difficulties/disabilities." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1108.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of HIV/AIDS,
and to examine the sexual attitudes and behaviour of adolescents with
learning difficulties/disabilities.
The sample was obtained from a secondary school in Chatsworth that
caters for learners with learning difficulties/disabilities. The study used
quantitative methods of data collection . Sixty adolescents with learning
disabilities completed questionnaires.
The findings indicate that adolescents with learning difficulties/disabilities
have good knowledge of HIV/AIDS and subsequently the majority is not
engaging in sexual activity.
The findings can be used to inform future research on adolescents with
learning difficulties/disabilities, as well as to inform future intervention
strategies.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2008.
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Monteiro, Ana Lúcia da Silva. "Fatores preditores das dificuldades sexuais em idosos: O impacto de variáveis sociodemográficas e psicológicas." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/5787.
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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário para a obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia ClínicaEstudos anteriores têm examinado correlações e preditores do Personal Distress associado a Dificuldades Sexuais, contudo não focam esta variável na adultícia avançada. Objetivos: Analisar e comparar a frequência das diferentes Dificuldades Sexuais (DS) e de Personal Distress em mulheres e homens idosos; Comparar variáveis sociodemográficas e psicológicas em homens e mulheres idosos; e, Determinar e comparar o valor preditivo das variáveis sociodemográficas e psicológicas no Personal Distress e no Desejo Sexual Hipoactivo (DSH) em mulheres e homens idosos. Método: A amostra total foi constituída por 655 idosos não institucionalizados, com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos, 67.3% do sexo feminino e 49.8% casados. A amostra foi recolhida em universidades sénior, centros comunitários e centros de dia. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico, a EUROHIS-QOL-8, a EADS-7 e questões criadas pelos investigadores. Resultados: Nos homens a DS mais reportada foi a dificuldade com a função éretil e nas mulheres foi o DSH. Os homens apresentam um Personal Distress significativamente maior que o das mulheres. Existem diferenças significativas entre homens e mulheres nas variáveis nível educacional, Prática de Religião (PdR), Qualidade de Vida (QdV) e Importância do Sexo (IdS). A QdV, a depressão e a IdS mostraram-se preditores significativos do Personal Distress nas mulheres. Os preditores significativos do DSH nos homens foram o Nível Educacional e a IdS e nas mulheres foram a QdV, a depressão e a IdS. Conclusões: Este estudo demonstra a necessidade de explorar os fatores associados ao Personal Distress, um tópico que ainda não foi estudado.
Previous studies have examined correlations and predictors of Personal Distress associated with sexual difficulties, but with no focus on this variable on elderly. Objectives: To analyze and compare the frequency of different Sexual Difficulties (SD) and Personal Distress in older women and men; Compare sociodemographic and psychological variables in older men and women; and Determine and compare the predictive value of demographic and psychological variables in Personal Distress and Sexual Desire Hypoactive (SDH) in older women and men. Method: The total sample included 655 non-institutionalized elderly, aged over 65 years, 67.3% female and 49.8% married. The sample was collected in senior universities, community centers and day care centers. A socio-demographic questionnaire was used, the EUROHIS-QOL-8, EADS-7 and questions created by investigators. Results: In men the most reported SD was the difficulty with erectile function and in women was the SDH. The men have a significantly larger Personal Distress than women. There are significant differences between men and women in the variables Educational Level, Religion Practice (RP), Quality of Life (QoL) and Importance of Sex (IoS). The QoL, Depression and IoS were significant predictors of Personal Distress in women. Significant predictors of SDH in men were Education Level and IoS and in women were QoL, Depression and IoS. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the need to explore the factors associated with Personal Distress, a topic that has not yet been studied.
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Vriend, Sascha Anna. "Factors predicting the importance of sex in old age." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/5113.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto UniversitárioIn light of previous research showing that older people continue to value sexual activity late into life, this study aimed to assess the factors predicting the value attributed to sex in a senior Portuguese sample. Ratings of the importance of sex were collected for 479 women and 222 men over the age of 65, along with data on the following biopsychosocial predictors: age, sexual orientation, religion, relationship status, education level, area of residence, practice of exercise, quality of life, positive and negative affect, satisfaction with life, relationship satisfaction, sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, sexual difficulties, personal distress with sexual difficulties, frequency of orgasm, and the importance of a romantic relationship. Results from gendered regression analyses using the Stepwise method revealed that the dependent variable importance of sex was significantly predicted by the importance of a romantic relationship, quality of life, relationship satisfaction and religion, whilst the importance of sex to old men was significantly predicted by the importance of a romantic relationship, positive affect, relationship status and frequency of orgasm. Overall, implications of these findings for the sexual health and lives of older people are discussed highlighting the need for a shift in sociocultural perspectives of old age sexuality.
RESUMO: À luz de estudos anteriores que revelam que as pessoas continuam a valorizar a atividade sexual até muito tarde na vida, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os fatores que predizem o valor atribuído ao sexo numa amostra sénior Portuguesa. Classificações da importância do sexo foram recolhidas para 479 mulheres e 222 homens com idade superior aos 65 anos, juntamente com dados sobre os seguintes preditores biopsicossociais: idade, orientação sexual, religião, estatuto relacional, nível de educação, área de residência, prática de exercício, qualidade de vida, afeto positivo e negativo, a satisfação com a vida, satisfação relacional, atividade sexual, satisfação sexual, dificuldades sexuais, perturbação pessoal devido a dificuldades sexual, frequência de orgasmo e a importância de um relacionamento romântico. Resultados de regressões feitas para cada género, usando o método Stepwise, revelaram que a importância do sexo para as mulheres foi prevista de forma significativa pela a importância de uma relação amorosa, qualidade de vida, satisfação com o relacionamento e religião, enquanto que a importância do sexo para homens foi prevista de forma significativa pela importância de um relacionamento romântico, afeto positivo, estatuto relacional e frequência do orgasmo. No geral, implicações destes resultados para as vidas e a saúde sexual de pessoas mais velhas são discutidas, salientando a necessidade de uma mudança nas perspetivas socioculturais da sexualidade no envelhecimento.
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Beaudoin, Geneviève. "Difficultés d'adaptation psychosociale des enfants d'âge préscolaire ayant dévoilé une agression sexuelle : contribution de la sécurité d'attachement." Thèse, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4616/1/D2306.pdf.
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L'agression sexuelle (AS) sur des enfants est un évènement traumatique qui existe depuis très longtemps. Tout un chacun est à risque d'être une victime d'AS, mais aucun ne réagit de la même façon suite à cette agression. Plusieurs facteurs ont démontré leur pertinence dans l'explication de la symptomatologie observée à court et long terme chez des survivants d'une AS, mais une hétérogénéité dans les profils symptomatiques des victimes demeure. D'ailleurs, un biais méthodologique important est présent au sein des études menées auprès d'une population majoritairement adulte, soit l'utilisation du rappel rétrospectif de l'AS vécue à l'enfance afin de recueillir des données descriptives de l'événement traumatique. Un des objectifs de la présente thèse est de répondre à cette limite méthodologique, en observant une population d'enfants d'âge préscolaire peu de temps après le dévoilement d'une AS. La théorie de l'attachement sert ici de modèle conceptuel afin de comprendre la symptomatologie présente chez les survivants d'une AS et sous-tend la raison d'être des articles présentés dans le cadre de cette thèse doctorale. Ainsi, le premier chapitre de la thèse permet au lecteur d'apprécier l'importance de cibler la recherche sur une population d'enfants d'âge préscolaire agressés sexuellement en lien avec la sécurité d'attachement, par l'entremise d'une recension des études ayant été effectuées auprès de survivants adultes et adolescents présentant diverses difficultés d'adaptation. Le deuxième chapitre reprend les conclusions du précédent et présente une étude réalisée auprès de 115 enfants âgés entre 3 et 6 ans pour qui un dévoilement d'AS est présent. Cette étude a comme objectifs de peindre le profil comportemental et psychologique des enfants rencontrés, ainsi que d'établir un lien prédictif entre ces observations et la sécurité d'attachement qu'ils ont établie avec leur principal donneur de soins. Les résultats de cette recherche démontrent la pertinence d'étudier l'AS peu de temps après son dévoilement et justifient l'utilisation du concept théorique de la sécurité d'attachement en lien avec la symptomatologie présentée, afin de parfaire les connaissances actuelles dans le domaine de l'AS. Les articles proposés dans cette thèse doctorale sont novateurs et répondent à la demande actuelle de détenir une compréhension plus juste de ce qui est observé chez les enfants d'âge préscolaire agressés sexuellement, dans le but de parfaire les différentes interventions psychologiques qui leur sont adressées. Ainsi, cette thèse, avec les réflexions qui y sont proposées, permettra d'adapter les services psychologiques offerts aux enfants et aux parents non-agresseurs, ces derniers étant intimement, mais non uniquement, reliés au bien-être psychologique de leurs jeunes protégés.
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MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Agression sexuelle, préscolaire, sécurité d'attachement, difficultés d'adaptation
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Daignault, Isabelle. "Agression sexuelle et difficultés d'adaptation scolaire : analyse des facteurs psycho-sociaux et identification de profils d'adaptation." Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1615/1/D1692.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
L'agression sexuelle (AS) pendant l'enfance ainsi que son dévoilement sont souvent des épreuves déstabilisantes à l'origine de nombreuses répercussions pour l'enfant et sa famille. Cette thèse fait valoir la contribution substantielle que l'environnement familial, scolaire et social peut apporter pour aider l'enfant et sa famille à surmonter ces répercussions. Elle focalise sur le milieu scolaire en raison de sa contribution importante dans le développement à court et à long terme des enfants. Les objectifs visés sont d'abord de documenter la présence de difficultés d'adaptation en milieu scolaire chez des jeunes filles agressées sexuellement et ensuite, d'analyser l'influence de facteurs contextuels, personnels et familiaux sur leurs' différents niveaux et profils d'adaptation. Le concept d'adaptation scolaire se réfère à quatre indices de mesure: les habiletés cognitives, la réussite scolaire, l'adaptation sociale (rejet et retrait) et les comportements extériorisés. L'introduction de la thèse résume l'état des connaissances sur l'AS pendant l'enfance ainsi que les répercussions sur le plan psychologique, sur la réussite scolaire et sur le comportement social des victimes. Elle présente ensuite les principaux facteurs susceptibles d'influencer l'adaptation scolaire à la suite du dévoilement de l'AS. Le chapitre l présente les résultats d'une étude, effectuée en deux temps de mesure, auprès de 50 jeunes filles âgées de 7 à 12 ans. Au-delà des facteurs communément associés à l'adaptation scolaire, cette étude identifie d'autres facteurs probants, mesurés lors du dévoilement de l'AS, qui exercent une influence sur le comportement social, les habiletés cognitives et la réussite scolaire des enfants un an plus tard. Dès le dévoilement, les résultats révèlent qu'environ la moitié des jeunes filles présentent des difficultés importantes soit d'ordre social, ou de nature cognitive, ou scolaire et que le tiers des participants présente des difficultés sévères, en particulier sur le plan cognitif. Un an plus tard, lorsque l'ensemble des participants est considéré, les résultats ne démontrent pas de changement significatif. Une analyse des résultats individuels indique toutefois que, selon l'évaluation des parents ainsi que celle des enseignants, les capacités fonctionnelles des jeunes filles se détériorent dans 30% à 44% des cas. Les résultats de l'étude confirment aussi que certains des éléments psychosociaux identifiés constituent des facteurs de risque qui influencent l'adaptation scolaire des jeunes filles: la sévérité et la durée de l'AS, la présence d'autres formes de victimisation, les symptômes de dissociation et les difficultés d'ordre cognitif. Des facteurs de protection ont aussi été identifiés, tels que l'usage de stratégies d'approche, le jeune âge de l'enfant et sa participation à des activités parascolaires structurées. Les résultats mettent en lumière la pertinence d'offrir rapidement une intervention, puisque plusieurs facteurs permettent d'identifier les enfants les plus à risque dès le dévoilement. Le chapitre II porte plus spécifiquement sur
l'hétérogénéité des profils des enfants agressés sexuellement. Il explore la présence de profils d'adaptation scolaire à la suite du dévoilement de l'AS et identifie les facteurs sociaux et environnementaux qui distinguent ces profils. Les résultats de cette étude, réalisée auprès de 100 jeunes filles âgées de 7-12 ans, révèlent la présence de quatre profils d'adaptation nommés
« Résilient », « Académique-spécifique »,
« Polyclinique » et « Extériorisé/isolé ». Ces profils forment des regroupements qui se distinguent en particulier par le nombre de sphères fonctionnelles affectées à la suite du dévoilement et en fonction des variables contextuelles, personnelles et familiales qui caractérisent l'environnement de chacun des profils. On observe que le nombre de domaines, établis par les indices de mesure de l'adaptation scolaire, dans lesquels les jeunes filles présentent des difficultés à l'école, est proportionnel au nombre de facteurs de risque auxquels elles sont exposées. Les résultats font ressortir les avantages d'adapter les différentes modalités d'interventions aux besoins spécifiques des enfants. L'identification des facteurs scolaires et environnementaux, qui distinguent les différents groupes, permet en effet de proposer des cibles d'intervention pour chacun des profils. En conclusion, les résultats de l'ensemble de cette étude démontrent que plusieurs enfants victimes d'AS, allant jusqu'à 50% de l'échantillon, présentent des difficultés importantes d'adaptation à l'école. La recherche n'a pas permis de démontrer de lien de causalité direct entre l'AS et ces difficultés. Elle a toutefois fait ressortir l'importance de considérer l'adaptation scolaire des jeunes filles victimes d'AS parmi les priorités d'intervention. Les résultats illustrent donc des besoins en prévention, en évaluation, en intervention psychosociale et sur le plan du traitement. Un traitement mieux adapté aux profils identifiés pourrait limiter les répercussions de l'AS sur le développement à long terme des enfants. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Agression sexuelle, Adaptation scolaire, Fonctionnement social, Réussite scolaire, Habiletés cognitives.
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Jeníčková, Renata. "Hovory se sexuální tématikou na Lince bezpečí." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-334712.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis bearing the name "Calls With Sexual Themes On The Safety Line" in its theoretical part first briefly describes history of telephone crisis intervention in the Czech republic and also in the world, then focuses on sexual development of the child, expert advices how to effectively talk to child about sex and finally on calls with sexual themes on the Safety Line where is used of statistical data of the organization. The theoretical part is followed by a survey consisting of two separate parts: 1) questionnaires which were distributed to the consultants of the Safety Line in category I.- III.; 2) personal interviews conducted with selected consultants. The questionnaires focused on sexual themes of the calls on the Safety Line more generally, in contrary individual interviews examined more specifically what are primarily the feelings of consultants when they are talking with children about sexual topics, which kind of calls are most difficult for them and what is their help during these tough calls. Here it is worth to note that in the interviews there weren't discussed concrete calls with real children's clients, the discussion was just about the different types of calls because of prevention of the damage to the interests of the clients or organization. The thesis aims to summarize the...